Standard Specification for

Roads & Bridges

Engineer s Representative

General Specification for Roads & Bridges

R9

Sampling

Sub-GradeR6, R6E, R6F, R6G

Base-CoursesR7

D.B.S.DR8, R8A, R8B

R9

FootwayR11A

pdf
www.talarsaz.net

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General
Specification for
Roads & Bridges
Section R6
Selected Granular Material
Sub-Base Course

Eng-Halmat@hotmail.com

01

R6

Scope

R 5Sub-GradeSub-Base

R6

02

Materials

Sub-GradeSub-Base

Grading

AASHTO

100
80-30
15-5

2
No. 4
No. 200

Percent of Wear

AASHTO T96-74

Sharp

2>

BS 1377 Test No. 8

10>

Earth Manual of U.S Bureau of

Reclamation Appendix E8
>
BS 1377 Test No. 9

Organic Matter
Soluble Salt
So3

AASHTO T146

25%
6%

AASHTO T99
AASHTO T90-70

Liquid Limit
Plastic Index

Uniform Graded

100
100-60
85-50
72-42
42-23
20-5

100
100
85-50
65-35
52-26
28-14
15-5

95-75
75-40
60-30
47-21
28-14
15-5

US

Sieve Size

mm

100

3 in

75

100-95

65-30
55-25
42-16
18-7
8-2

2 in

50

1 in
in
No. 4
No. 8
No. 50
No. 200

25
9.5
4.75
2.36
0.3
0.075

ASTM D 1557 MDD CBR

AASHTO T180

CBR

35%

30%

20%

R6 Sampling & Testing

03

R6 04Equipment

Sub-Base Course

Blade Graders
Wheel Base

Self-Propelled

Sprinkling Equipment

Transporting & Mixing Equipment

Sub-

Spreader-MixerGrade

OMC

Transporting Vehicle

Compaction Equipment

Sub-Base
Vibratory Rubber-tyred Pneumatic-tyred roller

Smooth Wheeled Power Rollers Compactor

10


R6 05
Operation of Quarries & Pits

Weather
R6 06
Limitations

Sub-Base Course

R6 07
Preparation of Sub-Grade

R6 09
Grade & Alignment Control

11


Construction Methods Including Placingand
Spreading,
R6 09

R6 10Mixing

Segregation
re-mixing

R6 11Compaction

BS CompactionBS 1377(1975) Test 12 MDD
AASHTO T180-74OMC

Segregation

12


R6 12
Thickness and Finish

Sub-Base Course

Tolerance Sub -Base Course

Tolerance

13

R6 14

Maintenance

Sub-Base Course
Sub-Base Course

R6

13Measurement

Sub-Base Course

R6 14Payment

Sub-Grade

14


Sampling

Sampling

CBR

15

General
Specification for
Roads & Bridges
Section R6e
Soil Cement Stabilized
Sub-Grade, Sub-Base, or Base

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16

R6E 02

Materials

S.G Silty & Clayey Soili

Max L.L (45%) a

Max P.I (20%) b

PH12.1B.S1924 (PH)c
S.S.C (4% Sulfates & 8% Chlorides)d

Sandy & Gravelly Soil ii

Max Passing Size on (50mm )=100% a

Max Passing Size on (5mm)(No.4)>50% b

Passing (0.4mm)(No.36) Sieve > 15% c

Passing (0.075mm)(No.200) Sieve <5% d

Finer than (0.002mm) (Clay) < 35% e

Sulphate iii

resistant

B.S 4027

17

 iv

AASHTO T26-72

R6E 03Mix Design

AASHTO T134

Compressive Strength

AASHTO T22

Swelling of Volume
AASHTO T135-70

Site Tolerances

18

R6E 04

Crushing

Strength

Optimum
Optimum Moisture (1975 Vibrating Hammer (B.S 1924)

Content

Equipment and
R6E 05 Method of Stabilization

19

S.G, S.B,

Base

R6E 06

R6E 07

20

(Optimum Moisture

Content)

R6E 08 Compaction

M.D.D

Cement Hydration

Preliminary Trail
(R6E 09)

