An Intensive Course in Tamil - Dialogues, Drills, Exercises, Vocabulary, Grammar, and Word Index-Central Institute of Indian Languages (1979) - (CIIL Intensive Course Series, 2) S Rajaram

AN INTENSIVE COURSE
IN TAMIL
CIIL INTENSIVE COURSE P^ÎES Z
G ENERAL Epi TOI^
M . S. THI RUJMi ^LAI
)
AN INTENSIVE COURSE
IN TAMIL
Dialogues, Drills, Exercises
Vocabulary, Grammar and
Word Index
S. R A J A R A M
CENTRAL INSTITUTE OF INDIAN LANG UAG ES
MYSORE-570006 INDIA
First Published in July 1979
Guru Poornima Ashadha Suddha4901
by D. P. Pattanayak, Director
Central Institute of Indian Languages
Printed at Central Institute of Indian
Languages Preiss, Mysore
^ Central Institute of Indian Languages
Price Rs. 74
No part of this book may be reproduced
' in any form without permission from the
publisher.
Contents
FOREWORD . . . y
EDITOR' S NOTE . . . vii
ACKNOWLEDG EMENT .. viii
I NTRODUCTI ON . . . ix
REFERENCES . . . xx
ABBREVIATIONS . . . xxi
TAMI L ALPHABET . . . xxii
UNIT LESSON
1 1 I am a Tamil teacher 1
2 He is a Malayalam student . . . 14
3 Is Tami l your mother tongue ? . . . 24
4 Is HMT a good watch ? . . . 38
5 At the hostel . . . 48
6 In the classroom . . . 62
7 Jawaharlal Nehru . . . 72
8 Whose umbrella is this ?. 83
9 In the hostel room . . . 93
10 Of what nature is Radha ? . . . 102
11 What is the number of this house ? . . . 117
12 Shopping . . . 125
2 13 What are you? . . . 132
14 With an officer . . . 143
15 India 151
16 Dresses . . . 158
17 How is Thanjavur ? ~ . . . 165
18 How is the weather in Mysore now ? . . . 175
3 19 Renting a hotel room . . . 183
20 About the hotel , . . . 192
21 Buying fruits . . . 199
22 At the dinning hall . . . 206
23 Do you know Tami l ? . . . 214
a I Contents
4
24 yisiting a friend's house
221
25 Buying a bus ticket
230
26 Boarding the bus
239
5
27 Going to the market
246
28 Preparation to go to Kanyakumarl
257
29 Receiving a friend
266
30 Sending off a friend
275
6
31 Writing home assignments 282
32 At the tiffin hall
291
33 Buying a saree 298
7
34 Receiving a telegram 304
35 Departing from the house 311
36 In the kitchen 319
8
37 Where did you study ? 325
38 When did you join the job ? 332
39 Wi ll you please give this book to him ? 342
9
40 Guiding to the Central Institute of
Indian Languages 351
41 With the peon ' . . . 359
10
42 Asking for recommendation . . . 366
43 Why do you worry so much for this ? . . . 373
11
44 Don't write the homework with
ball point pen 378
45 What do we do with legs ? . . .
' 385
46 Meeting a friend for recommendation . . .
392
47 Madurai 399
12
48 Consulting a doctor ... 409
49
With the servant boy . . . 416
50 Instructing a cook 424
13
51 We teach Tami l . . . 431
52 Morning duties 438
14
53 Are all the examinations over? 444
54 When is Sundaram coming from Madras ? . . . 451
15 55 I want to learn Tami l
56 Inviting a friend
57 Borrowing money from a friend
58 Expecting a guest to arrive
59
Do you know reading Marathi well ?
60
What should I do in the morning ?
16
61
With the station master
62 About a film
63 About an actor
64 Opening an account in the bank
65 About a musician
66 Over the telephone
67 About the smugglers
17
68 Asking way to Kanyakumari
69
Meeting a friend after sometime -
70
About the preparation for examination
71
About the examination
72 Consulting a teacher
73 The Moon
18
74 About the Garden
75 About the crops
76 Preparation to go to a doctor
77 Advice to the patient
19
78 Going to the Railway station
79 Hiring a taxi
80
Appointing a servant maid
81 The Mysore zoo
20
82 The crow and the fox
83 About a public meeting
84 Going to Madras
21
85
Going on a pilgrimage
86 At the post office
87 With the porter
22 88
Arranging a trip to Azhaharkoil
89 Going for a picnic
90 Intimation about a friend's arrival
iv I Contents
23 91 Ramayana
92 Visiting Thiruparankundram
93 Asking for a job
24 94 Holiday reading
95 About learning another language
Tamil newspapers and magazines
With the vegetable seller
An accident
The snake
With the dhoby
WORD I NDEX
25 96
97
98
99
100
Foreword
The Central Institute of Indian Languages was set up on the
17th July, 1969 with a view to assisting and co-ordinating the
development of Indian languages. The Institute .was charged with
the responsibility of serving as a nucleus to bring together all the
research and literary out-put from the various linguistic streams to
a common head and narrowing the gap between basic research and
developmental research in the fields of languages and linguistics in
India.
The Institute and its five Regional Language Centres are thus
engaged in research,and teiaching, which lead to the publication of
a wide-ranging variety of materials. Preparation of materials
designed for teaching/learning at different levels and suited to specific
needs is one,of the major areas of interest of the Institute. Basic
research relating to the acquisition of language and study of language
in its manifold psycho-social relations constitute another broad range
of its interest. The publications will include materials produced by
the members of the staff of the Central Institute of Indian Languages
and its Regional Language Centres and associated scholars from
Universities and Institutions, both Indian and foreign.
The Central Institute ofÎndian languages has initiated a
Basic Course Series in major Indian languages to provide suitable
and comprehensive material for learning and teaching the language
cpncerned for Indians. In a language teaching situation, the teacher
is expected to combine the roles of a psycho-linguist, socio-linguist,
linguist, language pedagogue, a creator of materials, a literary critic
and a testing and evaluation expert. Most of his competences are
naturally reflected in the materials, which simultaneously are graded
from simple to complex, known to the unknown and contrived to the
natural. This is a very difficult task. After research and experi-
mentation we have come out with more questions than answers at
each stage of the material. For example, how basic is basic? What is
grading? In what way can linguistic and cultural matter be graded?
Is question, with which most learning, begins, simpler than state-
ment ? How does one move from a purely language based
competence to.creating literary sensibilities? How does one build
into the material conceptual prose ? How are lessons to be presented ?
Should the translated discourse structure be made to look similar
to the original discourse structure ? Questions such as these
have been answered differently by different teachers and researchers.
vii An Intensive Course in Tamil
This search is a continuing phenomenon. Therefore, these materials
represent our unfinished education in this area.
The format for the basic course is the result of a consensus
arrived at by the lecturers and Principals of the five Regional
Centres of the Institute engaged in the teaching of major Indian
languages. This is the product of almost eight years of teaching and
research. This format is flexible and has left much scope for
individual authors to innovate. If these courses help the desirous to
learn and stimulate those interested in applied linguistics, with
special reference to the teaching of Indian languages as second/
foreign languages, then the Institute would feel rewarded.
1 congratulate the teachers, the trainees, the supervisors and
the press and publication people who have brought out the publica-
tion in a creditable manner.
(DEBI PRASANNA PATTANAYAK)
DilKtor
Editor's Note
The Intensive Course Series aims at imparting mainly a
proficiency in the listening and speaking skills of the language
learnt. The learning materials are presented in the script of the
language throughout; in the beginning several lessons are presented
in Devanagari as a prop. The books under this series do not provide
the learners with an introduction to the script of the language.
However, the traditional alphabetic chart of the concerned
language is given at the beginning of the book. In addition, the
learners are expected to paster the script of the language before
they actually use the lessons of the Intensive Course, For this they
are advised to use Script Books and Copy Books published by the
Central Institute of Indian Languages in its CIIL-KVS Series. For
Tami l, they can also use another publication of the Central Institute
of Indian Languages,^ viz., An Introduction to Tamil Script:
Reading and Writing.
Language teaching, in some sense, is an artificial activity.
It requires breaking the global language into, at times even
arbitrary, units. The books in this series are no exception to this
inevitable consequence of the model followed. This was, however,
borne in mind all through to keep the artificial element under
control.
Each Language learning manual in the Intensive Course
Series covers the "basic" structures of that language uped for certain
identified topics of common interest. Lessons are generally presented
in the form of conversations. These lessons are grouped under
various units.
The variables for the choice of dialebt through which the
materials are presented, the methods for the administration of
exercises and drills in the class, and other tips for both the,teacher
and the learner would be found in the introduction to eyery book in
the series. It should be emphasized here that the Intensive Course
Series is an integral part of the scheme of language teaching of the
Regional Language Centres of the Central Institute of Indian
Languages. Books in the Intermediate Course Series and the
Advanced Course Series are an extension of the books published
under the Intensive Course Series.
M. S. THI RUMALAI
Acknowledgement
An Intensive Course in Tami l is intended for teaching Tami l
as a second/foreign language.
I would especially like to express my indebtedness to Dr. D. P.
Pattanayak for his constant encouragement and valuable suggestions.
I am indebted to Dr. M. S. Thirumalai who has taken the pain of
reading the manuscript in an early and overinflated form and made
many helpful suggestions and finally edited.
I am thankful to Dr. E. Annamalai and Dr. K. V. V. L. Nara-
simha Rao, Principal, Southern Regional Language Centre with
whom I discussed many aspects of this book. I am also thankful
to my colleagues Dr. V. Gnanasundaram, Mrs. B. Syamalakumari,
Mrs. - M. N. Leelavathi, Dr. G . Subbiah, Dr. R. Panneerselvam,
Dr. K. Rangan, Mr. N. Nadaraja Pillai and Dr. G . Sankaranara-
yanan for many stimulating discussions and their criticisms of my
earlier part of this work and to Mr. N. H. Itagi who designed the
cover.
Of the many people who have helped me determine the
content and organisation of this book, I would particularly like to
thank several batches of students of Tamil at Southern Regional
Language Centre who have had this material tested on them and
who have been responsible for many modifications.
Finally, I should like to express my thanks and appreciation
to Mrs. Grace for expert typing, the Manager and the staff of the
Central Institute of Indian Languages Press and Sri H. L. N. Bharathi
for the neat execution of printing..
S. R.
Introduction
Language learning is a cornplex activity. Its success iis largely
determined by the method, medium, material and the motivation
of the learner. The highly organised curriculum and planning show
the way to achieve the educational goal with ease and rapidity.
The present Intensive Course emphasizes listening and speak-
ing skills. The Phonetic Reader, the Script Book, the Recall .
Vocabulary (semantically classified), the Hindi-Tamil Common
Vocabulary and several other reading and writing materials envi-
saged by the Central Institute of Indian Languages for use in the
basic course stage of its Regional Languages Training Programme,
may be used with profit along with this book.
The present book is intended mainly to be used in the basic
course stage of the Tami l language training programme "of the
Central Institute of Indian Languages. The entire training pro-
gramme has the duration of 10 months, i.e. about 1100 clock hours.
This period is divided into three stages, namely, basic course, inter-
mediate course and advanced course. The basic course has about
450 clock hours-of instruction with primary emphasis on the spoken
language. The present Intensive Course is the prescribed instruc-
tional material for the above mentioned course aiming at listening
and speaking skills in the basic level. , This bookcanbe very profi-
tably used as a text book also for any generalised second language-
Tamil course.
There are atleast three principles which characterize an
Intensive Course. They are (i) complete concentration on one
purpose (ii) high degree of curriculum organisation and planning
and (iii) the separation of the functions of teaching and drilling.
The first principle entails that (a) the learner concentrates on
the learning task ; (b) the teacher and the material producer present
the learning material in a systematic and consistent manner, taking
one step at a time and concentrating wherever possible on one
structure at a time. .
The second principle advocates high organisation and meti-
culous planning.. As the allocated time is precious and valuable the
careful planning of what is required by the student is indispensable.
The selection and, gradation of the linguistic patterns and the
presentation will certainly, facilitate the learher to acquire the
X I An Intensive Course in Tamil
language rapidly. Therefore, a high degree of organisation and
planning is one of the basic pre-requtsites of an intensive language
training course. The present book will cover 300 hours of intensive
instruction following a sequence of four basic steps, namely, presenta-
tion, explanation, repetition and transfer in the basic course stage.
The rest of the instructional hours will be devoted for such items as
script teaching, practice in the language laboratory, reading etc.
232 teachable linguistic patterns are carefully graded considering the
various factors like siinple to complex, known to unknown, relevance
of content to the user etc.
With regard to the third principle, there is a strong belief that"
the teacher who introduces patterns alone can do the better function
of drilling. But some scholars like Orrin Frink (1968) feel that it
is inadvisable to have the same teacher for both the functions. He ,
holds the opinion that to insure the optimum fulfilment of teaching
and drilling there should be a separation of responsibilities taken by
the teacher who introduces the patterns on the one hand and the drill
instructor on the other. Although this principle has no direct rele-
vance to the preparation of instructional material as such, the teach-
able patterns are covered in the body of the leeson and the drills
and exercises are presented separately after the body of the lesson.
Several linguists, both Indian and foreign have published
materials for teaching and learning Tami l as a second,,or a foreign
language.. Special reference may be made to the works of
Shanmugam Pillai (1965 ; 1968), Jothimuthu (1965), Kumaraswami
Raja and Doraswami (1966) SchiflFman (1971) Asher and Radha-
krishnan (1971) Samraj (1972), Subramoniam and Veeraswamy
(1973) Pattanayak etal (1974) and P. Kothandaraman (1975).
The present work takes into account the merits of the above
but differs from them in several ways in terms of selection, gradation
and presentation. Firstly, in the preparation of instructional
materials the 'methodics' in which the linguistic items and the peda-
gogical implications should be combined and properly blended. In
other words, there should be a proper co-ordination between the
list of linguistic items and the most appropriate sequences for
practical teaching should be pursued.
Secondly, as language is a social activity, utterances learned
and produced should be 'acceptable' and 'appropriate' to the be-
haviour patterns of the community in which it is spoken. The
criterion of'appropriateness' in many of the existing materials has
Introduction / xi
not been adequately considered. Asa result of this, the foreign
language learnt is not functional for communicative
purposes. It also leads the learners to utter sentences lacking
'authenticity'. Pattern practice and dialogues alone will not
be sufficient to meet the needs of the learner in communication.
"Activities such as pattern practice, dialogues, question-answers are
pretend' language learning activities" (Jakobovits : 1972). This
does not mean that these 'pretend' activities would not have any
impact on the process of language learning. The question is how
far these conversational transactions are 'real' and 'authentic'. It
is obvious that classroom cannot be a real conversational setting for
all purposes. Hence, it is quite imperative on the part of the
material producers to provide the learners with conversational rules
or the communicative rules of the speech community whose langu-
age is being learnt. The present book tries to overcome this problem
by providing the learners with many different types of conversations
in natural setting and also by giving varied drills. The notes at the
end of the lessons provide certain conversational rules. '
The following are the main and the sub-objectives of the basic
course offered at the Regional Language Centres of the Central
Institute of Indian Languages :
1 To perceive and reproduce the sounds and their meaningful
sequences.
Sub-objectives :
a To identify the sounds in their meaningful sequence,
b To discriniinate the sounds in their meaningful
sequence.
c To orally reproduce the sounds in meaningful sequence.
2 To be able to form sentences orally from given patterns
and lexical items.
3 To be able to converse with the teacher and with fellow
trainees on specified topics under controlled situations.
4 To be able to narrate specified events and topics orally.
5 To be able to read simple and graded passages with
comprehension.
Sub-objectives :
a To be able to recognize the letters of the alphabet in
isolation and in sequence.
b To be able to comprehend passages, containing simple
sentences.
xii I An Intensive Course in Tamil
6 Tube able to write simple sentences and giiided composi-
- tions on specilic topics.
Sub-objectives :
a To be able to write letters, words and simple sentences,
b To be able to write guided compositions 6n specified
topics.
Of the above objectives, the present Intensive Course is based
on the objectives 2 to 4.
With regard to the teaching method to be adopted, the
Central Institute of Indian Languages is highly convinced by theory
and experience that no single method can explain and guide second
language learning as a. developmental process. The complexity of
language teaching can be met only with flexible and many sided
procedures and techniques. Therefore, an integration of many
procedures into a method is highly appreciated. In this way, our
approach is "eclectic" which is open to all valuable suggestions from
dilferent methods.
The language variety used in this Intensive Course may be
described as the Standard Colloquial Tamil which is generally
considered as the spoken language of the educated non-Brahmins.
Unlike other instructional materials the present book adopts
the Tamil script for the presentation of the lessons from the beginning
to end. In Tami l, it is not uncommon to Write the .spoken forms in
Tamil script when the creative writers wiant to bring in reality.
But, the second language teaching materials follow a convention of
using Roman script from the beginning to end. Although the
Tamjl script, like any other script, is inadequate to'bring out
the natural pronunciation, using this script in a composite course
like the one visualised here will enable the learners to read the
written materials fluently at the later stage. Our experience
shows that the mastery of script can be achieved within ten clock
hours. Hence, the teacher is expected to ask the students to start
reading the text in the script of the language concerned. The
transcription here does not account for all the nuances ol the spoken
rythm. For example, the phenomenon of nasalisation which is
conimon to all the dialects'of Tami l is not represented. Various
writers use different devices to represent this phenomenon. But in
this Intensive Course no such device is used. However, the pronun-
ciation rules should be clearly stated before going into the details of
Introduction I xiii
the. text. For example, the vowels followed by the nasals eir and lit
are nasalized. That is, eil^^nrsor 'came-he' should be read as
vandaa and euQiîh 'come-we' should be read as varoo. The
English borrowed words are exceptions to this rule. Similarly, the
pronunciation rules have to be given by the teacher wherever
necessary.
The Tamil alphabet does not provide symbols for the voiced
stops in the word initial position in borrowed words and in the word
medial position after the homoorganic nasals. Similarly, no
symbols are provided for the fricative sounds that occur in the
intervocal position. Accordingly certain reading and speaking
conventions must be explicitly stated and explained to the class.
Allophonic variations of the stop phonemes are given below":
A / :
[k] :
<3i60Lb/ufr<i<35Lb
[g] :
[X], :
^rr<KLb
/c/: a= [c] :
[J]
ft/: iL
[t] :
i _tJu/r/ui lL_Lb
[d]
: uiih
A' /: js
[t] :
[d]
[3]
/P/: u
[p]
[b]
.[b] auih
N :
[s]
' 3=iieh)6ii^/eifOjeroeiJ
Similarly, there is no letter in Tamil which can be used to
represent the high back unrounded short vowel [t]. The letter a_
is used for both high back rounded short vowel [u] and high back
unrounded short vowel i . Therefore, a pronunciation rule has to
xiv I An Intensive Course in Tamil
be given that the letter a_ should be pronounced as [u] in the initial
syllable of a word and as [t] elsewhere.
[u] : (iptij.
/u/ a_ [t] sr p t bq, 6TLL(5
The texts of the first ten lessons are given in transcription in
Devanagari also. This will enable the learner to read the basic
patterns in the first class itself. As the learner acquires mastery over
the Tami l script he is expected to switch over from Devanagari to
the Tami l script. The Devanagari is used here as a crutch to learn
the pronunciation.
This Intensive Course consists of 25 Units which are
further divided into 300 lessons. Each unit consists of two or~ more
lessons. A unit is designed in such a way that it will cover a group
of related grammatical patterns of a major grammatical structure.
This is further divided into several teachable patterns. Each lesson
will cover atleast one of the structural patterns of the major
grammatical structure focussed in the unit. In other words, while
each lesson focusses on a strutcural pattern, the unit focusses on a
group of related structural patterns that form a single major gramma-
tical structure. Each lesson is to be used in the classroom for
three clock hours.
Each lesson, in turn, has six components, namely, dialogue,
drills, exercises, vocabulary, grammar and notes in order. Eacli
dialogue presents a meaningful situation with the introduction of
two or three teachable patterns. As the number of lessons increases
the patterns are reinforced in the subsequent lessons. However, the
other following components such as drills, exercises, grammar etc.,
focus more on those specific new patterns that are introduced in each
lesson. They are confined only to the new teachable patterns of a
particular lesson. However, the teacher may also use the previous
patterns for drilling as and when they are found necessary.
Each sentence in a dialogue is given immediate English
translation. But the translation does not maintain one-to-one
correspondence with the structural elements of the Tami l sentence.
The free English translation is provided to give general comprehen-
sion of the given sentence in particular and the dialogue in general.
The drills are designed to train the learner to speak through a
mastery of the basic structural patterns of the language. The drills
include variation drill, build up drill, expansion drill, question-
Introduction / jcv
answer drill, substitution drill, transformation drill and integration
drill. Each drill is administered to bring out automatic accuracy
arid speed of performance. In the present Intensive Course the
drills are carefully graded. Every drill starts from a single sentence
as an example of a particular pattern.
The drills are immediately foUoyved by different kinds of
exercises. As it is mentioned earlier, in a drill the learner's attention
is concentrated on giving a grammatically correct response whereas
in an exercise the learner has to find an appropriate answer. This
is a selected learning activity that is guided by clear and adequate
instructions. The exercises, in this Intensive Course, are carefully
organised to develop the learner's repertoire of performance strategies.
Since each exercise presupposes a certain amount of knowledge of
linguistic rules, the exercises immediately follow the structural drills
where the linguistic rules are practised and consolidated. Each
lesson has a number of exercises that are intimately connected with
the structure introduced.
The vocabulary items of each lesson are listed separately
according to the order of occurrence in the dialogue. This includes
only the items that occur for the first time. The English equivalent
is given against each item. This meaning is confined to the context
of reference in the dialogue. That is, the shades of meaning and
other relevant information of the use of an item are not given
in the present Intensive Course. However, the teacher has the
liberty of bringing the various uses of a vocabulary item wherever
felt necessary.
With regard to the selection of the vocabulary items and their
meanings a reference may be made to the Recall Vocabulary
(Semantically classified) and the HindiTamil Common Vocabulary
published by the Central Institute of Indian Languages. The above
materials weire the major source for selection. Similarity and
difference between the learner's language and the target language
may likely to result in ease or difficulty in acquiring the vocabulary.
The vocabulary items that ar-e similar in form and.in meaning,
similar in form but different. iij.:meaningj.similar, in meaning
but different in form and different -in form and in meaning
are carefully included taking mto-account different Indian
lahguages. Therefore, the teacher,may; make use of the above said
materials as extension to this Intensive Course in teaching vocabu-
lary. ,
\
xvi I An Intensive Course in Tamil
The grammatical explanations given in the present book are
functional in their nature. They are intended to cater to the needs
of a teacher to teach a leisson successfully and help the students in
understanding the structures. For the sake of convenience, each
pattern listed under variation drill is explained in detail and each
explanation is referred to by the number of the unit and the lesson.
In case, the grammatical explanation of a particular structure is
spread over more than one lesson the student is guided to refer back
for continuity.
Each grammatical note is followed by sandhi. The sandhi
rules are given in descriptive terms and the examples are listed
immediately. Every sandhi rule is reinforced in the subsequent
lessons by giving examples without the rule proper. However, the
numbersôf the sandhi rule ,the unit and the lesson in which the
sandhi rule occurred for the first time are indicated within brackets.
Each lesson ends with a cultural note, if any.
This Intensive Course has a word index as an appendix. The
words are listed alphabetically and each word is given with its
corresponding equivalent from the written language because the
difference between the spoken and the written varieties of
Tami l language is wide. This would be helpful for the learner to
understand the difference in pronunciation and ease the switch over
from spoken to written without much difficulty. The unit and the
esson numbers are also given against each word to enable the learner
to refer to its use in a context.
The following instructions will be found useful by the teacher.
1 The teacher should always bear in mind that a good
method is comprehensive and eclectic. The valuable
suggestions from different methods may be used whenever
the situation demands.
2 Acquisition of good pronunciation forms an important part
of language learning. The teacher should make the learner
to acquire the capacity to recognize the various speech
sounds and produce them in isolation as well as in sequences.
The phonetic drills in the Tami l Phonetic Reader may be
used for effective pronunciation drill. The meaning of the
words may be ignored at this stage.
Introduction / xvii
3 The articulatory description of a problem sound is a power-
ful prop. Facial diagrams can also be used. The contras-
ting pairs consisting of the problem sounds should be
administered for drills.
4 The script should be taught simultaneously with patterns.
To get a mastery over the orthography the teacher should
develop automatic association between written forms and
speech sounds. Devanagari script may be used for reading
until the learners master the Tamil script.
5 It is assumed that there will be a concurrent script teaching
class oh everyday of instruction. Hence the teachers may
illustrate the letters introduced in the script class with
words and phrases taken from the structures introduced.
6 The dialogues in this course are highly situation centered.
Before presenting the dialogue the teacher should prepare
the students for understanding the patterns to be introduced.
This can be done with the revision of the earlier lessons.
As the dialogues are mostly related to each other this
ground work can be done easily and successfully.
7 In introducing the pattern the teacher should pronounce
each sentence first, followed by a choral and individual
repetition of the same.
8 The teacher may bring many more contexts to teach the
structures involved. Thus, a communicative operation of
the language in use may be brought to the classroom.
9 Discourage the students from the habit of over-relying
on translation for comprehension. Make the students to
think in the foreign language as early as possible. In the
classroom make a minimum use of a language other than
the language being taught.
10 When new words are introduced special attention should be
paid by the teacher to their correct pronunciation before
they are used in the patterns.
11 A brief explanation,on the similarities and differences of
the patterns introduced in the lesson with reference to the
learner's mother tongue may be given by the teacher
provided he has a complete mastery over the learner's
mother tongue.
xviii I An Intensive Course in Tamil
12 In administering drills the teacher should not slow down
from his natural speed.
13 The intonation pattern of each sentence as found i n con-
versation should be maintained when it is given iii isolation
for drilling.
14 The teacher should riot mimic the learner's mispronuncia-
tion.
15 Many of the exercises may be administered orally also.
The teacher should always remember that the exercises
should be used for written task only after the oral adminis-
tration is over.
16 The grammar teaching is necessary to impart a knowledge
of the basic structural principles. The learner must be
described the structure nontechnically as far as possible.
17 In teaching grammar, the learner must be taught the
terminology which will act as a convenient system of
reference for the explanation. Being an adult and already
educated, the learner may not have much difficulty in
learning certain technical terms and understanding the
metalanguage.
18 The learner need not be compelled to memorize the
grammatical rules. He learns himself many things by
analogy and analysis. Moreover, the drills and exercises
are organised in such a way as to impose a particular
grammatical rule indirectly.
19 The internal and external sandhi should be explained ade-
quately. This may be represented in the form of rules as
the learner is likely to be familiar with sandhi rules of his
mother tongue.
20 The teacher should supply the learners with additional
cultural notes wherever found necessary.
21 Testing is an essential ingredient in any teaching situation.
The teacher should undertake the preparation of skillwise
tests. The testing techniques such as translation, dictation
composition, multiple choice items, short answer items etc.,
should be used,in the classroom. Careful analysis on the
part of the teacher is highly expected in preparing and
scoring test items.
Introduction / xix
22 The teacher should use audio-visual aids wherever feasible.
These have to be prepared by the teacher following the
materials to be presented in the class. These may include
picture cards, wall pictures, flannel board and cut outs,
puppets, film strips, tapes, records, films, television and
so on.
23 Each lesson is potential enough for the teacher to prepare
supplementary materials. Therefore, he may prepare the
same as and when necessary taking into consideration of the
time factor.
Many more instructions are commonly found in the books on
language teaching methods. The teacher is expected to get acquain-
ted with them for eflfective and systematic teaphing.
References
AS HER, R . E . and RADHAKRI SHNAN. R. (1971) A Tamil Prose Reader.
London : Cambridge University Press,
FRI NK, ORRI N. (1968) Intensive Language Training in The Study of
Foreign Languages. New York : Philosophical Library Inc.
JAKOBOVITS, LEON A, (1972) Introduction (Authenticity in FL Tea-
ching) in Savignon, Sandra J . Communicative Competence : An
Experiment in Foreign Language Teaching. Philadelphia, Pa :
The Center for Curriculum Development Inc.
JOTHIMUTHU, P. (1965) A Guide to Tamil. Madras : Christian
Literature Society.
KOTHANDARAMAN, P. (1975) A Course in Modern Standard Tamil.
Madras : International Institute of Tami l Studies.
KuMARASWAMY RAJA, N. and DORASWAMY, K . (1966) Cornersa-.
tional Tamil. Annamal&inagar : Annamalai University.
PATTANAYAK, D. P.. THI RUMALAI , M . S. and RANG AN, K . (1974)
Advanced Tamil Reader, Part L Mysore : Central Institute of
Indian Languages.
RAJARAM, S. (1972) Tamil Phonetic Reader: Mysore: Central
Institute of Indian Languages.
(1973) Hindi-Tamil Common Vocabulary. Mysore :
Central Institute of Indian Languages.
(1973) Recall Vocabulary-Tamil (Semantically
classified) (mimeo). Mysore: Central Institute of Indian
Languages.
and PANNEERSELVAM, R. (1975) Tamil Script Book
(mimeo). Mysore : Central Institute of Indian Languages.
SAMRAJ, S. (1972) Tamil Vol. I (Tamil as a Second Language).
Mussoorie : National Academy of Administration.
ScHiFFMAN, H . (1967) Reader for Advanced Spoken Tamil. Part I
and IL Washington : University of Washington.
SHANMUG AM PILLAI, M . (1965) Spoken Tamil Part L Annamalai-
nagar: Annamalai University.
(1968) Spoken Tamil Part IL Annamalai-
nagar : Annamalai University.
SUBRAMONIAM, V . I. and VEERASWAMY. T . V . (1973) Intensive Course
in Tamil. Trivandrum : University of Kerala.
Abbreviations
A
Abl.
Aff.
Goncess.
Cond.
Dat.
excL
fem.
Fut.
inch
Inf.
Inst.
Loc.
masc.
N
Neg.
non-hum.
Obj.
Pa. '
pl. ,
Pr.
Q
Rel. Part
S
sg.
sg. hon.
Soc.
Subj.
V
Verb. Part
Answer
Ablative case
Affirmative
Concessive clause
Conditional clause
Dative case
exclusive (pronoun)
feminine gender
Future tense
inclusive (pronoun)
Infinitive
Instrumental case
Locative case
masculine gender
Noun
Negative
non-human
Objective case
Past tense
plural
Present tense
Question
Relative Participle
Sandhi
singular
singular honorific
Sociative case
Subject
Verb
Verbal Particinl<;
Tamil Alphabet
Vowels
V ,
Consonants
^ nsj i = i l COTT
^ /B t J 11) i Lf rr
6b fill ( P &r p w
J
(5 G
S g
G G G
^ S i l l
G G
J ef
O O ^
I d I
b t
G G
fe b
D 9
(3 Q
Si) 53
3 I-
G G
5
G G
J 1
63 y 3
J .
G G G
la a.
G G
a 9
3 e3.
3 9
G G
3 ^
3
G G
I) I :3) 9) ^
J * S - 1 ^ ^ a 3-
6 ^ % si
a a *9 ^ b
b b b
g t
I 3 I S 1 3 ^
^ w i % J
la isL 9 3 to-
(S. -la -2 -9 -3 -b
&i 60 601T 6& eS 2;
6U 611 6vnt CJ? 61? 6i/
y> y> m (a>
err err entT syf* erf (grj
ib ro fl? iff Sil
eir 91 ^ fP 6sf bgy
Aaytam
Grantha letters
6110 ^
Q60 Geo QeoiT Qeon GISOOT
Qsu Geu Qeun Qean GleuOT
C| p
6ro(p G)y>rT Glptr 6)y?6TT
&
Qerr GOT Bsn GeniT (olfiTTOT
m anip
Qesr G($9) QesTjsfT
9 o
UNIT 1
LESSON 1
I AM A TAMIL TEACHER
DI A L O G U E
TrCsjTfiî : eusmaaiiia.
gl ? T: wn^^ I
Sr^t^tfih : a_mi<s Cn(5 eresrsBr ?
UJBjS.
ViiTuifefeam, Sir.
Vandkham. Who are you ?.
J am a Tamil Student,
What is your'name ?
My name is Suresh Pant.
21 An Intensive Course in Tamil
@LD(r/T.
: ^ ^ ^ ] \ I
<B-G!ra% ; ereir aarjij Gucj
GjrfrsjiD^ffi.
ereir 2ar(5 Gu(5
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
1.1.1. j6(r65r ^Si?iuesr.
/ffmidB tD(rssrsu(5.
uj(r(5 ?
;ff/Ej<5B ULjfr(5 ?
Who is he?
He is a Kannada student, Sir.
What is his name ?
His name is Mr. Kumar.
Mr. Suresh, what is your native
place ?
My native place is Rohtak.
My name is Sundaram.
My native place is Thiruttani.
I am a Tamil teacher.
1.1.2. sTsir Gu(5 i9rC(ra%u^ji.
a_/B/6B GU(5 STfiSrSBT ?
3ff ^ '?==^?
Lesson 7/3
1.1.4. jBTsir .^.^fPujesr.
Build up drill
^^fPujsir
^6U(5 aeBreuri iDTesjrrsu.
^liUlcKjl
ID frssfff 61/(5
+i|U|c|<J +ll''lci
6B6iJr6srj_
sBesreOTi ix>/T9in'gU(5
jSiiis uJiT(rf)?
^liia 10/7(5 ?
m ?
uj/r(/5 ? uj/r(5 ?
41^?
ffT6Jr CL/(5 jBs55r">-
^ 1
g=^^
Gu(5 GU(5 *jBjS7tb
^5
CTsir Gu(5 arjBjSlTifl.
.1.3. sTsir asr(5 Gu(5
Gfr/r^JDâ.
.^su(i^ 2ar(5 Gu(5
c9jsii(5 aar(5 Gu(5 STSBTSST?
a_mj 2ar(5 Gu(5 eresresr?
(v) GLJ(5 ermem ?
W ^ ?
Cu(5 erenesT ?
(vi) eTsr fifir(5 Gij(5 ^^^êssP.
fNccrK
GLJ(5
fflflr
CT6ffr
(vii) a_mia SM(tf) Gu(5 srssreffr
GL;(5 eresTesT ?
3W
c. Expansion drill
(i) ffiireir ^fiiPiueir.
3fTf%fWf I
(iii) c9/su(5 LD)rs5rsu(5.
a_(Bi Cu ffTSJTSBr ?
GU(5 6T6OT65r ?
aL.IGI65 GlJ(5 ffT6Srin' ?
cTsar &sr(5 Guf/j ^(T^^^SSISP,
Sisir0 CLJ(/5 {^(/jjSjSsiisf'
sTcJr Esr(/5 Gu([5 j f ^j S j sesi f .
si_mi6B fiar((5 Gu(5 erasrssr ?
Gu((5 sTSBreBT ?
asir(5 Gij(5 erekm ?
^ q^'f'^?
a_mj 2isir((5 Gufj STWAST ?
;3g"35^q?^?
/B/rsir dit'^'PuJsir.
Lesson 1 /
d. Question-Answer drill
(i) Q lunfii^ ?
A ; /B/r65T LDtremsTeussr.
(ii) Q ; a_/Biffi Gu^j ST&STSST ?
3S= q^ ?
A : CTSBT GU(5 <B-G761% UfB^'
(iii) Q : 55/6U(5 ojffj^?
e. Substitution drill
(i) c9/su(5 U3(r6!n-su(5.
Substitute
(ii) ^siJ(5 d?j,<#'fPu-/(!5.
Substitute
(iii) fftssr Gu(5 <9r/B^!rii).
Substitute
3W
f. Transformation drill
(i) VbtTSlT cJ^^rPtUSBT.
^ ^ 3 1i % f t F r i
c9(j(5 iin'e93reU(5.
(iv) Q: ^fiU(5 Gu(5 eraireifr ?
(v) Q: 2J_(B)<B ffiar(5 G u
6T65T6Sr ?
A ; ffT6sr ffiar(5 Gu^j
G!r(rgiiDjS'
. ^ ^ 'd^^clÎ
eresr G u *;BiS?u5-
6 I An Intensive Course in Tamil
a_(Bi Gu(5 sTssreBT ?
^ g ^ I
(iii) ffTCJr saar(5 GL/(5 C/7-Tpb<S.
E XE R C I S E S
g. Fill in the blanks using the cues given in parentheses as in the model
given below.
^pr i rrwT i
(i) .CLf(5 arCjrei^ up,p, (my)
tt^#{TCR?;i (my)
(ii) ......ujif(5 ? (you) . '
^? (you)
(iii) .. Cu(5 CTsSrsBT ? (your)
^ ? (your)
(iv) ujir ? (that-he)
JTR f (that-he>
(v) CLJ(5 @u3fr/r. (that-his)
I (that-his)
(vi) ^6U(5 ? (who)
Sra^ ? (who)
(vii) jBrrsJr ^tfijp (student)
sfFT cffrig,^ ' (student)
(vii)jB(T6ir..., (teacher)
?rpT I (teacher)
; (ix) ^(rsir tDirswreudr (Tamil)
5TPT HTWT I (Tamil)
Model :
cTfrr^^'lTTWr I (I)
Lesson J / 7
(x) eresr <9rC>{r6i% u^jS. (name)
IT^. . . . . . . . cp cT I (name)
(xi) eresr.: Cu ^(rT,^^mP. (native place)
^tfr^ccrfori (native place)
h. Fill 'in the blanks using the corresponding oblique/possessive forms of the
given pronouns.
(i) ffinm- 5^<#/Puj6Br.
Tpr anf t l f t ' Bi
Gu(5 arJBjSîi).
^g ^WI
(ii) 0mis ii!T6tisTeu(!^.
^ I
..Gu(5 *(Itr6i%ujB<s.
(iii) t9/S)j(5 amesTiLD/reBarcu.
Cu(5' @ic/r/r.
^ W ^ l
i. Fill in the blanks using the appropriate pronouns of the given possessive
forms.
(i) 2_(Bi Gu((5 arC(rsjûfBjS.
îByi mffSBursu. ^
cT^^ ^v^m I
(ii) sTsir Cu *^jS(ru>.
^.^rffajsir.
anft r fwr i
(iii) tS(6U(5 GiJ(5 (gin/r/r.
. . . . . . aB6sr6in-i_ iD/reuBrsucj.'
. . . . . . g5^ TIPr ^ I
j. Give the corresponding possessive forms of the following pronouns.
(i) jbTosr : (iii) ^liia:
: =ftff :
(ii) c9<6U(5 ;
31^5:
k. Match the following,
(i) fiirm
ipirmreum
1. Frame questions for the answers given below following the model.
Model: A*, /BTOT c^rf'iPtusBr.
Q; jSi^si UJ)T(5 ?
(i) /BTsir tcTfiOTTSurfr.
(ii) eT65r Gu(5 *;SjS!rti).
(iii) ermaar Cu
m. Here is some information. Put it all together in one sentence using the
same order as in the example given below.
Example : ^su
cS/SU 2i_(Blffi ^,#)flUJ(!5.
(i) ffinesT
'uj6sr
(ii)
Lesson 1/9
(iii) jBfffiBT
uiitaifreueir
(V)
(iv) ^61/(5
(vi) cfSU(5
(vii) jffrE/a
fflsr
eresr65T
(viii)
TO
n. Join the following according to the sandhi rule,
(i) aesrsBTL-ii) + uafrewTsu
6ffreari_U) + ^îfiU(rf, ...
^fy^^ + STTf M^
o. Answer the question,
(i) ^liis UJ(r(5 ?
(ii) e_mi Cu GTssreir ?
(iii) a_m/6B aar G u CTCsrair ?
^ ^ ^ f ?
(iv) ffi_(Bi65 c!^#fPuj(5 Gu(5
eresresr ?
101 An Intensive Course tn Tamil
V O C A B U L A R Y
euema&ih Vanakkam
jgm/a 'you (sg. hon.)'
gur^qjf^ '(Good morning/
Good afternoon etc.)' fiireir T
uj/r(5 'who'
iD/rarorsusBT 'student'
îBy> 'the Tamil language''
Cu(5 'name'
S-iiia 'your (sg. hon.)'
sreir 'my'
eresresr 'what'
aesresri(ih) 'the Kannada
<:9/6U(5 'that-he (sg. hon.)'
^ ^ C F i ; ) language
ifcfoiT 'mister'
c5/6U(5 'that-his'
^SiPiuair 'teacher'
aar 'native place'
3)^
G R A M M A R
1.1.0. This Unit introduces a special type of sentence called the equational
sentence. It consists of two nouns or noun phrases, one being the subject and
the other predicate. Among various types of sentences, this is the most basic
sentence type in Tamil. See the following sentence.
1. 1. 0. fiiresr ^fiifiuesr.
Note that there is no verb meaning 'to be' in this sentence. That is to say,
there is no copula verb (as 'is' and 'hai' in English and Hindi respectively).
This Unit, in twelve lessons, discusses all the major constituents of a noun
phrase. However, the variants of different constituents of a noun phrase are
being elaborately discussed in subsequent units,
1.1.1. Pronouns in general are defined syntactically as a special class of noun
phrases which avoid repeating information the sentence has already given.
This lesson, in particular introduces the personal pronouns of Tamil. In Tamil,
the pronouns distinguish grammatical categories of person, number and
gender. They distinguish person, namely, first person, second person and
third person. The first and the second person pronouns refer to the speaker and
the person spoken to respectively whereas the third person refers to the person
proximate to the speaker and the person remote from tê speaker. They also
distinguish number, namely, singular and plural, fiiresr JTT^ ' I' is the first
person singular prohdun. See the following example :
Lesson 1 / //
1. 1. 1. fiirair ^îPtuar.
fiiiia 'yon' is originally a second person plural pronoun. It is used here
to denote second person honorific singular. Example :
1. 1. 1. lEiiia icTfiBsrsu.
c9/EU(5 'that-he' is a third person singular honorific pronoun. Example :
1. 1. 1. <5JSU(5 irKTSsursu.
UJT 'who' is a pronoun which can question any human noun or noun
phrase in a sentence.
1. 1. 1. ;f(HJ6B tunr ?
As pronouns, nouns are also inflected for number and gender in Tamil, -^m
is a mastuline singular suiSx. Example :
1. 1. 1. jBTsir s^-^/Pujesr.
-=S(C5 "31^ ' a" epicene plural suffix which is used to denote singular
honorific.
1. 1. 1. ;fff5/a ixj/rararsii.
1.1.2. The personal pronouns will have corresponding oblique bases when
they are inflected for case. These oblique bases in isolation have the meaning
of'possessive' in Tamil, srsir ^T[îs the corresponding oblique base of the first
person singular pronoun firrsir ^fpi.'!'- 1* has the possessive meaning of' my' .
Example:
1. 1. 2. ersir Cu (!r6% U/BJB-
ffi_rei 3^ ' your' is originally the oblique base of the second person plural
; f (BJ Jft^ ' you'. It is used here to denote the oblique base of the second
person singular honorific pronoun 0m}s jft^. It has the possessive meaning
of'your'. Example:
1. 1. 2. a_fBj Cu T6Br5r?
12 I An Intensive Course in Tamil ,
The oblique base of the third person singular honorific pronoun (remote) is
identical with the nominative.
1. 1. 2. ^fi u CeU(5 @tDn-(r.
1.1.3. As we have seen earlier, the equational sentence type may have a noun
or noun phrase as its subject, ereir aar Gu l?^v3i^ tf^ 'the name of my
native place' is a noun phrase which occurs as the subject of the sentence l. l. S-
UflT GL/(J5 ?^ is a kind of compound noun in which the noun can be
expanded with possessive meaning 'the name of the native place'. Example:
1. 1. 3. erssr aar Gu QîrfUDâ.
erssTGST if 5=?f 'what' questions non-human noun phrase in a sentence. Example :
1. 1. 3. a_mi6B aar(5 Gu ffrsircuT ?
1.1.4, Similar to 1.1.3 the first two sentences in 1.1.4 have noun phrases as their
predicates, jzi^fp K^îPium d Rl ^ 317%^^^ 'the Tamil teacher' is a noun
phrase which occurs as the predicate of the first sentence in 1.1.4. It is a kind
of compound noun in which the noun can be exapanded with meaning 'the
teacher who teaches Tamil language'. Example :
1. 1. 4. jBircBT îBy} ^îPiueir.
Sandhi 1. ih is dropped when liis is added. Example:
euemsaih + liia > euessTmsuiia
Sandhi 2. The word final-liis dropped when the word functions as a
modifier of another noun. Example:
aetfresriih + tcffsiwrsu ^sesresriLOfresirsu-
Notes: eusssraaii qu|cfc|5+i 'Vanakkam' is the most common greeting among
Tamil ians accompanied by folded hands. It is used when a person meets
another person. This greeting can be used at the time of parting also.
-liis is the honorific marker. This can be added to any sentence to show
the speaker's politeness and respect to the hearer. Example :
31^ JlPIofW I
Lesion 1 / 13
The honorific and non-honorific distinction in the sentences such as jpitwr
^rfi/PuJSJT ?rP[ arrf^ftq'l^ 3"*^/B"' ^ ^^fPi u TFI^ aTTf^rtTq? has a social
implication that the speaker is more polite when he uses non-honorific form
.^^.^fPujCTT srrfM^q' i. whereas impolite ^hen he uses honorific form ^Sûj(i^
an'f'JTftq? I That is, ^nasr ^Sftum TFi^ 3frf%jtq^ is more polite than
U N I T 1
LESSON 2
HE IS A M AL AY AL AM STUD ENT
DI A L O G U E
@S)j(5 Gu(5 6B(rrb^60rr>.
T #no5 i nÎ
anfiêonoJ : euessrAsih.
ftjBjS(ru>: c9jeu( Cu uili/fiiruja.
Mr. Suresh, he is a Malayalam
student. His name is Mr. Gandhilal.
Vanakkam, sir.
Vanakkam.
His name is Mr.. Pattanayak.
UDiremeudf,.
s r ^ci ^f TTWÎ
uiLifirriua.
: quiet*4^, q p f F l ^ I
uiLijbiTUJa : sufiroraaib.
6TtfBI tfBI' ?
g ^ : fei; qf sTf i???r ?
qf ^ nq^ : ?5 3 ^ f ^ I
Mg H N* : f wf I ?5 qi ^' -yw^M I
uj(5 ujT(5 ?
g ^ : ^ STTf^ftq? TO ?
qpr TOJ : ftf^ f ^ ^ T T ^ I
DRI LLS
a. Variation drill
Lesson 2 / 15
He is a Telugu student.
Vanakkam, Mr. Pattanayak,
Vanakkam.
Mr. Pattanayak, what is thit ?
This is a book.
Is that a novel ?
No. This is a text book.
Who is your Telugu teacher ?
Mr. Viswanadham (is my Telugu
teacher.)
1.2.5. êu( wQecmjiren ui/rswrsu.
^su(5 lurr ?
f ^T O ?
s9/fiU(5 uj/r ?
3r a^ TO?
1, 2. 6. qcfUjsaii).
cS/gJ ffTfiirssr ?
6T6JT65T ?
1. 2. 7. /BTsusOT ?
uf r i _ u L/sfOjSSLnrr ?
b. Build up drill
(i) u5(olouj/TTr uifrfiTOTsu.
^ ^ qj oS TT"! ^ I
LDn'OTBTeU
f i W f 1
S WT
(iii) /BTSU6V)/T ?
(iv) Uffi U qsfO^dSLDff ?
qr ^ c g ^ c T W ?
^6^(5 Lotolsoujfrsrr tDfrswreu
LoGlsoiUfrcrr ip/ressrsu
^6U(5 usGlsoiiJirsrr icfrewTsu
l-/ft)cS6BLb
/Birsueo/r ?
/B/reueu/r ?
Lttson 21 17
c. Expansion drill
(i) @U((5 ifl/rswTsu.
icGlsoaj/rsrr tDfrssffrsu
(ii) c9<6U(/5 uoTSKffrsiLi.
sra^HFigÎ
(iii) <^gJ qsfo^saBiD/r ?
UfTiLJ q6ro<sixifr ?
3T1 "TT^cq^cT?^ ?
^sii(5 LoGlsOiiJ/rsrr infrswrsu.
;i*|SD{/5 LOffSTOTSU.
^ 5 TT^g^cTfHT ?
(i) Q: @u ojfr ?
A : ^6U(5 iBQsOMJfrsrr uj/remTsu.
(ii) Q: sreirsisr ?
A : c9/g; qerOjSau).
3f^5^f( I
(iii) Q: ,:9<gj fstrei/sOT ?
(i) @su(5 luQsoujfrsn- iBTsrorsi/.
Substitute
^6U(5 LoQcOUJiTOT UHTfiVST'fU.
^6H(5 uD/rssireii.
a6ireiiTi(ih)
(ii) ^)su(5 Gu(5 sn^êoirA).
^ ^ ^ *rlc{<!iid I
Substitute
sTsJr
(iii) Ljeio^sib.
Substitute
/Btfiusb
f. Transformatoin drill
(') ^qsrUjaaifl.
/Bfrsufib.
st i ^nÎ
(ii) dWg/ jB/reuaJ.
L/erUisau).
^Jtfq^M 1
c9/6U(5 Gu(5 aT/Bjêoireb.
sra^^ I
STSBT Gu a/r/Bj^co/reb.
SL-iiim Gu 0 /r^jisOT6b.
L/sfOjSaii.
/Bfreueb.
ereirfisr ?
ersaresr ?
^(TSUSOff 7
3Jf5TT^?
3IiqT^Dg?cW?
Lesson 2/79
EXERCISES
g. Fi l l in the blanks using the cues given in parentheses as in the model
given below.
Model: ^ s u mirerorsu. (Malayalam)
1^ I
^6U(5 wQeoujrm us/reiwrsu,
(i) êij(!f) inrawrsu, (Telugu)
TTPig^ 1 (Telugu)
(ii) qf0jB<5X), (this) ^
3^pr I (this)
(iii) /BfTsysb, (that)
Tr a^ I (that)
(iv) j) (what)
STI ? (what)
(v) ^1 (novel)
?1 I (novel)
(vi) (book)
3 1 5 I (book)
(vii) (text book)
(text book)
h. Fill in the blanks using the corresponding oblique'forms of the given
pronouns.
(i) ^6U(5 LDQeoiuireir infressrsu.
Gu(5 ffifr/Bj^fiOTfib,
^ ^r-^dl^rf I
(ii) c9)6U(5 Qja92;/5i@ toffeweu,
Gu(5 UL.i_;B/ruj,
^ M g H H * ^ I
i . Fi ll in the blanks using the appropriate pronouns of the given oblique forms,
(i) Gu siT^^soirai.
l ^ ^ c b l R c l i d I
i tD(ol60UJ(r6rr inirsnffrsii,
4<riqic6 Wm^ I
(ii) t9jsu(5 Gu( 5 uili_/B(rujia. , . .
GljSg2/nsi@ u)/r8sr6K(|5.
c f i f I T P I ^ I
j . Give the corresponding oblique forms of the following pronoun's.
(i) ^nesr t ; (ii) /ffrei* :
Tpr : ^ : -
(iii) =/fiU(5 ; (iv) ^fiu :
: ? ^ :
k, Transform the following into questions using who in the predicate
position.
(i) assreuri mnemeu^rT).
(it) ^sij(5 UiQeotunefT w(Temsii(r^.
(iii) Z-mta ^tfi?uj(^ s&eiOsuibiTîh,
1, Frame questions for the answers given below following the mjdels.
Model : A-. L/srO^ffiib.
(i) qsroâi i ) .
(ii) /BTSWeb.
(iii) Ufriu qsro-sati.
Model : A: êbQso, un-i_Lj L/srOjsatii.
f?^, 3?^ qrgcg^cifH I /
(i) @i3(o)su, &iT^êoird> LoQeoiurrsn to/rssirrsu.
(ii) ^sbGlso, UL-irbiTiuA Q^^rii(^ LD/TSKBTCU. , ,,
(iii) ^s bQs o, U/TI_LJ qefOjSai i ) .
m. Each question at the left side has
the correct answer.
(i) jbireueon ? .
(ii) a/r/B^surreb Q^guiii^
iLiremeuifiT ?
(iii) uiLiptiTiuA smesTL-
miTsmeviîT 1
Lesion 2 j 21
two answers at the right side. Write
(a) ^sbGlfi O, c5f/g/ /B/rei/sb.
(b) ^sbQf i O, c9/gJ uiTiU L/crOjSaii.
(a) ^sbQf i O, aufiêoirA)
LoQÔILIITSrT IDfrSSBTSU.
(b) êbOso, afr/BjJsOTsb G)^g2jiEj@
icn-euBTeu.
(a) ^6b(olso, ULLL_/D(ruj (o)^g2;mj@
iDirsirarsjj.
1^, qf JITOJ c%f TTFraÎ
(b) êbG leo, ULLi_jB(ruja meiram
Lorressreii.
n. Join the following according to the sandhi rules.
(i) jbirevA) +
flT^^T + 3fT:
qsTUjBi2) + :
. q?cT?fr + 3TT:
qRcq?cT?iT + STJ:
a/r^jfi cOTsb + ^ :
+ an J
(ii) iflT6B5reU(5
^TFm + Sir:
^rflfPuj + ^ ;
si i Ri fw + srr:
siJc5 + ^ : .........
+ 3?T:
. G)i8@2/(BJ(g + ^ ;
+ STT:
o. Answer the questions.
(i) siTp>^6Cneb QjB^nsi Lonrawrfiufr/r ?
(ii) uL-ijbiriuA aêsri utiremajfrir ?
MgHH* ^F^ HI"N<I?
(iii) jffreja ujQcimj/rsrr innessreuffiT ?
(iv) a_rua d^^rPiu uj/r ?
V O C A B U L A R Y
'this-he (sg.hon.) i>Qeoujiiefr(ih)
'the Malayalam
m^\o5 (^)
language'
'this-his'
'the Telugu
language*
that'
'this'
'book' novel'
no'
uiTtu qsf Oj S at i 'text book
G R A M M A R
1.2.5. While the first and the second person pronouns refer to the speaker and
the person spoken to respectively, the third person refers to the person proxi-
mate to the speaker or the person remote from the speaker. Hence, third person
pronouns are also called demonstrative pronouns. ^ and gf are
the demonstrative bases to denote proximity and remoteness respectively.
^ - in ^su(5 this-he' and Sf- in ^êu 'that-he' denote
respectively proximity and remoteness. See the following sentences.
1. 2. 5. @SU(25 uaQeoiuiTSfT iBtremeua^.
s r a ^ c ^ f T F i g ^ i
1.2.6. f l 'this' and STg 'that' are neuter demonstrative pronouns.
Example :
1. 2. 6. L/6UjSti .
c9/gi /B/rsueb.
1.2.7. <:9jgi /BTfiuso/T ? 3f5 T I ^ T ? 'Is it a novel ?' is a yes-no question in
Tamil. It is expressed by an overt question m a r k e r I t can be added to
any word of a sentence other than the modifier of a noun phrase. Example:
1. 2. 7. tS/g/ /BtsueOfr ?
Ti g^?
argcfT ?rT^?
Sentences 1.2.7 are yes-no questions which anticipate an answer 'yes' or 'no'
from the hearer. This lesson introduces only the negative answer which is
expressed by the negative verb ÂiQeo 'no'. Example:
Lesson 2/23
1. 2. 7, uiTiu qsOjSuD/r ?
The negative can be expressed in three ways :
(i) negating what is asked by the speaker using ÂiQeo | ^ 'no'.
Example:
1. 2. 7. c9/gJ jbiTsueoiT ?
^ I
(ii) negating what is asked by the speaker using ^sbffso 'no' and
giving the answer. Example :
1. 2. 7. uiTiu L/sfoâtonr ?
(iii) negating by using êbQeo 'no' with the negative of what is
asked by the speaker and giving the answer. (Refer 1,3.11.)
This lesson introduces only the first and the second type of negation.
Sandhi 3, The word final -a_ is dropped when it is added to a word or
particle, beginning with vowel. See the following examples.
icfreBSTsu -f LDrressTsu^jiT
sra^ + aiT smi
iTiQeOiunenih + in/rsssrei/ > inQeotuiretr wiremeutrf)
uiTiiii + qstOjSaiii > uiri L/sf0j5ii (Refer S. 2 in 1,1),
qr ^ + q^^ff qr^ 5^5*^
Sandhi 4, The word beginning consonants such as i^y, ^ c^, and u q
are doubled when they are preceded by another word as a modifier. Example '
qr? + q ^ ^ q r ^ c g ^
V
UNIT 1
LESSON 3
IS T AMI L Y OUR MOTHER T ONGUE ?
DI A L O G U E
uiebeoiLuuiT : ^dia ujir ?
insbeouJiuiT : a_n5j siar ?
: ^ tff^ft^1
: ^ cTft^n ?
Who are you ?
1 am a teacher.
Y our native place ?
My native place is Thiruthani.
Are you a Tamilian ?
cnqFiiffe crf'isT ?'
ujsbfiOujujir : ^sbQso. STOTT JS/TUII
Glto/rySi iSuSjp ^sbQn).
OjSgZ/'B'. sreir Gu
g?^: sr ^? TO?
u-i' êu(tr, îTvu
Quj/ry? U(^*/rLS'.
t^ns^ <it?<>"ii<wÎ
2L_nsi jSfruJQLDTySi assrsBr
L_us/r ?
amesTLâaiTiâ^ ; inebeo-
luiniT g>(5 Sl^g^'E'*-
a5/r(r(5 ; ^su gj
ujmiffi, ^sbGco ?
Lesson 3 / ,25
Yes, I am a Tamilian. Is Tamil ypui
mother tongue ?
No. My mother tongue is not Tamil.
My mother tongue is Telugu. My
name is Mallaiah.
Who is he ?
He is a Professor. His mother tongue
is Punjabi. He is Mr. Krishnarao.
Mr. Krishnarao, is Kannada
your mother tongue ?
Yes, sir.
I am a Tamilian ; you are
a Kannadiga ; Mallaiah is a
Telugu man ; and he is a
Punjabi. We are
Indians, are we not ? .
26 / An Intensive Course in Tamil
<S((56i%igsBj!r/reij : ^mmiia, ffiirmYes sir. We are, Indians.
DRI L L S
a. Variation drill
1. 3. 8.
1. 3. 9.
1. 3. 10. jffm/ffi îB{fitjn ?
1. 3. 11. a_iGj<s îrujQiDiT^ fiiByîr ?
^ djq+i ffe erft^T ?
J?^^crPTflTfe cf e^ l^cf I
fftssr jS/ruJOinfTu? QiZg2J/BJ(g.
1. 3. 12., /BfTU) ^^^luiiis, êbGso ?
STFIT, ^ I
<smi, a r ^ afre qs^jjif^ i
TFT fmqsr I
IbiriD inirmreumia.
^ flTOS-1
TR^^ an1%ftqÎ
tzS/su GiJ(rirrf'(Puj.
^svi U(ff5*(n5i.
(^61/(5 uj/r ?
b. Build up drill
. (i) /B/resr gj ^^rfiiuajr.
SI
(ii) ffT6Br^TUJ(olii(ry? îB^p.
6T65r
" ^ ^
(iii) STSBT îriuQinn^ îB{p
^sbQsD.
?^
crPTfl%
ersBT
(iv) a_(BJ6B îTiuQioiryPjsu5tp/r ?
cTta' ?
jSTuJGlujffy?
3^
Lesson 31 27
jblTSST sp(5 d?ji<#'PuJSBT.
31TftlRq<
@>C!5 d^^fPtusir
/BTSBT p(5 c^.^fPtUSBT.
"fênqiiffe cfeÎ
jSnûliQiDfry? îB\p.
cnqirffe crffi^î
STSBT ^n\uQinn\^ îByi-
STSBT jSfruJQujn-y? suS'tp ^sbQso.
cTRflffe cTfe^ I
^sbGlso
û9jp ^sbQso
îruJOinrrjîSi^jp ^d^Cleo
6TSBT jSiruJQiD/rtji? <su?jp ffilsbQa);
jS/TiuGlifiTy? jStiiysT ?
a_fBJa6 jSTiLiGlinTj^jsi^yair ?
2SJ An Intensive Course in Tamil
c. Expansion drill
(ii) rS\eu(if) uiT)S^niS.
sm q5^f% I
(iii) ;ffmii95 dseirgin-L-jEcSB/rir.
6B6ST6in-i_666B(r!r(5
cS/eu Cui r/rî fuj.
jSmi& iB6ffr6!n"L_A6B(r7(j5.
0fsta SfKj^ <ssgsrs9ri_isaT!r(5.
(i) Q : ;?mi lu/r ?
(ii) Q: a_.fEi6B fflar ?
^ ^ ?
A : 6T6T aar in^Qi^.
"f^^ ^ I
(iii) Q : fiiiia îB[piijn 7
^ cr f t ^ ? .
(iv) Q : 22_rBj<a .siruJQiDirj^ ûJjp/r ?
^sbGlew, 6T6BT ^niuQuiiT^ î^tp ^sbQso.
(v) Q : a_iiia ^muQiniri^ atiretniLDrT 7
^ cTPmffe ^H>d*if ?
(vi) Q:, jt^Lo |g(Bjujr5/, êoQeo 7
A : c^tfl.T 5J65, ;BTtc ^liûjiiia.
A
CT6BT
h
1
Lesson: 3 / 29
(i) @fiU(5 g)(5 c^^fPuj.
Substitute
utiressreu v,
Cei_/!r(r#(f'uj(5
(ii) ^6U(5 jSi^tpcj.
Substitute
a6sr65Ti_aBi5/r{r(5
(iii) ^6U(5 û?(pt!5-
Substitute and change the noun
accordingly.
(iv) ^(TSBT ^/BÛJffJr.
accordingly.
/BfruJ
(i) <^6U(5 p(5 QuijnSîU(!f).
31^ smj qsgrrf^ i
fcf^ 3ri% S T l Mt q^ I
?^3n%? TFl ^ I
=9/6U(5 g)(5 jauStp.
3 m sn^cTfrioS^ I
tSjsu 6^(5 a6Jrssri_(B/r(r(5.
arai^3n^qv=?l?c|*T<^' I
3m3r|^c%f4ct,K^ I .
3Ic[? cf e? I
^BfrsJr jSuS'yisBr.
3T^3Tt^^%ftqU ?
3f^? 3rfe qo^snf^ ? .
?=3.cI7qiTf% I
(iii) ereir îriuQiDirj^ îByi.
ereir jSiTUjQLDfry? Q^^mi^,
ereir JS/TUJQUD/TJ^ amesrith,
E XE RCI S E S
given below.
Model: Loeoeoiuiuir sp (Telugu man)
T f ? ^ ^ 3TI% (Telugu man)
uiebsouJuj/r epcrr, Q^îinÂairifas-
^v^m 3IT5 c ^ p ^ K ^ I
(i) t5/6ii{5 g>(5 (Punjabi)
3n%....: (Punjabi)
(ii) jSiiia (Kannadiga)
?fl ^ (Kannadiga)
(iii) ereir îB\p- (mother tongue)
cTpT^^ I (mother tongue)
(iv) /BTsJr ^Sûjssr. (a)
^'Vii 3rrf?rftq=3;i (a)
(v) sTsar ^(TUJGlm/ry? aejreunti. (yes)
cTTqTT% I (yes)
(vi) STSBT jSfruJQuifff^ î^jp @sb(olsu. (no)
(f^crPTTrffe cTfiT5. , . | ^ I (no)
h. Fi ll in the blanks using the appropriate pronoun.
(i) f5T6BT jSuS'tpSBT.
^riia iB6BT6BTi_afr7(5.
cTiqrrffe crf%.T ?
W cTT^flffe ^ ] ?
si_/E/i35 jS/ri/jQuDfry? asBreBntc/r ?
STSBT ^fruj(olti/ry? jSuStp ^sbGlso.
STSBT jafriiJCluj/Ty? GljSgumj
^sbClso.
STSBT ^niuQwir^ amesriih
^sbGlso.
Lesson 3 I 31
^(bîuiiia.
- f f ^ W I
Fill in the blanks using the appropriate plural form.
(i) ibireir îBytesr.
insbsouJiuff p(5 (ol^g2/'Ei@frjr(!5.
a56Jr6srL_<95/r(r(5.
/BTU)
JTTTr I
Fill in the blanks using either îcin 'yes' or êoQeo 'no' according to the
context.
(i) $mi& îByîfir ?
^ffssr îB^peir.
^TFi.crt%SJ3,l
(ii) c9/si'(5 Q^îiiiÂsirifijiT ?
cSjsu(5 Q^îiiâsiTij(If,.
31c(^c^^^jRÎ
(iii) t5/6U(5 ^nvuQu^n0 <B6Jr65ri_U)(r ?
<:9/6iJ(5 îTUjQiDiT^ inQeoiuiTerTih,
arq^ cnq^fffos JT^qios^ i
(iv) âj(5 CujTTi'/PuJir/r ?
J ( 5 Guir(r.#/Puj(5 su(5 ^.#(f'uj(5.
W ^ f t q ^ 3iiRiRq<? i
(v) jgriia Gui;!TîPiui;iT ?
^ ^ M k ^ ?
jB/Tssr (5iJtr;r.#ifiU(5
T T ^ ^ r r l ^ Rq^ ..
JBT6BT ^îPlUek. ,
k. Each question at the left side has three answers at the right side. Write
the correct answer.
(i) jBiiia fbiB\fi^n ?
(ii) D-iiia jSn-ujQiA/rt^ îByar ?
(iii) uisbfiOiiJUJT ja(TiJj(olio(r(^
(a) c^LOir. finoT fbiByi^.
(b) ôiQeo, finm jsi^jpsir.
(c) ^fibQso, ;BT60T jSuSjpsir
(a) c%LDfr. ersir jSTiuGlmiry?
wQeoiuirerrib ÂiQeo. erm
(b) ^latT, STSBT ÎTIuQLDITi^
(c) ^sbGlso, ST6BT ÎTIUQLDIT^
inQeoiufTenih ^sbQso. STSBT
(a) ûjir,'U}beouJujir,jSrrujQLDn'{/5'
1 ^ I
(b) <:û)(r, insbfioujiun; jSTuJQijDiry?
STPTT, H^rdiqj cTPT^rffe c%f I
(c) dSi">T, insbsotuuj/r jS/ruJQLDTy?
toQfiOujirsKTLb.
1. Frame questions for the answers given below following the models.
Model : A. STSBT î ri uQi f l rrj ^ <BI^{P-
Q. 2_m/6B jS/TUJCli nn-j^ srssrsur ?
Lesson 3/33
(i) 6T6Jr îTujQiDrrifi smesri-ih.
if^cnqirfr^^^Î
(ii) (i)6b6t)uJiu/r îriuQiDrr^ (S1J@2/IKI@.
(iii) ^61/ îriuQinm^ ut^ffiriS.
cnqirffe q^rrtî
Model : A; ÎDIT, /BTSOT piB^pesr.
3fTTfT, ^c T f t ^l
cl f TT^ ?
(i) =û3/r, iDsbeoiuujfr gj Q^gjjmjâasfrfr.
(ii) c^LD(Ti d^c/jeiîg^^/reii s^ 6STS!in_<B(r!rc5.
(iii) înn, cS^su 9 Ou^/ri'iPuj.
aTFTT, arcT^ ^ki Rrfî
Model : A: êoQeo, 6TBT ^(T(iJQu)/r{^ jSi^Jp ^sfaGlsu.
(i) êoQeo, ussbeouJuj/T 9 6sr6srL_6BiSB/r(r êbCleo.
iDoaeoiuvLin 9 QfSg2jiGi@ds<9s/r{r>
(ii) êbQso, ereir ^niuQu^m^ sesresnîh êoQeo.
(iii) @a)QfiO, ^ e u gj ^^t'^/Puj êbQeo.
cSjeu gj Gu(r/Trf'/P(Li.
ara? ari% arrftrftq? ^ I
Model: A: înn, ibTin ^(Bj5ujm/.
Q: ^Bfru) ^^îuiiia, @&}(Seo 7
?41 An Intensive Course in Tamil
(j) dg)U3T, srm îriuQwiT^^ îB\fi.
srmr, sr^? art? ^ n M t q ? i
(iii) tcsbsDiuujiT 9(5 (o1jSg2i'E/@a/T(r(5.
(iv) ,î>(T, STSBT afi[r(5 ji(5jS^sroP.
(v) q^tC/T, pSfTSBT 9(5 t:^.#fPuJS5r.
m. Change these affirmative sentences to negative.
(i) STsir 231(5 ^<3^êisv?-
(ii) sTSJr jSfruJGltDffyS' ^ti?{p.
(iii) E_/EJ jSTuJ(olii(T{âssBrsuriii),
(iv) c9fsii(5 9 C?ujTffi'/Puj(5.
ar^ân% ^TiTRrRqî
(v) ^/rsijr ûSfpsir.
n. Give the corresponding plural forms,
(i) ^/BîussT : (ii) jSiJ5jps5T
f f ^^: cTfiT^^:
(iii) c^^/PuJSBT :
3rrf?liTIR[.:
o. Join the following according to the sandhi rule,
(i) û5i(p + d?f, (ii) ^^^lum + liia
cifR^^ + m ff^^q^ + W
jSLi9jps5T + ^ : jSif'fpsaT + m/ :. .
cfffT^ + anT cTfilg^ + W'
t^rf'fPiusiJr + : ^îfiuesT + mts
STTftrft'R + an-: a r i f t f ^ + :
p. Answer the questions.
(i) ffi_f5j îTiuQmiT^^ îBy>tt ?
(ii) (EJa ûS'tpjTfr ?
Lesson 3 I 35
(iii) /fffB/as c^rfi/PiiJjrir ?
arrfeftqu ?
(iv) ^mia QutjnfiS'iutjiT ?
(v) /ffm/ (o)^g2;/E/(ga5T!r!rrf ?
sftf c/sdt<tcbll ?
(vi) a_(Bi<95 ^niuQuin\^ eresresr 1
V O C A B U L A R Y
/ 9 'a/an' jSuS'tp 'the Tamilian*
û3/r 'yes' ^fruJQLoirj^ 'mother tongue'
@6b(o)60 'not' GufT/T^fPuj 'professor'
ui^s-mS 'the Punjabi language' asircsTL-aasfrfr
qs^rrf^ 'the Kannadiga'
'<o)<5@2)'Ei(g<aT{r(5 'the Telugu ' qj' ôfcfjK^
f man' Lj{65ffffL5''the Punjabi man'
^,rto -we (incl.)' ^^^.ijmjdB 'the Indians'
gsoGfflJ are we not
G R A M M A R
1.3.8. As we have seen already in the first lesson the personal pronouns
distinguish person, number and gender. The first person singular pronoun
iBfresT 5TR[,'r (.Refer 1.1.1) has corresponding plural pronouns ^rrm TPT and
jB/TfBj 5=rT^. This lesson introduces /BITU) ^FT 'we' which includes the hearer
in a speech situation. Hence it is called first person inclusive plural. Example :
1. 3. S. (B/ru) ^^^luiiia.
?TFT if^^lW I
Nouns in Tamil are inflected for number. There are two numbers namely
singular and plural. Only the plural is marked by the suffix -raj No
suffix is added to nouns to show singularity. Example :
Singular Plural
iBiremeuesr wiressreuriim
In Tamil, the subject of a sentence agrees with predicate in person, number
and gender. When fiiriD ' we (incl.)' occurs as the subject it agrees with
its nominal predicate in number as follows :
1. 3. 8. finm tonemsuriis.
1.3.9. Let us now see the various constituents of a noun phrase. 3n% is
a quantifier, It is one of the optional constituents of a noun phrase. It is used
in Tamil where in English the indefinite article a or an is used. Example :
1. 3. 9. ^/rsSr 9 s%.#(PaJ6sr.
1.3.10. The yes-no question introduces the answer ÎLIT STRT 'yes' in this
lesson. Eixample :
1. 3. 10. îBy>ijn ?
fFTT I 5=in.crto3:i
1.3.11. This lesson introduces the third way of negating (Refer 1.2.7) by
using ÂiQeo f^cf 'no' with the negative of what is asked by the speaker and
giving the answer. Example :
1. 3. 11. SL-fB/a jSTuJGlLDTy? jSuSyiir ?
^sbQso, ersir .siriuGlus/ry? >5ii9(p êoQeo.
tf^cTPFlffe 5 Î
ôiQeo fc$f has two meanings no (Refer 1.2.7) and not. ^sbGlso 'not'
is a negative finite verb which distinguishes neither person nor number nor
gender. In equational sentences it is always used at the end after a noun or
noun phrase. Example :
1. 3. 11. erssr j5(rujQu5/ry? îByi ÂiQeo.
1.3.12. êoQeo 7 | ??f f 'are we not' is a tag-question. In this question, the
speaker presupposes that what he says is true and expects the hearer to
confirm it. Example :
1. 3. 12. /Brru3 ^^îuiii&, ^sfaCso 7
Lesson 3 / 37
In gercral, the tag-question shares the characteristics of the j-es-no question.
Liice yes-no question marker -SfT (Refer 1.2.7) this can also be attached
to any word cf the sentence.
1. 3. 12. /BTU) ^ffi^vuiiis, êoCSeo ?
'TFT f f ^W, ^ ?
Sandhi 5. The word final -sir -?J is dropped before the plural marker -mia.
Example:
^<#fPuj6Jr + fE/a j^.^^fPujfE/a
frf'ra^ + an >cift^(Slâj/mj@<sB(rjrc5 (Refer S.4 in 1.2)
5%f + >f%f^ *l 3
UNIT 1
LESSON 4
IS H M T A G O O D W A T C H ?
DI A L O G U E
g ^ : gt?T, ?t:q iTfoiif ^ ?
flrGira^ ; û u ineiwP UjSg/.
g ^ : fcq Tftor qcg I
g ^ : f l 31^ ^5 T Wr ?
*G76)^ : ^ IB /r, @ i_/ g/
*;B<S!rti> : ^gj eresresr auânifth ?
Suresh, What is time now ?
It is ten o'clock now.
Is it a new watch ?
Yes, it is a new watch.
What watch is this ?
Lesson 4/39
OrGife^ : g> HMT siq-airfriii' This is ah H MT watch.
g ^ ; ? f 3 r r e H M T q j f ^ f R^ I
Jr/BjSîi) : H MT ^sbso aaj-a/rjrujT ? Is H MT a good watch ?
g? ^ f r : hmt^t^t ^ f %f T Wf
ffi-Cjrs^. ; îBiT, H MT ^Bsbso i ). - Yes, H MT is a good watch. What is
aiTijih. sSigj ermm that novel ?
: 3rWT, H MT ^^W^ I
îS7ii : 9(5 *C!P /BirsufiiJ. jî s is a social novel.
arGjrali ; lurtQifirQi ^treueCi ? Whose novel (is this) ?
ar/BjStru) ; ^ gj ^<fisuG(gs)Qi_ This is Akilan's novel.
flrGira^ ; G u (5 sr eir eur ? What is the name (of that novel) ?
SR^^tfth t'SQmS^'. ^ 'Sinekithi'. This is Akilan's old novel.
cSy.^60G(g5)(oll_ U(o)(pUJ
arG(r6q. ; ^sbeo ^(reueoir ? 'Is Ut) a good novel ?
arjBjSîi).' ^ ID (T, ^ g; Q (T T u) u Yes, it is a very good novel.
g ? ^ : atnfTT, ?5 TT^ ==I?$T ?TTg^ I
DRI LLS
a. Variation drill
1.4.13. auâitifiii.
?135^ *I ^^K*i I
H MT ;B360 6sii)./r!7U).
H MT rT^^ ^t%fTTTi; I
HMT psoeo ais^&ntfxnn ? 'J;
HMT ^ ^f%5KHT ? : >V
40 J Avt Intensive Course in Tamil
! 4. 14. HMT ain-aaifih.
f aift HMT ^ f K Î
jgig/ 9(5 i7(tp6s TBirsud).
1. 4. 15. jgfg/ RSFSANGI^QL- /s/reueb.
1. 4. 16. c9/^cG@)Qi_ uGlyjiu /Bifsusb.
1. 4. 17. QjririiiLj ;Bsbsu ^frsueb.
J. 4. IS. ûu messPUjSg;. ,
fcq ^rfbi qeg I
^ U U IDSIWP ffT6Br6BT ?
fcq irfor ifpfT ?
b. Build up drill
MS/
SI
(ii) S>c5 <9=(tp jsirsusb.
?5 ?1^? ^racT I
?5
<95(i).<srrjrii)
9(5 ^(ipa jEireueb.
jBireueb
*(y5a /Bffsufib
9(5,(tp jBffsufib
Lesson 4/ 4t
(iii) eTOTesT je/rsudj ?
?5
(v) uJTG(rfrQi_ /Bfreusb ?
f TOt^ ^ ?
(UffGtnrGlL. /Brreusb ?
(vi) Qjrffiiiu ^sba) jbireuA).
[bireueb
?5
(vii) ûu LLessPu<sg;.
^ u u
?5 If 5=^577^?
15 if ^ ?
?5 s r f l ^^=TrÎ
?5 srffcH^TT*?Î
ujirCjr/rQi ^Bisusb ?
f 5qKVHI c( d, ?
ttJfrGjrn-Glt- jB/rcusb ?
qKl ^^m^ ?
^ g ; uj/rC^ffQi fiireuoi ?
l 5qKVH T c | d ?
^ g ; Gljr/nhu jBsbsi) /B/rajsb.
^ g i Q{r/rii>LJ ^sdSfiO jsrrcueb.
^ U U U36B9f UjSgl.
UjSgl
LCieSIsPLJjSg/
^ u u inssoP UjSgJ.
(viii) ûu inassPerasrasr ? @L)u LDSBBP ereirsBr ?
fcq +^Û| ?
| cq Trfojif?^ ?
Expansion drill
(i) ;B/r6iJsl).
uGlfpm jBirsueb.
3it^d' iy' iici<ji
?5 a r f f ^ V q ^ - i l c l d ^ 1
(") '4-'r?to.
^ g / ii)-(r(rii).
f l ^ f ^ f K' T 1
?1qj^fK??; 1
H MT au^snîh ^ gj H MT i).(r[rLb.
H M T ^ f % ^
H MT q>1%^ 1
^ gj 9(5 H MT ai^.aiTiîh,
f 3r t ^ HMTct , ( ^ ^ K4| 1
(iii) (B(Tu60/r ?
^ gj ibireueoiT ?
? | ^ | c | d^ ?
OiT/riDu ptsoeo ibireueoir ? ^ g j Q^ffinu /Bsbso ^ffcusoir ?
i\U H^ d i l cl dr ? ?5 <Ai TO?rr ?
(i) Q L/tj loeasP ercBTan- ?
A : ûu iBessPUjsg/.
fcqr ft ^qc^ I
(ii) Q: ^ g / erssTSijr aiq.aiTîh ?
^ H MT auf.aiTinh.
^ H MT ^ S ^ ^ I
(iii) Q: , s/gi ersBTSBr ffiiraieo ?
A : ^ g / 9(5 <F(i/)a ^/rsueb.
3ri^ ?f\f I
(iv) Q: ^ gj ujTCîrQi ^/raueb ?
A : @gi c9y<S60Gigs)(oli_ /BTSUSI).
1^, 3rf?^HW^TracT I
Lesson 4/43
c. Substitution drill
Substitute
uQyiiu
q^
(ii) i-iQifiiu jbireutii.
Substitute
qRW??rfff I
qg/f%?K*^'I
uQifiiu L//n_iJ L/efOjSaiii.
f 5 q#T tTBT^g^SIflT I
E XE RCI S E S
f. Fi l l in the blanks using the cueS' given in parentheses as in the model
given below.
Model : ^ g i HMT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . (watch)
H MT (watch)
H MT (9Ui).<Kirjru>.
f ^HMT^1%fKH I '
(i) jbTeuoi. (social)
?5 Tfj^^j (social)
(ii) ii}.n!rti). (new)
cpf^fT^ I (new)
(iii) H MT ir}.65/r!ru). (good)
H MT ^ t %? T^ I (good)/
(iv) ^frnjsb. (old) -
? 5 ^ra^T I (old)
(v) ;6560 ^BTsusb. (very)
I f I^^TTra^ I (very)
(vi) (@LiU LD6wP (ten) . )
(ten)
, g. Frame questions for the answers given below following the models.
Model: A. H MT aiq-oiriîh.
? 5 H MT *f e^ K4| I
Q. CTfisrsOT aiq-aiTifih 7
(i) c9/gJ 9(5 9fifia îreueb.
sn^ ^rm^ i
Model: A. ^ g / . ^^soCiggGli- /B/rsusb.
Q- lu/rGjr/rQi jb/rsua) ?
I f g ^ g i q j * f ^ ^ K H I
(iii) tSig/ CP7G6%TQI_ H MT ffitq-afrîh.
3If H MT ^ F^ f RI ^ I
Model : Q. ^ gj Q^/rLbu ^Bsbso fiireueoir ?
A. cû3/r, ^ g i Qifrnhu (bODeo îreuei).
arwT, H ^ ^ =17^ I
c%u>T, ^ gj Q^/nJbuLJ qgja <95ii).air{ru>.
^miT, ^ gj Q{riru)uu uQ^ptu jsireufib.
3TPTT, If ^q 'TracT I
h. Arrange the words in the proper order to make a sentence.
(i) anf-MTîh Qi^nihu ^ g i qgj.
q?t%fKT ^ If 351
(ii) <^gi jfitAjeb uQyuu Qîrihu.
(iii) jBireufib ^<60GiS)Qi_.
15 ?rra^ arfg^pfi^ I
(iv) @g/ fiireuoj UJITGIÎTQI7
(v) L).(r7Ui eranssT ^ g / ? . ,
^tWKl^lf ?
(i)
(ii)
Lesson 4/45
I^xame six sentences from the table given below as in the example.
Example: Qîrihuu L/g/a L).air!rib.
uQyuu
psebsu
auân-iru)
fiireueb
j . Join the following words according to the sandhi rule.
(i) ujrr(5 + g)Sli_ ; ..
m + ^
sr g^ + sft ^ :
(ii) ^<5ffl365r + 9
LDiremeuesT +
k. Answer the questions.
(i) S'GesrS^ C9J<SU(3(B)(O1I_ fiireueoiT ?
(ii) ûu IBSSBPereirfiffr ?
(iii) a_m/ auf.&iTi;ih ffiAieo sLfSirffLciiT ?
(iv) ^GesrS^ gj a=(y3 îreuso/r ?
V O C A B U L A R Y
'now'
time'
fcq
UjSgi
ten'
-isJ
new'
25
'watch' what (kind of)'
H MT
HMT, the name of a good'
watch' T?^
IUGIJITQL- 'whose'
'name of the novel
written by Akilan'
'very'
G R A M M A R
1.4.13. There are four kinds of adjectives in Tamil. They are base adjective,
derived adjective, numeral adjective and demonstrative adjective. This lesson
introduces some of the base adjectives. Example :
1. 4. 13. i-iÂ auf.siTirii',
H MT jBsbso aUf-aiTi^Lb.
H MT qjf^fnrq I
35 'new', ^sbfiO 'good' etc., are base adjectives. They always precede
a noun. We have seen in the section 1.2.7 that the yes-no question marker
-d?f)/-3n" can be added to any word of a sentence other than the modifier of a
noun phrase.Hence, the sentence H MT fiebeoeuir auf-aiTjrLb ? H MT 1<T^(^|'
Î^^K+I^? is ungrammatical.
1.4.14. ep(if) 'a/an' can precede any modifier of a noun phrase. Example :
1. 4. 14, H MT muâiTijih.
^ sfk HMT q j ^K Î
The phrases like H MT siif.siTi;Lb H MT c|5(^î<.4^ *HMT watch', a=(y3^Bireusb
Mlcl^n 'social novel' are noun compounds in which the first constituents
are attributes to the following nouns. ereireisT lf??f 'what' is the corresponding
question form of these attributes. Example :
1. 4. 14, ermesr jbireueb ?
1.4.15. - gj G l L. - 3T t ^ is a genitive suffix, It is always optional when it
occurs with the noun or pronoun oblique bases. That is to say, the noun
followed by another noun and the pronoun oblique bases can have the meaning
of genitive in Tamil. Example :
1. 4. 15. ^SBOQ^QL- /BfTsusb.
If srff^m^ r
1.4.16. The genitive can be followed by an adjective. Example :
1. 4, 16, ^SeoQi^Qi uGynu /B/rsusb.
