Napa, Francis May 20, 2013

CE-1CHM12-3/ A44
Ricafrente, Zyrah Mae R.
CE-1 CHM12-3/ A44

Homework No. 2
Title: SOLUTIONS AND THEIR PROPERTIES

1. Water has an equilibrium vapour pressure of 23.8 mm Hg at 25 . If 1.00
g H
2
O sealed in a 20.0 L flask, what mass will remain in the liquid phase
when equilibrium is established?
( 760 mm Hg = 1 atm, R = 0.0821 Latm/molK )

Given Required
P: 23.8 mm Hg 0.03132 atm m
liqiud
: ?
T: 25 + 273 = 298 K
m: 1 g H
2
O
V: 20 L
R: 0.0821 L

Solution
PV= nRT n=

n=
( )()
( ) ( )
= 0.02560 mol

g = 0.2560 mol (

) = 0.46 g H
2
O

1 g 0.46 g =



2. Mercury metal has a vapor pressure of 0.273 mm Hg at 101 and 281
mm Hg at 151 . Calculate the enthalpy of vaporization of mercury. (
R=8.31 J/molK )

0.54 g
Given Required:
P
1
: 0.273 mm Hg HVap
mercury
T
1
: 101 + 273 = 374 K
P
2
: 2.81 mm Hg
T
2
: 151 + 273 = 424 K
R: 8.31 /mol

Solution
(

)


() *(

)+
|(

)|



() *(

)+
|(

)|


61 446.61 J/mol


=






3. Carbon tetrachloride, an organic solvent, has an enthalpy of vaporization
of 29.82 kJ/mol. If CCl
4
has a normal boiling point of 3.50 x 10
2
K, what is
its vapor pressure at 273K? ( R=8.31 J/molK )

Given Required
HVap: 29.82 P
2
: ?
T
1
: 3.50 x 10
2
K
T
2
: 273 K
R: 8.31 J/molK
P
1
: 760 torr
61.4 KJ/mol

Solution

(

)

(

= 0.9971 ( 760 torr )

4. Freon-113, C2Cl3F3, has an enthalpy of vaporization of 27.04 kJ/mol and a
normal boiling point of 48C. At what temperature is the vapor pressure of
Freon-112 equal to 76.0 mm Hg?
Given:

Find:

Soln:

+
P
2
= 757.85 torr

261.6K 273








5. Naphthalene, a substance present in some mothballs, has an enthalpy of
vaporization of 49.4 kJ/mol. If the vapor pressure of naphthalene is 0.300 mm
Hg at 298 K, what is the temperature at which the vapor pressure is 7.60 102
mm Hg?
Given:

Find:

Soln:

491K




6. What intermolecular forces are present in solid CO2?


7. Given the boiling points and critical temperatures, determine which of the

gas crit.
)
O2 -183 -119
NH3 -33.3 31
SO2 -10 158



8. The boiling points of some group 15 hydrides are tabulated below.
gas b.p.

NH3 -33.3
PH3 -88
AsH3 -63

Which intermolecular force or bond is responsible for the high boiling point of
ammonia relative to the other hydrides?

491K
London Dispersion Force
NH3
Hydrogen bonding





9. Arrange NH
3
, CH
4
, and PH
3
in order from lowest to highest boiling points.





10. Arrange N
2
, O
2
, He, and Cl
2
in order from lowest to highest melting point.





11. The molal boiling point constant for water is 0.52 /m. At what
temperature will a mixture of NaCl and 0.500 kg of water boil?

Given
Kb: 0.52 /m
Moles
(solute)
:


= 0.77 mol NaCl
Kg
(solvent)
:

Solution





kb = (0.52 /m)(0.385m) =


12. The molal freezing point constant for water is 1.86 /m. At what
temperature will a mixture of 2.00 g of CaCl
2
and 25.0 g of water freeze?

N
2
( O
2
() He() Cl
2
(-150.7)
PH
3
()

NH
3
() CH
4
()

0.2002
Given
Moles
(solute)
:

= 0.0180 mol

Kg
(solvent)
: 25.0

= 0.025 kg H
2
O

Solution





Tf = (1.86 /m)(0.72m) =

13. An aqueous solution is composed of 7.50 g NaCl (MM=58.44 g/mol)
diluted to 0.100 L. Calculate the osmotic pressure of the solution at 298 K.

Given Required
m: 7.50g NaCl = ?
V: 0.100 L
T: 298 K

Solution










(1.283 mol/L )(0.0821 Latm/molK)(298 K)





14. A solution is prepared by dissolving 8.50 g of an unknown nonelectrolyte
in 0.250 kg of water. If the freezing point of the water is depressed by
0.724 , what is the molar mass of the solute? The freezing point
depression constant for water is 1.86 /m.

1.34
31.39 atm
Given Required
Mass
(Solute)
: 8.50 g molar mass: ?
T
f water
: 0.724
Water: 0.250 kg

Solution
T
f
= k
f
m






(0.38924 m/kg)(0.250 kg) = 0.0973 moles

Molar mass =


=


15. A 0.230 m solution of an unknown electrolyte depresses the freezing
point of water by 0.821 . What is the Vant Hoff factor for this
electrolyte? The freezing point depression constant for water is 1.86
/m.


Given Required
Tf: 0.821 i=?
Kf: 1.86 /m
m: 0.230 m

Solution
Tf= iKfm
0.821 = i(1.86)(0.230m)

87.36 g/mol
i= 1.92