(R6E 10) Thickness and Finish

R6 12Base S.G, S.B

R9/6R5 12i

Surface, Binder, Base Course

M.D.Dii

Smoothness iii

Cross falliv

21


Curing and Maintenance
(R6E 11)

Curing

Base
Course

Curing

Curing

Sampling and Testing

(R6E 12 )

R6/03

Insitu density
AASHTO (T191-61) (1974)
AASHTO (T205-64)(1974)
AASHTO (T238-73)

AASHTO (T27-74)

AASHTO (T211-65)(1974)

R6E Compressive Strength

03

AASHTO (T134-70

22


Sampling

Materials

Soil a

Silty and Clayey Soilsa

Sampling

Liquid Limit

Sulphates

Clorides

PH ValuePH

Sandy and Gravelly Soilsa

Sampling

Sampling

23

 Sampling

SO3

CL

Sampling

PH Value

Sampling

24

General
Specification for
Roads & Bridges
Section R6F
Lime Stabilized
Sub-Grade, Sub-Base

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25

 (R6F 02)Materials

Clayey Gravels Heavy Clay Soil

Lime Clay

P.I > 8Silt or Clay

CaO Lime

Lime

Ca(OH)2

CaO

26

AASHTO (T219AASHTO (M216

AASHTO (T26-72

Composition of Mixture
(R6F 03)

Clay

Crushing Strength

27

Compressive Strength

R6E 03

28

 Testing

( AASHTO T88)

Limits Atterberg
AASHTO (T89 & T90)
(P.I-P.L-L.L)

Acidity
B.S 1377 Test NO (11)

AASHTO (T99)

AASHTO (T93)(Natural Water Content

Mix Design

AASHTO (T220)

29

 TolerancesO.M.Ca
AASHTO (T220)(M.D.D)b

Compressive Strengthc
d

Equipment
R6F 04and Method of Stabilization

R6E


Skin..

Hydrated Lime

R6F 05
R6E

R6F 06
R6E

30

 R6F 07Compaction

M.D.D

M.D.D

Lime Hydration

Preliminary Trail
(R6F 08)
R6E

Thickness and Finish

R6F 09

R6 12

31

R9/6R5.12(2)
BaseSub

Sampling and Testing

R6F 10

R6E 12

AASHTO T232

R6F 11Measurement

S.G,

S.B.Course

R6F 12Payment

S.G, S.B

R6F 11

Sub-Grade

32


Sampling

Materials

Clay and Clayey Gravelly Soilsa

Sampling

Acidity
Compaction Test

Limeb

Sampling

Calcium and

Magnesium Oxides

Sampling

33

 Sampling

34

General
Specification for
Roads & Bridges
Section R6G
Bitumen Stabilized
Sub-Grade, Sub-Base

Eng-Halmat@hotmail.com

35

 R6G

02

Materials

L.L
P.I

Bitumen

R9, 02-5
Cut-Back

R8,02-2

c
Cut-Back

RC8000 RC250 RC250

SS AASHTO M81 AASHTO M81 Or MC70 Or MC800

AASHTO M208

Lab-Trails

Composition of Mixture
R6G 03

True & Foals

AASHTO T167

AASHTO T167

36

Sub-Grade

Sub-Base

Compressive Strength at 25C

1 N/mm

2 N/mm

Marshal Stability at 25C

1 KN

2 KN

AASHTO T165

Equipment and
R6G 04 Method of Stabilization

Bitumen Emulsion Cut-Back

Stationary Plant Method of Construction

R6G 05
R9 05

37


Mix-in Place method of Construction
R6G 06

Multi-Pass equipment

Single Pass

R6G 07

Compaction

Rubber or Pneumatic tyred

Rollers

ParticularCompressive Strength

Steel-Tyred Tandem Roller

Preliminary Trail
R6G 08
R6G 09

Thickness & Finish

R6G 09
R6E 10

38

Curing &
R6G 10
Maintenance

Curing

R6G 10

R8A

Abrasion

Weather
R6G 11
Limitations
R9 12

Sampling & Testing

R6G 12

R6G 03, R6G 02

Testing bitumen Binders A

Cut back

AASHTO T40Sampling
AASHTO T78Distillation

AASHTO T79Flash Point

AASHTO T72Saybolt-Furol (Viscosity)