If srff^Fft^ ' T m^j
46 I An Intensive Course tn Tamil
ffdpa 'social'
^Seoest 'name of a novelist'
uQyuu 'old' QfTTLbu
Lcsion 41.17
1.4.17. QijiTihu xff^ 'very' is an intensifier. It always precedes adjectives
and adverbs. Example :
1. 4. 17. ^g; QifiTihu ^sbso /STSusb.
1.4.18, ûu ^cq 'now' is a time adverb. Ujsgj tjc^'ten' is a cardinal
number which is dealt with in detail in the subsequent lessons.
1. 4. 18. ûu iLesiiPu^gt-
Sandhi: qgi + auf.mi;ib ^q^sauârrijih (Refer S.4 in 1.2)
31 + ^t %fRf( - ^35* , * r ^î <n
=(iptb + fineued ^-ff^tpa /Birsusb (Refer S.2 in 1.1)
?rqpf( + 'sfra^>'Fni? '^nr^
UJ/T(5 + ^Qu. ûjirCp-n-GlL- (Refer S.3 in 1.2)
Notes : sSjcfisosBT 3rf^$R[îs the pen name of Mr. Akilandam. He is one of
the famous novelists in Tamil,
UNIT I
LESSON 5
AT THE HOSTEL
DI A L O G U E
LDfrsssTbiS'
gKD/TSfOl_60/r ?
2 : ^mn. 0riia OJ/T ?
:, 3fTfIT I 'ftW' TO ?
l.-rBirsffT L/gi
iBiremffS'.
2 ; jBirm)* îB\fi iBnem-
e3iii&. ^gj sTfEia
Is this the Kaveri Hostel ?
Yes. Who are you ?
I am a new student.
We are the students of Tamil.
This is our hostel.
Lesson 5/49'
mnmraS'1 : n ^ ih îBy)
QIUQL. LDirmreSmi-
seniT ?
TFT T l X ^t ^^
H l ui f WI ?
lansmeB 2 : ^mrr, uSsfo. unneu^
fiih m iPlu (Tf).
i_sb su/TiriSJr.
tDfrfiwrrsi? 1 ; srgi têro. uirneu^-
uirreme)9 1 : ffi_/Bj ^Qîun?
?1 ^ ?
I am also a student of Tamil. . . Are
we the students of Miss. Parvathi ?
Yes, Miss. Parvathi is our teacher.
She is the warden of the hostel.
Which is Miss. Parvathi's room ?
That is her room.
Is this your room ?
No. This is their room. They are
Kannada students.
UDiremeî 2 : êuiiia u^Qeoiurren
LDtremffS'iiia. ^
i3f| araw arf i
Who are they ?
They are Malayalam students.
That is their room. .
DRI L L S
a. Variation drill
1. 5. 19. fiiTiiia îBy) LDirem&ffisia.
{biimia aoiTesTL- inirmreiS'mia,
1. 5. 20. ermia îretOL-Oi.
f ?T?3^ I
1. S. 21. uiriieu^ fiihu^ ^^^/Puj.
ibihin jMDirsTOL-st).
f ^'=*T I
1. 5. 22. ^cumi i S torreisroS'mia.
1^ T F I ^ I
cSjeumia iin'!Rrr>?iGJa.
3 f ^ HI"lf^S- I
êu/GJS uj/r ?
1. 5. 23. ^g ; c9/sufB/(5B c9/Qp.
^gj ^su/E/a ^Qp .
1. 5. 24. gig/ U/T(f6UjS(JujffQt_ eWSliD-
STg/ u(rifeujS(2ujiTQi_ ?
1. 5. 25. u/r/rsiijSjS'resr sun^/ft-sir.
gg/<s/rsr ^/r6foi _b.
f f c r H W q I
1. 5. 26. psnrgyil) ^t^gi u)T6S57-siS'^(r6sr.
/Bffgjiii) L/g; UiTSBarnS'jafresr.
b. Build up drill
(i) îTiiia î^(p innemaSriss.
uirrems)3mia
cff*l^^
- (ii) ermia siajfrsfcisb.
?1 ' f ^ ? F5 ^ I
Jl/DIT6fO_6b
CT(Bi6B
skm ?
S_mj<95
(iv) uirireu^fiiresT 6u/r/ri_fijr.
6U(rfri_6Br
ufT/rsUjigjS/rsBT
c. Expansion drill
(i) côjfGiiZ innemeiîiia.
LoGleuajirerr Lorresinrsififsia
Lp.tson .5 / 5/
LDirsssTfaiS'm/a
îByi iDiremffiS'mis
/Bfrmjas jsu9(p uin-esirsiS'mia.
^ c t o ^ Tnuifgg=
H i ? ^ 5T^^ I
6T,-5ia sjiDirsYUisi)
ermia gsa3/rGfoi_6b.
a_rBi ^QpoujiT ?
UfTircUjiSjS/rssr 6U(r/ri_6sr.
eu/r(ri_6Jr
uirHeii^îren- euirirt-m.
êuiisa inQeoiUfren iiir6meffiB)&.
S21 An Intensive Course in Tamil
(ii) uirHeu^ ^. î f i u .
(iii) <5fg/
sri ar^ 1
uiraeu^CSiuiTQL- ^Qp.
(iv) jBfTgjiii) iDTsroTsiSijSireir /BTgyi i u)fr6irarsi5'<aT65r.
Hld+l+ilîRfdl-i,!
IbiTîh îBifi LD(rwTSiS'g(r6r.
/BiTLo un-fisu^Guj/rQi iDiressreiS'mia^tr 7
^ qT<qfq*iV +l|i'lftô6l ?
STFTT, qr^^f^ ^WT STTfeRq^ I
ergj urrrreD^GiutrQi^sjQrD ?
<f 1 qr ^ ^ l Mt ^ ?
^ gj ^ 6u m j cS/Qjj.
?5 ? ^ art I
^ gj a_(EJ ^sjQ/DujT ?
âjQa), ^ g/ ôjiiis ^Qp,
f^cf; I f f ^ ^ I
^sufBia oj/r ?
3?q#TO ?
r^Gumia inQeoiuiTm unrmreiS'miA,
(i) Q:
A :
(ii) Q:
A :
(iii) Q:
A :
(iv) Q.
A :
Lesson 5 I 53
(i) fiiTiiia iDiiemeiS'mia.
Substitute
? I l ? ^ fR5^ I
Substitute
(iii) ^rrefOL-sb.
Substitute
(iv) jbireir iniressraB.
^ T Pr f ^ I
accordingly.
9m
^ *i| U| ft^ I
JB/rU3 U)ir9!n'g)S'fS/65.
Tmf^ I
êuiGia mirararaS'fGi.s.
1^ T r i e s ' I
êuiiia uiiTems:Simia.
HWTdiit I
eTiGJ65 p/D/reruieb.
^Buiui p/DTStuieb.
c_miffi gja3/r6YOt_6b.
^g/ êuiEia fUDireiOiei).
^gj cS/euisjds ^frefUL-eb.
f f aigW'fRScT I
^gj pa)/r6n;iL.eb.
^gj ^Qp .
^freir ujffSBBrsi?.
jSTiEJds mirastneS'mia.
jBiria iiSfrsOTrsiS'/Eiffi.
êurcia lAirsssreiS'nija.
êuiiiai iDiTsmeiS'iiiai,
(i) unneu^QujuQL- ^Qp. erg/ uirifev^QujiTQi- ^Qpo ?
?g TTÎ^'Ttârt I ^qr^^^^âr^?
?5 els' art I W af^ ?
@gj airCSsui? pfl3/rsfOL_b. sTgj afrCsurf" pajtsfoisb ?
^ g ; s;sijmi<35 ^Qp. srg/ .^s/su/E/a ?
argsraârî tfârciâT^?
E XE RCI S E S
g. Fi ll in the blanks using the cues given in parentheses as in the model
given below.
Model : ^ g / eriiia (hostel)
?1 ^W (hostel)
^ g i sT/E/a $UDirsn7L_6b.
(i) c9/g/ UITITSU^QIUITQL- (room)
arf qR;d^qt^ (room)
(ii) uniieu^(SiuiT<o)i ? (which)
- qr ^gf^^ ar^ ? (which)
(iii) /BTsir 9 L/g/ (girl student)
^Tân^ gi (girl student)
(iv) 65sr6!JTL_ iB/rsuffrsiS'mja. (this-they)
JTRfg^ I (this-they)
(y) ^Qp. (this-their)
I (this-their)
(vi) uDQsoujfrstr LOfrsrorsiS'/E/a, (that-they)
fT^qioSTTPrft^ l(that-they)
(vii) ^ g ; ^Qp. (that-their)
Sf% Sr^ I (that-their)
(viii) u/rffsujfi dy,<^/Puj. (our-incl.)
qr^^ arrRiRq^ i (our-inci.)
h. Fill in the blanks using the corresponding oblique forms of the given
pronouns.
(i) jbirmis gi^fp ixnTessreffmia.
g/ ^(TsrOL-sb.
f l 5R5Î
Lesson 5_J 55
(ii) ffinm unHeu^QiuiTQL- innems^'mifs.
uirHeii^ ^#/fiuj(5.
srrfef^qÎ :
(iii) tSieu/B/ffi inQeoiunerr miretuFêiS'iBim.
g i rSlQsD.
n -STÎ
(iv) ^SU/Eiffi <B60r657-J_ IDTSWfflS'fEja.
^ Q p .
?I .
i . Match the following.
(i) /BT6BT
/BTtO ,
LdirassT&Siiia
(ii) jBirsir
l)T6B5T6UfiBr
arciw
(iii) [birmia
-11^
iniresneiS'iiia
clRio6<
j . Frame questions for the answers given below following the models.
, Model: A. ^sbClsO, ^ g / êuriia ^Qp.
' 561 An Intensive Coune i n Tamil
I
(i ) ^&)Qeo, =9/sufB/ c9/S)(D.
(i i ) @fibQso, urrifaj^QiuiTQL. c9?(olp.
f l qi ^ f ^ qf ^ I
Model : A. êufEjas mGlsoiu/rsTr lUfreirarSiJniids.
f ^ TT^qToS H P r f ^ I
Q. êuiiia lurr^ ?
S R^ TO ?
k. Make a whi c h question from every sentence.
(i ) uiraev^GiurrQi ^Qp.
(ii) îrGsuiPgj/DTrui_6b.
(iii) ^ gj ^surEja c^jGlfD.
(iv) qsrO^ffitc.
1. Give the corresponding plural forms of the following singular forms.
(i) LDfra3Tsi? ; TPl f^ :
(ii) euiTff i_6ffr : : ^
m. Frame sentences from the tables given below.
HliS-
jblILD
'11+1
n. Here is some information. Put it all together in one sentence using the
Example: êuiiia
-an
(i) uniieu^
jBITLO
'TFT
anftrftq^
(i i i ) êuiiia
tiQ6Uiu/rrr (uj)
-an
( v) êum&
amf
-an
( vi i ) UTI TSU^
an%ftq^
f l
(i v) g l
-an
(vi) ^suiEia
? ^
-=^
-an
a n % f ^
( vi i i ) unneu^
anftrftq?
-an
o. Join the following according to the Sandhi rules".
(i) mnmre^mss +^ : (ii) uirHeu^ + 9<?i_ :
TTFlf^W + 3TT : +
c9/si/m/ + ^ ; u^ffiTL? + I^QL. :
sm + 3TT q55rr(% + ^
êuiiia + ; 5S)(ol(D + ^Qi
f^f + srr: ar^+ ai V : -
^^^luiiia + ^ :
?t^qW + SIT :
p. Answer the questions.
(i) S-iiim îreiOLêb Gu sreiresT ?
^ ? i ^ ^ ^ ?
(ii) ^mim sp L/gi LDfrsmrrsuirfr ?
(iii) ^mia IU/TGJT/TQI ton^siRrrsij / iDfrsiwrsiS' ?
(iv) BL_mjffi syDfrerOu-sb eutririssr luir ?
(v) a_rBja6 6i!D(rsfoi_6ij Gu atrGsurf'iuff ?
V O C A B U L A R Y
jSTsir
'an emphatic particle' afrGsurP 'the name of the hostel'
pfljn'ctOL-eb 'hostel' LDfTSSBTfflS'
'girl student'
+l|u|{g
'we (excl.)' 'our (excl.)'
i l ^
Miss' 'our (incl.)'
svj/rrrL-SBT
'warden' 'which'
W< ^
'room' 'this-their'
| cl ^-
this-they' that-they'
aicj^
'that-their'
araw
Lesson 5 / 59
G R A M M A R
1.5.19. In Tamil, there are two kinds of plural pronouns in the first person,
namely, inclusive plural and exclusive plural. The inclusive plural as we have
seen in the section 1.3.8 includes the person or persons addressed to in the
speech situation whereas the exclusive plural excludes the person or persons
addressed to. rbirmim WfWthe exclusive plural pronoun. Example :
1. 5. 19. rbirriia îBy> wnemeBmia. '
1.5.20. erttia is the corresponding oblique base of ihmiia 'we (excl.)'.
It has the possessive meaning of 'our (excl.)'. Example :
1. 5. 20. sTfaa paj/rsfoisb.
1.5.21. ibiTLD ^TpPf 'we (incl.)' has the oblique base îhiD?fCTT which has
the possessive meaning of 'our (incl.)'. Example :
1. 5. 21. uiTiTsu^ rbihin ^^^/Puj.
The chart below illustrates the nominatives and their oblique bases of the first
person pronouns.
First Person
Number
Nominative / Oblique
sg.
6T60r
pl.
(incl.)
jbiTin jbihin
pl.
(excl.)
1.5.22. êuriia f^sf and ^6un5j6B Sfcfg^ are third person human plural
pronouns, êuiiia indicates the persons proximate to the speaker and
^SKfBia indicates the persons remote from the speaker. Example :
1. 5. 22. êuriis iDiiemeS'miai.
Note that the subjects ^sumja 'this-they' and êviiia 3Io[^ 'that-they'
of the sentences 1.3.22 agree with predicates in number (Refer 1.3.8). -m/a
is the plural marker added to the nouns wnemeiS' TTIWft 'girl student' and
irtiremeuesT H\\cH'\ 'boy student'.
1.5.23. The oblique bases of êuiAia and ^sumja are identical
with their nominatives. They have the possessive meaning of 'their'.
Example :
1. 5. 23. êuiiia ^Qp.
1.5.24. 67g/ ^ 'which' is the corresponding question form of the neuter
demonstrative pronouns (Refer 1.2.6). Example :
1. 5. 24. erg/ uiriieu^QiuirQL- ^Qro ?
1.5.25. jS/rssr cTF?. is a particle which is used to denote emphasis. Example :
1. 5. 25. Ufrffsuj^^freor 6urr/ri_6w.
1.5.26. -a_Lb i s a particle which means 'also'. Example :
1. 5. 26. ibiT@iih îBy) mtreme^îTair.
Sandhi 6. The personal pronouns such as ^trriia TTW 'we (excl.)', ^tiia ft^
'you', ^6UfE/ 'this-they' and ^SD(Bja SRS' 'that-they' are correspon-
dingly realized as ffiirmiseh ^T^-oS^, ^miaeh ^\ô5^, êuiiiaefr ^^ôS^ and
c9/su(Biffi6fr SmW'oS when a word or particle beginning with vowel is added to
them. Example :
^rr/Bj 4- > ^Bfrmtasir/T
5TIW + an ^ o 5T
/fmja 4- > fiiiaerriT
@6umi + ^sunsjaerrn-
-(- a?T ->?qWo5T
cSfsunua -1- ^ > ^suiBiasrr/T
3 1 ^ + an -^3)q-oOl
Sandhi 7. The plural marker -mja is realized as -miash when
a word or particle beginning with vowel is added to it. Example :
Lesson f> I 61
Sandhi 8. lu q is added to the words or particles ending in - @ -1='' -f .
- ST-I f, 7-I? and-gg-1^ when they-are followed by a word or particle
beginning in a vowel. Example :
^' uinrsUji + gj(o1i_ > u/rfieUjSGujfrGli
9/(olp + >t^^SlpuJfr
3I^+ an3f d?T
/
UNIT 1
LESSON 6
IN T H E CLASS ROOM
DI A L O G U E
6510.
Suresh, how many books are these ?
These are two books.
How many text books are these ?
These are three text books.
arCjra^ fiir^ Gggiru^.
w-jBjBtrii cS/gJ ffTcS^Qeur iggsii"
GibiTL-Qu L/sfogaii ?
g^ , : f a ^ ^. ^f r s gc gÎ
a^BjSiru) : ^ gj ergcsSlein- Ggg/rji).
JBfTfb'STSlS' ?
SrGirffl^ ; ^ g / Gggn-uj. ;Br/D-
gt j q: fi sni^f^ ^^Tfk I
sr/BjSjrii) ;ffmj er^^Qm gu9y)
inirensretiriia ?
g ' ^ : 5fl^ ccJ^cTfll^, TTPig^?
gt ^ : ^ cTft^^ i
a/Bgi ri i ; ^6 umi er ^g (ol SBT
ffr^giTU) : ^ eu lii a ep ih u ^
Q jS g2/ fE/ @ iniremsijmi-
amti ?
g ^ ^ : 3r a^ s f Mi c %
Lesson 6/63
How many pairs of pencils are those.?
Those are four pairs of pencils.
How many dozens of note books are
those ?
These are five dozens of note books.
How many pairs of chairs are these ?
These are six pairs of chairs.
How many Tamil students are you?
We are seven Tamil students.
How many Kannada students are
they ?
They are eight Kannada students.
Are they nine Telugu students ?
SrCSife:^ : Û>IT, êumta epihu^
<ol<s^fG/(g iriiressreuiiiai.
g^?T: I f qc5 ^ I
Sr/BjS!ru3 : ^ gj CTjSgGlsOT usiT/ra-
Gurrff ?
arG!76i% ; 9(5 uerrnAGuniiQ-
gt5[T : If afre ^051^^4I
Yes, they are nine Telugu students.
How many tables are these ?
These are ten tables.
How many blackboards are these ?
This is one blackboard.
DRI LLS
a. Variation drill
1. 6. 27.
@g] OirsBBT qsfogasio.
i l t % g ^ i
^ g i ,(y5@)/ u/TL_u qsTOgasti).
If ^ TTî-yw^+iÎ
^ gj erggQeBr u/r_Lj qsfogaii ?
If tfccrt^qr ^^ ?
1. 6. 2S. ^ g j jBfTgz; Ggg/ri). Queir^sb.
3Tf ? n ^^c ) ^^ I
31f 315^S^' fr egc q^cI fTÎ
STf i f ccF^^S T ^j f l ^W^ ?
1. 6. 29. ibirmia 6j(Lp uairemeîiia.
Lesson 6 j 65
b. Build up drill
6Tg^(ol65r qefugaLO ?
(iii) ^(r@2/ Gîri^. Qu6ar#sb.
I f ^ ti^r?!Î
(vi) sr^^Qeirr Gggiruj.
?1
c. Expansion drill
(i) tS/gJ q6T0j6BlO.
uaiu Lfeivâiii
^ g ; (oljrsMT L/sfogaiii.
I f 2 ^ I
?f tfccf' fS^^?
sTg65(ols5r L/sfogaii) ?
sTggOssr qsrugiBii).?
? | tf S^^'X ?
sTgjsOsBT GggfTti). jBT/Dafra? ?
I f 5?c a^^ ^^T% ?
ffT^gClssr Gggiru). ^frfbs'rsiS' ?
^ g / eTjSgGlsffr GggfTL}. /BfrfbairaSi ?
If ccHf 5f|1% rnS^HM ?
^gj 46T0g66m.
^g i dfi^ uiTL-u Lfsioâih.
3r cn^cg;ST5JT I
(ii) c9/g/ qefUjSJBU).
(iii) c9/eu/GJdB wnmraSmis-
QjSg^jfSf^ mnessreiS'mia
9U) ug/ ui/rfi97rS'fSi66
(0 Q:
qsfOjSatri.
c9/g/ (3/B/rLL(5iJ L/sfOjSffiii).
qsrogaBLD-
c9jeumja LDfreDSTeiS'rGJds.
cl%f TTTWfg^ I
LorrssffrsiS'fE/as.
3f^^ a f i f ^ a^ f mwf^ I
II<% 3^'
(ii) Q tS/gJ ffTjSjSloleBT Gm'ffi^. (olu6sr<#6b ?
(iii) Q: jff/Ei eTjSjsSlssr <ai^{p LDiressreS'iiia ?
(i) Gltraiir îtp&ne&,
' 1l<*lRl I
Substitute
315^
-111*1^1I
^( 5* JBTiD-BTfilS'.
?5 3f5=g ^51% I
Lesson 6/67
6T(tp
6TL-.
Substitute
^TTSljTfcI
(o1u6r.#6b
(iii) ;?fBj 6Tj5g(ol65r tn/reiwrsiS'mja?
Substitute
?f arrg^TTWife i
?5 ^^f l l I
cTtl ibTpsiTe&.
^g i spmugj /Birpasfrefi'.
f f 3f F^^npjTfci I
i S> qsrogatri . .
G;B(rtlL/ qefOjsati).
I f # 5 ^ft^^2?cl?r[ I
S> u/ri - i j qsTOjSai i .
I f 3l1%qTg<73^5^1
9Gu)Qa=.
I f an^^^ 1
I f an^cf ^Î
9(5 ^BTSUfifa.
I f af R T ! Î
9(5 atij.ffi/TiTii).
I f aft^^ f %W( I
;ffn5J<SB eTjSjsClsar inireme&tiia ?
fljiTfEja sT;5<sQ65r mirsiwrsiS'fBjas ?
/BT-ifl 6TiS^(ol6B7- to/raisrsiS'/Bias ?
GHI An Intensive Course in Tamil
{. Transformation drill
I f q?g I
E XE RCI S E S
?f If rem qTs<7 ?
g. Fi ll in the blanks using the cues given in parentheses as in the model given
below.
Model: , Qum^êb. (two)
3r I ^ ^ l ( t w o )
(0 firr^siTe&. (three)
11 I (three)
(") ffinâ!Te9. (four)
I I ' I K+l f d I (four)
(iii) qsrDjSaii). (five)
311 S^cTfli; I (five)
(iv) ts/gj GiflQ*. (six) .
3If ^ ^ I (six)
(v) C;B/rL.(SiL; qeJo^siBii). (seven)
5?cT5J^ I (seven)
(vi) L/fifUjSau). (eight)
3T I (eight)
(vii) c9{6umj<s5 /u)n'e!Rn'6uns/65. (nine)
^m!l l (nine)
(viii) (note book)
(note book)
(ix) (chair)
55 (chair)
Lesson 6/69
W (table)
f5 (table)
(xi) /BTg2i ....Qumêb. (pair)
^ ^Jm^ I (pair)
(xii) tS/g/ . i S / i ^ *" q6n)<saib. (dozen)
3T| 3?5^ g^cl?^ I (dozen)
h. Write the following figures in Tamil.
2
4
6
8
10
3
S ;
7
9
i . Combine and rewrite the resultant form in the blanks provided at the right
side.
(i) 67dp + LD/rsssm? ;
+ :
(ii) epihu^ + LDiremeueir :
3 f F ^ + mm\'
(iii) u<sgj + ^/BjSujeOT ;
+ ? f 5 ^ : - ' -
(iv) jbiT^ + <:^#fPuJ6Br :
' TTi + anftrftq^:
j. Make a howmany question from every sentence,
(i) LJ^Sgi CixiQff.
(ii) êuiiia epthuî îBy) infremeudia.
ara^ a f F ^ cr f^^ H T W I
(iii) GggTK). pnrfD(r6i5>.
(iv) i-Qm C^/TL- QL/ L/sfoj8ib.
k. Match the following.
^BTsir iniremeiSmia
c5j6VJ(r^ LO/rsBOTeueir
701 An IxAmive Comx n Taml
I. Join the following according to the Sjndhi rule ,
(i) u3/rsinrfiu/B/ + ;
TFra^ + STT :
(ii) ujiTfflisTfflS'iBia + :
JTPrfgsr + STT:
m. Answer the questions.
(i) ;ff(B/6B STJSJBGISST JSUSIJPtD/rsKBTsiS'nB/a ?
(ii) cSfsumia sr^^tolssr uQeoiu/rerr lorressreumids ?
31^^ ^(Jcpf T^fqioS *1I W ?
(iii) ^sijrsj<95 ffTjSjSfolesr .ssesresru. u>>rOTreu/Gis ?
f ^ ifcTci^ Ti^ra^?
V O C A B U L A R Y
6TjSj(o1S5r
'howmany'
'these'
'two* three'
'those' 'pair'
'pencil' four'
M<Rlci
L-ggssr 'dozen'
.five'
3| S^
'chair'
'notebook'
'you(pl)' 'you(pl)'
six'
3ni
6TLL
'eight-
'seven'
'^^^
table' table' 9U>UgJ
'nine'
'one'
uerrffaCLJ/r/f 'blackboard'
Lesson 6/71
G R A M M A R
1.6.27. The cardinals (Refer 1.4.8) like eêm^ 'one'. QrfewrQ 'two' (tpû
'three' etc., are also adjectives in Tamil in addition to base and derived adjec-
tives (Refer 1.4il3). The nouns which follow these cardinals are inflected for
number namely singular and plural. Excepting human nouns the non-human
nouns are not inflected for number in Tamil. Example :
1. 6. 27, 6^(5 L/STOjSffiii).
l | art^g'fcT^T^ I
The cardinal epem^ 'one' is manifested as 6^(5 before a noun. SJ^^QSST
'howmany' is the interrogative pronoun which questions cardinals in sentences.
Example :
1, 6. 27, er^^QesT uiriu Lj6Tt)<sii) ?
The third person neuter pronouns, in spoken Tamil, do not distinguish number.
In otherwards the plural forms of the third person neuter pronouns are identi-
cal with the singular forms.
'this' ^1 'these'
'that' 'those'
1.6.28. jhiT^ CSgg/ru). 'four pairs', ^s/gjav i-ggsir 'five dozens' etc., are enume-
ratives. They are always followed by plural nouns. But in spoken Tamil the
plural marker is not added to non-human nouns. Example :
1. 6, 28. jLfT^ Ggg/rirj. QumÂ).
1.6.29. /fffBJSB is the second person plural pronoun (Refer 1.1.1), Example :
1.6.29. ^liia er^^QesT uîtmrffSma ?
Sandhi : uni-ih -|- (-/sfoâiL > u/ri L;6n;^6Sijb
qi^T!; + 5^Ff-^t^T^ 3'^?'^
+ *TFig^ (Refer S.2 in 1.1)
ufri_4- L(STOjSU) ^ u/rt_uL/6fOjS<s5iii
O/BTil + qsfOjSffili) ^GrBfri-l(5uM6TO^Lb (Refer S.4 in 1.2)
Gfi( innuait.
ûun uj(r((5 ?
Quanêoneo C^. cSJsuîj
GiTffGli GltoiTcseb icasOTr-
ff%FTrf^ f
Sr/BjS?li : LD/r lb l> IT. îBiSiTT-
ma.
Qffsbei? : ^jj^jjirasT^BjSGujirGli
<xii<o/r Gfg(r^.
mSleuTsiS'uj/r ?
Lesson?/ 73
Yes dear, he is uncle Nehru.
Who is the father of uncle Nehru ?
His father is Motilal Nehru. He was
a famous advocate. His first son is
Nehru,
Mrs. Indira Gandhi is Nehru's dau-
ghter, isn't she ?
Yes, dear. Indira Gandhi is Nehru's
daughter"
Who is Mrs. Indira Gandhi's mother ?
Her mother is Kamala Nehru.
Is she Nehru's wife ?
Yes dear, uncle Nehru is the husband
of Kamala.
QeunQi CTjs js ig) eu ^
Howmanieth prime minister of India
is Mrs. Indira Gandhi ?
She is the third prime irtinister of
India.
DRI LLS
a. Variation drill
1. 7. 30.
1. 7. 31.
G/B(5 (olin/rjSeOTfiug; L?!rû3 in/BjS'Pf
ff^^FTTf^ JJIJIT^ ftR^ Hl^ft I
^ ?f'^<Hlll^ I
b. Build up drill
(i) GjB(5 GluKrjSeon'siigy iJ'(riatn
L^jTiStn
C/B(5
G;B(5 GliDTjSSO/rsug/ L J ^ ^ L D ID^BJS'P-
Lesson 7 / 75
^^ÎjrT&ITfi^ ^^ÎJITStT^^ 6TcSjS(S)6UgJ L^tr^LD
c. Expansion drill
(i) G^(5 iL^^ff.
L?(r<SLD U)/B^ff
(ii) ^/B^?f <56T/ B{S eTjS^lgBJSUg/
(iii) ^sufBja inGlsffrsi?.
^ T f l ^ I
G;B(5 îBîufrGsuTQi- QiDfrêOfr-
lUfB^fP ?
c9/6um/ inQear&S'.
4. Question-Answer drill
(i) Q : @oTJ(5 oj/TiT, ?
(ii) Q : ^cu(5^(r6sr CjB(5 ioffU5T6u/r ?
(iii) ' Q : CJB unnDnGeurrQi ûuit tun^rf) 7
^Pc^fiîiR ^ C T H T ^ fqrîfr ^rf^ ?
(i) ^6U(5 Gltn/rêofTffljgi iJfrjSin
QjrsiwTL-frsiJgy
sTtlifrfiiig/
ijprraf fqr^ wf^ft i
ar^^ ais^rmf fqr^ ' Tf ^ i
a^cR aTKjci^ fqr^ i
fT<^ I
'sm "ffraf ftR^ I
ai ^ aTF^g^ fcR^ i rf ^ I
arg^Mc^w^fqîrf^ I
Lesson 7/77
^611(5 <S(T6Jr LDITLDIT.
^cj^jdliSTOTT I
(ii) êu(5^/r6sr iDiTis>n.
iseiTOT'eL/
(iii) cS/fiu'Eja^/rsir ^ U I I D T .
in(B<fP.
Loaesr GI B -
L?!rîn LojBîP.
EXERCISES
G/B ?
LDIB^fP ?
g. Fill in the blanks using the cues given in parentheses as in the model given
below.
Model; ^6uîT6sr G/B .....(uncle)
fSrecTT^^ (uncle)
@sujgfrsiir G; B ILTWIT.
(i) GjBGufr(oti_ iGtcfTj^fiO/rsb 0/B. (father)
^\f^vn^ ^ I (father)
(ii) êuGijirQi-^ îrm G/B . (son)
ai^ft/ cTRL^^ I (son)
(iii) @fB^7(T<s6fr;Bi G/BGi//rQL_ (daughter),
ff^Ûrnt^ ^^gii (daughter)
(iv) ^fiîjiTaiT^^CBtuirQL. aussu/rG/B. (mother)
ff^c(TTTlT^^ ÎT5TT ^ I (mother)
(v) tflsv5(TG/B(5 Gib(rf)(3euiiQi (wife)
^JT7yT%^?c?t^. (wife)
(vi) G/B0 SLDeonQsiiirQL- (husband)
^ ^rfTl'Rl^ (husband)
(vii) c9/sU(5 6^(5 Qufiiu (advocate)
arg? afp? cff^q (advocate)
(viii) G;B(5 ^^^tutrQeiinQL. (prime minister)
f P"<^^l4l^ (prime minister)
(ix) G;BC5 L?7iSU) UifiîP, (first)
^ ftR^JTf^^ I (first)
h. Frame questions for the answers given below following the models.
Model; A; CtcirêOfrebG/B Gjba^QajirQL- .SIUUIT.
'Ttf^T?! srcqi I
Q: Gtoir^so/Tsb G; B lurrQi^rrQt-.. ÎUUIT ?
(i) G;B([5 ^^îjrrairfi^GiunQL. rûun.
(ii) GjB(5 ifi60(rGeufrG)i_ asirarsu.'
(iii) fflLD6i5/TGfB(5 îîjirait^^GujiTQL- îhu:>n.
Model : A: G/ B Qifurêoneu^ IS'IJ^LC LO^Î?.
Q: G^ eT^jS(6g)6ug/ L ^ J T ^ U J IL^ÎP ?
(i) ^(Bjf (Tfrarr/B^ (ipigMjsu^ LîrsstD lo^îf^.
ff^ûnrf^ 'jpimg fqwT i
(ii) G;B(5 GlLDffjSSOfrsij^ tnasir.
Model : A: ^mir, ^su^^/rsar G/BcSifiTtn/r.
Lesson 7 / 79
(>j) <ûiir, Gffi(!f,^tresT GinnêofrA) Gfi(i^GeuiiQL. Qinirêoiieu^
mam.
i. Transform the following cardinals into ordinals^
-(0 ipmi (v) ^dP
^ " ^ ^ ^
(ii) ^ffgz/ : (vi) 6Til :

(iii) =9j(5* : (vii) gjiiug; ;
315^
(iv) : (viii) Ujsg; ;
sm qcg
j. Here is some information. Put it all together in one sentence using the
Example : ^^^(jiran^^
^m<i<iif^ 'iwra^ fq^*T JTt^R I
(i) @uc5 (U) ^6U(5
inrrcDsreu Lo/remtreu
- ' ^
-SIT
WI An Intensive Course in Tamil
(iu) fidia
(iv) ^SUO
?^
-an
(vi)
-llctc^
k. Join the following according to the sandhi rules,
(i) ^ffiû-sn + : .
iniTinir + fpQi :
HFTT + ^ :
U3S0/T + g)(oli_ :
qjIMT + ^ :
ûun + fj)Gli_ ;
aTCCTT + 3?li :
(ii) tS/ffljfBj +
1^ + afti :
+ 3Tt^: ...
(iii) G|B(5 + S(o)i-- (iv)
1. Answer the questions.
(i) ûu ^^^lunGeunQiLJ J T ^ I H LD^ÎP lu/r ?
(ii) egsupffl/fso/rsb C^ ^^jioj/rGsufrQi- LJirjSin icii
Lesson 7 / 81
(iii) tu.ma ,ûuif euASedn ?
(iv) a_m/<s5 iDQesrssP/aBsssTsu Cuo
(v) ^(BJa Quatpeonai^ LoaigB) ?
(vi) tt_mi sSiUU/r ujir ?
(vii) a_/BJ .îLic/TCsuffQi Gu 6T6irs5r ?
VOCABULARY
'father' - 'India, name of the
country'
first' L^jFjaic LD^îP 'prime minister'
LDf TLCKT 'uncle'
Qu^tu
'famous'
*ÎHT
'an advocate' 'daughter'
'first' 'son'
+ifc^d
'mother' 'that she (sg. hon.)'
aFHT sm^
'wife' 'husband'
'howmanieth' 'third'
GRAMMAR
1.7.30. (tpigsjsug/ '^pn^ 'third' is an ordinal. Ordinals are formed by
adding the suffix -^suî -3fT^ to the cardinals (Refer 1.6.27). Example :
1. 7. 30. ^^^!fiTsiTp>^ (tp@5)6ug) iJirîn m^îP.
f N ^ f ^ ^^"imS ?T-r^ft 1
gjsBJr^GUgj fgjeror^ + c^sugi) aSTPTO^ (^H^ + aJT^) 'first' has
another variant G)to/r<s6i3iT6U^ (GlinTjSsfa + <:%6ii^) ^fc^dlcl^ (*(i<^"j1 +
arr^) 'first' which can also be used as Qm/rêfa rfl ^ 'first'without ordinal
suffix. Example:
82/ An Intensive Course in Tamil
1. 7. 30. C/ B QmirêoiTsv^ iSffîD in^îP.
^f^^ I
The corresponding question form is sTjSjBiggjeugs; ^cclHN^ 'howmanieth'.
It is composed of ej^^Qm l^ccl'f and c^^gj 311^. Example !
Note that the nouns which follow ordinals are not inflected for plural. (Refer
1.6.27) Example:
1. 7. 30. ^^îîtair^^ (tfngOTjsug; i3ijfbio in^îP.
?f^TFTTm f[WT^ tq^q'T +lp-qR I
1.7,31. Consider the following example.
1. 7. 31. cSfsuraa C/BC^CJSUTQI LDQSSTOSI.
As you know, .^sumja 31^^ is third person human plural pronoun. It is here
used to refer to feminine singular to denote respect. Although the epicene
plural pronouns ^si. and c9/J(5 31^^ are used to refer to singular
honorific it is quite common in spoken Tamil to use @sumj5 f and êmiia
ar^W to refer to feminine singular honorific. The epicene plural forms, êi/
and c9;6ii(5 aTcp? are confined to denote only masculine singular honorific,
Sandhi 9. sij ^ is added to the words or particles ending in -ST, -aTT,
-2V -H> -sar -arr, -f^ -aft. and -f^srr when they are followed
by a word or particle beginning in vowel. Example':
+ af)? -> ^^gt^
^^^tjnsnpb^ + g)<oli_ ^j6<57/ra(rjBj5Guj/r(o]i_ (Refer S.8 in 1.5)
ff^T'iTf^ + aft?->ff^Frrf^^
+ d^sugy > (tpigMjsugj (Refer S.3 in 1.2) *
^suiBias 4- fp<S1i_ > ,3{SumiaGeniTQi (Refer S.6 in 1.5)
Notes ; -ihmn -WfT is a truncated form of -îhian It is, in spoken
Tamil, added to any sentence to indicate that the speaker shows reverence,
respect and affection to the hearer. Example ; 'ibixm êua^^rreir G^
LDirmiT. anTT ^ ^TFTT I Similarly, -uuir -cqj which is the
truncated form of ^siLiLJiT aTCCfT is used to indicate the same meaning, -ihiair/
uuiT -WJT/cqj is also used when the hearer is younger to the speaker.
UNI T 1
LES S ON 8
WHOSE UMBRELLA IS THIS ?
DIALOGUE
Srffiîfih : SrQijei^, lufr Mr.Suresh, whose umbrella is this?.
*C!rei% : ,::%LDn-, crsBrCtg)!- Yes, this is my umbrella.
ft/BjSjrixi : <5Jg; UJ(r(?(rfr(olt_ Gu(sa)? Whose pen is that ?
*C(r6j|. : cS/gi ^fj ff-tuiuixQeun- That is Mr. Narasaiah's (pen).
SrfifB^th i ^^fbu iêio^siL Whose book is this ?
ffrQije^ .^/BjS.LJ L/sfOjScipto This is also Mr. Narasaiah's (book).
ap^tjih : ^fi^^ êiresTU Queir- Is this short pencil also his (pencil) ?
ffrQijff^ : êoQso, ereardiggL- No. That is my pencil.
g^:?5?f, an tf?î^ T1%5^ I
gt?T: ar^^g argft^ i
ffi-^jSiru) : S-mjaGsTT/rCBt-
a-G^ffl^ : ^sbGlfiU. sreirGig)- No. It is not mine.
; |wf I ?^ ?^cf I
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
1. S. 32. s76srG(OT)Q(_ QffifrQi_,
CT6srG(gBj(oli_g;.
f H? ? ^^ I
- ' ujfrGiTffQi^/ ?
\^'hich is his pencil ?
That big pencil is his (pencil).
.',s this your handkerchief ?
Lesson 81 83
1. 8. 33. ^fifiu qeiUjSdsu) ^6u(S{rirQiJ$;.
b. Build up drill
(i) ffTsrG@)Qi_$f.
(ii) @;B{S J (I'sirfiBru Qusffr-^gj/iri
rf'bil Ml
(iii) ^1 ffT6ffrG(g)Qi_gi ^sbQso.
CTfisrG(6BjS)t_^
51
6T6BrO(g5)(olt_^.
eT6BrG(gB)(31i_g/
^g/ ereirCigjSlL-gu.
#?1^, 3<c^<Vc^l ?
Gli_jS/r ?
CT6BrG(g5)(oli_j) ^sbQso.
6TirGig$Qi_$i êbQso
(iv) ujffGjriTQi-g/ ?
(u/T(Jjr(rQi_g/ ?
c. Expansion drill
(0 Q:
uj/rCjrnrQL-g; ?
jgig/ UJ(TC(jr(T(olLj^ ?
STf I
qj^ ?,
A : CTSsr GlffiirGli.
If ^ I
(")~ Q ' ^gi vunQifnQL. QSITQL. ?
If ' T ' ^ q^W I
(iii) Q : ^fBjSU qsTUâaii lunGrjirQi-^ 7
i ^qg^prqKt ^?
(iv) Q: sT/Bû (Slu6JT#6b ^si/GirrrGli-gi ?
sp^q 4ftq ar^^t^ i
(v)' Q.: aLfs/Gn'/r(o)i_ fiina5<5igLL(o1(_uj/T ? .
1?^ I 1^ i ? ^; ^ ^ I
(i) ffT6wG(g)Qi_ QanQi^.
Substitute
aii).6sirp'U}
Substitute
S-miaQenirQi
ermdsGsTr/rGlL-
/BicGin/rQi
cS/euGiT/rGli
^suGiTfrQi-
tSjeum/asCcrrfrQi
3|c|ffo(5|'S
(iii) @/BiS* c^' eoreBTL/ (olu65r<#6b
^6uG(r/r(oli_g/.
I^=gr fxp^PT #?RT a r^d^ I
Substitute
QuiPiu
MS/
SI
Lesson's I 87
^g/ 6T6srG(5QL_ Gla/rQi
eT65T(S(g)(S1i_ sin@LLQi_.
6T6irO(65)(olL_ atq-ffin-^LD.
?5 qjt%?Kl I
sTSJrGigjQL- GlueJr^sb.
^g/ 6T6ffrG(65)Q_ 0fr(o)i_.
sj_miG6n-/r(oli_ Q/rQi_.
ermiasGsTrnrGlL Q(rGli_.
îr)GijO(r(oli_ Qn-Qi_.
^gj t9/6uG7(T(oll_ (O1T(O1I_.
?5 3rgd>^ ^ I
^gi cS/sunsiaGerrn-QL- GlaffGli
^6um/Grr(r(o)i_ Q&nQi
If ?Wo5t^ qjfl 1
G(r(rGli_gj. .
f = ^ afg^^f I
G!Tfr(oli_g/. '
ÎfBjSU L/gju (olLJ6ir<#6b tS/suGjTfr-
Qi_g/.
pqg ggq ar^ft^ I
G)i_g/.
88 I An InUmive Course in Tamil
uQipiu
(0 sT6ffrCl!g)(Sli_ Gl65nOi_.
^siiGjr(rQt_ (o)u65T#b.
st-mj<sGsrT(o)t_
ff BJS^^ ^4^2 I
('0 6T6BrG(gS)(o)t_g/.
(t?*nJuJ/iGsufrQigj.
If ^T^^g^^f I
cS/suGiTfrQig/.
^suG!r/r(o)i_gi.
(iii) 6T65rGt6B)(olL_gj.
?? IT^f I
;@gi tSf6uG7/rG1i_g/.
si_mJ6BG6Tr/TQi_g/.
f5 îW^^ I
^!r<FuJuj(TG6iiffClL_g;.
?g ^î^qr^^ I
ti>(6uG(r/rGli_gj. ^
?f STîg^ I
SL-iiiaQennQi^.
^gj ujfrG(r/T(o)i_gj ?
^gj ujn-G{rf7Qi_gi ?
|3 qRWs ?
^gj ujfrG!j-/TQi_gi ?
^g) 6T6irG(65)(oli_gj ^sbGleo.
? ^5=^5 I
^g/ (B!r<?uJujffGeij(r(olL_gj ^sbGleo.
^gi cWsuGirrrGli-g; ^soQeo.
@gj SL-reiaGsTTirQigj ^sbCleo.
EXERCISES
given below.
-Model: ^ g i eT6JrG(g5)(S1i_..... (umbrella)
f5 "Tl^- (umbrella)
^ g / ffT65rGig)(oli_ (o1asT(oli_.
Lesson S / S9
W TsffTG|65)!S)i_ (pencil)
H ' (pencil)
(ii) ^;g/ !bifs=iuujir(IeiiiTQL^...:. (pen)
Srf'R'a^raM (pen)
('"') S2_miC6trirQi_ (handkerchief)
f l 3^# (handkerchief) .
(iv) QussTÂi ^suC(r(TQL_g/, (that)
cff^ I (that)
(v) Qu6irSa) êuGi;tiQL.^. (this)
#?T$T?^t^l (this)-
(vi) <olLj5r#D ^suGljrn^Gligj ? (which)
# ^ argfi^ ? (this^
(vii) tsygi OussTêi). (big)
3fg #?f^ I (big)
h. Frame questions for the answers given below following the models.
Model : A: CTSST QmQi.
Q: ujiT G1(TQI_ ?
(i) GTSBT (olu5T#sb.
(ii) _nsi ein@L.Gli_.
(iii) fijffiuiuiT Ljsiv^sib.
Model: A: eT65rC(SB)(o)i_gj.
Q: luirGgfirQi^ ?
(i) s-miaQennQi^.
(ii) ^(rffuJiu/rCsi/frOigi.
(iii) îB^LJ QuesTSet) êuQijnQi-^.
(iv) dy;;B<SLJ Gu(Soj c^suGjrfrGlL-gi.
Model : A: ^;&{Su Qu-^ jBjrûJuJnrCSsvf
q^ TOP?[Tgl^ ?
(ii) ^fiû QuiPiu GlusBTi^fib êuGifirQL-^.
(iii) . ^ ; B ^ 6ia6(g5il(oli_ st-iiiaGsfrrrQi^^.
i Combine and re*frite the resultant form in the blank provided at the right
side.
Model : 6T65rGig5)(oli_ + <O1(T<O1L_ : crvrG(gS)Qi_$i
(i) 6T5r(l(g)QL_ + (olu65r,#6i) : ;
i ? - ^ + #?r^
(ii) UJITGI;ITQL- + Guis) :
qRt^ + ^ -
(iii) fiijîuiunGsurrQu- + qsrUâub ;
+ 2^pr:
(iv) 2_mjG6Tr(r(o)i_ + qsruâth ;
^fo5t^ + g^cl?^ :
j. (Change these ai^rmative sentences to negative.
(i) eT63TG(SS)(o!l_gl.
(ii) a_(5iaCJOTiT(S)i_gj.
(iii) .^/B^LJ Qu6sr,^6b rbijaûJiuirGeunQL-î,
k. Join the following according to the sandhi rules.
(i) rB!T<FUJUjnr + epQi: (ii) ^su +^Qi :
fT^giqr + 3fr# : sra^ + 3fl^:
@^ûj/T + ^QL. : s^c!5 + g>Qi-,:
if^JTT + 3ft^ : + 3fti
LD60fr + S^G1L_ : ujfi(5 + cpGiL- ;
cf)H^ + 5^: qre + 3fr^;
...Lessons I 91
(iii) a_m/ffi + g>Qi_ ; (iv) ereor + ; ................
W ^ arl^g^: If 'T + s f l ^ : .
c9j6UfE/a + g)Qi_ ;
s ra f + s f ^ :
^su/E/ffi + ^S1L_ ; .
f^S' + 3^^:
I. Answer these questions.
(ii) <S11 Si-iiisQerrirQi Qu<s)euiT ?
(iii) ffTfiû Ljeivâih H-miaQennQi^ ?
(iv) ^^â QSITQL. S-miaQenrrQi-^rr ?
VOCABULARY
UJ/r 'whose' QairGlL. 'umbrella'
Gu(g5) 'pen' ^/B^ 'tbis'
<^65r6ifr 'small' er^^ 'which'
cS/fBjS 'that' 63)ffi@LLQi_ 'handkerchief'
GRAMMAR
1.8.32. Apart from various nouns which occur as predicates in equational
sentences (Refer 1.1.1) the pronominalized forms can also have the function of
predicate in Tamil. Thfey can be formed from i) genitives and ii) adjectives
by suffixing to them the remote demonstrative pronoun 'that'. Our
immediate concern in this lesson is the first kind of pronominalized form. Let
us consider the following example.
1. 8. 32. 6T6srGiB)Gli_gj.
The genitive form sreirGiSB)! ^^=5=1^^ 'my' is pronominalized by transforming
the nounClfrQi_ q^'umbrella' into its corresponding remote demonstrative
pronoun i.e. Sff 'that' and adding it to eTeirGig5)(oli_ tf?^^ 'my'. Now
the pronominalized sentence would be as follows.
1.8.32. ^gj 6TS5rG(6S)(?li_gj.
The corresponding negative of this sentence type is expressed by adding the
negative verb âsQeo fwl 'not' at the end as in other equational sentences.
(Refer 1.3.11).
1. 8 . 3 2 . sTfiBr<3(a)(S1i_g/ ^stsGlso.
ff I ^ H V ^ ?55f I
1.8,33. ^ffi^ 'this' and 3p^ 'that' are demonstrative adjectives.
îBjS 'this' denotes the thing or person indicated by the following noun
which is proximate to the speaker and C9/;B<S 'that' denotes the thing or
person indicated by the following noun which is remote from the speaker.
Example:
1. 8. 33. ^/BjSu qsfOjSain êuQijrrQi-^.
tS//Bi5tJ L;sfDjStn ^suGjrirQL-g;.
etjBiS 'which' is the question form. Example :
1. 8. 33. er^û q6fo<sin cS/suGiritCligj ?
It is to be noted that these adjectives do not distinguish either number or
gender.
Sandhi 10. 31- in the demonstrative pronoun Sfg 'that' is dropped
when it is added to the genitives. Example :
^suG(r(T(olL_ + c9/gJ cS/suGirn-L-gj
31^Tt^ + 311 3Icrd^
6T65TGtss)Qt_ + c9)gJ eT6JrG(g)Qi_g;
+ 3I| t??5=TWl
Sandhi 1 1 The final consonants that are preceded by a short vowel in the
monosyllabic words are doubled when they are followed by a word or particle
beginning in a vowel. Example :
6T60T + f^toll ^ 6T6SrG!gB)(o)l_
^!f9iuvLtn + i^Qi > ffiijaîuvunQeunQi- (Refer S.9 in 1.7)
^T.W-m + 3ft^-^H<y"lN")i
@/B^ + QuesrSeo > ^/BjSU (o1u6BTi#fib
cSf/BjS qefogain ->^^j5U L/sfOjaain
3T^ + 3^?i[->3F^ g?cI5^
sTfBjS + QuesrS'so êrffiû QumSeo
. ^6BT6OT + Glucffr^sb > <^6sr6!jTu QueisTêo (Refer S.4 in 1.2)
UNI T 1
LES S ON 9
IN THE HOSTEL ROOM
DIALOGUE
jBtbuiT ermm ?
C!r6)%.; 6T5r Op ^ L O u /r
CigjGlt ^sjQjD ;B LD uIT
9^:' f' l; 3if ^TT^ Tf^^T^-
Suresh, What is your room number ?
My room number is eleven...Soman's
room number is twelve.
Is it your almirah ?
s^CSijei^ :,^LDfT.,.^Qêbeorrth
(*6iifr(oli_ L/sfOjSasio.
qsfoâtb ersbso/rtii
a_mjGfin-/r0L_^(T ?
g'^sfT^: gF^^ggqgwq ^^^^
wGijffl^ : ^sbQso, (o) jS sb so lis
;B!r*uJu-"TG6iJ(r(o)i_gi.
Orffi^mh : êo eon ih lunr
^BfTûJujn-Gsij/rGigj ;
!r6iS'Guj/rQt_g;.
ffrfiîfih : fimis ST ed eon th li
Gujilsroir ?
g j ^ : 'flW <? WTFT %ff?IT ?
Lb GiDLlchJ.
g^, : STRT. TTSF t? wlT^
I
Yes...these are all Hindi books.
Which are all Narasaiah's books ?
Those arc all Narasaiah's books.
Are all those note books yours ?
No, those are all Narasaiah's.
Whose cots are all these ?
This is my cot; this is Narasaiah's
that is Ravi's.
Are all of you room fiiates ?
Yes, we are all room mates.
Lesson 9/95
DRILLS
4. Vairiation cirtll
^Qâieoirii jbirûJiufrQeuiiQi-. qsrOjSau).
firQjSsbfiOiru) fiâ'iuiuiiQeiJirQL. qeroâih ?
^^^^^^ 'Hm\d!\4 g?ci?iT ?
' 1. 9 . 3 5 . cSj/BjS G;fi/rLlu qefUjSau) ffrebeuiru)
îtes^ S?c!i?^; ^wfiq; ^TT?tî i
1. 9. 36. !birmis eraêonih ti QiniLeiv.
fiiiia srebsofrii) gjii GLDLLSTO/T ?
b. Build up drill
(i) ^Qêbeonih ^rfaûLnuir- ^Qêoeonih ;B!ra=uJujfrGsu/rQ_
GnjrrGlL- qcrOâii). qsroâti).
^(ra=uJuj/TG6U/r(oli_ /B(r#uJuj/rG6u/7'Qi_ L/sfUjSaii)
(ii) ^Gl^sbsofTU) jB!T*uJuj(r- ^rS/O^sbsOTti) /BjrauJujn-GcuffQi-gj.
G6u/r(o1i_g/.
^jTffuJuj/TGsufrSligj ^!r(?uJujfrGfiu/r(oli_gj.
(iii) fiamia eraseoita^ (rû>
QiDiLek).
<f5ii) QiDL-eh)
jbiTiiia
(iv) ^liia 6Tfibso/r(5X) li
^1 ?
c. Expansion drill
(i) ^CIjSsbsoiTin qefoâBii).
f^^TFT 3?a?fi; I
(ii) =9j/BjS GpiTL-Qu L/enJjsaii)
^ I '
(iii) ^(Trej ID GtDL-sfo.
ersbsoircjib lis Cicilcfi)
{bnmia sTOOeoirarîh in CLOilsfo.
in GwiL&v
6T6t)SD(r(5iis m GLDtlero
frAia 6Tfib60/T(5ii) in GiniLsrOir ?
<:9//B^ G/BfTL-Ou L/srOjSaii)
/B!7'9=iJu-i/rG6u/r(o)L_g/.
S/j5jS G^n'ilCJu qsfoâLD
ersbfiun-ii) jB!ra=uJujffG6U(r(olt_@j.
'Ttegq 3?ciP( qwTT^
^ I '
ffifriEi* tb GinilsrO.
TH? ^ 1
^/rrsjiSE CTebeu/rîi) Lb GicitLeiO,
Lesson'! I 97
(i) Q: erQfb&oeonih îjîutuQeuirQu. L/sfoâin ?
q^wITJT ^?Fn^V SWT ?
(ii) Q: ^liis srAieotT^tTfih in GwiLetOir ?
(iii) Q: SLmia /Binuir sTsiTfisr ?
(i) sTffrG(S)Gli atluf-sb.
Substitute
;BTp/rsi9
(ii) ereir ^Qp jbihuir
Substitute
ueBTSsPGljTsror
qc5
ailNl
sT65r(5ig)Qi_ ffiLlirj-sv),
ST6JrG(g)(o)i_ GinQff.
q^3T^'=F^qf^^rfT^ I
ersir ^Qip ^thun UjSg/.
6T6sr cSjClp /Biiuff Q>inugj.
67687 c9/<olp jBinU/f 6711.
c9/(^5r ffrsir cSj&'iD rbihuH c3)(g5*.
(iii) fiitiiia eTeb&)a(tf,tb ih ;Bfrns/ srrsbsoir^Lb li Gimlsfo.
Substitute
/B/riD /BirtD 6Tsbs0fr(5ii) L D GLDLLSYO.
^liis jf fEia ffT6b60/T((5ii li) GujLlero.
ar^^ , arg^ q^^rr^^ ?rOT I
(i) ^Qêceoinh îBîJ erQêbeorrih ^^û qsroâtn ?
qsfoîSSLb.
^^]^ ff^tT g^^ff 1 q^Ww f3?cTW^ ?
qsrOiSatn.
EXERCISES
below.
Model: sreor ^Qp jbihun (eleven)
q^TarîT^ (eleven)
qâr^^TT^qf^^'J^ I
(i) G<5FfrLDGtS8)Qt_ ^Qno /Binu/r (twelve)
i^\M^4 arf qT^- (twelve) '
(ii) jgfBjSu qsrO{Stb. (all these)
f t ^ 1 (all these)
(all)
Lesson 9 / 99
H&O^&ih. (all those)
==R^H^WS?c}HJ (all those)
(iv) tSz/BjB Q^nCû nervâth ^^sîuiunQeuitQi^.
^ ^>3gq W ^ H f R ^ r a t ^ i (all)
(v) jBirmia u) CuDL-sio. (all)
^ I (all)
(vi) sTfisr (almirah)
f5 qjj^ (almirah)
(vii) ^QêbeoiTih IUITGIJUQL. (cots)
(cots).
(viii) ^QêbeoiTih Ljeroâth. (Hindi)
I (Hindi)
Frame questions for the answers given below following the model .
Model : A: ^Q^dieoirth ib^ffiuujfTQeuiTQi qeruâsu).
Q: erQÂieoiTih ;B!r<5FuJiu(rC6uiT(oli_ qsfoâin?
(i) ^(Jl^sbson-ii) ^^û qsfOjaati).
(ii) t:9((ol^sbso/rijb GjbiTL-(Su qsfoâsii.
(iii) ^jQêbeoiTth îj'S'vuiunGeunQi-^-
Write the following figures in Tamil.
8: II:-
9 : 1 2 ; . . . . .
10 :
Frame nine sentences from the table given below.
s9/(o1jSbfiU/r(i)
erQfbecieoniii
(i) 9/ g/ + sieoeoaib;
I5 + ? ?5n^:
+ ffrA)eottih :
55 +
CTg/ + erôeomh :
+ ?wUff :
(ii) êoiaitiP + ^ :
SRWrft + 3IT :
@jBi5 + ^ :
?f5=^ + 3fT :
uitiieu^ + ^ :
qr^f^ + STT:
ifiSlfiureiS' + ^ :
ir4l% + srr.-
(ii) si_/Bj c9jQ(D jBinufT u6Brsirf'(ol(riAri_n' ?
(iii) a-.mi& li Gus l . uj/r ?
(iv) ^Gljssbsoirii) a_PEjC6rr(rG)L_ qsrOiSainfr ?
3W=o5t^ q^cTflTT ?
VOCABULARY
67(o1j56b60n-ti)
S7bfi0(rii)
in Gldl-sto
'number'
'twelve'
'all these'
'which/what
are all these/
those'
'all'
'room mates'
Lj<(o)igS)6sirr@U
sSyQiSebsOTti)
qjfpr
676b60IT til
'eleven'
'almirah'
'the Hindi
language'
'all those'
'cot'
'all (human)'
GRAMMAR
i.9.34. CTsbeo/rii) iT^^fp^'air is a determinative pronoun. It consists of
67sb60T q wTT and the conjunctive particle -sîh This functions here as
the subject of the sentence along with the neuter pronouns such as |g
'this', xS\i Sff 'that' and 67gj qg 'which'. Example :
Lesson 9 / 101
1. 9. 34. ^5)jS6ba)frio ^fiû Lfeioâth.
^^^^ m^^\'<^4 '
1.9-35. Note that in the above sentences the determinative pronouns are '
preceded by the plural nouns that are not marked for number explicitely.
These determinative pronouns can be expanded as demonstrative adjective
+ N + erdieoiTth Example :
1.9.35. ^/BjBG^fTiLû qsfOjStbsTfib6i3frin/B!rffuJtu/TGfiiJfrQi_gj.
^25^ 3^1; q?5TFT 'IK^FnglS^ I
1.9.36. Like other pronouns the determinative pronoun also distinguishes
gender, erebsufrîii q55TT^ 'aH (the persons)' denotes non-neuter gender. It
is also used with the conjunctive parficle -ii-ih(eTA)eOiriT + B-W'=^fbeOiT(jîh).
-g;^ (qwn'^-t-^ = '?wrT^)- In spoken Tamil the gender distinction between
the use of erAieOiTLb (f^^TT^ and ersbsUir^Ln q?5TT^ is not strictly maintained.
In other words, both erAieoiTih q?5f and srebso/rcjii) t?5$f may be used
with the human pronouns. Example :
1. 9. 36. ibiTiiia ffTsbso/Tii) in Ginilefo.
IbiTiiia 6T6bsorrin in GIB LLST O.
Sandhi 12. When the conjunctive particle -a_ii) -HT is added to ereveoir-
qwTT- the vowel -a_ is lost i.e., ersbsofr + SL-LD => STfibsOTin ^^11 +
, . êoiDiTi? -I- ^ > .Sieotnrrifiuir
'SfwufK + an - > ar ^ nr r l w
p-si? + g>(Slt_ ^jrsiSiujfrQL. (ReferS.Sin 1.5)
GjbiTiL + qsfOiSaii) -> G;BfrilLi qsri^jStfin (Refer S.5 in 1.2)
UNI T 1
LE S S ON 10
OF WHAT NATURE IS RADHA
DIALOGUE
*G(rsi^ ; iTffl?, ^/BiS ^{pa/resr effQ Mr. Ravi, whose is this beautiful
IUITGI/ITQL.^ ? house ?
ir^? ; ^g, ereir ^Ge^S^G&Q,_ J^'^ 7, ^"f"^^ house...That tall
'^^^ w house IS Mala s house.
6i7(5i....^^jg epiuijiDrrm
Gif (5 iD/rsorrGsu/rQi6)7(5,
a^Girei^ ; inrredT lu/r ? Who is Mala ?
Lessou to I 103
jra? : urn ecu erm ^Qei!rS^Gis)QL-
wnwnGsiitTQL- Qifem-
t_(TS)L/g/ ii3-...<ol(r/rtbu<J=
ffr^0tûunssi Quit-
: TTciT q^ f^T^ffSt^^ ^*rraW
qtrpTTfo^l
uj/r ?
: 3Tcio5W JTT^ I
ffi-0(r6i% .' (TiT^fr eTiJuu)-UULLi_
g^^ : TJ^ qcqf%cqg qfti^ ?
ftG{r6i% : ^, i; IT ^ IT G eu rr Gli
g^q! ^ TT^ V te^ l l ^ ?
JTSI? : tû3/r, fBireir tjiT^nGsuirQi
<^GOTr<5<Z65r ; ir IT ^ IT
6T65rG(g5))l_ ^ÎGsOTî^.
*-G!rffl% :_<nJT- ^GearS ^ îh
gtq: 3^%^r? ^ qs^^ft
L0ff6S5T6U6ar.
Mala is the secend daughter of the
uncle of my friend-Slie is a very
active girl.
a /r Who is her elder sister ?
Radha is her elder sister.
9^ : p^qqq^qr^- ?
Of what nature is Radha ?
She is a very quiet girl.
Are you Radha's friend ?
Yes I am Radha's friend ; Radha is
my friend.
Is your friend also a college student ?
Yes, he is also a college student.
Who is this boy ?
(fas': ^6um errm ^QesrS^Qi^Qt-
^ 5^ q^ l?r%tfcT^^ cTfj^ I
ffrQije^ : Qu(!f) ersjrssr ?
He is my friend's younger brother.
What (is his) name ?
His name is Murugan.
(Who is) this girl ?
She is Mala's younger sister... Her
name is Shanthi.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
1. 10. 37. LDireonr aguagj/uuffsor Qurrsm^n.
1. 10. 38. cSysu ixnTwirGeuirQL- tpa.
sS/fiu uj/r ?
arcf^T^?
1. 10 . 3 9 . Gu(5 IÎTÎT.
arg ^ ^ I
^fflj Gu 6T6ffr65r ?.
Lesson 10 / 105
1. 10 . 40. c9f6U9r ffrmGt^Qi- ^Gf^S^.
cSysusBT luaGirnQL. SG^Sâr 7
1. 10 . 4 1 . vSjsusBr Gu(rf) [firggrr.
1. 10 . 4 2 . /ff jr/rjBffGsurtQL. .^(5;B.5^65r.
1. 10 . 4 3 . 2L.63r SG^S^tjT) iciressrsvj.
S2_6iir ^GjbS^(i^ inttemeuifn 7
b. Build up drill
(i) uD/rso(T a-gjjaigjiuuiresr
(olufrgrorgEOi
inasoir
(ii) jTfr^/r eruunf-UULlu.
GluiTssirr^l/ ?
S TU L J I ^ L J U l L I (oIU(TBST@ )) ?
JTMT g^g^cqpr qinq i
QUIT em ^
Tjfmi
ovpapuun-siiT Quiraror^
iDireoiT ax^ffrûunssT Glufrsrorîj.
ffTuutq-LJUL-L- QuiTemîi 7
tiqqf;gqqSS qfoy^ ?
[rrr<aT 6Tuuu).uUL.i_ Qufrarorgp ?
q trqfetrqffs qforw ?
W6 I An Intensive Course in Tamil
(iii) ^61/ inneonQeanQi^ jS(HiQ.
fg HMmW cl^ I
irmeonQsunQi-.
(iv) êu Gu(5 sîTfi^.
c. Expansion drill
(i) Qu/rssiiTgg);.
g^g^cCTH q ^ t
(ii) ^g/ STSQ.
(iii) ^suesr fSinL?.
(iv) ^SU ^(Bj(ol66.
in/r60/rG6u/T(o1i_ <sns/Oas.
fg TTTTr^^ cTW I
Gu 9nPb^
c/su (oluffgnin-gsB);.
3fg qfo^ 1
3f Î I
f^cTlT^ I
^suesr i#G/B<5^G@Qi_ îniJ'.
Lesson 10 / 107
A : ^g/ erm ^GjbS^Gi^QL. aSQ.
(ii) Q , : icireoirGstJiTQL- ^65(r ujfT ?
A : inneotrGeunQt-. C9/T fft^n.
(iii) Q : (rTjSfr 6TUUI) .J UL.I_ (olu/resirr^j/ ?
W qcqf%cqg qfog ?
A : [TiTjS'r cS/i_atfi(r65r (olu/reuirr^.
W^TiWTPT q^ I
(iv) Q : ^fi^Li Qunem^ ujir 7
(i) c9/siJ aastnfran-
Oun'eBifr^);.
Substitute
6f)iiJ!rin(T65r
a?ifqwFf
#65r6sr
(ii) c9/su 6T63r SGfbS^.
Substitute
?g
arg argggj^pr qfW i
am g^^g^TT^ tfrw 1 .
m artm^TFT qf w 1
^6>J <#64rS!irLJ CluiTWBT^JJ.
a?g f%pfTq qfoiq I
^su jBfibco GluffSBJrr^.
^ t^FM I
,c9/6U 6TSBT S<GjbS^.
?3 I
(iii) c9(eusr (^pfQaeSiT.
Substitute
(iv) U3/TSO(T(36U(TG1L_ <s\A&n uj/r ?
Substitute
ins
jBtnL?'
tD/rinnr
(i) ^6iJ apa-gj/uu/reir
QL/fresin^ji'.
Qutrem^'
jS/gj fijjujirtnfreur ci?-
inireo/rGfiUfrQi ^dbinir lufr ?
ijO(r60frGsu/rQi_ ÛUIT l uir ?
rrrar^ arqTT m ?
infTsorrGsu/rQi. LDi SB l u/ r ?
inireoirGstiirQu. iDasir i l k t ?
in/reoirCeu/rGli ^ i bl ? ujfr ?
cSySU ffTUUI4.lJUL.L_ (olUfTSsiT^ ?
!r/r<a(r sruuiq-uuili- (S1u/T6iwr@u ?
T\m qaqt%qqf tfr^ ?
ffTUUIq-UUlll fi)? ?
aT5 qqqftqqes ^ ?
EXERCISES
g, Fill in the blanks using the cues given in parentheses as in the model given
below.
Model: ereir ^GmS^G'^Qi.... (house)
f l q^f%%ft^H^^ (house)
eT65T ^GesTS^Gis)Qi-. aSQ. ^
, , : Lesson W / 109
(i) ^suesr gj LDnmrsiim. (college) '
^3l%3ft^ JnWÎ Ccollege)
(ii) ..ijrTpnQeunQL. ^QGVTSÎ^ 1 (You-sg)
TT^T^ t?T%t^ ? (you-sg)'
(iii) > g}(5 asbgj/r/P tc/resursuesr. (that-he) ,
Sjf^ TTfJig^ I (that-he)
(iv) ^su iDfTfiO/rGei/frQi (younger sister)
fWTTcTT^^ (younger sister)
(v) unreOiTGeuirGli Gu jr/r^/r. (elder sister)
T T ^ ^ ^ W I (eider sister)
(vi) ^/BjS #G657-J^G(g5)(Sli_ înL?. (boy)
1^ %^ t ? ^ ^ cTIt^ 1 (boy)
(vii) c9j6u ffTssT iSmjio)aGuj(TGli_... (girl friend)
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ (girl friend)
(viii) sTfisr.- a5t)@2/7-'P tniremeyeir. (friend)
q^ - ^^V^ 1 (friend)
(ix) ^fi^ SI? u:/T60/rGsijfr(oli_g;. (tall)
ftf +1 HI41^5 I (tall)
(x) ^gj 6i?(5. (beautiful)
?f ^ I (beautiful)
(xi) êu QijriTihu ...Quirem^. (quiet)
31^^ I (quiet)
(xii) tSiSu (oliTfrixiLj QufreiraT@i. (active)
sr^Ttr^ qfoq I (active)
h. Fill in the blanks using the corresponding oblique forms of the given
pronouns.
(i) êu iD/rswnrGsii/rQi ^miQs, .
Gu ffT/BjS.
" - ^ I
(ii) .siSii sTssr inn'in/rGfix/irSli tn.
sra q^ *ll+llq)'S i
..vGu(5 (r/r<s/r.
..-tlîWI
(iii) ^susir STOTT #G/B<d?cS6ir.
i....,..:.......Gu(s ifiTsgiT. ,
^ 1
1101 An Intensive Ceurse in Tamil
(iv) ^sitm erm SGSSTS^GI^QL- ^thi3.
Gu (ip([565r.
^ ^ ^ ' T ' ^ t l
(v) iS (T/rjSn-GsunrQL. SGetsrSâsr,
^GfiS^(r^ irmemena^.
f?r^f?^ ^pig^ i,
i. Fill in the blanks using the appropriate pronouns of the givep possessive
forms.
(i) êum Gu (r/rgjT.
CTSsr
q ^ f ^ T ^ f f ^ l
(ii) êv Gu( iîrîr.
STsir intrinfrGsiifrGlL- usa.
q^' TWRl ^^l
(iii) ^Gum GufiT, (ip(rT,aei!T.
eresT
ql ^^l sqil ' l cllrsr I
(iv) êii Gu(5 s^n^^.
inireonGeunQL. ^liiQa.
*1lcliqlcl^ I
(v) 2_6ir<^Gfi57-^jS(5 mnemexKiT).
[rfrjSirGeuirGlL. SGenrSêiT.
W^ f e ^ f l ^ J
j. Give the corresponding possessive forms of the following pronouns.
(i) /BfTsJr : (v) /ffni/ ;
SnTT^: 'fTff
(ii) ffinm : (vi) ^ s us i r :
miT:
(iii) jbiTiiis : (vii) ^6U6sr : .....
^ : :
(iv) : (viii) ^sii :
5ft :
Lesson 10/ 111
(ix) ^6U ; ....
(x) cSjsu :
(xi) ^6U(5 ; .
1^ :
(xii) cs/fium/a ;
3rg#:
(xiii) êumia : .
(i) ^sijesr
mw
(ii) /BTin
TFT
tnrrafSTsiKB/a
M m
1. Transform the following nouns into adjectives.
(j) <^y>& ('") * p* puq
sf ^
(ii) spiujrii) (iv) <s/i_in : .....
. affjR^ : ai^<t*+l:
m. Frame questions for the answers given below following the model.
Model: A: ^fafb eS ^ytatrm sif.
Q: ^^jS ei?(9 erCjuiq-uuiLu. eSQ ?
(i) eîuijmiTesT eSQ.
(ii) rSieu Qtrniiu îsaLDtresr Ouirawrgp.
(iii) êueir ^{panesr enuiueir.
(iv) Qir/rinuff srpwpuuirajr (olufrarargji/.
. Arrange the words in the proper order to make a,sentence,
(i) IUUQÎTQI^ ^[parrm siS" ^ffi^.
(ii) 6if(5 ^GbTnS^Q<gs)Qi-. sxesr @g;.
(iii) -gj/piJu/rfi5r ^su Qt;nihu Qunem^^.
(iv) (5y/B^ siuu[^.uu\Li Quffesbr^ iju^n.
Frame eight sentences from the table given below.
Example Qt^nihu ,s{\fis,neisT Qunemî.
3Tg ^ ar s f Ff qlow I
cS>/61J
3Tcf
?g
Q^rfTtnu
avpa-gyuL/
Glu/rsiwr^j;
. Join the following according to the sandhi rules.
(i) g>uJ!rm + ^6sr : (ii) + ^65t :
l]fjR^ + STFT : Si ^ + STT^ : ..
î_ii5 + ^csr : a-gjjftpuL) + ^6BT
Answer these questions.
(i) sj_/Bi eSQ sruuis^LJUL-i eSQ ?
(ii) sa_/5/ i#CB65r.dJiS(5 uj t ?
(iii) E_mi<B cS/ffiair Gu ereirm ?
(iv) a_/Ei ^mGliB Cu ffresresr y
^ Cl!^ ^ ^5=^ ?
(v) s_m/ ^/6jQ sTuudj-LJutlL. Qu/raiifrgp ?
Lesson 10/ 113
(vi) s_iGia SGsisrSfi(r^ 6Ba3@jnr/P unrsmaifn 7
(vii) fl_ns/ fiibiS Cu sresran- 7
(viii) a_rBj jSiiL? wgj/argj/ijijffeiir siouuJigB) ?
(ix) a_fB/6s rfiGsBTJjS 6TiJuii).uuili_ Qurrem^ 7
V O C A B U L A R Y
'beautiful' 'house'
'boy friend' 'tall'
3?fqWT
'that-she' argj/arpuuirssr , 'active'
'girl' 'elder sister'
ffTUUtlJ-UULlL- 'what kind of/ cS/iinfrsar 'quiet'
of what nature'
/if
'you, (sg.) girl friend'
^ M
C_6ST 'your (sg.)' 'college'
'that he' ewuiuejr 'boy'
qq^
'this he' jSint? 'younger brother'
?^
@6U65r 'this his' . 'tKis-she'
'younger sister' ^su 'this-her'
G R A M M A R
1.10.37. This lesson introduces the derived adjectives. The adjectives such
as *p*puufr6sr g^g^LUJH 'active' and î_AmiirTSST Sjsq-qj+lN 'quiet'
are derived from the noun avpw-puL/ Q^Q^cg 'activeness' and ^syi-aasin
3I4<4)^ 'humility' respectively by suffixing the marker -,ôTn- -Sfpf. Like
base adjectives (Refer 1.4.13) these adjectives always precede nouns and they
io not agree with them in gender and number. Example :
1. 10. 37, LDireon ^^Srûuiresr Quirsm^.
In a sentence thk adjective is questioned as sTiJu4.uu1J.1_ ^txif%cq33 'what
kind of/of what nature? Example:
1. 10. 37. jriTjSir sruuiq-uuilt- Qunem^ ?
1. 10 . 3 8 . @aj 'this-she' and êu ST^ 'that-she' are the third person
feminine singular pronouns. Example :
1. 10 . 38, ôj inneoirGeurrQi ^liiQa.
c9<su LD/nnrrGsufrQi- ma.
1. 10 . 3 9 . The corresponding oblique bases of the above pronouns are identical
with the nominatives. Example ;
1. 10 . 3 9 . êii Cu(5 i;ttîT,
^SU GU(5 SFIT^^.
1. 10 . 4 0 . ^susir fg?f 'this-he' and ^sussr Sf^^ 'that-he-' ate the third person
masculine singular pronouns. Example :
1. 10 . 4 0 . ^sueir TesrC(6j)Qt_ SG^âr,
gisuOT ^GjbS^Gi^QL. îhi3.
1. 10 . 4 1. The corresponding oblique bases of the above pronouns are identical
with the nominatives. Example :
1. 10 . 4 1 . tj<su6sr Guc5 jr/rgj/r.
3^53^^ usrr I
^svisir Gu (tpoaeir.
' : - Lesson 70/ 115
Now the third person pronouns or the demonstrative pronouns and their
oblique bases can be diagrammatically represented as follows.
Third Person
>
Nominative Oblique
Masculine
Feminine
?g
Honorific
am
^
Neuter
? H
c9/gy
3T
^sunsia
Plural Id*
(human) (human)
1. 10 . 4 2 . /ff 'you' is the second person singular pronoun. It refers to the
hearer in a speech situation (Refer 1,1.1). Example:
1. 10 . 4 2 . $ ifn^nQsuitQi- S'Q^^m.
1. 10 . 4 3 . L-5r 'your' is the corresponding oblique base of this pronoun.
Example :
1. 10 . 4 3 . 2_6sr ^Q^S^df) mnemeuifn 1
Now the second person pronouns and their oblique bases can be diagramma-
tically represented as foUowes,
Second Person
Nominative Oblique
Singular
Plural ^
suiiis
Sandhi 13. The pronouns such as ^su ^^ 'this-she' and ^su SJcf 'that-she'
are correspondingly realized aBêueh ^^35^ and êueh aTôS^ when a word
or particle beginning with vowel is added to them. Example ;
+ êiiQeirtrClL.
9/fiK -I- ^G1l_ âiQerrirQL.
am + 3^->amo^
wireciir -I- ^<o1l_ > iLireoirQeuirQi-
inn-io/r + i^Qi > LD/ruj/rGeuffQt-
ffM + afr^ ^TT^gt^
(TTjSn- + > (r/rjB/rGsufrSlu. (Refer S. 9 in 1.7)
U^T + a ^
iSi6)j(ff) + a_ii) - > ^6U(5ii) (Refer S. 12 in 1.9)
V
4
UNI T 1
LES S ON 11
WHAT IS THE NUMBER OF THIS HOUSE ?
D I A L O G U E
jbifîiJiuir : 6TjsîgB)ii) i^LbuiT What is the number of this house ?
61??
s^Gije^ : u^(ipiss)ih jBihuH The number of this house is thirteen.
61?.
IbifS'UJiuiT : ^ g/jB T eir jreiS'CujfrQi Is this the house of Ravi's friend ?
6)?i_(r ?
OrGife^ : d?j)tn/r...cS/gJ nn^n 6i?. Yes.... That is Radha's house.
jB(r*uJuj(r ; c9/g/ Qifirthuu QuiP- That (house is) very big, isn' t it ?
/BSrffiuuJT: (rnr^fr eruuis^.uuCieu7
6-reoeQn(!T)ih ijrr^rrQevirQL-
cS/su'Si.s srebeomh (TC J ?-
inrTLDrr Qurrem^niiis.
fiijffiuujrr : ijir^nGeunQL- ûun
ffrGije^, : !r(g/B/r^6sr...c9/sU(5 sp
60U Gu/r/T^ iiPtu.
Yes.
Of what nature is Radha ?
Radha is very quiet...Mala, Shanthi
all are Radha's younger sisters. They
are all the daughters of the uncle of
of Ravi's friend.
What is the name of Radha's father ?
(His name is) Ragunathan...He is an
efficient English professor.
rbij ffiuiurt:^ / B ^ U snuiuesr ujff ?. Who is this boy ?
anesreumr.
This boy is the younger brother of
Ravi's friend... He is very mischie-
vous.
D RI LLS
a. Variation drill
1.11.44.
1.11.45.
1.11.46.
b. Build up drill
er^^îh rbthuir si? ?
ijnâ eruutn-uuiLisu ?
cSjg/ Qrfrtihuu QufPtu si?.
Qymhuu Quifiu^.
c9/su(5 sp(5 QfsQfDQLOiqsfrsrr ^ . ^ r Pi u .
c^ su sTuuj9.uuil.1_ c<|jrfiff'uj(5 ?
(i) u^^@B)to û)U(f si?.
S I ? /
Uj^^yjigjpLC /Biiiurr
g / UsSjpigajtn rfiinurf si?-
^
u^^tpigMjii) fBtcurr si?.
u^ftpigOTjii) nsLDUff S I ? .
Lesson 11/119
ffT^<S(g;ii) utiuiT f ?
(iii) ijiT^fT QifrrLcu ssyiaatc/rssrsu.
(iv) j/Tjg/r 6TLJ LJ J J [J .IJ LJ LLI_6U ?
6TlJUtIJ.tJUL.l_SU ?
7n-^/T
(v) 59i'6U(!5 sp(5 (olgQ(D(o1tj3U^sfr6tr
Gl^fffOfftCIL/sfrSTT
(vi) ^;su(j5 6TtJui4.iJutli_
, 6TlJUll).tJUtlL_ ^#/Puj(5 ?
^61.'
c. Expansion drill
(i) 7(r<ST <;Î_<SBLD/T6!(T6L/.
(ii) Qu/Piugj.
QfTiTibuu QufPujg/
(iii) ^'sii Gu(rii#/Puj(5.
QgQffjGltDiL/srrsrr Guijrr-
6^(5 Gu!r/T^(Puj(5
6T<SjS(SS)tn /Btnuif 61??
eT^^{Q)ib fiLhun 6i? ?
^ g ; 6TjS^(g)tn ;Btbu(T si? ?
!r/T<a/ri,(o)7Tinu c9(L_<55ffitD(r6srsu.
c9/i_inn-s5r6u
GljrfrLDu cSji_<s5i5BLDnr6iif6u
[TfT^/T Qjrn-tnu ,î_ainn'S5T6u.
!r/r<ST 6TtJuti).tJULLt_su ?
6TUUl4-tJUll.l_6U ?
(T/T^n- 6TtJUli).tJULlt_SlJ ?
c9/6U(5 sp(5 (o)<B<o)(D(o)tnu./sfrsTr
Q^QfDQtniqsTTsrr ^^t^rfûj
(Dlg(ol/D(o)tnit./sfr6rr c^cîffiL/
cSjsu s^ (oljaGlfljGltDiL/sfrsTT
c9/SU(5 STtJUtJ).lJUlll_ ^^lPuj(!T) ?
eruLJUf-UutLi ^^/Puj ?
^ SU STLJUIq-lJULll c^rflfPlU ?
(T/icSjr 5î_(SStn/r6i5r6iJ.
7/r^(T (ol(r/Ttbu c9Jla65tDfr69T6LI.
^ 1 ClufPtugj.
(oliT/rtbutJ (olufPujgy.
c^SU GuiTff.^'fPtU.
^su(5 c^fEt^sotJ Gu!r;ri#(Puj(5.
^su(5 QjsSlpjQintqsrrsjT dfe/BiidisotJ
GujrT^/PuJdj.
csysu(5 6^(5 GljsO/DGlLoiqsfrsir t^rd/-
^60tJ GuiT/rrf'/Puj.
(iv) 61?.
u^ftpigMjii) fiihuii 61?
SI 61?.
^g/ Uj{ip@B)in ;Bii)u/r si?.
(') Q.- 6T<s^(gB)in jBinuff 61? ?
A : u^yîîh îhurr ei?.
(ii) Q : 61? Qtjnihuu QuiPujgy; ^ sbG so?
A: ^ uDfr. cSy/BcS 61? CliT/rinutJ GlurPiug;.
(iii) Q : tjn^nffTiJUL).tJULLi_su ?
(iv) Q : ^sU(!T) 6 TUUI I ) . UULLI L_ CJu^n-.^(f UJ(5 ?
A : cS|SU(5 Q^GlrDGliniqsrrsTT QUIJITÎ?'IU(!T).
(i) u^yiiss)Lb ibihuir si?.
Substitute
u^Q(OT)sairr (653)1X1
6TL_l_(TLb
(ii) =9/61/(5 Q^Gl/oQtDU.j'rfrsTr
Gutr/r#rPuj(5.
Substitute
c^(_t)(r65r
spuj/rtD/rsiir
166060
(iii) ^ 6U(5 c^fBji^sou
GuiTfTc^fPuj.
Substitute
iseJrsiSTiCLb)
intolsoujrrsTTftn)
(iv) êusiir Q;;mhu^
gjiS(TSirrsu65r.
Substitute
*-gu*gULiUfr65rsu6ih'
U^(lp(6OT)t) rbihuiT 61?.
f u^ssPQijesTTL^mh fiihuir si?,
(gg/ u^S)@):TOrr^55)iii ,(Btnu/f si?,
^ g ; u^ ^ rri n ^tnu.T si?.
epihu^nih fiihuif si?.
^ g i STLLl_fftl /Btnuff SI?.
c9/4i/fV5 SljsQ^jQLDiqsfrsTT Gu!Tn#/P-
U J .
cS/su (olu/Puj GufrfTciPffûj.
cS/su iBsbso Gutrffi^fPuj.
