TEJ2O1: Data Representation

ASCII
1. What is a bit?
a unit of information expressed as either a 0 or 1 in binary notation
2. How many bits in a byte?
8
3. What does ASCII stand for?
American Standard Code for Information Interchange
4. Decode the following message (Use the table, not an online converter):
82 101 108 101 97 115 101 32 116 104 101 32 75 114 111 101 107 101 110
R E L E A S E T H E K R O K E N
5. Explain why there are no values over 127 in the code above.
(hint: refer to your notes; look for another ASCII chart on the Internet to find out what these values represent)
All codes after 127 are extended ASCII codes

6. Encode your first and last name using both:
a) ASCII decimal values only
84 82 73 83 84 65 78 71 65 89 76 69
b) binary numbers only (i.e. bytes)
1010100 1010010 1001001 1010011 1010100 1000001 1001110
1000111 1000001 1011001 1001100 1000101
7. What other characters require ASCII codes besides letters?
Punctuation, control codes
8. State the ASCII code for these characters ^, &, ", and +.
94 38 34 43
9. Go to a website like http://www.glassgiant.com/ascii/ and create some ASCII
art! Paste it below (delete this one, and insert your own):






























TEJ2O1: Data Representation











ZZZZ$Z$$$ZZ$$$$$77$777777777777777777777I77II7I?III?IIII???????+++????????++++++=++++++++++++++++++=++======+======+++++
ZZZZZZZZ$$ZZ$77777777777III777777I7777IIIIIIIII??IIIIII???????++++???????++++++++++++?????++++++++++========+===~+=+++++
ZZZZZZ$$$$$$77777$$77I77777777III77IIIIII7IIIII????II????I7$ZZZ$$7I???????++?+++++++++++++++++++++++==+=============++++
$ZZ77$7$$$$$777777777777I7777IIII77I777III?III??????IDNNMNNNNNDDDNNNDDO7????+++++=++=++++++++=++++====+========~~===++++
ZZ$$$7777$$$$$777777777777IIIIIIII7IIIIIIIIII?I??+IZNND8NNNMMMMNNNDDDNND8?+??+?++++++++++++++==+=+===++=======~~~====+++
$$$$$$$$Z$$$$7777777777I7I?II??IIIIII?III???????$DMNN8O8NNNNNNNNMMMMND8DNMD$+++?++==++++++++=======~===========~~======+
$$$$Z$$$$$$$7777I777IIIIII?IIIIIIIII?????+????ZNND8DDZZDDDDDDDNNNNNNMMMMNNNNNZ?++=====+++++++=====~~==~===~==~=~=~======
$$$7$$$7$777III777IIIIIIIIIII??III??III???++?$MNNDDD8$O88DDDNMNNNNNNMMMMMMDNMMN7+=====+++++==========~~~~~~~~~~=~======+
77777777777777IIIII7IIIII????????II?????++++$DN8Z7?+++=++???I$ODNNNMMMMMNNNNNMMM+=+===~==========~==~~~~~~~~~~~~=~======
$$77777777777I77IIIIIIII????II?III?????++++I8N$I?+======++???I$O8DDNNNMMNNNMNMNMZ+=+==~===~~====~==~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~======
$$77777777III77IIIIIIII??????I?I????+++++?I8NOI?=~~~~~~~~~==+?I7$ZDNNNNMMMMNNNMNMO+===~~===~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~::~~=======