AASHTO T201Kinematics Viscosity

39

 AASHTO T202Absolute Viscosity

AASHTO T59

Sampling & Testing B

Bituminous Mixtures

AASHTO T191
AASHTO T205

AASHTO T230
AASHTO T238
M.D.D

AASHTO T164Extraction

R6G 03

R6G 13Measurement

S.G,

S.B,

R6G 14Payment

S.G, S.B
R6G 11

Sub-Grade

40

Highway Design Manual

(1982)
Part II

Highway Design
2.6 Cross Section Element
2.6.02 Normal Cross Slope

3%
2.5-3%
2.5%
2.5%
1.5-2%
1.5%

Gravel Road, Stabilized Surfaces
Bituminous Surface Treatment
Bitumen Macdam, Carpets
Stone Block Paving
Asphaltic Concrete
Concrete Road

41


Sampling

Sand and Sand and Gravelly Mixturea

Sampling

Asphaltic Cementb
Sampling

42

43

 Cut-Back Asphaltb

Sampling

Saybolt Furol Viscosity

Absolute Viscosity

Cationic Emulsified Asphaltb

Sampling

Saybolt Furol
Storage Stability Test
Classification Test
Coating Ability &
Water Resistance

Particle Charge Test

Cement Mixinig Test

Sieve Test
Distillation

44

 Sampling

Sampling

45

46

General
Specification for
Roads & Bridges
Section R7
Base Courses

Crushed Limestone Base Course

Crushed Gravel Base Course
Vibratory-Compacted Macadam Stone
Base Course

Eng-Halmat@hotmail.com

47

R7 01

Scope

Sub-Grade, Sub-R6

Cross Section R6E, R6F, R6GBase, Base

GSRBR7

R7 02

Materials

Mechanical Screening

Mechanical Crushing

48

Gradinga

AASHTO T27-74

100

37.5

100-80

25

80-50

12.5

60-30

4.75

No. (4)

30-10

0.425

No. (40)

15-5

0.075

No. (200)

Fracture b

49


Abrasion Loss c
AASHTO T96-74

Fines d

AASHTO T146-49

Maximum

AASHTO

25

Liquid Limit T89-68

Plasticity Index T90-70

CBRe

ASTM D1883
CBRModified Proctor

Soundness Test f
AASHTO T 104

50

R7 02

Materials

Mechanical Screening
Mechanical Crushing

51

Grading a
AASHTO T27-74

100

37.5

100-80

25

80-50

12.5

60-30

4.75

No. (4)

30-10

0.425

No. (40)

15-5

0.075

No. (200)

52

Abrasion Loss c

AASHTO T96-74

Fines d

AASHTO T146-49

Maximum

AASHTO

25

Liquid Limit T89-68

Plasticity Index T90-70

53


Gypsum Content e
SO3
BS 1377 Test No. 9

CBRf
ASTM D1883
CBRModified Proctor

Soundness Test g
AASHTO T 104

54

R7 02

Grading a
AASHTO

T27-74

100
100-85
30-10

Imperial

100
100-90
70-35
15-0
5-0
-

2 in
2 in
1 in
1 in
in
3/8 in
No. 4
No. 100

63
50
37.5
25
12.5
9.5
4.75
0.15

Abrasion Loss b
AASHTO T96-74
Soundness Test c
AASHTO T 104

55

Sampling & Testing

R7 03

R7 02

R7 04

Equipment

Base Course

56

Blade Graders

Wheel Base

Sprinkling Equipment

R7 05
Operation of Quarries & Pits

57

Stockpiling
R7 06

Weather
R7 07
Limitations

Base Course

58


R7 08
Preparation of Sub-Grade

Base Course

R7 09
Grade & Alignment Control

Construction Methods Including Placing, Spreading,
and Compaction
R7 10

Base Course

59

MDD 98
OMC 98 BS CompactionBS 1377(1975) Test 12
AASHTO T180-74

60

AASHTO T180-74

61

62

MDD
OMCBS Compaction BS1377(1975) Test 12
AASHTO T180

R7 02-2(a)