^ s u qg/LJ Gu'tTfT^fPuj.
c/siJc5 gu^fpiJ Gu!r/T.#fPuj(5.
c^ su (ol^ gyraotj GufTfrîfuj.
^ s u(5 ffi6iJrs!JT/_LJ Gup-zi^ /Paj.
c^ su usGlsoujirerru Guf riTi^ fPuj.
^ s u ^^0u GurrirîPujcrT).
^ i l / s i r (olfTfTLDU^ gi<95IT63TSlJ6!JT.
êveir Qi;inhu ^yjas/rssrsuffir.
^ susir (olrr/TLDU*
*gJJ*pL'i-/n^ 577-su sir.
Lesson 111 121
f. Transformation dril l
(i) u^tyjiSBjjth /BthuiT nf. ffT<SjS(gB)in pihuir si? ?
usirsijfSljrsBin-ifftn sTjSjS(gB)u) fBtnuir si? ?
rbibunr si?.
(ii) jr/rgiT îAawrresr tfir^n<î_ffi<5BinfrsBrsu.
Gluirssirr^y.
êueir ^Qaairesr smuujsjr. ^ susir guisa5(r6in"susir.
=9/^^ SI? Gluifuj SI?. tSl^ iS SI? GlufPiug/.
(iii) ijtTîT cS/isffitn/rssrsu. (rir^nr ffTUUi9.iJULLL_su ?
^ sussr gj/r6sr6U65r. ^susar sTuuji).tJUL-i_su6iJr ?
^ SU cS/(pIT6SrsU. ^ SU STUUHj-L/UlllSU ?
EXERC I SES
given below.
Model : ^BLOuff si? (thirteenth)
u0yiÛi ffiwuH 61?. ^
(i) ^ i B ^ 61? GliTfrtnuu (is big)
(ii) [Tfr^fr Qi^nihu- (is quiet)
(iii) ^ / B J S L ; emuujsjr Qjr/rtnu^ (is mischievous)
(iv) ^ si / (5 ^mSeou QuijirSiPiUfif). (efficient)
(v) êv(r^ Q^(o1(DQLOiq6fr6rr Gujrfr.^'rf'uj. (English)
h. Combine and rewrite the resultant form in the blanks provided at the
right side.
Model : GlurPuj + si? : QufPujgj
(i) Glu/Piu-f-c^Qpj :
(ii) ^îâaLDiresr + Qurrem^-.
(iii) g/ffia(T6BT-)-ssiLJUJsir :
(iv) spuJiTLDfrsiir-l-si? :
(v) ^jfiaiTSST + QuiTsmîi :
i . Transform the following nouns into "adjectives using the sufGx -&_eh<sn
(i) (o1gGl0GlLD : (iv) sÛJiTin :
(ii) cSJiP . (v) =9/i_aLb.-
(iii) ftgi/iSrgi/iJq ;
Frame questions for the answers given below following the models.
M odel : A. Ujigftpcgîn /Binuit si?.
Q- eTjS^(g)Lb ffiihun si? ?
122 I An Intensive Course in Tamxl
(") jbireoiTih fithuif 6i7.
Model : A. rfiTîT Qrririiu ^LSmLDirmev-
(i) ^ / B g u sjnuujsir GltrirLbu^ g/^sffirrssrsujir.
(ii) ^fB6S siS" QiîTthuu Qu/fajg;.
Model : A, cS/su (olgGlfljGltniJL/STrisiT c^ -^ /PuJ-
Q. c9/sii(5 eruuiq-uuil i c^ i ' / Pi u ?
(ii) LDireoiT argj/avgi/L/L/sfrOT QuiTsm^)j.
k. Frame eight sentences from the table given below.
Example : s^tLugfrLD fbtiuit si?.
spu)i_/g/
Uggi
Q(OT)sBirr^)/
usOTSffftoltrssin-
/BtbUff S)?
sentences from the table given below.
Example : ^ s u (olgQnaGltniqsrrsrr cz^^fPuj.
@su(5
<:9/6U(5
m. Transform the following as in the model.
Model : (rT<sT Qrrinhu îâauîrssT Qurresr^-
(i) ^susBT QlijiTihu^ gjan-sin- swuujssr.
(ii) ^ i B g si? QfriTihuLj QuiPiu si?.
(iii) 5^6U c9/{paT65r Glun-siwr^ .
n. Answer the questions. -
(i) jgfBja 6^(5 .^^nuJsotJ GujrrrîPujirfr ?
(ii) (ffmi sp GliS(ol(D(oluDtL|sfrsTr GujTfrîPujtrfr ?
(iii) a_fS/<SB SI? 6Tjggig)tl [bibUIT ?
(iv) a_f5j<s5 SI? u^ftpiîh ffiihu!fiT ?
^ Lesson 111 123
(v) a_mi LDfTiD/r lu/r ?
(vi) 2_m/d5 Lcinuin (SuijnSûjijn ?
(vii) 2_(Eiffi îhi3 Qijnihu^ Q]($AaiTesreui^ ?
(viii) a^(Bi iflfTiDT (olu/Tonin-^ ffTLiUiij.uuLLi_su ?
(ix) a_m;a si? Glj' fr/iiuo Qu/Puj^/r ?
V O C A B U L A R Y
ffrgg(g5)Lb ' liowmanieth' u^(Lp(îh ' thirteenth'
Q^GInjQujiL/fffTerr'efficient' cf^rez-sSsoii)'the English language'
gja(rs!(r6U65r '(he) is mischievous'
G R A M M A R
1. 11. 44. u^Qpi^LD 'thirteenth' is an ordinal. It is formed by adding the
suffix ^ t i ) to the cardinals. These ordinals aire mostly followed by inanimate
nouns.
Example :
1. 11. 44. u^(ipiQS)ib [bLhuiT SI?.
T he nouns which follow an ordinal cannot be inflected for plural. The corres-
ponding question form is srg^ isgib 'howmanieth'.
Example:
1. 11. 44. sTjSîgBjii) ibihuir si? ?
1. 11. 45, We have noticed in the section 1. 8. 33 that the pronominalized
fbrmscan also have a function of predicate in equational sentences apart from
various nouns. T his lesson introduces the adjectival predicates. They are
derived from the adjectives by suffixing to them the corresponding remote
pronouns of the nouns. See the following sentences.
1. 11. 45. ijns,n îAainiresr Qurrem^.
c^ gi Qi^nthuu QuiPuj si?.
T he adjectives such as ^L-AaiDirm 'quiet' and QuiPiu 'big'areadjectivalized
by transforming the following nouns into their corresponding pronouns
namely ^Wsu 'that-she' and c9(i 'that' respectively and added to them. Now
the sentences would be
1. 11. 45. ijn^n tS/L-aainrrssrsu.
cSygi (oljr/rtbuij (oluiPujg;.
These predicates agree with the subjects in person, number and gender.
1.11. 46, Q^QpQiDtqeirea 'efficient' is also a derived adjective. It is derived
by adding the suffix -s_6fr6Yr. to the noun Q^QpQiri 'efficiency'.
124 I An Intensive Course in Tamil ' -
Example:
In a sentence this adjective is alsojquestioned as eTUUuûuiLi'what kind of/
of what nature'.
Example:
1. 11. 46. t5/uc5 S TU U I ^ - L J U L L I - ^ ^ r Pi u ?
Sandhi 14. T he consonants , <9=, g and u are always doubled after the
intensifier Qijirihu 'very'. '
Example:
QyiTLbu + QuiPuj0iQiîTihuu Glu/Pujg/
Sandhi 15. When the demonstrative pronouns like ^sum ' that-he ', ^sjsu
' that-she' , ^ eu ' that-he (sg.hon.)' etc., are added to the adjectives the first
vowel ^ is dropped.
Example:
g/(5iSnr6iJT -f- <^Sli65rgi(5<g5nr65rSUM(
<:9JL_(i(LDfT65T + <^61J ^>.a&Wn BIT Sil
GlufPiij + c9/gy (olufPiugj
Q^ QpGl tn + a_6frsn-Q^QipQinu-\eii en
5rn? + pQi_trsiSi(luj/rQL_ (Refer S. 8 in 1.5)
6i?(5' + =^~6iS'L_ff (Refer S. 3 in 1.2)
UNI T 1
LESSON 12
SH OPPING
D I A L O G U E
iS-Gjrs)^ : ^/BgLJ L9eTrrrek)u^& eurretP
. erssTgir QsuQeo ?
(oli_as<s(r765r ; Uj(g)^
assvr (38)
sTsijsusTrsi^ ?
a(oli_<iT!rsir : =!>// (olânfr urruj
What is the cost of this plastic
bucket ?
T his costs fourteen rupees.
Are they all mirrors ?
Yes, sir.
How much is that small mirror ?
That costs two rupees and fifteen
paise.
Is it a good mirror ?
No. T hat is not so good. . .
T his is a very thick mirror.
T he cost of this (mirror) is three
rupees and sixteen paise.
ihQgsi^ : ^.fb-S* i ' uL/ sr^ÔsijT How much is thit comb ?
^soQso /Bsbso
aissrapeirm asfHTi^î^----
urri u u^ (i s) p S5>U6F/T-
(olfaliTLl S51U*/T tJliffTLDU
i.Cf;)<), ; (^/btSff G>yfnJl_j ST-jij&u-
D R I L L S
.1. V .ui : i ti ' (i i i i l i i l l
/.12.;7,
T his comb costs seventeen paise...
But, (it is) not so strong. That
comb costs one rupee and eighteen
paise. It is very strong.
How much is this soap ?
T his soap costs twenty paise. .
A bar soap costs two rupees and
nineteen paise.
(5,7)..-/, oY;,7aP U^ :o5)Q2 j UIIUJ.
@ ;i_V,.> (J a-iriJ q @ c[f)U^ anuf f f T.
(yi,'i>;i, ..II.TGTP bT6J7.>y( QOIJGISO ?
<56,-a)T(ipbf7STrgJ.
!^<5) 51lJL/L).LJUllL.g) ?
1.12.50. ^ ,! ;r,i\,T *i,-jr(y)Srr(>ng).
1.12.48.
1.12.49.
b. lûild u p drill
(ii) ^ / B ^ 6l / Q p ;;riOTSi5T Sl-iuQsO?
ST6J T6T/ (o'siiCsO ?
s urrs rP
(SffljilT^SBBJIiJ.
(iv) jBstso a;6!jr(y:srrfflfTgj.
i3S6!jr(y:6rr6VTgy
Ibebeo
Lesson 12 j 127
u/ruj
u^(g)@2/ u/riu
aunrsrP u, J ( 6 S ) p Ufriu
^ /B jS aUfTSlP 6Ti3T^ 3T ffswixO ?
snsinm Qi\iG)eo ?
iMnriTP sTsJrsjr QiwQ.so ?
ljfi<S o-!J/7S"lP STSiJToST Qi uG' l S l j '.'
(BSbsD ff5T (lpS)T S)rg|.
jbsoeo ami open en
c. Expansion drill
(i) =9fgi U^69T(^ft smujiT.
(iii) c9;gJ ^Bsbsogj ^t)(ol6U.
=5>/siisi/6rrsij (Bsiisogj êbQeo
(i) Q
A
(ii) Q
A
=9/gJ u ^ ' s T; 6Tj * s!nua=n.
assjrr 1^35)14..
jBsbeo <s6!ir(iprraTT .ssuiiTigaptij..
ffuasfP sTsiiisT Q^')iQso ?
7281 An InUmxve Course in Tamil
(iii) Q: ^ ; g / ^sbcoa5siiTi@B)i4.UJrr ?
e. Substitution dril l
(i) iBjS eu/rfirP sTSiirsJir^ GlsuQeu ? ^ iB jS surrefP eresrsw ClsuClso ?
Substitute
êmiîs^. ^ /B iS asssirigBgjiij. ereiresT QeuQeo?
Qa^nuLf Qanun ermm QeuQso ?
LLtj).fib @/B ^ a5LLn).6b srsBrssr QsuQso ?
(") ^ ; B g cu/rerP u^ts)^ U T U J . ^ j B ^ su/rerf' u^(gB)g2j g r u Tu J .
Substitute
u^ts)^ eufrfirP Ujfiigjgjj ufruj.
u^Gsar(tp ^ / B ^ eun-erP u^Gm(tp urrtu.
Uj^ Qesril cu^TsrP u^ C lesril u; ruj.
^ (SUgij iB ^ SUITSTP ^ u i g ; unruj.
(iii) <BSin-(ipsfr6Tr asusTiggjUf.. 6sr(ip6fr6rr dssniiTigBB):!)..
Substitute
<S5SB5T(6B5)H )..
6ûJ!r(ip6frn- Q)UJij(ipeiTetr asmim)'jf..
(0 ^ iB{B eu/rsTf Lj^(65g2; u/riu. su/rafP ffTjSjsQsitr uffuj ?
QjrsBJfr uiTuJ. eTjS^Glsirr u/ruj ?
E X E R C I S E S
g. Fi l l in the blanks using tha cues given in parentheses as in the model
given below.
Model : ^^<s Uj5;65)g2/ Ufruj. (bucket)
(i) cS/QjSsbsOTrm (mirrors)
(ii) u^Gesr(Lg, emuair. (comb)
(iii) ^(Sugi pnu<9=(r. (soap) . ;
(iv) @/B<S eu/TfirP ûniu. (fourteen)
Lesson.12 /I29
(v) Q!768!iT u/TuJ emuan. (fifteen)
(^') MSI QPW UTUJ..... emuarr. (sixteen)
(vii) ^ / B ^ j ÛLj...... emus'iT. (seventeen)
(viii) u/TuJ ewuff/r. (eighteen)
(ix) ^^Â G*/7Liq cmuff/r. (twenty)
(x) ^ i B g eufrsrP u^t^g)i (rupees)
(xi) ^fipA Ga/TULj âû^ (paise)
(xii) ^6b60 (is heavy)
('fiii) ^ /Bsbsu #LJ q. (strong) ,
h. Frame questions for the answers given below following the model.
Model : A? evireiP u^ ^ ^ (ff/uiruij.
Q. @/Bg etjireiP STSSTSIT QeuQeo ?
(i) ^ i B ^ * GaiTULf ^(!f)U^ SSiUaiT.
(ii) rSI^ QijsmQ ufTUJ u^65r(ff5ar emuair.
(iii) S U u/rtu ij^tg0)gu swu^/r.
i. Answer the questions following the model.
Model : Q.' ^sbso aesisTiss)i^.ujiT ?
A." ^sbGlso, êueuerreif /Bsfaeog; ^ sbQso.
(i) abW(tp6rr6rr aemiÛ).ujrr ?
(ii) cSigJ a-gwûjiTSffr #LJu/r ?
(iii) in/760iT *pa^ptJU(r65r SlufrenirrigBj) ?
(iv) (Tircsnr c9<itn;r6ffr (olu(T6iiir(gj) ?
(v) cSjgJ sîUiriniTsar 6ifi_nr ? .
(vi) c9i'6U(5 Qg(o1(D(olu3iq6frstr ^ ^ /Piijjrn- ?
j. Transform the following as in the model.
M odel : asswitpsfren" .sBsBirrigBj)!!)..
65r(tp6fr6Trg/.
(i) S-Qiîurresr ÛL\.
(ii) ^ sLpjSiqOTOT #LJL/.
(iii) ^ ay c5 0<aQjD<o)u5(L/6fr6n- . J ^ ^ / P UL I .
(iv) jr/TjS/r cSfL-6B(y)sfr6tr Qun-6S5r@)/.
(v) êuesT iS-paptJL/efren" enijujfir.
(vi) STuui4.1JUL.1_ asBJiTigpi^, ?
k. Write the following figures in T amil .
1 1 : 1 3 :
1 2 : 1 4 J . .
730/An Intensive Course in Tamil
15: 18:
16: 19:
17: 20:
(i) a_fE/a5 LJsrrn-sYUU).* euireiP ereirssr QeuQeo?
(ii) a_(Bjffi (SBsrorigOTjiij. ereiresT QevQeo ?
(iii) a_(Ei ffiSBifTigroiirj. ;B6t)S0 a56iwrigOT)i4.ujn- ?
(iv) a_(Ej #UL/ STg^Glesr emutfF/r ?
(v) 2_/Bi<g5 #LJL) /Bsbso a-jp/ûjfrsWjS/r ?
V O C A B U L A R Y
' plastic' SIJ /TSTP 'bucket'
Qsi/Qso 'cost, price' 'fourteen'
ufruJ 'rupee' as5ifr@5)ii)-
' mirror'
' howmuch' 'fifteen'
smufffr 'paise' <:9/si/SDSTrsi/ 'that much so'
' very a65r(ipsrrsrr ' thick'
'sixteen' 'comb'
'seventeen' E-gj/jûj/rsffrg/
' (it) is strong'
U ^ G I S S TL I 'eighteen' G<9=inJq
'soap'
'twenty' ,u/r(T. GffffLJq 'bar soap'
'nineteen' 'shopkeeper'
G R A M M A R
1. 12. 47. Let us consider the following sentences.
1. 12. 47. ^fiêurret? u^(6B)gj/ UfruJ.
^ ^ g * Ga=n-tJL/ ^ c jOg j s35Lj<f fr.
@/Bg sufrsrP eTbsrsir GlsvjQso ?
) ^fi^^ GaiTULf ereijeijeirey ?
In T amil , eremesr QeuQeol ' What does it cost ?' and ereueiienei^? ' How
much ?' are invariably lised to ask the cost of a thing. T he expressions like
^ /B jS sufTGiP u^ iQjga Ufriu ' T his bucket is fourteen rupees' ^ / B g G ^ f ruq
^ (fjugj emuaiT ' T his soap is twenty paise' etc., are more common than ^ /B js
si/TSTPGujirQi QeuQeo u^ igggj/ ufruj ' T he cost of this bucket is fourteen
rupees', ^ / B g Ga=(rLJGunrQi_ Qs uG l eo^ ^ ugj snuff/r ' The cost of this soap
is twenty paise' etc.
1. 12. 48. We have discussed the formation of the adjectival predicates in the
section 1.11.45. Consider the following examples.
Lesson 72/ 737
1, 12. 48. ffisijr(ipsfrsTr memiîif..
T he adjectives such as as3T(LperrsiT 'heavy' and eTuuiq-uuiLi'what kind of/
of what nature' are adjectivalized by transforming the following noun semiss)u^
' mirror' into its corresponding pronoun 'that' and added to them. Now
the sentences would be
1. 12. 48. a6i!r(ipehen^.
GTUUtIJ.LJULLl_gJ ?
1.12.49. c5)cijsii6n"6i/ means 'that much so.'. It is always followed by an
adjective or adverb.
Example :
1. 12. 49. cSjgJ jbsbeo aemiîsîuir ?
^sbGlso.
êoQeo. ^susuerrsi; /Bsbsog/ ^diQeo.
1.12.50. rtebeo ' very' is an intensifier. It is also always followed by an adjective
or adverb. In the following examples it is followed by the adjectives
a56i(r(ipfifr6Tr ' thick' and a_pjSujfr6ir 'strong'.
1. 12. 50. ^sbfiO assr^fifrsrrg/.
Note the use of jb&ieo 'good' as an adjective (Refer 1.4.13).
' Sandhi: êsreiST + aemiÛf. ^ fi6ireifrAaemiBS)iq.
^fi^ + ÛLi > ^ ^ jSf f îî-l (Refer S. 4 in 1.2)
S - Pi ^ + 2L_6frsrr > ffi_pji46rr6ir (Refer S. 8 in 1.5)
UNI T 2
LES S ON 13
WH AT ARE Y OU ?
D I A L O G U E
sineoiT: ^ sbGlso. ^mia U J T ?
ui'Glso GUI;ITSIPUJI;IT
i^soi_/T !r/r6b6ii6BT.
Vanakkam. Is Professor Snndarair,
at home ?
No. Who are you ?
I am a Professor in Hindu college.
H e is M r . Raghavan.
What is he?
Lesson 13 / 133
(PiiîGso asBBfiû Gujr/T-
îPaJi;iT (5<5BiS(27(5.
U3ffl5n- ; ;Bff65T QuijnSûjGijnGiL.
eresresTSuiT ââ^rSriis ?
aweon : ^ susar ûu emLn^rj^Geo
6^(5 aihQus!Pii9G60
GwGesrggyrr ^^(gjTjfiffr.
He is a Professor of tnithemitics in
Christian college.
I am the wife of Professor
(Sundaram).. .Professor (Sundaram)
is not at home now.
Doesn't matter...What are ycu ?
I am a teacher in a school.
Where is your son Ramu (working)
now ?
No if he is a manager in a company
in Mysore.
Is that so ?
D R I L L S
a. Variation drill
2 . 13. 51. ^Bfrsjr GuiîrfiiPiuifiT ^ a^ G g J s i r .
c9/6U6Br GLDGssrgQrriT ^ aot njs i r .
c9/6U(5 GurrtTîPtuifn ^((5<s@(37(!5-
. 2 . 13 . 5 2 . ^ si/sjr GinGm^ffst ^ a^ t ny ssr.
^ su(5 Cu!TiT.#(Puj!rfr ^ sbGlso.
^ u(5 ereirsineiiir ^(5a@(2?<5 ?
2 . 13 . 5 3 . ^/rsjr
^sii6BT 6!nin^(5G60 ^ aigcnysir.
êueir ermiGa ^ ^ (nysjr ?
2 . 13 . 5 4 . /Bffsijr asbgw/Pui' Cso GuijnîPujijn ^ a^ G jD s i r ,
c9(si/6Jr smiD^ ^ Gso GtnGssrggfTTr ^ (5@(27BT.
fBTsw a6t)@2irfPui'Gso Gu.jjr^fPuj^/T ^sfaGlso.
STfSjGa ST65T6ISr6\)(T ^(5a(g(t?f5Ja ?
b. Build up drill
(i) /BfTSsr QuijrrîFuj^riT @c! 5-
^(5<E@G(D65r
(ii) cS/sii GuiT/rii/PuJirn- ^ djGlso.
^ sbQso
(iii) (Biffi eT65r6isrsu/r ^ (5@3?fBj?
ereirenreuiT ^ a g r i f mja ?
(iv) rBrreir a6b@îPu3Geo
@G/D65r.
aeiîPu3Geo
(v) ^ 6i/6sr srmjGffi ^ ^ (^ (Qjsjr ?
c. Expansion drill
(i) K9JSIJ(5 Gujr/Ti^ff'uJjrnr ^ (r ja-
assiPjau Gui^nîfiuyiT ^ a -
asbgjfffPiiJGso Gu!r(T#(PuJ7T
(ii) Gu(r/r.#'/Puj(5 ^ (5@07! r(r ?
e)SL-(SGeo @(5@(()yfrfr ?
(iii) ^ eussr Gtn'Gssrggtrff ^(5<s-
(njsar.
j)(5 aBLbQusffPiiPGso ^(5<a-
@((ijsr. ^
8)u>g,(5G60^<25ig(2?65r
^(reir GiJ!rfr.#/f iL/frT ^ (5@G(D65T.
^(56B@G(D65r
GutTfT^fPuJirn- ^(5i5Gfl363r
jB/rsijr GuijirSiPiuijiT ^(5<s@G/DiJr.
t5ysu(5 Guir/r.^'iPujjriT ^ sbQeo.
Gu!r(r#(Pijj[r/r â^Qeo
^61/(5 GuiT/rîPuuij-fr ^ sbQeo.
ff (Bj'ffisirssTeuir ^(5(gn5' /EJ ?
CT6Jrairsu/r ^ (ja^ jtS' mja ?.
m/ffi sTeJrssrsu/r ^cS^fffm/iSB ?
/Bfwr asbgjiriPuJ'GeO ^ (jaigG/DSffr.
@(5@G(D6sr
aeo^û3Geo ^(5(S@GjD65r
/BirsOT 6B6l)g2ff/PiL?G60 ^(5aB@G(D65r.
.^sussr ffrrejG* ^ (^ a^ injsir ?
sTfBjG* ^([5ffi@(2765r ?
cSjeuesr. eimjGa ^(^^(rtysBr ?
tSj6U(f5 Gu!r/r.^fPuJ!r/r ^ (ja ^ t j? '
tSjsu asssPgu Gu!rT#fPuj(rfr
^ s vi asbgjffiPtti'Gso ffisssPgu
Guijnfi^VLUfn ^ a@(f?. '
GuirfTi^'PuJ ^(f5! 7(r ?
Gu(r/r#(Puj nf i l OG s o
âcglijjyirn- ?
^.'cusar GLDGssTggpriT ^@(2765r.
t^jsusir sp ii)(o)u65Pui'G60
GusGemrggtr/r ^ ^ (ffjsJri
cS/sussr 6!niJD^GsD sp aihGlusof-
iL^Gsn GinGssrggtrir ^ a^ i ny s i r .
c5(su60T ^ u u 6! nin^ Gso sj)
ii)Qu65fufGa) GmGrngg^riT
^@(! ! ?65r.
Lesson 13 / 135
(iv) QuijnSi?uj(!T) êoQeo.
Gufrir^fPuj ûu s^L-QGeo
fffmia sreircirrsuiT â^jiS' /EJas ?
d. Question -Answer drill
(i) Q
A /Bfrejr ^ ^ rf^ Qujiufr ^ ai gG fosw.
(ii)
Q
cS/susJr 6T(EiGffi ^(f5(SB(g((56iJr ?
A
cS/sufflJr emLD^dTfGso ^^(rrj'sijr.
(iii)
Q
Gu(r/r#/Puj(5 6I?L-(5G6D ^(5<5S@!2?7IT ?
A
(iv)
Q
c9jsu(5 6T6sr5rfflj/r ^ a ?
A cS/su GuijirfiiPiuijiT ^ (fja^ cftj.
(i) fbireir. Gujrnr^fPujfrfr
Substitute and change the veib
accordingly.
jfm/a
^611(5
(ii) GujrfT^/Puj eîLQGeo
Siibtitute
/fmia
c9J61l65r
(jii) !r/r(ip ffimiGa ^ a^ cftysir?
Substitute and change the verb
accordingly.
jFiGia
^6U6sr
^ sussr
^611(5
if laa Gufr/r.^rPuj(nr ^(5a@ (i?mja.
^ susjr Gutru-îPuJirir ^ f f i *- ??^ '
csjsu GujriT^fPiuinr ^ cj a^ crr?.
Guirir^fPuj 6I?LL(5GSO êbQeo.
jbiresr effiLQGeo ^ sbQso.
/gm/a effiLQGeo ÂiQeo.
^S/evjsir siftlC^GfiO @t)(olo.
^611(5 fflfilOGsD ^ i)Qo.
(rirgp ffrmjGa Î(5a@(2y6ffr ?
(E/a ffrm/Ga ^ cja^ jiffB /a ?
êvdrr erm/Ga ^ a^ cjffisr ?
^susBT ffrm/Ga ^ a^ f jy s i r ?
@ 6U(5 crmiGa @(5a@(fry(5 ?
(iv) jBn-eJr ^î?QiuiuiT ^ (5*"
Substitute
wnem&S'ujiT
(v) Gu!r/r.#/Puj(5 eîL(SGeo
Substitute
atisQusuPujiGso
asbg2/rrf^(i?G60
l_lsfr61fPi.l_ggjG60
(i) fBfrsJr Gu!r/T#/Puj(r(r ^ ffi -
Gnjeir.
<:9/si/63r GwGmîjn @f 5-
0(276Br.
^ s u Gu(rfr(#ifPuj(rff ^ ffi -
(ii) /BTsir 6t)g2/r/P(i?G6D ^ a -
(gGjDSsr.
êvesT einiD^cr^Geo ^ - B -
(ftjsffr.
,:9ysu(5 asbgw/PiLyGso ^ a -
(iii) rBffsar Gutr/r^rPuJtrn-
G psi r.
cSiSueir GLoGsiyrgg^fr ^ -
^ s u Guir/T^/PujiT/r ^ <i -
(37.
(iv) êueir ffiDii^Gu ^ a -
(jycir.
^ s u ffisbgjjT'Pai'Gso ^ f f i -
(27.
;BT65T ^ (^ / f Q OJ UJ / T ^ <5 Gp65r.
fbT&iT UJjg) @<BGff365r.
jB/r65r utiremeut^ îS6Gp65r.
^(T65T tnn-srorsiyujfr ^ffiGp6ST.
Ibiresr GuiîrSiPtuijiT ^<s@G(D6sr.
/Birssr GinGetsT^jiT ^ <5 GJ D ST.
GuiTfr^rPuj eiyilOGso
@(27.
Gujrir^ rPuj aihQuesfuS'Geo
^ (27 .
GuijnSûj(!T) aebîPu3Geo
^ (n7 .
Gu! r/T.^/Puj u6frsTP(5ti-i_gg)Geo
@ffi(2?.
;f(B/ffi ST6BT65rsi/fr ^ ^ frJmia ?
^ suesr 6T6sr6ffr6u/r ^ (2?6sr ?
cSJSU STSBTSSrSUIT ^ ^ (Q? ?
(ffEi eifBjGas ^{!yfEjffi ?
cSysusJr sT/BjGffi ^ ^ (jjfisr ?
cS/fflJ 6T(EJ G ^ @(27 ?
(BfrsJr Gujrff^fPujfriT ^sbGlso.
êueir GLDGesrîjir ^sbGlso.
^ 6 u Gujrn-^fPujiTT ^ sbQso.
^si/eiJT c!Dm^G6t) @sb(o1so.
^ s u aebgjjTfPuJ'.Gco ^ sbGlso.
Lesion 13 f 437.
g. Integration drill
(i) fitrek aeb^MQeo
CSjD65r.
Gnjesr.
(ii) êusir sihQu6Bfiu3Qeo ^(HfS-
@(2?65r.
^ sussr GinG6r^! r/r ^ a -
(g(2?6Br.
(iii) /BiTsar uerrsTPaoLi-iSgiGso
/BTSsr cSgi^fPGIujuj/r ^ c 5 *-
G psi r.
^BTcJr asbgiTfPii^Gso Gu!rfr.#iPuj(riT
@(5aGfDSBr.
c9/6U6Br ainSlusffPiiSiGa) GinGesr-
/Birsjr U6frsrPaauL_jSgjGu ^fiiP-
E X E R C I S E S
h. Fi l l in the blanks using the cues given in parentheses as in the model
given below,
Model : Qu!fnSîU(rf) -I-Gso ^ c s a - (home)
(i) Ibiresr +Geo ^ a^ G pf i i r . (school)
(ii) ^ 6U6B r epd^ +GSD ^ agcnysB r. (company)
(iii) ijrrqp ^(5a@(2?6ir'?(where)
(iv) iBireir tu/r ^ atgG^ jsaT . (female teacher)
(v) ;B/r65r Guirn-c^fPujjrn- ^ a^ G jD s s r . (mathematics)
i . Fi l l in the blanks with the appropriate conjugated forms of the verb
^ ' be' .
(i) jBrrssT GuifirSûjijrr
(ii) /ff/Bja t^ ^ iPQujuj/r
(iii) êuem esiin^^Qeo
(iv) ^ 6U(5 ermmeuir
j . Match the following.
GutfirSS'uj^tT '
@(5a@G/Dssr
Gu!rn-#fiij@) @(5a@(i?(Bja
GLj(riT#(iPtiJ(r/r
fitrm
: CujT/r.îf'uJig)
JS8 / An JnUnsive Course in Tamil
k. Change the given nouns into the adverbs of manner and add at the
left to the conjugated verb ' be' in the sentences given below.
(i) QuijrrîPujek : jbirm sebîPu3Q60 â^CSf DSsr.
(ii) d?),#fP<o)uj : iBfrsBT u6frrPaaH .i_gg;Gso ^ -soGpj eBr.
(iii) (Sin(S6STg^(iT) : cS/siiSijr enin^ tijCso ^ a^ rfij' OT .
(iv) ffisBiPgu GufTfT^fPuj ; ^ cu(5 asbgJfffPo^'Gso ^ a ^ t ny .
(v) 6T6Jr63r : ^s/su ^ s^ cjj' .
1. Write the word represented by the formula.
Example : eîLQGso effQ + Locative
(i) ffisbgjff'P + Locative ;
(ii) usfrstPaaj-i-tn + Locative ;
(iii) mLD^(!f, + Locative ;
(iv) ^Qro + Locative ;
(v) ailhQuesP + Locative :
m. Frame questions for the answers given below following the models.
Model : A: ^SU(IT, Gujr-^/PuJtrfr ^c5*@t27ffi'
(i) jSiija cîP/PGlujujn- ^ffi^/zJiBja.
(ii) i;iT(tp(3wQeisTSSi;iT ^ a^ cQjear.
(iii) c9,su(5 assaPgu Qui^rrfiiPinijiT ^c5ffi@(27(!5-
Model : A: Gu!r/T#iPiiJ(f5 sSiLQGeo ^ f f i a -
Q: GLj(r/r<#/Puj(5 ermGa ^([Â^dlJaT) ?
(i) =9j6U(5 asbgjfffPui'CsSD ^ a -
(ii) ^susiir sp ainSlussPui'Qso âocftyssr..
(iii) fB/Tsar ufffrsiff'ffiah.t^g/CSso ^ a C )Dar.
Model : A: asbgjffrPa5'Gsr) Guirir^^fPujig)
^<!5@GfDeaT.
/ Q; /f fBia sTf aGa srsaresrsufr ^ aof Tyraj a ?
(i) cSfsusar SB)tn^Gu GuiGsar^trn- ^ a(2 765r.
(ii) cSjsu asbaSffrPui'Gso Guirir^fPujirfr @ a@ (!Tj .
n. Change these sentences to the negative.
(i) Gup-fT^fPuj 6iftlG60 ^ a (27 -
(ii) cSj su sb@2 /r(Pii?Gsu) Gu!r/r#(Puj(r/T ^ a -
(iii) jBT6ar usfr6rPaauL- ggjGsu^ a6 Gp6ar. '
Lesson 131 139
o. Make one sentence out of the two sentences given below,
(i) iBfTsJi aso^Pu3Qeo ^ ai g G ps s r .
(ii) rSieussT a\hQussPu3Qeo
c9(sijsjr GinGsijrgg(TIT ^ aoc jjs s r .
(iii) (BfTsar usfrsiPaai-i^g/Gso ^ a^ G ps i n- .
p. Here is some information. Put it all together in one sentence using
the same order as in the example given below.
Example: Gutrfr^rfôj
(i) (gfE/6S
(v) ^ s i i (5
^
(ii) JBfTSST
(vi) ^ fwa
USfr6Tp(55i.l_D
a3>m^(5
(iii) ^fiusBT.
usTTsyfaaviui
(vii) ;f(Bi
(iv) (r/r(y)
6TfEjG
usfrcrf aan-iin
(viii) rBfTfflJr
q. Join the following according to the sandhi rules.
(i) Gu(rfr#fPuj(5-f-^
GinGs3rg8(5-f-c^
^ i i / PG l uj -f- ^
(ii) f + G6U :
(iii) usfrsTfaah-L-iii +2_G6U:
(iv) asbfywfP + ^fgGsu :
J40 / An Intensive Course in Tamil
r. Answer the qiiestions^
(i) /f/BJa 6 T/ E J C ^C5a@^nsi<sB ?
(ii) ^mia ermesreijij ^ a }! ?m/ ?
(iii) a_ffii aaraPgu Gujrir^ iPuj tuir ?
(iv) sT^jSLi uefrfflfPaah.i-jSgiGffl) ^ ^ iPuJir/r ^ a oji y mi * ?
(v) sj_mi tnOsoraPiL/ib ^ÎPQUJIUIT ?
(vi) /Ejffi ^ u u eniDâi^QeOujiT ^(i^s^^mia 7
(vii) jff/E/6B ûu sniD^ oGfiO ereBreBrcu/r j@((5@(if m/a ?
V O C A B U L A R Y -
'be' eT6BT6Brsu/r "as what'
asBBpjS (in) 'liiathematics', ufirrcTPaai-L-ii) ' school'
da>#(P(o)uj 'female teacher' ermiGa 'where'
ainQussP 'company' GinGsBrgg 'manager' ,
G R A M M A R
2.13-51. T his unit introduces the second major type of sentence in T amil .
T his sentence consists of a noun or noun phrase and a verb or verb phrase.
Example:
2.13.51. /BfTfisr Gu!r/r<^fPiiJ!r/r ^ oaoG fD SB r.
In this sentence jbrrm ' I ' is the noun phrase and Qui^rrfiiPiui^rr ^ a ^ G ps s r
' (am) a Professor ' is the verb phrase. They function as subject and predicate
of the sentence respectively. T he verb in T amil distinguishes the grammatical
categories such as affirmative and negative forms, tense, person, number and
gender. Note that the sentence 2.13.51. is in affirmative form and the finite
verb ^(5a(gG(D6Br is constituted by the elements such as verb root, tense and
pronominal suffix. T he verb root is the basic form from which all the other
parts of a finite or non-finite verb are formed. Note that ^ (/j ' be ' is the verb
root. When it is conjugated in the present tense it has an alternant ^ a -
which is called verb stem.
T amil has three tenses, namely, present, past and future. They are expressed
by different markers, immediately added to the verb roots.' T his lesson
introduces the present tense marker -p-. Example :
2. 13. 51. ;fmia ^SifQiumir ^(rÂ^îiis.
We have already noted that the T amil vgrb distinguishes person, nutnber and
gender, - ^ s s r is the pronominal suffix which indicates third person, singular
number and masculine gender. Example:
2- 13. 51. ^ fiueir GinGsBrgg^fr ^ ^ a^ i f f jei r /
Lesson 13/ 141
Note in the following sentences that there is an agreement between subject
and predicate.
2.13.5%. j6/r65r Gujr/rîPujjrT ^c5<K@G(D6sr.
cSjsusJr CLDGffljrggjTff ^ .^ (nyeir.
c9/su(5 Gu(r/ri#i(Puj5r/T ^(5(g([>y(5.
When the first person singular pronoun ^/rssr ' I' occurs as the subject of the
sentence it agrees with the verb in person and number. T his is indicated by
the pronominal suffix-676Jr. The pronouns which occur as subjects ih the
above mentioned sentences and their corresponding pronominal suffixes are as
follows. '
2 . 13 . 52. GLoCssrggjrfT ' as a manager ', Qui;iTîfuJi;iT ' as a Professor' etc.,
are manner adverbs. They are obtained by adding the adverb marker to
the nouns CuDCJsOTgg ' manager ' , QUIJITS^\U(^ ' Professor' etc. Example :
2 . 13.52. êussT Qis^Qasrîfn ^ aotrryssr.
T he corresponding question form of this manner adverb is ermssrsun
' what-as ' . Example :
2 . 13 . 52. ^ 6U(5 ermesreun ^(!f>^&&<!3 ^
We have noted that the T amil verb distinguishes affirmative and negative
forms. T he negative forms are expressed by the negative verb ^sbQfiO ' not' .
It denies the existence of a person or thing. Example:
2 . 13 . 52. ^ su(5 GuijirfiiPiu^riT êoQeo.
2. 13. 53. Case is a grammatical category which is expressed by noun and case
markers. There are many cases in T amil. They are objective, dative, instru-
mental, locative, sociative etc. It is inlierently understood that there is a
relationship between verb and the .preceding' cases. T his relationship and the
selection of cases are always determined by the verb. For instance, the verb
' be' denotes the existence of a person or thing. T his verb obligatorily
selects a locative case in the following sentences,
2 . 13 . 53. fiitm
^jsueir su)^([5G60 ^((5<s@(2y65r.
T he locative case is expressed by a noun and -tbe-locative-case marker. There
are three locative case markers in T amil . They are: (i) -Qso, (ii) - ^ G eo
and (iii) -S-Geo. Example:
asbgjffrf'+ @GsD >6bg2nrjf'u5'Ga)"
^^^vun + s-Geo îbÛLJne^Geo
As a general rule, identical cases cannot occur in a simple sentence in T amil .
For example, * Guynfiîu e3C.(BGeo sed^MGeo ^ c 5@ (5
fessor is in the house and in the college' is ungrammatical. In a sentence this
locative form is questioned as srmGm ' where' . Example:
2. 13. 53. cS/susBT sT/EjCa ^ aotgysBT ?
2. 13. 54. Wi t h the verb ' be' we intutively feel the existence of a
locative and manner adverb eventhough at times one of them is not overtly
present in a sentence. T he locative and the manner adverb may be sequenced
as follows.
2. 13. 54. /BfTssr asoî?u3Geo GuifnSPujijn ^ a^ G f os or .
But in the case of rbnm eSiLQGeo ^ a ^ G pjs i r ' I am at home' we do not
feel the presence of an adverb. T his is due to the kind of location noun we
have in this sentence. T his is dealt with in detail in the later lessons.
Sandhi 16. The word final - LL (2_) which is preceded by a long vowel is
doubled before any case suffix. Example :
e3(S+Geo-ê3iL(êo
Sandhi 17. The word final -îh is dropped when it is followed by any case.
T he nominal base and the case suffix, again, are linked by the increment
-c9(<SjS-. Example:
ufr6TP.._tn + st_Gfi0>U6fr6rPajah.t_<ag/G60
6TOfgii) + Gu(rT#(f'uj(5->afflraf <8 Gu^nSiPaJfif, (Refer S. 2 in 1.1)
raPiS + Gu!r(r.#fPuj(5âsuffPjSu Gujrirc^'/f'uj (Refer S. 4 in 1.2)
aebgwif + @G60-^fibaw/f'ii5'Gfit)
amQussf + ^ Gco-^ aiiiQuesPuJ' GfiO
6inu5^ (5G6n+<^ -^ 6! u)^ (5G60UJ/r (Refer S. 9 in 1.7)
v.-
UNI T 2
LESSON 14
WITH AN OFFICER
D I A L O G U E
îSemii: 2i_mi G u ffreirm ?
ar^jSjTU) : ffTfisr G u a^^tfih.
îSeton : ^liis eresresteun
What is your name ?
My name is Sundaram.
What are you ?
I am a Professor of Tamil.
Do you have children ?
Yes. I have children.
T441 An Intenstve Course in Tamil
^LfciOff ; ffTjSjsQssr @ip/B<o1<smi<K
ersBra â s^ f B / a . '
c5J,Lf6o/f : STjSjsQsisr c^ssiiT @{p/6-
Qgrnia ?
ajB^îi) : 0)(5 cêsir (p^ Q^ .
c^ L? srO/r;6T<sg'S)65r Qu6ssr @{p/BQg-
âgjtry/Bja ?
a/Bs5!rifl : sTSBra GlfrsBsr Glusror
j piQg/Bj a @(5a@-
(ft^nifa.
^ Lf er u/ T: s_/G;aig)â QfisOii)
^ a o g i r ?
A^îjth : ^LDirriia. QiêmQ
eraarf Q/&soii ereara
QjBsoii â oj snr ?
^ -^<S!rtfi : ^sbGlsoiâ, ^sufEja-
.j^LysTO/f ; c9/6Uf5ia ffrmiCSa ^ a -
@(ny(B/a ?
aj6g!rii ; cS/sum/a ^m/Ga jSirsir
^(5a@(27fBja.
Howmariy children do you have ?
I have three children.
Howmany mal^ children (do you
have ?)
(I have) one male child.
Howmany female children (do you
have?)
I have twp female children-
Do you have lands (on your name ?)
Yes. I have two acres of land (on my
name.)
Do your children have lands (on
their names ?)
No,, they do not have lands (on their
names.)
Where are they ?
They are here only.
D R I L L S
a. Variation drill
2. 14. 55. ^Kp^Q^mia srsBra ^ a^ /ry fE/a.
Qjbeoih eT6!jra@ ^((paiggj.
2. 14. 56. 6T65ra@a @(p;B(o)jS/Bia ^(5a@(2y(Bja.
ersurao ffl/BSOin ^ a ^ g j .
^^suiBjaiSTja Qfiisoih ^ a^ j S/r ?
Lesson 14/ 145
2 .'^; 57. êuiits^mQm
b. Build up drill
(i) CTfisraiâ (p/jOgre/a ^ a -
jp^QjSmia
CTSsra
(ii) ffT65ra(g Gl/BfiOii ^ ((5a@gj.
6T6i(ra@
(iii) <:S,'6U(Bjaa@ QjBeoii
cSjeuisiatgâ
(iv) 3i_miar5aig Oêoii)
^ aOi ST ?
^ aOiSf f ?
_miaieT ^
c. Expansion drill
(i) erssra ^ a^ cnjfEja.
Qu6iwr @{pj6(oliS'EJa ^ a -
(fiyiEia
(ii) sTsura ^ a ^ g j .
(iii) c9/sii(Eja$T5a@ ^ sbOeo.
(iv) jp/B(o1<smiaisr5aâjST?
Gl^sntb ^ a @g (r ?
(ol(r6BijT(5 7aair .^ a@j8(r ?
â@(2?reja.
â@(2ymi a ?
eT9raa (p^Q^mia ^ a -
(fff/sia.
â(!)7/Eja
jpjjQ^mja @ a(27mja
sTS5ra@a {pjjGljSfEja ^ a -
(nyraa.
cresra Gljeeoin ^ ag/ .
^ ag/
Qîh ^ a@ gj
T6ina Q^soiD ^ ag; .
^cii/EJa@ $a <o1/B60ih êbQeu.
ffi_/Bja$75a îbeoih â>S/r ?
^ a i 5i r ?
Qjbeoih ^ a i ST ?
SJ-ZK/a^Tja Q;B60n â@ }Sf f ?
CTSsra â(2 7iBja.
CT6!n-aiJ Quemr @(pj6<ol<a'B'a
â(2 7re)a.
eT65ra ^ agj .
6T6Bra GljBsnin ^ agj .
CT5ra@ Q76i(iiT(5 ^âaff Q^ BBOU?
^ ag/.
,^/6u/s;a(e]$a ^bQeu.
tpjBCljSiE/aigjja âisn- ?
{pjBfolgiGiatgrâ Qêotn
â<s/f ?
@{pjBCl<smja5a@ Q^snirr ejaair
G1/BS0U) @ a iST , ?
d\ Question-Answer drill . .
(ii) Q: sr^^GleOT Qussirr @jp^ ^ (5i ^(5@(njre/ffi ?
A : Qifsm Qusm (gjjpiBGI^rBia @(5@([)7fBi.
(iii) Q : a_(Bj (gjpitO^ rwa^ ija^ Q/ BSOLD .^ ((ja^ ^ ir ?
(iv) Q: ,:9jsui5ia CTI5/G ^ aQn^ iB JiS ?
(i) (gjp]B(o}psii @iBiCe<a @rf5<-
accordingly.
/BfTSiJr
(ii) sT65T(g @Lp;B(ol^/sia5 @ c(5-
Substitute
(iii) eT67r<a(g Qfbsuii) ^ ^ Sg/ -
Substitute
a?
Substitute
^ iusB T ^ ,Ti/Ga @(5(grfrj63T.
ôO/soT^rBjGa ^(f5@'2?65T.
iTSijri(g Qêoih ^soQeci.
Lesson 14 1147
(i) 6T65T(g<B (gyj/BOjS/E/a ^ (5 -
eT65r(g Gl/Bsoin ^ c S^ Sg J-
E X E R C I S E S
a_fE/(gr5<s (p/BQjSm/a
(nyiBJ6B6Tr;r ? '
^((5<5@(2JfBJfflnr(r ?
given below.
Model : eT6er@ ...^ ^ { oymia. (children)
(i) ereisra (gyjfBGIgmja @(5@(2yiBjiS. (male)
(ii) sT65r@ij @y3;B(o1iS(B/ @(5<s5@(!iym/. (female)
(iii) CltraiBr ....Gl^soin ^ f f i ^ g/ . (acre)
(iv) ^sij/5/<35<gT5<5@ ^fibQeo. (land).
(v) cSjevifEJcSs ^(5<K@(27fBi. (herd)
h. Fi l l in the blanks with the appropriate conjugated forms of the verb
^ (5 ' be'
(i) @(pjB(ol<s(Eja
(ii) Qêoib
(iii) ffT/B/i@5@ Qfieoih
(iv) errr<B J P/ BGI^ ' E' *
(v) ibiTOir Gu{r/r#iPuJ!r(r
i . Match the following.
^6U6r GinGswggjrir (5(Sgl
^ 6U(5 Gu!r/r#/PuJ!r/r ^(5(g(2?(Eja
jp^CljS'BJa 6T65r@ ^(5<B(g(276Br
Write the word represented by the formula.
Example: SL.ibia^!^<S + Dative of possession
(i) jbrrm + Dative of possession:
(ii) jB(rm/a + Dative of possession : ...
(iii) ^ + Dative of possession : : :
(iv) (B16B + Dative of possession :
(vyêums + Dative of possession ;
(vi) ^sijmJ6B + Dative of possession :
1481 An Intensive Cowse in Tamil
k. Change the given pronouns into the datives of possessioii and add at the
left to the nouns in the sentences given below. -
(i) jBffSBr ; (gjp^BQjsmiaB
(ii) /f/HJa ; ^yi^Q^mia ^@a^^miae(Tir ?
(iii) ,5/)j(5;<SB ; Qfisoth ^ sbQsp.
Model : A. er65r<s@ (ip@a ^{p^Q^mia ^ a^ cftyiE)*.
(ii) erarr@ (oljrfflAr Qusssr (gyj^BSI^rajas ^((jaojffyfBias-
(iii) ersurii QjreBin- ^ aa/ r GIJBSOITI @C5 *@ ' '
m. Change these sentences to the negative.
(i) 6T6sr@ffi {p^GljS'Eiffi ^(5@(3yfE;6B.
(ii) 6T6!jr@ Cl/BfiOLD ^ (! 5a@gi.
(iii) CTSsrffi Q^mrQ ^êwr (gyj/BQ^fsia ^(5(g' ^ (Ei(S.
n. Here is some information. Put it all together in one sentence using the
Example : ^liis
(i) /fmJ6S (ii) cS/cu
UjSg/ 6T<5^(ol6Sr
(iii) <srfB^{rii) (iv) ^ T sir
Qussirr i^yi^Q^ma Quern (^yi^Q^tita
(5
.
o. Join the following according to the sandhi rule.
(i) ^ eumjs + ^ : ........
êumia + , >
^liia + ; , :, . ;.
^(5@ (2 ?mJ + ^ :
OJP/BQjSmia + ^ : ' ..
Lessdn 14/ 149
p. Answer these iquiestions.
(i) a-.ma^sig)& (^[p^Q^ms. ^(rffSînjmiamrr ?
(ii) a_ra(@[5@ 6T<s^Q6w @ {p^ Q^ r B J ^ (5 (g(^ m/ ? .
(iii) a_re/ds$]5<B(g er^^QeiT êUn ^^p^Qîiia âÂ^nffiiia ?
(iv) | a_mja@(5a@ er^^Qsur QuemQf{fifiQ^msa ^(i^mâtfmia 7
(v) a_(Bi(gT5@ Qjbeoih âÂ^îr 7
(vi) S-reiasigrjii sTjSjsGlsaT sjaasfr Gl^seoii ^ C 5*@S' ^
V O C A B U L A R Y
@y3/BQja(Bj<sB ., ' children' -'male'
Qusm 'female' Qjbeoih ' land'
6Tc5/r 'acre' ^rejGas 'here'
G R A M M A R
2 . 14 . 5 5 . We liave already noted in lesson 2.13 that the subject of a sentence
agrees with the predicate in person, number and gender and the agreement is
indicated by the personal termination in the finite verb. In this lesson
^y^fiQîiia ' children ' , the human plural noun and Q/ BSOLO ' land ' , the neuter
singular noun are introduced. Their agreement with the predicates may be
represented as follows.
Qfieoib ^
2. 14, 5 5 . @jp/B(o)^'5;a5 eresriig, ^(rF,A(g,t!tjmia.
2 . 14. 5 6 . In T amil, the sequence of dative and the verb ' be ' expresses the
meaning of ' to possess ' . T his expression is similar to ' have-constructions '
in English. See the following sentences.
2 . 14. 56. eTwa@<s igj pf BQ^ni/a ^(ja^crrym/ds.
Dative case is expressed by a noun and the dative case marker. There are
three dative case.markers in T amil. T hey are : (i) -c9/a@, (ii) and
(iii) - a_a(g. occurs after the oblique bases of the personal pronouns
ereir-, jbih-, Su-eir- and the reflexive pronoun ^ ajr-, i.e., CTSST + =9/<s >
OTSffra, fiib + Â<Q > ^ U3<B@ , S-CJr -f =9/<s > a_65T(g and ^ si r +
? ^63T<SB(g. - a @ occurs after the vowels -FF, -ST, - a_ and the
consonant -uj i.e., laneme^ + 66@ > iDirswrsâ, in= + a > F T * ^
(H = ' housefly' j.cS/Qp -I- a@ - > c<Gl(D<a@. .rS/su -I- @ ^ 6U(5 @ and
jBTUJ + > i6(ruJ(g (/BTuJ ' dog' ).-3i_*ig occurs after other consonants
i . e., eua^sb + ffi-a > ffu.^g2ja@, Loasir + 2 3_.(g > mag y a^ etc.
150 / An Intensive Course in TamU _ ,
2. 14. 57. ^liiQa ' here' is a place adverb. It has, the corresponding
question form ermjCJa ' where ' . Example.
2. 14. 57. <s/u/B/ ^liiQa ^(iT,a^t!r(mim.
Sandhi 18. T he consonants a, <5 and u are always doubled after the
dative case suffix. Example:
jSLi9(p+ GuijiTîPiU(i^>îBy)u Guirir^ fPuj (Refer S. 4 in 1.2)
Sandhi 19. T he human plural/singular honorific finite verb is realized with
err before any particle beginning in a vowel. Example :
UNI T 2
LESSON 15
IND IA
D I A L O G U E
a^s^ suL-aGa ^ a -
India is our motherland... It is a very
big country. There are four boundaries
to our motherland. They are tlie
Himalayas, the Indian Ocean, the
Arabian sea and the Bay of Bengal.
Where is the Himalayas ?
T he Himalayas is to the north of
India. T he Indian Ocean is to the
south of India.
6i/<s QajpaGauj/T
<n-/Bg;nij: ^sbGleo. c9<!rL?aB(Bi_6b
a-fB^/rtb : ^ ^ B^ iuffsi/Gsp SlLDfrgîi)
^ a g i . ^ L J u avtnffff
LDiSiSBsfr fBiijLD / B TL L ^ GB O
D R I L L S
Is the Arabian sea to the east of
India ?
No. T he Arabian sea is not to the
east of India. (It) is to the west (of
India). The Bay of Bengal is to the
east (of India).
How many states are in India in total?
In total there are twenty six states in
India. Now, approximately fifty five
crores of people are (living) in our
country.
a. Variation drill
2. IS. 58.
2. 15. 59.
b. Build up dril l
(i) îDiiJinGleo ^^^luneifs^
61JL_Gi5B
(SjLniuixiQeo
sui_G<sB ^ c 5*@ '
Lesson 75 / 153
(ii) ^ iB ojicGlso errejGa ^ a / ?
(iii) *u)iT/f cS/iBUjSjfiujfffj* GaTti).
^ m/ .
^/BjSuJffSljGsO
a-in (TIT
c. Expansion drill
(i) jBTgj; ffTfiuQfiO ^ c ! 5 *@ ' -
(ii) înujinQeo ^ c5' *@g' '
@JBiSuJ(T61J 6UI_ffiGa
(iii) cSjiTLfffiaisb ^ sbClso.
^jBûjfr6ij<5<5 GlajpaGa
(iv) ^ ((jUjB i^ iiJ/rp iD(T/ffsoii)
<Srir)/T/T îhu^îut^sr GsffJlJ.
(TY^fGia*
^fiîuireijGeo ^ (5a(ny(Bia
(rtjmja
<:9/ii)LjjSûJ(5a- GafTii). ujaasfr
^^^(iiireijQeo ^ 0a@(27m;a
.sur/Tff tS/iinJjSjiuJ * Ga/rii}.
ixjaaerr ^/B-sSuJircijGfiO @(5a@-
(rtynsja.
jBfT^ srebiolsD ^ a @g j .
^LDOJinGleo ^jB<Suj/T6i;a@ eui_aG a
^ ( 5 ^ .
^ jriJaffiL-sb êbGlsD.
^(TLâaisb ^fBiuJ'T6vja@a
QajpaC a ^ ebOso.
^ UjSjSuj/rgy UKT/fieouj ^fi^tuir-
(i) Q: ûJiuixiQeo crraGa ^ (5agi ?
A : ^miuiDGIso ^(B{uJ/Tsi/a s ui _aC a ^ ([5agJ.
(ii) Q-* @/BiSuj(r6i/Gso er^^Qesr uiiTêOLb ^ g j ?
A ; ^/BiûJ/rajGso âû^îuir^ iDirêoih a g j.
(iii) Q: c5/!TLS'ai_sb ^;BiSuj(T6ijaa Gl ayjaGa ^ ajS/T ?
A; êbCleo. ts/jrij' aai-fib ^ jB ^ tuirci/a G ui pG a ^ a ^ .
(i) ^ g l ^ l u j /Bfl-.
Substitute
iB/T
laQeo
Substitute
(iii) ^LDHJixiGlsu ^/Bjfituirsijss
Substitute and change the dire-
ction accordingly.
euiiianm siSi/Pîfr
(iv) ;6U)ii îtuJfijQ
Substitute
6TS5r
si_6Jr
cSJSVIfEJcSS
^/TUJ /B/r.
^1 iBT.
ersbSlcD.
aisb.
(ol{pGa5
srre/a ^(ruJfBT.
ersBT ^/ruJ/Bir.
a_65r iSfruJ/BT.
c9/SlJ65T ^(TUJ^BIT.
=9J6U ^ /riu^ /r.
g j =9jsu(5 ^(TuJfBfr.
Lesson 15 / 155
(i) ^laiumQeo ^ /B ^ uj/rsi^ @ înujinQeo ermQa @(f5@g/ ?
GtofoGa ffi@g/-
sumjairerr 6jS'(f'@i_fr ^^^luir- surajasmsir siJfPîfr srmjGa
E X E R C I S E S
given below.
Model : ^ l i i n gtruJ/B/T. (India)
& QîTihuu Qufiiu (country)
(ii) ^^^luif' ibihw (motherland)
(iii) /B/rgj/ (Btnin jbiriKBi (boundaries)
(iv) ^^^luiTsijQeo Qmrr^îh ^ u ^ ^ u j f r p ^ (! 5@/ -
(states)
(v) cS/g/ (the Himalayas)
(iv) cS/g/ (the Indian Ocean)
(vii) (the Arabian sea)
(viii) ...(the Bay of Bengal)
/ (ix) ^ iniuinGleo ^ /B ^ uj/rsija . . ^ a i g g j. (to the north)
(x) ^ffiûânsFOfi^^tfih r ^ ^ ^ S i y C ^ o the south)
(xi) ^!fi3Aai-eb .^^^tuneifAÂ @(!5@g^- (to the east)
(xii) eumiairen e^fi(QL-!T ^/Bcuj)rayi5@
(to the w;est)
(xiii) ^^^lurreijGeo ^ OUjS^ uj/ r p inirêoii ^ (5@gi / .
(total)
(xiv) ^fiîuirei^Qeo ....iturêoth (twenty six)
(xv) sriDiTiT GaiTUf. LoaoeJT ^Âi^fitjmik. (fifty five)
(xvi) m-LDmir c9jinUjS<5uJ(5* loaaeh ^(r^s^f!i}mia. (crore)
(xvii) 59/ix)UiSjuj(5<Ji- GaBiTL). iDaaeh ^ (ja^ tjyni)*.
(approximately)
(xviii) a^LDniT ^thu^îui^sr Gairu^ ^(5a@(27m/- (people)
\. Fi l l in the blanks with the appropriate conjugated forms of the verb
'be'.
(i) îniuinQeo ^fiîuireijai^ suisGa
(ii) îBûJTfiiyCso ^f!f)U^îun^ inirêOLh--
(iii) ^^ûjneijQeo îhu^îui^si Qarru). loaasefr
. Write the word represented by the formula.
Example : jB'rL.(5* ^grr(J-f-Dative
(i) ^nujfin + Dative :
(ii) ^ /B ^ iiJfr + Dative :
Example : fitnL(^Geo fBT + Locative
(i) ^^^lUiT + Locative :
(ii) îTiuibtTQ + Locative :
j . Frame questions for the answers given below following the model.
Model : A. êoQso. <^(rL?<s5L_65) ^^^lurTSijAÂ
(ol65(pG ^sbGleo. GLOJ DG
(ii) ^sbGlsw. îDiuLoQeo ^ ^ j^ ujf rs i ja^ Q^ joG a ^ sbGlso.
6ui_<sG
(iii) ^sbGlso. ^fi^LisrT3'(tp^î;ih ^ fB ^ ujirsiyagja Gl ajpaGa
k. Join the following according to the Sandhi rules.
(i) rbiT(^ + @ ; (ii) U6frrP<sai.L_ii) + 2_Gso :
61? + : usfrfffPSn-i_t) + 2i_@
(BT + Geo : iniTêoih + ai_ffi|g
61? + Geo ; iDtTêOLB + S2_Gso :
(i) S-iiis ^rnu^rrQ srg/ ?
(ii) 2_/EJffi LDIT0eOlh GU(5 6T6BT65r ?
(iii) a_fB) ii(r;S60jS^G60 Qtnir^ ^ ii) CT^^QSW icaasfr
(iv) ^{TLJaffiu-sb 6T/E/G ^ (5<S(g^ ?
(v) ^tnuJtnQso 6T/5jGffi ^ a ^ g / ?
(vi) a_f5j aar(5G60 ersi^Qm inaasefr ^ (ja^ ifrymja ? ^
V O C A B U L A R Y
Lesson 75 / 757
6ijmj<s/r6rr6i5'/fi@i_nr
G R A M M A R
'motherland'
'boundaries'
'the Indian Ocean'
'the Bay of Bengal'
'to the south'
'to the west"
'states"
'approxiniately'
'crore' uaT r
'country'
'the Himalayas*
'the Arabian sea'
'to the north'
'to the east'
' total'
'twenty six'
'fifty five'
'people'
2 . 15, 58. When,a noun denoting dimecltion is usedin sequence with the verb
^(jT) ' be' it obligatorily requires the pwsEnCK of a dative case in the sense of
possession. Consider the followimg sentences.
2.15.58.
In the above sentences sui_@ " nociilii(Siun>jo@ ' west' etc., are the nouns
of direction. These nouns cannot be (ddliiiiiiEd for dative case, instead the
particle -ej is added to them. ^^^VLMsiqAQ ' India's * is the dative of
possession. In a sentence the sequence of mmn denoting direction + the particle
~ej is questioned as stfaiGa ' wher eExa mpl e;
2.15.58. ^LDOJtDQso CTiwG g i , * ^ ?
2. 15. 59. a-inirrr ' approximately' and Qum^^'it ' total' are the quantifiers
which always precede the CMdinals, Example:
2,. 15.59. a-uDTif ^ i l u ^ ^ u * Garru). inaaefr
;B(r+ a@ - */ BTi l a (Refer S. 16 in 2.13)
(?ir/ri)Lj + ffuffuj|BffÔiTTiiiL/u QufPip /BIT (Refer S. 4 in 1.2)
^JBj5SuJIT61^ + S)jS(DG-^^;BÛJJT6V <5B<SiS Q^pQs ( ^ ( 5 @ gj )
gujiTsvâ +jpGa->-^jB!5ujiT6vj66@ Qay jaG a
(@ffi@iSfr ?) (Refer S. 18 in 2.14)
iiuiT + a-A-^JBjfiujffsv@ (Refer S. 9i p 1.7)
Sandhi:
\
UNI T 2
LESSON 16
DRESSES
D I A L O G U E
a=fr/6i : Qffsbsi?, L/ g ju Selvi, is it a new frock ?
uirnraair ?
Qffsbsi? ; êbGlso, ^ g j uQjpiu No, it is an old frock. /
<9=(r/Bi : fftggQssr u^/rffi ^ How many frocks do you have ?
Qjsbsi? : sTssrîKoli c9/(g5* Î have five frocks.
ff/rjBjS . eresrQeisTeiTssr Qfipih ? What are the colours (of those
frocks?)
Lesson 16 / 159
(o1/B(DU>; p L/!rnr<5(g
QfiiisrrGlsrr Grbpih;
utr/ra Lcnâeh ; eptr^
U!r/T(g Qffeiiuq...
Lj/rfiUfr(oli_ ^ (5<B@ gj ?
t
SLLQI QrbQpuJU
QurrtQeu ^ c jai g^ / r ?
T wo frocks are blue in colour ; one
frock is white in colour; one frock
is yellow (in colour) and one frock is
red (in colour)... Howmany skirts do
you have ?
I have five skirts and five blouses.
Whose half saree is this ?
T his is our eldersister's.
Does your eldersister Radha have
many sarees ?
Not many. (She has) a few (sarees).
D R I L L S
a. Variation drill
2. 16. 60. erekSiLQiu uiîrA^ ^(S^&gl-
ereirSiLQiu uneunQi^ (5@gJ.
UJT(5<LL(S1I_<S ^rrsuessf ' ^ c 5*@^ ^
2. 16. 61. QfTswr utr/ra $eo QjbrDth.
6j)(5 iJirfra QeuehQerr Q/Bfoin.
QijemQj-j^firAi^ eresrenrQrbrDLh ?
QiêmQ iJ!rnr(g eTSBTQesrsaresT Gl^ ptb ?
b. Build up dril l
(i) ermSiLQi- O^TA^ ereirStLQi- UIJUAQ,
(ii) râsirSCQL-u urreuirQi^
u/rsu/rQi
(iii) îTsuesuP ujrr(r^SL-Qi
IUIT(!T)SL-QI ^C5' *@' ?
(iv) Qp-fioin- uîrai^ 0eo Qibpih.
lE60(th)
QnsmQ
(v) SliTfiirar u^ ffa.g eresTQesrêsr
srssrQest&ST&sT Qthroih 7
LJprfra
Qij-eBJr
c. Expansion drill
(i) srearJil G l i- ^ c 5@g ' -
(ii) ^<K<Brr<Sil(?i_ êbtoleo.
uireuirQi^ sbC la)
âarrSiLQiu uneuirQi'
<S(r6U6wP ujir(if)SLLQi-. ^ a ^ g l ?
uj/r{!5Jil<oli_ ^ c! 5@' ^
ujr/raB rfeo Qrbpih
Qp-ssin- U! r/r(g ; f 60 SljBpjiii-
jreiiw LJjrfra srearGlesreoTesr
6T6ir(ol6iyr6aT6inr QjBptb ?
iJ!rn-<B@ sT6BT(ol6W6r6in- (OI/BJOLD ?
QjrsjRn' uijnafg) 6T65r(o)6BT6BTS5r
GI/BfDli ?
6TSffri^LL(oli_ ^(ffja- ujr/Ta
(i) Q: 6T^^(ol6w iJ!rfra5(g U-.^3CQi^ c5' *@5' ?
A : eresrSC-Qi î^ffr ujrfra^ ^ O^ i S g J . '
() Q: tJiTira 6r6arQ65r6Jr6!ir SljBiDub ?
A : Glpswr i j^ / ra 6U (ol;B(Dii ; ^c5 L)!rn:@ (ol6usfrQ6YT
(o)/B(Din ; tJiTff-a ix)(^*sfr Q/ Bpi i ; sp uirira
(olff6V/lJL/.
Lesson 16 / 161
(iii) Q: 6p(5 uifnA^ ermear Qibrod^ ?
A : 6j)((5 tJ!r(r@ Q^ SUUL/ QfSfDti).
(iv) Q: ujiT(!^SiLQi QjbQrDUJ^ ^frsususP ^ c S ** ?
(i) ermSiLQi- u[rT a ^ a -
Substitute
(ii) t5<(S5* uireuirQc- ereirSiLQi
Substitute
(iii) 6^(5 u(r(r<K (SIsusfrGlfiir
Substitute
iSeoiih)
6T6ir.^LL(o1i_tJ ufrsufrQt- ^ (5<Bg; '
6T6ir<SLL(oli_ ^ r r a Qa t l
u(rsu(r(oli_ a_fBJ<s5id0il(oli_
g)(i5 u!r/r<ffi GfeufifrQsrr Q/BJDU>.
^($ tj(rT<s /?eo Qjc;Dii>>
uifnA^ iDt^êh Qjbpib.
e^(fg U!rrr<s G)a=euuq Qfipib.
Transformation drill
(i) erm^SiLQi u^rrAi^
E X E R C I S E S
ujrr(nf)SL-Qi uijirmiQ ^.
uJf r^JtKoli ^ ( g * u/rsKJrQi
ujfT((5<^LL<oli_ QrBGljDUJiS îreusssP
g. Fi l l in the blanks using the cues gixven in parentheses as in the model
given below.
Model : Qjreror uiriTffi srssrsw ? (colour)
QijemQ uijrraig) sreirssr Q^pih ?
(i) <o1p-65!iT(5 u!Tfr@ (oliBpii. (blue)
(ii) fip(5 u!r/r6G@ Qrhpip. (white)
(iii) epcrr, uprirAi^ Qrbroib. (yellow)
(iv) 6^(5 LJ[r/r@ Qibooih. (red)
(v) GTesTSCQL- c9/(g- ^ f f i s s g i - (frocks)
(vi) eTSJ rJ ilQi <:S/(5* (skirts)
(vii) ereirrSiLQL- ^ C 5*@g ' ' (blouses)
(viii) OT65r.5ilGli_ (half sarees)
(ix) a_f6J t^ aarrJil Gl i erg^Glcsr c5*@SJ ? (saree)
(x) CT/EJiS cSjaaT-^LLSlt ^(rsuesffP ^ (5 @g i . (many)
h. Write the word represented by the formula.
Example : srekSiLQi pneir + Locative of possession
(i) /B(rmj + Locative of possession :
(ii) ^!TLD + Locative of possession :
(iii) ^ + Locative of possession :
(iv) (Bias + Locative of possession :
(v) ^sum + Locative of possession :
(vi) ^sxJ + Locative of possession :
(vii) @6D(5 + Locative of possession :
(viii) + Locative of possession :
(ix) e9/eurEj<9s + Locative of possession :
i . Change the given nouns/pronouns into the locative of. possession and add
at the left to the sentences given below.
(i) /Birejr : ^ ((g* U!r/rdB(g
(ii) <Â-xiT : r^n^ QuiTu.Qeu @(5@g/ '
Lesson 161 163
(iii) ^ ; î^m U/T6UT(D1I_ ^ (! 5@g; .
(iv) ^ f i u ; îÔr. ggrrAQaiLQ
(v) êu : Gl^QfoujjS ^ / TSUSBI P ^ a ^ .
j . Change the underlined words to questions.
(i) s rdrdSi l QL ufrsii,n-(oli_ ^ (! 5@g/.
(ii) c9yT jLL0i_^ jSirsuenf ^ c5*@J-
(iii) c9j(5* ggn-aQastl S-skSiLQi^ ^ (g ay .
0^) ^ i B ^ ^ ^ffsiussoP cS/aa/rGsufrGligj.
(v) 6^(5 uifira^ 0eo Qibpih.
k. Frame thirty sentences from the table given below.
^ Example ; erssr-dStlQi c S/ * U!r(r@ ^ (5 @^ '
if
U/ TS U/ TQ L-
if if
1. Here is some information. Put it all together in one sentence using the
Example: /BTSST
erssrSiLQiu Slun-iQsu
(iii) 0mi&
(i) /ffBiffi
GlufTiGlsu

(ii) luiT
urrsufrQi
m. Answer the questions.
(iv) ^611
^(3 .
(i) 2i_m/a îfi^Q^SCQt- ^rJi^Qasr i J i r i r a ^ *^ / ?
(ii) sa_(B/ ^(EJ(31.5LLQI_ sr^^Gtssr QuT t _Q6u^ @g ( ?
(iii) SL_fB/ffi m(S)!irfi^<5ilG)i_ sTjSjsGlssr G)u/rt_Qu ?
(iv) a_m)a m(ol6in-6i?.fiilGli_ QJBGIJDUJIJ (S1uiTt_Gl6U ^ (5@JS(T ?
V O C A B U L A R Y
'frock' 67607 (olS5T65r65r
'what (are)'
' colour' ' blue'
QsusfrGlsrr ' white'
' yellow'
<o)<?6ULJL/ ' red' uirevirQu-
' skirt'
'blouse'
half saree'
'many' QuiTiQen
'saree'
G R A M M A R
2.16.60. T he -locative case has four suffixes namely -Geo, -@G60, -a_G60
and SILQL-. We have seen already in the lesson 2.13 that the presence of
locative is inherently understood by the verb 'be' when the suffix -Geo
or - ^ G eo or -a_G60 occurs with the place nouns. Similarly, the locative case
in the sense of 'possession' is inherently understood by the same verb when the
suffix SILQL- occurs with the animate nouns. These sentence types can be
equated with the English 'have-constructions'. Example :
2. 16. 60. 6T6sr.5LL(oli_iJ u(rn-@ (5<@gl.
T he locative of possession like 6T65rJil(olL_ ' I have' can be correspondingly
questioned as iuir(rT,SiLQu. ' who has'. Example :
2. 16. 60. tuiT(r^SL-Qt^ îreuestsP @(y s@g/ ?
\
It is to be noted that the locative suffixes -Geo, - ^ G eo and -a_G60 and
SL-QL. always occur with inanimate and animate nouns respectively.
2-16.61. 0eoih ' blue' , GleuerrGlerr ' white' etc., are colour adjectives. Example :
2. 16. 61. QiêsisTQ ujrjriS jEeo Qfipth.
T he colour adjectives are correspondingly questioned by using ereireyr ' what' .
Example :
2. 16. 61. Q/ressr ujrfra eresrss? Qfipih 9
6T6Jr(ol6Br6BT65r 'what are (the colours)' is a distributive which is formed by
reduplicating the first syllable of the word ersiresr 'what'. Example : ,
2. 16. 61. ClireusT up-fra ereirGlesresresr Gl/Bpm ?
Sandhi : q g / -{- upr r a i-iû uijrrAi^
^neuass?' ^^^^ îreuessP
" QrbQpiu + QutTiQsu-^QfiQpoiuuQum-Qeu
' . (Refers. 4 in 1.2)
UNI T 2
LESSON 17
H OW IS T H ANJ AVU R ?
D I A L O G U E
a-Gjrsi^ : euessraaih. sreir Gu(5
GS U/ TQ L- ljD(r65BT6U6BT.
....^su ffTSBT aGa/r-s/P.
a^Gfrei^ ; a_m/a(Si5<s@ CTjSjsQesr
JBia ^(5a@(2 ?(Eia...^6U
^miGa g)(5 <:%L76foGfiO
QiresonTsug; aGan-jafP
g;âT@ic5G60 ^ a-
Vanakkam. M y name is Suresh...
(I am a) student of your father.
Vanakkam. M y name is Ramu... She
is my sister.
How many sisters do you have ?
I have two sisters... She is a clerk in
an office here... (My) second sister is
in Thanjavur.
Qevu GuiTso Qiîrihu
!R/R(ip ; "Sfgfftg^ IXI^ G LJRG LUJIJ
^ > ing;(ol!rQujsi5'i_u
- QuiPtuîT @sb(olso.
Does she have childern ?
Yes. She has a daughter... She is
very beautiful like her mother.
How is Thanjavur (Mr. Ramu) ?
Thanjavuris beautiful like Madurai...
But (it is) not bigger than Madurai...
Madras is the biggest (town) among
all the towns in Tamilnadu.
D R I L L S
a. Variation drill
2 . 1 7. 6 2 . êu ^yisa ^(rf,A^.
2 . 1 7. 6 3 . C S/ T B M IRQSUT J G UFRSO CS/tpaT ^ ^ (I L ? '
2 . 1 7. 64. iiiQ(r ^'âîr^QiêiSiu QuiPiaîr ^ A ^ .
2. ^ 7. 6 5 . QffeirQeisT eraieoir smQixinibetS'iu QuiPiuîr
Qs=mQesr eruui^. ?
2 . 1 7. 6 6 . C5/"5LD/R(ol6uu G U / RS O ^S/jp-
GL<y6BT(ol65r eredeoiT AARGLJRIQTISIS' IL; G LU FFU J G / ^ S I ^ QS O.
2 . 1 7. 6 7. ^(5S=n-g/,(5 ing/QirQujLj GUNRSO ^/{FANR ^ A ^ .
Lesson 77 / 167
b. Build up drill
(II) jS(â=(TQj,(5 IFLG|Q{R(olujtJ
(III) U3gi(OL(R ^(OTJA^fT^'olirsiSL-IJ
QuPtu^rr
(IV) (D1#65TQ6OT ERSBSO/R AARGLIRIQII)-
QU / PU J G FR
(OLUFPIUG/
(VI ) ^(ffj'fflTQ^ MGJSLJJ-GluJLJ
GU/tsD <:9/(p<35fr ^ S B G L S O.
^ EB G L S O
^jpaf T ^ (5 A@ g j
LDg/GLJRGLUJU GU/T60 <^|p(R
^ YIFFI/ R ^ (5 A@ g j .
LDgjQ.j ^(^cf FR@J,GL[RSI?L_TJ QU RF ' -
QuifiuîT ^ (5<s@ g/
iDgiGljT ^(ga/rg^ OIRNS'iiJ
(olu/Puj^fr @C 5 *@ g/ '
(OLUFPUJ^fT ^ (5 <gg/ .
(OLU/PUJ^f f ( ! 5 *@ '
GTsbso/T .aarQjriL/Lb eiffiu QuiPujîr
Gla=65rQssr ersbsoir sarQjii^TJBSIS'L-iJ
(OLUIPUJ^/T ^ (5 A@ g / -
iDgi(o)(R ^(gja/rg^Gljr 6iS'i_u
Qu/Pujg;
Glu/Pujg/.
.sllfiaiT ÂiQeo
UJS I An Intensive Course in Tamil
LD^QijQiuu Guireo
(vii) ^ (^ cf iTgi eruuuf.
STLJUlq. (5 *@ g j ?
c. Expansion drill
(i) ^y>siT ^ (5 @(2 ? .
CS/titnn'QsuLJ Gu/rso
(ii) ^611 tn/rsTO^fTsu/r ^ a .
P^ Lf6foG so @tr>(rfffOjsyT6uff
^ f Bj Ga @ti)/TSY0^/r6ii(r
(iii) Qa^ssrQear GlufPujgi.
sTsbeOfT aarQiTiL/ti) si?i_ij
îBy^jbrrCQGeo Quifiu^
(iv) ^ (^ FF/ r@^ (5 (o)I_IFPUJ^/r
^stiQfiO.
w^QijQuju Gurreo ^{fi&iT êbQeo
^ (5*/T@ J, fflUUlr}. ^ @ J ?
STLJUU). ^ a @ J ?
=9/{p(r ^ a -
C^sD C^LDLDffQsuu GU/TSO c9/(pafr
@LD/Tsro^(rsu(r @ @T 2 ? .
S P C ^ L FS FOG S O IGINT SFO^ irajn-
êu ^miG&9 C ^ IJS' SROGEO
@ti(r6T0^rr6Ufr ^ a @(27.
Qg^mQesr QU F PI U G J .
QA^SJRGLSSR SRSBSOFF sarQinL/m S I ? I _U
Q^sffrQsBr { SUS' tp/B iril ^ GSO SREBSO/R
smQi;iquaeîu QuiPiu^.
^ (^ .f F R ^ QUFPUJ^ V r ^ AOG LSO.
<S(5aF/r^ I N^ G L PQU J EI S ' I U
D . QU EST I ON- ANSWER DRILL
(I ) Q : ^ (G)#iTSj,(I5 eruuuf. ^ A@ g J ?
A : . S T G I Y F G I T)G/QJR(OL(IJIJ G U / RS O =9/Y3A/R ^ A ( G ^ .
(II) Q : ^ (5A=/rg4, ING /G LT RQUJSIS'L- U QU / F I U ^ / R ^ (5 A(G ^ / R ?
A : ^ S B QS O. ^ (G */ r@ j , w^QijQujs)9iu QuiPiuîr
(III) Q : ^sv rStthLDiiQeuu Gurreo ^âir 7
A : ^ LD/ R. c9jbu îhiDrrQeuu G U / RS O C SJJP.
(I V) Q : (iTj^ sT6i3SO/R 2iar(OL!RU-/Lbsi9i_U G LU / PU J G J ?
A : QJSJRG LSJT STSBSO/T AARG L/ NQT I SI S' I U G LU RPI U ^ .
Lesson 771 769
Substitute and change the
verb accordingly.
6^J
(ii) ^(^<y/r@^(5 CTtJuii).
accordingly.
jB/T5Jr
(iii) @ 6U eieOT a=G/r^ff'.
Substitute
LCiQmeiS'
(iv) cS/u@5<a@ 6? tea
Substitute
, ^ fr
^ LD LO/ r
(v) ^ s u cS/ijbiD/rQsuiJ GuiTaO
=S46u ^j pan- ^<a@ (2 ?.
<:9(6u =9/jp/r @ ?-
^ s i i <:9/{pfr ^<a@ (a7-
jBfrsJT sTLJuiq. ^((5ia@GfD6ST ?
^ susi r sTLJuti). ^ @(2?*^ ?
^ ; su sTtJuii). ^ @t2? ?
^ SU(5 ffTuuti). @@(fT7(5 ?
erijuiq. ^ (SSJ ^
^ s u STSor #Gffi/r^(P.
,=S/6U(Sr5ffi@ g) =9/<g5/T ^ds@ (2 ?.
^ su ^liujfrGlsuLi Gu/raJ Glpiriiu
1?0l An Intensive Comse in TamU
Substitute
(i) ^ 6 i i c9/(pfr ^ (5@(27.
ing/Glir GlujPtug/r ^ c ja ^ g J -
(ii) ^(sv ^ j p T ^c5@(! ! ?-
g. Integration dril l
(i) êu cSifpasrr ^ a .
LDg/QiT c9/{pafr ^ (5@gJ-
g(^(?(r@j,(5 (olufPujîr
^ s u Gljrfrinu =9/yj@.
s:9/li>LDT (ol[r(TLbu ^\fifSf.
(ii) dwsu cS/fpaT ^ C S*-
ingjGljr Glu/Pujg/r ^(5<5@gJ.
îblDIT QlJITlhu ^jfi^.
zSieu îbuairQeuu Quneo Q^riribu
^su îhiDirQeuu QuiieoQ^rrihuA
c5/6i/ c9(inLD(r(olutJ Qunec Qi^rnbu^
c9/6u cSiibin/rCltfuiJ Cuffso (oljr(rinu
spiuiTin.
STuuiq. âÂ^-nj ?
ingiQ^ QufPujgfr ^ sbGlso.
^ 61/ ^ iniofrGlsuuGu/rso c5/{p(T
^(ff5i9=/r@^(5 LDg/GltrGluju Gurrso
<j>(6u ^ ininrrGlsuiJ Gu/rso Qirfrinu ^
c5/si/ c9/inLD(r(o)6iJ 5^{p<a5(r
^(â=/r@^((5 LDgj!r(o)uj si?!
E X E R C I S E S
Lesson 77 / 777
h. Fi l l in the blanks using the cues given in parentheses as in the model
given below.
Model : êu crssr (sister)
(i) ^ 6U ..su/T ^(5<B(a5(27. (clerk)
(ii) .zBiSV îhiDirQeuu Guireo QifirihUr (beauty)
(iii) ^^n-gj,.--. (5@J ? (how)
(iv) QcSFssrOssr..... + Geo ereoeoii ssaQîqih eiSiu QuiPujgj.
(Tamilnadu)
i . Fi l l in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated forms of the verb
'be'.
(i) cSjfiusJr GioGesTgQijn!
(ii) êu îfisrr...
(iii) c9J6U(5 Gu^frîPujixrr
(iv) êviiia et^L-QGeo - ,
(v) sma^Geo
j. Write the word represented by the formula.
Example: <S(ârr^(a){r ^ (gj cFrrgi ^ Objec t i ve
(i) ^LDLDfr + Objective ; ...
. (ii) ingjGltr + Objective : ......
(iii) aar(5 + Objective :
(iv) êu + Objective :
(v) êuiiis + Objective :
(vi) a=G(T^(P + Objective :
(vii) s_mia + Objective :
k. Give the plural fprm of these woirds.