$$$$$$77II77IIIIIIIIIII?????????????+++++7NM87+=~:~~:~~~~~~==++I7$8DNNNMNMMMMMNMNMO=~=======~~~~~~~:~~~~~~:::::::~~=====
77777$$7IIII?II??II??????????++++??++===$NMNZI+=~~~~~~~~~~~==+?I7$OO8DNMNNNMNNMMNMM$==+++===~===~~~~~~~~:::::::::~~~====
7II?I7I77III???+????++???????++????+==~+$DMD$I+=======~=====+???I7$ZO8DDNNMMNNMMMMMD???+++++++==~=~~~~=~~~~~:::::~~~==+=
777I777$7II???????++++??????+++???++==+IONM8$I+============+++??II7$ZZODNNNMMMMMMMMM7?I??????+=====~~~~~~~~~~::::~~~===+
$7777$$ZZ7I7I??++?I?++?++???+++++++===7$DNNO7I++===~~=======++++++?I7$Z8NNNNNMNMNMMM8I7IIII7I+=====~+=~~::::~~~::~~~===+
ZZZOOZ8OO$7III?II77I?+++++++++=====+=?78DMMZI?=+===~=~=~==++=+++???II7Z8NMMMMMMMNMNMD7$$$I77I????+++?=~~~~~~~::::::~==++
O8888ZZZ88Z$$$$7777$7?I7?++=+=++====+7$8NMMOI?????+=+===?7$7IIIII77$ZZODNNMMMMMMNNMNN$OZ$7IIII?I??++?+?+=~~:~~:::::===++
O8DD8OOOOOOOZ$$$$$Z$$$Z$7I++++++====?$Z8MMM87?I77$I++++?$ZOZZZZOZ$OOOOO8NNMMMMMMNNNMMOZ$ZZ$$777I??+??+?+=~~:~~~::::~====
DDDD88OOOZZZZOOOZZOOOOZ$ZZ7+?+=++=++IOO8DNMDDDI777$ZI+?ZDDZ7$OOO8DMNO$ZODMMMNNNNMMMNMDOZZZZZ$III?I7$7I??=~~~~~~~:~==++++
888888888OOOO8OZO8OOOZO$7$Z+?+=+++??IZDNNMMOZDIZNDO7I=I8O$I?IOZZZZ???I7O8MMNNMMMMMMMMNOOZZZZZ7$$$77$77I++~:::::~:~====+?
DD8D8O8OOO888OOOZ8D8O88ZZ8+???IZO$???ONNMMMZIIII$Z7?+=7ZZ7??I77$7I++?I7ODMMMMMMMMNNNMMO8OOOZ$7$$$77$777I?=~~~~~~~===+++?
8D88OO88OOO8888OODD888OOO8OZ7$OO$8Z7ZO8NMMN7?+=====+?+I77I?=~~~~~=??I7Z8DMMMMNMMMMMNNMZZZZZ$$777$$$Z$$$7I+==~==~=====++?
8DDDO88888888DDD8DD88DD8O888OZOZ$DO$OO8NMMM$?+====++++?II?+==~~~==?I7$Z8NMMMMNMMMMNNNMZZZZZZ$$Z$$$$ZZZ$7I?==========++??
DD888D8OO8DDD8ODNDD88DDD8D8D8O8OODOO88DNNMM8I+=~==+++=?II?++====++I7$ZODNMMMNMMNMMNNNM77777I??I???????????++++++???????I
NMMNNNNNDDDND8D88DD8DDDDDD8DD8D8D8DNNNNNNMMD7+++==++++II7I?++==++?7$ZO8NNMMMNNNMMMMMNN88OOOOO$$$$$$$7I??I???++??III7$$7I
NMMNDDNNNDDDD88O88888D8DN8DDDDDDNNNMMNNNMMMMZ7++??I?=?777ZI++=+??I$ZOODNNMMMMMMMMMMMMNDD8O8OOOZZZZZZZ$ZZ$7I7777I7I7$$ZZZ
NNNNNDDNNDDDNDNDD888DD88DDDDDDDDDNNNNNMMMMMMD$II?++?$8NMND7++??II7ZO88DNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNDDD888OOOOOO8OZ$Z$$$ZZZ$$$$$$$$ZZ
MMNMNDDNNNDDNDDDNDD8DD888D88DDDDNNNMNNNMMMMMNZ7II?==?NNN8ZI??III7$$ZO8DNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMN8OOOOOOOOZOOOZOZZZZOZZZZ$$$$$$ZZ$
NNNMMNNDDNDDNDDDNND8DDDDDD88DDDDDNDNMMMMNMMMMO7I77?++I7$$77Z7IIII7ZZO8DNNMMMMMMMMMMMMNND888ZOOOZZZOOOOZZZZ$$77777$$ZZOO8
MNNMNDDDNNNNNDDDDDD8DDNDDDDDDNNDNDDDNMMMNNMMMN7II7I?77$ZOOZ7I??II7ZO8DNNNMMMNNMMMMMMMNNN8OOZOZZZZZZZZZZZZ$$$$$$$$$$ZOOOO
NMMNDNNNNNDDDDDDDNNNNNMNDDDNDNNDD88DNNNNMMMMMMO7I?++IZZZZZ$77II7$$O8DDNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMNND8OOOOZZZOOZZZZZZZZZZZZZOOOZZZZZO