63

R7 11
Thickness and Finish

Level

Irregularities

64

R7 12

Maintenance

Prime Coat

Sub-BaseSub-Grade

R7

13Measurement

Base Course

R7 14Payment

Sub- BaseSub-Grade

65

Highway Design Manual

(1982)
Part II

Highway Design
2.6 Cross Section Element
2.6.02 Normal Cross Slope

3%
2.5-3%
2.5%
2.5%
1.5-2%
1.5%

Gravel Road, Stabilized Surfaces
Bituminous Surface Treatment
Bitumen Macdam, Carpets
Stone Block Paving
Asphaltic Concrete
Concrete Road

66


Sampling

Sampling

Juss Content
Soundness Loss

67

68

General
Specification for
Roads & Bridges
Section r8
Double Bituminous Surface
Dressing
(D.B.S.D)

Eng-Halmat@hotmail.com

69

Double Bituminous Surface Dressing

(D.B.S.D)

70

R8 01Scope

R8

02Materials

Aggregates

AASTHO T104-74

AASTHO T96-74
AASTHO T27-74

71

 R8/1

No4

No10

No20

AASTHO T82-70
Adhesion

Stripping

72

 Bituminous Binder

Cut-back bitumen

M82 -73 AASTHO T81 -70

, AASTHO T50-69, AASTHO T78-74 , AASTHO T79-74 AASTHO T49-74

Grade
CRS-2AASTHO M208

Sampling and
R8 03Testing

73

 AASTHO T2 AASTHO T40

AASTHO AASTHO T59R9/2
M208

Quantities to
R8 04

be Applied

74

 R8/2
Bituminous Binder

R8 05 Equipment

(Self-Propelled)

Gages

Steam Coils

Cut-back

Self-Propelled

Self-Propelled

75

R8 Weather Limitations
06

Preparation of Surface
R8 07

First
R8 08Application of Bituminous Binder

76

Application of Aggregate
R8 09

77

R8 10Brooming and Rolling First Course

78

R8

11Second Application of Bituminous Binder

R8 08

79

R8

12Shoulders

R5 11-4

80

 R8

13Measurement

R8 14Payment

81

General
Specification for
Roads & Bridges
Section r8A
Bituminous Prime Coat

Eng-Halmat@hotmail.com

82

 R8A 01Scope

R8A 02Bituminous Binder

Medium Curing Cut-Back Bitumen

AASHTO M82 -73 MC250 MC70 MC 30

KeroseneGORA

Sampling

T40-67

Water Content

T55-70

Viscosity

T72-74

Distillation

T78-74

AASHTO M208 Grades CSS-1h or

CSS-1

83

Sampling &
R8A 03Testing

AASHTO T59AASHTO T40

AASHTO M208

Quantities to be
R8A 04Applied

84

85

Weather Limitation
R8A 05

Base-CoursePrime Coat

R8A

06Equipment

R8 05

Preparation of Surface
R8A 07

R7 11

86

Application of Bituminous
R8A 08Binder

87

88

R8A 09Maintenance

Pavement

R8A

10Measurement

R8A

11Payment

89


Sampling

Cut-back Asphalt (Medium curing type)

Sampling

Saybolt Furol Viscosity

Absolute Viscosity

90

91

General
Specification for
Roads & Bridges
Section r8B
Bituminous Tack Coat

Eng-Halmat@hotmail.com

92

 R8B 01Scope

Primed Bituminous Binder Course

Base

R8B 02Bituminous Binder

RC Rapid Curing Cut-Back Bitumen

AASHTO R81-70RC 70 250

Motor Spirit GORA

T40-67

Sampling

T55-70

Water Content

T72-74

Viscosity

T78-74

Distillation

Motor Spirit

AASHTO M208 Grades CSS-1h

CSS-1

Sampling &
R8B 03Testing

AASHTO T59AASHTO T40
AASHTO M208

93

Quantities to be
R8B 04Applied

R8B 05Equipment

94

 Hose

R8

05

Weather Limitation
R8B 06

CoursesBinder CourseTack Coat

Base-Course

Preparation of Surface
R8B 07

95

Application of Bituminous
R8B 08Binder

Thin Film of Bituminous Concrete CourseBituminous Base course

Good BondBinder

96

R8B

09Measurement

R8B

10Payment

97

Highway Design Manual

(1982)
Part II

Highway Design
2.6 Cross Section Element
2.6.02 Normal Cross Slope

3%
2.5-3%
2.5%
2.5%
1.5-2%
1.5%

Gravel Road, Stabilized Surfaces
Bituminous Surface Treatment
Bitumen Macdam, Carpets
Stone Block Paving
Asphaltic Concrete
Concrete Road