(i) ffGan-îf ;
(ii) @(piBG1^ :
(iii) ^rEjGla :
(iv) Quirem^ ; -
1. Frame questions for the answers given Below following the model.
M odel : A. <S(5is=Tgic5 m^ GlpQuJiJ Gurreo ^y>siT
Q. ^^sîrî^ eruuuf. ^ a ^ g / ?
(i) .sisii rîhiDtrQeuu Gu/rso îpsrr @(5<s@.
(ii) iDgjGltr ^(ff/rgiGlirsiS'L-iJ Glu/Poj^/r ^c5>*@''
_ (iii) GlffSBrClsOT srsiJsorr ssaQifiLfihetS'i-.u QuiPiuîr ^(5@gi-
m. Transform the following as shown in the model.
M odel : w^Qif^tâ'ni^QijeSiuQuû-ifbiT^fS)^^!-
(i) c9/su ^thmnQeuu Guireo c9/y3/T ^(5<B@{2y.
(ii) QtfwQesr srsijeun- aarQirJL/tieiS'L-iJ Quifiuîr ^ a o^ .
n. Change these sentences to the negative. Do not change the meaning.
(i) LD^Qijr î^3'irQi,Qije^L-u QuiPujg/.
(ii) ^ f f / Tg i u3gi(ol(rQiiJ6i9i_ c9(jp@ -
(iii) tig/(o)(j- ^ (^ ^ n-^ QirsiS' i ^ { parr
(iv) (o1a=6r(ol65r CTsbsoir aarGliriL/iii S' i_u (olufPtug/.
o. Make one sentence out of the two sentences using - sr Gu/rso.
Model : êu îfisir ^ (ja^ r/ry.
îhinir cSifparr ^ a -
îihmirQeuu Guireo c^fparr ^ ci S*-
(i) ^ (^ a / TQi =9/{pa/r ^ a i g g j .
mgjQir ^ { parr ^ (^ a ^ g j.
(ii) ^(5a(r@^(5 GIU/ PUJ ^ IT - ^ a ^ g j .
LDg/Gljr GluiPuj^fr ^ c5a@gj
(iii) cSêu Qiîrthu ^ j p@ ..
tS/tiiD(r Q(r/Tti)u tS/(p@ .
p. Make one sentence out of the two sentences using er siPi
Model : ^ s u ^\pair ^ a ^ t j?-
tSjsu c5/tjbtnT(o)su SI?!. =9/{paT ^(5a@(3y.
(i) ingjQjT SlufPuJ^/r ^ a ^ g j .
^(5a=(T@^(5 QuiPiu^rr ^ a i g g J ' ,
(ii) ^(ffjafrgj, QuiPtuîr ^(iÂ^^îr 7
LDgjQir QuiPuj^ /r ^ c ja g ^ / r ?
(iii) LDg/Qir G l u/ Puj^ .
^ (ffja/rg^ Glu/Pujgy.
q. Fi l l in the blanks with the sentence conjunction ^ i g j . ^
(i) .stgasT Qi togi/(ol[r(oluju Guifeo ^ (pa/r ^ a ^ g i .
................tpgiQjjrQiiJSiS' l-u Quifiu^rr ^ sbGlso.
(ii) ujy(ol(r ^ (gja/r^ Gl jrs^ iU Qu/Pujgj.
: . Qa-^Qesr sisbso/r smQijuîhe:S'iu QuiPin^.
^ ' - Lesson 171173
r. Join the following according to the sandhi rules.
(i) ^\hmn + st ; (ii) uj^Qir + er ;
(ginfffffOds/r +(oT : ffGarr^^ + er :
(iii)^sxj + 6T : (iv) êuriis, +' er :
- + er ; a_mj<g5 + er :
s. Answer the questions.
(i) s_(5;a aar((5 eruuii). âiggj ?
(ii) S-.!iia 2=3(5 smtn^GljrsiS'L-iJ GluiPiu^/r ?
(iii) jS(i3^T^([f) LD^QijQuJS)S'iu QuiPiuîr îS^tS/r ?
(iv) a_mJiSB <j=Ga5(Td5/P erfBiGa ^(5@(2? ?
(v) a_i5)ffi a=(36Bfr^ff @L0frsfu^/r6u(T ?
(vi) a_(Eja5$T5ia(g sr^^Qair SFQ&npîiia ^(fr)a^(frfiiis ?
(vii) a_(EJiS <9=Gafr^/P@ (g(p;B(ol^(5J6B ^(!f,A@injriiaerTiT ?
VOCABULARY
ffGffiff^rf 'sister' ^tJero 'office'
(guD/Tsfo^fr 'clerk' =9/{p@ 'beauty'
STLJuii). 'how' 'but'
GRAMMAR
2. 17. 62. We have already noted that the Tamil verb distinguishes person,
nurnber and gender. is the pronominal suffix which indicates third
person, singular number and feminine gender. Example :
2. 17. 62. rSfsu îpaiJ ^([5@(n7.
is realized as -êfr when any vowel beginning suffix is added to it.
2. 17. 63. The degree of comparison in Tamil is expressed by the compara-
tive markers -Guirso and -S>?L- in order. They are always preceded by the \
objective case which consists of a noun considered as a basis of comparison
and the marker -er. The use of the comparative marker -Quueo may be
identified with the 'positive degree' in English. Example :
2, 17. 63. t^su ^LhLDirQeuu Guireo ^[parr â-
^(g<f frg^(5 LDg/GljrGluJiJ Quueo ^yâir ^sbCleo.
2. 17, 64. Similarly the use of the comparative marker -si?! may be identi-
fied with the 'comparative degree' in English. See the following examples.
2, 17. 64. iD^Qij ^(gfffrgjjOp- 6i?t_L/ QuiPujît ^(5(Sg;.
The conditional forth aiTLLuf.îb (with particle -g ih) is also used as a com-
parative marker. Example : ingjQtr î^âîr^QijA airCu^îh Glu/Puj^fT
^(jffiiggj, ^(ga=fr@^(5 tcgiQjrGlujffi 6BfrLLiq.g2;uj GlufPujîr ^sbGlso etc.
2. 17. 65. The use of eTaêO!r-SL.th eî_ may be identified with the 'super-
lative degree' in English. Example :
2. 17. 65. (oliFSffrQfiirr srsbsoir arQ(r(L/u)6i5'i_LJ QuiPiuîr
Qa=6JrGl6isr eT6i)So(r aarQtrtL/iiisiS'L-u GlufPuj^fr ^suGlso.
eruuuf. 'how' is the corresponding question form of the degree of comparison,
however, the degree varies positive, comparative and superlative. Example :
2. 17. 65. QffSBrGlsir IOTuuic^ ?
2. 17. 66. The adverb marker and the following verb 'be' may be
optionally deleted in the comparative sentences as follows.
2. 17. 66. cSêu cS/LOLcrQeuLJ CSufrso c^/tp.
(olffsarGlsBr ersbauir 2arQ(rii-|Lo5'L_LJ (oluiPujgj.
2. 17. 67. c%(6B) is a sentence conjunction which means 'but'. Example :
2. 17. 67. ^ffTQi in^QijQiuu Guireo îpair @(5<siggy.
Sandhi 20. The consonants a, a=, ^ and u are always doubled after the
objective (accusative) case suffix -er. Example ;
^thwirQeu + Guireo îhmirQsiiu Quireo (Qiîrihu =9J(P@)
LO^QijQuJ + Guireo ld^Qi^Quju Guireo (îp&ir â^)
si?_ +QuiPiu^ e^t-u QuiPiu^ (Refer S.4 in 1.2)
ûurr + ^Qt > c^fLiUfrGcun-QL-
îDireioîr + ^ (^mireroîre^jir
îhLDtr + ST îhinirQeu (Refer 8.9 in 1.7)
UNIT 2
LESSON 18
HOW IS THE WEATHER IN MYSORE NOW ?
DIALOGUE
avCSiTsi^ ; !;rr(Lp, jSmis @iJu eriiiQa
{riT(ip : ^T6BT sintcgKjCeo
fiymja ?
Gpew.
Mr. Ramu, where are you now ?
Now I am in Mysore.
For howmany years have you been in -
Mysore?
I have been in Mysore for three
years.
How is the weather in Mysore now ?
17^ I An Intensive Course in Tamil
Qurreo Qeuu3s0ir
^sbQso...(rfT^^/P
It is not as hot as our place during
the daytime (It is) slightly cold
during the night.
How is the place?
(It is) very beautiful.
(Is it) bigger than Madurai?
No. (It is) smaller than Madurai.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
2. 18. 68. jBTSsr (tp^ euîTi&întT smmârfCSso ^(ja^Gfossr.
mi loT^^QesT aj(5si%tiff sjDtD^fjGeo j^â^/jj/sja ?
2. IS. 69. 6!r)LD^(f5 jrff^j^fPuJ'GfiO (gsrPir/r ^(fja^g).
b. Build up drill
(i) ibiresT (Lp^ 6U(56i%iDn'
smuD^fjGso ^(ja^GjDsar.
^(56B@G/D6ir
6IDLD^(5G60
(ii) ^(Bja eT^^(ol6!ir siY(56)%iifr
^(5@Gp6Jr.
â^G^jsBT
eoitzj^CjGso ^(5a(sGp365r
^(f5a(gG(D6Jr
^(5(5G/Dsr.
sTcs^Qesr Gij(5siîjDfr snLD^fjGso
Lesson 78/ 777
(iii) 6B)ii^(5 !fiT^îPu3<3eo
(iv) 6!nu3^(5 !r(r<a<S(Puj'(s60 sruijir}.
ffTUUlIJ. ?
c. Expansion d r i l l
( i ) jbrrm sniri^^Gso
^f5( gGp65r .
(ii) 6!nii^{5 Qairt^fftb srPirfr
(iii) 65)i^(5 (olsuu^'sD/r ^sbGlso.
jbibLo SissQixu Gurreo ÂiQeo
uadsGso ânQeo
(iv) 65)U)^(5 Smeary.
i;n^îPuSG60 eruuuf. ^(5(gg/ ?
jBTsir aniogjffjGeo ^(ja^Gpeir.
smic^ Glanr*!!) stPir/r
!t)LD^(j5 !r/r{SjfPiL?G60 (Dla/r(^<yLb
5)LD^(5 Qsuui'sD/r ^cbQco.
sinti^C5 uaebGso /Biiu) Sisn:(ol(ru
GuTso (oleuui'soB- ^sbGleo.
s!nm^(5 Smeary.
(i ) Q: (Eia ûu ermjGa ^(ja^jiJmja ?
A : /Bireir @iJu enir>^(iT)Geo ^(ga^Gpeir.
( i i ) Q: ;g(Bia er^^QesT sufjeiînfr anin^^rjGso ^(5a@fif(B/ ?
A : ^/rsBT (yD^M 6U((56;}.tDT swus^jjGsu â^Gpsir.
(iii) Q,: 6ini>^(r^jx>^QifQuj oSiu QuiPiuîT ?
(iv) Q: aar(5 erpmi}. ?
(i) 6inLp^(5 Q(r/ri)Lj ,^{pffirr
Substitute
Qe)Ju3eoit
(ii) 61S>li3^(5 (TT^jSS/f'lii'GsO
Substitute
(iii) s!oto(5 /Biouj aarGljriJ Gufrso
Substitute
6iDU)^(5 Qfr/rtBU îfiau
65)i^(5 (o)(rn-ii)Lj SlsuiiffiO/r-
6inu)^(5 Qjr/rtbuu Qu/Piu^fr
6inu3^(5 GljrirtbL/j Sssresrîr
@6Tp!r/r ^c5@^-
65)10^(5 jr/r^^fPiiJ'Gso /Bsbso
smtn^dj /BiiJin aarQjrtJ Gufrso
GlsuuJ'fiOT êbQso.
smm^ffj:/Biiin /BfrilQiu Gu/reo
Qsuiii'sofr ^sbGlso.
Qeuu3eonf Â)Qeo.
(i) /Bireir (tp^j; U(5Sj%u3(r
fisJLD^^fjGei/ ^(5@G/Dsr.
icgjQjrui'Gso ôsigGpjssr.
(ii) 6ini>g^ ^siPiJT
.Wr . V- . Lesson f81 179
(iii) 6!ntDg,(5^sfisjir isinin^ (gSTpir/r ^soQeo.
EXERCISES
g. Fill in the blanks using the cues'given in parentheses as in the model
, given below.
Model : IBITSOT 5/3^ + <: %smLO^^Gso
^(5@G(DaT. (year)
(i) -fGeu /btiua ffiarQp-iJ Gurrso ^sbQeo- (daytime)
(ii) + G60 (gsrPfrir (night)
(iii) /BicLD aHrGliru Quneo + .:^ êoQ.eo. (hot sun)
(iv) ijnfbî?u3Qeo Qmniâîh.... +^ ^ffi*@gJ- (cold)
h. Fill in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated forms of the verb
'be'.
(i) /BTSST emLDîtf^Qeo
(ii) ^ms> sBiLD^^Gso
(iii) smissff^fif) QrriTLbu c^/jpa/r
i. Change the given nouns into the adverbs of time and add at the left to the
verb ' be ' in the sentences given below.
(i) (tpî; 6U(f5si^Lb : rbrreir snin^ciTfQso ^(fja^Gfoeor.
(ii) cSi'* sucjei^LD ;f/EJ emLo^djGso ^(if,A(^rff'ii^-
j. Frame qiêstions for the answers given below following the models.
Model : A. /BffffiJr ûu mLn^(ff,Q60 â^GiDsir.
(i) êussT ûu LDgjQtruJGso ^((Âf^tnjek.
(ii) Gu(r(T#/Puj(5 ûua b2ff/Pui'Gso â'
Model : A. jBisir (ip^>i su^si^Lon- cmLO^^Gso
gi(5@Gr06OT.
Q. /ff(5/ s-rjS^QsBr i;(56i%LC(r !Dld^(5G60
(i) ^susoT QtrsBST su(56i^LD(T iTigjColjnij'Geo ^.B^trrjffljr.
(ii) (riTtjp (BTg2j 6U(5si%LD/r smto^djGso ^(5(g(2J65r.
(iii) 5^6u QtressT ffucjjsi^LDrr ^(gj*rrg^^GfflJ >s@(2?'
Model : A. Siar (oljr/rixiUiS (gsTpjr/T ^c5@g/.
Q. 231(5 STLJUlIJ. â^gJ ?
(i) S!nLD^([5 GltrfTLDua ^STPÎT Ô*/-
(ii) 6S)LD^(!T) QijiTihu QsuuêoiT ^r5<s@g/.
1801 An Intensive Course'in Tamil
k. Change these sentences to the negative.
(i) es)in^(rf) QeuuS'eoiT ^ffiog/.
(ii) DU3g,0 stPjrfr â^g/.
(iii) LDg/Gljr QuiPujcS/r â^.
I. Make one sentence out of the two sentences using -er sjS'l^.
Model: smuj^ QuiPiuîr ?
U)g((o)7Quifiu^rr ?
(i) 65)U3gs(5 =s/{pn- (5a@g/.
(ii) 65)iDg,(5 srPiTfr ^<sg/.
uigiQjr STp[rn- ^c5^.
(iii) 65)Ui^ .Pesrsurgi.
m. Here is some information. Put it all together in one sentence with
necessary modifications using the same order as in the examples given
below. '
Example : ^S^su
fimijDgj
(i) ^su (iii) cs/sii
U6frTP<5i.L_(jb
(ii) ^liia (iv) ^S/su
flf

Example ; jBireir
(i) ^BTffJr (ii) ;f/Bi
Lesson 181 181
(iii) êumidB
(iv) jBireir
(!5
(i) ujff(5
(!5
Example : jBireir
L;{r/riSB@
(iii) ^ffiia
ffTjBjsClsn"
@(5
n.
(ii) ^TOTT
1J/7UJ
Answer the questions.
(iv) ^susir
/Bireusb
^(5
(i) er^^QssT eufiâ^wn enw^tr^Geo âs^pf/GJa ?
(ii) ^tJu a_/Bjas sasr^Gn) 'Glsu^/f' sruufij. ^c!5'*S' ^
(iii) ffi-iBitS afir(5 enin^GliriJ Gu/rco Qifirihu cS)(pa/r ?
(iv) ;f nsia ûu eriiiGa ^(5@pS'(p/aB ?
- (v) a_mi<B sar(5G60 entngQiru Gurreo fflrPjrfr ^(!5@iBT ?
(vi) ffi_/Bj aar^Geo ûu Qiîrihu QeuuS'eoiT ^(!f)A^ît ?
(vii) a_(BJ6B aar{5 sjning^Sljr etS'iu QuiPiuîr ?
VOCABULARY
euê^LD
GRAMMAR
year'
' daytime'
' night'
cold'
weather'
'hot (sun) '
' slightly'
2. 18. 68. The time adverb which is followed by the verb 'be' gives
the sense of continuous existence of a thing or person. Example:
2. 18. 68. [biTesr fip^ eucêiffinir enio^^GeO ^(â^Gjoesr.
^mis sT^^QesT euô^tcff mirif^Geo ^!f)A@ijSmis ?
2. 18. 69. @srP(r/r 'coldly' is a malnner adverb which is followed by the
verb 'â^'. This adverb is correspondingly questioned by eruuis). ' how'.
2-18.69. 65)10^(5 7ff^j5ffii?(?6D STfjrn-^((5<sg/.
Sandhi : 2ar(ol[r + Quireo ^smQiju Quireo (Refer S.20 in 2.17)
ei?! + Quiftu^ - > 6i?i_iJ Quifuj^
SI?! 4- .fsirm^ > e&iS^ êsresr^ (Refer S.4 in 1.2)
^tD@ + ^ ^ ^(P(r
QufPiugj + c% - GlufPiij^/T (Refer S.3.in 1.2)
UNIT 3
LESSON 19
RENTING A HOTEL ROOM
DIALOGUE
QinQesTSQiT : etoirir, a-nudsigjja
GLoGsirrggiT ; epctf, i_u)sfr (ip
GsuîBff ? QJTCIAT
^liiSeh (5(tp Gsu^Lonr ?
i9rG!r6i% : Qirsnin- fimiSeh (iT)(ip
GcusBifrLffLb. i_L/sfr
(5(ip GCUÛLD.
What do you want, sir ?
We want a rooip.
How many persons are you ?
We are two (persons).
(Do you) want one double room or
two single rooms ?
(We) do not want two single rooms;
(we) want one double room.
1841 An Intennve Course in Tamil
GmGrnggir : H-iiia Gu CTesrsar-
mi ?
aTCjr6j% : eresr Gu SrGife^ u^jS,.
GLoCanrgjir : ^liia QifsmQ Gufrîh
ffTesreisreuiT ^(ja^^fm/a?
jSi^jp tc/reiwreumjffi.
GicGssrggif ; a_miigT5@ anQeo-
u3Geo Guuuir
Geuûmn ?
a-Gfrsi^ ; ûiiTtsis. 'âmuîuek
eTAek>i3ijek)' Geuîiib.
GinGest ggit : ujiT(iÂ^mia îB{fiu
GuuuiT Geuîh ?
GuuuiT Gsii^LD.
GtoGsBrgg/r : a_mja QjreBsr
GLj(5(gtr) GsvjGfD
eresrew Gaj^niiia ?
*G[rsi^ ; sTfBjaigiija GS U GJ D
^6irar@uti GsussiriTii).
GLoGsur^ff ; ^^^rriiia, a^/rci?.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
3. 19. 70.
What is your name, sir ?
My name isSuresh Pant... His name
is Narasaiah.
What are you both (doing) ?
Both of us are Tamil students.
Do you want newspaper in the'
morning ?
Yes, sir. (I) want 'Indian Express'.
Who wants Tamil newspaper, sir ?
I want Tamil newspaper.
What else do both of you want, sirs ?
We do not want anything else.
Please take this Icey. Your room
number is thirty.
3. 19. 71.
3. 19^ 72.
eTmi<sS(g5(g Geuîh.
6TfBi<s5igT5ffi@ 55(ip GeusmiiTth.
aL_(Bj(S5@ ersBrsBr Gsuîn ?
a_rGja(^6BiJ GuLJuff Geu^nwir ?
ujT(5dsu Guuurr Geuûin ?
Ibhiiia QjrsKBr Gu.
^fBI6B eTjS^QsBT GU(!f) ?
0mia (oljrswr Gujjfr ?
^/rm/ Qiresiir Gu^jih îZiyi inirmreumim.
Lesson 19 j 185
3. 19. 73. s_m/a5igr5(g GSU GJ D ermesr Gei-^^ti) ?
eTfBi<9B(sr5 GeuG/D fiparar^to G6ii!rarL_(rto.
b. Build up drill
(i) sTiEiffiiSTja (J5(ip Gsuîi.
Geu^yiii
eTfdl(5B(65i5(g
(ii) a_mjigi5(g sTSBrsw Gsuîi?
(iii) /B/rnsja Qtrenirr Gu(5.
(iv) 0mm sT^^QesT Gu(!^ ?
(v) t^nrws QifemQ Gu(rîh ûSjp
LDnr6if5r6U(Ej.
LDiressreuiiia
GlfTswr Gu(5Lb
(vi) a_mj<B(g[5@ GSU GJ D sTssrsur
Gsu^LD ?
erssrsBT Gsu^ti ?
GsuGjD
(vii) sTiEJa^s GsuG/D s^ssirûm
G6U6iii(T_/rib.
G6U6irarL_/rijb
s^fiDsrÛU)
GSUGP : -
errs/dEigTîS
Gsuîi
Gsu^LD
er/BicSBignjds (ip Gsuîi.
a_fBia5iST5(g sTsarssr Gsuî/ii ?
sTSJrsur Gsu^tb ?
a_/EjcssiSi5i5@ srsirssr Gsi^j/tb ?
JBITIS1& (oliTssirr Gu.
QiTsaiiT GLJ(5
jbiriiia Qifem( Guir^.
tSiiia fiT^^Qsur Gu ?
eTjS^GIssr Gu ?
/g/Bjffi eT^^(ol6isr Gufij ?
ujirsBweufEja.
inrresiireLiiGja
îD\fi Loiremeitriia
(o1(r6iiifr(5 Gu(5Lb îBy> uinemeumai
(B/rmjffi (oljrsiifT GU{5LD û9{p
iTKressreumJiSB.
2_my<!B(S5<5 GeuGjp STSSTSBT
Geuîh ?
6T6ST65r G6U@J/U> ?
GsuGjD cTSBTeffT Gsu@);Lb ?
22_fGjiS(gr^6E GeuGjp ereiresr
Gsu^yii ?
ermiaâ GeuGjD eêm^fnh
GeuemiiTib.
GeuemiiTih
e^mr^tb Gojemi^nih
GeuGjD epeisTîh Geuemimh
enGiaîX GcuGp e^fisirrû)
Geu6iii(Ti_/ni).
1861 An Intendve Course in Tamil
c. Expansion drill
(i) ermiatsr^ds (seu^j/in.
(ii) eT/H/(gr5ds (Seasminih.
(oljrsBBr CeusiisTL-friii
(iii) _fEj<9Si@5i9S GeuÛLon' ?
if'iiiSeiT 0(tp Gcuûin/r ?
(iv) [biTiiis miremeumia.
j2ii|p LDfresireum/dB
Qirsnir Gu(jT,ih iniressTeiiiiia
(v) 6Tm/a5@5@ GsijBBn_/rtn.
6f!6m^)lib GeuemiiTih
GeuGro Geuemiinb
ffTrGi6Si6r$<s Geuîri.
eTf6ia(g5@ Iysfr CP Gsuîn.
fiT/H/i@5d5 Geuam-L-iTih.
GsussifTL/rin.
GsusBirrtTin.
E_fEj<sB(ffr56B@ Gsuûi(r ?
2_(Ei(6r5a@ ^miSeh (ip G6IJ@I;IB/I?
L_m/igT5@ (olireairr .#f5iJsfr (ip
Gsi/ÛLDIT ?
jB/riBJiSB inffsssTsiifBia.
fBirniia Glirsuir Guîi îB\fi
LairemetJiiia.
ffT/B/(6r5(g GsusBsri_rrLb.
eTfBi<S(ST5a@ spsiror^yii) GsusBoriiTin.
ermiaigYjia GSV I GJD epem^)ith
GeiiemiiTih.
(i) Q
A
(ii) Q
A
(iii)
Q
A
(iv)
Q
A
(v)
Q
A
T(Eja(eT^<s sp (jp Gsuî/ii).
0mi& er^^QesT Gu ?
^(rm/ffi Qjrem Gu.
/ff/B)6B (olfresir Gu^tii sTeirssrsiifr â^^fmja ?
rBiTiiia QifsmQ Guîi) ^t^jp ii/r6wrsuf5i.
uj/r((5ig^ .Stfijpu Guuu/r G S U ^ L D ?
eT6r@<a jSuS'jptJ GuuuiT Geuîb.
a_mi(Sii5iSB GsuGp ermm Geuîh ?
(i) sTfEia5(gf5@ Qjdp
Geu^};i). V
Substitute
6T6ariS5(g
Lesson 19 / 187
^siifE/asigfja
(ii) rbrrwa QijemQ Su.
Substitute
(iii) rbiTfiim Qi;emQ Cu.
Substitute
(i) STfBjaioTja 55(ipG S U ^ U LD .
eTf5Ja5(Si5(gLJ GuLiUfi
Gsuîi).
er/Hjastsrja '^ssimq-UJSsr
ffTiSSrOLPjJsfo' GajÛLD.
(ii) 6Tn5i<B(ST5(g (ip Gsu^j/ii.
Gsu^yLD.
eTsrt)L?!rsTO' Gsu^ti.
(iii) 6Tmi<S(ST5@ (ip Geuîi.
6T/5ia5(g75tJ GuiJuff
Gsu^îii).
a^65r fi^ (jp Geuîi.
a_nsj^@ @!C5 (ip Gsiiîi).
^suguiffi fip(5 (ip Gu@i/tD.
^su(g fi^(5 ffirip Gsuîi.
^su(5<s@ 6^(5 Gsuîi. -
^sufE/<9B(gir5@ sp (jp Gsu^Lo.
/BiTLD (ol!76iror@ Guqf).
ôUiB/dfi (ol!rsirar(5 Gu.
/B/rraa GljjsBiyr Gu.
/B/rma (ip@)/ Gu.
jBiT'Bja, =9/(5* Gu.
/BTfBia GLJ(5.
fBrrfE/65 ffTfip Gu.
(BT/aas @iiug/ Gu.
jbnram UjSgiD Cu.
a_(Ei@5a(g sTsarsur GSI /@J/LD ?
a_(Bi6B(sr5(g eT6iir6!(T Gsu^ti ?
a_/5ja(Sr5(g erssrsjr Geuggj/ii) ?
lij/r* 55(y>G U @U LD ?
uj/T(5<s@tJ GuuuiT Gsuûii ?
eraeiOLS'ifeio' Geuîh ?
a_(5i<B(aT5(g (ip Gsuggj/Lonr ?
a_fBJiS(if5iaigLJ GL/ LJU O- Geuî/mfr ?
a_ni/(ST5|i5 '^sswriij.ujSBT
srasTUti'jrero' Gsugp/icff ?
(iv) 6Tf5ja5:g5tS(g (ip Gsuûb. srimmÂ^ (ip GKUGIHITIITLD.
eTmi<S(ei5<5su Quuun ermjaigija^LJ Guuuff GsusBirTifrib.
eT(B;<sS(S]f5@ '^ssirruj-Ujfiir srfBJeBiSifjffi '^sroTU).UJS5T
6T<B6YOL?!rsfo' Gsuîi. er.BSTULS'irsfo' Gsuasin-i-dLn.
EXERCISES
given below.
Model : s_fEj<gB(6T5@ ereirssT ? (want)
(i) SmSeh (ip (do not want)
(ii) tbTiiim GlirsBifr (persons)
(iii) ^/B^fr/EJ65, -(key)
(iv) a_/5i ^(tfi rbihuH (thirty)
(v) 2_/EJ66ig5<5@ Guuuii GevûiiT ? (in the morning)
(vi) a_/Bjisi5(g erdrrsisT G S U ^ U L D ? (else)
(vii) srnsiaigrjdB GsuGjj GsusaimfrLO. (even one)
h. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the pronouns given in
parentheses.
(i) û9(ptj GuiJuiT Geu^)/^-f/BTsir)
(ii) sp (5(ip Qeuîib. (itrriiia)
(iii) ...STSsrssr Gsuîi ? (0iii&)
(iv) îBy:iLj Guuuii Gsu^th ? (lurr)
i. Write the word represented by the formula.
Example : eresrcS fiiresr + Dative
(i) /BfTiBJa + Dative :
(ii) jbtrw + Dative :
(iii) iS + Dative :
(iv) fgmj<sB + Dative :
(v) cS/sussr + Dative : ,
(vi) cS/sii + Dative :
(vii) cS/ffu + Dative :
(viii) êuriis + Dative : ,.:
(ix) + Dative-:
j. Fill in the blanks using the cues given in parentheses.
(i) QijemT(S Gu. (we excl.)
(ii) tbiT^ Gu(iT). (we incl.)
(iii) (jpuugy Gu. (you pi.)
- Lesson 19 I 1S9
(iv) ^(!T)U^îung)i Gu. (this-lhey)
(v) c9ytjbLj^juj(g* Gu. (that-tiiey)
k. Ciive the plural form of these words.
(i) LDiTsmeveiT :
(ii) wnemrff^ :
(iii) @tp/6(o)^ :
(iv) ffGaiTîP :
(v) Qufrssin-gp :
1. Fill in the blanks using the cues with necessary modification.
(i) finma ûS'tP mnemsutiis,. (two persons)
(ii) c^,un5i<s iDnemeQriim. (ten persons)
(iii) êumia r^Sîumm. (fourteenfpersons)
(iv) 0mim GutjrrS^tumai. (fifteen persons)
m. Change these sentences as in the examples.
Example : sr/BJcSSisijiSig ijp Geuûii).
sTfBjasiSTjiSig (ip G6U6aim_/rii).
(i) 6TfQ(gr5<a@ SriiSeh (tp G S U ^ L D .
(ii) ST6iyr<a@LJ GutJuir Gsi/^yii.
Example : srrii&â^ ?(!5 (tP Gsuîi).
a_re;a5(Sir5<!B(g eraJrsBr Gnj@i/u) ?
(i) ST(Bj(sr5<s sp(5 i_Lj6fr (tp Geuîi).
(ii) sT65r(gu GuLJu/f G S U ^ U LD .
E.xample : sTraaisija (tp Gsu^nh.
lunÂ^ (jp Gsiyîi ?
(i) ersOTa^ îBipu Guuuir Gsvjîn ?
(ii) sTfKjaisrja f-Ljsfr gp Geuîh.
n. Frame sixtten stntences from the table given below.
Example : ersBTaîJ Guuuir Geuîh.
jbirsirr
jbirmim Guuuir Geuîh
I I P
GeuemiiTih
(i) ,a_fBj e5(ip ^liiuff ffrsBTfiir ? ' ' .v'-'
(ii) E_m; 6I?LL/Biiuff eT65r65r ? ' ' , v
1901 An Intensive Course in Tamil .
(iii) a_/BJd5 (ip /BLDU/T (Lpuu^rr ?
(iv) aL_mj@5@ arrQeou^Qso er'asrein Guuun Gsuâii) ?
(v) a_raj<B(Si5a(g a/rQeoiLPCsu GeuGna STSSTSST GSUOTJ/LD ?
(vi) a_/5J(ST5a@ euoneiOieoQeci (jf)(ip Geuînir ?
(vii) a_mi65(Sif5(g sjJDn-afiii_sbCc60 dPrejJsfr rip Gsu^tD/r ? i_L/sfr
(jp Gsu^jjLDfr ?
VOCABULARY
'want' 'room'
'persons' L_qsfT 'double'
'single'
GeusmTinih
'do not want'
airQeouSGtso 'in ^he morni ing'QuLJu.T 'newspaper'
GeuGno 'else' sassifT^jyii 'even one'
ffIT SI? 'key' 'thirty'
GRAMMAR
3.19.70. Unlike regular verbs, there is a class of verbs in Tamil which is called
defective verb. As they do not have all the required forms of conjugation as
other regular verbs they are called defective verbs. They are impersonal and
common to all genders. They obligatorily require dative as their subject.
Gsu^yii is a defective verb which signifies ' want' or ' be necessary'.
Example :
3. 19. 70. 6Tmi(Si5@ (tp Gsugpin.
The difference between the defective verb and one of the regular verbs
'be' may be illustrated as follows.
jb'T^ SSlLDg^GsO ^(5<B(gG(D6i5T.
<:9/eu6sr SDLDgs^Gso Â^criyeiir.
^su ssiui^djGso ^(f5@(^.
cS^su 65)in^(5G60 ^(5(g(2?(f5.
sT5!ir<K(g Gsu^yii.
cSysugudfiig Gsu^ytb.
The corresponding negative is expressed by GSUSSBTL-O-LD and it signifies 'do
not want' or ' not necessary '. Example ;
3. 19. 70. sTfH/a(Si5@ (tp Gsussin-iiriis.
GsuigjJtn 'do not want' is another form of negative of Gsu^tn 'want'. In the
common speech, this is also frequently used as GsK65im_/rin 'do not want'. v
Lesson W / 191
3. 19. 71. Gu{5 here means 'persons'. It is a plural noun. It is simply
qualified by any number as other predicative constructions. Example:
3. 19. 71. /BTfB/a QjrssBr Gu.
3. 19. 72. The conjunctive partcle -a_tb is added to Gu when the mean-
ing of conjunction is attributed. Example:
3. 19. 72. jbiriiia QifsmQ Cuîi js*^{p u5ff6ii5r6u;BJ6B.
3. 19. 73. The numeral spssiyr^ 'one' and the particle-a_in (as gjsirorîi))
together give the meaning of complete denial when they are followed by any
negative verb. Example:
3. 19. 73. sT(E/@5cB(g GsijGfD epem^th Geuemitrih.
Sandhi: a_mja5@5ig + mnQeouSGeo > aL_(BiiT5SB@ afrQfiOufGso
(Quuuii Qsu^LoiT ?)
erfflrra -f- jSuPfpu G U L I U T srsBra^jS î[pu Quuuii
(Gsu@iiii))
(Refer S.18 in 2.14)
UNIT 3
LESSON 20
ABOUT THE HOTEL
DIALOGUE
Mr. Narasaiah, whose hotel is this?
GîrCiA) luirGifiT-
fiijîLsujiT: iBeiVL-H JB((Tirgg- This is Mr. Natarajan's hoteI.".....Do
Oig)(Sli_ GfimiTiLL.A>.... know Mr. Natarajan?
e-miAtSTâ JBI(Tfrgg-
*C(T6% : ^fioQeo... ersnraig NoI do not know him.
c9/si/Q(r<a GljS'PiLifrg;.
rbtfôAiun : ffl_mJ6B(g5@jS ^nSeo- Do you know Tahsildar
jST/r p-TinfB/r^QeuTjS Ramanathan?
QjafPii-fin/r ?
C(6g)Qi_ C9/IIC6UT(O1I_I\
jbiâ=tuujtr : S-fB/aîja u9sn;i_(f
u-/ii/r ? ^6U(5 îJu
jBTdSffGa/Tui'sbGso @(5-
<K:G!r6i% : @ .'
Lesson 20/ 193
Yes, I know (him) very well.
Mr. Natarajan is the son-in-law of
Tahsildar Ramanathan's elder sister.
Is it so ? I do not know that.
Do you know Mr. Nagarajan ? Now he
is in Nagercoil.
I know (him). But, ( I ) do not know
(him) very well.
His sister is the wife of Mr. Natarajan.
Oh (I see).
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
3. 20. 7.4. sTsiT* j^naifng^Qesr^ Q^îL\ih.
ffT65ra@ ^BL-ir/r^GlRtrjS (ol<s(Puj(rgj.
3. 20. 75. eT65r(g jr/rLD/B/r^Slsffr Glirfrtnu /BebsoirjS ^^tPiLfih/.
a_n5i<sBigi5{g jT/rinjB'r^GlesT Qîrihu ;B6t)6i3frjS QîPiLfioir?
b. Build up drill
(i) erssra^ /BTajr/rggClsn-jS
QjSrPiqii).
QjafPiqin
jBirsir/rggGlsffF
eresra
erfisra /BTasinrgjGlsBr^ (SljSfPiqin,
(ii) a_7Bi<S(65ffi@ ibiiîTggQesr^
SL-iiisiÂiQ
(iii) ST6!fr<5@ (T/rtc/Bir^Glsur Qijiribu
erssTiSS
c. Expansion drill
(i) CT6!nra@<s Gl^rPiqtii.
(ii) STSwra^^ Gl^fPiufrgi.
/Bijr/rggGlssr^ Q^jPujTgj
(iii) s^mis<rT,&(g)^ QîPiLiinir 7
(iv) eT65r<s@<s Q^ffiqii.
QijiTihu rbsbsoiT^ Qîfu-iih
(v) 6TSiyrffi@^ Gl^fPiu/rg/.
jBrratr/rggGlsnTiS QîPiL/frg;
S-iBiaisrja JBIjr/rggOsoTiS
QjafPiL/uj/r ?
E_(Bjffi(ST5ffi@ jBi_7(rggG1s5r^
ffT65r@ !rn-uijB'r^(ols5r Qir/ribu
jBsiJfiOiTjS Q{S/Pu-/ixi
(ol(j-/Tiriu ^b60nr<B Qîfu-fth
IfiTinibn^Qesr Qijiribu /Bsbsu/r^
6T65ra@ (rfTin/BfrjsOssT (Slir/riiiLJ
eT6sriS@<s Gl^fPiqii).
STSSrffi jT/TLD/BT^GISiSr^ GljSlPiqLD.
CTSBTa^ (oljSffuj/Tg/.
QîPiqiuiT 7
GljrffuiLi ^sbso/r^ Q^rf'tqii).
rbsbeoiT^ QîPiLfih.
6T65r(g<s (olîPtufrg/.
CTsurffi Qjr/rtiu ^6b60T<s
Q^/Pujfrg;.
6T5r<B ^TaiTTggGlssr Qir/ribu
(i) Q: s_mia(gr5@ {biraifiTggQeisr^ QîPiLfinir S
A : dSfcLOT. eTS5r<56@iS (oliSfPtL/ii).
Lesson 201 195
(ii) Q: 2_(B/(gif5<s@ TBI(rn-^QfiBT^S Q<sfPfi-/U3T ?
A : ^6b(o)so. sTssra êuQij^ QîPiuir^.
(iii) Q: a_fEj(gT5(g ^frtufBT^Qfisr^ (SlîPu-Zinnr ? ^
A : ^ .' (oliT/rtfiLj jBstisOTjS <o)<sfPiqti)-
(i) 6T65r<5B@ jBfTffiirfrggSlsiyr^ srssra fitrsijiTggQesrJi QîPaîh.
Substitute
a_6!n-<5@
c9/6u@ua@ ^n-<g5!r/r^(ol6srja(olja/Pu-/ii).
(ii) erssrffiig^ Gl^jPiqii).
Substitute
Q^lPlUIT^
sTswa GeusHffTtiTLb.
(iii) 6T65r@ <^6u(ol[r^ (OIJSIPUJT^.
eT65ra5
Substitute
a_6BrQ65r
erssrasig
ersffTii
CTfiWcB
eresra
6T65r<a@
6T63r<B(g
erfiUTiB
ersBra
erarra
6T6STa@
a_6srGl5r^ QcSTPujfrgj.
a_fE/a(o1irjS QîPiuir^.
êuQssT^ GljSfPuj/Tg/.
^cuGlan-jS GljStPujn-g;,
tSjsuQcr TjS Gl^fPuj/rg/.
S-iiisQerr
sS/fiuQisrr
@aj(6/aG)srT
cêumjaQeir
cS/eu/HjaGlan-jS (o)jS(Puj(r^.
(iv) /Bi-jr/rgjGigBjQL
GfupnC-L-Oi).
Substitute
usfrsrP<si.i_Lb
<9Bsbg2/r/P
(i) sTssraig ^(rairTggGlssT^
(ol^/PiL/ib.
erssraig (BI(rrrggGlesr^
QîPiLjiJb.
(ii) erssra /Birair/rggGlssrjS
Q^/PiL/ti).
Jgi ;BIjriTgjCig)! GgjajfTL-ifib.
igi fl5L_(rffg3G(5)(o)f_ sj!DTsroi_sb.
/Bi!r/rggG(fB)(oli_ UsfrcrPa-
ah. i_tn.
/Bi!r/rg8G(6B)(o)i_ sif.
;BI!r'rggG(65)(oli_ ^Glp-
Gl^/PiL/tniT ?
a_mia(g5a@ ^L-tr/rgjGlesr^
Q^/P(qiin- ?
CT65r<5@ ;BIiTfr^Qsiir^ Gl^fPuJfrg/.
EXERCISES
. g. Fill in the blanks using the cues given in parentheses as in the model given
below.
Model: iBi-irrr^Gis^Qi- (hotel)
(i) ersijrA iîrujjbiT^QasT^ (know)
(ii) sresrA^ /BI[TfrggQsin-jS (do not know)
(iii) eT6ijT<5@ Gljr/Tijbu. Qî?iL}th (well)
(iv) ^L_!r(Tgj6ir ifinciibn^Qi^Qi-. ÂaitGeunQL-
(son-in-law)
h. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the pronouns given in
pL.rentheses.
(i) t^suQjr^ (o1^(Puj/r^.-(jBrr6iJr)
(ii) /Bn-ajr/rggGlesr^ Cl-sfPuL/tn/r ? (jSriia)
(iii) jTffLD^/T^GlesTjS QjSfPuj/Tgj. (jbtrsÎTggeir)
Lesson 20/197
i. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate formof the pronouns given in
parentheses.
(i) sTSBTa. QîPiuiT^. fcSffiu)
(ii) a_(5jigr5<a@ Q^rPiqinir ? (ijiriDibiTêiT)
(iii) a_(Bjffiigr5(g... ....QÎPILJIDIT ? (^rrajrnr^SBr)
Example: fijajiTgjQssr jbiraifrrggm + Objective
(i) -f- Objective ;
(ii) iîripibiTêiT + Objective ;
(iii) a_mj + Objective ;
(iv) ST/Bjas + Objective ;
(v) êu + Objective :
k. Change these sentences as in the examples.
Example : ^LOIT, srswa /BIir/rggGlssr^ Gl^rPiL/ii).
a_mjiT5<B(g fBiirirggQsWjS SljaVPiqin/r ?
(i) ^WT, ersBT* fitifirg^Qm^ G)^û-iih.
(ii) în/r, eresraig ffifrairfr^Gleiir^ QîPtL(Lb.
Example : ffrsffra ^Bi-irfrggGlsisr^ (olîPiqii.
(i) eT6iyrig jbT&ijrrgQQssr^ QîPu-fih.
(ii) sTssrA ijnwîr^Qesr^ QîPu-jib.
Example ; ersira fiiiîrggQesr^ QîPiLjih.
(i) erew* (r(TLDfB(T<S<ol63r^ Gl^/Piqii.
(ii) srasra ^BffffitrfrggQsffr^ Q^/Piqii).
Example : ^ U ) / T , ffissr* jbitraggQsm-^ Qîfujir^.
SL-fBjffiigrja jBijrn-^QoOT^ (ol^jfiuir^n- ?
(i) =%LDfr, (rrssratg, ijnuiîT^Qem^ Gl^rPiuirgj. ,
(ii) cîn/r, ersisriaig | B(i<5!r(T^<ol6!rr<s (oljSrPuJfTg/.
1. Frame sixteen sentences fromthe table given below.
Example : srsura êuQm^ QÎ PO^LD.
îtesr
^sussr
QîPiuiT^
m. Answer these questions.
(i) a_m/ffligi5(g<s îBy)^ Qîfu-jLoiT ?
(ii) isiQeoiurrerrih QîPiLjinn ?
(iii) a-m/aiyjffi^ Gutrfr^fPuj ft/BjSir^Sl^^ O^/Piqinfr ?
(iv) jBijT/rggssr ujfrC(r(r(oli_ tn^masffr ? a_/E/a5@5ffi(g{S GlîPiqtD/r ?
(v) 2_mja5ig][5(g a_mjffi sar ^/ri#6b^/rQ(r^ GlîPtqLDff ?
(vi) a_(B/d5igf5@ liSsfOL-ff /BTatrir^Glew^ (S)^(PIL/LDT ? ^su ^tJu
(vii) 2_(5y(gr5ffi@ a_mjis ^îPiuGijirQi ?(5.(p1^(Pu-/in(r ?
(viii) e_mj6Bigi5ffi@ a_isja5 û^tp ^^/PiuGirfrQi Gu Q^/Pujin/r ?
cS/su Gu sTsoTSirr ? '
VOCABULARY
(^sjiD(rLLL_6b 'hotel' Q^/Puîii [know'
Qîfujir^ 'do not know' ^/rrfisis^fr/f 'Tahsildar'
^6b60/r 'weir lij^tnaeir 'son-in-law'
GRAMMAR
2. 20. 74. Q^tPtLfih is a defective verb which signifies ' know '. As already
pointed out this verb does not have all the required forms of conjugation as
other regular verbs. It is common to all genders and persons. In addition to
this, this verb also obligatorily requires dative as its subject like other defec-
tive verbs. Example:
3. 20. 74. erssra jbirsijrrggQm^ G\îP.iLfih.
Note that there is an objective (accusative) case in the sentence 3. 20. 74 which
is expressed by a noun and the objective case marker -er (iBTajrfrgjGlssr). We
shall see in detail the various functions of the objective case later.
The corresponding negative is indicated by GljS/Piu/rgj ' do not know'.
Example :
3. 20. 74. ersffrdB jbrT&îrgQQesT^ QfiiPiun^,
3. 20. 75. fi&DeoiT ' well' is an adverb. In this lesson it is preceded by an
intensifier Qijmbu ' very '. Example :
3. 20. 75. sTSffTcS ijiTiiijbiT^QesT Gl(r/riiu-/B6t)60T<s QîPiLfib.
Sandhi 21. The consonants a, a, ^ and u are always doubled after the
adverbs. Example:
/Bfibeo/T -f- QîPiLfthîBAieorr^ QjSfPu^Lo
(T/rggQsOT + Q^/PiqLD/r>;B(_!r/rggQ65r^ GljSfPiqin/r
êuQi; +QîPturT^-^êuQ^^ QîPujir^ (Refer S. 20 in 2.17)
UNIT 3
LESSON 21
BUYliSIG FRUITS
DIALOGUE
sT&sresr Qeaîh ?
Sir,.what do you want ?
I want apple.
aloliisafrjrsir : &_ nsj a (STJ a a
Q&nQiA&it&srm
an'ei^L/?rf <^Lj(i'fr
GsLiîn/T ?
a-Girsi^ : afffflîîr ,^î3m Qeuem.
iiTih. QanQiAanesrA)
ûiSeh Gurrgitb. gi
.^Geoir erofreisT QeuQeo ?
Do you want Kodaikkanal apple
or Kashmir apple ?
(I) do not want Kashmir apple. The
Kodaikkanal apple is sufficient (for
me). How much does one kilo (of
Kodaikkanal apple) cost ?
aQisan-jresr : SGeotr fiireoQif
aûirtu.
igjsjr eresresr QeuQeo ?
6B(oli_affifr76ST ; sp L_^6sr
Q/)ff6b uffuj. a_fB/-
(gga i-ggfisr
*G76i^ : ereifra sp Lggeor
i_î)'r GsUî/ti).
suffQyjuujpLD i_gg6sr
676Jr65T GleuQso ?
aCliaan'jreJr ; sun'GlyjLJUjpLD sp
igjssr QfremGiaireb
Gsuûjff ? Qjj-siiiT
iggsir GsDîD/r ?
a-Gjrei^ ; ersBra sp i-ggesr
QurrîT^. QijremQ
iggssr Gsuîi).
aGliffian-jreir : ^^^rrmja epcrr,
SQeoiT ûL9eir ;
QiêmQ i-ggsar ^(r-
<9HJLJ{pLb ; QjrSBBT
iggeir surrGlyiiJuyiLD.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
3. 21. 76.
One kilo (of Kodaikkanal apple costs)
four and a half rupees.
How much does one dozen of oranges
cost?
One dozen of oranges (costs) five
rupees and seventyfive paise. Will one
dozen be sufficient for you ?
One dozen is not sufficient for me.
I want two dozens. How much does-
(one) dozen of bananas cost ?
Jrhe (cost) of one dozen of bananas
is two rupees and twentyfive paise.
Do (you) want one dozen or two
dozens ?
One dozen is not sufficient for me.
(I) want tjvo dozens .
Please take one kilo of apple ; two
dozens of oranges and two dozens of
bananas.
3. 21. 77.
ersBra ÛiSerr Gu/rgjin.
sTSBra ep^T) i.ggeir Guirîh.
S-nsjaigjao sp iggsir Gurrûsir ?
eresrA^ epar, igjsBT Gufr^/rgj.
a_mja(6Y5a@ sp iS8^ Guirîrîr ?
iSS^ suffGlyiiJujpin G)!r68BrGi_a/T6b ûuiu.
6^(5 SGeon ûiSeir jbireoQij (fûiriu.
&(S> iSS^ cîTcgaiJuyjui î^G<f(ipAaneb uiruj.
g((5 igâsT eii!fQ\fiuuîh ersBTSBT QeuQeo 7
Lesson 21 J 201
b. Build up drill
(i) erssra ûi3eh GuTgjii.
dlfcULS'efr
CTssraB
(ii) CTssraig sp iggsir Gufrîrgjii
Gu/r^n-g/
(iii) a_/E/aig[5<B@ sp J^SBT
QutrûiiT ?
Quir^mrr ?
a_(Bia(ST54B
(iv) 6^(5 iggffijr su/rQjpuujpti)
QjTswrGL-afrfib u/ruj.
u/ruj
QiTsasrGta/rsb
c. Expansion drill
(i) ST6ri5B@tJ GuiTgjih.
6p(tf) SGeoiT Guirîh
(ii) eT65r@iJ Guirîh.
su/rOyjLJUjpii) Gufrgjin
(oljresin' iggeir Guirgjib
(iii) eraiT-a^Li Gun^tr^.
ÛL3eh GuiTûgi
p iSGsoir GuiTîr^
(iv) 6T65r(55(gU GuiTÎT^.
QijemQ t-ggeir Gurrîr^
ffissra CÛLS' STT Guirgjtn.
Guirg/LD
,:îjij'6rr Gu/rgiii)
cTfiSTiSB cîJL?fr Gu(rg/Lb.
ersffra sp i_^65r Guff^frg/.
GufT^/rg/
fij) i^sBT Guirîr^
erffljra sp iêsr Gutr^frg/.
S-mjaigja sp igjsjr Gu/rgjiun-?
GufTgJLD/r
p LiêoT GufTgjtn/r ?
S-iBjatSTja sp(5 L_^6Jr Gufrgjtnir?
6^(5 1^sir sufrOjpuujptri
QirsBarGia/Tfib uiruj.
OirawrGi-aTsl) u i r u j
suirGljpLJujpLD (o)(rsniyrGL-a/rsb
U J TI U
GltrswrGiairsb u(ruj.
cT65riS@Li Guffgiib.
sTssra ûiJisTr Gu/rgiLO.
cTffljra SGeoiT ûiSeh
GuTg/LD.
sT65raigiJ Guir^tn.
erssra su/rGljpuuyjii) Guirîi.
erssra GljrciwT iggaiT euirQ^pu-
uffiih Gu/rgjLD.
CT6iIT@U Guff^/Tg/.
ffT6ijra@
GufTjSffg/.
fiTfiwraû Gun^n^.
CTSsra c!^!rauujpii) Gun-jSirgj.
eissra Gl!r6B!rr(5 iggssr d^p-QSrU-
LJ|pLb GuitîT^.
(v) Si-iiisiÂû Guirg/iD/T ?
Gu/TgJUD/T ?
ujptb GuirgjLDfr ?
(i) Q: a_/Bii6r5(g sp iggssr Gmrgjusfr ?
A : CT65r(g 6^(5 iggssr Gufrîr^.
(ii) Q: 6^(5 i_^sJiG6i;^LD/r ? GljrsisiT iggsjr Gsu^LOfr ?
A : 6T6i!T<a(g 6^(5 i_^6ir Guir^frgj. QjrssitT i_^65r Gsuûtn.
(iii) Q : ^/rteja-tjujpii) sp iggsir srsirssr GlsuQso ?
A : iggsir îj^sûu^pih c9/(^G<f (tp<a<g5/Tsb ûnoj.
(i) 6T6ifr( c^LJLS'sfr Ufptb
GLjf7g;ir).
Substitute
(ii) a_fE;(gr5<S(gJ Gu/r^to/r ?
Substitute
GurrîT^rr ?
QeuîlLDiT ?
GffuemiiTiriu ?
(o)tS(Pu_/iDfr ?
(iii) ^Gsoir rbieoQij urruJ.
Substitute
epihu^Qif
(iv) 6p(iT) L-ggsir î^G^(ip,a&<TeO
Substitute
c^GjD(Tp65ff6b
eresra^ su/rQjpuuyjtb Guirîh.
a_fE/<95(gi5ffi(gLJ Guirî:rr ?
a_(5jf5@u Gu/rîr^fT ?
a_rH/a(r5ig Geu^jiLDrr ?
S-fEjaigrja GsusiraTL-frtDfr ?
a_raj(ffr5a@^ QîPiqiDir ?
6^(5 dBGsorr /B/rsoSltr ufru'i.
sp(5 .^Gsorr cSjgffGlfr u/riu.
SGeoiT ^pQij ûiTuJ.
6^(5 .SGso/i sT-yjtoljr ufruj.
SP(5 ^GSO/T STLLl_(o)!r UlTliJ.
sp SQeorr sptnu^ffljr un'uJ.
sp(5 ^Gsoff UjS^(ol(r uiruJ.
sp(5 iggssT ^{^GiS^yÂaoTsb
UJTUJ.
6^(5 i_^65r c^G/DctpaaTsb u/ruj.
Lesson 21/203
cpiiuG^lipffiairsb
i-JjsG^(ipfr6t)
(v) i_g35r (o1(r6!wrGL_i5fr6b
Substitute
rbirQeo&n&i
cS/(Gff (r6b
cS^GfljaTsb
6TLLGL_(SB/T6b
sptbuGâ/rsb
u^GjSa/rsb
(i) eT65T<a@ ûi3eh Gufrgjii.
6T65T<S@ L-gJSBT Guit^ti.
ersiiris su/T(oly)iJU(pin
Guffg/tb.
(ii) sTssra cûii'fiTr Gu/rgiin.
STSSTiS p(5 l_g365r Gu/T^LD.
CTSirr>5@ euirGljpuujpLD
Guffîi).
(iii) ep(!^ L_^S 5 T sufrfoljpuufpLb
(o1[rfiBirrG(_n-6t) uiruJ.
sp .^Go/T CÛLS' STT /BTsoGljr
ufruj.
,^(e5G*(jp<Bfrsb u/riu.
EXERCISES
?P(!5 L-ggssr ^Gy3(tpfrst) u/ruj.
6^(5 igjeir eTLLGi_(ip<35T6b
UTIU.
6^(5 iggeir Sj)LbuG^(ipiaBisn'6i)
UTUJ.
^(5 t-gjejr i_/<sGjS(y3a5fr6b u/riu.
6^(5 IggsBT (oltrs!nn-GL_<g5nrb u/ruj.
6^(5 L_g86sr ^G5sra/t6i) u/ruJ.
/BfrGsOcKfrsb uiriu.
6^(5 iggesr cSjigGffffiirfii) u/riu.
6^(5 L-êJr c^GpffiiTsb u/ruj.
6^(5 f-ggror sjGyjaBfTsb u/ruj.
sp(5 Iggeir eiilGian-sb ufruJ.
6^(5 1ggsir spiiuGâffsl) u/ruj.
'-ggs*'' u^G<sffiff6b u/ruj.
a_iBiigT5a@ c:îJL5'6Tr Gufrîx3/r ?
.2_fBj<5iSY5 ep L-ggsffr Guirgjin/r?
s_f5jigr5@ suffGlyjiJufpih
GuiT^miT ?
ffT6ifr(g cÛtS'STr Gu(T<(TgJ.
ersurffi sp iggsw Guir^/rgi.
STS5T6B(g su/rQfpLJujpii) Gu/r^rrgj.
sp(5 t-ggsJr surrQfptJujpin CTSBTSW
fip(5SGeoa cûtS'sfr erssrssr
6^(5 Iggsir c^!r(^wuu{pu) ermesr
QeuQeo?
below.
Model: eresra^ Gev^th. (apple) ,
CT6i)r@ ^Luleir Geuîh.
2041 An Intensive Course in Taml
(i) 6^(5 L_gg65r. sr&iTesT Q^Qeo 7 (orange)
(ii) _gg6Br ereirsOT QsuQeo ? (banana)
( i i i ) 6T6!fr@ Qas/rGli-aafrfiinrsb cûLS'sfr
(sufficient/enough)
(iv) ffT6irr<sB@ sp i-gjsijr ; (not sufficient/not enough)
(v) 6^(5 erssresr QeuQeo 1 (kilo)
(vi) 6j)(5 i^Geoir U T I U . (four and a half)
(vii) sp i_^65r uiruJ (five rupees and paise seventyfive
/three quarters)
h. Write the word represented by the formula..
Example : (SlirenrGi-Sireb Qtrssirr + a/rsb
(i) (tp^ + cSB/reb :
(ii) ^/ra2/ + .
(iii) + <Bfr6b ;
(iv) 6r7(y> + =SHQ!r : ^
(v) + (ipaasirsb :
(vi) ertl + (jpaa/rsb ;
i. Change these sentences as in the examples.
Example : eresras ^Ci\3eir Quirîh.
(i) eresri^ ep L-ggssr Guirîi).
(ii) 6T6Br euffQyjiJujpib Gu/r^Lb.
Example : STSISTA^ sp ^Gsorr dîJL?6fr Gu/rg/ti).
(i) sTir p(5 iggdr Guirgiih.
(ii) erssra suirQyjtJujpiri Gu/r@jin.
Example ; dîo/r, ersifras sp aSGsOT Gua^n^-
a_(Bi<5BigT5 Sj>(5 .SGsoiT Guir-siTsSir ?
(i) .:5în/T, sTssra sp iggsir Guirît^.
(ii) c^LD(r, sTssra sM/rQtpiJujpin Guirîrgi. >
j. Frame sixteen sentences from the table given below.
Example : 6T6BT<B@ eufrQ^ptJuyjin Gu/rg/ii.
^/rssr
suirQjpiJuyjii) GufTgjin
GufrjSfr^
Lesson 21 / 205
k. Answer these questions.
(i) a_(5y<55(gf5@ ûiSeh uy)ib Gsi/gpinff ?
(ii) a_(Bya(gT5<5(gd5 arreiûT/f ^tliiS'efr GeuemimDir ?
(iii) û u , 6^(5 L-ggesT îj<^snjuifiih srsirsar QsiiQso ?
(iv) a_mja(gT5ia sT^jsQssr i^sir fiuirffl^puujptb Gsu^j/tb ?
(v) a_fE)iS6(gi5ia 6T^^(o)65r SQeoir ÛLS'STT GS U ^J / LD ? sp
SGeoiT cîJL?6fr GUITÎTÎT ?
VOCABULARY
cfÛLpsTT 'an apple' Ufpii
Gufrgyii 'sufficient/ diGsOfr
'fruit'
'kilogram'
enough'
'not enough'
'quarter'
'twentyfive paise.'
an orange
'not sufficient/
3. 21. 76. GuiTiih is a defective verb which signifies 'be sufficient' or 'be
enough'. As already pointed out, this verb also does not have all the required
forms of conjugation as other regular verbs. It is common to all genders and
persons. This verb obligatorily requires dative as its subject like other defec-
tive verbs. Example:
GufTjSiTg; 'not sufficient' or 'not enough' is the corresponding negative form
of this defective' verb. Example :
3. 21. 77. (ipaa/rsb 'three quarters', ^Q:^ 'half or two quarters' and aired
'one quarter' are fractions. When they are added to cardinals the final -a_
is dropped and -er is added before (ipaairsi) 'three quarters' and a/rsb 'one
quarter'i. e., ^s;*--|-(tpaasfrsb _jcS/(^Gff(ipaafrsb, (oljrsBifT-f-afrsb-
Q/jsiirGt_(rsb etc. Example:
3. 21. 77. 6^(5 t-ggsijr îjieâruu^piii î^GffyiAaireb
sp(5 t_^65r s>jfr(oly)iJU(pti (ol!r6ijiiTGL_<95/r6b
UfTUJ.
Sandhi : ^îâi + Ujfiih-^îji^siuuîh
6U/7(ol^ + u(pLb^su(T(oly)tJuyjLb (Refer S. 4 in 1.2)
3. 21. 76. sTssra ûiS'efr Guirîh.
3. 21. 76. 6Tssr<B(g sp iggsar GUITÎT^.
(ûLêir Geumv^'T ? ^^fer S. 18 in 2.14)
UNIT 3
LESSON 22
AT THE DINING HALL
DIALOGUE
uSaS'ilifP* 9 IT U U IT
GsuÛiJj /B7*uJuj/r'
i3m.AiîoiT 7
jbi^ûJujiT : e r e wa iSeir&rff L?iq--
Hey server ! (we) want two meals.
(Do you want) vegetarian meal or
non-vegetarian meal ?
1 want vegetarian meal. He y/ants
non-vegetarian meal...Mr. Narasaiah,
do you like fish curry ?
I do not like fish curry.
Lesson 22/ 207
OtGife^ : GaiTÂsrff LSiq-aoin/r ? (Do you) like chicken curry ?
Casn-jjCaaB^? iS'tq.Aîh.
a=ITUU!TQ GUIT^lHIT ?
ORGÊ^ : Gu(r <s/r g). s r s s r a
GEUÎH.
ffiâîuiuiT : a_(Bjffi|ST5 Gljrsiiirr
9u u n^^ GUN^WRR ?
3TGI;6^ : GungiLD. sr ayr ffi s p
STOQS'LL Gsii@i/tjD...
(Tff@6l)6D(T (o1a5(o)l_a5@ljOIT?
(BiTffuJujiT ; !ra=(g6i)6U(j Q^QL-A-
( r g ; . . . smLD^ffu/T
(ola(olL_ffi(gLb. Geu^j/LD/T?
<3TGIJ6I^ : GEUEMLÎNB.
QIJNTHU Ê^,IÎXIRR ?
avGei ^ : ÎRIN, s r s i r r a s wi n ^ i i -
Yes. I like chicken curry. Will plate-
meal be sufficient for you ?
(It is) not sufficient. 1 want two
(ihapathis too.
Will two chapathis be sufficient for
you ?
Yes, (two chapathis will be) sufficient
(for me). I want a sweet. Will rasa-
gulla be available (here) ?
Rasagulla will not be available (here).
Mysorepak will be available (here).
(Do you) want ?
No, (I) do not want.
Do you like rasagulla very much ?
Yes, I do not like mysorepak so
much.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
3. 22. 78. 6Tan-o QairÂsnS' L?i4.<a@Lb.
3. 22. 79. a_/E/<Bigf5a@ emwîiuiTiQ QQI _I SB@LD. -
3. 22. 80. .ermAi^ iâ^êbeoir êiîth.
h. Build up drill
(i) eTar6B(g Gairjâap?
sTssra
(ii) a_fBjiaBigi5@ enLD^rfu/r
QffiG)i_(gLb.
(o)a(oli_(gLb
(iii) STSsra !ra=@6b60nr ^siî_Lb.
(iv) STSSTiB SiDLD^/TUfr ^Sl^lLD
^6b(o) so
SWLD^ffUfr
STSSTiSig
(v) a_(siiSigr5@ iBsirarS'
a_n5iaisif5
eT6iiTiS6@ffi GaiTjâaf!? LJiij-aîij.
a_mjtS]f5i@ sKLD^fru/T
(olc35(oli_a(gLb
swiD^/rufT (ola(oli_as(gii)
a_(EJi95!6]f5(g SMLD^ffUn'
.(o)<55(o)l_<B@ii).
6T6inr<s6@ 5r6F(gstiS0ff ^sîih.
(Tffgsbso/r ^si%iti)
sTSUTcB !raF(g6b60(T êîib,
^sijQso.
^stiGlso
ê^L-ih ^sbGlso
sDin^fTU/T â)î_ii) ^sbQso
^sbG'so.
a_rsjigT5a@ L^sirasji? Lîq-ôiD/r ?
L?r).<Blfi(r ?
ij?6sr<g5(T? Lynf-aigtnfr ?
c. Expansion drill
(i) eT65r@LJ iS'tcÂigiih.
(ii) erssra^tj iS'i^.&siT^.
(iii) a_fBjtsr5(ga Qa(olL_atb.
ffT6Sr<B@lJ L?li).<Sfrg/.
sT65r<36 L^sjrafi? i3uf.Amir^.
s_r5jaiSTâa QaG1i_<sLb>
a_mjigT5a@ SBiLD^fruir -
Lesson 22'/ 20!)
(iv) 2_(EJ35(Sr5ffiiS QaGlt-aasfr^.
. (v) erssra @6)^(_t2).
(vi) 6T65r<B@ @ai%i_ti) ^sbGIa).
SI J.Ql_*3iiTgi.
(i) Q : s_mjisr5is@ uS'sircBffJ Lfiij-a^LDrT ?
A : irrsOTiS uJssraff? L?tq-frg;.
(ii) Q: Gn-i^<Ban5' LSiuf-a^LO/r ?
A : c^LDff, ffTS!!T<S@ Ga/Ty?**)!? tSuÂrû:-
(iii) Q : :r*(gbsOfr (ola(oli_a@LDfr ?
A ; ^fibOso. (ra:(g6b60(T QaQiaa/r^.
(iv) Q : s_mi(ffr5a(g fr*^@u0ff^ff3T ,^S2Î_IX)/T ?
(i) STSSTAÂ Gairyjaarr?
Substitute
GlaQiisafrg;
Gsuîi)
Gsu!fsn_/rLb
(ii) sTssra tiJsaTaff? L?(i}.a/T^-
Substitute
/BLoa '
a_6ara@
S-iBiffiigfja
ffTfflrraiga Ga/rjâa/r? LS'^.a^LO.
iT65ra@a Gairtâa;!? L?ii)_aanrgj.
sTsara* Ga/rjp'aao? ^ S I ^ L- LD .
sTSiSTaiga Garrz/'aa;!? (o'aGîatgLc.
STS(jra@Jj GafTjâa.)?
GlaGli_a(T^.
STssra* GarryJ'aaT? GaU^yii)-
6T6in"-s@a Ganry?**;!? Gjx/STOn_frc6.
STswaâ GafTiâa;!? Qurrû,.
eimAÂ Ga/rip'aai? Gufj^.Tdy.
ersifra u?S5Ta(i? Lyiij-aan-gj.
sTfBJaigrja uS'saraftf iJ'm.aa/rgj.
;BLDa@ u^swapy L?i4-a(Tgj.
a_6isTa@ uJeirafT? LS'Lj.aadgj.
sj_fB/ai25 uJOTraji? Lyt^faaf?^.
(iii) &-rGia^3 iêira^
Substitute
(iv) 2_m/(S5(Si5a@ ewiDîrunr
Substitute
^6U(BJ<SlgT5
(v) CT65r@ !ra=(a36t)60fr^6i%i_ti).
Substitute
(vi) 6T5r 'efosiyil' êîih.
Substitute
es)LDîTurr
(vii) ernsiasjerjaiga <9=/nJLj/r(5
Substitute
cSjsrr ci^ a= . 9= ;r u LI (T
a_mia(gr5(g etntD^/ru/r
@6U(Sif5@ siDUj^/fun'
@si;0J@ traigsbsorr ^s q . i_Lb .
STSsra 'rosi?LL' ^6>%i_ii3.
ffTSiira !ra@6b60(r êisîih.
eT65r(g smtnîTUiT ^|ffl%L_iL.
STfEjffi i grja* snffsua ffnuun($
Geuîh'
eT(Ej(gf5@ uS'sfi'ilifPa g^nuuirC^
sTiiiaâ^ c9j6TT6iya a/ruufT(5'
Lesson 221 211
(i) eT65r Gairyjaajt?
LS'jq.<B(gtb.
sTssra ufejrapy L?(i).t3Bti.
6T65raig emLDîTL/ir
(o)(o1t_ffiU).
cTssra (ri5=@6i3so/r
(o)<9B(o)L_<5| gU).
sTfisra !ra=(g6b60ir ^s5^t_Lb.
(ii) sTSffraâ Ga5ffy9dBfr?
L?iq-aigi).
sT65r<s6(g jrîgsbso/T
(olaQiiSBîi).
(iii) sTb!rr<Bg56B Cffin-yyaafr?
(old5Qi_(gin.
erffijra iBmrm^ i3in.s,<g)ih.
erssra siDLD^rfu/T ^ B I ^ L- LD .
SL-rE/asigrjiS smLDîruir
Gl(oli_<B@u3/r ?
a_mjiSB(sr5 ijsFêbeorr
a_fE/<S5|gI5i36@ SKLD^lfuiT
S-fBiaigrjffi !rs=igsi;sO(r ^SIÎUJIT ?
STSSTA^ LffsoTffijT? LSiq-aa/r^.
EXERCISES
g. Fill i n the bl anks usi ng ths cues gi ven i n par entheses as i n the mod e l gi ven
b el ow.
Model: 6T/5J@5@* Geuîh- (meal )
(i) erssTffio Qeu^th. ( vegetar i an meal )
( i i ) =9jsij(5ffi@ Geuîh. ( non-vegetar i an meal)
( i i i ) CTSSTdB Gun-^fTg/. (pl ate meal )
( i v) sTfiFra iS'iif.Asir^. (fi sh curry)
( v) sT6!nr L3in.m@ih. ( chi cken cur r y)
( vi ) 6T65r i g# Geu^niii. ( chapat hi )
( vi i ) 2_fa(Si5@ (ol(oli_aB/r^. (r asagul l a)
( vi i i ) a-m/dSigja (O)<B(O)L_IS@U) ( mys or epak)
( i x) eT6iyr@ Sa/rjâan? ( l i ke)
212 j An InXtmme Cowse in Tamil
(x) CTSffra ufsJrasfr? (do not like)
(xi) CTSjrao !ra=bsu/r (be available)
(xii) sTssra smtn^fru/r (not available)
h. Change these sentences as in the examples.
Example : sresraâ GarrL^ffiisa? (-?i4-<S(gub.
&T657{55 65
(i) CTem-a uJesrasfi? L5'iij-<Bti.
(ii) a_(Bjffiig5<B {r<f6bsorr Qa5Qi_Lb.
(iii) S76sr<s sjDLD^/fu/r ^si%L_ii3.
Example : ^mir, erssraÂ Gs,ni^s,a,rS' tS'iânsjih.
(i) c^tfifr, 6765r uJsJrafr? LS^-a!!).
(ii) <=^ti5'''i s76!rriB {r<y6b60(r Q G1 I _I BLD .
(iii) t:û5fr, S7ffln"a= <f uu/r^^ ^ S I ^ I _ LD .
i. Frame sixty sentences from the table given below.
Example : s7Siir iSmmi^ tiS'iq.a!!!.
uJsirdsp?
jrff6b6U/7
S55LD^( r U( 7
L5'tq.Lb
L?ii).a<g5frgj
{ol<3sQL_aLb
j. Answer these questions,
(i) a_nsiig5 uJsirffift? L?ir).iStD/r ?
(ii) a_mi35igT5<5 GajryJAa/r? L?i4.ffiti(T ?
(iii) 2_fSi <:9j6irsi/6= aîruurrQ Guir^LDtr ?
(iv) E_mi<g5(gr5<5 nrQ60u_?G60 er^^Qsin- aûurr^^ Qsuîh ?
(oltrssirr Gufrg/tnff ?
(v) 6OTiD^(5 GeifflfrLLisbGso !rffsbst;(r (old5Qi_aLDfr ?
(vi) &_mjÂa= auutr^^ ê^,i_uitr ?
(vii) 2_mja5(Sr5 srosifL. ^siî_ti êaQsoiuir ?
VOCABULARY
aiTUUtT(S 'meal' emaeu (ih) 'vegetarian'
'non-vegetarian' u^sarasfr? 'fish curry
'like' ij'^.aa/rg/ .'do not like'
'chicken curry' ^srreijA
*frLJu/r(5 'plate meal'
Lesson 221213
sûun^0 'chapathi' eivaSiL 'sweet'
!r<9=@6b60/r 'rasagulla, a QffiGlL_<s@ii) 'be available'
kind of sweet dish'
G)6B(o)(_<S5<3B/r^ 'not avilable' aninîfuiT^ 'mysorepak, a
kind of sweet dish'
âî_to 'like'
GRAMMAR
3. 22. 78. As we have seen in the earlier lessons 19, 20 and 21 the defective
verbssuch as t3iq.aîh/LSiq.aaiT}, Q6BQi_@ii/<oliS5(ol(_<B(SB/rgj and ê^L-th/
^s^tih ^sbOeu do not have all the required forms of conjugation as other
regular verbs. They are common to all genders and persons. The defective
verb êi^L^thf ^6^L-th ^sbQso signifies 'like/do not like'. Example:
3. 22. 78. ermsiÂ QaitjfiAmiS' iSuf.s@Lb.
3. 22. 79. (ol6BG1i_6B@u)/Q(S1i_6Ba/T/ signifies 'be available/not available'-
Example ;
3. 22. 79. s_iGj<5s@5ds eniDîTun' (oliSB(oli_(gtb.
2L_m/(a5igr5<S(g smtc^/fu/r QaQisaur^.
3. 22. 80. ê^t-ih 'liking' is originally a. noun. It is used in the meaning of
verb 'like'. The corresponding negative is expressed by ^lsi%L_ii) and the
negative verb êoQeo 'not'. Example: ^
3. 22. 80. erssra !r<9=@sba)/r @6i%i_u5.
CTSBra ento^rfufr êîih ^sbSlso.
Note that in all the sentences (3. 22. 78, 3. 22. 79 and 3. 22. 80) the defective
verbs occur with the dative subject.
Sandhi: anaêuih + aiTuunQ swffsu ffirtjuir (Refer S.2 in 1.1)
ciOffsu + <fTuu/r ? fijBffsuj S'ITUUITQ
iBe&iLL-iP + cyiTuu/T t'fi6'ili_(fi<9= îruuir
êtreij +ÎTUUITQ => êfrofS'a'nuurTQ (Refer S. 4 in 1.2)
eT65r@ + GaaySaasfl?-->CT6OT@ GaffyJaaBfl? (tJtq-A^tb)
(Refer S. 18 in 2.14)
UNIT 3
LESSON 23
DO YOU KNOW TAMIL ?
DIALOGUE
ar/BjSjTjsG^/rGIt
unremeueir, sreir Gu
<3^G{rei%.
SrGê^ : ^ IT, er esr a a
(ola5(rte5*ii) ^ iB
QîfiLfib.
I am a student of Professor Sundaram.
My name is Suresh,
I am a friend of your Professor. My
name is Murtiii. Do you know Tamil ?
Yes, I know Tamil a little.
(yj/ijSjS : a_fBj<aB jSn-uJ(olin(r{^ STSBTSST? What is your mother tongue ?
HP'T^^ : '^liiSeoih jBebeDiru
ffrClTffl^ : ^sbQso. ersisrffio ^rtS-
eoib pfioeonu qiPiuffg/....
(ffiiT^^ : ^sbQeo, sTfisra mifir^^
DRILLS
Lesson 23 / 215
My mother tongue is Hindi, t
Do you understand English well ?
No. I do not understand English
well. (I) understand only Hindi well.
Do you understand Hindi ?
I do not understand Hindi well. (1)
understand a little.
Professor (Sundaram) understands
Marathi... Do you understand
Marathi ?
No, I do not understand Marathi.
a. Variation drill
3. 23. 81.
3. 23. 82.
GuiTir-^/Puj* lap-ir^^ L/fPiqin.
6Tsro ^liiSmh qjfujffg/.
6T6sro t^miJSeoii) wtr^îjth L/rPiu/rgj.
erswa iLifn^^ u^n^îjih q/Ptu/rgj.
b. Build up drill
(i) GLj[j-/r,#fPiU(5a@ latfn^^
(ii) a_miigi5(g j|j,(Q<Sfio:i)
qrPiqtD/r ?
L/fPiqiDff ?
Gi_((rn'rf'fP(U(5 mîr^^ L/fPcL/ii.
L/iPiîi)
qiPiL/LDir ?
(iii) cTSifra LD/r^jS(ru)
L/fPiqtfl
eT65r<K
c. Expansion drill
(i) GuiîTSiPuj(râû L/fPu-/u).
(ii) 6T6ffra(gu L/iPujTg/.
(iii) er6STu L/fPiqin.
(iv) 6T6sri5@u L/fPuj/rgj.
^(EJiêoii) irtn^îjth qiPiu/r^
LjlPU-llh
GLJ!rfr#(Puj(5<B@ LDjr/r^^ Lj/Pu-|tn.
6T6ijr<5U L/fPliJfrgJ.
eT6sr(giJ q/Piqin.
e.
(0 Q: c^fBjJsoth /Bsi^so/TLi L/fPiqtDfr ?
A : êbQso, sTSffra ^^mii^sOLb rbsbeoiru qiPiu/rgj.
(ii) Q: S-nsjaigTja ^/BjS 4(Pu-/[i)/r ?
A : 6T6Wi5(g ^/B^ ^sbso/ru q/Puj/rg/.
(iii) Q : 2_(5/iST5(g LDijrr^^ L/fPiquo/r ?
A : êoQeo, êisrA(g,.in^rT^^ LfiPiuir^.
(iv) Q : i_fBjffiigT5@^ ^t^tp Gl^/Pii-Zinn- ?
A : t^LD/t, 6T6BT(65 (olafr(5i?Lb Û^jp (olfS/PlL/LD.
Substitution drill
(i) .eT6sr(g iDijn^^ L/JPILJLO.
Substitute
tnQsuuj/rsirin
assTssriLD
(ii) ersura ^liiSeoih qfPiqii.
Substitute
L/iPiufrgi
(o1^rPu-/tn
Q^fPujirgj
sTssra tD(r/r<s^ qrPtL/Lb.
GTSisra L/fPiqib.
ffTssra c^(s/isuub LjiPu-jdi,
eifflfra inGlsoiurrsmi) q(Pu-/ii>.
sreiraiga assrssTL-ii) L/rfiiqii.
cT6iyra@jS Gl^gj/rej L/IPILJLD.
sTSffra t^rE/idSsOLD L/iPiqin.
CT65ra@ t^mjcfisOLb L/fPuuirg).
STSsra ,^m/isOLb Gl^/Ptqiii.
(iii) ja-mjffiigja ^fi^ t-iiPiLfifirr ?
Substitute
(oljSlPcL/UDir ?
qiPajfrjSff ?
QjSiPiuir^nr ?
J-PUf-aÛDfT ?
iS'tq.AairîT ?
(iv) cTssra* QaiTiâib ûB^
GljSfPiqif).
Substitute
(i) ersiira L/iPiqii3.
ersiTiSB ^îBJidêOLD L/iPiqin.
CuiTfT^lPuj^cS lijn^0 .
(ii) eresTiSS ^fi0 LDir^^rrih
LjlPlLfth.
eT6sr@iB îîp LD/TjSjSjrLb
Lesson 23 / 217
s_mj6S(g<3d5 Q^fPiqinir ?
a_(Bj<B(r5(S ;Bii8 L/iPuJfr^/r ?
ffi_/E/(ST5@ ^/Bj^ LÛf-AmiTÎT ?
GljSfPiqii). '
ep6sro /Bfibeon-jS jSi^jp (oljSfPu-/tn.
S-fB/aigfjcS @/BiS L/rPii-/U)(r ?
eT65i@ JB^ ifi/rjSj^jrtjb Ljrf'uuirgy.
6T65r@<s iSi^(p uxrjSjStrin qfPiufrgj.
qiPujTgj.
EXERCISES
below.
Model: sTOTro jZLfitp Q^îqib. (little)
(i) eT6in-<B@ (understand)
(ii) ersura ,îiiSeoih (do not understand)
(iii) erssra îBjS L/fPiqii). (only)
h. Change these sentences as in the examples.
Example : erssra UII;IT^0 Lfifiqih.
ersura UIÎT^0 qiPiuirg/. . ^ c
(i) eresra <::%m;^60in qiPiL/ii. ' ;
(ii) erenT&f^.^^^ qfPtqii). ' >
Example ; îmr, 6T65r@ ^/B<5 L/fPiL/LD.
(i) ^lon, sTfiara IDIJIT^^ L/fPiqii).
(ii) d?j,u)T, ffT6sr<B@ ^(5;^60ii q/Pu-;tjb.
Example : êbGlso, ersurffio ^jBjS qif u-/ii.
(i) ^sbGlsO, sresra laijn^^ q/Piqii.
(ii) êoGlfiO, eT6!iT<B@ d?j,fB/.5soti qiPu-iii).
Example : erma^ îBjfi inn^îjih qiPiqtb.
(i) 6T6!ITffi<S ^t^JP UÎT^Îflh HlPlLjth.
(ii) ersBTa tnijn^^ mn^îfih LjiPiLjih.
i. Frame sixteen sentences from the table given below.
Example ; eisBra ^/B^ qff(qtb.
q/Piqix)
a/B^trin qfPujiTgj
j. Here is some information. Put it all together in one sentence using the
Exan-'ple: JBTSST
ffTSsra ÛLêh Geuîh.
(i) cSiLJUfT
ersJrsBr
(iii) ^liia
rbireueb
(v) uj/r
uyjin
(ii) uj/r(5
q(PiL/ir>
(iv) ^fEi
(vi) ^suejr
(vii) .3/6U(!5
GeuQp
(ix) jiiresT
Geiiosarifrm
(xi) 0
(xiii),;f(Ej.
(viii) ^liia ,
(x) ujfr
L_836Jr
(xii) /ff
aiq-asn-jTii)
(xiv)
QfTcror
(xv) ts/siisir
(xvii) /BT65r
LJ/TUJ
(xvi) 0mja,
snuujsir
QjS(fU-/l)
(xix) /giiaia (xx) ^su
(i) 0mis ujrrO^frGli ujnrsKBrsu ?
(ii) a_(E/aB SG^î!^ QutQ eresrasr ?
(iii) a_(BJ65 SGfiS^(rf,a^^ ûSjp (o1^(Pu-/inT ?
(iv) &_(Gi<S5ig9<s îsjSeoib fisbeoiTU qrf'iqus/r ?
220 f An Intensive Course in Tamil
(v) a_ra/@5ij i3ij^9t Qmn^ qiPiqus/r ?
(vi) a-fKiaigja si_m jSTuIiQic/ryP lan^îfih JSTOTT Q^rf'iqinff ?
(vii) SL.tBsair^&@ mifap^ nS'iun^n ?
VOCABULARY
'understand' q/Pojirg; 'do not
understand'
'the Marathi
language*
'only'
GRAMMAR
3. 23. 81. qiPiqin is a defective verb which signifies 'understand'^ This verb
also does not have all the required forms of conjugation as other regular verbs.
It is common to all genders and persons. Like other defective verbs this verb
also obligatorily requires dative as its subject. Example:
3. 23. 81. Qu!jn^^tU(!f)A^ uajn^^ qfPiqif).
q/Puj/rg/ 'do Jiot understand' is the corresponding negative form of this defec-
tive verb. Example:
3. 23. 81. CTSsra ^liiSeoih Lfifiuir^.
2. 23. 82. LCiiT^îjth 'only' is an adverb which is used in the meaning of the
limitation of quantity. Example :
3. 23. 82. 6Teijr(g ^/B<S inrr^îjih qiPiqin.
Sandhi : Si-fi^jth + ^Qi > ^/B^jr^G^frQi (Refer S.17 in 2.13)
(Refer S. 18 in 2.14)
gifioeorr + qrf'tqirKr ^ psebsofrtj qiPuûonr
/Bfii^soiT + qrPujirgj 7>- /Bsbsu/ru qiPiuirg/ (Refer S. 21 in 3.20)
Cu(rT<#/f'iij(!5 -f )Gli_ Gujrn-iifPujGtrn-GlL. (Refer S.3 in 1.2)
^NIT 4
LESSON 24
VISITING A FRIEND'S HOUSE
DIALOGUE
dfiir^^ : etviTiT ! euijeoiTLDn ?
eusssramih ! svirriis,
gffiiiserrfT ?
ftfid^^ ; cutoff....2_/5j tcQfiBrei?