NMMNDNNNNNNDNDDDDNDNNNNNNNNDDDDDD88DNNMMMMMMMMNO$II??$$Z$77$777$ZZ8DDDNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMDD8ZOO8OZZZ$ZZOOOOZZZZOOOOOOZOOZ$Z
NMMNNNNNNNNNNNNNDNNDDDDDD8D88D8D88O8NDDNMMMMMMMMNO7?+===?I777$ZO88DDDNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMND8O$ZZZ$$$$$ZOZOOZZZ$$$Z$$ZZ$ZOZZ
MNNMNNMNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNDDD888888888O8NNNMNNNMMNMMMMNOI++?I77$O88DDDDNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNDOZZZZ$$$$$$ZZZZOZ$$ZZOOO$$ZOZZO
NNMMMNMMMDDNNNNNNNNNDNNDDDDD88O8OOZ$8NNNMMMMMMMMMMMMNZZOO88DDDDDDNMMMNNNMMMNMMMMMMMMNMNNDZOZO8ZOOZZZOOZO8O8OOOOO8OZZZZ$$
MMMNNNMMNNNDNDNNNNNNNDNNDDDDDD88OZZ$OMNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNMMMMMNNNNNNNNNMMMMMMMMMMNNNND88O8OOOOOZOOOO8OZO888888OZZZO8
NMNNNMNMMMNDNNNNNNNND88DOO8OOZOOZZZ$ZDNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNMMMMMMNNNNNNDNDDNNMMMNMMMMMMNMMND88OOZZZZZ$OOO88OO8888O8O888OOO
MMMMMMMNMNNNNDDDDDDD8888D8OZZZZZZOZZO8NMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMN$ZO88DNNNDDD88OOO8DNNMMNMMMMNNNNNN8O8O8OOOO8OOOO8OZZZO88OOZOZZZO8
MMMMMMMMMMNDNNNDD888OOO8OZ8OOOZOZZZZOOONMMNNMMMMMMMMMMMZI7$$OOO888OOZZZZZ8DNMNNNMMMMNNNMMDD8Z$77II7$77$$$$$$$77$7I??7$ZZ
NNMMMMMMMNDDND88D888O8OO8O88OOOOOOOO888NMMMNMMMMMMMMMMMD7II77$ZZZZZZ$$77$Z8NNDNMNNMNDNNMMMN8DD8O8O8OZZ7I77Z$77777$$ZOZ7$
NNNNNNNNNNNND88DNNDDNNNNNOOOOOOOZOZONDDMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMN8$7III777$$777I7I7$Z8NNNNNNNN88MMMMMNMND888DNZOO8DNZ77II777ZZ$7$O
NNNNNNDNDDD88888D8DNNNNNMDD8O8DD8DNDNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMDOZ$7II?I7777IIIII?7$$ODNDDDDDN88MNNMMNNND8OO8NODD8DN8O7II77$Z$$7$O
NNNNNNNNDDDDD888D8NDDDO8NMNMNNNMNNMMNNNMMMMMMMMMMMNDO7I?I????????I?++????I7Z8DDNN88N8DMNMNNMNDDNNNND88ZZOOZZ7II?IZ$ZZ7$$
NNNNNNNNNDDDD8DDNNDDDND8NMMMMMMNMNNMMMMMMMMNMMMNNZ$$7???++?+????+++++++++?I$O8NDDZ8D8DNNNNMMNDD8OZZZ7III???III7ZZ$ZOZZZ8
MMNDDNMMNNND8DNDNNNDD8DDNMNDNMMMMNMMMMMMMMMMMM8$7I???=++=++++++++==+==+++I7ZDDDDOZ8D8NNNNNNNNMND8888O7+?I?7$$77$$$$ZOOOO
NMMNNNNMNNNDDDNDDDD8888NMMNDNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMZIII++++++==+=+++++==+++????7Z888DOZ8DDNNNNNNNNMNND88D8$?IIII777$$Z$$$Z$$$
NNNNNNMNNDDDNDDD8O8O8DDNMNNNNMMMMNNNMMMMMMMNNN7I?+++========++========++??I$8OO88O8DNMNNNNMDDNNMNDDDOO$I$7I??II??I777777
NNNMNNNND8DDD8DDO8D8DNDNDDNNDDNMNNNMMMMMMMNNNOI+++++=~~=====+====~=====+?I$$8DO88O8NNMNNNDD88DDDNNNN8OO8Z$77Z7?7O777$O$$
NDNNNDNNND8888O8OO8O8DDDNNDDDNNDNNMMMMMMNDDDO$?+==============~====+++++?I$8O888888MMMNN8ZZZ88DDNMMNND8Z$$IIIIII?IIII???