98

99

General
Specification for
Roads & Bridges
Section r9
Hot-Mix Asphaltic Concrete
Pavement

Revised Edition 2003

Eng-Halmat@hotmail.com
100

R9

01

R7, R6

R9

02

Aggregate
Uniform Quality

101

Mineral Filler

102

AASHTO T96-
74

Surface

Percentage of Wear

Binder
Base

AASHTO

Plastic Index AASHTO T90-70T89-68

BS1377 Test No.9

So3

Coarse Aggregate

BS 12 Part 3

Degree of
Crushing %

Flat or elongated %

BS 812.Part 3(1975A
AASHTO T182

ASTM D2727

PSV
Coating

Soundness Test

ASTM C88

103

 Fine Aggregate

Mineral Filler

100%
100% - 95%
100% - 70%

No. (30)
No. (50)
No. (200)

AASHTO T90

Stripping Test

Glass Jar

104

Hydrophobic
Hydrophilic

Penetration Asphalt
AASHTO

Viscosity Grade
AC-20
AC-30
AC-40
2000400 3000600 4000800
300
350
400
60

50

40

232

232

232

99

99

99

10000

15000

20000

50

40

25

Viscosity, 60 C, Poises
Viscosity, 135 C, Poises

Viscosity, 60 C, Poises

105

Composition of Mixtures
R9 03
Surface Binder Course

Course

Type IIIB Type IIIA
Type II
Type I



Surface or Wearing
Binder or Leveling
Base Course
Course
Course
Aggregate + Filler
100

100
90-100

100
90-100
76-90
100
90-100
70-90
56-80
90-100
76-90
56-80
48-74
55-85
44-74
35-65
29-59
32-67
28-58
23-49
19-45
7-23
5-21
5-19
5-17
4-10
4-10
3-9
2-8
4-6

4-6

3-5.5

4-6

1
1 in

mm
37.5
25

in
19
in
12.5
in
9.5
No. 4
4.75
No. 8
2.36
No. 50
300m
No. 200
75m

Job-
R9 04Mix Formula

Tolerances

106


Tolerance

6%

4%

2%

0.3%

15C

Bitumen Mortar Softening Point

AASHTO T53

Job-Mix Formula

Marshal Hammer

ASTM D1559

KNMarshal Stability

Flow Marshal

107

ASTM D1075

Marshal Stability

R9 05Equipment

Weight

Batch Type

ASTM D995Asphalt Mixing Plants

Standard Specification for Mixing Plants for Hot-Mixed, Hot-Laid Bituminous Paving

Mixtures

108

Standard ASTM D290

Practice for Bituminous Mixing Plant Inspection

Tank

MixerCirculating System

109

Mechanical Spreading
HoppersSelf-Propelled

electronic or mechanical Screeds Distributing Screws

LevelsLeveling

110

Staggered echelon

Each Width

Sleeve

R9 11

R9

Contractors Personnel
06

R9

07Mixing

111


Hot

Bins

112


R9 08Transportation of Asphaltic Concrete Mixtures

Bin and Hopper

Segregation

Segregation

Trucks

R9

09Placing

Surface Courses

Pitching

113

Prime Coat d
Tack Coat
R8B

e
R8BBinding

Cut-Back bitumen

114

Longitudinal & Reverse g

Joints
BS2499(1973) Class (A) Grades (I) & (II)

115

Spreading &
R9

10Finishing

116

TearingSegregation

117


Base Course, Binder

Surface CourseCourse

118

1 to 1-1/2 inches (25-40 mm)