May (I) come (in), sir ?
Oh ! Is.he Mr. Murthi ? Vanakkam.
Please come in, please be seated.
How are you ?
Fine, How are you ?
I am fine... Is.your wife not at home?
222 I An IvXemxve Course in Tamil
euirGiuek.
ameoiT : ereiresriiis, STSSTSOT
Geuîh ?
aixieoiT ;6T6irr@jg Q ^ if u-f ih.
QiBTsiiin" SUIT.
eunsoiT : aiPiiia.
(ipffjSj^ ; /BTiD ^tJua 6bg2/r/Pu
Gu/Ta60(ri/r ?
She is (at home)... Kamala, please
come here for a while.
What (is the matter) ? What do (you)
want ?
He is Mr. Murthi...
I know (him). (He) is a professor
in the Hindu college.
.Well, bring two cups of coffee.
Yes (I do).
Shall we go to the college now ?
Please drink the coffee first... Then
we shall go to the college.
Alright.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
4. 24. 83, jS QairewrQ surr.
jS SUIT.
0 QUIT.
4. 24. 84. fiiiia QairemQ euiriiim.
4. 24. 85. 0 QsiTem(S euirGiudn.
4. 24. 86. /BTssT euijeoniDiT ?
fmim euifeoiTib.
Lesson 24 / 223
4. 24. 87. jbrTLn oAiîPaiû Quirasoirth.
[biTisi asbgwifa^LJ GuirmeanoiT ?
4. 24. 88. rîTLD assbgw/Paû Quiraeomun ?
4. 24. 89. csyuL/fljib, jgrriD Guir&eoirih.
rSiui-ipLb, ^niD GuiraeoiTLDiT ?
b. Build up drill
(i) Glasiraiifr euir.
QairemQ euir
(ii) iSiiis a_a(T(5fBi.
(iii) 0 @(i).CJuJ65r.
(iv) rbnm (SsbowPaB G U . T * -
eortth. .
Quna>eonth
c. Expansion drill
(i) (f (olff6!roT(5isi//r.
3(5 asu SlaBirsiTOT aj/r
(ii) jfisiffi g>uj.mjas.
a5/rL?G)uj<K @ii}.mja5
(iii) 0 sutrQium.
^fBiGas suirGiijsiir
(ola5iT(ga=ijb 6U(rGujS5T
(iv) ^(TID Gu(raB60(TLD(T ?
aseiigifffPaû Guiraeonuû ?
U LJ U CfiU/ra6DiTU3fr ?
Q<Bff655T(5 61i/r.
jSnsias 2_a6a5ff(5fBj.
jffEjaB aL.aGfr(5mj.
jf @tq-GuJ6iJT.
;Bfrtri aBsbgifffPaBîJ Gurts>eonih.
GunssoiTth
6l3gjfffP<B@u Cu/rassUfrtD
jBTU) asfibga/rfPaou GuTasso/rir).
rf asfni* Slasfrssirr SUIT.
jf sp aij asTL? (o1a5(TSSOT(5su/r.
lflBJ |g(J).(E/a5.
^ surrGujsiT.
^ ^tiiQa euirGiueir.
0 QsiTâîh ^litGa euirGiusir.
jbTLD GuiTiêorrLDfT ?
^niB a56bQ2ff/P@u Gu(r<a60(rLD(i ?
jBTLO ûuas asbg2ffiP(gu
Cij/T60fru)(r ?
(i) Q.: /B/rsBT etiifsoninu ?
A : eu/rmia.
(ii) Q: ^rrin aebîPsû Quiraeortuît ?
A : aiP, ^/ru) ffisbg2ff/PiS@u (Lj(r<s60/ni),
(iii) Q: 0mis QaêfT&Stuirin ^(QA^rSmaetrn ?
(i) 0 Q%n6m( suir.
Substitute
eunr
Qua
(ii) 0ma eurriiia.
verb suitably.
(ola5nr6WT(5 enir
QUIT
(iii) ibirm Quirseorrih.
Substitute
0mi&
(iv) /BTsir sii/reo/rtDiT ?
suitably.
Qua
a-csa/r
0 Qansm(S eim.
0 eun, \
jS Qun.
iS
0mia euniiim.
0i5ja QutTiiis.
tbiTiD GuiraeoiTLb.
rbirmia Quir&eomh-
rtirem Qurrmeomh.
0 Qun&ecrtih,
jSiiia Guiraeouih.
^ffussT QuiraeoiTLD.
êu Quiraeomh.
^61/(5 QurT&eorrth.
c9/suraja Gu/rasOfTtn.
Quiraeomh.
FIITSIR euijeoiTUirT^
fbiim QuiraeoiTLDiT ?
ffiiresr QsiremQ Gvi;reciTLDir ?
Lesson 24 1 225
(v) fi!t\,sA>(^^&^QunseO!fih.
Substitute
(i) $ QafTsnsr suir.
$ euiT.
0 QUIT.
(ii) 0 (o\miTm(Qeu!T.
0 euir.
0 QUIT.
0
fiiriD ^ Q 0 s i ^ QutraeoiTth.
fiiTUi 6i7L.(P(K@tj QuirseoiTtb.
fiirm uefr eTf<sA>. t_j S^< ( î j
Gunseonth.
0 QsnemQ euirQium,
0 euuQtum.
0 QuirQtuaiT.
0 @ti}.Guj6sr.
0mis evirmia.
0mia Quaiiia.
0mia ^tn-iiia.
EXERCISES
Fill in the blanks using the cues given in parentheses as in the model given
below.
Model : 0 (bring)
0 (S\anm(a)ir.
(i) (sit)
(ii) - (go)
(iii)
iS
(iv)
IS
(drink)
(v)
iff
(vi)
IS
(vii)
(viii) ...;B/ru) GufTseoaih. (alright)
h. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the correct pronouns
required.
( i ) .sii/rm/6B.
(ii) GuitaeoiTtb.
(iii) QsiremQ euir.
(iv) ^gi^Cuj^.
2261 An Iniensive Course in Tamil
i. Match the following.
euiT
QUIRASOITIH
JBLTLD
QAIREMRQEVITQUJEIR
j. Fill in the blanks with the suitable case forms of the nouns given in paren-
theses.
(i) eT6BT wQesTffS' ^'S. (f)
(ii) ^su (lu(rfr<#(PujjriT @(i5@(2y(5.(6bgifr(P)
(iii) erasTAi^ QîPtqih. (ftfiH^^)
(iv) jffEias. @iq.mji5. (aTL?)
(v) ^/rin GuirasoiTth. (asbîf)
k. Transform the following as in the models given below.
Model: 0 ainSi QairemQ SUIT.
0mia afTL? QarremQ euirmis.
(i) 0 euiT.
(ii) /ff a/riJQuja (gKj. .
(iii) 0 a_ffiiB(r(5.
(iv) 0 Gurr.
Model : 0 su/r.
0 eunGujesT.
(i) 0 sins' QairemQ suir.
(ii) 0 GuiT.
(iii) 0 OLf..
Model : 0 evir.
0 CiJijeoiTih.
(i) 0 siTiS Q&iT6m(SeiJir. ,
(ii) 0 a_66an-(5.
(iii)-;f Guir.
Model: fbtrm sxijrcoirii).
jBT65r sugreo/rtnn- ?
(i) fiitia Guuaeoirih. ' ; .
(ii) fiiTLD Q&iremQ suysD/rm.
(iii) fiiteir a_iS6aT(r60ffuJ.
1. Frame sentences from the tables given below.
Example ; îrtn aa^îPAû Quiraeoirth.
Lesson 24/ 227
GuiraeoiTih
Example ; 0 suir
6UIT
QUIT
iff
m. Join the follov/ing according to the sandhi rules,
(i) (SUIT + erjssr : (ii) aebgWfP +
'60
Gun + sj(m :
@Uf- + ejeir :
(iii) a/TiJ +6T :
asbgj/rrP + er ; .
n. Answer these questions.
(i) (Tff^/r uj(r(5 ?
(ii) (!pfrjS<i erfiBrarrsuiT @a@(2J(5 ?
(iii) aineo/r (tpir^^CJaj/rQi- inQewflJujnr ?
(iv) (ipu^0 sT/BiGa GuijnfiifujijiT ^c5*@!2?(5 ^
(v) ti?sroi_/f (tp/fjSj^Sluja ainsOfTsi/a^ QjSfPiL/iniT ?
(vi) a^^!7ii) QaenASuJUiH ^t3^&^ffir ?
VOCABULARY
'an exclamation
euir
'come'
showing surprise'
a_aan'(5 'sic'
QffêrrASiuLDn ?
'how are you ?
QafTQfftb 'for a while' 'what is the
matter ?
*rP alright' au 'cup'
'coffee' Qair6Strr(êu(r bring'
Gurr go'
drink'
'then, afterwards'
GRAMMAR
4. 24. 83. Sentences like 0 QsnsmQsiin 'you bring', 0 SUIT 'you come' etc.,
are called imperatives. Every imperative sentence has a predicate, but may or
may not have a subject. That is, the subject is understood by the following
imperative verb. This verb has no tensa marker. Almost all the verbal roots
can have the function of imperative in the second person non-honorific singular
0 'you'. There is no explicit marker to indicate imperative in this type of
sentences. Example:
4. 24. 83. 0 OairemQeiJiT.
jS eurr.
4. 24. 84. The second person plural/singular honorific , imperative is formed
by adding the suffix-(BJ* to the stemof a verb. Example^
4. 24. 84. 0iiiai Qsir6m(SeiirT!iia.
0iiia evrrmia.
4. 24. 85. -ejek is the particle which is used in the sense that the choice is
left to the hearer to perform the action. Example :
4. 24. 85. 0 QarremQ eunQiueir.
4. 24. 86. -eomh is a kind of imperative marker which is used in the sense of
granting permission to the hearer to carry out the action. As against the impe-
rative mark;rs, this is immediately suffixed to the infinitive form of a verb.
This can cooccur with any noun or pronoun. They do not either agree in
number or in gender. Example :
4. 24. 86. jbtresr euiêoirmir ?
0rBim euifeoirih.
4. 24. 87.The verbs such as eurr 'come' and QUIT 'go' are that which always
select a case in which the noun denotes 'location'. The noun and the case
marker in the following sentences express the meaning of direction.
4. 24. 87. jBiTLD 6B6bg2ff'Pa@Lj Cvuirseoirih.
jbHLD aeb&îPiû CSuiraeoiTLDrr ?
The sentences in 4.24.87 are otherwise called hortatory imperatives. In this,
the imperative marker -eoirih is suffixed to the infinitive formof a verb in the
first person inclusive plural.
Gurr 'go' and eu/r 'come' are irregular verbs. The infinitive forms for these
verbs respectively are Guaa and ajjr,
4-24.88. means 'alright'. See the usage of this formin the following
example.
1
, Lesson 24 j 229
4. 24. 88. fiiTin assbgj/TfPaîJ QuiraeorTLDtT ?
ff/P (jbTiD ffisb@j/rfP<5@u GuiT&eoiTw.)
The affirmative is given in parentheses because it is redundant when *fP
'alright' is used.
4.24.89. c9/tJq(DLb 'then, afterwards etc.,' is a sentence adverb. Example:
4. 24. 89. ÛL/pjin, ffimD Guiraeoirih.
Sandhi ;
(Refer S. 19 in 2.14)
(nf -f-GsUi-^?Ll(S"^^su (Refer .S. lb in 2.13)
ffi6b@2ff(P + ^Gso V si)gj/7fPui'C60 (Refer S. 8 in 1.5)
^/B^ + assi^gz/rf * ^(Bg)iS6bgj/rfP (Refer S. 4 in 1.2)
a5st)g2/r'P@ + Gun&eoniD(T > 6B6t)Q2/r'f'(S6@tJ CuirafiUirirKr ?
(Refer S. 18 in 2.14)
aaUiSQtu + &in3Qujm i gi q-fSi a (Refer S. 20 in 2.17)
UNIT 4
LESSON 25
BUYING A BUS TICKET
DIALOGUE
Conductor sir! I want a ticket to
Virudliunagar... Is there (any) bus
now (to Virudhunagar) ?
Yes, sir... Shall (I) give ticket ?
Please give. Please give me one half
ticket too.
QarrQiiia.
Please give six rupees and fifty
paise.
Lesson 25 / 231
<tpn^0 : 6T65r<fiL.<olL_a= SA>6oQpo
Ljfr((5fB;.
Stli uesmih ?
if (EJ GsUffitDir CUSBBTU). -
uiiGso sjgyiBia.
a6iraTi_<5L_(f : ei/esitriq. /Btburr IT^0
c^gj;....iq;sin!rsiiif .'
ClaemiiLJso/TiDiT ?
ii).S!(rsiJff ; <?iP, QaefTihueoiTih.
DRILLS.
a. Variation drill
4. 25. 90.
I do not have change... Shall (I) give
a ten rupee note ?
Alright, give (it) sir... Please take
the ticket. Please check (the ticket).
(It is) correct... (How about) the
balance?
(I) do not have change... Let passen-
gers come. Please get into the bus
quickly. '
(What is the) number of the bus. ?
The number of the bus is one hundred
and six... Driver ! shall (we) start ?
Yes, (we) shall start.
4. 25. 91.
4. 25. 92.
4. 25. 93.
jBTSsr <ol<gsirLLm(r ?
jBTOT' iS!rL.tnT ?
uiTSTO^^ffifsn; 6iJ!rilih.
uneKXQîreid eurnLQiciiT ?
L/nrsroiejiy/rsfo ejpCQmir ?
UTGTDigtfirciO ejgjiLQth.
0mis eT65r@ sp uj-aSlaiL ^siriBia.
Giismuf-uSGeo erguiH/as.
b. Build up drill
(i) IBirSBT (o)(SBir<B6BllLDir ?
QirailUMr ?
/BITOT Clc/riliD/r 7
/BifOT Q<xrr<saL.u3ir ?
232 I An Intensive Cowse in Tamil
(ii) jiT6irO(^ff(f6fo 6Li(ril(5ii3.
(iii) /f/E(i5 eT65riSG(g 6^(5 iq.QLL
(iv) lj;5/d5 l/8STûi'(56D GJ^KiS>.
SUiTL-lS'li)
;SmJi95 ST6!iT(g 6^(5 1X)-<S(O1L1
c. Expansion drill
(i) ^(TSBT (ol<S5(r(9Ll(5lJ3rT ?
(ii) un&0f^9riesc ^ J D L L ^ L D .
aj6!(i(Tlr)-(ii'C60 67(DL.(9ib.
(iii) ;ffi6/iS ^gj;(E/<36.
uiTsrt)(g5a=(i6fo ^{DL-tX).
(5(65 e}^md-
Geu&LDfr siiemu).u3Qso
(i) Q: UjSg; ((juffuJ^^tLOic/T ?
A : fffP, Gl(r(5mj.
(ii) Q: susiOTuj. fithuir sreBTSBT ?
A : euemiii. ibthuir 11^^
(iii) Q; iq.6in!rsu(f / OacrrLoustwrinT ?
.A : */P, GlafirriiusOfrui.
(i) ibirm G1(rsilu3ff ?
verb suitably.
UITIT
(ii) jBTsir ^!ril(5iriii ?
Substitute '
SUIT
QUIT
(iii) u/reU(î9=(fisnJ 6u?tlii)^
Substitute
(iv) ij/rsTU(^ffTsfo su[rLLu).
suitably.
Glairsror^sunr
QUIT
(v) ^n-u) QsemhueoiT.ih.
suitably.
euiT
QaaemQsuir / -
Lesson 25 / 233
/ BfTSBT @li).llU)(r ?
/B/Tsir ja!rtliD/r ?
;BT65r Cunr<s5LLUDT ?
fiiTsir QarremQ nj!riltofr ?
/BT6sr a_<SBa5(r{rLLtDir ?
c9/SU filJ(rLlll.
c9/fflj(5 6U!rilU).
@su(5 6ii!rL.u).
c9(6ii(5iaB svj[rL.i)*
^surnia 6i/7ilii).
tS/gi Sl/[rL.tl.
6U(J-llLb.
uiretOiâ'iTero jS(rLl-u).
u(r6T0(gffrrT0 Q<sBfr6OTraj(rLLu).
. UTTO(^ff(fsnj GuireuLQih.
uiTstOigjffifsTO 2i_<s5(5B/r!rLlu).
u/rTO(^ff(fsro ^J D L. U > .
/Brrii) Qsemiiuaxni).
/BTUJ SUiTSO/rii).
jstru) Qair6iKfTeu{r6i)(r(2).
firriD ejioeorrib-
/f m/ susBBTaj.ui'GfiO ejg)imim.
jf mjas euemtq-uSGeo UT^mja.
0(BliB 6uemtq.ll9G60 2_6Bff(5/5J,
^/Bi euemuf-uSGeo euirmis.
^liia euemin-uSGeo Quirriia.
jfraffi su655ru).u5'CBSD (O)(T6II5T-
euirmia.
uireivisâiTeh) eutriLQwir ?
urreroiâirek) eirptLQUiiT ?
EXERCISES
g. Fill in "the blanks using the cues given in parentheses as in the model given
below.
Model : ^ (give)
(i) /f (give)
(ii) /f (check)
(iii) 0 (get into)
(iv) ^ . . . . . . . A (start)
(v) fiihuiT fr^0 (bus, vehicle)
(vi) eresT SLLQL- ^sbGlso. (change)
(vii) if/EJ +^ ejîiim. (quickness)
(viii) jSmia... smutffr QaiT($mis. (fifty) ^
(ix) suetranq. /binufr (one hundred and six)
h. Fill in the blanks with the correct pronouns required.
(i) .Q&efTihueoiTih.
(ii) u/r(5(6i<S5.
(iii) QanQAmL-Qinir ?
(iv) 6!r(DL-ii.
i. Fill in the blanks with the suitable case forms of the nouns/pronouns
given in parentheses.
(i) gxiT) UÂQ&IL (Seuîh. (ffitrm)
(ii) .....#6b6D(ol{D ÔDQeo. (fBirsJr)
(iii) sSmta- .....i^gi;m;a. (euemtn.)
(vi) euemin-uêo ejîiia.
Substitute
GuiTiiia - ' '
(i) unefOtâ^neK) euijL-(Qih.
Lj(r6rO(ff5ff/fsro (o16Tni)ULL(5in'
Lesson 25 1 235
(iv) ^mja .i..2_a5/r(5mj. (stSiL) '
(v) ^/Eja ..tq.ffi(o)il ^niiia. (ibiTGsr)
(vi) jfmia sS/ujugj etnuîr (olffiT(5mj<S6. (fBireir)
j. . Match the following. '
(ol(r(5aLL(5m.T
k. Transfonp the following as in the models given below.
. Model: urrerotâîek) eui^CQih.
(i) êuesT @a).<SBL-(5ti>.
(ii) 55/6vi6ir suiTtlîi. '
(iii) uiTefOi^s=rrek) ejpt-Qih.
Model : ^mia euemuâSGeo sjpiiiis.
(i) ^liia euemisû3Qeo urr(jf)mia.
(ii) ff mi 6i/6Bin-U).(151(360 at-aairîEia.
1. Frame sentences from the tables given belojv.
Example
fbtrin
S
Example : 6T63r .#6b6oQ{D êbOso.
^/r6ST
#6b6oQ3) ^6bQt)''
236 I. An Intensive Course in Tamil
Example : friis. aebgMfPa eunmm.
SUN
QUN
Example : ^LIIA EUEMUÛ3Q60 EJN^TIIA.
Example : jSmia erajra^^ ûiiia.
rblTSST
m. Answer these qaestions.
(i ) sT^Ôssr i!nrfi@tj uefu ^(f5<B(gg/ ?
(ii) (ipn^Â@ ^(5 ^Qi; Uf-AQaiLQih Qsu^Lmr 7
(iii) UJIT(IIF)SLL.QIS ÊIEOQP ÊOQEO ?
(iv) EUEIMU^ FFIIHUIR ereBrew ?
(v) (ip(fjS^(g 6T65T6IST G6U@)itjb ?
(vi) gpff^jS^îlQi er^^Glew u(ruJ ?
(vii) a_fE/ig[5@ (y3(ip tq-aGlasil Qeu^wir ?
(viii) i _fE/ @{pjB(oljs@ ^Qif Uf-AQaiL Quirûon ?
(ix) gL.mja^L-(oli_ ûuS fiebeoQro ^(5@^/r ?
VOCABULARY
'conductor' 'ticket'
usfo 'bus' 'give'
'half ticket' 'give'
fifty' 'change'
'currency' jfP 'correct'
'check' 'balance'
'passangers' 'quickness
'bus, vehicle' 'get into'
'one hundred and 'driver'
six (106)'
'start'
GRAMMAR
Lesson 25 / 237
1.25.90. The suffix -Cîh is used as a kind of imperative marker. It is added
to the infinitives like the suffix -eonth (Refer 4.24.86) and signifies permission
to perform the action indicated by the verb as in the following examples.
eujr LL(5tn = eut^CQib 'let (someone) come'
iSB(r Lltn = ^trL-(5in 'let (someone) give'
67(D CQih = sj!piL(Qih 'let (some one) get into'
(o1/r<B L_(5in = (ol<5B/r(565L_(Siti 'let (someone) give' etc.
This form of imperative is called permissive imperative. This is common to
all numbers and genders. But it cooccurs only with the first and third persons.
In the first person it always occurs inthe form of yes-no questions. Example :
4. 25. 90. /BiTssr (ol<B/r<g5Ll(5t>/r ?
The verb root îr 'give' has ^(r as its infinitive form.
4.25.91. ' In the third person, the permissive imperative occurs in the forms
of affirmative and yes-no question. Example:
4. 25. 91. urreiViâiiek) eutjiLQih.
uirerotâiiek) ejioiLQwir ?
Tamil verbs are divided on the basis of their form into two main classes
namely strong verbs and weak verbs. The strong verbs take-ajg whenever
they are inflected for various grammatical categories in the domain of verb
phrase. On the contrary, various grammatical markers are immediately added
to the weak verb stems. See the following examples :
Weak verbs Strong verbs
6ii!rLL(5iirr ? (gq-<35il(5tn(r ?
6jiDL-(BuîT ? urrirmaL-QwiT ?
îjCCûaiT 7 (ola5(rtl(5iDir ?
We shall see the distinction between strong and weak verbs in greater detail
in Unit 5.
4.25.92. Consider the following sentences. ^
4. 25. 92. jSmia eresra ep Uf.AQaiL îrmia.'
The verbs like îr 'give, Gla/r 'give' etc., always select two cases in order
namely indirect and direct objects. The indirect object is expressed by any
noun and the case marker -A<Q or -c9/<5ig or uÂQaC 'ticket' is the
direct object. Here the objective marker -sr is not marked explicitly.
4.2S.93, The verbs like (7gj( 'get into', a_ffiir(i5 'sit' etc., will obligatorily
select the locative case that is expressed by a noun and the case marker -Qeo
or ~^Qeo orffl_C80. Example:
4. 25. 93. GiJsmuû3Qeo sjgyKia.
Sandhi 22. The consonants , jg, and'ij are always doubled after the case
suffix SCQi (locative of possession). Example :
fffP + c%-*(Puj (r
evemiq. + ^Qeo i>-6>jemiq.id>Geo (Refer S. 8 in 1.5)
+ uemih > iBûuemth (Refer S. 4 in 1.2)
I.
UNIT 4
LESSON 26
BOARDING THE BUS
DIALOGUE
fipnjb^ : seorr, SUIT; JBTU) susmuf.-
uJ'CSfiU sjpsoiTih.
aeon : îltun ! ^/BjS eiiemu^
jbihuif eT&rresr ?
(ifiiT^^ : ^^BjS 6usiraTi4. jbihuir
<60fr :ûuiT, jbiTon- c5//B<a gJiTiS-
j G o SL-saiTijL-QiniT 7
(tpn^^ ;. Gsu6iwri_(Tii). c9/jB}S ?7iS-
g j Ce o a_<sB/r(rCjS""
^^jS eiSCGso a_<B<B/r(5.
^^ÎTUUIT ! ^^û
QuiT6m^)iaÂ
QaiTl^flh STlLD
Qa/ TL- LJU T.
Kala, come on ; we shall get into the
bus.
Daddy! what is the number of this
bus?
The number of this bus is one hund-
red and six... Get into- (the bus)
slowly, dear.
Daddy! shall I sit in that corner ?
No. Do not sit in that comer... Sit
on this seat. Look Mr 1 (please) give
some space to that girl.
aeon : ûun I eraerOLS'iên:
Gvemiif.inn, Qeonaaeon ?
Daddy ! Is this an express bus or a
local?
(y3/f<5i : erasfOLJtrcfo euemiq.. This is an express bus.
aemiain ; eruir/r,
(OIJTLLL-T ?....uGroG.fiO
âSlfTu. iSiq.aan0mis.
gp(T<a<S ; fffPujiJufr.
Sir, is that (you are smoking)
cigarette? Don't smoke in the bus.
Alright, (conductor).
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
4. 26. 94. ^ Qsni-uun.
/g Qaniihinn.
0 6jp}ihinn.
/5 ejpuun.
4. 26. 95. $ SL-aani^nQ^.
jf ^sQifiL LS>in.aan(S^.
4. 26. 96. jSiiia ^sQt;iL iSis^.aiainîiis.
0isia QanQAan^mia.
0im& ej00mia.
b. Build up drill
(i) jff <Sl65(rt_uufi.
Qaniuun
(ii) 0 67{Di)tX3(r.
67{Diiin/r
iff
(iii) /ff ffi_<sB/r(r(rG^.
(iv) /gf5r <#a(o1(rL- i î q-aanr ^fB/ffi .
iSuf-Asnîiia.
0 QaniuuiT.
Qaniuun
0 Qaniuun.
0 expihion.
6jpibtx>n
jS si-AanijnCSif
Ssanfnd^
0mia SaQi^C tSm-Aanîiis.
iS'iif.aanîiis.
âGl j TLL iûÂan^miai
c. Expansion drill
(i ) 0 ejpaihmiT.
euemiq.u3Gso ejpihLnir
6Ti _i i ) Oarriuun
(iii) jS S-AaiTijiTQ^.
(iv) ^liia fiaQifiL L?q.ai r^/5/.
Lesson 26 / 241
QaiTiuuiT.
(ol/ri_tJLj/r.
mj LieruGeo âSliril iS'uf.a&n-
(i) Q ^tliuiT, ^/BjS euaaJTiij. /Btiu^ srmesr ?
/BTSsr cSZ/BiS. ^(r^g/Gso s_<5<5B(r(rLL(5'LDfr ?
GeuemiiTih. ^/B^ snyLLGso S2_c5BiSB/r{/5.
erasrOLS'irsro 6ui5in-ii).uj(r ? GsorraaESOn^ ?
er&eiOLS'êk) euemti^-
e. Substitutioh drill
^ QsiTLÛUIT.
change the
(ii) Q
A
(iii) Q
A
(iv) Q
A
(i) jS Q&iTiuuiT.
Substitute and
verb suitably.
OJIT
a_i35fr(5
(ii) ejpihiciT.
suitably.
/ff eVITUUIT.
242 I An Intensive Cmxrse in Tamil
Qun
(iii) $ ejijTjQ^
suitably.
Si-a&n(!^
eun
QsnQ
fin
(iv) fiaQi^L- iS'uâan^mia.
suitably.
SL-Amna^
Gvn
Gun
fin
(v) jinesT îTjSg/CSso a_65/r-
ijL-Qmn ?
Substitute
euemuf.a3Gso
ueioGeo
(i) jff QairQ.
^ a_65<35n'(5.
$ Gun.
(ii) $ Gun.
$ a_6S6ST(5.
$ Q&n(S.
(iii) ^ SL.A&nt!f)'
$ Gl6Bnr.
1$ Gu/r.
QsnmrQ enniLmn.
0 SJIjTjGfi.
^ S-saiTi;nGfi.
0 eui;nGfi.
jf Q65rr6B65/TC5^.
fii;nGfi.
0 âQijC i3iâanGfi.
jEmsa a_65(S5/r!r(r^(Bj.
^liia QanQAaiT^mia.
^liia Gunanîiia.
jff(Ei6s fiijnîisa-
^nesr @iffiiGeo S-saniîLQuin ?
/B/rsir eusmi^.uS'Geo 2i_<B65fr(riltD(T?
finm ueioGeo Si_<566fftrL.")f ?
Qaniihixin.
0 a_656B/r!ruiLorr.
67pLbu)(r.
0 Gunihion.
iS Gunuun.
/f ejgouun.
0 s-aani;uuir.
$ Qsniûun.
jS &-Aani;nGfi.
0 6j(rrjGfi.
0 QanQAanGfi.
$ GunmGfi.
Lesson 26 / 243
(iv) 0m& Gumiia. fimis Guirairîiia.
0iiia sj^riia. 0KIS eji!ij0msa.
$Ksa QmiT(Smia. 0mis QaiT(SAaiT0mia.
0mia SL.aaiT(!f,iiia. jSiiia sâ&ntfn^ma.
EXERCISES
below.
Model: 0 (smoke)
(i) $ ., ejpihmtT. (slowly)
(ii) /BnrsBT SJ-ffiaTjrtlS'in/T ? (in the corner)
h. Match the following.
0
e^loeoiTih
{birin
S-AsnijirG^
iff
SaQ^L- LSuf-AaiT^mia
0riis QmiTL-UUtT
1
i. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the correct pronouns
required.
(i) eurr.
(ii) ejpeoniii.
(iii) _(rfril(5ixirr ?
(iv) a_a5ff!r(r(J<a>
(v) QaiTL-uurr.
(vi) .âGljrLl iûif-aairîiia.
j. Fill in the blanks with the suitable case forms of the nouns given in paren-
theses.
(i) 0 ..ejiDihtun, (suemtq.)
(ii) ibirm- >_6BT(nl(5n/T 7 (ga^th)
(iii) jBTin ejioeoiTth. (fiusnirK)-)
(iv) 59/;BJS eTi_ti) Q&ITIUUIT. (Quirem^)
(v) jSiiia fiaQiTL. iSiq.Aairîiia' (ueio)
k. Transform the following as in the models given below.
Model: 0 QairQ.
0 QatrLmUuiT.
0) 0 6Jg)l.
(ii) 0 sviiT.
(iii) 0 fiiT.
Modet: 0 SUIT.
0 suiTiLmiT.
(i) 0 QaiTsmôuiT.
(ii) 0 ffl_ffinr(5.
(iii) 0 QUIT.
(iv) 0 QaeiTthLf.
Model : 0 QSITQ,
(i) 0 euiT.
(ii) fiir.
(iii) iS QUIT.
(iv) 0 QarremQsun,
Model: 0mia su/rts/a.
( i ) 0iiia a-AaiT(rf,iiia.
(ii) 0iiia errgjifBiffi.
(iii) jEiiia Gurriiia.
1. Join the following according to the sandhi rules.
m. Answer these questions,
(i) Sip>fi euemtn. jbihuii ereiresT ?
( i i ) ^fifiu Qurrem^ Guc5 sreirsm- ?
( i i i ) cSyg; erasfo/i'iren) ajemut.iuiT ?
(iv) Ceo/raaso/r ?
Qa/T(5aa(rCj5.
(i) QanQ + ^trun/r ; ...
+ ûurr : .......
a_aa(rc5 -f- ÎLLDIT S
(iii) si/esin-U}.' + ^Geo :
a6bg2/rfP + ^Geo :
(ii) ^jrii + 60 :
6Ti_ii) + Go) :
VOCABULARY
QiDgieuiT
erasiOLSireft;
'express'
'cigarette'
'slowly'
'seat*
q^jfi}Geo 'in the corner'
6Ti_LQ 'space, seat'
Cfo/raasfa 'local'
iâfSliTu. iJtq, 'smoke'
Lesson 26 / 245
GRAMMAR
4.26.94. The forms such as -ûuir and -îbwr are very commonly added
to the imperative verbs to denote that the speaker shows deference, respect and
affection to the hearer. They indicate male and female respectively. Example:
4. 26. 94. 0 QsiTL-uun.
ejioihwa.
ôte that the final a_ in the verb roots like Qasir 'give', ^gy' 'get into' etc.,
is elided when the forms -ûuir and -îbinir are added to them. Example:
Qaa(^ + îliuiT > Qsiri-uuiT.' /
ejffi + îhmiT êjpihuiiT.
-uuiT and -ihwiT are the corresponding variants of -ûurr and -\îhwiT
(Refer 1; 7. Notes). They normally occur with the verbs like euir 'come'.
GUT'go'etc. Example: su/rtnin/r, Gu/tinin/r etc.
4.26.95. The negative form of the imperative is indicated by the negative
marker - d ^j S It is immediately added to the verb roots and followed by
. the imperative markers, -ej denotes singular imperative. Example:
4. 26. 95. [E s2_(r!r/rGj8.
4.26.96. -fF(BJ is the plural/singular honorific imperative marker
which is added after the negative marker - ^ } S - Example:
4. 26. 96. 0mia âQiriL LS'uâauTîiia.
0iiis QairQaaiT^mis.
Like -liis the suffix"FFiiia is also realized as -mmiasir before the
particle -ejaiT. Example:
4.26.96. iffnua Qair(SsBrr0miaGffiTm
Sandhi : gxrii) +QeO î^giGeo (Refer S. 1 7 in 2. 1 3)
^fi^ +Quirem^ > ^fiftu Quirsmr^ (Refer S. 4 in 1.2)
euemiq. + ^Geo eusariûSGeo ^
*(f +tSluuiT * ffiPiuuuiT (Refer S. 8 in 1.5)
UNIT 5
LESSON 27
GOING TO THE MARKET
DIALOGUE
(tp/fjS}i ; euemaatb, aoirif.
SrQiê^ : euessraath. eriiiQa
ffTiiiGa GuiT[ffima ?
GunGpesT--- 0iiim
eriiiGsu3(rf)^! eugSiiia ?
Vanakkam, sir.
Vanakkam, Where (are you) going ?
(I am) going to the market... Where
are you going ?
I am going to the bazaar... Where
are you coming from ?... (Are you)
coming from the house ?
@sb(o)6D. jbirm LDiriiA-
6iiC(Dw..../fmj jSssTfffP
êbQso... .Gu!r(ri'(Puj(5
êbQeo, jBireir assrssfiuT-
@iifP<S(gL/ (SuiraQeo.
' ; Lesson 27 ] 247
Yes. Are you also coining ..tb the
market?
No. lamcoming from the market
only... Are you going to the market
daily?
No... Is Professor Sundairam leaving
for Kanyakumari tomorrow?
I do not know. .
Are you not going to Kanyakumari ?
Nb, I am not going to Kanyakumari.
Shall I take leave (of you) ?
(Please) do.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
5. 27. 97. pnek GuirQroeir.
5. 27. 98. ^BfTSBT m(r(f(o1LLiS'@u Gu/rCfDsir.
/fffB/ ffTfE/Ga Quirnffiiis ?
jBTssr iB;r(r6B(olu-(gu GuffasQeo.
5. 27. 99, / BfTSBT e3iLG60uSi(^fi^ suGpssr.,
/ff(Bi ffT/B;G<5Stt5'(5;B^ eu^mis 7
GuifirSîUHT) iD(T(T(o)LlG60iii'[5jBgj Qpuu(inj(!^.
b. Build up drill
(i) / BfTSBT Gu/rOpsBr.
GufTGpSBT
fiiresT
7VM
/B/rsBT Gu/rCpssT.
Cu;rG|DSBr
1i481 An Intensive Course in Tamil
( i i ) 0isia eugSiâ-
( i i i ) ^sv(rr, LigjuuQaijaf,.
(iv) jB/76Br LDirifaQaL-Oci^Li
Gu/rGjDsir
jblTOn
(v) /BffsJr eiftl^GsouLyjg/Bg/
suGjDsir.
suGpeir
61?Ll(gGsUlL?(5/BgJ '
(vi) / BfTSST icfriT(oltl(5(gu
GuTaQso.
GurraGlso
icfrfTatolailOao
(vfV) ;g(Bj ermjGa Gu(rji?/Ej ?
sTfSjGa GufffiffEia ?
jffBja
Ivi'ti) (gfBJa STfB/ teiLJcffi/Bgj 6i/(if nsja?
STmiGiii'(5;6^ avrSiiia 7
C. Expansion drill
(i) ibiresT GufrGpsir.
aGlL_6i?j!8'a(SLj Gu/rGjD65r.
(ii) fBjs GuiTiSmisenrT ?
asrr/r 7
êsraîf GunrSiâeirn 7
0mia eujîiia.
jBirsir ui/r(t<BQil(565@u GufrGpsir.
GuirGjueir
jbirm L0friT(olaL.(5<B(gu Gi-JTG(D65r.
/BTssr sifil(5iG60ui'(5;B^ suGpsir.
ciiGjD6sr
s>?LL(5G60ui'(5;Bgj suGfoair.
/BTfiir u)nrff(olLL(5@u GU/TQ60.
Gun-aGlso
/Bfr6sr Lo/r(T<96(olLl(giJ Gu/raGlsu.
(f STfEjGa GufrpS'mjffl ? \
ermjGa Gutrrffmia 7
rSiiimeriiiGa Quirrffdia 7
0ima ^liiQauScrTj^g^ eurffiiia, 7
ffTmjGui'(5jBgj si/ftymja 7
0iiia sTmjGii5'(5;Bgj evrSriia 7
rbnm GuirQpesT.
/gniiffi GufTflJiBjaOTT ?
aerriT 7
GuiT{ffmiaeiTir ?
Lesson 27 / 249
(iii) jbirm QuiraQeo.
aesresPiun^mifaiQU
(SuiroiQeo.
(iv) 0iBia eurffmimemr ?
jBireer CSuiraQeo.
jbtresr aarresftuirîniPafû
QuiraQeo.
0mia etirSrstaerrir ?
(Aiijftiiserrir ?
(i) Q: ejfsjGa dunnSihia,'.'
A : LnnAs,Q9>L...@i(g,u GurrGjpeisr.
(ii) Q; fiwiAiQifih mmAQs>iL(â(gf eu^mimrrir ?
.\ ; ^sisQsD, (biTiii LDirnAQaL-QGeou3!r^p)^îreiir euGpeer.
(ill) Q; jEriia îwaiP LCimfAQaC.(Qaû GurrpîiiaerriT. ?
A : ^soQeu.
\
(iv) Q : fgfBJffi dsssrsuPuj/riginiPaBOLi GuiraQsoiun ?
A ; êoQeo. ^>nm amesPiuirûiiPAi^Li GuiraQeo.
(v) Q: fB^!7Lb rbirQerrAÂ ssr6BPuj/r@inrf'6s@tJ
A: eresrAi^^ QîPiu/rg/.
(i) (B/Tsar Gu/rG(D6sr.
verb accordingly.
rSriia
(ii) rbrreir GurrGpeir.
Substitute and conjugate
suitably.
eiirr
^rr
(o)arrem(SevrT
7gM
Qaerrihi-i
(iii) 0riia eupSriia.
suitably
Gun
firrm GurrGpm.
0mis GurTjffriis.
c9/U(5 GurT,!tf(rf,.
firreir GurrGro^.
rbrrm euGpair.
jbrreir f^Gpair.
rbrreir QarremQeuGpeir.
jbrreir a_iSiS(r(5G(D5r.
jbrreir ejpiGpeir.
jbrrasT QasrrihL\Gpeir.
finm LfpuulSGpeir.
$riis eujffriia ?
fimis GuiTfSriie
I2_<x<zn'(fi)
(olacmoL/
(iv) ^611(5 4jDuu((y((5.
Substituie and conjugate
suitably.
6i//r
Qffi/rss5T6i!/r '
Glaerrmq
(v) /BirsBT i)/rffffiQa5il<B@iJ
Gu/rGpsOT.
Substitute
(vi) /B/rsBT 6vftlG60it5'(5/BgJ
Substitute
Qi_6ifjSn5'G6Du5'(5;Bg/
d56bg2/r ff u5>Geuu5'($;B ^
iJ6irfiif(i.i_<sg/Gs3a5'(5/Bgi
gUDT sfO L_b 3 SOX? (5/Bg/
(i) flSfTssr mfr(iQi35Ll@u
GunGfDfflir.
fBH' saT 6iJil@tJ Gu/rGp3S0T.
0mia jZfif/E/iSB.
^611(5 C U T .
^6U(i5 (ola/T6i(T6ii(27([5.
/Birssr m/r/f<B(olaLl@u GU TGJD SBT.
jbrreir Qi_6i?^<SBigu GufrGpsir.
/B/reir 6i9'L.(giJ GuirGpssr.
CuirGpcir.
jBTSJr asogz/rfPaigLJ QuirQpdt.
suGpssTi
euQfossT.
ffiiTssr usifr6irPaah.i_^giG0U-f(5/BJ
suG(D6Jr.
/BTsir sia)fr6T0L_6bG60ii5'c5/B^
6iiGp36sr.
0mia erm/Ga Gu/Tpjmja ?
jf flua sTfsjGa Gu(rp?m/c55 ?
0mia ernuGa euiffiiis ?
Lesson 27 / 251
{bireir ffffLL(Â^ euGriieir.
/BITOT aQiêS^mû qpu-
U(5C/D6BT.
(ii) /BTSST LD(T/r(olatl(5CJ60ui'(5/Bg;
GuirQpssr.
/Bireir 65(olf_6)S'<iLS'Csoii5i(5/BgJ
suGpeir.
fBTSBT <B6ST6sPaj/r(Sm(fl(i5'G60-
1-;|DUU(5G|D6ST.
(iii) / BfTSST ffl?LL(5(gu GufrGiDSJT.
/B/r6BT aGliSiyâ^ suGrDsir.
/ BfTSST a6ST6sfuJB-@lllf(gJ-
L/pJUGp6Br.
(iv) /B(T65T 60T65Puj(r@U>/flll5'GsU-
ufcj/BgJ q/Di-;uG{D6ir.
/BiTSsr <oli_siS'iguj'Gotd'(f5jBgJ
6uG/D65T.
/B/reir siS'L.^GsOULi'cg/Bg/
QuirGpeir.
fiiiia sTiiiGseurffmia ?
0mia 6T(BiG q(puiJ(9|iS'[Ki, ?
/fffE/a 6Tm/Gui'(5/Bgj Guirîiisi ?
0mis sTfaGa[t?(5/B^ su/rfm/dB ?
rff(Bi STrejGui'(i5/Bgj 4(piJu(5-
/BTSJr sifLL(5(gtJ QurraClso,
/B/T6ST <SB(oll_6lfj<B|g6U!r<o)U.
JB/reoT a6sr5Pu-"T@LD/fi<SB@iJ qjDU-
UL-QSD.
/ BfTSBT <S5SBT6Bfuj/r@LDrPa5'G6Uu5'(5/B^
a6Qi_6i?jid'GsouJ'(5/Bgj
GUtrGlso.
/BTSBT 6>?ll.Gs0u5'(5/Bg/ GuTaQsD.
EXERCISES
given below. ;
Model: /BTSBT a@ GUI TGI DSBT. (market)
/B/Tssr iniTitAQaiLQAû GufrGjDSBr.
(i) /B/Tsir.v...,..........@J GU(TG(DSBT. (bazaar)
(ii) 0riia Guni^mis, ? (where)
(iii) Gu(Tfr#fPuj(5. ..........a5@ qpL/u(fty!T/T ? (tomorrow)
(iv) 0ma. .U)(r(TQLL(a5iJ Guirrffmiaenii ? (daily)
(v) Gu!rT#(Paj(5 6Brs5fiu(T@u)(Pii@---- ..jiptrn-? (stîrt), .
h. Match the following. ' , '
/BdsJr L//Duu(2f(5
GLJ/TG/DSBT ' '
2521 An intensive Course in Tajiiil
i. Fill in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated forms (present) of the
verbQUIT 'go'
filteST 6S(oll_6>7j5@lJ
0iiia sTiiiGa.--.
c9/6U(5 6TUULI.....
j. Write the words represented by the formula.
Example : GuirGpsir QUIT + Present
(i) sufT + Preserit ;
(ii) q{DUU + Present :
Example : u>TT&QaiL($GeouS'(!^fi^ innrrAQaiLQ +
Ablative of motion
(i) eribiQa + Ablative of motion :
(ii) 6)? + Ablative of motion : ....
(iii) aesTssPiunîni? + Ablative of motion :
k. Change these sentences as in the examples.
Examples : jbrrsir tn/riQ<95LL<5@L/ QunQnaeir.
IbrresT uiiTiTaQaiL(Â@u QuiraQso.
(i) /BTsJr (oli_6if^@u GuiTQpesT.
(ii) jBTSBT 6i?L.@ij QunQnom.
Example: ^nesr Qi_6i?^<s@u GufrGpsir.
jSiiisermjQa QuirgSiiim?
{i) jBffssT a65T65Pujfr@u)(P<5@u Gu/rGjDsir
(ii) /BTear iDiTir&QatLÂ(g,u QunQpeir.
Example: jbirofT e3iLQQeou3(if,fi^ suGpssr.
0iiis ermiQau3(rf)^l eviSi^m?
(i) /BTsir (o1i_75i8a5'G60uJ'(5JBgj euQpm.
(ii) jbteir am6sPujiT(QiniPu3Qeou3(iT)0^ si/Gpssr.
(i) Gunrfl?(6J ^ : (iv) (Sli_f<5 + ^Qeo-
cuftfreja + ^ ; ii5i(5/Bg; : -
qpuu??!^* + ^ : amesPiuiTîciiP + ^Qeo-
(ii) iDfr(rGl65il +QeouSa^p,^ : uâ^^^ :..
(v) eriiiQa + ^/jg/ *
(iii) nf + Q60u3(if)P>^ :
Lesson 27 1 253
m, Here is some information. Put it all together in one sentence using the
Example: ^su
innn&QsiL
Cuir
( i ) 0mis
Quit
(iii) /BfTfisr
STSffT
Quit
(v) /f/BJffi
eT(E/(3<BiiS'(5/Bgl
su/r
(ii) ;BT6sr
Gu/r
(iv) /ff/BJ
ear
(vi) ,:5/6U(!5
6i?tlC60ui'((5/B^
assBrarPujir^miP
L/jDUU
(i) ifpfrfi^ eifs/Ga Quirarffir, ?
(ii) <9vG(r6)|i CTfEiGa Quirdrj^r^ ?
(iii) *Gjj-ffl^ eTfEjGd5ii5'(5/Bgj suigy ?
(iv) (tpiTfi^ <65r#fP t]/r)f<B(olLLigu Qunttrjija ?
(v) /g(Bj ^ssTsîP LDrTff<a(o)aLL@iJ Gun-(i?nsjrr(r ?
(vi) /ffB/ffi ^ssT&îP STiiiG'Su3(!T)^^ eurffiiiai ?
VOCABULARY
U)fr/f<5(ol<95LL
qpiJu
GRAMMAR
'market' aQi_eS^ 'bazaar'
'daily' j6fiGlsTT@ 'tomorrow'
'leave/start'
5.27.97. This unit in three lessons (27,28 and 29) deals with the verbs like
6UIT 'come', GuiT 'go', Ljpuu 'leave' Qafmiq 'start', etc., which form a
class. This class of verbs determine the occurrence of the cases such as dative
of direction, ablative of motion and sociative in a sentence. In addition to this-
the conjugation of the weak verbs in present and past tenses with their corres-
ponding negative is also elaborately dealt with. Attention is paid to the intro-
duction of time adverb and the particle that is used with the imperative verbs.
Tamil verbs may be broadly classified into two, namely, finite and non-finite
verbs. The finite verbs are those which distinguish the grammatical categories
tense, person, number and gender. Other than tense, the grammatical catego-
ries person, number and gender are indicated by the pronominal suffixes. Thus
a finite verb in Tamil consists of a verb stem, tense marker and pronominal
suffix. This may be represented as follows.
Verb stem+ Tense-I-Pronominal suffix
In Tamil, all the verb forms are derived from two kinds of stems. The first
kind of stemisidentical in form with the root. It is called weak verb. 6i//r
'come', Qun 'go., L / ( D U U 'start' etc., are weak verbs. The tense markers
are immediately added to them. The second kind of stem is formed by the
verb root and the suffix It is called strong verb. 'be' is a strong
verb. Its verb stem is formed by the root and the suffix i. e., @(5iS@-
(Refer 2.13). This classification of verb stems in general identify the tense
markers with which they can occur.
There are three tenses in Tamil. They are (i) present tense (ii) past tense
and (iii) future tense. The verbs are conjugated in these tenses along with
pronominal suffixes. The present tense marker is -p-. It is added to fhe
weak and strong verb stems and followed by the pronominal suffix that shows
a relationship with the subject. The present tense marker may be added as
follows :
Qun + p + ejm = QanQpm.
6u + 0 + FFiiis = eu^riia.
4(DUU + (D -f- = L/puu.
Note that the sun 'come', has an alternant su before the present tense marker
-P-.
As we mentioned earlier each finite verb in Tamil establishes a relationship
with its subject in terms of person, number and gender. This is indicated by
the terminations in the finite verbs called pronominal suffixes and th? relation-
ship is known as 'concord'. The pronominal suffixes vary for person and
number in the case of third person.
Therefore, subjects are mostly understood rather than overtly expressed in
Tamil. A few pronominal suffixes are listed below along with their subject
pronouns.
(iaan -<75r
Lesson 25 f 255
Example:
5. 27i 97. jbfTisiT (Ju/rCSfDsir.
5.27.98. We noticed in the lesson 2.13 that the array of cases are inherently
understood by the verb that hoWsa relationship with them. Let us consider
the following sentences.
5. 27. 98. jBTsw L0frfr(olLL(5(gL/ QuirQpm.
The verbs like Gurr 'go', suir 'come', qpuu(^ 'start' etc., establish a relation-
ship with the case forms inirnAQmLLQa^ 'the market-to', aeiresPiuiTiûiiPaig,
'Kanyakumari-to' etc,, in the meaning of direction. This may be called dative
of direction. It is expressed mostly by a place noun and the case marker -iS(g
i. e., t)/rff(o)(g5LL(5 +@ LOffifaQaBL.*. assffrssPuj/rigLD/P + a@ assrayflu/r-
@ti/P@. They are correspondingly questioned by eriiiGa 'where'. Example :
5. 27. 98. fgiBjffi eniiGs. Gunp^riis, ?
The present tense negative is commonly expressed by the infinitive followed
by -Qeo. Example:
iurj + (also oJijQeo 'do/does not come'
Gun a, + Qeo GijnsQeo 'do/does not go'
uipuuQ + Qeo LfpuuiQeo 'do/does not start'
It does not distinguish any person or number or gender.
Example :
5. 27. 98. jbireir LDiTrrQaLL(5@iJ GurrsQeo,
(ifmj Loffff<5(o)L.(5@tJ GuiraQeo.)
(^su in(r(r(olLL(giLj GuiraQeo. etc.)
5.27.99. The forms like e3LLQGeouSi(ff)figj 'the housc-from' mirirAQaLLQGeo-
liî^/Bg/'the market-from'etc., are also understood by the above mentioned
verbs in sentences. This may be called ablative of motion. It is expressed by
a noun, the locative case marker -Geo.-^Geo,-B-Geo in the case of inani-
inate noiins and SCQL- in the case of animate (Refer 7. 35) and the particle
(i.e. -CeouJ'iijjBg;, r^CfiOiii'o/B^, -ffl-CeouJ'o/Bg/ and -îl<Slt_-
u^(3fiSl) Example:
5. 27. 99. fiirek eiSiLGeouSi0fi^ ffljCpeir.
The corresponding question form of the ablative of motion is ffr/sK36Hti'({g^^
'where'ifrom'. Example:
5. 27. 99. fiiiis eri6iGattS(!f,fi^ eufffma ?
2561 An IntcnstPe Cowse in Tamil
It is important to note that the particle -^/B^ alone is suffixed to eniiQs
'where' (as well as ^mQ& 'here' and ^mGa 'there') without the locative case
marker.
Sandhi; supfmi + ^ ^ û/jfiBjaOTir
QunrSmts + djj, Guni^SmsetTtT (Refer S.19 in 2.14)
ui/r/t(SlLL(5a@ + GuaGpm -> m/T/r<Q65tl<B@L/ GunGipen
Qt_6i?;S<a@ + GunGpasT > 6B(ol(_6i?jg<5@u CuTG/Dsir
sTfiBTa + (oljSfPujirgi > 6T6i(r<aB(gj8 Qja/Puj/rg/ (Refer 8!l8 in 2.14)
a? + GeouS(!f,0fii<nfilG60ti5'(5/Bg/ (Refer S.16 in 2.13)
GunaQeo GunaQeoiun (Refer S.8 in 1.5)
UNIT 5
LESSON 28
PREPARATION TO GO TO KANYAKUMARI
DIALOGUE
When is Professor (Sundaram) leav-
ing for Kanyakumari ?
aweorr : jBirQertmÂ srrQeou3(2eo (He) starts tomorrow at ten o'clock
in the morning.
ah.i_ij GuirpSip'êniT ?
Are you also going with Professor
(Sundaram) ?
U J an.iU GunGnoeir.
Yes, I am also going with Professor
(Sundaram).
238 I An Intensive Course in 7 ami/
OrQifeî : iBek>irr tfirQfieijth
Is Mr. Ramu also coming to Kanya-
kumari with you ?
Q SOUS'(If) jbî
fSfrG^si^ ; c5/6umj<35 LDgjQfruJ'Gso-
iiia"i(T : ^Lon... /fffB/ffiigrjLD erisia-
sh. i _ fiUfrmiaGerrssr.
iS-Gijsi^ : ^6b(o1D, sr ssr a GI/BSIJDUJ
((JiB^g;, /BT65T
uerO 6rt)i_fr6Birr(3ia{g
SljGpSiJT.
SLDSOrr : jSiita aJTcjai- L. si/fiyraja ?
S)jGn36ifr...su!fiLQiDiT ?
Yes. He is coming to Madurai tonight
from Mysore along with his wife.
They are starting to Kanyakumari
immediately from Madurai, are they
not ?
Yes. Why don't you also come with
us ?
No. I have a lot of work. I will
come to the bus stand tomorrow
morning.
With whom are you coming to the
bus stand ?
I will come with M r . N'arasiiiali...
Shall I take leave (of you) '
Please do.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
5. 28. 100. /B/rsJr suQpssr,
su[ffiBi^.
xSlsuet 6)j(2ysr.
êuiira QaefrthLfinfmis,
S. 28. 101. ptitssT CL/ J T/ T^/ PU J aB.i _u GunQpeisT.
0raa Gui;iTSîU(rân.i_Lj GuirfffiiiaerTiT ?
Lesson 28 / 259
5. 28. 102. jbirai fB7*uJuj /T*i . i_ siflDTsrOL_sbGsoitS'(i5/Bgi u c i o-
ehjL^rrsmQA^ siiGfossr.
61/(27657.
5. 28. 103. iB/r65r /DTQer r ffi oa nQ60i i 5' Gu euGroesr.
GuijirS'^tUfiT) fiirQefrAiÂ sirQsouSGeo mpuuQijsaf)-
5. 28. 104. f5i STfEjah.t_ eufr fEjaGer r si r .
jSmi&iQîii 6Tffi /i . i _ 6Ufrm/C6Tr6Jr.
b. Bui l d up d r i l l
( i ) c9/6U3T 61i{2y65r.
. :^sv6Jr
( i i ) ^suiiia Qa6fnhLf(!r}mis.
(oli356mbL;(fiyiBi
( i i i ) _(Bfr6ST Gu(r(T<#fPuj(i5x.L_LJ
GLJfr G(D657.
Guf TG/ Ds i r
GuijnT<f'fiuj(r^3n-i
/B/T60T
( i v) |g(Bj uj(r(5ai-i 6Uji3''5j ?
( v) Gu(rff<#/PuJc(5 jBfrGl6YT(g
/TQ6UU5G60
/6nr(olsn-(g
Gu!rff#(P(U((5
c9/6lJ6iir 6J(276!IT.
6D(ny63T
c9/6U6ir 6U(jTy6Br.
^ s u m j 06Trii)i_/(2jfBiffi.
(o1a6Trmq(2?fE/a5
ê uf s j s QaenibLftrrfiiia.
(BfrsJT GLJ!r/T<#fPuj(5ai..i_Lj
Gur r Gp s BT.
Gui r Gp e s r
GuijiTîPiU(rT)3n.iu GuirGpm
/Brreir G u i r i r ^ i P i i J ^ a t LLj
Gui r Gp s BT.
(f f5j(S6 uj (r (|5>. i _ eurtJ'iGJS ?
Gu(r (r i #fPuj(5 /i/r QsTr 6B(g
(T(Sl60uS'O60 L^piJU( 2?( 5.
L/ p uu( !7 ( 5
aTQeoi i Si Geo 4 p uLj ( 2f ( i 5
jbT(al6rr<S(g^ <sir(ol60ui'G6U
4 puJLj ( 27( 5
G u ^ / r ^ f P t u / Bf r Sl c r r aâ
a/r QsDi i J' Gso q p i j u( 2? ( 5 . , _
(vi) jSmisi^r^Lb ffrmjaah-t
eurTtiiaGerreiT.
ajtrmjaGeiTssr 6UfrfB/ffiGsiT65r
srmjffiffiLL- su/T/EJdsGsrrsiir
fgm/aigjLb ffTmjai.L euiriii&CSen&iT.
c. Expansion driU
/Birejr SUG/DSST.
rbnasT <Si!oneiO\eoQeou3(iT)^î ueiv
ek>iiT6m(Â^ euGrossT.
jbTssr ibijaiuiuirenui paj/rsfoisijGso-
u3(!T)^^ usiv eiViirsmrQA^
jbfraiuiutTah-i siiGfDssr
, euGpsir.
(ii) GutftrStPaJd?, npuuQittj^.
(i) Q: Gu!rT#(Puj(5 eruu* srsBf'uj/r@iifP<S|giJ L/piJ^Gcjj?
A : ^nQmaÂ airQeouSGeo Lj<sgJtJD6B5P*(gLJ L)fDUu(5>(ny.
(ii) Q; /fmiasigijii) Gu(r(rrf'/PiiJc(5..i_u GuiriiyiBjasTrfr ?
A : ci?j)ixi(T, /BTSBT GuijnSûj^th.\u GuirGpeir.
(iii) Q : !^!r(tf>emh s_fB/<9Bah.i_<B aOTafPuj/rînrPa eu^nrjijn ?
A : cî ni T.
(iv) Q : ,s{eum& m^QjuSGeouS'-i^p,^ _i_GsiiT assBTsuPiufr-
A : cînnr.
LipuuQtcrffSi-
GuijirStPiu^ arrfolsoui'Gso u^gj
(i) cS/susJr GiJT(276ir.
verb accordingly.
êuaiT GuiTiirjeiT.
jBirew GuirGpeirî
0iiis QuiTrffriia.
Lesson 28 / 261
(i i )
suitably.
t-llDuuQ
Qaerrihi-i
Sisafr
67/
(i i i ) cS/su/Biffi QmsmhLj'jrjiiis.
Substitute and conjugite
suitably
ST/
SUIT
65 IT
Gun-
(i v) (j-(T(ip a_(BJ6Bffii.i_ GUirrjifn ?
Substitute
6TfEJ6Bffi..l_
inGlsBTfflS'aK.L-
(v) Gu!j-(r#fPuj(5 65(T(?60U5'GU
q(DLiU(2?c!5.
Substitute
^s us j r GuiTiirjeiT.
âj ( 5 Cu/r(2j-(5.
^suiiia Gurrarjiiim.
^SU SBT (ol6B/T6aOT(56VJ((rf65r.
êi i ssr (o)6B6Trii)q(2?65r.
^s ue i r a^6Bafr(5(2y65r.
<^61IS8T sjgj/tnycJr.
c9)euf5J6B (ol6Emi)L/(2yn5J6B.
^sumjffi L//pLJLj(5{r5mj<g5.
êuiiiai _aa5iT(5(2yf5i6S.
c9j6Umj<SB SV(2JfHJ6S.
^6umj65 Guir^riis.
i;iT(tfi a_/E/65..i_ sij(2f!r/r ?
GujriT^fPuu dBirGleoiii'Geo
Gui Ti r i ' /Puj /BTGl6Tr6B@u
q(DUU(9(27(5.
Gu{rn-<#rf'ttj(5 âirr(31s5r@L/
2621 A n Irttenstve Course i n Tamil
(vi ) CtJ!r/r#ifuj(5 LiiSgi"i8sP<@L/
Substitute
(vii) /ffm/aigijii) su(T/Bia5(56ir6sr.
suitably.
(Su!t
jS/i
L/ p u u
G)6Bsmi)L(
c_(5Bir((5
(i) ^(Tcir .Gu!r(ri#rPuj(5ah.i_Lf
Cu/rGpsBT.
/BTBST /BjrÛJUJT 6uGp65r.
/Bfrsor (T/Ttyj suGpssr.
(ii) 0mm eutrma,
0ma Guniiia.
0ms LfptliuQiiis.
0ma fiirma.
(iii) jsiTsir fiirQetrii^ suGpssr .
/tTsJr a/rSlfiOui'Gso
4pi Ju(5?Gp6sr .
/Bnreir /B/rSlsrraigiJ Gu/r Gpei r .
4pL/u( !r f( 5.
GuirTîPuj s^^msBsfaB^LJ
qpuu.
Gui;nSiPuj(rf, Q^ssirr^LOfflraf'<B(gu
L/pL;u(!r7(5.
Cuj r i r ^fPuj gp@)/ii6wP{gu
4pi Ju( 2yc5.
Gujr/T^fPuj /B(rg2iu)ai5P@iJ
qpL/u( ny( 5.
qpuu(ny(5.
jfffSJiX^Lci eurriEiaGerreir.
/fm/ffi^Tjib Qunm&GefTem.
0msîh finmaQetrasT,
0m9^th QairemrQeunriimGefTesr.
0maîh qpuumjGOT6aT.
0mai^th QasiTibL/mjaGsirsJr.
; f (Ej(g5m 2i_/r(5/EiG6r65r.
/fffEjaisijm^g)/mG6rr6ir.
0ma uj/rcjah-L- sujiymja ?
0mai ujT(5ah.i_ eupSma ?
0ma euirmaGm^.
0ma QuinitaiGenaiT.
0ms L/pLJumj65G6rr66T.
0ms fiirmaGsrr^.
0ms fTuu sv^jSms ?
0ms sTUUtli qpt j u ( i f ?
0ms eruuu Guif^ms 7
Lesson 28 / 263
E XE R C I S E S
g. F i l l i n the blanks using the cues given i n parentheses as i n the model
giveri^below.
Mod el : Gui r i r ^fPi u Lj/DtJu(ny(5.
(i n the morni ng)
GufTrT#rPuj(5 anQeouSGeo q p u u O t j y .
(i) =9)nj65r sutnjssr. (today)
(i i ) tSfsufiffT euijTjm. (night)
(i i i ) cS/su/E/as QasrrtiiL/cjyiBiffi. (immediately)
(i v) s Ts wao GeiiQeo ^ a s og / - (a l ot of)
(v) ffT63T<S(^ Q^Qptu ( w o r k )
h. M at ch the fol l owi ng.
LjjDLii-j (5(37 sir
GuirGp'sir
F i l l i n the blanks using the appropriate conjugated forms (present) of the
verb Gui r 'go*.
(i) ibiresr rbirQerraû
(i i ) 0mia Gui r f r ^/Puj âi - i - i J
(i i i ) eSteueir ewi ngKi j Gsoui ' cj /s^
(i v) 5S/6U(5 eruuili
(v) .êniiia adresftuir^wifaû--^-
Wr i t e the words represented by the formula.
Exampl e: s_nii<9sa>.i_ fiiiis + Sociative
(i) fitreir + Sociative :
(i i ) ffiimia + Sociative ;
(i i i ) JBITLD + Soci ati ve;
(i v) 0 + Sociative ;
(y) êum + Sociative ;
(hi) ^ s i i + Sociative ; ..
(vi i ) ^ s u + Sociative ;
(vi i i ) ^sumJi B + Sociative ; '' ' , . ~ '
(i x) + Soci ati ve: ; . :
264 I An Intensive Coune in Tamil
k. Change these- sentences as i n the examples.
Exampl e : êusisr mQesrffi'i'-^L.. eufirfsir.
(i) ijiT(ip 2_./i i ah.L_ 6Tj(27rrf,.
(i i ) 0!iia 6Tf5j5h_L_ sunîiia.
Exampl e : ^s us j r LDg/(ol/r<s@ eutnjeir.
êueiir eriiiGa euifff^ ?
(i) iîTQp a6iTS!sPuj!T(a^LDiPA^ su(27(5.
(i i ) êiiiiia aei rssf uj/T@u3fP@ QasmiiL/cftyfB/ffi.
Exampl es : iSmia suiriE/ffi,
/ffmiffi su/T/BjaBGsrrsJT.
(i) jSriis QsiTem(t}eiJiTmis.
(i i ) /fmj ffi ^/TfEj as.
(i i i ) 0iiis Qasr r mqmj *.
Exampl e: Gup-i r ^r f' tu /rffl60(L?Clso qpi Ju(27(75.
(i) Gui TT^fPuj rbirQerrAiQU L{rouu(^(ir}(iT,.
(i i ) cSJSU/Eja LJ<SgJ LD61JsP(g<SS Qa56TrLDI_((n7IBJ6B.
(i i i ) !rn'(ip (Tfr^jSfP ei/cjyejr.
1. Answer these questions.
(i i ) !r(r<25(r Cui r /r ^j f uj Guirarjiiiaerrn ?
(i i i ) /fffs/ffi <95ar6sf'uj(r(gmff'<5@tJ QuirnSmiaenir ?
(iv.) (rfr(ip 6!nmgs((5(B60L?(5jB^ u-tT(5i.(_ sutnyssr ? ^
(v) uj/T(5a@ 61/BQ(D' ^ t?6i/(ol60 ^ ( 5 * ^ ?
(vi ) 0mis,^th ii_ms inQbsrejffah.L.A asi rsof uJ(r@LDfPa@Lj
GuirîiiaerrtT ?
VOCABULARY
êmQemA^ 'to day' S-U-Gesr 'i mmedi atel y'
Gl/BGlpuJ 'a lot o^much' GeuQeo "work'
uero 6T0i_ff6WT 'bus stand'
GR AMMAR
5.28.100. -cf,65r and - ^ r e i a are the pronomi nal suffixes of the masculine
singular nouns/pronouns and the human pl ural nouns/pronouns respectively
(Refer 5.27.97). Exampl e;
Lesson 2S / 265
^sumjs QaemhLjiirfmiai.
5.28.101. A s It is understood i n the preceding lessons, the same class of verbs
consisting of evir 'come' G U T 'go', q j ou u 'start' etc., may also have the
sociative case i n a sentence. It is formed by a noun and the sociative marker
Exampl e:
5. 28. 101, iBT6Br Guijirfii?iu(i^ GunGpaesr.
5.28.102. We had noticed i n the lesson ( 2. 1 3) that the same case connot occur
more than once i n a si mpl e sentence. But different cases can be sequenced i n
a simple sentence as i n the fol l owi ng example. Thi s does not mean that al l
the cases can be combined wi th each other.
5. 28. 102. pirek /D!r*uJuJT<9h-(_ ajTfoj_bG60a?(5/Bg/ uero
6fol_T6iraT(p<5@ 6uG(D6Sr.
Note that cases such as sociative (jB!r<9=uJujTaii.t_ 'Narasai ah-wi th'), ablative
of moti on (jaajTsnJisbGeoiLP^/Bg;'hostel-from') and dative of di recti on (uero
6r0_Tiii>T@ 'bus stand-to') are arranged i n order i n the above sentence.
5.28.103. /BTSI OTI S 'tomorrow', sirQsou^Geo ' i n the mor ni ng' are ti me
adverbs. In Tami l , they are mostly expressed by nouns denoting time and
the locative case marker. Exampl e:
5. 28. 103. /BT65r jbirQena^yA mirQeouSGeo euGpair.
CTUU ' when' is the corresponding question ti me adverb. Exampl e :
5. 28. 103. Gu!rT#/Puj(!5 e r u u u LfpuuQ(nj(ir, 7
5.28.104. -Gjsor is a particle.
The second person plural/singular honorific imperative marker -mjs is realized
as -missfr before this parti cl e. Exampl e:
5. 28. 104. 0mi& eTmjah.i_ eunmi&Garm.
Sandhi : 23. The consonants , a=, jS and u are always doubled after the
sociative case suffix Exampl e :
Gu!rT#fPuJ(5K.i_ -f- GuanffiiiserriT > Guijn^îu^ ai.iû
GuiTiffmiaerTiT ?
+ asi r ssfujT^LDfPa > SL.miabSh.iA
65r65PujT@ti/f'<@ (euirrfi;iT ?)
GurrrSiiia + ^ ^ GuiriSiiisefTrr 7 (Refer S. l l i n 2. 1 4)
e r uu + aeirsfff uj T^mr Pa > s r u u a asBr ei Puj T^mfPaû
(L//DUU((J7(|5 7) (Refer S. 21 i n 3. 20)
i-/(Duu(2y(5
fiirQerrAQ + auQeouS'Geo > {birQetToiÂ sirQeouS^Geo
(Refer S.19 i n 2.14)
UNIT 5
LESSON 29
R E C E I V I NG A F R I E ND
DI ALOGUE
(o)<y6Tr <SB<ûj i i /r ?
!J/T(y3; (o)<9'siT<B<SujjB^/r esr. 0mia
rffmjserriT ?
: t ^LD i r . eruu s wi oî gGs o-
*C(r6>% : l i " 7 l u rr em ih er uuisf.
^ (5iB }S ?
Hal l o Ramu, how are you ?
Fi ne. How are you ?
I am fine. Whe n di d (you) come from
Mysor e ?
I came yesterday ni ght.
How was the journey ? -
Lesson 29 / 267
eruua QaernhLjesFma?
Qserrihi^GeitTek.
orQife^ : aîiia uiQesTa9iLfui
si_mi6Bax.i_ euffifiiTiiiserriT?
!r/r(jp ; ÂiQeo, ^su eT6sri. i_
lfll<36@U GuTig).
L/pUUL-lfl-fEJa ?
!r(r(ip : ibiriiia e^thu^ lamPAiû
LipjuuiLGiiTih.
.SrCjra^ : Gujrnr^fPuj srmjGa ?
iTfrcys : cS)J6jS GpsiD(Tili_@2j@Lj
Gu(r(g)(i5.
<9RG(rs)% : /BiresT C^jsuQjru i_iT(f<s-
7 T ( Y I : 3= if, uiT(iîiia.
Thejour ncj^ was a bi t har d. . . I d i d
not get bus from Bangalore to
Madur ai i mmedi atel y.
Whe n di d (you) start from Bangalore?
(I) started yesterday afternoon.
Di d your wife also come wi th you ?
No, she di d not come wi th me. She
went to her father's house.
When di d (you) start from the house ?
We started at nine O' clock.
Wher e is Professor (Sundaram) ?
(He) went to that hotel .
Shal l I (go and) see hi m ?
Please do.
DRILLS
a. Vari ati on dr i l l
5. 29. 105. jbiTWT Q&enihLfGasTm.
jbiriiis LîpuuiLGiiTih.
0rBia eu^îiia.
êuar euffifiirm.
tSt^ClT) GuffigB).
S. 29. 106. /B/rsor eu0Q^^.
jbirmtaLfpuuiLCSiiTib.
jSdsa Qaembi-i^mia.
sujrCleo.
b. Bui l d up d r i l l
(i) {birmia LipuuiLGifrth.
LipuuiLGiiTiL
(ii) cS/eii GuiTigff).
(iii) iSijujiTemiJb aeîwrr
(iv) cSjsu evijQeo.
su[r(ol60
c. Expansion drill
(i) ibnrBi& L^puuiLGiitih.
epdbu^LDeisaPAû qpuui l -
Gi-frii
atrQeou3Geo q{DLiULLGi_fru)
.^Bijr(olsisin"@Li LfpuuiL-
Giirii>.
(ii) ,:^su GufTiss).
GuTig)
(iii) /bfreJr en^G^m.
G/5jSgj su/BGjSSBr
(iv) ,^sii suirSlsD.
er si r ahuL- 6U(rGl60
IbiTiiis npuutLGi-itib.
LfpuuiLGiiTih
fbnisim i-ipuuLLGiiTih.
GuiTts).
GuiTia)
c9/6w Gun-(SS).
L?!rtu(T6Birrt) a6)î_in(r ^ / S ^ ^ -
su[r(o)60
Ibirmim LjpuuL-Giinh.
IbiTiBia 6pinugjinffl(trP(gu qpuu-
tlGizrii).
jbniiia anQeouSGeo fipihugitoaraf-
<B@tJ q(DiJiJtlGi_Ti r i .
IbirmiA êmQemsQA mirQeouSGeo
epibu^ LDemsPAû LfpuuHGiirih.
^ S U GufTlgB).
Gu/Tl Q).
/B/rssr suffeGtsesr.
rB/r65r jT/r^^fP SI /Z BG^SST.
fB/rcir Gjb^^ (TTJSJS'P SU/ BG^SST.
'
r5j6K eresran-L- eu^Qeo, .
Lesson 29 / 269
(v) sTi Ju eu^^tiis, 7
eufiîiia 7
d.
e. Substitution d r i l l
(i) pnmia LjpCiuiLGiirib.
verb accordingly.
/B(rsr
(i i ) /BT6BT CIJJBGJBSST.
accordingly.
0iiia eruu ey^^mim7
IhTfiim L/ J D U U LLG L- T U ) .
/5<rsir L/r DULi i l Gi ssr .
/ff(BJ qjDlJULllfi./BJ.
êuesT npuuiLitTeir.
q{Duutl t_fr .
^ s u L/ p U U l l l - T .
r^suiiia i_/jDLJLJLL(_frmi.
^fi UfUa qjDLJLJL.L_(r(Bi66.
tbireir eu/sGjasir.
jbnmimeufiGfimh,
êuesr eu^fiiresr.
cS/SU SU/BjST.
Questi on-Answer d r i l l
(i) Q : fiiBJs GTuue!nici^(!T)Geou3(ir,fi^ eupt^mim7
A : Gjbfi^ (Tfr^jfifP su/feGjSssT.
(i i ) Q: tS'jruj/raiBTii) STLJUIT). /Bi Sgj ?
(i i i ) Q : a_mja5 LD(ol6ijreiS'u-;LD Smiaah.i eufifiiriiimsnn 7
(i v) Q : Gu!J-/T,#fPuj(5 er mi Ga 7
A : c9//B^ GsuD/r tl i gyai gu Gu/Tiga).
(v) Q : jBTSST ,êijQi;u uiTiiasiL(LDfT 7
A : iFiP, u/T(5n5j.
270 / A n Intensive Course i n Tami /
(i i i ) f6(r(Bja i _/3ji JUL.Gi _n'Lb.
suitably.
GufT
(i v) ^ s u GunrigB).
suitably.
L/pDJU(5
(v) cS/ffiCEiffi su/B^Tmia.
suitably.
Qasrrtbi-/
Gu/r
(vi ) tSjsvj si/frGlso.
Substitute
/fifrrK)
iff
/ffmia
(vi i ) eT6ffri.i_ sufrdsO.
Substitute
/Bnmj L;(DuLJLlGi_/rtL.
/BTfEja SU/ BG^/ TLD.
pnms> GuTGigojii).
/B/TIBJdS GlTrLbLjGlS5)Lb.
/BrrrBiffi QaTSBin- su/BG^frti).
cSiSU GufTlgB).
^ 6 U SU/B^T.
^su QaffSBBT sujB^/r.
^ 6 i j (o16yrii)L/(g).
^ S U qjDL/LJLLl _T.
cS/surE/a su/B^rrfE/.
c^j si i i Ei a Q(T6BBT s u/ B^Tra.
^ s u f B i * Gu/Tigjmja.
^sucBT suirGTso.
^6 U ( 5 eujrGlso.
/BTSBT GujrQco.
/BTfBi * SlJ(r<olsO.
/ff ajjrQsD.
/ f (BJffi SiJ^QsU.
sTSBTab-i si/jrSlso.
^su sTiEjash-i sutrGlso.
a_iBj<sBi9ii.i_ sujrtolso.
c9/fflJ cSJ6U6BT.l_ 6D(TG160.
^su , 5(6uah. i _ SUJTQSO.
(vi i i )
Substitute
. airQeou3Geo
f. Transformation d r i l l
(i) /B/resr G;B<ag; SU/BGCSSST.
/BfrsBT iD^^tuiTssnb
QaeaibLiGmeiT.
fiirmijiT^îP GuuGesTsir.
(i i ) cS/SU 6U0ÎT.
êu GuiT<s).
GlaOTinL/tg).
upauuiLiiT.
Lesson 29 / 277
;BT6ST G/BjSgla (olffiOTLDL/GsBreir.
/BTSsr LD^îuiTssnh QaenihuGesTm.
jBnrsir if!r^0^ Qsemhi^Ganmr-.
jBTSJr sfrQsouJ'Gco GldBen-tiqGOTreir.
;BT6BT Q!rror(5u)6B5P@cSB
QaerrtnL/GeBTsir.
QasTTLDL/Gfflnreir.
0iiia er t j ua QaerrLDL/Siyfmia ?
/Sfi /a sTLJLJu GufTssf mja ?
cSjfflj Gui r aQs u.
cS/su (ol6Trii)u(o)60.
, ^ S U L/fDULJl _(ol 60.
EXERCISES
g. F i l l i n the blanks using the cues given i n parentheses as i n the model
given below.
M od e l : /BTSBT eufiG^sk. (yesterday)
(i) /BTSiJr Qaenibi-jGesTesr. (noon)
(i i ) STtJuir). ^ / B ^ g J ? (journey)
(i i i ) iJiruj/rsroTii). ^ ^ f f i i B j S ^ - (hard)
(i v) er si i r a ueio (not available)
(v) jSiiis ^s uGl j nJ liia. (see)
h. M at ch the fol l owi ng.
[biTiiia
GUT(fi3)
fflj/BGjSSBr
6U(ny
êui Gj a QasyrmqigjcBr
li'trUJTSBBTLb mDi Jui l Gt _/r i i >
212 / A n Intensive Cmrie i n lamxi
i . F i l l i n the blanks using the appropriate conjugated forms (past) of the
verb su/r 'come'.
(i) /BTSJr 65)LD^c(5G60u5'(5/BgJ
(i i ) ;ffBJ gj tbugj inssffPa .
(i i i ) /BTfEia Gfififij
(i v) êum 6i f i l @
(v) ^ L/ U i r ffl?L_(5ffi@
(vi ) c5/su(5 GgjrD/Ttli_g2/i35@.
(vi i ) êuiBia S2_mjavi_
j . Wr i t e the wor d represented by the formula. ,
Exampl e : eu^Gfion SUIT + Past
(0 ^( 5 + Past:
(i i ) QsefTthLj + Past:
(i i i ) Gurr + Past:
(i v) .q(DtJLJ(5 -f- Past:
k. Change these sentences as i n the examples.
Exampl e; ji,iTiiia LfpuutLGiirib.
Ibmiia Lipuu($Gift}th.
(i) c9|SiJ GuTjgBJ. '
(i i ) /BT65r su/BGjSSffr.
(i i i ) ^ s u GuiT<s)(.
(i v) tS'ijujiTemih SSÎUDII ^/B- s gy.
Exampl e: êu GuiT(rij.
cS/6u GuirigB).
(i) êumia Qsanbi-iiirjmia.
(i i ) ^s u( 5 ^g j ; -
Exampl e : /BTSST suGpei r . .
jBTssr su/BGjSsir.
(i) jbiTiiim fiG(rr}ih.
(i i ) /ffmi QairsmQ euiSiBis.
(i i i ) jB/TSBT ^((j aoGfDSsr .
(i v) ^sDSsr aL_<affjt?6Jr.
(i) rftTQfi s!nLD^G60ii5/Bgi eruu eu^firrcir, 7
(i i ) /fffBia 2sr G60uJ'/Bgy e r uu 6u/Bi(Bi ?
(i i i ) n-iaa i3ijujiTmTth er i jua). ^/ Bj Sgi ?
Lesson29 1 273
(iv) 65>ii3^(5(g ujfr(5x.i_ eu^^ms ?
(v) sL-fEiasGeTT-n-Qi aL.(Bi u^QesreS sufi^rrmiaeTTn ?
(vi) ;ffmi65 ar(5(g snjua QaBsmiJL/iiJ'/Bja ?
V O C A B U L A R Y
Gfi^^ 'yesterday' iSi^tuiremLb 'journey, travel'
ae^L-LD 'hard' (o)aQi_aaQeo 'did not get'
m^îutresTih 'noon/afternoon' IJ(T(5 'see'
G R A M M A R
5.29.105, We noticed in the lesson 5.27 that there are three major tenses in
Tamil, namely, present, past and future. In this lesson we mainly deal with
the past tense. It is denoted by many markers unlike the present tense. Before
going into the details of these past tense markers and their environment of
occurrence mention may be made about the pronominal suffixes in continuatipn
of the earlier lessons. The pronouns such as /BTIBIS, Û/C9/SU and ^gj/^g/
establish their agreement with the pronominal suffixes -^tJb, i-c^ and -c9<gj
respectively. The pronouns and the corresponding pronominal suffixes are
listed below. y
Example :
5. 29. 105. iBirmis LfrouuL-Gimh.
iSîurrsmih asifim/r ^/B^g/.
5.29.106. -/BjS-f -L-- and -sir- are the past tense markers. They are added
to the weak verb stems as shown below.
oj + fi^ + ejeir GlasrrtDL/+ ear + sêsr L/(DMU(5 + i-L + @ii>
^C!5 + /BjS + 5S/g/ QUIT + sir+ ejm
QarremQ su + zD-S + êir
Example:
5. 29. 106. rtrreir ev^Qêk.
/ff(B/6B Qsemhi-fesfmia.
It should be noted that the pronominal suffixes are the same for all tenses.
The negative past tense verbs are formed by adding ~Qeo to the infinitive as
we have seen in the case of the present negative. That is, the past negative
is as same as the present negative in form. The formation may be represented
as follows.
VRoot Infinitive Past Negative
GurrA-
ojir-
Guira
LjfOUUl
Qaenihu
GutTOiQeo
L/puL/iQso
QaenihuQeo
'did not go'
'did not come'
'did not start/
leave'
'did not bring'
'did not start'
Sandhi 24. The word final -ih before -jS is changed into- / B. Example :
cujBjSfffBia + d?i * su/BjSfrmyacn-fT (Refer S.19in 2.14)
^su + @)(oli_5S(6ijGstr(i;(Sli_ (Refer S.13 in 1.10)
cS/aiQjT + u/r(faailtc/r ^ êuQû LjfrfraailU3/r
u^QmeiS + E_ib > usQssrnS'iqii) (Refer S.8 in 1.5)
UNI T 5
LES S ON 30
SENDING OFF A FRIEND
DI A L O GU E
arjBjSirti) : evirdia, tZ'sroi_(r wGjrsi^ .' Mr. Suresh! Didn't Mr. Narasaiah
Si-iiiaa,.! pifffujiuiT come with you ?
eui^QeoiuiT ?
wGjrc^ : êbQso. ^ u u js jS T sir J"st now I have sent him off to
Where is Mr. Narasaiah going ?
C(r6i% ; 5^su(5 sjo^jSirfruirjagj- He is going to Hyderabad... Is it your
C U T (27 (5.... sir?
@ 2i_ mj a (T [T (T ?
^61 An Intensive Ccwx in Tamil
Orfiîîb : c^îr. arrirGeo ej^mia.
OrGfre^ ! ueh) eto I-.IT em <x0 jS
ff-^jSjrii ; îniT. ueio rfot-irarar-
g)iLQQgoaT..aiTQeouSGeo
@u GuirasPiiiaetTiT ?....
eof miofiTTrr ?
GesTssT.
Yes. Please get into the car.
Arc you starting the car to the bus
stand ?
Yes. I am driving the car to the bus
stand. Did you go to the railway
station in the morning ?... Did (you)
see him off?
Yes. I (went to) see him off to
Hyderabad in the morning.
At what time the train arrived at the
station ?
It arrived at the station exactly at 6
O'clock.
Srfi^îh; Gitniiis, fiiriD ergoi^ssoirtht Corrje on, let us get down.
DR I LLS
a. Variation drill
5. 30. 107.
jbiTesT'sirQi^Lj usio cfoirrsaorâ gjil^G/Dsor.
