Independent-groups t test A parametric inferential test for comparing sample

means of two independent groups of scores.

Standard error of the difference between means The standard deviation of the
sampling distribution of difference between the means of independent samples in a two-
sample experiment.

Effect Size The proportion of variance in the dependent variable that is

accounted by the manipulation of the independent variable.

Cohen's d An inferential statistic for measuring effect size.

Correlated-groups t test A parametric inferential test used to compare the

means of two related (within- or matched- participants) samples.

Difference scores Scores representing the difference between participants'

performance in one condition and their performance in a second condition.

Standard error of the difference scores The standard deviation of the sampling
distribution of mean differences between dependent samples in a two-group experiment.

Wilcoxon rank-sum test A nonparametric inferential test for comparing sample

medians of two independent groups of scores.

Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks T test A nonparametric inferential test

for comparing sample medians of two dependent or related groups of scores.

Chi-Square test of independence A nonparametric inferential test used when

frequency data have been collected to determine how well an observed breakdown of
people over various
categories fits some expected breakdown.

Phi coefficient An inferential test used to determine effect size for a chi-square
test.