NNNMNDMMNM8Z8$ZOOO8OODDDDD888DNNMMMMMMMM8OZZO7++======~~~=======~~==++?+?I$ZOO8D88DND888OZOZ7ZZZO8DNMMMND88888Z77777I?I?
NNNNNDMMNMDDN$ZOZZOOZO88DN888DMMMMMMMMMMOZZ$$?=+===========~=====~===+++?I$ZOO8DDD8OOZ$$$7$$$8DDDDNMNNMMMD8O88OZ$$$OO77$
NNNNNNMMNNNDNMN8OZZO88O8D88DNMMMMMMMMMMNZ7II?+==========~======~=~===++??7ZOO888O$7$$$$I?IIII$O8DNMMMMMMMMNDD8ODD88888DO
DDNNDDNDDNNNNNNDNDOOOOOOO88MMMMMMMMMMMN8$III+===~=========~~=~~~==~==++?I$$ZZZZOOOZ7I?7$O888DNNNNNNMMMMMMMMNNDD88DNNDO$I
NNNNDDDNNNDNNNNNN88DDD8OZ$MMMMMMMMMMMMND7?++=======+===~~~~~~~~=~~~~~=+??7$$ZOO$7$ZO8DDNNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMD88DDD8888D
DNNNNNNNDDDDDNDDDDD888OZ$8MMMMMMMMMMMNDD87?++=~~=++++=~~~~~~~:~~~~~~===+?7ZZ$ZZODNNMNNDDNNNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNMD8888DND8
DNNNNNNNNND88D8888OZ$ZZZ8NMMMMMMMMMMNNDDDO$I?+===+?++==~~~~~~~~~~~~====?7$ZOO8DDNNNNDDMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNMN888888D8
NNDDND888OOO888OOOOO88DMMMMMMMMMMMMMNDD8DOOOD87I?I?+=~~~~~~=~~~~~===+I$ZOO8DNNMNNNNMMMMMMMMNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNMNMNDOOZOZO8
NDND888O8888DO888DDDDMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNND88D8DD8888DDD8O7III?++=+==++I$$Z88ODMMNNNMMMMNNMNDNNNNMMMMMMMMMNMMMMMMMNNMMOOOZZ88
NDDD8D8O8DDDD88888D8MMMMMMMMMMMMMMNDDDDDNNNDD8D8888OOOOOOOOO8OO8OZO8OODMD8NMMMMMMMMNNN8NNNNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNMDDNDNDD
NNDDDDDD8888OOZOOZZZMMMMMMMMMMMMMNDNDNNDMMD8DD8O8OO8D888888D888888ODMMNDNMNMMMMMMNNNN8NMNNNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNDDDDD8
MMNDDD888888O8OOOZ$$MMMMMMMMMMMMMNDDNNNDMMDDDNDD8OOO88888D8DDD8DD8DNNNNMMMMMMMMMNNNMD8NMDNNNMMNNDNNNMMMMMMMMMMMMNM8O88D8
MMMNNNDDD8888888DDDDMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNMNDNMNNMNMD8D88DDD88DND8NNNDDNDNMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNNDNNDDNN8OODNDDNDNNMMNMMMMNNNMMNOOO88
MMMNNNNNNDNDDDDDD8DDMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNMMNMMMNMMMNDDDD8DD88NNMNMD8NNDNMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNMNNNMNND88O888NNNNNDNNMMMMMMMNMNNMDOZZZ
MMMMMNNNNNNNNDDDDDDDMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNMMMMMNNNNNMNNNNMMMNNMNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMDNND8O8D8N88DNNMMMMMMMNNNMMMMMNNND
MMMMNNNDDNDNNDDDNNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNMMMMNNNMNNMNNNNMNNNNNMNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNDDO888O888DNMMMMMMMMNNNNNMNMMMNN
MMMNDD8D8888OOOO8DNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNMNMMMMMNNNMNNNMMMMNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNDND888888DNDNMMMNMMMMMMMNNNNNNMMD88
MMD8888OOOO88OO88DNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNNNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNDDDDD8ODDDNMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNDNMMMMN88
MD8D888888OOOOOO8NMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNDNND888DMMMNMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNNNNNNMDO
88DDD88888OOO888MMNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNMNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNMNNNNDDNNDNNNMMNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNNNMNNMN8