^liim mrTQû uero 6foi_/r6ii!rr(5@* QasmJL/-
^liiamiT 7
S. 30. 108. jSiiisi ueh) ehiiîTemQAi^^ ^rrGesT anQifm
QaerruL^^mia ?
îcfT, jbireir ueh) etoiiremQa^^ jS/reir mnQÂ
QaenuLfGioeiT.
h. Build up drill
(i) jbnaiT êuQff ^ûnGesrm,
^gjjuqGfiureJT e9/@)JLiL/G65T69r
finest iS{eii<o\y ^^lunGemek.
Lesson 30 j 277
(ii) $mfh anQi^ ueio eraiiressTl^-
<5@iS QaenULfgSiii&erriT ?
QaeiTULjpffiii&eTTtT ?
ueio 6ft)i_n-Birr(5@
(iii) {bireir fiijfsîuiuirQeu emeuDîjn-
u/Tjagja euyîuûi-jGesjeiT,
Ibneir ^
(iv) (Tui'sb sYi;Ci_6i%gi;@ eujBjSgJ.
c. Expansion drill
(i) [bnear |j)ilG(D65r.
(ii) (Tui'sb eij^^g;.
(iii) /BfreJT QasrruL/GfDsir.
a/rQjra QasirtJLjGpesr
(o)6BSTrijqG(D65f
jSiiia airQij ueio eiOL-iremQiâ
QaerTULfîmaemi ?
QaetTULjiSiiiaerrn ?
ueio sroi_nr!ir(5<s@ QafirriJL/-
^liiaerriT ?
airQ^ ueio eioinem(^m@s
QaenuLj^miaeniT ?
^liia airQij ueio eioiiTem(â(^m
QsûqîiiaerriT ?
ufr^g/iS@ euyJujgmJL/GsiiTeffr.
suyJu-iguL/L/Gdin-eBr
Gesresr
si/yS'iL/guuL/Gesrssr
sufûjgi/uqGssrcBr.
6fi;GL_Sl%g)J<SB@ 6U/B^^
^BfrssT ^L.(5iGff)65r.
pllGfD65r.
@LLGfD6iJT.
(ruL?6b 6toGi_6i%gi;<sB@ eii^^^.
(ruJ'sb i^j^tr)6!RfPa@ efuGiei^gua
eToGi_6i%@5)@ eiij&js^.
îreir QaerriJqGpesr.
/Bireir ffi/rQjra (ol6TTiJi_/Gfl36sr.
a/rCljra QacrruqGpeBT.
ifSjAnHtensiveCourseinTamil
d Question-Answer drill
(i) Q: sirQeouSGeo iruSAGai 6roOi-ffl%@)/(gLi Guiraîiisefrtr ?
A : dû)/r.
(ii) Q: ^mi jBiTffuJuj/rQsu euySiujgi/ujqesffB/dBCTrir ?
fiuyJiujguJJtjGssrfiJT-.
(iii) Q: ifuSeb er^^Qsm usswf 6B@ 6foGL.6i%@)/@ cu^^gj ?
(iv) Q : ueh) 6T0t_/rsOTT<s@^ îrGesr ds/rQjra Qaerruuirffiiia ?
(i) jBTSor ,:9<giJL/0sijr65r.
Substitute arid conjugate
suitably.
Gun
suyJujgjfiJL/
GlaglTLDL/
gill
(ii) ;BiT65r @LLS(D6BT.
suitably.
eutr
QassrrubL/
(iii) ^/resT ;B!r*uJuJ(r(olsu
fiuyPujgi/LiL/Gesrssr.
accordingly.
G(g9)U)>
^niiaB ; , fifsia /BtrffuJiuTGleu ci/tîuguiJL/-
cSjEuesT ' ' ' ' êueir ^jrffujiijfrClsiJ suyS'ujgULJL/-
ear.
^(reir ^sjgMUL/GfflirsBr.
jBirssr GufrGsBTesr.
fiiToiT euyPujgUL/LjGssrsBT.
/B/rear L/fl3LiULlGi_6ffr.
/6T6sr (olaetncqGesrsar.
fBTsar |pLLG65r6r.
/BTSsr ^LL3/D5r.
ffin&rr GuirGpeir.
Ibneir euGpeii.
Ibnarr QaemhLfGgaeiir.
jbirmr fflLjy9uj@5;uL/G/D65T.
jbnesT <:9/g)/iJi_/G(osBr.
^B/rsJr qpuuG(D65T.
(iv) finesT mnQij gsL-^Cjofiirl
verb accordingly.
(v) {riL?fib <J^gJ/U)685p@ 6u;B^g/.
suitably.
Qurr
(vi) (Tld'fit) ^gUU)6wP@'' SU/BjSg/.
Substitute
usn)
(i) <^6U(5 65)pa)^7Tun-jSgJ@Li-
(ii) {TUJ'fib ^piDstnif <S5@ eu^jS^.
(iii) flsjTffuJujn- 6U;BJST(5.
Lesson 301 279
ueio c%gj/tD6S5f a@ eu^BjSgJ.
fr(T c^pLDemrPa eu/BjSgJ'
^SU([5 6T(5iG CuTig) ?
(Tui'sb cTfBjGa eujB^g/ ?
{ru5'eb cTjS^Glesr lAesifa^ eu/gjs^ ?
an-ff eTjSjsQfflfr LD6sf @u
qjDUUL-L-?
uefu eTjSjsQeir ujessf a@ eu^js^ ?
/BjTiyuJiuir su^Qso.
îreir sujîuguuuQeD.
EX ER C I S ES
given below.
Model: ^suQij Qmair. (send)
(i) jfffsja aen-Qjr ^liiaenn ? (start)
i (ii) ffirfiFVLjiunQas ^ym/asirT ? (send hini off)
(iii) firrm a/rOjr , Gpsir. (drive)
(iv) ^fBiffi ...mj. (get down)
(v) (riti'fib .."c^p U)swPa(g su/B^^- (exactly)
Gu(T(rJ7(y5
GuTsufmiffl
i. Write the words represented by the formula.
Example :. c9fg}fLiL^Ccssresr .a/gyuL/ + Past
(i) euySiujgi/UL/ + Past :
(ii) 6)j/r + Past : ,
Example: Gutrngttf, QUIT + Present
(i) Qaen-ihLj + Present :
(ii) QsetTULf + Present:
(iii) @>LL(5 + Present :
(iv) ^g)/ULj + Present :
(v) uy?ujg)/(jq + Present :
j. Frame questions for the answers given below following the models.
Model A : êbQeo, jBfrear firoGL.6i%@i/@LJ GunaQeo.
Q : ;/E/ 6foGi_6V|>g)/ffi@iJ GunesfiiiaefTir ?
(i) gisbQso, fiirm aarc5@ ^ûuQeo.
(ii) Â)Qeo, fiirm SM(i^m^ 6uy?uj@)juLj(ol60.
(iii) ^djQso,/Birssr usfo 6foi_n-6!(Jr(p@ 6ij[rQso.
Model A : ^mrr, uero fOi_rrii(r(5@!S JBTSOT an-Qjia
QffifiiruqGfljeir.
Lesson 301 281
QaetTui-f(ffima ?
(ii) ^LDiT, <:9/su(!5 65)^^7/ru/rjSg/@i4 jSirsir (cuirîtffr^.
(i) jb!;s=iutuiT eriiiQa Cu/r(27(5 ?
(ii) ^liia /T/f ^tLQrffmiseniT ?
(iii) a_mjffi LDGISSTS)? 2j_mj<s(olsTT 6!niD^(5(g sujûjgyuqigjmjdBOTn- ?
(iv) a_(Bj in(ol6ijr6jS'/6B6rorsu(5 s^miash-t -sufrClsDuj/r ?
(v) ^m/as G/B^g/a afrQsoiiS'Gso ssfl3/TsfOL_g2/@iJ QuiresfiiiaemT,?
V O C A B U L A R Y ?
c9/g)jLJq 'send (a persian off) afrrr 'motor car'
QaenuLf 'start' pL- 'drive'
[Tui'sijGeu -,, suyJujgyL/q 'send a person
efoGL-si^sir 'railway station' off'
6YoGL_6)%6iJr 'station' a=/PujT 'exactly'
6T(DfBi@ 'get down'
G R A M M A R
5.30.107. We inherently understand the presence of a sequence of cases
namely, objective and dative of direction when we use the verbs like cS/gUUi-/
'tend (a person off), g)il 'drive', QaerruLj 'make someone to start' etc. These
verbs are called 'transitive' verbs. They are dealt with in detail in 12.48, 12.49
and 12.50. Example:
5. 30. 107. jBTsir êuQi; Esir* ^ÛLjQesresr.
jbtTOir airQifu uero eroiiremQA^ ^pLL^GpsBr.
fiiiia arrQ^ru uero eroitremQAi^s
QseTTULjrffiiiaerriT ?
5.30.108. -ex is a kind of interrogative marker. When it is added to the
emphatic particle ^nesr it has the function of tag-question (Refer 1.3.12). That
is, in this type of question, the speaker presupposes that what he says is true
and expects the hearer to confirm it. Example:
5. 30. 108. ^rnis uero sfui(r6iwr<B@jS ^nQesr airQi^s
QaefTULfrSiiia ?
dînir. jBiTOiT uero eroiiremQA^^îreiT airQiâ
(olffiCmJL/GjDSBT.
Sandhi : ^ u u + gTSsr > ûu^^n&fr (Refer S. 21 in 3.20)
6S(rGl7 + Gl6n-L/L/(if/5i->s6n-Q7 QaeiruLnSmia (Refer S.20 in 2.17)
sij)jifl3ja!rfrLj/rjSgi(S + Gu/r^^/r > an^/Dg^/ruiTjSgyAQL/ Quittstjâ
uero srUf-ffSBirr* + jSffesruero sfOL_n-ii5r@}SjSir6Br
(Refer S. 18 in 2.14)
U M T 6
LES S ON 31
WRITING HOME ASSIGNMENTS
DI A L O G U E
6D(r ; ^rresr LJITI_U) uiq-a^Qpssr,
G)a=6b6)9 ; ^ effiLQuuiriih erfip^-
ofCeo eT(tpg/C6U6Br....
jr/r^îP ufTiti) u i q- Li -
GlJ65T.-..c9JlJHpib, LJI_U>
eu(o)7Gsii65r----/ff u
@G/D ?
Kala, what are you doing ?
I am reading (my) lessons.
Don't you write the homework ?
No. I will write in the night... When
will you write ?
I will write tomorrow morning... (I)
will read (my) lesson in the night...
Afterwards, I will draw the pictures. ..
What lesson are you reading now?
Lesson 37 / ?83
^Qfi uiq.MC*MU-"r ?
jBcbeoiriJ qrf'uj(Slso....;B)nj3
fiirQerraâ arrQeouSQeo
6îbugju)sii5p(û usfretPa
!.i_ j S<5(Su Gun-
Gsuirinir ?
aeon : sfP, GuirGcuatb.
I am reading the sixteenth lesson.
Will you also read that lesson ?
Noi I will not read the sixteanth
lesson.". I did not understand that
lesson well. Shall we go to the school
at nine O'clock in the morning
tomorrow?
Okay, (We) shall go.
DR I LLS
a. Variation drill
6.31.109. 0uisf.m^Gp.
fiitiD GuirGeimth.
6. 31. 110. fiirm LJLj.a(gGp6sr.
0 erêirr QsîuGp ?
filTOT 6T(Jpg/GU6ST.
0 erdresT QaîuGev ?
6. 31. 111. fineir uirith uisf.Ai^Gpm.
Ibiran n7iluu(n_t) eT(ifi^Geiimr-
;B(T65T uL-ih euQtfGeu^.
6. 31. 112.. ffiirm uiriti uuf-uGudr.
^/Tfiir ULîh euQ^GeueirT.
fiiTon uni-ih uu^maiDiriLGieir,
b. Build up drill
(i) /B/ruD GuirGeunii).
GunCieuiTtL
(ii) lE L;iq.ffi@Gflj.
uuf.a0Gff)
jBiTLD GunGeuirih.-
GunGeuiTih
fiiTiD GuirGeuirih,
Ul(.<5@Gp3
(iii) 0 sTfiSTfisr QffûJGp ?
iS
(iv) firreir si?L.(9uu(ri_ib 6T(ipgj-
Geueir.
era^^Geum
6>?LL(9LJu;n_u5
(v) ^nreir utri_ib uuf-uGusir.
filTSST
(vi) ^(Tsir u/n_ii) iJH}.a
iniTiLGiâiT.
LDITlLGl6Sr
UlTlth
c. Expansion drill
(i) ibnm eT([pg;Gfflj65r.
6i7ilL/u/rL_ih eT(ipgjG6U6or
îT^î? fftijpgiGeMeJT
(ii) jf 6TLJU CT^yigjGsu ?
ffT(tpgjG6U ?
(iii) fimo GuirGeuiTwiT ?
Cu/rGffljTui/r ?
^ (i) u g/ Lo fflraP a G 65 G u nr-
GeuirwiT ?
srrQeouSGeo GuirGeuniatr ?
fiirOenAîli GunQeunuM ?
0 STSBTSBT QffluGp 7
STonssr QaîuGro 7
sTssreffT QffiuGp 7
ffT(lpgjGsU68T
filLJufrL_ti>. sT(tpgjGajssr
^BTSSr 6i?L-tJLJ(rL_li) CT(LpgjG61J65r.
jBUSffT ijJTi_LD unj-uGusir.
UJif-L/Gusir
L/rri_Lb LK^-uGueiT
(BTSsr uiTL-ih ui^-uGudir.
fbireir urrtih LJii).<5d5tDfTLLG(_6Jr.
uKTL-Giesr
uii).cS6aLD/rL-Gi_65r
u/riLD ucâatc/ri-LGisar
jBTsir uiTiih uiq.AaLDmLGL-6ir,
eT(lpg/G6U6BT.
p/rejr eSiLQuuniih srjtpgjGcueat.
ST(lpgjG6U6ST.
rff eruu srîpg/GsiJ ?
jf 6i?LLuu(ri_tb eTLJueTrtpgjGa
fBfrm GunGeumniT 7
GLJTGsMn-iDir ?
^TU3 spiiug/uoswPaGa usirsTPa-
an.i_^gy6B@Li Gu/rGeufTLDfr ?
tbirm airQeouSGso epihuûêssPmGa
USTr6lPiJ_^g/(gtJ
CuirGsu/riDflT 7
/BTuj j6/rQsiTa(gai a/rQsuflJ'Gso
g>mugiU3RrPaBG usrrCTP<ss.i_jS-.
@;^L/ GuffGei/n-iDT ?
r . i LesionStI 285
(i) Q: jg eimm QîuGp ?
A : îrsBT ijiT(_ib uiij.@G/D6sr.
(ii) Q: iff CTLJuiJ urn_tb CT(y)g/Geu ?
A : ^ffeir jBirSlerrao 6r(ipgjCfiU6sr.
(iii) Q: i0 îîfnth uiriih utq.uGuiuiT ?
A : ÂiQeo, /BTSST ^^^âih uiriih uuâamiTiLGisir.
(iv) Q : jBirtfl fi/rQenAÂ siiGiemSGso GuirGeunuin ?
A : a=fP, Gu/rGsuirifl.
(i) j5T65r uaj-iSigGpssr.
accordingly.
$
(ii) finsxsT eT(tpgjG6U3r.
accordingly.
jblTLD
(iii) jBfftfl GuirGeuiTih.
Substitute and conjugate the
verb suitably.
(iv) jff erekesT Qs=iuQp ?
verb suitably.
îru) 6T(ipgjGeuini>.
0mia 6T(tpg/a7iGJa.
cSfGumia 6T(ipgjeufrm<s
fiiTiD GuitGexjiTth.
finiD uL^-uGuaih.
jbiriD îûGuitth.
jbrru) euQ^Geutrth.
fiiTiD eT(ip^Geunib.
fiiTiD Qa^tuGeunih.
2861 An Intemiw Cowst in Tamil
(v) finar i_;u}.aBtifrilGi_6r.
verb accordingly.
^sussr
;S STfiirssr @U). @0{D ?
fiirmia utsÂaLDiTiLQL-iiih.
jbiTLO UK).aii/rL.Gi_nrii).
/ff ui9.aaujffL.G1
^susJr uuÂaiDtiiLiiTssr.
^ 6 U Ul4.<5LD(Ttlt_(r.
^!6U(f5 uisj.at>frili_(r(5.
^6Uf6J uii}.<Biun-LLi_/rn5i.
(i) jB/rsJr uif.<B(gG(D5r.
JBfrsir @Iq.iB(gGrBSBT.
jBTsir sT(tpgjGrD6ijr.
^(TSBT 61/(ol!rG(D65r.
(ii) IbTSST Ulq.|gG(D6ffr.
Ibireir @L).ig6@G(D6W.
fBnssr 6T(y)g;G(D65r.
(iii) /B/reir ufri_tjb uir).uGu6BT.
jbiT&ir UL-ih euQirGsusir.
^(TSJr 6i?LLuufri_Lb
eT(tpg/GsUS5T.
(iv) ;BT6JT uiii suGlirGsi/eJr.
rcirsir uiriih uuf-uGuesr.
sT(ipjG6U6Jr.
jB/rsBT uii).uGu6aT.
;6T6r @ij).uGu6Br.
^TSJr 6T(ipgyG6U65T.
^BTsir fiuQjrGsiisir.
ffresrsirr QffuJG^) ?
(f ersirsisr Qa'ujQro ?
ffTsJrsor QffuJGpj ?
/ff STSSTSST (o)ffUJGU ?
eremesr (O1<FUJGSU ?
JBTS5T ui_Lb ei;Gl(ruju3/TLLGu-6ffr.
/BTSJr uffL-tfl ULj.a5LDfrtlGi_6Br.
LD(TLLGl_6Br.
EX ER C I S ES
given below.
Model: êrsirsijT Gpj ? (do)
0 b-ribresT QîuQro ?
Lesson 31 / m
(i) fistasT unt-th A^Qpesr. (read)
(ii) fiirm siiTQeou3Geo Qeudnr. (write)
(iii) /B/Tsir uL-ih Qeuek. (draw)
(iv) cWiBiSLi uftL-di eresraû UJCSO. (understand)
(v) /BTcir u^.@Gp65r. (lesson)
(vi) ibiTSST er(ipg/CJ6Ufisr. (homework)
(vii) /B/rcBT cuGlirCeuOTT. (picture)
(viii) jsn-OTT erîpg/Gsueir. (tomorrow)
rbiresr GuirGeuiTih
uuûGu
ST(tpgjGsU65r
i. Fill in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated forms (future) of the
verb eT(ipgi 'write'.
(i) 0 ereiresr
(ii) ibTW
(iii) ^frsir uniih
(iv) fiiTiiia
j. Fill in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated forms (future negative)
of the verb uu^ 'read'.
(i) /BTSwr ^(ejffffiii urriih
(ii) IblTW IÎT^^lP
(iii) iS uiTiih
k. Frame questions for the answers given below following the models.
Model ; A", ^brreir urrL-ih utr).Si(^GrDesr.
(i) /B'rejr îââth ufTiih uuf-Ar^Grosir.
(ii) (BfreJr ^sfrfflsTraiga anQeouS'Qec sTjipg/GeijdT.
(iii) fBTsir 'ût-iroih ULih evQijGsijesr.
Model : A: ./BTSJT i;rT^îP sT(jpgjCsu5T.
Q: /f sTuu er(ipiGs\j ?
(i) /BTSJr rbrtQena>(g, euQjGeum.
(ii) jbrreir airQeouSGeo urriih uuf.uGueiT.
(iii) rbireir arrQecuSGsO uin-AaiuanL-Gieit.
1. Change these sentences as in the example.
Example ; fiirdn' L/Ji).<ss@0flj6sr.
JBirSBT UlI).LlGu9r.
(i) fiireit CTcjpg/GjDSBr.
(ii) jbiT^ ojQijrGpaiT.
(iii) ^(Tfiir OauJCjDsir.
(iv) fiiTLD GuirQîh.
m. Write the words represented by the formulae.
Example : GuirGaiirih Gun + Future
(i) ui^. + Future :
(ii) GldSff + Future :
(iii) + Future :
(iv) eT(ipg/ + Future :
(v) 6uQ[r + Future ;
Example: utîawnCGieir uiq. + Future neg.
(i) fiT(ipgj + Future neg ;
(ii) 6IJGI7 + Future neg ;
(iii) + Future neg :
(iv) QsnQ + Future neg :
(v) evn + Future neg :
Example: uiq.Aa unj. + Inf.
(i) Qair + Inf. :
(ii) + Inf. ;
(iii) eun + Inf. ;
(iv) eT(ipg/ + Inf ;
(v) Qa'iu + Inf. ;
(vi) euQjr + Inf. ;
(i) 0mia anQeouSGeo uuf.a^rffmigxnn ?
(ii) jffm/a jTfTjSjS'P ffi"cy)g/S''Bi6ir/r,?
(iii) ^(Bj<35 ^ u u er^îs)ih untîh uin-A^nSiiis ?
(iv) ^liirn sr^^QesT ujsroPaotJ LJsfrsrf'..i_i5gi@L] Gunffffiiia ?
{v) jgm]a Gjb^^ a^L-Quuniih eT(ii^Qsoujn ?
(vi) fiiiia snQeouS'Geo eranesr Qaîu&Siiia ?
(vii) fifiis ij<ol!r(5*(S1ifi/ry5' uuj-utf (aaarrT ?
V O C A B U L A R Y
Lesson 31 j 289
Qffiu 'do' urriih 'lesson'
uu). 'read' 6ifLLiJu(n_ijb 'homework'
^CfPSf 'write' uith 'picture'
cuGljr 'draw' q/P 'understand'
G R A M M A R
6.31.109. This-Unit mainly deals with objective casein general and future
tense in particular. As we have seen earlier in 5.27.97 the finite verb in
Tamil establishes a relationship with its subject in terms of person,
number and gender indicated by the pronominal suffixes. This lesson
introduces the pronominal suffixes -ej and -gjtb. Their occurrence in
the finite verb is conditioned by the subjects if 'you (sg)' and (gfrm ' we (excl.
pi.)' respectively. This may be represented as follows.
(f -6J
Example :
6. 31. 109. 0 uuÂ^Qp.
jbrnp (SuirCSeuiTih.
6.31.110. 6TSST6ST Qîu is a verb form which questions any verb in a state-
ment. Like other verbs this is also conjugated for all tenses in all persons. See
the following examples.
6. 31. 110. iS eresresT QaîuQp) ?
6.31.111. Before going into the details of the future tense mention may be
made about the objective case. The objective case is that which obligatorily
needs the presence of a transitive verb in the predicate. This objective case is
expressed by a noun and the case marker -er (Refer 3.20,74),
Unlike other cases, the use of this case is restricted only to denote an object of
action expressed by a transitive verb. That is, the transitive verbs like uuf.
'study', suQiT 'draw', eT(ip^ 'write'etc., identify the noun and the objective case
marker as their object. Let us now consider the following sentences.
6. 31. 111. /BTssr uiTiih uuÂ^CSpan:
ffiiteisT eSC^(SuuaLih STijpgiGsi/eJr.
In the sentences 6.31.111, as we know, uniih 'lesson', e)^L-(SuuiTL.Lb 'home-
work' and ui_LD 'picture' are the objects required by the transitive verbs uuf.
'study', sT(L)i 'write' and suCljr 'draw' respectively. But no case marker is
found in objects. We may say thit the objective ca.se marker is covertly
expressed in these sentences and the condition for this may be that it is not
obiitgatoiy to add the objective case marker if a noun refers to an inanimate
object.
6.31.112. -uu- and -oj- are the future tense markers and they are imme-
diately added to the strong and weak verb stems respectively. Example:
6. 31. 112. fiirm urriih uisûQum.
fintm utth fiuQirCsueJr.
Unlike the present and past tense negative the future negative has two kinds
of forms. Of them, the first kind of negative occurs with human nouns. It is
expressed by infinitive, the negative marker -mrrilL.- and the pronominal
suffix. Example:
6. 31. 112. /B/Tsir uiriih uixf-AamiTL-Gi^^.
Sandhi : eT({pg(olu + ^ y ST^tpjsQgoujn-
ui^-uGu + c% uu^-uGuiuiT (Refer S. 8 in 1.5)
fiirOenA^ + anQeouSGeo > fiirQerrAÂ airQead'Geo
erresrAj^ + q/PujQso STSSTAÛ L/zPiuQeu
u6fr6TPshLt_jSgl@ + GurrGeuRLDiT > umefPAoi-L-^Âû
Gu/rCevirus/r ? (Refer S. 18 in 2.14)
.SI/BiS + UTi_ijb -^cSj/BjSiJ uniih (Refer S.4 in 1.2)
UNI T 6
LES S ON 32
AT THE TIFFIN HALL
DI A L O GU E
6u/r.../B(J*iiJuJT jffiHJa
Look (here) server, what tiffin (do
you have) ?
Idli and Vada, Puri and potato curry
and Uppuma are (available), sir.
Will Idli be hot ?
No, (it) will not be so hot; (but) it
will be tolerably hot.
Alright, bring one plate of Idli and
Vada for me-. Mr. Narasaiah, what
would you (like to) eat?
(bifO'iutuiT: ^:9jiJiJiE.65r(gB)..,a:a6U(T .1
G^nQa^ QairQ.
a=/TU)U/r/f Cajîcff,
(5{r6i^ : a=mi)Lj/T(T QdBfr...
Qa/r.
tfirsuii : ggsro suirLlizr. ^QcS
Iq-aOflJ^BJaSTTT ?
*G(rffl% ; i 9= (P, Qffi/T...c9)(oljsCuj
îm-a^Gfom.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
6. 32. 113. ELLAS' SriTini;!! ^(âîi).
Atlas' ^L-ff @(5a(gtfln- ?
^L-e& ffift ^((jaarrg/.
6. 32. 114, /BTSsr cSjQjSa (gixj-a^Gpsir.
jf (B<a ^QiSa @ii).aig/iS'(Bjasrr/T ?
6. 32. 115. /ff LyGsml ^LLCTSI euQi Q&irem(Ss^rr-
^L-e&, sufft-, y,fP Qa{pfBj(S â^gi.
b. Build up drill
I will eat one Masala Dosa... How
is Masala Dosa here ?
(It) will be good.
If it is so... Server! give me one
Masala Dosa.
Sir, do you want Sambar or Chutney ?
Give Sambar (to me) Give (me)
some water too.
This is ice water. (Would you like
to) drink this ?
Ahight, give (that)... (I) will drink
the same.
(i) ^L.e& au)(T!r/r ^(j^s^th.
^,^3a(Sli)
@tl6lS>
(ii) îLs& î_(r g|(f5aa(rg/.
^(âairgj
îLeff aLD/Tjr/r ^(ijaigii,
@(!5a(Tgj , . .
g)t_rr ^(jaafTgy
Lesson 32/ 293
(iii) /Birsjr ^QÂ @ir).iS@G(D65r.
JBTfiBT
c. Expansion drill
(i) ffinek @L).a@Gp65r.
(ii) ;f (Hj (giq.@3f ra/asrrn- ?
^Qjsa iq-ao/iymjdBsiTfr ?
(iii) ^CeS îT ^(56B/rg/.
cS/si/susrrsi/ ^(_(T ^{jjaan-g/.
(iv) ^ GlafTSBBT 6UT.
SVlGll QiSfrSllBT SUfT
6^(5 L?GsrrLL (olan"65!(T(56U(r
IbiresT ^GIjsGuj @iq.(gG{D6Br.
;ffmJ6s igii).d5@^mfaen-T ?
0 6u(oli_ Glas/reiwr eu/r.
j!(5 liiGsirtl Sties' euQi-
(ola5nr6!rar6UT.
(i) Q
A
(ii) Q
A
^tlaSi 6u(oli_, y,fP Gl{pfEi@, ffi-L/qiD/r ^c5a@gj-
(i) ;fffwffi 6T6ST6r ^nuiSfQjjSiii^ ?
Substitute and ch-nge the verb
accordingly.
(ii) ^tlsiS *iiiT(r/r ^c5(S">'
Substitute
êuiGis srmssT 9nui3(S^Ki& 7
files' Glurf'uJiSir ^(5@tfl.
("0 ^ C PS " ^L_rr ^(gaairg/.
Substitute
euQi
SL-ULfWIT
iD*ff6b G^frQiF
Substitute
*ll6ffP
(i) firrm ^Qâ @ii).@,C{D6Br.
(ii) ^LLS& g,i_/r @c5@g;.
y,/P î_nr âog j .
(iii) îLeff g,t_(r ^sigu).
6u(oli_ ffrinni^n ^(5<s@tp.
y,/P g,i_/r âa/rg/.
&_rGiaig]!$<9s@a afrii> Gsuîriff ?
0mia ^Qû uuf-A^rSiiiasfTiT ?
E X E R C I S E S
given below.
Model: ^(5@gJ- (Vada, a cake of black gram)
(i) ^@gi- (Idli)
(ii) (Puri) "
(iii) (Uppuma)
(iv) ..Gev^wiT ? (Chutney)
, (v) QeuîDiT ? (Sambar, a sauce prepared'with dhall)
(vi) ...........ffiT. (wafer)
(vii) ^mi erssrm- ^mts ? (eat)
Lesson 32 / 295
(viii) îLeS .- ^ a o i c . (tolerably)
(ix) f i l e s ' ^(!5ai@tD(r ? (hot)
h. Fill in the blanks using the a^jpropriate conjugated forms (future) of the
verb 'be'.
(i) ^L-e& 3iUi!Tljn
(ii) y,fP Qasyj/B/ g,i_/r
(iii) ai-L/qiDT fieoeon
i. Fill in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated forms (future negative)
of the verb 'be'.
(i) ^tLe& euQi gsL_/r.....^
(ii) y,/P Q{pmi@ Srmnijn
(iii) 2_tJL/ti/T ffi&)eon
Model A : ^Ce& ^^(ggj.
(i) 6\j(oli_ ^(5@gj.
(ii) y,/? Qs.\fim@
(iii) a_iJL/u)ff ffi@g/' .
Model A : ^tLs0 Sriantjn ^^mîh.
(i) @il6i9 suQi ^L_(r @{5(gir).
(ii) iia=(r6bOjS(r(o)s= /BsbsOfr @(f5<sB(gii.
(iii) a^-uqifl/r Srinrriîr â^m.
Model A : êbGleo. îlei? ^cLsueirsi/ î_(r ^ a a i r g / .
Q: îls(9 g,L.T ^fÂasînir ?
(i) êbQSD. 6u(oli_ êbeueira^ fimeoir ^ cj aai r g j .
k. Change these sentences as in the example.
Example : îLeff îir ââiîh.
(i) ^L-e& atc/rjr/r ^c5a@ii).
(ii) LD*Tsl)G;sn-Qa= /Bsbeo/r ^ a g j t b.
1. Write the words represented by the formulae.
Example: ^(iÂîb ^(j + Future
(i) Uif. + Future : '
(ii) Glair + Future;
(iii) + Future :
m.
Example : ^^sanrgi ^((5 + Future neg.
(i) Q&n + Future neg.;
(ii) (giq. + Future neg.;
(iii) uii). + Future neg.;
(i) SL./Ei6Bigi5(S(g ^Ce& siiQi iSu^&iûnr 1
(ii) Si_/Bja(gr5@a= afribu/r/r Lftq-aoui/r ? ^^tlcijP LS'^.aîD/r ?
(iii) jfmicSB asTGleOiifCep eresreisr s'lrud^Qfîiia ?
(iv) 2i_(Eia pBTsfoisbCSso îLeS îir ^(gajgin/r ?
(v) Gsjaj/rilisbGeu SL-uquin- ^(5@LDff ?
(vi) fUDireiou-AiQeo inaîreiGîrQ^' ^sbscrr @(j5(gu)T ?
(vii) 0mia sirQsouSGeo ggaroeu/nliir @ii).@(iJmiffi6n"ir ?
(viii) 2_mj aftlOGeo Gg/r(Sl<sF eruuiq. ^([ffAîh ?
V O C A B U L A R Y
LSIGOTLL
iDfffrebGjS/rSlff
fflTLDUITir
'tiffin'
'Vada, a cake of
black gram'
'a curry prepar-
ed out of pota-
toes and onions'
'hdtness'
'plate'
'masala Dosa,
a kind of rice
cake prepared
with curry
stuff'
'Sambar, a sauce
prepared with
dhall'
'drinking water'
a_uqir)/r
artn/r^/r
'Idli, a kind of
cake prepared
by steaming a
dough of rice
and black gram.
'Puri, a confec-
tionary prepared
out of wheat
flour'
'Uppuma, a pre-
paration of flour
cooked with salt'
'tolerably'
'eat'
'if that is so'
'a relish for food
(chutney)'
rOsu(rilL_(t 'ice water'
Lesson 32 / 297
G R A M M A R
6.32.113. -lb is the future tense marker which is immediately added to both
strong and weak verb stems when non-human nouns occur as subjects.
Example:
6. 32. 113. ^L_6i9 artcffjrir ^(5<5@ib.
Note that there is no pronominal suffix in the above sentences. The suffix -m
denotes the agreement between the subject and predicate and the future tense
marker. ' We noticed in the lesson (6.31) that the future negative has two
kinds of forms and the first kind of negative occurs with human nouns (Refer
6.31.112). The second kind of negative occurs with non-human nouns. It is
expressed by verb stem (strong or weak), the negative marker and the
pronominal suffix -g;. Example:
6. 32. 113. .^1161? î_(r ^(jaa/rgj.
6.32.114. The objective case marker -sr is obligatory when a transitive verb
identifies a pronoun as its object. Example:
6. 32. 114. ^/rssr c9j(ol<z @L).a@(J(D65r.
6.32.115. In Tamil, several nouns may be sequenced one after another without
any conjunctive particle if they are semantically related. Example:
6. 32. 115. 0 gj iSGinC îlsfi 6uGli_ Q[&nem(Q^n.
^lists' 6ij(oli_, yjfP G)<95{pfEiig
Sandhi: (gti^.a^^J'/E/ds + > (QUf-Ai^nffmJseTTiT (Refer S.19 in 2.14)
^(SljS + (gi).(S@fif(EicS56rrfr * ^Q<s (gU).aB@jiyfHifiTr/r ? .
s_mj6EîS@ + <=(ribu/rff ^ 2i_(6ii5B(g5i5(g* */rir)Ljn'(r (Qeu^nvDir 7
Refer S.18 in 2.14)
UNI T 6
LES S ON 33
BUYING A SAREE
DI A L O GU E
aineoiT: QuniQeu Gevîh.
<s(o)i_<sn'{r9T: SL.saiT(if)mis..^Q^-
U(g)(r6fl) uiL(û Quiri^-
Qeursia . . . ^QgbeOTU)
GsotliefDil en jbeo IT esT
en fieo Aek) eioiriPima...
I2_rGi65|gr^<S{g 6TgJ
Please come, what do (you) want ?
(I) want sarees.
Please sit down... These are all
Kanjeevaram and Banaras silk sarees,
madam . Those are all the latest
(modern) nylon and nylex sarees ...
Which one do you want ?
smeoiT s eT6B7-@u uiLQuQuir-
agauqu ULL(5L/ G1UTI _ -
QeuQtu ffTQiiia.
aQiAaiTijm: ^fi^nmia-^fiû
Qum-QeuQaJiLfLb
aioeoir: tS/g/ Qeuemu-trih.
aQiAsiTijssr: [Siiia er^û QUITL.
QeuQiu euniii^^mia ?
aiDSOiT : ibireir f B^J USFQS'U
QurriQsiiQiu euiriii^-
C336sr....ffr65r65r QeuQeo?
gn-jS^^TULJgi@g
gC(27U)...6T(5J.
DR I LLS
a. Variation drill
6. 33. 116.
6. 33. 117.
b. Build up drill
(i) 0mi& tS/^BsSU (olufTL-GlsuSluJ
CT(Bi<SB.
GluTiSlsuGliu
Lesson J3 / 299
I want silk sarees... Please take that
black silk saree.
Please see this- Please see this saree
too.madam.
(I) do not want that (saree).
Which saree do you buy ?
I buy this green saree. How much
does (it) cost ?
We sell this saree for one hundred
and fifty rupees... We will give you
for one hundred and forty... Please
take, madam.
Please take this money. Give (me)
the bill.
0mis t^jBjSLi LJLL(5LJ QuiriQeuQuj erQiiia.
0ms& ST/B^LJ QuniQsuQiu euniii^^mia ?
0ms& tSj/BjZLJ QuniQeuQuj
6T(5(BJ<
QuiTL^QeuQiu erQiiis
/ffnsjs cSZ/BiSLi Qu/ri_(aleu(aluj
' LUgJiTfift) UL-OuQufTL^GIsu.
uil
c. Expansion drill
(i) jbn^ euiTiis^Gpm.
(ii) ;ffm/a ST(B/.
(iii) .^QêbeoiTih srOff/P.
QeoiLt-siotL aon^
QunL-Qeu.
U(gff)(r6o UL.uGlu/rL_Qisu
^Gljasbeofrii) a/rcffji^L/jrii), Uiîjeto
ULLIJQLJ/TI_(O1SIJ.
0mia ffTnB/ffi.
f?(BJ<S C3>/;BÛ UL1U (o)u(ri_(o1i5U(o)uj
ero/TfP.
Ô^fibeOTii) G60L_i_sroil snjBSOiresr,
6ro;B606Ji> sruir/P.
(i) Q : suiTiiia, eresrm Qeuîh ?
(ii) Q: , a_mi(gr5is@ ergj Gevjûih ?
A: ersOTs c9/iB<s apuHu ULLijQuai_QsiJ GsiJ^ti.
(iii) Q jffmja er^jSU QufriQsuQiu eviriii^nSiiia ?
A : jBfreJr @/B<su ui=<ol<?=iJ QuirL-Qsi/Qiu 6u(rm;@Gp6ir.
(i) ;f fEj* erfiû QurrL-QevQuJ
accordingly. "- '
eru/TiP ' ' ' .-.^
0mia sTjBjSU QufTL-QsuGliu
(ii) @Qj86b0(ru5 enfieonm eioiriP.
Substitute
(iii) ^/resT- ^/Bû uffGla=u
Substitute
QciisrrQsTT
(i) ffrswaigu uilu <O1U(TI_(S1SU
T6sr<S(g mfioiir&r aoiri?
Geuî/iri.
(ii) jbireir ^p>û QuirtQeuQiu
/B/rsBT OTfBSOfTsir
0(T/P(oluj 6T(5@Gp6ir.
jbireir ^/BjZ sw/BSOasif
TU/r(PQuj 6Ufr(B/@CJjDsr.
Lesson 33 / 301
fiiiia 6T/Bjsu uiTs\]nQtG)uj
euiriii^^mia 7
jSiiis ffT/BjS SQirAQaiLQi
euirmii^gSiiia ?
fiiiia er^BiSiB îreuemPQiu
euiTiii^^rsja ?
^Qêbeoirih emfieoirm eioiriP.
^QÂ)eoiriii etnsbeoAero ertiiriP.
^GliSsbeOTLD aiTi^SLfifih srUfrfP.
^Q^êoirib ui^êiv eionif.
^Qêbeomb uiLQ erUfr/P.
jbireir ^ J B { B U USFQS'U Quiri-
QeuQuj eniTiii^QjDeir.
[birmr^p,^ QeuerrQefru Quiri-
QeuQiu euiriii^Gioeir.
jbirsir ^/BjSff (ol<FULJL/LJ QLJ TI _ -
^ffsjr ^ ^ j B ;ffsou Qu/riQsuQuj
/BfTsir ^ ; B J S in^s'efr QuiriQeuQiu
euiriiu^Qpeir.
jbrreir ^fiÂ a pu L / u (olL/fri_-
QeuQiu einrmne^Gpeir.
ffi_/BJ(g[5a@ erg/ C6K@aii ?
tL-iiisiQÂ^ ergi GciiÛLo ?
/fffBjas STjBjStJ (olu/riQffljQuj
euirmi^rffiiia ?
0mis er/BjS SD/Beofrsjr snJfr/PGIuJ
0!iia erfi^ enjbSOAeio eroirifQiu
siJiTiii^^wja ?
EX ER C I S ES
g. Fill in the blanks using the cuss given in parentheses as in the model
given below.
Model; ^Qêoeonih ani^Su^tfih QLj/ri_(o1su/Ej.
(silk)
(i) ^ffiîTiiia (money)
(ii) c5//Bia uilij Qum-QeuQiu ffT(5(Eja. (black)
(iii) iBfTfiir ^/Bû QuiriQeuQuj 6u/Tra@Gjr)6Jr. (green)
(iv) jtrriiis (JJU/HUISB^ eiffm^G(irjib. (one hundred and fifty)
(v) a_/E/a5(T5<s5(g (IT)UIJIUA^^ ^Qinjih.
(one hundred and forty)
(vi) ^/BjS apuqu utLQu QuwiQeuQiu tiia. (take)
(vii) ^^û QuiTL-QsiiQiuiLjih-. rsis. (see/have a glance)
(viii) 0tii& sTfiû QuiTiQeuQiu ^liia 7 (buy)
h. Transform the fJUO ving singular non-honorific imperatives into singular
honorific imperatives.
(i) 0 Qa/T.
(ii) iS er.
(iii) 0 euiTiiii^.
(iv) 0 urr^r^.
i. Frame questions for the answers given below following the models.
Model A : ffreira ^^-sa apuqu QuiriQen Gevîh.
Q: a_(Eia(gi5a(g sTgj Geuûih 7
(i) ersura ^/Bû ua=Q(5FiJ QuiriQeu Qevîb.
(ii) ffT65ra(S sm/BSOasfo storri? Geuîh.
Example: QuntQeuQiu QuniQsu + Objective
(i) eroniP + Objective :
(ii) utl + Objective:
(iii) anri^Sq^th + Objective :
(iv) aTfUiTiu -1--Objective: .....
k. Answer these questions. '
(i) 0mi& _f5/a tcGl6OTSi5'a@u LJiliJ QuniQeu euniiiig)rffruamn7
(ii) a(p)i_a/r!r6sr ^ 0 ^ u uffGlffu QUITL.QenQiu eTjS^Glcsr
Q5u/ruja@ 6)9iî!r}m 7
Lesson 33 / 303
(iii) a^mia tnGlssrsiS'a^ (JsOLli_sfOil mêoAeiO stOiriP
suiriii^siSiiiseniT ?
(iv) s2_r6i<K^(g gULJqu ULLQLI (O1UITI_G16L/ L5'L).(gu)nr ?
V O C A B U L A R Y
ul(5 'silk'
GSULLL-STULL 'latest'
cin^soff sir 'nylon'
'nylex'
srUfr/P 'sari'
'black'
'take' Ufr(5 'see/have a
'buy, purchase' 'green'
'one hundred 'sell'
and fifty'
'one hundred uemih 'money'
and forty'
L3A> 'bill'
G R A M M A R
6.33.116. It was said in lesson 6.31 that the objective case iriarker is optional if
a noun refers to an inanimate object. But it is almost obligatory when an
inanimate object is preceded by any demonstrative adjective. Example'
6. 33. 116. 0mim cSy/Bû uiL(û QunL-QeiiQiu erQiiia.
/BTfiir ^/B^LJ LJs=(ola=iJ GlufTiGlsuGluj euiriEi^Gpeir.
6.33.117. InTamil, several attributes may be sequenced one after another before
a noun without any conjunctive particle if they are semantically related (Refer
6.32.115). Example:
6. 33. 117, ^QâiediTih airi^^Lj^th, u^jjrsfo uiLQili QuiriQsu.
^Qêbeoiriit enjbeoiresr, esyjbeoseki eroiri?.
Sandhi: + srebeofrii) > ^Qêbecirih
^gi + ffrebeoiTih > ^Qâieoirih (Refer S.3 in 1.2)
L / L L + QuniQeu > uiLQuQuniQsu . ,
sTfifi + QurriQeu >eT0û QUITL.Qeu
uJGl* + QufTL-Qeu u#Q#iJ QUITL-QSU (Refer S.4 in 1.2)
UNI T 7
LES S ON 34
RECEIVING A TELEGRAM
DI A L O GU E
aGiTsj^ ; ertiiQa ? ...^QjS ereir-
Suresh! (It seems) that Mrs. Ramu
is coming from Mysore tomorrow
evening.
Is that so ? How do you know ?
Look! (Here is) Ramu's telegram.
Where (it is)... Please show it to me.
Please take this... Will you please
show this to Kamala madam ?
Lesson 341 305
Alright, (I) will show (it to her)...
Where are you going now ?
Now I am going to the Institute.
(It seems that) Professor (Sundaram)
is in thelnstitute.Please inform this
news to him also...I will tell Kamala
madam.
Alright! Shall I take leave of you ?
iSrCjJffl^ : i9=rf', 6BfrSBilTLS'<S@C(D65r...
/ffm/ ÛU ffT(B/G<B
SiLQi-iLiih QîPeîiia...
DR I LLS
a. Variation drill
7. 34. 118. 0!ijs ^Qjsa aixisu/r îhuîreiÂ^m
0mis (3<s=jS(oluj ^6U{5@ti (olg/PsiS'iB/a.
/ff(5j tS/QjS eTOTr<s@ 6B/ril(5i/5is5.
7. 34. 119. /fffBJ6B ^(o)g amfio/r ^^s/ixsmfrîKolL-a
0mia Ga=0Gliu cSieu(!f)SiLQtiL)Lb GlgrPsiS'mj*.
(ol<F(rfibg2yGfl3BT.
7. 34. 120. iBeroeh) <frT(ip euijijmaeninh.
b. Build up drill
(i) jbiresT Qa^fiQiua aweoit
(ola=(r6bg2/Gp365r
6i^@j OffffsbgjjGjDSJr.
G1<=(r6b@2/G(Dssr
G(D6sr
Gs^^QiuA <xu)Oir cîi>LDfrfii/a^
(oldFirebgjiGpfin-
sjÂ* QjfffflJgyGpesr.
(ii> /fffija ej^SiLQi-&
airiLQiiia.
/ffB/iS
(iii) (3ucrn-#(Puj((5 ^ssrsrutt).-
^SSTsfctrj, U). yj, LL (5C 60
c. Expansion drill
(i) 0mia QîPsiS'fEws.
(ii) jffHffi airemiS'AiîffriiaerTiT ?
a5(rffliiirL5'<S(gfi5''H/a6iT(r ?
@f!f m srrrr ?
^ L J u a iSBir6infrL5'i5@ji?(Bja6TTT ?
(iii) iJ?6r06ro ijrtQji euiQtmaeninh.
u^nQeouSQeo euinjiiiaeirtrih
rtnQsnAi^ eutnjmiaeiTiTih
a5ffLL@'EJ<S5
ffT65ri^LL(oli_iS6 afriL/BJa
GuifiTîPiucr^ ^6iT5ibuf.tsîîLQGeo
^swefoiq. (1). jy, LL Geo ^ (5aig(2?!r/T tb
Guir/r^rf'iuc^ ^ssr sr oiq. Geo
0mia (o1^fPffl9mi6B.
Gl^/PeiS'mjffi.
fBja arreimLâ^rif miaerrrr ?
0iiia ^/B^^ ^^^QiuA (SBLOfiO/r
ÎLLDITSL-QIS siremiSA^-
^miserriT ?
rSlil^STT ?
iBeiveio ijnQfi euinjiiiaemiih.
iBeioeki i;iT(ip lUfrGlsoui'Gso
ffUtnjmiaefTiTth.
iBetoek) ijnQfi /B(T(olsTra@
LDffGleoui'Gso su^mAeirnih.
d. Question-Answer drill'
(i) Q: a_mjis6ig5(g enJuiq-g QjS/Piqii ?
A : ^GgT .' 7fr(ipG6UfrQi_ ^JBJS.
(ii) Q: ^Qâ ainsoir cS^tbiDn-eijffioa dSfrerorLf'a^jifrBjaennr ?
A : fffP, TSSni'<B@G/D6B7.
Lesson 34 / 307
(i) 0mia sTfijr@ arriLQiiis.
accordingly.
fiiTiiia
c9/siis5r
(ii) 0mis ioT6STSL-QIA airiLQiiia.
Substitute and chnnge the noun
accordingly.
^sum/as
(iii) fBTssr rr6WTti'(g<3(D6ar.
verb suitably.
Utq.
&^
GldSfT
er
(iv) jUTeir ûuu GufrQroesr.
Substitute
wtrQeCaSiQeo
(v) êuiBis, GUifrjm&efTinb.
verb accordingly,
Guff
^ f f
(i) ibireir siremiS'A^GiDein:
/BffsJT Q(?ff6bgyG(D5r.
f&ffsur
^/Hia 6T^@5(g<5 ffifftl/5/a.
/ffraa ^sugyajga afftl^mja.
|f raa c5HU(r5@a ffilifi;a.
ffiB/a c9JgJ@a ffLLmjffi.
0iiis STS5TI^L-(O1L-<5 affLlmi.
STfaja^tKb L_ ffLLrejffi,
/:f(s/ffi @SUS5T<^L1(?(_ ffLLmi.
jSiiia êu(iT,SiLQi-.Si affL-@m/.
^^SiLQuA fftlmi.
tbrreir affsssTLpa^G^jeir.
/BffSOT (ol^/PsiS'a^GfDsiT.
^ff65T uii).@Gp6aT. '
^ff657 (olff(gG/D65r.
/BffSBT er@G(D6sT.
/Bffsir ûuu GuffG/DSffr.
(Bfffflir tfsirQeouS'Geo GutrGpm.
/Bffsir ^6i)irr(o)6B5rigu GuffGpssr.
^ffsjr' (rffjS^fP GuffGfDsir.
cSjeu/s/a su((ryfBJafflrrfftr).
0mia airemiSA^pîiiaenn ?
jSmis GliFffsiJgjjpynsjasrrff ?
jfm; Gl<sff's)5'a(g(iS'(B/STrff ?
EX ER C I S ES
given below.
Model: iBeioeio ifrrqfi eutnjmiaerrnih. (in the evening)
Wetueh) (rrrcip wjQeouS'Gsc etiarjisiaeirrrih.
(i) ^GîT ! !r(r(tpCsun-QL_ (telegram)
(ii) ^fBjS* <o.iu ^GU^SiLCitnih QîPoSmim. (news)
(iii) cS/GlfS ffT65f<îlQi_a...i liia. (show)
(iv) ^CljS* Loso/r .^LOii(Tsi/a@as a(g)iffimaerTn ? (show)
(v) ^JBiS= Gs'^Qtu êU(rf,SiLQtU-fih... (inform)
(vi) jbiisir ameoiT ,sithiDnSL-Qi Qpeir. (say)
h. Change these sentences as in the example.
Example : cSj<o!jS eresraâ mmL(Qmis.
(i) ^JBjS* GcF^toluj Q9/fiiJ(!5@iS QjS'PsiS'iBia.
(ii) ^GljSii atoeoir <:9<ii)LD/r6ija@i iS6(r6wn"LjS'(S@{iymJ6Bsrr/r ?
(iii) /BfTSBT ^Gljsa dsiasOT ^tiixursâ* QsFireo^Gpm.
Example : âifP^SiLQL- c9/6U(5 + Locative
(i) rbireir + Locative ;
(ii) jbiriiia + Locative :
(iii) 0 + Locative :
(iv) 0mia -f- Locative
(v) êuiiia + Locative :
(vi) h Locative ;
j. Include the indirect object form of the item given in parentheses as shown
in the example.
Example : jSiiia ^Q^m aiTL-Qiiis. (jB/rsir)
(i) 0rii& ^(o)g (r6OTrLS'@jif,ffiiaTr(T ? f p-n-jSiriitnir)
(ii) 0mis ^jBjS* G^^Qiu^ QîPeiSmis. (êuaf))
(iii) fineir ^QjS* Q^/rsbguGiDsir. (cSjsi/mia)
k. Combine the following sentences as in the model.
Model : 0iiia QjSfPsiS'nsidB-
cS/su Gu!r(r#/Puj(5.
Lesson 34 / 309
(i) 0!B1^ ffTSSr<5tl(o)l_<B (SB/ril(5/EJ. .
(ii) (f (Ej a/r6MTLS'(g(i3''5;65Tr(r ?
(iii) jbiresT Qa'ireb^Gpek.
Ga=i5.
(i) cS/gJ lunGijirQi ^(BJ ?
(ii) ^sBJrQssirraîriffQsouJ'Gso a_raja5 =^#ff'uj(5 s_mj cS^Glnja
eu(njijrT ?
(iii) /fmj sifilSiuufn^Q^^ êsr^Qîrgiiih a_(Ei<35 c^^/Puj((5-
(iv) êiTek)iif.Uf.^j,iLQQeou3(!T)fi^ Qinnêoirsu^ SLnsjaiSTja ^/Sjfi
(v) ^fEj iDfrQsooi'CfiU erraGa Quirr^rsis ?
VOCABULARY
iBerOeio 'Mrs'
^GîT .' 'Look!'
aiTiLQ 'show'
^ssTeh)uû^^J,LLQ 'institute'
Qîfe^ 'inform'
GRAMMAR
7.34.118. In the lessons 2.14, 3.19-23, 5.28-30, 6.31 and 6.33 we dealt with
various uses of a noun and the case marker -@/-a_ffi@/-c9)ia5. In this Unit
the other meanings and uses of the same form are explained in three lessons
(7.34, 7.35 and 7.36). Consider the following sentences.
7. 34. 118. jffEia cS/Gl^ sTsirffiâ siTiL(Stsis.
The transitive verbs like airil 'show', Gl^/Psi? 'inform'etc., identify the noun
and the objective case marker as their object as we mentioned earlier. This
object may be called direct object. In addition to this, unlike the sentences
6.31.111, 6.32.114 and 6.33.116, these sentences have a noun and the
case marker -a/ -S-a/ -59/a@ to denote indirectly another object of
l)/T(ol6t)UJ'G60
Gff^
'in the evening'
'is it so ?' '
'telegram'
'show' ^
'news'
'say'
action that is expressed by the same set of verbs. This object may be called
indirect object, e.g., ersin-ffi 'me-to', ^su^jaig him-to' etc. ^
7.34.119. See the following examples.
The verbs anemiS 'show', QîfoS' 'inform', 'a/ril 'show', QaFJrsbga 'tell'
etc., may identify the locative form which is expressed by a noun and the
case marker SiLQi in the meaning of indirect object as follows :
ALDSOIT t5/iLtD(r<LL(olL-a <B/r6iiiyrL5'<s@(i5'iBJia6Trfr ?
aujsorr îhunrSiLQL-iF Qaîrei^QroeiT,
Example :
7. 34. 119. 0ima @(o)jS aineoir îhwirSiLQiA
airsmiSAigirjffiijfserTiT ?
7.34.120. is a kind of reportive particle which means 'it is said'. It
is always added to a sentence. Example :
7. 34. 120. iBeroek) ifiT(ip euarfiiiaeirnrih.
Sandhi: STLJUU). + Q^/Piqii--v ffruLJK).^'QÎPIL/IC (Refer S.21 in 3.20)
ereirSL-Qi + &iTiL(^mis > ermrSiLQL-A mmLQiiia (Refer S.22 in 4.25)
îhintreifA^ + siTmn3A^0fiissrTir > rBtihiDirsijAiâ airsmiS'A^n^mjaerTir
âlteiDli|.u^.^J,lL(SA^ + QunGpatr > ê!lTeiOl^.l^.^J)lLQA(û GufrGjDssr
îhwireiÂfQ + Q*/ra)@2/G(DSBr v ^litcTSiya.? (ola=/T6b@2/G(D65r
Gff^ + 6T >. G#j*CltU
C9/6U(5^LL(O1L_ + a_ii) * ^sv^^L-QL-iLfih (Refer S,8 in 1.5)
(7/T(ip + giOi 3!J-T<ipCsU/TQ(_
îhLDiT + > c9/i2)LD(Tsi^@ (Refer S.9 in 1.7)
(r!rarL?.<B(g^m/a + ^ > airemiSAiîffmiaean ?
Ciiarfmia + -> ojinjiiiaeirir (Refer S.19 in 2.14)
UNI T 7
LES S ON 35
DEPARTING FROM THE HOUSE
DI A L O GU E
*u3j# ; tS/jsCljS, 0iiim erfip wn^w Aunty, in which month will you
ainsun- : gj-QQeo wirs'ih j5(5iiL/- (I) will return (from my native place)
CSeum. i" month of July,
Srin^ : STjSjSiSBju) CiS{5 ? On whichdate ?
Qeum... uîêoiTLb
^liiGa eu^QeuaiT 0
n?tl(5affiff7gna(g 6U/Ti_-
GlaGluja (o)(i(S'...u(rfib-
(oli_iL5'(5/Bg/ jBto@ g>(5
.di G 60 fr Qsu6irr(ol6!rr
6uirmj(^ . . . iola=ii}.<9s(oldseb-
60/Tli jSSBSTSwfo SZfflT^g;...
ffiffiijajl?* (o1<SFirj.a@ 6p)(Tifl
GUITQ. .. 0 uarQeouS'Geo
Gu/rG(DUj(T ?
@tj Gu/rGsueir.
sweoiT : (^jfifiQâ^ sj atlGli
6T(5.... fiusir eutFL-QLorr ?
Guirriis.
DR I LLS
a. Variation drill
7. 35.. 121.
b. Build up drill
(i) 0 (rfr(yi6i/(gu uassrua
^gl/UL/.
uessTib
I will start on 10th... CI) will reach
here on 14th... (You must) becureful
in the house. (You) send money to
Ramu tomorrow...Give the rent to
the house owner. The milkman will
come day after tomorrow. You buy
one kilo of butter from him for us--
Water all the plants.-.Put manure to
ihe vegetable plants...Are you going
to the bazaar this evening ?
Yes, aunty. I will go at half past six-
Buy a shirt for the childShall I
take leave of you ?
Alright. Please go carefully, Caunt^
(Be careful while you go).
0 iriT(ipSljSÛ UeSSTlh cSy@)iLJL/.
0 jTiTctpsiâû uemib .JW^fuq.
0ÎT(tfisifsû uemih ^guuL/-
0 (Sl*^.ffi(g gjjrii) OuiT.
0 (Stp/BG)iS@a= ailGlL. sr.
- I
Lesson 35 / 313
(ii) 0 @jp;B<o)iS@<= a'L.G'i ST.
ST er
ffllGlL- ST
{P/BQ}S6B@<J= #I1G1L_ ST
/ff @(P;B<O)JS@* <S=LL(S1|_ ST.
(iii) c9jsu6BrJLLQ_ui'(5;Bgi gj ^susBr^Ll(oli_iLS'(5^ljj g>(5 <SCso/r
SQeoiT QeuemQffssT syiriii^. QetismrQsm euirmi^.
QeusmQemsT
e^(!f, SQeon
6^ SQeoir QeuemQenn eu/rmi
GlsusaJn-Glsror suirrnj.
c. Expansion drill
GlsusaJn-Glsror suirrnj.
(i) 0 Q/T. ^ Gl/r.
euiTtQaQiua Qair ^ 6u(n_(D)6BQuj Gla/r.
a7LLdBanr;rgi/'S@<s (OIJE/T 6i?il(i/r(rg)/@ sufTL-GlaQuja
G1(r.
(ii) /ff CT.
sr.
fftl-Ql 6T 0 aiLQi ST.
@y3/B(oli6B@ er
^ (g{p^Qg@<3= ffllGll ST.
dBGlL-fiiyjîLPGeo ST 0 asQi-sifûi'Oeo @y3^G);5<g*
*L1QI_ ST.
inrrQecuSQeo sr 0 iniTG)eou3Qeo aQL.e^ûS'Qeo
(g(P/B(ol<S<5B@i= <FL-(O)L_ ST.
(iii) ffiar^gi.
;f SSFjSgl.
jSSoirrsBsf (5 sssjSgJ
^ êUsresaftiT) ssijsgf.
(ol<ytx).Q<3ssb60ffii aarjsg; jff (o)a=iij.<B(ol656bso/Ttb jSAivregsf^
3Jar<Sgi.
(iv) 0 eniTiii^.
jff 6u/rfEj|g.
(olcusTOTQcBsr 6ijfrmj(g (f GlsusoirrClsBiin- euiriii^.
QeusmQ&sm eunisjig,.
iS /BU)@ cS/SU65T^LLQl_liil(5/6gi
GlsueififTGlsBBT suTmi.
(i) Q : 0mis STLiu aar(5C60ui'(5/Bg/ jfi^mL/fiifnuaB?
A : UjBjS/TLb Ggj^ j^(5ii)LjCsiJ6ST.
(ii) Q: ^ ujffGlsoid'Gso Qi_6)?<@iJ CuffGpjujn-? -
3141 An Intensive Cowne in Tamil
(i) i;iT(tfieiiA(Q cS/gwuq.
Substitute
6T
etremiS
(ii) 0 ibirOenemQasTs sun-fii.
Substitute
(iii) fifTon gg-OSleo iDir-yu)
Substitute
LdtTITdF
gg-6ir
fieuihuif
iij.<fii)ij/i'
(iv) jinesT u^jSTic CjSj^
cardinal number accordingly.
/ff !rn-(y)Sij(S (olair.
(r/r(tpv<55@ <!B(rL..
jf !r/T(ipSlJ@ 66/TewtTL?.
/ff {r/r(ipsi/6B@ suiriBJ.
(ff /B(T(olOTIIBT(olB!jr@ SUiriEi.
finm gg-^Glso ujiraib jSoiiLjOsueSr.
firrsir QuuijeuiP isnrîh
jS(5U)L/GGii6sr.
/B/reir U3(T(f# u>iTffib ^^îcqGeusir.
/BTew ejuiTsb iciraib jScjiiqGeusBT.
^Birsjr Gu) u)/rij=ii) jfi^toqGsueir.
jSfrdr câeruil LDrr<SFU)
^(fîcqGeucir.
jBrrsir QauL-iiu/r LDtraii
j(5U)qGgusvr.
JBT6BT cSJ*GL_(ru/r lOffffLD
finon pîhun Lc>ira=ih
jSc^tbuGsueir.
ffiireir UfîhuH tcfrfftb ^(/jtcLjGeusBT.
/Bdsir UjSjSfrii) GjS^fi jSyjibL/Gsusir.
/BTsir UjS(olig8)6iwr(g5)Lb G^jfi
j(5ii)LjGsu6Br.
/Bffssr uearfiDfPQjrfiwiTL-n'U) G^^
^(jibqGfiUfflJr.
Lesson 351 315
'(v) uirAiaiTifair su(5fii/n-BT.
verb suitably.
aaaCjSg/
GunQ
(vi) iS ^suesTSiLQu.uS'aTifi^
accordingly.
^SU
(i) jbtidr g3"<ol60 inira-Lb
^^LDLfCSeum.
L/n9LJU(SlGsUBi5T.
fiireir QaÛL-ibuir inira^Lb
Gu/rGsusar.
jBirsir c9<GL_(ru(r ixinra=u)
sii(5G6U6Jr.
}^(5LbqG6usJr.
/B/rsir UjîgpeOTti) G{S<
jfi([5LcqGsu6Br.
^(!f)ihqGsuesr.
ffiireiT ^(iT)UîTih G^^
^(iTjibLjGeussT.
fiiTsir (tfiuuîTih GjSjS
{^(jiijqGsueJr.
Ufrfibffi/rjrssr gU(r^Gurreir.
unsbairrfesr ^(/jsufrsBr.
Ufrebffirrjrsir aar^g/sijfrssr.
ufrsbaiTircir GLj/r(56>ja-6sr.
0 êkStLQiuS'a^fiî si//rm/@.
0iwa 6T/BjS ic^nfih âîhi-fedmia ?
0mia sr^jS iLiT9ih Guireffisia ?
0m}a STjBjS , U)iTa=(2> eu^nffsis 7
3161 An Intemxoe Course in Tamil
EX ER C I S ES
given below.
Model: ;Birsir gg-QSIso ^(!T)ibqGevm. (month) .
(i) CTj5i5ii> ? (date)
(ii) u^dJarrjresr aj^suireir. (day after -tomorrow)
(iii) +fl_<a5@ suiri_SlCluja QairQ. (house owner)
(iv) ^^gufTfiBT. (milk man)
(v) ,sfSiimiLQt-u9^$^ eunmi(^- (butter)
(vi) iriu<s39a= Cu/r- (plant)
(vii) affi.}.ai@ ^jrii Guir. (vegetable)
(viii) saihmîF Offii}.a@ QUIT, (manure)
(ix) yjjsQ^ffi p. . - ST, (shirt)
(x) ^(Ttfl (put)
(xi) g> SQson QsaemOmin (buy)
(xii) [Tff^fifiijiSîJ uemih (send)
(xiii) Q<9=jij.ffl6B6bsO(rib ^gmss^^ (pour)
h. Write the words represented by the formulae.
Example : 6>ftl(^<K<sfr(rg)i<S(^ afilâaffjrsir +
Indirect object
(i) (rrr(y3 + Indirect object:
(ii) cSjsuOT + Indirect object:
(iii) Qffiij. + Indirect object:
(iv) @y)/BQiB + Indirect object:
(v) uira)(T(rir + Indirect object:
Example : ^^jîmfisttdr ^liq + Future
(i) qjDUU + Future:
(ii) SUIT + Future:
(iii) cSJgVULf + Future:
(iv) asffgg/ + Future:
(v) Guff + Future:
i. Include the indirect dbject form of the item given in parentheses as shown
in the example.
Example; jf suirL-OaQtua Q&irQ. (eSiLQAMT^'et)
0 sifila(r!r@);@ suffL-G1Qiu QsirQ. '
(i) 0 uemih ^ûLf. (ijif(ip)
Lesson 351 3t7
(ii) 0 sroTSOTf(f5 asn-jSgj. (Qauj.)
(iii) gi^tb Sun-. (ffi/ruJ6Bii?<9= Slffti).)
(iv) ^ *I1QL_ S T . (@{P/BG1^)
(v) Qui*rQi(in' su/rm;. (/BTtn)
j. Combine the following sentences as in the model.
Model: 0 ^ÛLJ.
USBSTli.
0 7(r(ipsi/65@u Ufiroriii cS/gUtJq.
(i) jff Q/r.
cSjfiijeJr si?LL<35fr!rsBri
SUTlGlffi.
(ii) jff aaTjag;.
^GlêbsDfrii) 0*14. .
(iii) 0. G U T .
(iv) 0 er.
^gj <9=L.Qi_.
k. Answer these questions,
(i) 0mia er/Dg tuffffub aarcjaog âîiiLfaîsia 7
(ii) ;fi5J cTjSg(SB)ti GgjS 6!ntn^(5<S(g eufi^mia ?
(iii) ffi_nsi6B 6I?LL@ CTjSgQeBr QJU/TIU J(TI_(O)<5B (ol(riS(g-
(ifmjaG ?
(iv) jfiBicS LiiT3=Lb erg^Qew u/riu a_nsi x>(ol6!jrfi)?<i@
(v) 0miai sTjSgGlejr <5Gso(r GkusOTrQssBT 6U(rmj@{if/Ejffi 7
(vi) ii360iT ^ / l iL CT T s T / j ^ iflfTfftb ssffffjGeOuS'fj/Bgi ^(!îhL{(ir}mi& 7
(vii) ani);^ eruua (S6(OH_61?J<B@U Gu/rgy ?
V O C A B U L A R Y
,:9;jS(o)g 'mother-in-law, iDiraîh 'month'
aunty'
j^Cjiiq 'return' ^-Qso 'July, name of the
month'
Gg<i 'date* g8/r<S(rQg 'carefulness'
zSi^LJL) 'send (as money)' 6i7il6Bff?69r 'house owner'
6UiTiQs 'rent'
fiirQenemQemA^ 'day after
tomorrow'
Q*ij. 'plant'
an-ul/afl? 'vegetables'
Gun 'put'
U(r6b65/rir6sr
QenamrQestfT
SBTjSg/
'milk man'
'butter'
'pour, as water'
'manure'
shirt'
G R A M M A R
7.35.121. The verbs like ^@iun 'send', SJarjSg/ 'pour, as water', GunQ
'put', ST(9 'take' etc., form another class of verbs. This class implies the exis-
tence of indirect object when the verbs are used in sentences. Example :
7. 35. 121. $ (r/r(ipeij@Li umrih ^gyuL/.
Note that the indirect objects p-/r(tpsi^6B@ 'Ramu-to', Glffiif.* 'plant-to',
@(p;B(o1ja<s6@ 'child-to' etc., cannot be replaced by the locative form i.e., noun
-SCQL- as in 7.34.119. The following sentences are ungrammatical.
* 0 ifnitpSiLQi- uemih tS/gytJq.
* 0 Qa^L^-SiLQi êmessfitT) sm^^.
* 0 {PJBGIJSISLKOII I?L1(O1L_ ST.
uemih 'money', gsBarssfff 'water', epiîh 'manure', ^CQi 'shirt' etc., are
direct objects and being inanimate nouns the objective case marker is optional.
Sandhi : finQerra^ + uemih ,^@iULf > ffinQetfsû uemih ^guuq
c^fljQiruoftraf @ + GunGevm > ^pQi;meanPAû GunGeueir
(Refer S,18 in 2.14)
euni^QmQiu + QanQ > eunL-QsQiuAQsnQ (Refer S.20 in 2.17)
aniuanff + Qs^m. > aniusjÂ Qftq. (Refer S.4 in 1.2)
UNI T 7
LES S ON 36
IN THE KITCHEN
DI A L O GU E
Gpsir.^LJLipLDir fiirm
Sumathi, what are (you) doing ?
(I am occupied with) work in the
kitchen.
What are you cooking today, dear ?
Potato fry, rasamand pappad.. .That's
all.
Is meal ready ?
(It is) ready. (I am) frying pappad...
Then we shall eat.
QijnLbuLJ u#<s@gi-...
Q Lo ir jS eb d eu
QeiT^ BsiiiL- cS/UL/jDtb
Baby is very hungry...First of all,
(you) feed rice to hitn. Then (you)
serve meal to your uncle.
Alright', aunty.
Please take the baby...My leg pains
very much, dear. I will lie down for
a while.
Alright, aunty.
DR I LLS
a. Variation drill
7; 36. 122. @y>^G)jS@ suitSip Uiâ^gj.
eT65lr@ffi /rg2i eiie&A^^.
7. 36. 123. 0 sTsirssruiioir ffQuis^Qp ?
7. 36. 124. iîpfiQÂi^ suuJ'p Slirrifiijuui ij<^@g/.
b. Build up drill
(i) @(p/B(o)iS<S(S suaS'p uÂ(^-
cuui'p
(ii) eTfi!(r(g a/rgy (o)(r/rti)L/
Qi;iTihu
(iii) ffiireir s'QunuSiaiLQGeo
GeuQeoiuiT ^(!T,A(^Gpesr.
/BTSiJr iyQa)UJatl(5(360 GeuQeotuir
Ce>j{?60uj/r
o'QinujaisC-QGeo
fiireir
c. Expansion drill
(i) ffrmAiQ eue0A^^.
(ii) @(p^QjS(gu u#iS5@}Su>ii/T.
(iii) 0 u' f LOfrp.
fflTUUIT u/PLO/rp
a_6Jr u3frL)(rj<B(gu urPLonp
Lesson 36 / 321
g^QimuAsL-QGeo GeuQeoiuir
^(!T,A@Gpem :
GTOSTA^ eiie&stg,^.
giiLDir.
u/Pixi(rp.
ufPinfrp.
jff ^6iiifr(o)65!JT(a5 erssTSimiin/T * Q- D @G( D ?
: si_(ol6Tr<sB(ol<95yjra@ GlufrrPujsb, {r*ii), ûusrriii...
sS/siibiifiirsi/gfrsir.
(iii) Q: aîruunQ Q(Tiq.iLin- ?
A : Qixuf..
(i) Q
A
(ii) Q:
A
;. Substitution drill
(i) 0 u)/rLD/T6i;@a= ff/ruUir
UfPinn-p.
Substitute
(ii) 0 (g(p/BS)iS@* Gff/rp
Substitute
U/fLOfTp
Q/r(5
iff @y)jB<oljai(g<9= Cffirp ufPififfp.
;ff @(p;B(olj5a(g* C*(rp *QIJD.
iff (p;B<0)jSa<9^# Ca=a'p Q'dur.
(iii) fiirm euÂf^Gfom.
verb accordingly.
jbirmia
fiiTin
0
(iv) [btrm u(5<s@C(DJT.
verb suitably.
Qarr
er
UUf.
a=Qi>
(v) @jp/BQgigu uâ^^.
accordingly.
^jsG)g
tS/uu/r
gmjGIs
(i) jBTfisr s'QmAi^GiDsiT.
IbireiT uQAi^Gpeir.
/BT65r u/Pin/rpG/DsJr.
(ii) ]BT6Br *(ollXI<B@G|D8T.
îrejr saffilSGpfisr.
firriiia euÂ^Garjih.
/BfTU) eug)iA^GirrjLb.
cS^fiUfisr fiupaig(2y6ir.
JBdSBT 6Ta(gG(D6Br.
flSffsir sup<5(gGfl36Jr.
^fresr utsf.A^Gp^.
ffiirm ûÂ(g,Gpan:
Ibirm tfQmA^Gpm.
(QlfifiQâû Lj<â(ggj,
LDirtofreiLâ^LJ iji#<s@gi'.
tSjiriLD/reiyaû i-;.#a(a5g;.
tSjaanrsi/agu u<#a(ggj.
g(Bj(olaa@u U(#a(ggj.
STSsrayr QffuJGjD ?
jff ermasr Qa^tuGpo ?
0 ermesT Qs=iuGp ?
0 ermssTihiniT <y<olLDa@G(D ?
0 eresresnhLDiT euQiA^Gp ?
0 ersirssnhLCiiT u/Pin/rpGrD ?
;S eTSJTSsriijLDfT aflrL.(5Gp ?
EX ER C I S ES
Lesson 36 j 323
given below.
Model : (potato)
(i) (fried food)
I (ii) (thin disc-like preparation of black gram)
(iii) (cooked rice)
(iv) (meal)
(v) @(p;B<ol!5@ u<#a(ggj. (stomach)
(vi) eT65ra@ 6iis6'<5@gj. (leg)
(vii)i @jp/BGljaa@a= G^/rp (feed)
(viii) _6BT u)(T[ifTSi^<s5@a= &nuuiT(S (serve)
(ix) (gtp/BQjSa siiufp (hunger)
(x) ffTSsraâ afrgy a^- (P^'n)
(xi) ^ffssr (ola/TcgjffiL AigfQp&nr. (lie down)
Example : ij<#<gj u.# + Present
(i) 6ue& + Present :
(ii) + Present :
(iii) u + Present :
(iv) #Qu5 + Present :
i. Include the indirect object form of the item given in parentheses as shown
in the example.
Example; 0 Qu^nêoQso Ga^/rp aaril. (@{pjB(o)g)
(i) $ 9nuunQ ufPin/rp. (a_6Jr inniBiT)
j. Combine the following sentences as in the model.
Model: jS ufPinfip.
0 a_eir inirinireifAÂ ff/ruufr ufPuifrp.
(i) jS QmiTîAiQeo SMLLQ.
gig/ GenT^.
(i) 5rU)j5 ermssT Qaîuinyiiia ?
(ii) ^smQsmai^ aîiia inQmeff sTeirssT ^QuiA^'jrjiiis ?
(iii) a-fBJffiigrja B-iija inQesTeiS ffiruuiT uiPinrTgfKnjmiaerrii ?
(iv) 0mia STUUU uQa^jffmia ?
(v) sj_(5/a(gr5@ @tJu 6UttJ'p-uJ'@iST ?
(vi) 2_/Bjffi(gr56B@ a_{5(olsTr(S1a5jp(Bj@u QufffPtufib t5'u}.@ti3(r ?
V O C A B U L A R Y
'kitchen' (fGlto 'cook'
si_(5Glsrra 'potato'. (o1ij/T/Pujb 'any fried ifood'
'Rasam, a kind of c^juuOTii 'thin disc-Hke
soup prepared preparation of
out of tamarind. black gram'
pepper and tomato'
'ready' sup 'fry'
'stomach' u:f 'hunger'
'cooked rice' amC-Q 'feed'
uiPixiiTg)] 'serve' CS(T@2/ 'leg'
6usi9 'pain' uQ 'lie do .vn'
G R A M M A R
7.36.122. The verbs 'be hungry', su9 'pain' etc., have the subject which
is expressed by a noun and the case marker -a/- -L. a@/ .Example :
7. 36. 122. (g{p/B(olgig suitPp u#<a@g/.
7.36.123. -ihmrr is a truncated form of -îhinir. It is, in spoken Tamil,
added to any sentence (Refer 1.7.30), Here it is added to the question form
eresTm 'what'. Example :
7. 36. 123. jS 6T65T5n)iD/r *(olt)a@G(D ?
7.36.124. QifiTihu is an adverb. It is functionally different from the intensi-
fier Qfiinhu (Refer 1.4.17). It occurs immediately before a verb.
7. 36. 124. eT65r@ffl <35/Tg2j QtftTihueue&Ai^îhLBiT.
@JP/BG1^@ suuf'p Qifirihuu u ^ a ^ ^ .
Sandhi: Qi;mhu + u<#(Sgj ^Qfririhuu USA^^. (Refer S. 14 in 1.11)
ST6ST<5@ + /rg2i * 6Tirr@<B 6B/r@2/ (Gljr/riiu 6us6'@<SLbLDff
Refer S. 18 in 2.14)
(
;
UNI T 8
LES S ON 37
WHERE DID YOU STUDY ?
DIALOGUE
Vanakkam, sir.
Qfifr^^ : euirms s^Qtje^,, S-aasff- Please come Mr. Suresh. Please be
!ii&...$iiia ermiQa L9.ej. seated Where did you study B.A. ?
wGjrsi^ : jbrreir GifiremÂGeo I studied in Jain college in Rohtak.
QûS'eir aeb^jPuS'Geo
QpffjBj^: jbireir Gunesr su(5si%ti epij^ I saw you in a seminar last year.
Qsrru uirir^Gêir. ^
arGjra^ : ermjG<B?-"=9(6i(r@BjuDQ60 Where ?...(Was it) in Annamalai
u4eisfeiiiT^L-tq.uSGeoujiT? University?
OrGiê^: îLiT. fiirm .si'^Gaîrm
utiÂGffeir.
jSmjêsf m/<xerrfr ?
GbOl bOI
(SGf r a^L?. ^. GliDsroGso ^HULSC-
Gi_6ir< ;fffBJa(Sr5ii5
(ipfiîS <:^ti(T- /BTgJJli t:9jGjS
^LJu erriiGa GuiTfSiiia ?
-G(ro^ ; GLj/Tsfoi_/rL?5r(gu
GufrGpsir. tS/OsSg-
euffirti ercir fiemuiT
îPGeu^ ^tiiGa eutnjirf,.
jS/Bj^ ^gUL/L/GpeJr...
Yes. Did you study there ?
Yes. I studied M. A. English there.
Did you stay in.the hostel ?
Yes. I stayed in the P.G. Hostel.
In which mess did you dine ?
I took my food in the P. G. mess.
Are you too from Annamalai
University ?
Yes. I too (studied) in the same
University. Where are you going
now ?
(I am) going to the post-office. My
friend Triyedi is coming here next
week. I am sending a telegram to
him urgently. Shall (I) take leave of
you ?
Alright, please do.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
8. 37. 125. firreir Gi;iT^ÂGeo uuf-ifGaêir.
jbiresT L?. QweroGeo ffuuiSiLGi-eir.
b. Build up drill
(i) jbirm Gi;n^ÂGeo uu). j >
GffOT.
uuf-AGa^m
GifiTfiofbAGeo
(ii) fliis eriiiGa uiq. j ^mia ?
(iii) friia jiajirsrULsbGfiO j Sr a-
ssfnsfasTrir 7
fbiiif^GsfiiisemT 7
0mia .
(iv) 0rii& ^liiQai uu^.9^!ijsenn 7
uuf.a=îiia6nrT 7
^liiGa
c. Expansion drill
(i) fitrm UTiTjsGjZfiir.
QîBis)ifGeo uirir^Gârr
GuireifT 6U(56)i%Lb uirfr^Gêir
(ii) jSriia ^liit^ssfiiiaetriT 7
^rreroieoGeo ^lii^-
esfmiaentT 7
d, Question-Answer drill
Leison 37 / 327
jbirm GtîreiDÂGeo uisÂGaâir.
utq.AGa=m
GifiT^ÂGeo uuf.AG96sr
jbiresr Gifir^mÂGep uiq.<9=CJ#6Br.
jf/B/a eriiiGa utn-A^riia 7
sTihiGa uuf-Aîiia 7
eiiiiGa uuj. ?
/ffmjffi jsajTsfOL 613(360 gfB;@-
65f(E/a6rT/T 7
jS/B/igesf liiaeniT 7
etmrrsiviedGeo jSiBjêuffEiaerr/r ?
jf m/a g!/D(r6foi_6bC60JSIEJO-
6!rfmja6Tr(r ?
/fns/a sS/'BjCea uuÂ^miaeirn 7
UUj-J#(Eia6rTIT ?
5^(Bj(3a uiij-cy.^fBjaeirn' ?
^fBja cSjfBiGa uir).a=.#fEJa6Tr/r ?
finm unn^G^&sr.
finosT Smia(a\mu unii^Gêir,
jbireir 6p(5 Q<rL'iîfGeo a-iijdiQerTU
uirnr^Gêir.
jbireir Guiresr eu(rf)e>îh s^cjj GlffiiS-
igjfrGeo sj-raaGlcfru urrirjaGgeir.
;jma jsm/@6sf masrrff 7
^m;a ^/T6foi_6bG60 ^mj@-
Gsf (EJ6B6mr ?
(i) Q : ;ffmia erraGa LJ. ex- uis^s^^mieE 7
A : /B/resr Qggu3eir sei)î?a3Geo uiq.i=Gffdr.
(ii) Q : 0mia ^miGa uisf-iFîBiaeirir 7
A : cîDT, ]Bfr6sr ^liiGa ^neir ^litSeoih erib. ej.
Ljii}-<f Gff6r.
(iii) Q ; /ffraa gi/D(r6fOL_6bC60 gmiêsfrnjacirir ?
A : ^^{nir, jbireir L?. gjf. pajTsfot-ebGeo js/rear jafwoCsBreBT.
(iv) Q: ffr/BjS QwsioGeo fffruii'ilia.mfa ?
A ; ^LDfT, /BCgJ/LD cS/GjS IL/6rf'6Uff(^lltf jSfTSir.
(i) jbiTsir QsîBiâCSeo finm G1<fuS'igj/fCso unn^G^siT.
accordingly.
sAiîP /Bfreir aA>îPuS'Geo uirif^GêiT-
(ii) ibiTssT suD/rsroisbCSfiU
GuireioimSeio
urrff^Cg65T.
^/rssr Guffsfoi_n-L3'6foCJso
ufffrgCSgsJr.
/BfrsoT uefrsTpaah-i-jSgjGso
fbiresr
verb accordingly.
/Bfr/EJ<ss
/BfTLO îTeroia>Geo ^mi(g)Gtîh.
0 îreioiêbGeo îw^Gem:
0mia fmrrerOLêoGeo gmj^ssf fBj.
t^jsusjr giiD(r6fot_6tiG60 SfEJ@(g56r.
t5/6u 6ia)/r6fCL_6i5GfiO gnij(gi5).
(iii) jbireir ^liii^Gesrsir.
verb suitably.
eariLl
jbirm aarLLGsT65r.
fiireir GuirGesreir.
jbirsir uiPiDir^Gesreir.
jbireir cSjgULJL/GssrsBT.
^BTsir uii}.<fGff6ir.
UlPu^lT^
(iv) /Brsir utq-jGêir.
verb suitably.
14.
ÎT69T igii}.a=G<f ear.
Lesson 37/329
(v) fiirm u(r(tg(J<ss5r.
verb suitably.
QanQ
6 T
sup
(i) jBirsSr Glggui'sir aA)îPii9Geo
uiif.*(=6Jr.
}S/Bj@C65T sir.
^/rsjr QinsfoGso
jbrreir Qo'iBi^rrGeo
UT(r<aGg6sr.
(ii) /B/rsir L?. g^. GlinsfoGso
^BTsir QgguSeir &a)îPu3Geo
^/rsir LP. gj. s3fl3Tfut_sbC60
jSfBi^GsursJr.