Typical Overlap on
Longitudinal Joints
Thickness of
Rolldown

Compacted
Mat

Uncompacted
Mat

Mix Bumped Back to Joint

Uncompacted
Mat

Compacted
Mat

119

Stagger

Echelon

120

Shovellers & Rackers

121

Footways

ViaductBridgesExpansion Joints
BS1447 (1973

R9 11Compaction

122

Smooth Steel-Wheeled Roller

Surface Course & Binder Course

Reverse

GreaseOil
Petrol

123

Initial or Breakdown Rolling

Second Rolling

Plastic

Permeability

124

Finish Rolling

Finishing

Intermediate Breakdown

Static Mode

Static Mode

125

No
.S

Steel-Tire-Static Roller

Pneumatic Roller

Vibratory

Surface Course

Gullies & ManholesEdges

ViaductsBridges

126

Transverse Joint

FullySurface Course

Joint Heater
Cut-Back

echelon

Fully
Multiple-lane-width Pavers

127

128

R8BTack Coat

ASTM D2950-74Bulk Density

129

 AASHTO T166

Bulk Density

Expressways Bulk Density

Intersections

R9

Weather Limitation
12

130


R9 13Thickness, Finish & Surface Regularity

Smoothness of Pavement Course

Final Rolling

Cross-Fall

Thickness of Pavement Course

R9 17

131

Surface Conditions
Impermeable

Segregation
Disintegration BleedingRuttingStable
Surface

Surface Levels of Pavement Courses

Geometric Design

Tolerances

Tolerance
4mm
6mm
+8mm -20mm
+10mm-20mm

Surface Course
Binder Course
Base Course
Sub-Base

132

True Deviate

Level Pavement
Surface & Binder

Longitudinally

Surface Regularity

Surface Courses & Binder Courses

Irregularity
Courses
Surface Course
Binder or Base Course

(4.0-5.9 )mm

(6.0-10.0)mm

20
40

2
3

133

 Rectification

Tolerance

Base Course And Sub-Bases

Asphalt Concrete base Course

Fresh

Binder and Surface Course

Binder

Surface

R9

14

Sampling

AASHTO T168

Frequently
Job-Mix

AASHTO T168Roadway

Density

Job-Mix
Tamping

134

Core x

Drilling

135

 R9

15

Testing

R9 02, R9 03, R9 04

R9

16

Measurement

Binder & Surface Courses

IntersectionsWidening

R9

17

Payment

R9 17

Actual & Specified thickness

a=A-{A*(AT/SY)}
a=

A=

AT=

ST=

136

Highway Design Manual

(1982)
Part II
Highway Design
2.6 Cross Section Element
2.6.02 Normal Cross Slope

Normal Cross Slope

3%
2.5-3%
2.5%
2.5%
1.5-2%
1.5%

Gravel Road, Stabilized Surfaces
Bituminous Surface Treatment
Bitumen Macdam, Carpets
Stone Block Paving
Asphaltic Concrete
Concrete Road

137


Sampling

Sampling

Sampling

138

Sampling

Asphaltic Cement
Sampling

139

140

Sampling

Sampling

141

142

General
Specification for
Roads & Bridges
Section

R11A

Precast Concrete Kerbs and

Footway Placing Slabs

Eng-Halmat@hotmail.com

143

 R11A 01Scope

R11A

02

Materials

BS 12: Part 2(1971)Cement

B8Structural ConcreteAggregate

GSRB

Mixtures

Homogeneous Concrete

Aggregate

R11A

03

Kerbs

Precast Dimensions

Concrete

Moulding

Hydraulic Pressure
Finer Particles

144

Tolerances

Freedom from Defects

Wearing

Homogenous

Volume Weight

145

Maturity
BS 340

BS 340

Laying

146

Concrete Class DY/20

Haunch

Hessian

147

Flagstones (Concrete
R11A 04 Paving Slabs)

xxDimensions

Moulding

Strength

Rate of Wear

Shaft

BS 368 (Appendix C)Absorption

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Absorption

AbsorptionVolume Weight

Laying Footways
R11A
05

R6Sub-Base

Bed
R11A 03 -7

R11A

06

Measurement

Kerbs

R11A 07

Payment

Sub-Base

149


Sampling

Sampling

Sampling

150


151