DDDDDDDDDD888DDNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNNDNNNNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNNNNNMMNN
NMMMMMMNNNNNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNMMMMMMMMMMMMMNMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNNMMMNNNN
MMMNNMNNNNNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNMMNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNMMMMMMN
NMMMMMNNNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNMNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNNNNMMMN
NMMMNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNMNNNMNNNMMMNNNM
NNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNMMMMNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNMMNNMMMNNNN
NMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNMMMMMNMMMMMMNNN
NMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNMMMNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNMMMMMMMMMMMMNMMNMMMMNN
NMMNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNMNN
NMMMNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNN
NMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNMMMNDDDNMMMMMMMMNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNMMNMNNMNM
MMMMMMMMMMMMMNNND88NMMMMNDDMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNNNNNMMMMNN
NMMMMMMMMMMNNNNNDDMMDDDNNNNNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNMMMMMMMMMNMMNNNMNNNNNNNNN
MMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNMNODNND88NODD8DMNMND8OODDNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNNNNNNNMNNN
NMMMMMMMMMMMMMDDNDOOMMND8N8DDODMN8O$III77$Z8DMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNNMNNNNNNMM
NMMMMMMMMMMMMN8NDNNNNDONMNNO8MDZ8IIIIIII77$$$7ZODNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNMNNMNNN
MMMMMMMMMMMMMNMDDMNMODMM8DNMMNOD$777IIII777777$$$$77$DMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNNNMMNNMNN
NMMMMMMMMMMMMNDNMNN8MMMNMNMNMD88$$777777777777777$$77$$8NMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNNNMMMNNNNN
NMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMDNNMMNMDMNMNNDZ$$$$$$$$7777777777$$$$$ZZZZNMMMMMMNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNMNNNNNNN
NMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNMMNNNDMMNNM8ZZZZZ$$Z$$777777$$77$$$$77$$Z8NMMMMMNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNMMNMMMMMMMMNMMMMNNNNNNNNMMNN
NNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNMMMMMNNMND8888OOZZ$$$$$$7777777777777$$ZO88MNMNMMMMMMMMNNNDD8O8NNMMNNNMMMNMMMMMMNNMNNMNNNNNNNNNNN
NMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNMMMDDNDD88ZZZ$$$$$7$$$$77$ZZ$7III$8NDNNMN8ZO8O88NMND888NNND8O88NNMMMMMMMMNMMNNNNNNNNNNNNNN
NNNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNMMMMMMMMMMNN8ZZZZZ$$$$Z$$$$$ZODD8777$7$D88D8OZZO8DD8O88DND88DNNNNNNNMMMMMMMMMMMNMMNMNNNMMMNNN
NMNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMD888OOZZZZZ$$ZZZZ$$ZZ8NNOZ$$$$DDDDDNDOODDDDDDDDDDD8DNNDNNNNNMMMMMMMMMMMMMNNNNNNNMMNN
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