/BTSsr uirH^Gêir.
jbireir QatrQ^Gêir.
fiireir erQ^Gêir.
jbneir u^^Gêir.
jbrrair supjsGgeir.
jfmias srnsjGa uuÂ^raa ?
/ffmias sTiEjGas ^liiêsfriia ?
errriiGm a^rruiS'iLtss.iiia ?
0riia srnsjGa uirir^^riia ?
jSriia ST/Bg GluDsfoGso
JITlJlJ'llla.lBJdB ?
ST^B-sa al3g2/rfPai'Gso
Ulq-<9=i#miiS5 ?
jSriis sr/BjS ^/DTsfUistiGsu
EXERCISES
given below.
Model : ^riia erriiGa Aîiia ? (study)
^riia erriiGa Ubâ^'irBia ?
(i) jbrreir a_fB/6B(olsmJ L//r/r{sGjSSBr. (last year)
(ii) jbrreir piUfrsfoisbGsO Gsurssr. (stay)
(iii) sTsir jbemuir eiKnj^. (next week)
(iv) ^rrssr ^ûqGfpsn. (urgently)
jBfreir ^rii^Genrarr
0riia
êuirr, uti^4f^riiaffrTir
i. Include the locative form pf the item given in parentheises as shown in the
example.
Example: /BITOT uuêfQân. (asbgw^fP)
finest &eo^îiSQeo ui^.9Qa=asT.
(i) finasT BL-iaaQefTLJ unir^Q^m. (Q&iBi^n)
(ii) iSmiauiîpîiiaerTn? (êmiûiQecy inesFaiiiStLi^.)
(iii) finm jSmj@GajT6ST. (gVD/TsrOL-sb)
(iv) fiiroT *TiJL?tlG_6Br. (Qiasio)
Example: asbgjfl-fPufOso + Locative.
(i) GlffuS'tg)!! + Locative :
(ii) gia)/rfifDi_b + Locative :
(iii) Qmera + Locative :
k. Frame questions for the answers given below following the model.
Model ; A; ^freir Gijn^ÂQeo ui^s'Qff^m.
ii) finesT LP. g, QmeioGec îruiS'iLGieir.
(ii) jBfrcsT gicfrsYOi-sbGfiO ^mJi^GesTeir.
(iii) finet eptQ QsîBi^nGeo SL.ma,Qe(Tu usrn^Gôsr.
i^v) finesT .^fiiGa ^tiiSeoih ui!^3'Gs^9ST.
1. Fill in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated forms (past) of the
verb jsrni 'stay'.
(i) finasT p/DiTsrOisbCScu
(ii) (fHonaoieoGeo
(iii) fiemun îPGeu0
(i) jSmia eriiiGa LS'.ej/LS.ereroeS uuÂîiia 7
(ii) jSiiia îrerOL-QiGeo ^miig,esfiiiaeiTir ?
(iii) Si-riia iLjeis?eu!TSil.u^Guj!rQL-Gu(!$ ereiresr ?
(iv) QuêioGeo sftruiS'iLis.mt&enrr ? ,
(v) iSiiis arrQeouSGeo GuTsfot-frLfsro-oaû Guireffmiaenn ?
VOCABULARY
uiq. 'study' GuiresT 'last'
Gl4Fu9@)ff 'seminar' jsrsj 'stay'
Qineio 'mess' GuneioinLSek) 'post-office'
<^îS '"e"'' siifrjrii) 'week'
tSjeu'^LDT 'urgently'
Lesson 37 / 331
G R A M M A R
8.37.125. This Unit exclusively dal ith locative case and its various uses.
As in other cases, the locative case finarker follows the noun it qualifies. There
are three locative case markers in Tamil (Refer 2.13.53). The chief characte-
ristic uses of the locative case are
(i) to denote a place where an action takes place,
(ii) to denote a thing in which an action is performed,
(iii) to denote time expression,
(iv) to denote the meaning of 'by' and
(v) to denote a person with whom an action is performed.
In this lesson, the locative is used to denote a place where an action takes
place. The locative case marker is always suffixed to a place noun in this
case. Example : '
8. 37. 125. finosr QifnfiD^s.(Seo uu^^Qafasr.
This, locative form is* correspondingly questioned using erii/GaB'where'. -
Example :
8. 37. 125. eriiiQa utn.A^riia ?
Sandhi : UI4.<9=<#(KI + > uisi.A^misemT ?
g(Bi@6fnsi + ^>rjSfisi(g6sffBj<956rrff (Refer S.19 in 2.14)
iL/fijjf euTrfiilK). + ^Gso iqssPtoU/r.^tlirf.uj'GfiU (Refer S.8 in 1.5)
UNI T S
LES S ON 38
WHEN DID YOU JOlH THE JOB ?
DI A L O GU E
<9r07^, C^jBgju Guuurr
!t S 9 f m&eiT n ?...
.' QîTihu ;B sb so T <s
(o)gfPl..JU)... ÎBT@B)LD(O)60
IL/SlsfoUlf.^tlLf.tii'QsO
QiDiTiûSiuAi QuifirStP-
cWsijQ(r 6 ^ i.LLi_g-
^Geo *;Bjf *G*r
Gjbtrih GuarGsjTSBT.
Mr. Suresh, did you read newspaper
yesterday ? (It is said that) Professor
Agasthialingom is going to America,
Do you know him ?
Oh! (I) know (him) very well. He
is a Professor of Linguistics in Anna-
malai University. I met him in a
meeting...I spoke with him for some
time.
Lesson 38 / 333
c9/lJUU Gujfl6id5 ?
<o) >S fP uj fr gy. ^/ 61/ (5 iL
eT6Jri.i_ d?!,m/^6UjSg;C?60
CcLJ*(SB)(5.
cS/6MrigOT)iD(ol60 (qsirPsufr-
9rGi;s)^ ; cîLPirg^g QiSfrsTrerr/T
aPtrgj^ sTfipug^Glirewr-
(tp/f^<5 ; 6TLJU GfeuQsouJiCtSU
lii'tTja^ 6T(ipLJjSjujr65-
Gl ir eoir i_ /r ID Q ^ ^
Gffff/BG^sJr ... jS lij-a
rbirQeniQfA strQeouS'Qeo
/ GuffGsiisJT.
i9i-C(r6i% . sTg/C560 Gi_//r3?mj ?
Qp/fgjiS ; iTui'sbCei:) CrUffGjDSJr.
In what language did you speak (with
him) at that time ?
(I) spoke (with him) only in English
because I did not know Tamil at that
time. He too spoke with me in
English.
In which year did you study in
Annamalai University ?
(I) studied in the year 1972.
When did you join the job ?
(1) joinedon the 22nd of August 1975.
...Are you going to Virudhunagar
tomorrow morning ?
Yes, (I) will go in the early morning.
How are you going ?
(I) am going by train.
DR I LLS
a. Variation drill
8. 38. 126. jbireir ^litSeo^^Geo GuSrGesreir.
jbrreir GeuQeou^Geo G&'irfiGêir.
firiia erfi^ Gluj/ryJaS'Gsu Guoreaf7
334 I An Intensive Course In Tamil
8. 38. 127. [brreir ^^miTQeou3Q60 Cu/rdsusBT.
0mia a/iQsoiii'Gso GuirrSimamiT ?
8. 38. 128. fiiraiT i;>tSa)Geo GuirGpeir.
jSmia sTgjGso Guirîija ?
8. 38. 129. firresT ^liiSeo^^Geo GuarGenrm.
b. Build up drill
(i) /BTSBT ^miSeo^^Geo
Gua^GesreiT.
CuaGsffTfijr
^liiSeo^^Geo
fiiteSsr
(ii) jfmja snQeoii3Geo
GuiT^miaeniT ?
GuiriffrBiaehn ?
srrQeou3G60
Gun^njîTih.
GuiTinjijnih
(iv) jBfresr dîii'irgjSjS QîreireaiT-
^siror âsYOil LDfrfftb ^ ( 5 -
Lj<s^(ol(r6ron_/rii CjSjS
GeuQeouS'Geo Gs^HfiGêir.
Gs'frfiG^m
GeuQeouSGeo
iB/rssr c^mj^sOjSg/GcD GuarGssresr.
GL/arGfiBT tfttr
c^mjcdesoggjGeo Gua-Gssrssr
jB/r6Br c^mjdi60<sgjG60 GudB-Gesresr.
^liia aiTQ60ii3Geo GuirrSriiaerrir ?
GuirrffmiaeniT ?
s,trQsou3Gso GurrrffmiaerTn ?
^liis &nQ60u3Geo GuirgSiiiaeirn ?
^staxroîueSiiiaih ^QmiPaaiT
Gurratjîrdi.
GuiTinjifinh
rSiQiDiPAarr GuiTinijîTih '
GuiTiirfnnih.
fiirek ûS>ix^^^ QîT6heiTiTu3ix^^
T(ipUjSjS ^(gjff/rii) siAr
âekiiL wiTS=ih ^ÛjSi^Cliranrr-
i-irii) GgjS GeijQeou3G60 G#(i/B-
GjSfiBT.
C<=fr/BGjB6ST
GsuGleoiJ'GsD G^/r^DGgsir
@C5LjjSiGl!rBin-i_mij GjSji GsuQso-
u5'G60 Gffjr^GjSSsr
i-nih GjSjfi GeuQeouS>G60 Gaîrfi-
GjSeir
^(gaffTii tJ^ssBT ^ S S TU LL ic/ra=ii)
@UjS;SGl!r6)iBTi_iriij GgjS GsuGleu-
uSGeo Ga^HfiGêiT
Lesson 38 / 335
c. Expansion drill
(i) /BJreJr GaîifiQ^m.
GeuQeouS'Geo Ga^rr^G^m
GêsT
(ii) ^siifijiL Guft(SB)(5.
(iii) ^^637 GuirGpesT.
û3eoGeo GurrGpeir
eTQgu^0 î^fiTib <^ror(5
L-rrii G^^ GeuQeou3Geo Ga=iTfi-
UjSjSGIirsBiiTi-frii) C<SjS Gsi/Glso-
uJiGso Gff/riBGjSsir
cûfjrjSifiiS QîreherriTuSî;^^ STfip-
LD/Tfftis ÛjSjfifol^fflfin-i-Tm Ggj^
GsuGljsouiiGeo Ga^HfiGêir
cûi'iJ'iSiSg QjSirsTrsrrfritPjTiSiS
eT(Lgiu^^ c9j<s=frii) c^siArO
L-rnh GjSj^ G6u<S1oii5>Gao Ga=fr/B-
GjSsir.
jBTsiJr Gffff^GiSSBr.
GsuQeou3Geo GgîrfiGêif.
jbiT&ir qâeroil iDTa=iii GsuQsoid'Gso
Gffff/BGjSeJr.
^Bfreir <:%uJ'!rcS}5jS Glgfrsfrsrrfrui'trjBjfi
6T(tpUjS^ ^^(gjftGsD tâsfOLl
Lorraîh GeuQeou3Gso GafrjBGjSsir.
^6U{5u) Gu<9T(g)((5.
^svîh îijSeo^^QsoGuifriQ)(r^.
c9j6U(5ii) eT65rGigB)(oli_ c^mjJeOjS-
gjGso Gu*(SB)((5.
/BirsJr Gu/ r Gps ir .
jbiresr
(i) Q : EL-rej(gr5iS .zSjsutoliriS GlgfPtqLDir ?
A : 6j) / Gljr/niu /Bsbcoircs Qgr Piqii.
(ii) Q: ;Smj erjig Quîr^ûS'Geo ûuu GuSTSnPrsis 7
A : cîBJ^sOjSg/GfiOgfrssT GuarGesreJr. ecrssrigs), û u
(iii) Q: STULJ CSsuQeciii'Cssc GffffJB^(B) ?
(i) /Brrsir ^ârrQeouSGeo
GuirGsu'soT.
Substitute
asrrQsoid'Gso
rrrr^^rP
(ii) JB/Tsir Cu/xGeusir.
accordingly.
(iii) pjfreir QsuQeOuSQeo
Substitute
0
verb suitably.
rbireir ^â!TQsou3Geo GuirGeiieir.
fBiTssr /r(olOui'CSso GuirGeum:
îTSJr LD^îuiT&snh GurrGeueir.
finesr ijrr^îP GurrGsueir.
firreiT GuirGeussr.
jbuiiim GunGeunih.
tbtTLD GunGeuiTih.
^ GuaGeu.
jffB/ffi GuiTffffiiim.
^f iusir GuneuirssT'
êu Guireurr.
<^suQ5 GurreuiT^,
^6umj GiJ(rsu(r/E/a5.
GsuGkoid'Gso Ga=iTjBGîrix).
GeuQeoa3Gec Ga^n^G^,
jffmia GeijQsoiL?Gso G-yif/Bj^m/a.
rSieuesT GeisQeCfuSGeo G-g^frrbfiireir.
^s u(5 GeuQcoui'Gst) G<f IT/B^T^^.
r:9jU{Sfix GeuQsouSGeo G<f ir^îrjBja.
jBfrsJr cufTi^ JGf f sir.
Lesson 38 / 337
(v) jBirsJr GuffrCSmeir.
verb suitably.
GuiT
esriLQ
(vi) finm G^n^G^QiT.
verb suitably.
euir
gIT
QanemQsuir
(i) fiussr ^rkiSeoîGeo
GuffrGm^.
^su(fT) ^riiSeo^^Giso
Gu3ilS)(IT).
jbtrek îBjfiGso Gua^Gssrek.
(ii) lEfrsJr i;u3ebGeo GutrGpsk.
jbuek ueioGeo GunGpek.
rbnek airnGeO GunGpek.
EX ER C I S ES
given below.
Model ; 0!iia Guuu/f a^^mimerrn ? (read)
jSiiis GuuuiT suifSaSiiiaeniT ?
(i) c9/su(5 Gui;nSfi{Ui}!r ^(5<5@(27ffi' (linguistics)
(ii) finest a^LLi_ggjG60 .^suGlir ffGffsir. (meet)
(iii) finest êiiGrrnQi Gmek. (speak)
(iv) jSmis etfi^ u3Geo Guaiosfiiia ? (language)
(v) 6TLJU u3Geo Ga^nfiîiia ? (job)
(vi) finek GufrGeueir. (in the early morning)
(vii) 0iiia STUU GevQeouSGso fiîiia ? (join)
finek Guff^Gestm.
finek GunGestek.
fineit eT(Lp^Gest&n.
finek uiPiajT^Gestek,
finek smiLQGesteit.
finek ej^Geitrek.
finm Gffff/BGjSsir.
/BTssr eiifiQêk.
finek ^fiGêst.
finest QanemQeufiGêk.
jSiija et^Geo Guffresfiiim ?
êu(!T) er^Geo Gu<S(gB)(5 ?
jStiis er^Geo Guaiesfriia ? -
^riia et^Geo Gung^mia ?
fitiia et^Geo Gun^ma ?
^liiOi er^Geo Gunrffmia ?
GutTitrjijtTih
i. Include the locative form of the item given in parentheses as shown in the
example.
Example : ^/rsir uu^-a^Gsâir. (iL/sufsu/T^LLL}.)
(i) jBfrssr êuGtjnQi Gua^GesreiT, (^liiSeoih)
(ii) ibnesT sT(ipu^^ ^t^ffrGeo Ga^H^Gêir. (GeuQeo)
(iii) /B/T6ST c9i6u(or!ra= ^^îFGa^ssr. (ai^Ciih)
j. Frame questions for the answers given below following the model.
Model : A: ^neisT ^msSeo^^Geo GuffrGitsrasr.
(i) fBTsir GniQsoui'Gso G^/rrBG^sar.
(ii) iBiTSisr [Tiii'sbGso Gun-G/osir.
k. Frame eight sentences from the table below.
Example : ;Bt65r asbgjyrrPni'Gsv) âoGojeir.
(BCSOT (BCSOT
6WD/76T01_Gb UK}.
I, Frame four sentences from the table below as in the example.
Example : JB/TLD îB\fiGeo Gu^G(ir}th.
IblTlD Gu*
m. Fill in the blanks with the sentence conjunction ejeiri^.
(i) ;BT6sr ^riiSeo^^Geo Gus^GssT^.
erssra^^ ^L6'(P QÎ?IUITI.
Fill in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated forms (past) of the
verb Guar 'speak'.
(i) jbirm 59/suC(rnf(o)t_
(ii) jSiiia ffTgjGffl)
(iii) rêvfTTfih ffTSffTG(g5)G1i_
Fill in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated forms (past) of the
verb Gif(5 'join'.
(i) piireir QsuQeouSQeo
(ii) eruu QeuQeouS'Qeo
Select the right word and use it in the blank with suitable form.
Example: utq.a=QfeiT ui^. + past
(i) ff/Bj^ + Past:
(ii) G*(5 + Past :
(iii) Gu* + Past :
(i) ^riia ^QuîPA&it GurroSmimetrir ?
(ii) /fffEias SL-riia LCiQetTe<SQuj/aemeuQif eruuk s-gifiuiSnsA 1
(iii) $!bs, îy>Qeo stebeoiru GusreSmiaerTn 7
(iv) jSiiia ejfi^ êmQGeo iS.6j/LS'.eTBioer&. uin-o^îiia ?
(v) eruu iSiita GevQeouSGeo Gffir^îiia ?
(vi) ^ma ^âirQeouSGeo LD(r(rffiGl6BL.(5(gu GuiriffmisgfTrr 7
(vii) fima S-m/65 sai(rf)a^ er^Geo GuirpSmia ?
vLLi_ti, GeuQeo, ^riiSeoih
(i) [bireir.
(ii) ^freir.
(iii) /BireoT.
.GuarGssreir.
.#/BjS#Gi?6Jr.
..G*frjBG^6Br.
V O C A B U L A R Y
'read' 'linguistics, the
'meeting' study about
Q&ni^9(Sfi!j>h 'for a short time' language'
'language' 'meet'
'at that time' Gu* 'speak'
'thousand' sjcirig) 'because'
'seventy'
c^sirar
'year'
GeuQeo 'job' QjBfrsfrsirffui'jrm 'nine hundred'
'August, name of 6T1JU 'when'
a month' Ga=(5 'join'
5:9;jfid5/r(ol6Uid'Gso 'in the early
morning'
G R A M M A R
8.38.126. The locative case, in this lesson, is used to denote (i) a thing in
which an action is performed, (ii) time expression and (iii) the meaning of
'by'. The locative case marker is attached to the nouns like ^fBJ^60Lb'the
English language', Gsutolso 'job' etc., to indicate the meaning (i). Example :
8. 38. 126. fiireir rîiiSeo^^Geo GuffrGsnrek.
GeuQeou3G60 G<yn-/BGja6ffr.
This locative form is correspondingly questioned using ergjGeO 'in. which
(language etc.).' Example :
8. 38. 126. jSiiia erg/Gso Gusrsufmia 7
8.38.127. The locative case marker is attached to the nouns like ^ânQeo
'early morning', airClso 'morning' etc., to denote the meaning (ii). Example :
8. 38. 127. fiireir ^^sirQeou^Geo GunGeuem.
0mi& airQeouSGeo GuiT(ffiiiaemi ?
In a sentence, this locative form is questioned by using eruu 'when'. Example :
8. 38. 127. /fffB/a eruu GeuQeoaS'Geo Ga^nîSiiia ?
8.38.128. The locative case marker is added to the nouns like ûSA> 'train',
uero 'bus' etc., to denote the meaning 'by'. Example :
8. 38. 128. fitjm
It is correspondingly questioned by using ergyCso 'by which'. Example :
8. 38. 128. $riis erîGeo GunrSiiia ?
Lesson 38 1 341
Note the difference between er^Qoo in 8.38.126 and sr^Qeo in 8.38.128.
8.38.129. ^sffTig)'because'is a sentence conjunction. Exannple ;
8. 38. 129. fiirm .^diSai^^Qeo QuorQm^.
The place nouns .a/QiifPaarr 'America' and siPdj^jBa/f Virudhunagar' in the
sentences ^seitiûjeSiiiaib .J^QmiPiaiT Guadrftjirih and fiiia etS'ciTf^paii
Ouirfffiiiamn ? are expected to have the case marker - a^ to denote the
dative of direction. But, note that it is optional in these sentences.
Sandhi: i.ili_Lb + C-Cso * i.ili_}BgjGo
^liiSeoih + B-Geo -* j^SeOfi^Qeo (Refer S.17 in 2.13)
cWLJu + Guoresfiiia i'xSiuuu Gusresfiiim
/B6bo5(r + QîPiqth > fisieoir^ QfiifiLjih (Refer S.20 in 3.20)
fOrQerrA^ + airQeouSGeo jbirOerrs^ anQeouSQeo (Refer S.18 in 2.14)
V
: UNIT: 8
LES S ON 39
WILL YOU PLEASE GIVE THIS BOOK TO HIM ?
DI A L O GU E
wCSirffl^ : sju/r/f, firiia /B(r<S1rr<s6(gJ
GuirrffmiaxnnQui,
I#'LLIIJ.@IJ GuirfflJ/Bj-
Sir, (I was told that) you are going to
Chidambardtn tomorrow, Is it true ?
Yes...Who told you ?
Professor (Sundaram) told me...Will
you go to Annamalai University ?
Yes, (1) will go.
^^Qfi9 fffiûiS lit
seniT ?
^.uiTiTil.Quiem(SGeo
0{ r . . . cSjsuGljr jSgTCeffifT?
QairQuiSriiseiTiT ?
-(?!rffl% ; êbQeo. jbirm t_(ri_/f
C=g/jr/T U365r<Stl(o)L_ LJ
(yj/fjSjS STcarJilQi- cS/djsusTrsu/r
6!if/rQjfibsUjS'olgcS "
itrm-ir snJenuiuiTSiL-
QiîLfih GuiTiiia. êua^-
Lesson.39 / 343
Will you. m6iet Dr. Sachidanandam ?
Who (is he) ?...(Do you mean the
person) who is the professor in the
English Department ?
Yes. Will you please give this book
to him ?
Alright. Is it that you have studied
English from him ?
No. I have studied from Dr. Sethu-
raman. Do you have (any) Tamil
poetry books ?
I do not have many. Do (you) know
Dr. Panneerselvam ?
(Yes, I) know (him).
(You) please ask him. (You) please
go to Dr. Subbiah also. He has also
many poetry books.
Alright sic, I will ask Dr. Panneer-
selvam.
u6irOTfff<ola=sb6U)Sgj-
(fiilGlL-ss Ga&i^Gjpm.
DR I LLS
a. Variation drill
8. 39\ ISO, finasT Ga^îjnindrSiLQi-iu uitîfGs^dt,
>ff6Br uenrsfff itQ#d3iJjSgl*iSLlQL_ G@C(D5r .
îB\fiaae3Q^ anlienuiuirSiLQu. âgj .
Qui;iTSiPiU(tr) ermSiLQiap (ol<?/rCTT@)(5.
sixra 7
8. 39. 131. Ou7i/.#/Puj(5 ffT6BrJLL(oli_# Qff^resngjcj.
b. Build up drill
(t) Cu7(r#rf'iU(5 6T6src5tl(o1i_# CuiTT.^'fPujjj sTmSC-CiO'
Qd=/T3T(g)(r^> <o)*(r6sr(g)(/5.
(iii) ^nrsBT L_rrL./T Gff^^fruJsir-
SiLQtu uii).ffGff3T.
G*g/7/7ir)sr<5LLQL_
i_(r<Bi_ff
(ii) ^(EJ c9/U(5 JL-GliFFI
G)dur<s@fd'fs/a6rrnr ?
C. Expansion drill
(i) jBITSBT G<ss@Gp6Br.
Ga<s<^G{D69T
;Breir G @G(D s r .
(ii) /BTsir uJr).<9=Gff6ir.
G*gj[riTu>6sr^L-QL_Lj uu). *-
GdFr
j6fr5r uiq.<FGffir.
60ii Liiq.ffG#6ii.
(iii) ;gnsj QuTini&. ISJ65 GurrrGjdt.
(iv) a_rej*SL.(o1i_ @(!5(giSiT ?
Lesson 39 / 345
Question-Answer drill
A ; t^LDIT.
(ii) Q: a_fE/<Bi5il(o)i_ lu/r QffiraJriggjnsjffi ?
(iii) Q: L_fr(5_ff eFa^Sîresr^^ênÂ s^^ûiSmiaefTir ?
^(5@(2yC?!r...<:S/siJ(o1(riSjSTG6!n- ?
A : ^LDIT.
(v) Q: 0mi& êu(rf,SL-QiUJiT ^liiSsoih uiq.3=^m)m ?
uuf.o'Ga'eiT.
(vi) Q : 2_miJLL(olL_ îB{pmss'Q^ @(5ffi@jS/r ?
A : eTSSTSiLQi êijeueiTeuiT Â)Qeo.
(vii) Q : c^/euffi'^LL'"'' ^/BiS^j L/6ro<sajS(oljS QairQiliL?liiaerrir?
A:
. Substitution drill
(i) Gui;nSif'uj(!^ eT65r<fiil(oli_a=
(olff (7657(65) (/J.
Substitute
aTU6S)uin!iSiL.Qi
(ii) /BfTfiir G(gGfD65r.
accordingly.
IbiTfiia
jbULD
0
,^SlJ65r
(ol5^(r65ri65)(5.
(oli9=(r6BT(65){f5.
Clfffresrtgsx/j.-
Gu!rT#(Puj(5 G<9=g/(j:/7-U)65ridillClt_<9=
Q(F/r65T(65)([5
/Bnr65T Gaffi@Gp36ST.
jbrruD GaiB@G(2yii).
3461 An InUnsive Course in Tamil
(iii) fiiTsir ^fiûGueir.
accordingly.
rbiriD
(iv) jffm/ffi (ola(r(5L/L3'(B/<56STr(r ?
verb suitably.
cup
(v) ;f (Bia Gun^si?/ii6BsirTn- ?
Substitute, and conjugate the
verb suitably.
euiT
smtLQ
ufPtDfrp
(vi) 0ima GuiTiffmiA.
verb suitably.
Glair
GaaîjT}.
9jaiimi(S GaA^rijjmia.
fiiresT aF^ûGuesT.
jBTfQds a^ffiûGutrih.
Ibnwa^^ûGuiTib.
0 ffffiûGu.
jgfBJa UK).UL?/Bja6ir(r ?
;ffEJi35 6 T U L f (QfiSOT/r ?
;ff(BJ ciipuLf/BioOT/r ?
jfmja uniTLJiSiiiaerTiT ?
jffffiiffi ajTaranJiuLffBiafflfTir ?
^liia GuneiSmiaeiTiT ?
^fE)<sB si;()56i?iE)smT ?
jfnsia afflrL.6iS'fBia6TrT ?
urf'tD/rgjiSiffEjassmr ?
^(Biss Gff((5S57/E/6Trff ?
^*a<s5 ^ClQeiffmiaerTiT ?
fSiiia GuirrSma.
jjJiBja Qff/rebgj/fiy/Bya. . ,
I
Lason 39 / 347
Ibnair utn-AQâiT,
jbrreir QuirGesrair.
jbireir QîrmGesran'.
jbireir QairQ^GâiT.
ffiirorr a^^jSa=CJ<fear.
QairQuiSiisaetrir ?
$iiia Guire3maerTit 1
^mis fffiûdmaetrir ?
$ms uisûiSmsierrir ?
j^ms QsîrA)^63iii&errir ?
jf (BJ QuireSiii&errir ?
fiisia uuÛLSiiimetrir ?
jf/BJ QTU(J'fBJ656trT ?
0mia ffiûiSmiaerriT ?
EX ER C I S ES
below.
Model: 0iiia GuirîiiaeirirQui,.. js/r ? (true)
fiiiia Guir^miaemrGm, a.stnrrQiCjsn't^ ?
(i) ss_(Eia<SilSli_i5 ^ty> i(5(S}ST ? (poetry)
(ii) jbireir 59;6U(5<!6L.QI_ .*(5#64r. (learn)
(iii) fiireir ueiresfnfQffâieu^^ScQi Ggom. (ask)
/BfTssr
uj/r(5
Qs'ireir^mia
Gui;rrSiPuj(i^ Guirîiis
C65(gT5
(vii) jbireir uuf.^Go'eir.
verb suitably
GuiT
Qair
^fi0
(viii) jfiiia QairQudmiaerTiT ?
verb suitably.
C U T
Ulq.
QffTsbga
(i) jsireir CSuTCsufiBT,
jbirerr uLf.uGueiT.
jbireir QairuGueir.
jbirm sFfi^CsGuem.
i. Include the locative form of the item given in parentheses as shown in the
example.
Example : ^jBjSU qsTOjSa^Glâ QsnQAiQfSiisaeiTn'? (. a/su)
pyiEiaBcrr/T ?
(i) uj/r(5 QffîT^tîsia ? (0mia)
(ii) CLj(r/T#/Puj(5^ff6ir Sl-Ffrsirig). (JBTCTT)
(iii) jfm/a uii).<J=#rBiSTf/r ? (Gffîrfricssr)
(iv) ;gmia Ga^m/ a. (uearcijfifQa^sbsutri)
Example: G^gUTinsh^L-Qi-. Gffgjiririnsjr + Locative
(i) 0mia + Locative :
(ii) /tfrear + Locative :
(iii) c9jsu(5 + Locative :
(iv) uesTSsfUQsêbeudi + Locative :
k. Write the word represented by the formula.
Example : GuitGeum GUIT + Future
(i) ffiBjS + Future :
(ii) GlaiT + Future :
(iii) uu^ + Future :
Model: A', JBTSBT G<fî;iTLD6irSCQiU uuô'Ga'^,
(i) ^Bireir ueireiff/rGlffsbfiij^gjjLLQia Gaa@G(D65r.
(ii) jBfTSJr ^ftj(5<SLL(oli_a (o)a;r(5@GrD6sr.
(iii) finesT ffrues)uujrTSiLQiu GuirGtpsir-
(iv) jB/TSST CS/6U(5<SL.(O1L_ .^liiSeOLD un)-#Gff6iJr.
Model: A". GuirfrîPiu ermSiLQiS' (olffirsing).
(i) arG(r6>% irruemuiurrdSiKolLU Gutn^^rr,.
(ii) jBiresr c9/su(5<Sil(oli_ c^mi.di60ijb uii)-a=Gff6Jr.
(iii) c9JU(!5 ermSiLQiu qsrOjsajsGlâ (olafr(5<s^(r((5.
(iv) jBffsir G*g/7(rL06ffr.5tl(oî_u uuj-^Ceir.
Lesson 39/349
m. Frame twelve sentences from the table given below as in the example,
Example : jB ^(5<f iilG)i_* Q^/raJga.
0
fiitesT
0
' STU6S>UUJ!T
n. Fill in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated forms (past) of the
verb Q*n-sbg2/ 'tell'.
(i) QUI;ITSIPIU(Q ermSiLQi^
(ii) iLtrr( Si-iiiaîLQi
o. Answer these questions.

(i) /ffmjs giiSfp utq.a@rffmiaeiTiTQm, a_6iror(Slin<s(r(6S) ?
(ii) iSiiim o-iiia <J^<#/fiujQ;r<s= s^fiûLSmiaemr ?
(iii) jStiia u-nrfrffSiLQi^ î^tp utsÂig)0tiim ?
(iv) ffl_mi<s5.5LL(S1i_jS jSii'tpa asiPfolja (5@giT ?
(v) /ffraa fieoeonA aBsiyQjS erQ^êSsiimetrnQu^, sêmQia^nt^ 7
V O C A B U L A R Y
ffi-sairGlLO 'true' i_(rii_(r 'doctor'
isûnnC-Quxm 'department' &vBQ^ 'poetry, poem'
Gsigrg 'ask'.
G R A M M A R
5.39.130. In this lesson, the locative is used to denote the person with whom
the action is performed. Note that this is expressed by the marker -SCQL-
attached to the animate nouns. Example:
8. 39. 130. Gu(r/r^/Puj(5 er^SiLQ\-iF Qs^naiT^tjt,.
We may conclude that the locative is marked by the markers -Geo / -^Qeo/
-Si-Geo and SiLQi in Tamil and they are added to inanimate and animate
nouns respectively.
8.39.131. iLfff 'who' is an interrogative pronoun. It has the pronominal
suffix -dîiis in the verb predicate when it occurs as the subject of a sentence.
Example :
S. 39. 131. uj/r Qa^nekiQiiiia ?
dffffi^nesTfiîh + ffT > ffS'^^nesrfi^^Q^
Heioâih + ST > i^sivâ^Q^
ffTsirSiLQu. + (ol^freBTigô ereirSiLQts' Q^rrsJrigff)
(@ai@jST ? Refer S.22 in 4.25)
qstOjSajsS'^s + Q/TuLfffi/<BCTr/r ^qsrOjaajsAjSa Qa/rûLf/EJaOTyr ?
usBTfisf/fQfffibsujsGl^ + GljSiPajiDir j'Usirsirf/rQffsbfiUjsGljajS QcSfPiquiff ?
fbiBlfi + anSlSljS jSii'ipaaoS'QiB (Refer S.4 in 1.2)
UNI T 9
LES S ON 40
GUIDING TO THE
C ENTR A L INSTITUTE OF INDIAN LANGUAGES
DI ALOGUE
îmuf-ium eoirmiG cu-
ggSTO 6T/B/G ?
^ (5 @ . . . . a_ re; a-
(ST5|gu usn) eioLffeoBTil
Sir, where is the Central Institute of
Indian Languages ?
(It) is in Gangotri.
Where is it, sir ?
It is nieat Saraswathiputam...
Do you know the bus stand ?
îPQeufi : Q 9 air iL If A) ueio
eroiiremiLûGesr... ?
QîPtqiiia.
oj^fiuQuiraaair: ^liia uî^feoirih
jBLDLJif ueivGeo e^pmiiss.
CS u IT ig, ih. î^G s
amesTL-iT êkefouf-Uf.
ueio sfOi_rru ' ^ i S i g g i -
cS/miOa eriDiiii^mia . .
âirerouû^tijfC. ^ " o u
î5Ti}.uj5r eoiTiejGeu-
eresTesT
euiûGuiTsam : (jp sir (5 C so
6 TOGl_ LLtI J. s f t)I lJ. 6 f O
iq. u IT a iLQ mem (S
?
suyPiJGu(r6S6sr . ^ su so
(^.UfT/ftlQtOSWT
(Do you mean the) Central
stand.? (I) know (it) sir."
bus
You please board into the bus (which
has the) number fourteen. That will
go to Gangotri. There is a bus stop
opposite to the Institute of Kannada
Studies. (You) please get down there.
The Central Institute of Indian Lan-
guages is (situated) behind (that
Institute).
What is in front of (the Central
Institute of Indian Languages) ?
In front of (the Central Institute of
Indian Languages) there is a Gandhi
Mantap. To the right side there is
the department of Statistics.
What is in the left side (of the
Institute) ?
There is (a) Zoology department.
Thank (you) very much, sir.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
9. 40. 132. mjGa/rjsrf ^(feh}eu^Lii;îaig,LJ us&îGeo
ueio eiviiTu aêsrirr @eirfoi4.iji).jyil(5<B(S CT^GIT .
sTg}A^ (tp6rig)Ga> atrfiîDeAnûih ^ a ^ i ^ ^ ?
sTiiiGsi air^îcaifri-uib ^(if/A^^ ?
Lesson 40 j 353
b, Buiid up drill
(i) aiiiQ&iTpfi <9=(rsiusUi5q!rg-
gi/isij u<s<9Bgg/Geo
UiSiSjSgjGeD
<SF !rrosu<5(-/!r j a g / @
(ii) <5/r^^li3ISTL_UU) ^6SrST0U).lr).-
(jpssrtgjGso
^cjrafoirj. ^ i l (5
<5frfBîr)6i(im_uii
(iii) af5iG/r<5fP eT/BgLJuiaii)
ansiGafrjSiP
C. Expansion drill
(i) ueio sfoiTU ^ ( 5 @g l '
asfiirsBriiT ^ssferotq-L).-
(ii) eioGi_ilii).6rOi4.<asio ^.uitHiL-
g!6sr6roi().ii)-iy,L_<s susogi
u<aajSg;Geo ^ ( ^ a ^ g i '
m/Ga5Tg(P ff76roeu<5q!FiS)'a@u
uaajSgiGso ^ a @g ) .
uaagg/Geo @ @g ;
ff!r6fusijji_/!r<agi<@u uaasgg/Geo
<ssmjGi35/rg(P <y!rsT0eL/^L/!r<5;@u
uojj.iif.y,LLao (ipeirigjGeo
a/r/BjLD6OTTL_uib ^saretotq-ii).-
(y, LL(g (ipeJrtgsjGeo @(5(Sg/ .
amiGsTg/f erjBgu uaasLb
^ ( 5 g i ?
erjBgu UcScStii) ^ (5 @g i ?
fHjG/rgiP erjBgu uaaiii
uero eioi_/ru @(5<s@gi.
uero eioiiTU mmssTtir ârsroiÛf.-
yî l @ eTgjG(r @(5(Sgj .
sroGi_u.ii).sroii).sio iûiriTL--
BroGi_L.tq.6ioiij.asto H).urr/ftl-
QuMsir @irefoiif,K).jLiLLa(g
sueogjuaajSgiGsD @(3ag/.
(iii) amjCairjS'P ^(Sagg). am/Gaffji/P ^ A^ g l .
dîrsrUeu^qiTjag/aigiJ u a a g - arsiGan-jsrP j^^sroeuj^L/^jigfa!!!
giGso ^ a og ; . uaaj SglGso g oAs g ;.
(i) Q: amiCSas/TjS'P C T^ J S U uaato ?
(ii) Q: fi-M/aiCTjaBig usfo 6ft>t_/r6iiirT(5 (oljS/Piqtn/r ?
A : (ol<yssnl.!rsb usJo eioiiremQ^nQeisT, QîPiqiiia.
(iii) Q: srrjg/ uaatri erssrssr ?
(i) araGaTjafPaigiJ
accordingly.
su/r
QffisiriisL/
(ii) ^6irsi)ii).f<}.y^LL(5(gu uAs^-
Substitute
uetiû<95<95^^Geu
CTL_gJLJ<5^fijGa3
(iii) 0iiis usfeCso srrpflsis.
Substitute
airifGso
{ru5>6i3GJ
AjeRTiq-uiiGa}
(i) tfjrsitisu^qiT^giaû
u s s g j G c
UCTU siui_fiu gsirsruti).!!}.-
cSjgj miG<sn-jE(Pis@u Gurr^ti).
asffi/Gair^/Pa^ 6U(5iB.
cSJg/ <Bf5jGiS/r<S(P<5igu i^puuQih.
^6Jr6fOK)-II}.y,ll(5ffi@ suso^
jf fs>a uefoGeo erpmis.
î5ia s/rrfGeo ejpmjs.
jff<x eus3irru).(L?Geo sjpisja.
Lesson 40 / 355
usfo sYOi_/TLJ ST/Bû uAaih
^ C 5 @^ ?
usfo SfOIfTU 6Tg/a@ STg/GiT
6Br6STi_/r ^sireTOii}.^.- er g / a (tpeartSBjCJso ^{5iSgJ?
y,tl(56s@. (Lpeiri^Qeo
&ir^ûêmtuih ^m<sk!uû^- aiT^^memiUii ergyaû
@(5a(Sgy.
EXERCISES
below.
Model : sTrB<s ? (side)
5^@y sTjBjSU uaaii) ^(5<s@gy ?
(i) asr6ffri_rr ^6rsfot9.r).yj,LL(5(g 6^(5 uefo STOL- TU
^(5a@g/. (opposite to)
(ii) @^ - (behind)
(iii) a(r^jSt)6Bifri_uu5 ^(fja^g/. (In front of)
(iv) 6fo(Ji_Llii}.6rO(4.<s56fo iq-UfTfrilSlLDSirar ^ ( 5 @g / .
(right side)
(v) sTsJrsBr ^(5<as^ ? (left side)
(vi) liia. (gratefulness)
^ g / assrBri_nr ^ssrsfocf.^.-
y,Ll(Sia@U LS'68T(SB)C60
^ a i g g y ,
(r/B;5u36i>BT_Uli) ^65T6r01:}.U).-
^l(5(g (ip6ir(gB)Go
(ii) sS/gy *!r6f06Uj5q!r^gya@u
uaajSgyGso
ufifo 6fOL_/ru êsrek)i^.u^-
(y,LLa(g ergyGtr ^ a @g y.
cS/gy assrssTL/r ^sBrefoi^-ir).-
^LL(5ia@ (ipsjr(5)660
^(5a@gy.
a!T^î>emiuih êffrsronj-trf.-
y^LL(5a(gu L5'66T(g)G60
^(5a@gj .
(iii) c9<gy 9=!rsroaj^qtr^gya(giJ
uaajSgjGeo ^0<S(ggy.
U6fo sfoi_/ru ^65rsT0iij.ii).-
j y, L. a@ STgyGir
h. Add the given postpositions suitably to the sentences given below.
(i) uj SgiGo : ffirsrofiiijSqfrjSgia (5' (S' '
(ii) sTgjOjr ; amesri-ir ^sOTsfoiq-i^-jytl* ^ c5 S i '
(iii) L9m:s)<Ieo : sekesiL.rr ^meitiuû^\L},L.QA(S^
(iv) (Lpeiris)Geo : airfiînemiU^Âigf ^ a ^ g J -
(v) 6iJ60g/u<s<g5jSg/(2so : eh3GtL-i^.eiOuf.Aerv t<j.(jfr(til<olu)6BJrr(5
Example : (Ju/rîo C U T + Future (non-hum.)
(i) L/jDUU + Future (non-hum,) :
(ii) expmiig + Future (non-hum.) :
(iii) + Future (non-hum.) :
(iv) QaernhLj + Future (non-hum.) :
(v) î^. + Future (non-hum.) :
(vi) QffiT + Future (non-hum.) :
j. Change the underlined words to corresponding questions.
(i) a=(r6rOsUiSq!rggj<B@tJ uaaSjSgiGfiO ^ a ^ g j .
(ii) 6Lisogju<s6gg/GfiO eioGiiLiq.eiouâeio iq-UTTiKoltDowr
^(!5<i@gj.
(iii) tSigj myG6BT<sfPiS@u Gu T^ i i .
(iv) aiiiGanîPuSGeo ^((5<s@g;.
(v) c9(gj<ss@u LPssriOTjCa) @(5 @g j .
(vi) eT(_giuu) ^suTsog^ H).uT/rLl<o)tDsiwr ^ ( 5 @g ; .
k. Frame questions for the answers given below following the model.
Model: A; aiEjCaTgrP îfshieuîîj^gjAû uacSBggjGfl)
^(565(5g/.
Q: (EjGTjS(P 6T/&G @(5@gl ?
(i) USTO sfOL-TU 6B5r6Bn_T ^sirsroiTf-Lj-yjiLL* erg/Gjr
(ii) ffiir^j^LDsnariUii) ^sir6foir).ii).y,Ll(g gpearigjGeo ^ a ^ g i .
(iii) 6ToGL_LLji).6roa}.i56fo tq.u(r)Ttl(oliJD6WT nj60g;u<BggjG60
Model : A: ueio eioinu sssresTL-rr ^65r6TOiq.a).y,il(5'a@
ffTgjGir @(5@g/ .
Q: usfo 6n>i_TU eTg;(g ergjGtr ^(f j a^gJ ?
(i) sir6sn_T ^meiouîi^\^L-Q&(û LPSBTISSJGSU GlaêJrLLirsb
^sirsTi)U}.ti:}-y,LL 5ôoU êssTUf-iueir eoirmiGeuêio @(!5g;-
Lesson 40 / 357
(ii) 6yo((_ilii)-6n)i}.sto trûuniLQisiemQ ^sJrefoiij-iij-^LL*
(iii) iBjG/r<sfP iSf;r6i06Uj54!r<ag/<5@LJ u6B6B^giCo ^(5@igi.
Model : A: sueoûAa^^Qeo sn;Gt_LLii}.6ft)ii).iBsfo
Q; eT^jSLJUcSBa^giGsu syoGi_Lltij.sfouj.asn;
tI}.U(r/TLL(o1ti3S5T @(5@g/ ?
(i) sTi_gj uaii) ^sufrsogj' i^-unniLQuiemQ
(i) ffjrsfoajjSqtrLQ + a_Gso : (ii) mjGafr<s/fi + ^Gso ;
uaffiii + E-Gso ;
anp^memiuih + 2- Gso:
(i) affi/Gafr^/P ST/ BÛ uaati ^c!5*@J^ a_/Bjat6T5(g<s
Gl^/Piqin/r ?
(ii) a/T^jj^LflsjraTiuijb srisjGa ^ a o g / ?
(iii) a_mja LJ6fr6ifPa>.i_^gjaig eTgjGjr srsOTSffr ^ a g g J ?
(iv) 2j_m/a sifLLâ^Lj uaa^gjGso srsarssr ^(j aogj ?
(v) 22_mja asir(5G6D uîêoaih rbihuiT usfo ^(j a^^f f ?
V OC A B U LA R Y
sro/T/r
^sisin'iij.ujsJr
uaaio
sTgjGjr
susog/ uaaiii
sTigjuaaib
/BSSTfl?
GR A MMA R
'Sir'
'Indian'
'side'
'opposite to'
'behind'
'right side'
'left side'
'gratefulness'
(olffssTLltrsb
so/TfE/Gsu^sfo
uaa^g/Gso
usfo sfoi-fru
(y)6ST@)G60
'central'
'languages*
'near'
'bus stop'
'in front of
sfoGi_LLi<).sfoii).a6fo'Statistics'
gjSUfTso^ 'Zoology'
suyJuGufraassT 'trespasser'
9.40.132. uaajSgyGso 'near', ergiGir 'opposite to', (tpssrig^Gso 'before, 'in
front of'etc., are postpositions. Unlike in English, they are placed after nouns
and hence they are called postpositions. The nouns are, in most cases obli-
gatorily declined for dative case. Example :
9. 40. 132. aiE/GafrjS'P *76fosuc5q!riSg/a@u uaa^g/Gso
usfo sfoi_(rtJ 6B6sr65ri_(r ^6ir6f oi4. L}. îla@ sTg/CiT
3S8 I An Intensive Course in Tamil
Note that a=(rsfusu^Lj!rii) 'Saraswathipuram' is declined for the dative case.
In spoken Tamil, at times the dative case marker is optional. Example :
smiQaiTîf fftrefoeUj^Ljiril) uas^^Qeo ^(j a^g i etc. These postpositions
are correspondingly questioned by sriijGa 'where'. Example : awQsnîP
erriiCSai ^ c5 @g / ?
Sandhi : uaatb + SL.Geo -> usa^^Geo
êJrsfoii}.U).îl(5@ + tSesTQCso ^ ^meiatîs>.îL(Â^LJ iSeirt^Qeo
afsjCsffi/rîPa + Guff^m (BiGrr}SiP<s@iJ Gu(r@ii) (Refer S.18 iti 2.14)
UNI T 9
V
LES S ON 41
WI TH THE PEON
DI ALOGUE
@6tOTU}-UJ6ir eonmiQeu-
ejsYU ?
{b rr ssT . QtjiT^ÂGeo-
jSii(p UK}.(g(3y(f5...
Is this the Central Institute of
Indian Languages.?
Yes, who are you, sir ?
My name is Trivedi. I come from
Rohtak. I am a friend of Mr. Suresh,
He is studying Tamil in this Insti-
tute...May I see him now ?
A
t5iy,5r : ^ f jSrrjrtTOTLCfru uirif *-
GsouiTtli-rf'uJ'Geo ^ u -
GIDQSO {STSJr ^ ( 5 @g i .
6U@tJi-( ^G(p ^ i _ @i i s . . .
sDfr/B/Gsvj^ GfiOLj(rLL(_-
(Pa^ QsuerPGuj s ^
^ cfr (srj m/ a. ^S/ gJ*-
^sfrGsTT G so u !r t l I fP
^(f j aûb. L' sio i _ (T
U(Tff<s<asofrLb. ^Si^^
c9((o)p(g susog/uaaixi/r
GLOGSO Gu/ rm/ a. cS / g j a
(tp6T@)GsU ^syiBjS
0t r ^ 6 TOt _ / TG6 O 9 0
Guff'BJ'S.
jg/PGsu^ : <f fP-.-Guigs) ^(5@^/ T? Alright.,.(Do you) have a pen ?
Oh ! By all means (you) can see
(him). Now he will be in the lan-
guage laboratory. You please go up.
(Do you mean) upstairs ?
Yes sir...The language laboratory is
in the upstairs (of this building).
The classes are conducted in the
downstairs... There is a door outside
of the language laboratory. (You)
please push it. Inside is the language
laboratory. You can see Mr. Suresh
there. Please go to the upstairs
through the rightside of that room.
Please put your signature in ' that
register before (you proceed).
iS^êk : c9(/B^ G ti Q a @
GLDGSUGUJ ^ ( ! 5 @ i . . .
a_fEja anuQiu -
C Lo Q .9= a @ a dGy:>
65)6U/EJa.
L? sir iQ) G 60 (olafra-
aLl(pii(r ?
îPGeu^ ; Qijrnhu rhsirrff.
^y,6Br ; uirsuffuJfsbQso/Bia.
(There) is (a pen) on that table
itself (You) please keep your bag
under that table.
Shall (I) give this pen afterwards ?
Alright, sir.
Thank (you) verymuch.
Don't mention please.
Lesson 411 361
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
9. 41. 133,
GfiOUirilifP vSiÂi^ a-sfrGsrr ^([ 5 @g / .
/ f f f E / cS/g/@ Qfimt^QsO ej)(Q 65)6S(Sluj(JPiSgJLl
b. Build up drill
(i) G6pM;ril(_fP ^gj<a@ GLDGSU
GLDGSU
GsouirLLt-fP
(ii) euigjun ^giffiiga <G(p
/Biaigtc
.SGy)
(iii) sp(5 a^siy GsOLJirL-i-iPffi
(OISUSTPGUJ @(5(gLb.
QsusrPGiu ,
G60Lj(7ili_fPi5(g
C. Expansion drll
(i) G60U!rilL_(P ^ g | .
^ g / ( g si_sfrGsTT ^ g ) .
(ii) 9"f f i^j ^ i i .
G6i7ui7ui._fPa(S GlfljfflrPGuj
GLDGSO ,@<s@gJ
Csoup-U-iiP ^ g J @ GUJGSO
ffi^si) GeoujTL-ifPiS
(olsusrf Guj ^((5@m
GeoujTLlL-iPiS (olsusirPGiij
^/ 5 l .
>s5^6i/ Gcouf nlL-zf a (SIsiisrPGiiJ
QSUSKPGUJ @(5@ii).
GfiOU[rtlifP ^ g J '
<56DU(rilL_rf' ^ g / ( g sa-'sfrCfirr
6P(5 g64^c(5@ix).
6^ ajSsij Gou{rili_]Pa(g
QSUSTPGUJ @(5@Lb.
d. ' Question-Answer drill
êmin.iuasr eoirmiQajggeio ?
A : t^LniTiiis.
(ii) Q : fitim êuQifiJ uiriiaaaiiiimT ?
A: fji ! fiaifnerriiiiiu uiTirAasoinh.
(iii) Q : QiaCSsoiuir ?
A : ,û>itiiis, CsouiJ-jlL-iP CujCsOjS/rsJr
(i) iCj p su@UL/ jBi-@tb.
verb suitably. .:
(ii) CfiOup-L-L-iP @g J @ GIDQSO
Substitute
a-sfrCerr
ST;
(iii) dWi/(!5 ^t^tP uuâ(S'!5(3-
verb suitably.
Cou(rtli_/P ^@/iS@ <d?Gy3
Gsou{rL-L_fP SlfiuarPGuj
Ge0u!rtlL.rfi^gj6S|gLj uaa^^Geu
g/Goj ^ @@/ .
Coujrilt_(P @g/<S(gi 6i76CigyujS-
g/Gso
GsouîlifP erg/Cp-
GsoufTL-L-iP ^g;<B@ (tpsffTigjGfio
Lesson 41 / 363
6wuLy ^Sjp/B-@ii). s uiguq ffT/BjS î_<56@(i ?
<5BjS6i/ SlffusjPGuj ^(5a@,ii). agsi/ srre/Ca ^ ( 5 t b ?
C6UU7L.i_/P CUJGO) - Gepujru-L-iP crmj Ga ?,
GeouifiLiiP si-ehQesT , Gsouirtli-iP 6Tm;(| ^ a ^ g i ?
EXER C I S ES
g. Fill in the blanks usihg the cues given in parentheses as in the model
given below.
Model: ^mi& GuirrBJa. (upstairs)
(i) 6u@Liq. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . jBi-@u). (downstairs)
(ii) ................@)(5 i S6 4 ^(5(gt). (outside)
(iii) f p. . @(5<B@ii. (door)
(iv) mia. (push)
(v) . i s j g i a G60ij{rLLL_if' ^ ( j a ^ m. (inside)
(vi) ^ g / a ......,..6inaQuj(ipggjLj Guir^f Bia. (before)
(vii) Gl^gJerotîrGso 6^(5..... Gu/Tisia. (signature)
(viii) ^LLGadero GioQiâ eneumia. (under)
(ix) G u OiflQ*a@ f f igJ' (on)
(x) ^f Bgu GL/ig)(ol6U Qaijjjâailu)/r ? (afterwards)
h, Add the given postpositions suitably to the sentences given below.
(i) GLOGSO ; ^ g / a ^ffia^ggj.
(ii) d?G{p : ^ g j a jBL-a@ib.
(iii) QsusrPGuj : GeouiTL-L-iPa agsij ^(jaoub.
(iv) S2L.rrG6tr.: c9(gj a ^(ijaîi).
i. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the item given in paren-
theses.
(i) GIDGSO GfiOuiTilt-fP ^c!5@^- {^&)
(ii) G\fi 6ii@ijq ^ i _ ai i . (tS/g/)
(iii) ...QsuciPGiLi g j agsij ^ a @t i (CfiOU(rtli_rP)
. (iv) ................eueogjuaaio/r GmGea Guaiiia. (^Q(o)
j . Write the word represented by the formula.
Example: fiiîîh J6i- + Future (non-hum;)
(i) ST + Future (non-hum.) :
(ii) LJU). + Future (non-hum.) ;
(iii) gtC-Q + Future (non-hum.) : . . . . . . . .
(iv) sjaril + Future (non-hum.);
(v) QaitemQsutT + Future (non-hum.): ...
Example : ^ ( J J U LI TOJ + Future -
(i) L/nj. + Future ;
(ii) (girf. -1- Future:
(iii) Q&ITQ + Future :
(iv) ST + Future :
(v) iiffiGljril Lftq. + Future ;
I. Change the underlined words to corresponding questions.
(i) GeouîLi-iP ^g;<a@ GicGsu ^(!5gi-
(ii) 6ij@uq <CP{P jbtA^LD.
(iii) ^G1(D<5@ susogjuaastnfT Guiraeomli.
(iv) cS/ou ^ffr6fou)-ii)-y,LLG60 îBy:i um-a^tnya^. -
(v) jBiTSBT Gif!TemÂQeou3(i^^^ euQipssr.
(vi) ^6U(g û?tp uiq-A@(ig(5.
m. Frame questions for the answers given below following the models.
Model: A.' GeouijiLifi ^ g / * GLOGSO
(i) 6U(g5iJLf SGyj ibi-Aîh.
(ii) C6UU[rLLL_/P ^ g / @ E-sfrGsrr @(5<a@g/.
(iii) a^si^ Geoujilt-iPaig QeueiPGiu @(r5<5@i).
Model : A: 6U@ui-/ ^gf @<5 ^Gfp JBIaoii.
(i) C60U[rL-t_fP GI KGSO ^ a i g g j .
(ii) <S617 G60U!rLLi_/Pia(g GISUSTPGUJ ^(i5(gii).
(iii) G60U{rLli_/P ^^g j a a-sfrGerr
(i) firiis sTiiiQa îBy) uiij.a^ftS'mja ?
(ii) 2_mjsB ^6r6T0ir).ix).y,LlG60 so/rMiGsu^ Gsou^tli-rf'
(iii) 6TfE/Gffi ?
(iv) ^6Jr6fo^.ii).y,LlG60 a_/s/6B cu(guq ffrraGa îaîb 7
Lesson 41 j 365
(v) ffl_m/i35 t)/(oljD<@ Sl/6DgJLJatb UJ/rCc(7ffQl cS/SlfO îSlggJ ?
(vi) 2_m/cSB CJLD(O!I?<S@ QIDQSO sTeiresT @(f5@g/ ?
(vii) a_mja5 C u a Q^ a ^ a .^Cljp sreisTm ^ c 5 @g i ?
V O C A B U L A R Y
jS(r!r/rrru3T
'without any Cs60U!rilL_/f'
'laboratory'
difficulty/by
ail means'
'up (stairs)' SU(gLJL/
'class'
'down (stairs)'
/B<-
'be conducted'
GISUSTPGIU
'outside' 'door'
jSfflfrigij
'push' 'inside, in'
'before' GljrgJsYUiif
'register'
'signature'
'sign*
bag' 'under'
eneii
'put, keep' 'on/ above'
li'sirigBjCso
'afterwards'
9A1.133. QmQeo 'above, on', 'under, beneath' etc., are also postposi-
tions as we have noted in the previous lesson. As in the previous lesson the
nouris that occUr before these postpfasitions are also iriflected for dative case.
Example :
9. 41. 133. QeouifiLi^^ QmQeo ^csa^g/-
Csouirili-.'P ,s(iA^ SLj^Qetr c5 @g i
These postpositions are questioned in a sentence by eriiiQa 'where*. Example :
Sandhi: îPQeit^ + g)Gli_ > îPCsUj^CSiLi/rSlu.
GeouifCjiP + @So > G(ouifL.iiiûS>CSeo
anu -I- 6T s5)uQiu (Refer S.8 in 1.5)
]B/r(nrinru)(r + u/r(rso/Tijb > ^rrifireirixiiru uirHaseoirih (Refer S,21 in 3,20)
U M T 10
LES S ON 42
ASKING FOR RECOMMENDATI ON
DI A L O GU E
arGjrei^ : CS/ L. i îPQevîutt... ? Hey ! Trivedi--? How are the folks at
2Jsff(5Gfio' ST 6b 60 /T (5 LD home ?
QaêrraSiLiLDiT ?
îPQeu^ : srebsoir^Lb 61a=6TrffiJ- AH are doing well...How are you ?
*C/rB^j : fi n esT QaeiraSiuLoir I am doing well...Did you go to
@(i5a@G{D65r. . .jf ujgj- Madurai ?
(o)!ra(gu GufrGsjruj/r ?
if rPGeUiS : ^mff. ujgjQirt^Gso- Yes. I am just returning from
ui'(5/Bg/ja'r69T euGpeir. Madurai.
Lesson 42 / 367
j y i l @U QutresreuiTtfth
gj,L-(SGeo GeuQeoA-
aira LOgi/iJ GuiT(S(!rj' .
^ u u eu^Gêir.
tfrCjra^ .* sroGlL_G<g) GeuQeoAair ?
ijrGjrffl^ ; ffrmA^^ QîPiuir^.
16 rr esT ^ iS eio G eo
Gl*(rbg2yGp6sr.
(û/rrPffr usBBTûGsuiDfr?
SrGijeî: 0a'3'\uiciiTu uem^GpaiT
. . . . . er es r a @LJ U sii@Mq
. /Birin ,:9)LJL/-
PLD UfTfruGufTlDT ?
GISUSTPGUJ aiTji^Scja-
giGfiO euGpsir.
I came to this institute last week. (I)
am going to Madurai tomorrow.
What is your younger sister Latha
doing ?
She applies for a job in this institute,
I have now come (here) to enquire
about that.
Is it for the post of a steno ?
Yes. Will she get this job ?
I do not know, I will talk (to the
people) in the office.
Will you (please) recommend her
(for this post ?)
Certainly I will do,,.Now I have
class. Shall we meet afterwards ?
Shall I wait for you outside ?
Alright, I will be back in fifteen
minutes.
DRI LLS
a. Variation drill
JO. 42. 134. c5/fiii Gsi/(o)60aa/f usguuGu/r^cfp.
isrreir a-gin-aairaa &jr^^(!f)A&CiSii! ?
0 ^ U(g 5 a / r = Sun^sr uem^Geutua ?
b. Build up drill
(i) êu GeuQeoAsiTSi LD@IU-
inûGuirQurj
GeuQeoAaiia
(ii) fiirek SiêsrA^tnaii air0^(rf)A-
aL.e9r<s<95Jra
(iii) $ êui^sairaep û/r/P*
u^^Gojiun ?
c. Expansion drill
(i) =9/6u GuirQinj.
CeuQeoaaiTa GunQ(ir)
(ii) firresT a/Tgtc5<silii3ff ?
2j_s5ra<35ffaa airjS^c!5-
(iii) ^ usBJTOTyGsuujn- ?
(#u/TfPft uswT^Geviujfr ?
t^suiSTjaa/Ta uem^Geviuir ?
qôU Ggi/Qeoaaira L0g2>iJd(Jir(r)7.
u)gMiJGu(r((y
GsuGlsoaajra u3g)iiJGu/r(27
cS(6u GfiuQeoaffiiTffi tog)/uGu)T(27.
as_65rajra air^^(5ffiilin(T ?
<au-iD/T ?
^ ,c9feu(â/ra9= #u/rfPa-
u^^j Gs uuj / T ?
usjwr^GsuuJT ?
.û/T/P* usror^Gcuiuff ?
cSjfflJigljaaira* #XJJr/Pa L J # r ^ -
^ ^9jsij@5a(ra^ .Âjffrf'a-
ueoBT^GsunjjT ?
cSfsu Guj ((9.
^su iBguiJGu/r(2y.
c5j6u GeuGlsbaan-a LHÛGUITQISJ'
/Biredr arrg^ffjaaLl^LDfr ?
ffitrew 2!_6sraa/raa afrg^cija
ffiLLtfl(T ?
^ ueirar^jjGffuujfr ?
.ûfffP* uem^Geuiuir ?
jS êui g j aaf r aJ rfiufr/P*
usiwTî/Gsuuj/r ?
(i) Q : cî- ' avG{rsi%T ? aar^Gso srsbeo/rciju) (olffsrraJiULDT ?
A : ET6U60(T(5Lb sjTiSiûjiD/T @(5a@(27rBJa.
(ii) Q : rS eruuiTj. ^(fja^Gfo ?
Lesson '12 / 369
(iii) Q; ^ êuirâiTm ^/6<s QeuQeoQiuA fiuniPoi
A : SAfiuLDiTU
(iv) Q; /BTSBT a-mAm& QeueuPQuj air^^âiL@wiT 7
A : a=(f'.
(i) jBrrsJr a_ s s r a nr * a af f ^^r f j *-
iBiL(^rr 7
Substitute
(ii) jg sTUMii). ^ a ^ Gpj ?
accordingly.
c9<6M65r
(iii) ^rrdr QeuetPGiu mtr^^(rf,&-
aCQLOiT 7
GiaG
eo
a|tlU3(7 ?
rSieiêsT eruCusf. ^(iÂt^êk 7
^Sjsu eruutq. 7
^Bfrsir QSUSTPGIU 65/r<SjS(5LLu)ff?
IbiTsir Gip as/r^jS([5aLL(5ii/r ?
;B/r65r GiuGso air^t^cjjaffiilOiDfr 7
t Transformation drill
(i) jhtest ^siJigrjaa/raa' Sun^m
LisiraT^j/GpsiST.
ibnesT ffi_e5r(SBiSB/r<S<a &IT^^Â~
@G(D6JT.
^ G p ?
3701 An Intensive Coutze in Tamil
g2(G(D6W.
(ii) jbTsir SuntPsr uem^nQipm. ^ û/riP* uemâQeutun 7
ffinesT <STjS^(5ia@GjD6ffr. ^ snss^tQCiQuujn 7
<o)<ffT6bg2iG{D6ar. 0 Qffireb^GpujiT 7
jbrrsir m@)iuGufrGpsir. i jS mguuGufrSGpujfr ?
EXER C I S ES
given below.
Model: ^S/su GeuQeoAaira Guf r. (application)
Q&jQeoAaira icgyu GLJ(T(2?.
(i) <Sieti GeuQeoaairm inj- (apply)
(ii) 0 uem^GeniuiT 7 (recommendation)
(iii) 0 c9j6U(gr5a(r Geuiutr 7 (recommend)
(iv) fBTSBT ussBT^Gfljesr. (definitely)
(v) yBfrew <L-ti>'r 7 (wait)
(vi) jBfTSJr â^s'iuwiT Gnjeir. (do)
h. Include the purposive form of the item given in parentheses against each
of the sentences as shown in the example.
Example : êu mguuGuTOinj. (QeuQeo)
^sii GsuGleoaaTffi )guLiGu/T(!iy.
(i) /ff ûrrifsr uem^Qeuiuir 7 (êu)
(ii) /BfrssT aTjSffioaaLLCSuDfr ? f/ff)
(iii) c*(6u LDg)(uGu/r(2?. (6oG)t_G(gs) CsiiGleo)
(iv) îrsjr 6ij;BGjS65r. (tS/gj)
i. Write the wor^ represented by the formula.
Example : ôiigr^saiTA ^su + Purposive
(i) /B/rsir + Purposive : ...
(ii) finiiia + Purposive :
(iii) fimia + Purposive :
(iv) ^susir + Purposive ;
(v) c9/U(Bj + Purposive :
Lesson 42 / 371
Model : A', fintm tL.ar&anaA air^fiaTfAÔfoeiT.
Q: iS ujiT(Q&aiTaA ait^fiaÂ^p ?
(i) jbireir êuiâair&ip ûir^fft uem^Qpeir.
(ii) jbireir ^sieuQÂairsA Qaîr^^Gpeir.
(iii) /BT6sr ^suigjiffia/Ta suGpesr.
k. Frame eight sentences from the table given below as in the example.
Example : jbire&r tL.esrssirao' ^'uiriPsr uem^Qpeir.
jbirm
iS
SuiTiPffruem^
êueir
(i) c_(E/a(@5@jS gnsiQa ^(iffaîirjmiaeirir ? êuiiia ermesr
Qffîuinjmia 7
(ii) jîiia O-tiis jbemuiiÂmirs epij^ QeuQeoAiÂ ûiriPsr
u6Bsr@l/6ifmifiTr(r 7
(iii) LDirQeouSQeo S-iiia jbemuiif) sO-rLatQÂsiraiA air^^!tT)Uuirijn 7
(iv) jffiBJS a_n5ja UiQetneâ&nm er&srem euiriiii^ffSma 7
(v) mirQeouSiQeo luiraÂmira an^^(iT,LJiJm& 7
V O C A B U A L R Y
efo(Sli_G(6B)
ûirtParuem^
uetisr^pj
'application' LDûGuir
'stenographer' ûirifa^
'recommend'
do'
'minute'
air^îQ
apply'
recommendation
certainly'
wait'
G R A M M A R
1QA2.134:. Purposive in Tamil may be expressed in many ways. In this
Unit, we are mainly concerned with the kind of purposive which is constituted
by a noun and the purposive marker as in other cases. The purposive marker
is formed by adding to the dative case markers. (Refer 2.14.56). Thus,
there are three alternants of purposive markers in Tamil. They are manifested
in three ways in three different environments. They are :
(i) ^ a/ r occurs after the oblique bases of the personal pronouns
T65r-, /Bii)-, B-orr- and the reflexive pronoun JBSBT-. Example :
eT6ijr<s5T for me', ^toaa/ras 'for us', a_65ra(ra "for you' etc.
312 I An Jntenswe Conxtse tn TomW
(ii) - (r occurs after the vowels R;- , ex-, and the conso-
nant uj-. Example : LOffaaoreiSiaa/ra 'for the girl student',
^(olp n- 'for the room' etc.
(iii) -a_<5<S5/ra occurs after the consonants other than the consonant
mentioned earlier. Example : su<s5gj;a/7; 'for the advocate'
u3gji<s5iTa 'for the son' etc.
In a sentence, these purposive markers give the meanings of 'for', 'for the sake
of etc. . Example :
10. 42, 134. GsuQeOffiaTas tfigauGufr^ny.
Sandhi 25. The consonants a, j , jg and u are always doubled after the
purp)osive case suffix. Exaihple :
UNIT 10
LESSON 43
WHY DO YOU WORRY-SO MUCH FOR THIS ?
DIALOGUE
airQeouSQeoerdiQai
GuaGirrfib ?
mQê^ : iBehit-ir ^ri^fi eSCQA-
@L/ Q u n Q ijr) ih ...
c^sii(5<B@ ciOL-jraiGljr
u-\th...ff)n^ ^ en
(o)t_ 60<s/ra/(gi^ <#LJ/rfP-
Suresh, where are we going tomorrow
morning ?
(We) are going to Mr. Murthi's
house...He knows director vpry well...
I will tell him...He will recommend
to the director for Latha.
^StA e;aiT êijeueireif
u GuiraeotTiLiT ?
(ifiiT^0QiLiu UHHLJ-
GujirÂaeorrih.
GuiraeoiTib.
Is it certain that Latha will get (this)
job ?
Certainly (she) will get...Why do
you worry so much for this... ? Shall
we go to Madurai tomorrow ?
First (we) will meet Mr. Murthi.
Then (we) will think of the Madurai
trip. /
Alright, come on. (We) shall go to
canteen.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
10. 43. 135. c9/su(!5 eoîTeijA^<sF .fiuiTiPar usmrêuitdj,
10, 43. 136. $ ejemêbeuenexj ssnQeouuQGp 7
b. Build up drill
(i) ^su sUîTsiâ@j .ÛTfP*
uQGp ?
sjejr aeuQeouu(SGp^
usBJr^sufr
uahTêuiTtrf).
$ ejek aeuQeouuQGjp 7
0 ?'6r a6u(ola3uu(5(D ?
Lesson 43 1 375
c. Expansion drill
(i) SieufTf) ussvrgpsufr.
eofitrâû (JiBsrêuT
CUT.
(ii) jff 6T6Br <95fiu(3]îJu(5i(?(D ?
uQQp ?
^siieiiefTeii ejan- asuOsou-
uG5p ?
,$/u uesirrûeun'. '
LioTOT^ySUT.
^fiiJ fi5)L_!rJ_/f<^L.C)L_
sjsir aeuQeou-
aeuQsouuQQp 7
' (i) Q : fiiTixi itrrQenAÂ anQeouSQeo ermiQaGuirQinjiii 7
(ii) Q: 0^(Tsiy@/Sa^fftuuifr G6u(olo QQi_(gLD/r ?
A: ^{FtgFujUiiTa (o1(95(o1i_<s@ld.
(iii) Q:, JBTU3 jbtQOT<5@ U)g/(ol!r@u GuTcgsfip/riD/r ? ,
A: QujfrêbGso ifsYOiiT (jpffjBjSQujtJ uir/TLiGufru).
î^/L/pti LDgjG1[r@u Gu(rGu/ri2>.
(i) 0 ejost aeiiQe6uu(^G\p 7
verb suitably.
togyuGuirO
(ii) jBTLD GuffGcu/Tti.
verb suitably.
euiT
67P ' .
a_6B(T '
0 76BT U3g))lJGu/r(5G(D ?
^ ecresr Sl^ffsbgjjGpj 7
fiiTU) GuaQeuiTih.
fbifta Q^tuGemnh.
fiiTUi eu(!T)Gffunih'
îriD ejgfiGeuiTih.
ffiiTiD Gl*(rb@2jG6uiru>.
îTLD S-Aaira^GeufTit.
fiiTLci asaiQeouuQGsuiTih.
(iii) /B/ru) uirHuQuitii.
verb suitably
uQ
emeu
(i) cS/su(!5 nJjSffsv** '^'-"f'P*
uanrrêurr-
GeuQeoa uigi/ili
(ii) fiireir 6u(ol6iJuG{D6ir.
/BTfflJr Û/T(P* IJ6silT@)/G(De5T.
EXERCISES
fiitiD unHuQunth,
jBTtfl uQuGuiTLb.
jbirm euûGuiTih.
junoeneutljGuiTth.
usTOrgp/su/r.
c9/u Ge)jQeoaaiT& log^jij GL/rrîir;.
;g 67S5T GUTGid ?
fff ejeir QffffsbgjjGp) ?
g. Fill in the blanks using the cu3s given in parentheses as in the model
given below,
Model; ^ ejeisx GjD ? (worry)
^ ejem aeuQeouuQGp ?
(i) $ 67Jr ...suQoiJu(5>Gp ? (this much)
(ii) /B/riD (ipiT^^Qiusf uGuiTLD, (meet)
(iii) 0 ^gJ@ 655uQuuLj(5Gp ? (why)
Example : GuirGaiiTw QUIT + Future
(i) ^LjfrrP*- uem^ +' Future :
(ii) UfT + Future ;
(iii) aeuQeCuuQ + Future ;
i. Frame questions for the answers given below following the model-
Model : A: /B(T6r aevQeouuQQfDesT.
Q: 0 ejeir aeuQeouu(^Gp ?
(i) /BfTssr Gu(rG(D6iJr. '.
(ii) ffiiTsir Ufm^Gpeir.
(iii) jbireir GI^/Tsbg^jG/Dsar. ' .
Lesson 43 I 377
j. Frame six sentences from the table given below as in the example.
Example : ^su 60j5/r6i/<3B@<9= Sunê/r uem^)]ei]iT(iT).
k. Answer the questions.
(i) fmia ;BiT(olTr@<B atrQeoit^Geo eriiiQa QuirtTSiiia ?
(ii) 60jS/r iLf/r ?
(iii) ujfT 6UjSfrsij<R@<j= #ufr(P* usiwT^surrmiffi ?
(iv) ^ffiD /BfrGlsTTa ii;(ol!r@u QuiraeoirmiT ?
(v) ^(E/ a tnrrGlsoai'Gsu (Samris-eirQeo CTSBTSOT a=(riJii'(5p5'fBi ?
(vi) êmQemA(Q /Bfrssr E_,/EJI35 <3h.i_i3B G6wrifi.gy|g evtriLQioir ?
(vii) 6T6r@ 6^(5 GeiiQso Gsu^jjii. ^fBj SL-IBJ* ^ssirruîfiLKoli
VOCABULARY
^sijsijsirsi^
U/T
'director'
'this much'
'meet'
ssuQeouuQ
Gaeuirifi-sir
'why'
'worry'
'canteen'
GRAMMAR
10.43,135. We had seen in the previous le.sson that the purposive is
expressed by a noun and the purposive marker and that the purposive markers
are constituted by the dative markers such as-(g, -a_<5(g and (Refer
2.14.56) followed by Sometimes, the dative case markers alone can
have the function of purposive in Tamil. The verbs like Suirifsi- usmr^
'recommend', aeuQeOuuQ 'worry' etc., identify the meaning of purposive
here. Example :
10. 43. 135. cSyeu fiOjSTCiy<s5@= Sun^ffr uemêuiT(r^,
V Sandhi : êdeott + GljarPiqii) > /BsbeOffja Qî?iL\ih
(Refer 8.18 in 2.14)
UNIT 11
LESSON 44
DON'T WRITE THE HOMEWORK WITH BALLPOINT PEN
DIALOGUE
LD<ss, êoGeo....? e:ffiL(îj
UfTIlh eT(Lp^QrDUJIT.-- ?
zSl^ sTeJreiJT ?
aeo/T : urrsbuiJuS>e!sinnL GUISB),
in/TLorr. ^{uun QSITQ^-
uiTii3emL- Gui^svirQeo
ST(l^^nG^lhLCl!T. .flTÎT-
ifemLi G Lj (SB) su fr (ol 60
You are the daughter of Mr. Murthi,
aren't you.... ? Are (you) writing
homework...? What is that ?
This is a ballpoint pen, uncle. Father
gave (me).
.Don't write the homework with
ballpoint pen. (You) write (it) with
ordinary (ink) pen....Do you have a
pencil ?
aeiTiT 7
OrGê^ ! fffP, QairQ. O-esrSt-QL-iJ
Gutgsf ÂiQeoujii 7
aeoir: CTOITSILQL. ôiQeo. ûun
,Tcsa uiiTiLGituiT 7
Aeon : [b tr or ffrQssiLniLGL.^.
ffrGjei^ : ûuir ^riiiGa 7
Gu!r<jS)di&. îju 6U(5-
eu rr mi a.... a-Aanaîiia
u)(rLO/r.
Lesson 44/379
(Yes, I) have, uncle. Will (you)
please sharpen this pencil a little with
the knife ?
Alright, give (it). Don't you have
a pen ?
(1) don't have. Father has (a pen).
Will you not take (your)
father's pen ?
I will not take (it). Father will beat
me with stick.
Where is (your) father ?
Father went to bazaar. (He) will
come now...Please be seated uncle.
ffrGffe^ : a=rf'iuii)UHr. Okey dear.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
11. 44. 137. 0 eSiLlûuni^Q^sf ^tt^rtifmru Gui^êutrQeO
lE etîLQu ufTi-iBOjau uttAiunuSemiL Gui^ysunQeo
âjpSmiaeiTiT 7
b. Build up drill (i) ûuiT ereirQmA sihunQeo
mihuirQeo
iûuit eraitQesrs tuhuirQas
tStiq-uuiriiia.
sihuirQeo ûûuitdim
(ii) 0 6ifliJunrL_<8(o)jSL UTsb-
fflf LL (5uU(TI_jS(o)jS
(iii) 0jii& ^^û Gluesr^Qeoa
êiiiiffiii.xerTif 7
Qusir^Qeo
(iv) if nS'LL^LiUfyL-jsCljB* ffirîr-
c. Expansion drill
(i) 0 ercLpgi.
aiTjaiTiresBTu Guig)su;r0so
unuS'omLL Quis)eviTQeo^(Lp^nG^.
6T(ip^frG^
Gu(g)sufr<olsD 6T(ip<s/7G^
urrebunuS'emL- Guts)e>jrTQeo
eT(ip<sfiGtS
6i?LL{S'uun'L_^(ol^LJ u/rsbufruJ'siraTLL
Guis)urTQ60 sTftp^ffG^
UfTui'sisiSTLL GuiS3)SUfrGl60 6T(ip^TG65.
ujnrQeu #'sijri?miSTrfr ?.
s^îuirQeo êi^rSiiiastTrT 7
fsijrffriiaetTiT ?
0mia ^/Bû QuesrS'QeoA as^^-
er(ipgj
Gu@)6i/nr(olo ffT(ipg/
aihuirQeo Ûf-uuiriiia
(iii) jf mi Se^^Kisenn ?
dSjSjSuj/rQso SemiSitisenn 7
Quesr^Qeoa' êijriSriiaeTrrr 7
(iv) jf eTjyjjB/rCjSiiuJT.
6T(JPJS/TG{SU)U)T
GjeLbum-
, Lesson 44/ 387
;ffns/ tSBjSjîu/rGleD êij^miaerrir 7
ajSjSujTGleo SeiffjSmsenn 7
$ uiTsburrufawril GLng)OjiT(olsO
uiruJ'siiirrLL GLng)6uirGlfiO CT(ipjS(r-
GjeLOLorr.
(i) Q : ercirssr 7 .
A : unebu/rnfesiiTL. Gui, u)Tio(r.
(ii) Q: SL-asrSiLQL-u Qumfieo ^(5@JST ?
A : wiTinir.
(iii) Q: ^fiû QueirfiQeoA Qstriô'ib a^îuirQeo
A : #(P, (olrr(5.
(iv) Q: ffi_BrdBL.QL_ u Gu(5 ^sbGleouj/r ?
(v) Q: jff KSIUUIT Gui^Qeu eT@ffiir)(rilGL_iU(r ?
A : ^(rsir ffTuiTilGi_6BT.
(vi) Q: .ûuff ffriHiGa ?
A : c9/uufr S)i-?}fiaB@L/ Gufftgp/Eia.
(i) 0 GutêunQeo etjipgi.
Substitute
(ii) jbireiT eT(QAsi>itL-GL-6ST.
verb suitably
0 GwêuirQeo CT(ipg/,
jbireir erQAamirCGiar,
382 I An Intensive Cowse in Tamil
(iii) ûun QauQ^^nmia.
Substitute
^thuaiT
(i) ffiiresT Gujgjsu/rQsp eT(ipg/-
Geussr.
jbirm sihutrQeo Ûf.uGum.
/BTSir GU(65)(ol6U ST(ÛGUSST.
(ii) /BffsJT GLj(g)sufr(ol60 6T(ip^
infTLLGiSffr.
Gi_65r.
LD/rLlGi_6iJr.
fBTfiir Guts)Qeu 6T(5io/ril.-
G(_6BT.
(iii) eT6irJilGlL_u Guigj âiClso.
eT65rJilQi_iJ Qu6sr#6fc)
/BTsJr Q(r(5<g5ti/rilGi_6BT.
/BfreJr Lja5U3(nl.Gi_65r.
^Bieir c9;i4.LDirLlGi_6W.
jBTsir @ix)-<BaixiiTLLGi_6ar.
Gi_65r.
/B/reSr aB^îufrSlso J'suLoiTLLGisir.
jbiTsir ffiLDU/rGlsL) c5/i4-'SLDfrLLGi_6sr.
/BfTSffT Gu(6B)Q6ii erâaiLDiTLLGL-effr'
ff Gu(6B)nj/rQao 6T(jp^LDfrLLGi_ujfr?
a^ûuuQeo êuLDiriLGiiurr ?
/f ffiihufrQso Ûf-AaintTiLGiUJiT ?
Gu(g)Glai srâauwTLLGiUjfr ?
a-sirJiKoliu GU(6B) êbGlsuiun- ?
a_6STjLL(olL_ij Glufijr^sij
gebQsoojfr ?
EXERCISES
given below.
Model: (ball point pen)
^gl uiroMJiTttSemiL Gu<^.
(i) GuêairQeo eT(if)gi. (ordinary)
(ii) ^pjSU QumSQeo ^misemr ? (sharpen)
(iii) ^Sjuufr + ^Qso <:9)q.iJu/r(B/. (stick)
(iv) ûuiT SLbunrSlfl) uu/rmja. (beat)
Lesson 44 1 383
h. Include the instrumental form of the item given in parentheses against
each of the sentences as shown in the example.
Example : 0 eîLQuuni-^Q^ eT(ti, (QUIQ))
(i) 0 ?L-(5uu/rL.jsQjS ST|ip<s/r(JjS. (QusirÂ))
(ii) ; B ^ L / Quek.^Qeo^ êi\^miaenn ? (a^^)
(iii) ûuiT ejesrQeiST ûûurrmia, (sibLj)
i Give the future negative form of the verb given in parentheses,
(i) ibirm (STO)
(ii) /BfTfE/a (Qm(S)
(iii) iS (CSurr)
(iv) ^riia (eun)
(v) êueir (^4-)
(vi) êu (eT(Lp^)
(vii) .:546U(5 (êij)
(viii) ^su/EJ<gs (a-aa/r)
j, Frame eight sentences from the table given below.
Example : 0 QuiêuirQeo cT(ipgi.
(i) Gutg) + c^GlfiO (
(ii) GuiSB) + 6T :
(iii) &ihi^ + ^Qeo :
(iv) ffi^^ + ^Qeo :
(i) E_mi<5tl{oli_L/ uireDuiruêmiL Gui ^(5(g^rr ?
(ii) ;ffmj SL.mja LO(r6jiiT6u(Ej<5B(o)ffifT aihunQeo î^f.uiS'ii&efTn ?
(iii) 6U(r ffT/BjSu Gu(g)su(TGl6U 6ifLl(ptJLJTi_ti) 6T(tpg/(2y ?
(iv) ^(Ei j6sra=fP eîL(SLiuntih eT(ip^p5'm/<g56Trfr ?
(v) ;ff(6ia a_/Ei i){o)6!rr5'Guj(T(o1i_/rornjG(r(TQi_ GLj(fi3)(ol6u
eT(p65Ui/rilia.fE/6ir(r ?
VOCABULARY
u/rsbufToi'ewrLl 'ball point pen' ifn^nijem
ajSjS 'knife' êi^
'stick'
'ordinary'
'sharpen'
'beat'
GRAMMAR
11.44.137. The case form which consists of a noun and the case marker
-cf^Qo} is called instrumental case. It is used in the following meanings.
(i) To denote an instrument with which the action is performed.
(ii) To denote ah object by means of which the action is performed.
(iii) To denote the cause and agent of the action.'
(iv) To denote the object which is used in implementing the action.
The different uses of the instrumental case mentioned above are determined by
the different classes of verbs and the various kinds of nouns with which the
marker -,^jSleo occurs. In this lesson the instrumental case marker -sj^Gla)
is used in the first meaning listed above. Example :
11. 44. 137, $ eSiL(SLtuni^Qfi9 ît^nêmu Qui^^nQea
ûuiT ereiiQmA aihuirQeo ûj-uu/rm/a.
In these sentences, GuigB) 'pen' and asiiq 'stick' are the instruments with which
the actions of writing and beating are performed respectively.
Sandhi: ctsst + st > ffreirQesr (Refer S.ll in 1.8)
fipir^^ + 0(<S1i_ > (tpif^^GiuirQt-
aj2j + ^Qeo > afiâjirQeo
*fP + e9jibu)/r<y/fiujU)U)n'(Refer S.8 in 1.5)
Glj(Q) + c^Gleo > GuigjeuirQfiw
Cu(Q) + CT - CuigjQeu (Refer S.9 in 1.7)
UNIT 11
LESSON 45
WHAT DO WE DO WITH LEGS ?
DIALOGUE
/BITID ffT65T6BT (o)fflijG(27U> ?
Kala, 1 will ask a question...Will you
answer ?
Okey uncle. Please ask.
Eyes, ears, nose, mouth, hands and
legs are all body parts, are they not ?
What do we do with them ?
It is a very simp'e question, uncle.
Shall (I) answer...? We see with eyes;
and hear with ears.
aeon ; Qnnthuff êtesra
Gaerreiff, mnmn. SIS'GIL.
QffnaieoCQi^n---- ? finiD
aesin^s)Qeo LjnnA(g)~
SrQije^ : er^nQeo ffêunÂ^G(!tgih?
aeon : (ipaanQeo sisunâ^GfnyLb.
aeon : euniunQeo G uorG (ngih;
s^nuL^QGinjth ; stnaiunQeo
GsuQeo (ola=ujG(2?Lo ;
aGjrsi^ : s^ emau3Geo er^^Qesr
aeon : gxj en auS Qeo i^sr
ftG[^6i% :. .anieonQeo efeiresT Qûj-
QîPiLfirin ?
aeon : QîPu-iLb....aneonQeo /bi-
euiirjmia.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
11. 45. 138. jBniL asMTigMjQfii) unnat^Gtrrjih.
jbniD an^nQeo Gaa^Gfnjth. '
/BnriD ssiSiunQeo GsijQsu QstiLjGîh.
Ibnw etnaiunQso eniresT Qs^tuGinjth ?
IbtiiD si^nQeo GaiQei') Qa^wiGinjih ?
With which do we breathe ?
(We) breathe with nose.
Then ?
(We) speak with mouth ; eat
(with mouth); and work with
hands.
Howmany fingers are in a hand ?
There are five fingers in a hand.
What do (we) do with legs...Do you
know ?
(Yes I) know....(we) walk with legs...
Uncle, father is coming.
Clever girl !
,b. Build up drill
(i) jB/TLD iin i65j)Q0 ijrrfr(^-
G(2?tc.
unria(g)Q(!i}Lh
Ibirui deipsTi^Quo u'rrjratgGjnjLO-
I miiaigiGinjih
Lesson 43/387
a!ror(BB)(olfiO
(ii) ibftLD aiT^nQeo QaA^Qurjih.
(iii) (buixi ematunQso QevQeo
Qa'OjQdijih.
GeuQeo
IblTlD
(iv) ^TLD ^jS/rGlso ermesT Qîu-
Qinjih.
eresresT QîuQ(njih ?
(v) i^mn er^nQeo a-eunÂi^-
c. Expansion drill
(i) ibTLD Qs'iLiGtrtjih.
GsuQeo Qa'iuGinjih
65)uj(t(o1su Qs=ujG(!rjih
(ii) ;btu) GuffrG(ir}ih,
evtnunQeo GusrGirrjih
(iii) rBiTLO ffteurr^sc^Gtnjih.
(LpsanQeo sêunS'&i^Ginjih
asm^Qeo urtfi&^Ginjitt
finiD aewi\^Qeo uiriia^Ginjih.
G|gG(!T7Ll
aiT^n-Geo Ga@G(f)yii5
IbfTLD aiTîrQeO GaAi^Ginjih.
IbiJLB emsiunQeo GeuQeo Qs'uj-
G(njLb. '
QîuGajjih
GeuQeo Q<9=uJG(fryti3
emaujirQeo QeuQeo Q'S'tuGtirjih
(bTin esiaiunQeo GeuQeo Glffiu-
Ginjih.
[biTUi ^îrQeo sTssrsur (o)<?uJG(27"5 ?
erekenT Q3=iuG(rrjii> ?
(bTLD ^jSdQeo erekesT QaîuGirrjih ?
/fifriA er^frQso <9r6Ufr#a(gG(2yLb ?
erîrOso ar6U(T#a@G(27[i ?
iBfTiD erîrQeo sreuiTâ^Ginrfih ?
rbiLD (ol<yuJG(2?Lb.
ibirLh GeuQeo QîuGiirfih.
îTict emmujiTQeo GeuQeo
Qs'iuGtrrjib,
jbirixi Gua^Gfnjib.
rbum euiTiuirQeo Gua-Gîii.
^fTLD êuiTâ@G{[t}ib.
rbiTLD (LjpAaiiQeo 3êuirÂ(^Giit}Lb.
rbiTLD jbiA^Gatjib,
fbirva aireoirQeo [bia^Gdrjtb.
(i) Q : rbireir 9 Gaek&Si GaaigGrossr, 0 uÂ) Qa^nsd^-
GpiLIIT ?
A : a=/P, GatgrjiBia.
(iii) Q: aireoijQeo sr^m QffiuCSirrjib ?
A : aiTsoirQeo [biA^Giirjth.
(iv) Q : sTjairQso 3Tsu(r<#'@G(2?(jb ?
A : jbirin (ipsairQeO SrSun^&^Giîh, ,
(i) /BTin eamunQso 6Fnui3(^Qjih. (biTLD evinurrQeo s'lruiS'CQGinjiis.
suitably.
sn6B /BfTin etnaiurrQeo 5=(nJLS'(5G(nyii).
(ii) ibtrm (LpaairQeo *6Ufr^<s@-
Garjth.
suitably.
enrruj
(iii) ep(!f) es)au3Geo er^^Qesr
suitably.
(iv) aem^ epaf) i2_ptjq.
Substitute
<SB/Tg/
(i) ibiTiD ofiAsirQa:) Srsunfiafgf-
GiSrjih.
/bTLD euirtunQeo GuarGîgib.
Tbnw 6s>3MJiTQeo GeuQeo
jbirin sneoirQeO ;Bt-.a@G(2yix).
jbrrLD (tpaairQeo areuirSa^Gatjin,
(biTLD eunujirQeo aeuirÂ^Ginjih.
epfif) es)au3Geo er^^Qesr Qeui;^
6^(5 mn^Geo er^^Qesr Qsîrg!/
a/rgi ^ a_ptjq.
(tpa@ p a-puL/.
cuffiu 6^ _puL;.
S31 p 2_pLJq.
OsufTgy sp s_pijq.
Tg2j s^ a_puq.
/B/rui STjB/rQso uirAAi^Gasiii ?
/B/rii 6T;5/rQ6D Ca(gG(27ijb ?
IbiTW erîrQeo GeuQeo QsîuGarjih 7
Ibniner^nQeO ibi~ai^G{njih 7
Leison 45 / 389
(ii) fin ID aireoirQeo fiis^Qîrjih.
fiiTiX) eunujirQeo GuorGinjib.
fiiTUD (tpaairQeo orsunâ^-
0(2710.
fini) amn^Qeo urrira^Ginjib
finm enaiuirQeo GeuQeo
QfiuGarfib.
EXERCISES
/BTU> aireoirQeo ermesr Qa-iuGnffih ?
ibfriri eimiuirQeo eresreisT QaîiiGiirjib?
fini) arr^nQeosjesTSST QsîuGaîh ?
fini) fipAanQeo erekenT QaîuGarjih?
finui aemi^Qeo ereiresf Qa^tu-^
G^th ? ,
IbfTLD enatunQeo ermeisT GlauJ-
Gtnjib ?
below,
Model: Gam^Gpek. (question)
[biTetr s^ Gserred' Gsa^Groeir.
(i) 0 Gpaiurr ? (answer)
(ii) sma 2_t_g2J (human body part)
(iii) jbireir.- (ola=(T6bsOLL(p(xi/r ? (answer)
(iv) jBtrin . + ^QeO uiTiri^Giitjth. (eye)
(v) jbirin , + ^Q60 GaA^Gtnjih. (ear)
(vi) jbrriD + c^(ol60 3reurrSa^G(ir}ih. (nose)
(vii) (LpaanQeo.:. ..a^cjytb. (breathe.)
(viii) ...: ... + ^Qeo GusrGatjih. (mouth)
(ix) + ^Qeo GsuQeo Qs^tuGtrtfLb. (hand)
(x) es)au9Geo er^^Qesr ffi@@i ? (finger)
(xi) aireonQeo...... ....A^G(njih. (walk)
(xii) 0 (clever girl)
Example : jbirin UT/f<B(gG(2?ii>- (aem^)
jbiriD <scnr(^Qso uirirAi^Garjth.
(i) jbiriD GaA^Giitjih. (an^)
(ii) jbirLD a6U(r#@G(2?ti). (dfiA^)
(iii) jbirm 3îruL3(SGi!t}Lb. (euirtu) ^ - .
(iv) jbrriD ersBTcn- Qo'iuGargih. (^^)
i. Select the right word and use it in the blank with suitable fonil.'
unt]^, Ga^, Sreun^, jbi, ffirui3Q
(i) fiirui aifjS/rQso
(ii) fiiiLD aneonQeo
(iii) [biiiD ^pamQeo
(iv) /B/TU) fflwr@5)Cl6i5-- ".
(v) jBfTLO euniunQeo
j, Write the word represented by the formula,
Example : Qffiu(J<yio ClffUJ + Present
(i) s^nut3(S + Present;
(ii) U(T(5 + Present ;
(iii) Gufft + Present :
(iv) G(r5 + Present ;
(v) ffrSunS 4- Present;
ÎTULS^QQarjLD
fin ID
ûun
Qeui;^ Qffneo^G^
1, Frame eight sentences from the table given below.
Example : finiD smaoj.TGlfiO GeuQeo QaîuGarfih.
GeuQeo Qîu
finiD
ems
finiiia
ems
erQ
euniiia
m, Join the following according to the sandhi rules,
(i) TOT@u + ^Qeo : (ii) n + ^Geo :
+ ^Qeo ;
afgy 4- 'il,Qeo :
@gj + ^Qeo : ;
n, Answer the questions.
(i) erQêbeonth a_i_gji C-gj/iJq ?
(ii) finiD semivv)Qeo crsBreir QaîuGtnjih ?
(iii) finiD an^nQeo eresrsir QaîuGtrrjih ?
(iv) e^rTT) an&uSGeo er^^Qem Qsup-gy ôasgl ?
(v) fifTLD er^rjQeo fiL-A^G(njiD ?
Lesson 45 1 391
VOCABULARY
'question' uêo 'answer (noun)'
'answer (verb)' asssrâ 'eye'
an^
'ear' (ipa@ 'nose'
euntu
'mouth' 6S) 'hand'
'(human) body' a_a)/UL/ '(human) body
part'
'answer (noun)' Gaigg hear'
' breathe QeuQeo (31a=uj 'woric'
'finger' JBI- walk'
'clever girl'
GRAMMAR
ilAS.i38. The instrumental case illustrated in this lesson forms a class of
nouns by means of which the action is performed. This meaning of the
instrumental case is again indicated by its case marker -^Qeo. Example :
II. 45. 138. fittiD 6iiTigBB)(o)sD u/r/f<36@G((5ijb.
fiiTui esioiunQeo GsuQeo Qs'iuG(!r}ih.
/BiriD sT^nQeo GeuQeo Qs'tuGinjih ?
It is important to note that the case marker -^Qeo is used in Tamil whenever
the function of the human/non-human body parts is to be expressed.
Sandhi : + c^Glso v^jsrrGlso
/Tgj + ^Qeo * airfbirQeo
TOT@u + d^Qso > asmi^Qeo
sTgj + r^Qeo -T> erîxQeo
<y3@ + ^Qeo (ipAairQeo (Refer S.3 in 1.2)
feiretr + Gacfrsi? ^ssresra GaefrnS' (Refer S.4 in 1.2)
UNIT 11
LESSON 46
MEETING A FRIEND. 1
DIALOGUE
dfi'T^^ ; euemAaih, uS stu i_ /f
-Gi76^....Q(r(rtz)u C^trti
611 fi Q ^ IT ih ... u ehi
G60L.U.IT ?
ÛLDîi).. ..2_ aafr{5fEj.
I RECOMMENDATION
Vanakkam, Mr. Murthi.
Vanakkam, Mr. Suresh...Are (you)
waiting for a long time ?
No sir. (We) came just now...
Was the bus late ?
Yes. It came late by a halt an hour.
That is why (1) am a bit late...Please
be seated.
lesson 46 1 393
êum jBwfflffi er lij a
ervQt-(2(g) G eu Q eoA^
iiûQuiT(S'j]j $ lis a
usm^sSiiiaeiTir... 7
SL.imaefTtrQeo (tpuf-t^LOfr 7
dfiif^^ : fiireir s!ni_(ri_/ri^LlGli_<9=
Off/rsbgz/Cpsffr... ^si/6u-
erreij îreir eTmiv)QGO
aGp-ffl^ : Guirgjii srOfrff.
Qi^rmbu [beirnS'. 6Tmi<as-
err/rfolso 2_IBJ a igij @
QijinhiJA SifiDih. ^/6^
a-^siSQiu ST LJ Lj sij til
tDfOaa ID (T L. G i_ sir.
/Birmia U!nl.(5LDiT 7
He is my friend Trivedi. His younger
sister is applying for the post of a
steno in our institute. Would you
please give her your recommenda-
tion... ? Can you do (this) ?
I will tell the director-.That is all I
can do. That too, (I) am doing this
favour because of you only.
That is enough, sir. Thank (you)
very much. We are putting you into
great trouble. (I) will never forget
this -help. Shall we take leave of
you ?
Please do. Vanakkam I
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
11. 46. 139. eriiiaennQeo 2_mja(g5a'g Qifitthus' S^wib.
,^^ts)Qeo (olfr(5ffti îrua^Lb.
11. 46. 140. sTeiTis)Qeo (iptq.iqih. .
b. Build up drill
(i) ermaetTirQeo si_rsi(gi5ig
QifiTihu^ Sijiaih.
Sifiaib
ermiaefTirQeo,
Qi;irihui> ^(tlou)
ft_m;aigT5<4@ (o1[f/ru)ua= ^fjrifiti
(ii) S-miaefrnQeo (ipuû-fLOiT ?
(iii) ffTSOTigjGlfiO (y3t;j.(qm.
(ffiUf-lLflh
6T6I5r(SB)(ol6t)
(iv) c9/cSiS)(olsO lS1/T(5<Fi) jS/TLD^li).
c. Expansion drill
(i) ereiri^QeO gpirj-iqie.
(ii) a_mjffiigy5iSS(ga= ^jtldld.
srrejasrrn-Qso ^(rLDLb
(iii) <:9/jSlSB)(ol60 ^/TUJ^tii.
a_mJffisrrn-(ol60 (tpuûînir ?
(jpiîLjinn- ?
a_/B/<9srrfr(o)so {ipiq.iqu3/r ?
6TSi5r(6B)(ol60 (tfiuîqih.
eTSi5r(g5)(olso (tpLn-iLjih.
^/jS5(65)QD QigsfTtsjaîX) ^/rtn^LD.
^î65)(oleo GlafTQffii ^nw^nb.
sT6iir(B)(o)6U (y.iq.iLjLb.
(Lp4-iqLi).
^fb&Qeo G\aniQ9ib îrmîh.
(i) Q : /ffBJcSB (oliriTLbu QrbijiDuA s>n^^(tTjA^^miaenn 7
A : êbQeoriia, ûu^^nsk eufiGîrih.
(ii) Q : usru GsoiLi-iT 7
(iii) Q: SL-fBiasrrrrGlso (yiii)-iL)LDfr ?
A : 6T6iJr(g)(ol60 (tpiij-iqii.
(iv) Q : ^rr/Bja njjrLLî^fr ?
(i) 2_mj<sssrr/r(ol60 (tpUf-iqinir 7
pronoun suitably.
JBtToBT
a_/5/<5661fTffQsO (LpUJ.lL/tDfr 7
ffi_65r(S5)(olfit) (LpUf-U-ILaiT 7
.Lesson 46 / 395
(ti) a-mis^râitsA QfitiQjpm.
pronoun suitably.
(iii) a_ns/<sig(5a@ Qi;iTihuSF fiffinih.
pronoun suitably,
jBITQST
(iv) ^QjTUJfflwfi G/Birii) GSOILL-IT
6Ufi^^.
Substitute
a>!teo
9
(i) snhsenttQeo flL_is>a(er$s@<9>
c9fsU(S>â> (ipii).iqu}rr 7
^SteuenirQeo (ifiU).iLjtLrr 7
êuirrrSlso (ipj/).iL/u)T 7
e_/d/dE(gT^saTa^ Qa'iuQpeir.
^su(g965dsrrai9= SlaiuGpeir.
SL.iiiaiQ$A^ Qi;iTii>uA fiijiDih.
eresTS QijirihuA S^mth.
c9/i/guig Qififihus- SifiDih.
c9/g/<a@ Qijnihua' SijiDih.
eS/GliTLOfiroP Gfiijiii GeoiLiiT
ffi/rsbLOfiiraP Oîrii) Gsutlt-zr u/B<ag/.
^^(jLOfflisP Gfiijib GeoiLiiT eufi^^.
(o){r6iRiT(5LOsjrP G/B7ii) GsolLit
lunnirQeo a_miffi(g5<a(S* î;Uiiih 7
ujiTiîTQeo a_n5jigT5i@* .#jru3m ?
turrtrirQo) a-miaâ^j: ^(riDii) 7
(ii) eT5r(g)G)fiO (i/DU).iqu>.
C_sr(3)(a)fiD (tpi^-iqif).
êuifirQeo (tfiUf-tLfib.
êuenirQeo (tpin-iLiii.
(iii) B-isiasTTtrQeo dfiUf-iLiutir ?
êumxetTirQeo (Lpi^-iLfiBtr 7
ôienirQeo (tpitj-iqujir 7
êuiirrrQeo (tpui-iniDtr 7
EXERCISES
given below.
Model : ^î^Qeo Qairie^ffih.. (late)
^îQ)Qeo (olafr(g5*u) ^TIDCSUD.
(i) O-mimerTtrQeo + (can)
(ii) eriiiaenrrQeo a_fBjig5(g (trouble)
(iii) ^/BjS"- + ffT inpAaLDmLGL-eir. (help)
(iv) ^/BjS C-jBSiS'Gluj iflp3fl5U)nrL-CJi_65r. (ever)
(v) @/BiS fi-iSeiS'Sluj sTtl/usi/LO aii/rilGi_6Jr. (forget)
h. Change the given nouns in to the instrumental (in the meaning of 'causal')
and add at the beginning of the sentences given below.
(i) ft/iriiia ; s-iiiaiÂi^ Gljr/riiu* ^nuaih.
(ii) jbireir : ffl_fBj(gi5<s@ Qijinhu<^ Sijinih.
(iii) c9/su6Jr ; a-fwaigjaig Qijirthu S'lfinih,
(iv) (olafr(îyLD îrmîh.
, (v) t9<S)j(K(<ss : (olafrtâ^ti ^/rtCjaiJb.
(vi) cS/gJ <ol66fr(5<f U) jSTtD^LO.
i. Include the dative form (in the purposive meaning) of the item given in
parentheses against each of the sentences given below.
(i) êueir ^liiQa mûGuirQiiij. (6roGli_G(65) GeuGlco)
(ii) fiiiia <#u(rfPiS- uemêffmiaerrir 7 (cS/s^J)
Model : A: eresrifjQn) (ipuûîb.
Q: Q_(Eistr(rQo (tpuj-iqioir ?
(i) eriiiaetrirQeo (ipiiîLfih.
(ii) a_6ffr(g)(ol6U (ip4.lL/u).
erafTi^Qeo (jpuj-iuTg;.
B-m{^Qeo dfiUf-tuir^.
êuifirQeo (ip4-UJ/rg/.
^siiOTfrQffl) Qfiiq-tuir^.
B-miaerrirQeO (tpuf-tuirîr 7
êuiiiaetrirQeo (tpiq-cun-jEfr ?
^susyr/rGlfiO (jfiLf-tuir^rr 7
<sjsu(r(rClsu (tpiq-iuir^/r 7
Usson46l397
k. Frame twelve sentences from the table given below. -.
Example : a_Brig){ols3 (jpuj-iqio/r ?
;
fiiriiia,
(tpirj-fqin/T ?
1. Join the followfing according to the sandhi rule.
(i) erriia + ^G)o ; êuma + ^Qeo :
a_/Bja + ^QoD: c9/su + cJ^QsoJ
(ii) CJ!rC%/TQL_ /BsiwTLjGigjQu. Gu
(iii) /fmyis GJB^^ si/(gLJL/@ G60LlL_/r euihîiiaerrrr ?
(iv) ;J/BJ @iBiZ asi^Q^Gliuu uiâopfmiaBOTfr ? SL.miaerrnQsO
(lfiU\.U-{LDIT ?
(v) ^mj eii^LJL/iS^jS êsTfiG^rrîL ÎTW^LBIT euiSiiiaenir ?
(vi) ;ffn5j er^jS su(5aû) c?j)i^'Puj(5 GsuQsua usguuGufTL.-
(vii) si_nsj ^#rPuj(5 Gj(olfiO@ a_mja jB!wru(r5 ^'urrrPsv
Ljwr@p/ig)!rn' ?
(viii) a_mj ^>^ff'uj(!5 CuG1soa/r lu/rcj û/tVPw- ue9!fr@pj(9)fGJa 7
VOCABULARY
G/Birti) 'time' Geoil lat6'
jSTtOjaLD 'late' (Tpil).U./(i) 'can'
TfPujti) 'work' 'trouble'
'help' eruuenib 'ever'
top forget'
GRAMMAR
11. 46. 139. In this lesson, as we mentioned earlier, the case marker -d^(olj
is added to the nouns to express the meaning of the cause and agent of the
action. Example :
11. 46. 139. ermiaenirQeo ft^naaigrjaB^ Qifnihuf ^ni^th.
tS/jStg^Qeo QaiTtQfih finiDûi.
The case marker -.^Qeo is here suffixed to the noun erreiafefr) and toget-
her it has the force of meaning 'because of us'.
11, 46, 140, Like defective verbs, the verbs (tpi4.lL/u) 'can' and (tptq-UJir^
'cannot' do not have all the required forms of conjugation. They are imper-
sonal and common to all genders. Unlike the other defective verbs these
verbs obligatorily require instrumental as their subject. Example :
11, 46. 140, ffToiTi^Qeo QpuîLfib.
B-iiiaennQeo (ipuj.lL/tD/T ?
Sandhi: afrjSi5(5@(ifmia + arr^âffAîSmiaerTn?
fiuiTiPsr uem^&Jmia + ÛITIPST uem^sîiiaenir ?
usmêffiiiaenrr 7) (Refer S.25 in 10.42)
a_rei + ^Qeo SL.mi&ennQeo
BL-riia + a_(r > tL-'iia'Âain si
a_fBi + a_ffi@ ti-iii&^&tg) (Refer S.6 in 1.5)
Slr/ffii)!.! 4. îfipth (ol{r(rtbtJ* .#(jtDtb (Refer S.14 in 1.11)
UNIT 11
LESSON 47
MADURAI
DIALOGUE
LO^Qij LSI^CS îhwesT
G<sB(nL?6b.
Gije}^ : ^fB^ GsiTuS'Qso sp
ufr6ii!iTi:).uj t^(ja=(5 ail-
i' vS/su Gu av/B^jr
urr6i)wii).uje5r. cS; su
^fBÂGafroj'sb y,(r(rQsu-
iL/ti) asbsorrGlsoGiij ail-
wauQeou u eiP mi ^ A
a eb 60 IT Q 60 dstl!*?)
^sbQsoujn- ? ^G^LDiTî?
^(iTfLDQeo lb IT uj A m if
ix>66it(o16D Gleu/rj/U) Qaiii-
asbg^Gso ^ ID Gl 611
Trivedi, this is Madurai Meenakshi-
amman temple.
Who built this temple ?
A Pandya king built this temple.
His name is Sundara Pandya n. He
built' this whole temple only with
stones. Shahjahan built Taj Mahal
with marbles only, isn't it ? Like that
Thirumalai Naikkar built the Thiru-
malai Naikkar Mahal with bricks
only.
c9f^ <sm/65<s QaiTi^-iDiîb.
jS/T/BiaCTT/r ?
, 'îjSjSGIjriJ QuflTfrssuru?'
(paff c^jSgjGco STiDiiK^-
SUITfrf), sS/!Rfr<olSBBTiS5@a
ffierrsrryjaQjru y,6U)TQso
ujQsu jbiTiuaaiT LDSITÂ
@ij GLj(r6Dfru)n- ?
K-CiTffl^ ; #fP, QuirQeuiTiii.
DRILLS
ffTiiiQa Where is that Mahal ?
(It) is very near,
golden flagstaff.
Look ! That is the
Did they make that flagstaff with
gold only ?
No. (They) made it only of
wood. Then (they) wrapped (it)
with gold plates. The 'Chaitra
fullmoon' festival is the speciality
here. The Lord Kallazhahar would
step in to the river on that day. The
Lord Kallazhahar will be adorned
with flowers on that day. (They)
will hold the procession also.
Alright, shall we go to Thirumalai
Naikkar Mahal now ?
Okey, we shall go.
a. Variation drill
11. 47. 141.
11. 47. 142.
11. 47. 143.
c9j6U(5 GanuSQeoa asbsofrGlsw asilîg).
^(SLoGlso jBTiuAair LDauQeoA Sla^m/afibgjjGso
ffitl(g)c5.
(o1/ni).io/j-<s(o)jS LCiJ-^^Gsu Qaîu^niiia.
QsnUf-Ldif^Q^ er^Geo'Qa'uj^miia ?
^(iTfLaQeOiBirujAaiT LDsrrQeo Qeuîh Q<yf5j<95bg2/G0
b. Build up drill
(i) aîrssfmiTsir ^rrîDsirQeoiJ
ail).
L.(gH)
sebsoirQeo
(ii) êu(rf) GairuSQeoA aAieonQeo
il@).
ail)
aebeonQeo
^6U
(iii) ^(rfjLDQeOjbinuaan tfla(TQsos=
Gliy/BJaat)g2jCi60 atl.
ffiil(gj
(o1<7mja6i)gaCeo
toajiGlsu
ju3(o)so/BTiiJaa(f
(iv) ^fiÂ QaiTt^mij^Q^^
^mja^ iSaL.C60 Qeuiui^-
Gsuiuigffffmja
jSmja^âLLG60
(o)a/Tii).ii!rjS(o)^
(v) j^jjmQfiO/B/ruJaafr usaffQsO
(olsuguii ,(o)a^mjabg2iGu
ail(OT).
aLl(OT)
(ola^(Bjat)@2jG3
Lesson 471 401
ei^Tggai/DTSsr {B/r^Loa/rOsDu usiPfBi-
@a aeiJsUfffflsD ail.
ail(g)
asbsO(r(olo ail(65)
iJTP/E;(5a abSD/r(o)60 atl(g)
jSn-jîba/rfflsou usiP(5/@a asbso/rGlso
ail(g5)
6)%(rg8p!fl)T3r jSir^tDatrfolfiOu uffrFmj-
a asiiso/rGlso ail(65).
^su^ GaffuJ'Slsoa asbeOffQso
ailig).'
ail(g)
asbso/rClso atlt5) '
Ga/Tuf'QfiOffi asbsOfrGlfiO ail(gB)
c9)su Ga/7iL?(olD asbsOfrCleo,
ail.
^LD(olk)jBfrujaaff Loa/rGlso*
Qff/EiisbgpjGeo ail!5).
ail$s)
Q^m&eo^Geo aili65)
LoairGlso* (o)a=fBJast)@2jG60 ail)
^Lo(ol60^rrujaaiT wsnQeoA
GlffnsiasbgjjGsv) ail.
jsatlGso GnjuJ(g*/rnsia.
Gsijuj(g5ff(r/E/a
^fBa<aâilG6D GsuuJ(^<3Pffm/a
to)a/riif.LD(r^(o)jSjS ^mja<5
5satlGo G6uiJJig5*(rmja
^fiÂ (o)a/rii)-LD7^(o){jS jSnsiaâ
}SatlG6D G6VJUJ(5#/TreJ6B.
5Su>(olfiO /BiriuaaiT ujaffQso Qeiigj/to
QiF/Biasb^Gso ail.
aili@)
QtyfEiasbgi/Gso ailigB)
Qsupii Qiy/5ia6l>g2jCfiU ail@)
fBiStDQeo fiiTiuAmn
c, Expansion drill
(i) si^frgg^frewr 6Sil(5(gj(f5i.
îrûi&irQeoai ail
(ii) ^(5LD(olsOfB(TUJd6(f CBlL-
(ol.yf6(6t)@2/(5so ail
loairQeoA ail
toairQao Glsi/pin Gl^raasbgaGsw
atl(5(gB)(5
(ol*ns/aaJg2jClso ail'
si^fTggsiiDTsir ail.
siîr^sjajfTirfT LJSTpfK/(ga asbsOfrGlso
ail.
si%irf9jvDfr65r îr^LDa/rQsuiJ
usrf(iiâ asbsUfrsSlsu ail.
J55IDQSO /BfTU-iaaff ail.
â^wQeo rB(TujA&iT (o)<9=fB/ai)gj/G0
ail.
jiiQ6U /BTiuaaff loaTGlsuff
QffrmasbsgiGeo ail.
(i) Q : îB^ loarrsb er/BiGa â@^ ?
A ; uaa^gyGu^/T6Jr ^<#J ?
(ii) Q : ^tDiSl60;BTUjaafr ujarrgy^'^ GL/Ta60nrLD(T ?
A : fffP, GuirGsuirii.
(iii) Q: <:^fiÂ Qanuf-uaijQeuîh ^mi&^^nQsoGiu
Qffujîriaasrrfr ?
A : @b(ol60, ^reiajs âilGsn GeuuJtsj^rrfEja.
(i) ^liia^îrQeoGiu Glffiuîrmi-
aenn ?
Sub.stitute and change the
noun suitably.
asbgj;
usrPfB/â asbgj/
QffiBiasbgjj
(ii) ^s/su <o)cFfsiasug^GU
ail.
noun suitably.
^/Bja^^/rQsoGuj Qtfiij,,a/ifiiisirr/T ?
sbfiOfr(olsuGuj (ol.?uJd5frnuaSTTfr ?
utfrPf5j(ga asbo/r(o)5Guj Qaûj-
jSiriBiasmr ?
aerrn ?
d9/u <o)#fByafibaJ;G> ^tl*:^.
Lesson 47 / 40i
uerPisjÂ t)gj/
(iii) <^6U(5 @(B^ Qami3Qeoa
atl.
noun suitably.
Garrqijih
(iv) ^6umj (l(ii;uj(P5*frmj<s5.
verb suitably.
jBiretn
finiija
(SB) .
^su(5^^^ iD&uQeoA ail.
ailiS5)(5.
ail.
LLI6B)(5.
jBiriB/a G6uuJ(^Ga/Tii).
jf(EJ G6UUJ(^.#fEJ6B.
(v) S^^Qj iDn&ih,
Substitute
fflDSuair.^
6in<a
umi@BP ,
L/!rL.Llir# iDtraîii.
SDja iDTati). . ;
uo/r# iD/Tffii).
ail.
c9/6U(3 ^m<ajSg/Geo ail.
(ii) 9/u fasD/r(o)fiU atl.
9/eu uerPiGjâ aebeoirQeo
ail.
^fiu Qffm/afibeo/rQsi3
ail.
(iii) c9/fiu asbgjjGso ail.
t9/fiiijS(5)aj&gi(3sD ail.
c9/fiu (old=iEiaeb3aCseu
ail. ,
(iv) a^/rgggiflj/reir jSir^ma/rQsoa
ail.
jfL0(Sl6U/BTUjaa(r Loa/rGlfiOa
ail.
a-;B^!ru(Ti5Ti/j.iLi5r i5il<if'
^LDiceBr Gairoi'Qeoa
ail.
cS/su asbsodGlfiO ail,
sS/sii (o)crm/abfiO/r(ol60 ail.
c9/a/ usrPiB/â afibsprrGlso
ail.
cS/su jsrE/ajSjairGlso ail.
cS^cu cTjBirSlso ail ?
tSjfiii sTjSirQso ail ?
c9/su eTjS/rClso ail ?
cS/su sTgjGso ail ?
s9(su crgiGfiU ail ?
qS(6ii erg/GfiO ail ?
lUT jSfrîoaTQfiOa ffiLl/B/a ?
luir inairGloJa ailfBja ?
iij(T ij?il^ cS/iiifissr GaiTui'Qsoa
ailm/a ?
EXERCISES
below.
Model: ^g/jairear (temple)
^^îresT Gafru5>fib.
(i) 9................ail, (king)
(ii) tS/su AeoeonQecQuj . (build)
(iii) .Qeuimh aeoeonQeoQiu ail, (comijlete, whole)
(iv) d>/sjj +K^QeoQtu ail, (stone)
(v) jBiTîca/rGleo + ^(o)so ail, (marble stone)
(vi) cSjGjS .......ail, (like)
(vii) tS/fflj +CTa ail, (palace)
(viii) c9/6" .... + C60 ail, (bricks)
(ix) ;j5m;.... (flagstaff)
(x) ^gja^GirGeo.. + Gco Gcuuj(â/risja. (gold sheet)
Lesson 47 1 405
(xi) GLDC?60 (fjdf(Tffiia. (wrap)
("'0 <asfr6TT{pffi/f c^sg/Gso ffr/Draigsu/r. (on that day)
(xiii) asfrrryjaQjr + ^Qeo êomiaûunmia. (flower)
(xiv) asrrsn-jpaff + G6D ffTjo/Bjêuir. (river)
(xv) men err [paQiju yeuirGlso uunmia. (adorn)
(xvi) jbi^êuiTiiis. (procession)
(xvii) smrreueoih euiriiia. (hold the procession)
Example : si^/rggp/D/reir ^n^w&nQeoA ail.
(ueiPiiiÂ asbg2/)
ail,
(i) tS/6u @/Bâ GairuSQeoA ail, (asbgj/)
(ii) ;f m(ol60 fiiTiuAaiT g) inaTSleoa ail. (Qamjasbgjj)
(iii) Qarru). i{rjsQjS<9= (a)<7UJjSirmja. (^reja<sâj
i. Include the locative form (in the meaning of instrumental) of the item
given in parentheses against each of the sentences as shown in the example.
Example : cS/isu @/B^ QarTu3QeoA ail, fasbgjj)
cS/6u @/BjSa Ga(Tti^(ol60a aebgj/Gsu ail.
(i) ^(TfjinQecibniuAaiT 9 ina/rQsoa ail. (Qa(E/a6bg2y)
(ii) Qaff^-LDjrjsQ^J (olffiujsjrnsja. (jSJEjajSiSa)
(iii) 65^/râifl3fr6Jr îrîDsirQeoA ail. (uerflEJ(gaÊ6bg2/)
Example ; afibsCTQsu asbgu + Instrumental.
(i) y, + Instrumental :
(ii) ^mjatb + Instrumental :
(iii) jSrEjajSâ + Instrumental :
(iv) inirii) + Instrumental:
(v) (Jla=(Bja6bg2/ + Instrumental :
Example : jBL-jBgJQJirn&ia fBt-jSgJ + Future
(i) erjoiii + Future : ^ ,
(ii) Gffljuj + Future :
(iii) ail + Future: , ,
(iv) QauJ + Future: ;*, .
40b I An Intensive Course in Tamil
1, Frame questions for the answers given below following the model.
Model ; A: cS/eu Gsuu3QsoA osbeOfrQeo ffiil^gXij.
Q: c^su(5 Gs!Tu3Qeo erîrQso ad ?
(i) oîrsSfUaiTeiT îr^msnQeou usiPmiiâ asbsofrGlso tl.
(iii) ^^[f,LDQeorbiTUjmmif mairGsoA Qffiit&ebeoirQeo tl.
Model : A: si^/TgjjMJirssT ^/r^tnafTGlsou uhiPiij^s
Q; e^T^guDfrsyr ^frûsairQeo ergiGso lL?
(i) ^^LoQeorbiTiuAaiT LD&irQeoiF Q.s^miaQD^Geo l1.
(iii) cSJsi; Garrai'Glsoffi asbgjyGsu ail.
m. Write twelve sentences about the months of the year.
Example : S^^Q^ ûS'tP ^6m($Geo Quîrêonetiî lonrîi).
n, Ask who did each of these things.
Example ; eiîrêmoirsir ^fr^ma/rOsoa atl.
(i) <to(olso fBTUJffiff in/r(olu lL.
(ii) êuiiim L0/rg2y@LJ Gu/rfBja.
(iii) 6B6fr6Trjpff c^âgjGeo sT(DfBj@6i/fr.
(iv) cS/suiB/ffi QsiTUf-LDif^Q^ tniTjSg/GfiO QffuJja(T(E/ffi.
(v) j^sum/a asrrsTrjpaGljju y,sij/r(olu cS/sOfi/ajPiJuiTfSfa.
o. Join the following according to the sandhi rules.
(i) fib@2i + ^Qeo : (ii) y, + ^Qeo :
Qa'tiiaeb^ + ^Qeo :
(iii) jSfHiati) + ^Qeo ; (iv) ^(B/a^â + Geo ;
Qairiq-LDnib + er ;
(v) + Gso J .
p. Answer these questions.
(i) u?l1<# îhumr GanuS^Qeo ujit ail(Eja ?
(ii) ^su GairiLfsb y^n-Gkuiqii er^/rGlso ail ?
(iii) îr^manQeo ujfr aL.nsia ?
(iv) G1airii).LD;rja(oljS er^Geo Qauj<a/rfaa ?
(v) asfirrsrryjaQtr sTiSfrGleo ^SfsoiBiafPtJu/rnBia ?
(vi) errEiGa S^^Qtfu QueanesisnB Qtjnihu eSGs&îh ?
Lesson 47 / 407
VOCABULARY
'temple' ail 'build'
uiTaiiTui.iu(m)
'the Pandya 'king'
king'
'complete, (Ssbg2; 'stone'
whole'
'marble stone' 'like'
'palace' only'
brick(s)' ^riia (ih) 'gold'
flagstaff' 'make'
'wood' 'gold plate'
Geuiu
'wrap' 'Chittirai, name
of the Tamil
month'
QuetTiremLS 'full moon' 6)ffG3=eiîh 'special (festival)'
ffTiDiii
'step into' 'river'
'adorn' 'flower'
esaiieueoth /BI<sg; 'hold the 'procession'
procession'
GRAMMAR
11.47.141. It has been already remarked in 11.44 that the instrumental case
has got various functions in Tamil. At times, when a case marker is used to
indicate a particular meaning, it may be replaced by another case marker
without any change in meaning. This is one of the chief characteristics of
case in general and this phenomenon is called 'case overlapping'. Let us
consider the following examples.
11. 47. 141. eîrgssnDueir îrînairQeou USTPIQ@ asbgo/rOso
t5)/6U(5 GaiTuS'QeoA aoMinQeo ail.
11.47.142. The instrumental marker -^Gla) is added to the nouns to denote
the objects that are used in implementing the action of ail 'build'. That
is, ueiPiiiÂ asbgjj 'marble stone', adJgj/ 'stone' etc., are the objects that
are used for the construction. In this meaning, the locative case marker can
have the position of the instrumental case marker as follows.
11. 47. 142. âûiQeo [trrujasif mairQeo^ Q<=/E/6bgj/(2j
ail.
G1arrbj.LD!rjS(ol<s iDiTjSgjClso Qîu^triiia.
11.47,143, Osupii)'merely, only'is a kind of modifier. Example:
11. 47. 143. ^dTftDQeOfiiTUjAaii LomQeo Qevg)iih Qa^mis^^Geo
QffiLjîriBiserrit ?
Sandhi 26. The word final -gj/ is, dropped when it is followed by any case.
The nominal base and the case suffix, again, are linked by the increment -jBjS-.
Example ;
5iP + SL-Qeo ^îQeo
^misih + Qa/ruj-ifiini) * î5/a Q<sB/ni).t(rt25
jZni/aui + ;35(5 ^liia j (Refer S.2 in 1.1)
^dia + QatTtq.Uii;Lb > jam/aa Qairiq-mnih
jZm/(SB + jS * jS/E/ajSjSaO
LJSTPn5/@ + asbgjj ^ usKPrnjâ asbgjj
^/BjS + Oa/ntPsb * ^/BjSaCafrid'siJ
eSZ/BiS + Gla7ri4.u37tb > ,^;Bi2 Qairt^-ioifib (Refer S.3 in 1.2)
usaih + iL.Geo uAa^^Geo
^liiaib + c^Clso jSfBJffl^SiSirClfflJ
toirii + SL.G60 - * uJiTjSg/Gso (Refer S.17 in 2.13)
+ E-Ceo-iSL.(S"30 (Refer S.16 in 2.13)
I
UNIT 12
LESSON 48
CONSULTING A DOCTOR
DIALOGUE
L_fraL_/r ; etjemaaih. 2_rBJiS
ffi-t-iiL/a 6T65r6ir ?
ftCejrsi^ : Gl(rsB5T(5 (ip@y , f&rr err yr
.,1
i_/Ti_/r : iTT^jfifP fiisbeoir^ giffmj@-
rSiiiaeniT ?
Vanakkam, doctor !
Vanakkam. What happened to'(y6uf)
health?
(I) have cough for two or three days
...(I) have slight fever also.
Are (you) sleeping well during
nights ?
No sir. I am coughing all through
the night, sir.
i_(Tat_ff : ej) sair ti? b G so m/ a.
^jBjS u) (5 /B Q ^ 9 (5
;BT(olfiifri(g jBfrg2/GijG1srr
fffriJL?(S'iHj.. .jSiiia êsP-
lufrsu/r Gu/rafia/* ?
sreir !bemu(if)ih
euG/Dra/a.
L_/raL_fr : suswraai/..
Do (you) have fever all the time ?
(I) do not have fever all the time
(in a day) There is slight fever inthe
evening. The whole body perspires
once in the night. Then fever is
reduced. But (I) cough all the time.
Are (you) sneezing often ?
Yes, sir. (I) have sneezing, I have also
cold.
There is nothing. You take this
medicine four times a day...Are you
going alone ?
No, sir. My friend is also coming
along with me. I take leave of you,
sir,
Vanakkam.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
12, 48. 144. /Bsbsorr^ g^rnKs^nStiiaortn ?
a_L_ii)L/ y,!rfrsi;u) jfj&ieotr Gsuffa^ti.
;f/Bja Ûf-aaLj. îihQpiSmmeint ?
12. 4S. 145. ..L_Gsii CTsir jBiiOTU(5ti sutgy.
auiGsii aTPu.jii) gtâ^g/fwa.
b. Build up drill
(i) fiiBia fioieoiTfi irmi@-
(ifmisetTiT 7
g/rm/@flf nuaeirir ?
fbtbeoir
(ii) fi_i_tijL/ y,{r/ri/ii) fi&ieoir
Qsuifaîh.
(iii) Sh.L.Qeu ST ear [b em u li
6U(27(5.
6U(2?(!5
lbemu(rf)ih
ereir
<9n.L_CJsl/
c. Expansion drill
(i) (r.T^jf/P Gu/f<5@ii).
/BsiJSUfr Geuiraîh.
spfj^jrii) Geunsîh
(ii) ;ffm;a gjibcipjiymiasTrnr ?
rSji^-Aau^ îh(tfirffmiaerTir 7
(iii) cTsir /Bsroruîii sinj?-
fti.I_G6U 61/(15(15
Lesson 481 411
0mia jBbo/TjS ^lii^^miaerriT ?
îii@;SiiiaeniT 7
jsebeoir^ ^mj^rffmiaeiriT 7
0mi& jb&Deon^ ^lii^rffiiisemr 7
a_i_iiq y,(r/rsi/iL /BsbsOT G6u(r<sB(gii).
Gsu/f@ii)
/Bsbsu/r G6jjff@i)
y,(r/Ti;m ;Bt>60/r G6xi/r@m
a_i_i)L/ y,!r/rsi/iB jBsbso/r G6u/r@ti.
an.i_Gsu erssr jB6ifin-U(5Ui einirfa^.
6ij((i7(5
j6SiraTtj{/5tD 61/(27(5
6T6ST ^6iiirru([5ii) 6ii(27(5
aK.i_G6i/ sTSJr /BSBirrL;(5Lb eutnjt!^.
IflT^Î? G1)(T66@U3.
niT^îP /B360/r G6ii/fa@iri.
[T/r^^/P aî_ii)i-/ y,!r(rsi/ti) /ssbeoir
G6i//r(gub..
jr/rjSjiSfP 9(5)5?^) 2-i-iii4 y,!r/r6iyii)
/Bsbeo/r Geu/ra^ti.
0mi& gjLb(yj35'fE/iS56Tr/T ?
;fffE/ c9/tij.a(4. îhQfiîiiaerriT 7
er&ST ^6WTL/(5Lb 6i/(27(5-
6T6Jr /B6B5TU(5t2) ..L-Gsii eu(27(5.
(i) Q : a_/6/ 2_L_I>4@ er&nesr 7
A : Glirsoirr (Lp@)/;BTsrrfr ^(5LD60/r ^(5<B@J/B/....
(ii) Q; aiTUJ^^sb erruueijih ^(5@^/r ?
A : eruuemh ÂiQectiia. .
1(12/An Intenstw Course in Tamil
(iii) Q: î4.Asui. ffihapiUiiieKnir ?
(iv) Q: 0iits fioPiuiraJti GunfSmisi?
(i) iSiiia gTA@pf/i/asjT/r ?
verb accordingly.
iLuemeumia
iLireoiT
(ii) fiTssr fiefyruaîh euiirjaSf
verb suitably,
giii)(!/)
Gu!t
(iii) fruj##sb
verb suitably.
Guir
(iv) n-ujffa=6b
verb suitably.
euir
Gutt
(v) (ip^ /BfTSKTff ^(!f)iLeCirf ,
Substitute and ehange the
noun accordingly.
jS ntiiGpiuiT 7
mm? gn-n5/@(27 7
LDrresineumia g;r'EJ@(27'fi'srrT ?
g/rmosa/r ?
STsr /BswrU(5ii euâ^.
eresT fiemu(iîb ^(ip.
CTSJr [6eArU(!îh giti(tp(2y{5.
ffTfiJr |B6wrU(5Lci.GLjfr(2?(!5.
iSfruJi=<9=sb @Q(DiL/tr).
ffifTiiJa=*6b euîh.
ffifruJa=i?6b Gu/T(giB,
aiTiuAaêb @(oljDa./g/.
6sn-uJc?<fsb .;:9(iq.<s@g;'
aBTuJffffsb GuiTOgi.
{tp@U {Brrenir ^lOfiOfr âig-
gjrsj<9s.
Lesson 48 / 413
fiireiTiT^ îbmeoiT
(ip@a fiirenirA aêiPiuir ^(5<SB@-
gjmis.
E-iB/a a_i_iiq(g ersiresT 7
a_fE/<s5 (y)(S@iS@ sTsirsBT ?
fl_(EJiSS 65)i356B(g 6T6ffr65r ?
a_fBji35 a_i_g2;@ sTSffrssr 7
ah.i(Sei] 6T6ST fl56wru((5Lb BU ' ^^JJ.
an-L-GsU 6T6Sr 6IOTSU(5li) 61/(27(5.
<SK. I_G6U 6T6ffr rf'G6i!TjjS(5Lb 61l(27{!5.
;?fB/ g/rns/(g33'/H/<95ffn-/r ?
;SfE/(5B ^(5(Lp(lJ'fB/6Tr/r 7
fiiia îh(ipiSriiaeTTiT 7
(ii) 6TBT6B@ ^(5D60fr @(5@g/. 6T6in-@ ^(5i56D/T ^(jiB^g;.
ersBTcSiSjS gj/iinsoiT CTSffra^ g/tiii60/r ^(j^jSgJ-
6T6sr(gffi ffifruJ<fif60/r 6T6ifr66@a 6B/niJff*6U/r ^(SiB-sgj.
EXERCISES
g. Fill in the blanks using the cues given ih parentheses as in the model
given below.
Model: _/ E/ 6B@ erdresr 7 (health/body)
(i) fifi^fineirrr + ^([5(Sgi(5/aB. (cough)
(ii) Geoa^n + SL-ih gloa^g/. (fever)
(iii) rriT^îP rb&êoiT^ rSiiiaenrr 7 (sleep)
(vi) tL.mta flL.i_uiLj<B@ erehefr 7
noun accordingly.
ens
(vii) Oi-iCsi/ erear ;Biiin-Li(5ii
6i/(2?(5.
noun accordingly.
LOITLOIT
aesn'ev(iT)
^GesrS^^
(i) jS/resr ^lin^G^m.
firreir @(/5(jpG/D5r.
Ibireifr îhQfiGpeir.
(iv) /7UJ#ffsb. ââ^îT ? (always)
(v) aL_L_u)L/ jBsbfiOfT...... <B@tb. (sweat)
(vi) ffl__Cls5r siTUjAsFîh iqih. (reduce)
(vii) cS/i4.aK}...... ..-rSiiisecrn ? (sneeze)
(viii) ^(!5<a@#/' (sneezing)
(ix) (qii ^(f5ffi@g;/E/ffi, (cold)
(x) ^/B<s + er4= ff'ttui3(3ma. (medicine)
(xi) /BfrgJi 3=/TtJL?(p(Ba. (time?)
(xii) ^liss QunîiiaerriT ? (alone)
Example : îq.Aîb c9<4- + Future
(i) Gsuif + Future :
(ii) ^Qp -t- Future :
(iii) giti)ijp + Future ;
(iv) ^(BdP + Future : ...
(v) ffrruL? .+ Future :
(vi) SUIT + Future :
(vii) g/rnsj(g + Future :
i. Include the adverb form of the item given in parentheses as shown in
the example.
Example: GltrsiwT (tp^/BTOTfr ^(jaggjmja. (^(jtnsb)
(i) QuemQ (ip^)iibrTefTiT ^(TffA^^mia. (aiJiuAÂ))
(ii) LCurQeouSGeo ^(ânofisirPaiSffi afriuffffsu c9jii).@tx). (Geosr)
(iii) fiiia Guirrffiiiaemr 7 (ôsP)
(iv) cînrrfKja, @(5iS@gj(Bja. (gjiiiLDsb)
j. Transform the followihg singular non-honorific imperatives into singular
honorific imperatives.
(i) jS fnui3(S,
(ii) $ gffii;.
(iii) Gurr.
(iv) 0 euir.
(v) ;ff (!5(tp.
k. Answer these questions. ' :
(i) S-iiis ffl_i_LDq@ ereitesr 7
(ii) /fffB/a ijn^îP ^sbsUTjS g/rm/ojiS'fEitfsifnT 7
Lesson 48 / 415
(iii) Qjb^î jj/rjSj^/f 2_fi/6BiS]f5(g,s siriuAaêb ^.jij. j<?=î7 ?
(iv) a_mj tS/ffl/DiLfCJso Gljrn-uju Csu/ra^îr ?
(v) ;g/Bj êsTfiQîrgith ueheiPAaî-^Â^^ êsPiuiteuiT
(vi) ffli-iCSsii ffi_rQffi u3Gl6in-6)5'iL/ijb/a6Wfrsu(5ii) smLo^fja^
(vii) /f/Bj @iJLJ LDc5;BgJ 3'iTUL3($pSmiaerrn ?
(viii) ^mj ^(5ix)@2;6B(g sTSBTSijr in(5^gj a=/rLJLS' (5(i5'ffija ?
VOCABULARY
i_fri_(f 'medical doctor' a_L_LbL/ 'human body /
health'
'cough' 'slightly'
'fever' 'sleep'
y,!r(r (sivii) 'throughout, ^ 'always'
whole'
'get fever' 'once'
'sweat' 'reduce'
'cough' giti(ip 'sneeze'
'sneezing' cold'
'medicine' QeuQen 'times'
'alone'
GRAMMAR
12.48^144. Tamil verbs may be broadly classified into two, namely, intransi-
tive and transitive. As Arden says 'the intransitive verb usually expresses
experiencing, enduring, and action which is confined to the subject of the verb
and does not pass on to an object. The verbs such as ^lii^, 'sleep', Qeuif
'sweat' iLbQfi 'sneeze' and ^(ip 'cough' are intransitive verbs: These
verbs suggest that the subjects in the following sentences are experiencing the
actions expressed by them. Note that there is no object in these sentences.
12. 48. 144. jSriis jBsbsO/r^ ^liKgiîiiaefTiT ?
ffi-iiijL/ y,(r/r6i/L0 fioêoir GeviiAîb.
12.48145. We noticed in 5.28.101 that is a sociative case marker.
Unlike other case markers this can occur alone without noun. It signifies 'along
with'. -67 is an emphatic marker. Example :
12.48.145. ah.i_C6U 61657 i5S!raTU(5LD 6^(37(5.
Sandhi : ah.i_ + ej Sh.iQeu
jSeirPajfr + > jSeifPiu/rei/fr (Refer S.9 in 1.9)
ms r r 12
LESSON 49
WITH THE SERVANT BOY
DIALOGUE
ujssirf' ; finasT ^^Sr ixi ssuP a O
ijrCjTsi^ : ujrr(5 a_Br(ol6jriJ LJ(5<O1
(gB)fBJ65 ?
iDsroP : /BjTffiiJujfr STDITIT 6T(ipijLj-
tSjCljS ^ (5 u q G 60 -
uJ^/Bgj 6T(D(g, y,G)ff-
@ij y, 6U(TmJoG6aruj/7 ?
Mani, when did you get up ?
I got up at five o' clock, sir.
Who woke you up from the bed ?
Mr. Narasaiah woke me up, sir.
Shall (I) boil the milk for bed coffee?
The milk is being heated in the oven,
You remove it from the oven. Did
you buy flowers for pooja ?
Lesson 49 / 417
UJ" (5 /B gj ^ 6W SUB? (5
QuiTisf. LûuirQev S T . . .
eurreiP jS6!wr6B!rP(f5
eT(o)|D.
tDsinrP : a'tPiiis. su/rsrPtii'Clsoui'^/Bg/
ftGjrsi^ ; /BT(olOT<B(g 9(5 qgj suirsiP
euniiiaeonih .... ^ G so
^fPOsUjS gffiEi(S(27c5
sS/suGliTff ^ A S ij u> rr
eT(iptJq.
No, sir. Siiall (I) pluck (flowers)
from the garden ?
Alright, Look ! The water is leaking
from that tap. Close it tightly. Take
the tooth powder tin from the
almirah. Draw a bucket of water
from the well.
Alright, sir. The Water is leaking
from the bucket, sir.
(We) shall buy a new bucket
tomorrow- Mr. Trivedi is sleeping
in the room. Wake him up quickly.
Alright, sir.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
12. 49. 146. uj(r(5 s-sirQm 6T(jptjq(6B)(BJ 7
. /B/rsw uirQeoA sirujAffiLQLOiT 7
$ cS/GlfS ^p<sm/r (LP. ^
0 .3{suQtf eT(iiut-i.
12. 49. 147. /B/Tsir ^(iÔrLDmfAGa 6T(ip/BGjaOTr,
^j7jiuuj/r jg/rsjr ersorGlsffr 6T(ipLJq(gB)(5,
unA) ^QuLtGeo miriq^.
/BrrssT uirQeoA afruj L1LD/T 7
12. 49. 148. ujiT(r^ 2_6srQffl>TiJ ij(olauJ'Gsoui'(5(Bg/
0 &etni-uS'Geou3(iT,fii y, cu/r/Bj^GeOTojir f
b. Build up drill
(i) finssT &ni3A(û unQeos
aiTtuAaîLQiniT ?
unQeo
(ii) ibrrffîuiun^nesT ereirQesr
6T(tpUL/(6B)(5.
(iii) $ s,Qi-\i3Qeou3(tf)fig^ y,
eunm^Gmujn ?
6U/T/EJ(g(j6OTUJ/T ?
y.
c. Expansion drill
(i) ftp.
^gjiiSasLDfr (ip
(ii) $ 6T(ipiJi-(.
c9(lJ<o)(r 6T(LpiJLj
#<S^(rU3(r 6T(ipUL}
(iii) ^ toUfrnsJigGsin-ujfr 7 .
G6!friiJ(T ?
(iv) (g(pnrui'51soiL5'(5^gj
/sfTssT afTLPffi^LJ u/rGlsuas antuA-
a=u-u3ir ?
iruJ<s=ffLLinfr 7
unQsoA airujSF3=iLQLDiT ?
aiTL3a{g)U UirQeoA airiuAgîLQinn?
ffiueir miSAû uuQeoA
iSB/TUJa^ffLLUD(r 7
jbn^tuujiTîTesT erm^QesT
eT(lÛLjtS)(J^.
6T(ipiJ 4(65(5
eTssrQssT 6T(ipuL;(6B)(5
jBSTffuJujfr^ffeir srewQeiir
eT(ipLJL/(6g)(5.
0 a5QL_uJ'GsouJ'(5jBg/ y su/T(Ej(g-
GeurujiT ?
cufrmj^Gssruj/T ?
y, 6UfrfEJ(gG6ifTUJiT ?
(o)L-uJ'GOa5'(5;Bgj y, 6u/rmj@-
G65riiJT 7
^ aGli_a5'G60uJ!'(5jBgJ y, 6u/Tm)(g-
GesTUJir ?
^ CP.
6T(lpLJL(.
'if cS/SuGliT 6T(JpLlL/.
^ ÂStjinn c9j6u(o)jr 6T(ipui_/.
jf 61J(TffiJ@G65IUJ(r ?
jf y, 6ijff(Bj@G6mu/r ?
jf yQffa^LJ y, 6U(T(B)@G6!jruj/r 7
jf aG1i_ui'G60ui'(5^gj y,G1<9=i(gu
y, 6U(T(U/(gG6WUJff 7
cSi^^-s (gjp(nt5'G60ui'(5^g; aSti^^-
^fiÂ îfinuS'Geoti3(iT)fi^
^6WT6Wf (5 a#ILJJ.
Lesson 49 / 479
(i) Q: iS eruu eT(ipffiG^ ?
A ; fiiT^ ,5f(^towPC5<s6 ffT(tp^CjS6Br, sruirrf.
(ii) Q: luffcj iL-ekQesr srctpuqigjfBffi ?
A : /BiTiFUJtun'iS/rfiCT T(y)U4(5.
(iii) Q: aQLû3Geoid'(!^fii y^QaÂû y, eurriii^QemujiT?
A : ^sbGlfiO srUT/f.
(i) *isi/c!5 6T(y)uq(5.
verb accordingly.
fiiriita
tSisum *
(ii) ujfr(5 a_65r(oliT sTrLpL/qiSSjr&a?
noun accordingly,
jhirrsis
filTlD
(iii) /B/rsir eT(tpijL/Cp6!fr6ir.
Substitute atid conjugate the
verb suitably.
uiTtrf)
aiTiuAgr
61J IT fEJ@
UftJ
6T(O)/D
/ B/ TOTT eT(y)iJqCtS5rs5T.
fi!T!iim eT(iûnG{îb.
rbiTin 6T(LptJL/Cpiii).
/f ST(lÛL(GeiST.
^susir ffTryjumgjsir.
cS^SU STctpUL/,
uj/r(5 ffTesrQsOT sT^yitJL/igjiBia ?
ujfr(f5 tosuirf'Quj 6T(tptJq(Q)/Bj ?
ujfr(5 c9jsuQ|r sT(ipLiqiS5)fB/ ?
iu(r(5 sTrejaGlsTT 6T(ipuq(g)n5J ?
UJfr(5 (BlbGllD 6T(tptJl_/(65(B/ ?
|BT6iir
r5/T6Br
/BIT sir
tbirem
fBTcJr
IbiTsir
6Tp<B@GbI!T65r,
6Ufrf5/(gGfain 6iir.
uf)?<yCo#6Jr,
(iv) c9/gJ aiTiL/g/. ffiffiqg;.
verb suitably.
(i) j^/fCffljjS iT!iiig,(irj(rf). îPGeu^ g/rfE/@(gB)(f5.
[bnm sT(gG(i3SJr. /BTSST STOJSGJSSOT.
(ii) 65frii-/gj. cS/gJ ffi/TiL/ii.
EXERCISES
g. Fill in the blanks using thj cues given in parentheses as in the model given
below.
Model ; 0 CTtJU p,Q^ ? (get up)
0 6TUU er(tp(6G^ ?
(i) lurr^rf) SsirQe<iT ts^fiiffi. (wake up)
(ii) rbirm + STIS afruJ^^LL^LD/r ? (milk)
(iii) ibassT + ^(lm/r ? (boil)
(iv) uTgjj gj. (be boiled)
(v) GsOui'tTjfBgJ 6Tpffi@. (oven)
(vi) + ^GeDuS'(!T)fi^ euirm^GmujiT ? (shop)
(vii) ...4-a_G,DuJi(f5;6gJ unS'AaiLQmiT 7 (garden)
(viii) ^(B^ + ^Geou3(rT)fi^ jSewreinif #iL/g;. (pipe)
(ix) êm&ssfar, iqgj (leak)
(x) .^Gl^ + ctp- (tightnesis) . '
(xi) ^/Q^ (close)
(xii) L.uLJfrQsD (take)
(xiii) ^swTfflssf(5 gj. (leak)
(xiv) i_LJufr(ol6i/ ST, (tooth powder)
(xv) jS + ST CT. (tin container)
Example : a_sirQsr '0 + Objective
(i) Ufrgjj + Objective :
Lesson 49 I 421
(ii) TL? 4- Objective ;, '
(iii) CS H OL JH + Objective : , T .
(iv) Gli_ + Objective :
(v) y,(J)4F + Objective ;
(vi) y, + Objective ;
(vii) su/rsrP + Objective :
i. Include the objective form of the item given in parentheses as shown in
the example.
Example : UJ/TC5 ST(y)L/q(S)mi
uj(r(5 22_65rGlsi(T eT(tpiJLj(gg)(B/ffi ?
(i) TB/TSW /TUJcfa^LlL0(r?fLj/Tg2j)
(ii) if er/BffiO. (<:)))
(iii) /ff y,(o)<f(g fiUfrrai^Gfisrujff ? (y)
(iv) /f ffi (uabQufruf L_LiLj(r)
(v) /f SASI;W!T eT(iûL\ (êu^)
j. Include the ablative form of the item given in parentheses as shown in the
example.
Example: finek sr^fiQêlsr. {u(ÂQ&)
(BiT^Jr u(5'iQ<35uJ'G60ui'(5/Dg/ ST(1PJBGJS65T>
(i) ujfr(5 ffl_65r(o)65r ST(iûL\i^!iia ? (i-/(5a(ol) . , , ,
(ii) .^s/GliS ffT/)@.(=s/ LJq)
(iii) g,(o)<rffiou y, 6Ufr/i/@Gs3TUJ/r ? (Qt_)
(iv) fBfTsir urtâatl^trKT ? (G^/TL_t_ii))
(v) jS6WISMf(I5 ai^tL\0. l(Q\fiinu)
(vi) ;f cSZ/BiS iLJUffQeu S T . (<:9(ot/rfP)
(vii) sun-erP ^6Birr6wf(5 srGlpj. ((olasurrgi/}
(i) u(5Q<ss + ^G0 ui'(5;B/ ; ,
ffi(olt_ + ^G6Uui'(5;Bgi ;
eufTsrP + @G60it5'(5;Bgi
(ii) + 6T :
(iii) i_LJUff 4- 6T : i
y, + ffT r . , .
(iv) Gl6wrrg)i + 2_(ol60ui'(5;Bg/ :
sijui'g)) 4- a_G60ui'(5;Bgj : > ' :.[' - \
(i) 0iiis sirQeou^Qeo er^^Qesr UDSssPa^ sT(ip^^fBj ?
(ii) sîiisQerr ajfr(5 iJ(3'Qa5ui'G6Uii?t5;Bg/ 6T(LptJi_/ig)/Bi<3B ?
422 I An Intensive Coune in Tami/
(iii) /ffniia êTSTfiQ^ngjib ufrgy @t:)-iJL?mi<956Tr/r ? -
(iv) ffm/a êsifiG^fr^th yGl* (ol*uJji?m;STr(r ?
(v) xuthis (S-i?L-(5 (pfriifCeoiifcij/BgJ eruL/fivtb ^MBTsoBf
VOCABULARY
6Tclp 'get up' 'bed'
'wake up' 'milk'
'boil' 'oven'
'be boiled' 'remove'
'shop' 'pooja'
'garden' pluck'
'pipe' ail 'leak'
Lj/r(f5 'look' 'tightly'
(5P
'close' . 'toothpowder'
i_ijunr 'tin, container' 'weir
6T(O)(D 'draw water 'quickly'
from the well'
'leak'
GRAMMAR
12-49.146. We noticed in 12.48.144. that Tamil verbs are classified into two,
namely, intransitive and transitive. The transitives again can be classified
into inherent transitive and derived transitive. In this lesson, we mainly deal
with inherent transitive verbs and derived transitive verbs in contrast with
intransitive verbs.
As Arden says, 'a transitive verb denotes certain action that does pass over to
an object.' The verbs like sTrtpuL/ 'wake up', airiuffa 'boil', eiirnii^ 'buy',
fipQ 'close' etc., are transitive verbs. Note that the actions expressed by these
verbs are pas.sed on to the objects in the following examples.
12. 49. 146. ujiT(5 2a_s5T(ol65r sT(iptJL(@)m/ ?
jB(raT unQeoA airuJjffLlLD/T ?
a-sirGlsw 'yoî-^bj', uirOsO 'milk-obj'. ,^Q^ 'that-obj' are the objects of the
sentences mentioned ubove (Also refer 6.31.111).
12.49.147. Now let us consider the relationship between the following sets
of verbs.
(i) 6T(Lp 6T(lpULj
(ii) atruJ airuJffSi-
(iii) sTipii)^ sTp<a(g
Lesson 49 / 423
We notice a phonetic resemblance between the two sets of verbs. But there
is a little phonetic difference that establishes the fact that they are different in
function and meaning. The verbs listed in the first and the second columns
are called intransitive and (derived) transitive respectively. This does not
mean that a transitive verb can be derived from any and all instranstive verbs.
The following examples illustrate the grammatical behaviour of these verbs.
12. 49. 147. /BTsJT cS/(^*u3ss5f'<B(J<5 sT(tp;BCjSS5r.
u/rb cS)iJL/Go 66/riqg/.
finm unQeos, airuJAa'iLQLLiT 7
The verb which is not derived from any intransitive verb is called inherent
transitive. For example, the verbs like euiTrii(Q 'buy' up? 'pluck', (tp 'close',
CT 'take' etc., are inherent transitive verbs : Example ; 0 y,Q3=S<g,u y,
euiriii^QasTtun'^; GjSirtLi-iJg/CtscuJ'cfj/Bg/ L/(25'<saLlijD(T ? ; gu<*-
aiciT gp.; uAQuiTiq. L_iJunr(olsu sr. etc.
12.49,148. See the following sentences.
12. 49. 148. .tuiT(!^ SL.6irQsisTu ua(old5uJ'Gsoui'(f5/Bg/
/ff 6!Di_ui'GUiii'(i5/BgJ y, si/fr(5>(gG65ruj(T ?
^sou3iTfPiL5'G6Uit?(5(Bg/ ueoQun^. IUUITQSU S T .
Let us recall the function of the case 'ablative of motion' (Refer 5.27.0')). The
case forms like uQAQau3Gsou3iif,fi^, 'bed-from' GlL_ai'GsouJ'c5;BgJ 'shop-
from', êcuaiTifuS'QeoiiSaFffi^], 'almirah-from' and Glasiwr^gjGsDiLf^fBg/
'well-frcm' are the same as the case forms we have in the following sentences.
5. 27. 99. rbirssT eîLQGMuSii})^^^ euGpsir.
fSiiix eT;iiGsa9fff)iiiQi etiiffiiia ?
GuijnîPiLi-ci^ iDrriiAaC-QGeouS'ir^fi^ L/33LILJ(27(5.
The difference we find in these two sets of sentences is that the ablative of
motion is understood along with an object in the former set of sentences
whereas it is iinderstncjd without an object in the later set of sentences.
Sandhi ; LjiS1a + ,^CcsouS'riijfi^ --> u(SaiQaiii9GeouS'iiT)P>(^
Oi_ + ^Gsou9(if)fiî &QL^.[L9Gi.mStif)fi^
bi//TfffP + {îlMuf(,t)ib^ > 6i/(rTPi(VGs.-ou'?(2);B^ (Kefer S.8 in 1.5)
(Refer S. 17 in 2.1.V)
QcfibMip + tL.GiOii^^rfjfi^ ~ > (olaswMfSj^/GsOtti'fi^f&gj (Refer S. 26 in 11.47)
LESSON 50
INSTRUCTING A COOK
DIALOGUE
jBsbsOT eu 6ir (5 lii a.
^fiîTiiia y,Qs=A(g)U y,.
^Qê^: ^fi^ G)i>iTL.(o)iQujebeOiTth
sj6imLiT uiîQ^ 1 ....
^6BTgyLD <f.fuJT 61? (P-
luQeO- ; /B (T G) 6IT @
Sir, all the flower plants are growing
well in the graden. Here are the
flowers for Pooja ! '
Hey I why did you pluck all these
buds ? They have not ^yet fully
blossomed. Dori't pluck (the buds)
like this tomorrow.
l_;6!roT6SBTLLllfr ?
Alright, sir. Shall (I) prepare tiffin ?
LDSTOP GîrQs^ ffrt-tLQinrr ?
arGiê^ : G^nQa^- Gsusminih.
aktl enevuGu ?
ensna^Gp^r, oS'crfifiîr-
eiPAairaa Q a iri^ s= th
têurrGaffiPiLfdi SemQ-
SrGijein>: *fP., LD^jûjfrsOTii) eiasrssr
o^Qiti&tgfGip ?
unius'ih msuGiueir. î?-
GeuÂigfU u n lu 3= LD
Qi;nihuLJ iS'iÂigiLb ....
Lesson 50 / 425
Okey. What is the tiffin today ?
Shall (I) make dosai ?
(I) do not want dosai. (You) prepare
chappathi. What curry will (you)
prepare ?
(I) will prepare potato curry. (I) will
also prepare a little ravakesari for the
guest. ,
Alright. What will (you) cook for
the noon ?
(I) will cook vegetable biriyani, (I)
will also prepare a sweet.
Instead of sweet, prepare payasam,
Trivedi likes payasam very much...
(You) fry a few vadagam also.
Alright, sir.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
12. SO, 149,, finest isûmÎLKT/T uemessnl-Qirin ?
a_(/5G)6irisQy)/EJ(g a^L- esie\iA(g,Gno^'
fitreir (ola/r(^#LC irsu/rCaff/Piqii) êmQGpeiT,
;rsufrGfffP@u uêorru u/riuatb eneuGiueir,
12. SO. ISO. ^fi^ QuMiLQiQiuaêoitih ejemu.n uÂGe' 7
b. Build up drill
(i) JBffiST ffl_(5(o!6TTffi(ol65{pm/@
(ii) !ri/frG*(Pffi(gu uêonu
uiTUJifLb emeuQiLisir.
cmsuGujsffr
Ufruja=ii)
0") @/B<5 QLD/TLl(p1l_(oluj6b60/Tli3
s7eB5Ti_/T ufiS'^G* ?
ejemin unSsFGs^ 7
c. Expansion drill
(i) jbteir SemC^Gp^,
(ola/T(^ffii! SmrQGpeiT
id9fflTOT ^ C? |D car.
(iii) QuiT/f.
evisapih Qurri?
6in6U(S(gGfD6Br.
65)Sli<S@C(D6BT
s5)sij@Gn3SJr.
esisuGiussT.
emeuGujm
uiTiuffib sinsuGuJsir
sinsuGujeir.
^/B^ GlLDiriKoliGliufibeo/Tii
sjeaJTifr ufi5''5'G<s: ?
ejemi^tf uifi^G^ ?
(oluD/TC(oli_<oluJ6b60(rti) ejemtîr
u(i?*Gff ?
S7S!nrTL_(T u^y^G* ? '
fl5/T6Jr J'sTOT(5'G(D6aT.
^/rejr ij6\jnGits=iPiLjLb SernXSGfoeir.
/BT6BT !o)66fr(g5<9=LCi {TSUffGaSff/Pu^LD
i86!iiT(5GjDsr.
^(T5r 4i5'(5f6iS'r6Tpaffifr<sB (olafrc^ffii
jTSUirGaa^rPiqii dSsuirT^Gffjeir.
îB<ZiJ y,Gl6U6t)Ufni): s^rpujGlso.
'oiS'iPujQeo.
^/B^LJ yjClewsbsunrii) êsTgj/ii)
Lesson 50 / 427
(i) Q : uûeir jsajfrrf usrorfiroTil(pu5fr ?
A : CâirGlff C?6i/ijsTi_/Ttb. epuun^^ QuitQ.
(iii) Q: ffrsirsw smsv/iI/CJu ?
(i) iS sjeir L//i?*Ga= ?
verb accordingly.
(ii) /BfTsJr ei!)eu&ig)G[oeiT,
verb suitably.
ffrQ
GuirQ
QuiTiP
(iii) eîPujQeO.
verb accordingly.
GUITQ
63) SU
jg ejeir ur^s'Gs' ?
jbireifr ar(^Gpek.
[brrdr GuirQGp^.
jbireir Sem(SGroeir.
IbireiT QuiTiPA^Gp^,
^1 euerrijQeO-
Gunu.Qeo.
(iv) S1J61T(5^/
Substitute and change the"
verb accordingly,
QiftU.
(v) urSAQeF. ^ UPSAQS^.
verb suitably.
aioTffff 0 suetrrrfiG^.
GL U T /ff GuirCGt-.
65)6U ' $ aaeuAGa'.
QuiTif . 0 QuaiP&Gef.
SssisT(^ jS Se<m(^G6isT,
ft jf anlGi
(i) cSygJ eue(T(Qi. c9/gi eueirijQeo.'
c9/g/ siS'/Piqg/. cS/gJ siSi/PujGlso.
c9ygj G1(?UJ1L/^V <ol*UJUj(o)60.
(ii) ;ff GufT. iff GufTLfrG^.
iff 6856U. iff msuAsirG^.
iff Lin?. iff uftJaa/TG^.
iff Quirrf'. jf G)uff/PirGjS '
EXERCISES
given below.
Model : ersbsD/nJ y,ff(o)<fi4,iL/LD rbsbeorT.-.-......(grow)
(i) ^ffiîTiita--.' (flower)
(ii) yQsusbso/TLo fifîuir luQeo. (blossom)
(iii) iff . . . . . <S(T G^. (pluck)
(iv) iBiTfiir G<s/TQa= + îL(îniT. (roast)
(v) tg &T6srS5r smsutJGu ? (a kind of curry)
(vi) (Sfr irsuirGdSfffP c6)iin-G(D65r. (guest)
(vii) . . . . J i9=(o)u3<@Gp63T. (biriyani)
(viii) ..ufisin-^GfDSffr. (sweet)
(ix) ^fiffPuq Grosk. (prepare)
(x) iff meuGiussT. (sweet semi-liquid food)
(xi) QsiTi^s'ih QuiTiP. (spiced and dried lumps of flour)
(xii) iff (fry)
h. Frame questions for the answers given below following the model.
Model iB/Tsir ti'/Puj/Toraf a=(o)uDiS(gGn36Jr.
/S STSJrssr s^QiDm^Gro ?
Lesson 50 / 429
(i) fiitsn upâ^CSpoT.
(ii) fiiroT OLiLQ snsuA^Gprar.
(iii) /E/TCST eui_6B(ipu) QuniPa^Qp^-
(tv) /B/Tssr ffiJUfTjSjS Ou/r^GpsJr.
(v) /BiTosr ^fflfPuqu uem^Gpm.
Example: aSîPiu nJ/P + Inf-
(i) fiiJOT(5 + Inf;
(ii) u^? + Inf .
(iii) 3T(S + Inf;
(iv) GuiT + Inf: ...
(v) aaeu + Inf:
(vi) îin- + Inf:
(vii) Qffuj + -Inf:
(viii) QuiT^ + Inf:
Example : a^QiLA^Gipeir + Present
(i) SsmQ + Present:
(ii) 65)su + Present:
(iii) QurriP + Present:
(iv) susrr + Present:
(v) u3? + Present :
j. Join the following according to the sandhi rules.
(i) GjafnlL-ti + S-Geo : (ii) y, + erebeoinb :
uiTiuffih + ST :
(i) suiiia 61?LL(5GSO erebeorru y,<f Qj^-Hjii â^îr ?
(ii) (Ej snQeouSQeo eresrssi uûeir ffnuiS^L-ie-mis ?
(iii) @6!8tT(o)6Birr<s6@ S-iiia sj/oirsfui-BbGsi) uniuaîh emeviFa-iTmiaefTiT ?
(iv) 2L.mjtffl5@ 2L_(5(SliT<a(oly3m)(g sîLQu LJ'irj-.BîjOfr ?
(v) 2i_nSJ UlGleiTolS' Glsu^t-LS'STT d'rf'uJfrSBrf' #G)LDLJU(TfBJSTTfr ?
VOCABULARY
'grow' 'bud'
'yet' <j=/Pujrr 'properly/fully'
'blossom' 'like this'
'prepare' 'roast'
Gu/r 'prepare' ah-il 'a kind of curry'
'prepare' 619(5 (B^TSTP _ 'guest'
ifeufiGa^lP 'a sweet dish
SiJiaih
prepared out of
wheat and sugar'
'vegetable'
'sweet'
'instead of
'spiced and
dried lumps
of flour'
iJrf'uj/rsKirf'
u/ruj*ir
'stir/prepare'
'biriyani'
'prepare'
sweet semi-
liquid food'
fry'
GRAMMAR
12.50.149. We noticed in the lesson 6.31 that the objective case marker -OT
is sometimes covertly expressed in certain grammatical contexts. In this lesson
we see some of the transitive verbs that are preceded by the objects which do
not have the objective case marker explicitly. Example :
12. 50. 149. îTssr uûsir ÎUITIT uemsmCQmiT ?
jbiTsir (o)6B/T(5ffLb [reuirGaa'iPu-jib SemQGp^.
iTsun^CJaff/PcB^L/ uêoiTU uniua'ih ensuGiusir.
This composition of a noun and a verb appears to be a compound verb
wherein the noun may be expanded with the objective case marker -sr. See
ah-L. onsu (KJ-LLQI emeu
ijeuirGsaî? SemQ t^suirGaîPQujA SemQ
Lj(TUja=ti emeu u/rujff^Q^ emsu
suiaih Qurri? 6 I J L _ ^QÛ Qutrif
12.50.150. Like -ihiDiT and -UUIT (Refer 1.7. Notes), -i_(r can also be added
to any word or sentence. It is used by the speaker when the hearer is young
and/or socially inferior. It also indicates that the speaker and hearer are on
intimate terms, childhood friends^ etc. Sometimes it is used to indicate that
speaker shows affection to the hearer. Example ; s-reuin-i-fr (ejesr + iir);
eurriiT ; Gumir etc. See the following sentence.
12. 50. 150. (oliDfTil(oli_(o)ujsb60/ni) ejamirr urS'S^Ga^ 7
Sandhi : y, + Qa=L). > y,a=Glffi). (Refer S.4 in 1.2)
y,a=(ola=tij. + ffl_Lb : > y,a=Qffii).iL/ti
QumiL-Qi + erêoiTifi > QinirCQi^Qujebeomh .
fffP -H c%a=fPuj(T (Refer S.8 in 1.5).
y, + CTSusOffii-::>y,(ol6U6b60/TU) (Refer S.9 in 1.7)
UNIT 13
LESSON 51
WE TEACH -ÂMIL
DIALOGUE
jbireir uogiQi/u uâQeoA
s^pa^^Geo îB u
GuîrîPiuffiT QeuQeo
L;/r/ra@CI/D6Br. @ mj C a
uêsTi^^gr LD ir essr eu tii a
îByi ejih. ej. utij.<a@-
(jymja. SU/BJ G) SIT <S
5S 6)?(T (olsij6rP/B/rLla-
(ffffE/a. jbiriiix rSisuiiis-
(Sif5<s@j5 û9y) GlLD/ry?-
My name is Sundaram. I work as
a Professor of Tamil in Madurai
University. Fifteen students study
Tamil M.A. here. Other than
these (students) some foreigners are
also studying for Tamil Diploma.
We teach the Tamil language to
them. They study Tamil (here) for
one year. Within this one year they
speak Tamil well. At the end of the
year we conduct an examination.
Almost all (of them) will pass that
examination. We give diploma
to them.
^ iB Ulq-S^^flTflilS,
{TTjiiia ; ST (tp ^ (2? fEi ffi.
9(5 G{S(fei//Bt_js^C(ayui.
cSjCJfBiSUiT sTbsO(r(5U>
utrsfo u soir (jy mi as.
^6u(Bja<sr5g5 ^ IT w a
'iûerrGwir' uiLiih
QaijQa^Gijrftii,
îPGeu^ ; SrGi;e^ si_mj uifrsiwr-,
su(r/r.... ? s/su(!5 ereireisT
ui4.@(2?(5 ?
SrfiîjLh : SrGijS)^ eresT imremsv^
^T6r....,:S/SU(5 }B u? {p
'iji).L/siT(2tDn-' Liji}.@(2?(5.
Is Mr. Suresh your student ?... what
is he studying ?
(Yes) Mr. Suresh is my student...He
is studying Tamil diploma. Do you
know him ?
(Yes, I) know (him sir),
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
13. 51. 151. iDiremeuriia îîfi uuâîrrjiiia.
^sumja jSt^tp ibA)eoiTU Guartnjmia.
b. Build up drill
(i) LDnsmsuiiia îB\fi uuâ^-
(ii) !biTiiia êumiaiâQS
a(DL?a(gG(2fii>.
Lesson 51/433
finiiia
(iii) ^suiEia îB\fi(Ieo fioosonu
Guffriitjiiia
IbAeoiT
(iv) fitriBisaQL-fiu^Qeo Qîie^
Qi_#u5iGeo
c. Expansion drill
(i) rbiiek GevQeo u/r/r@G/D6JT.
Gu!r(r#/Puj(r(r GsuGleu
u/r(fcB@G(De5T
L;6ba5(o1ffl)<a{piagjG60
GffljQeo uiTifasoGpsir
(ii) rttrriis spiSm(g)Qîb,
Gffrfii)
G(2?u)
(iii) ^su(BJ uu).@t2J(Bj.
(iv) fBir/E/a )aiT(S'a@G(it7ii>.
(rj-fJerrGto/r (ola/r(S'@C(25'to
G(27Lb.
G(2yLb.
^fiunsjffl ^li^jpGeo iBsbsoiru )
GU9i{njmia.
fi&ieonu Qus^îiim
îBipQeo sbAieoiTU Gua(rtyflsi
êviiis ^LBipQeo jBsbsoiru
Guflr(jTyiB/.
GîTSij fii^^G^njih
a<SlL<#u5Go G^ffei/ (BL-jSgiGrnyii
jBfffBja aGliûiiGeo C;S/t6i/
iBi^gjG(27ii).
i&/T6W GsuQeo u/rri'iB|gG|p65r.
fBfreJr Guirirîf U J^T GsuQeo
iJn-(r@GjD6Jr.
iBTsir uei^sQeOisajps^gjGeo
GuijirSiPuji/iT GsuQeo
u(rff@G{D6ffr.
;Bfrmja ajpLSa^Qatjih.
jbmiis c5/6urBi66iST5<s6@ja ûSy)
QLD(ry?QiiJ<B i5BfbL5'<s6(sG(2?tb.
^sufBja utr).(a5(2?(Bi,
neurits 9(5 su(56i%Lb îByi
Tjarrmis QarrQa^Ginjih.
fiiTiiia Uf-uerrGiurT QatiQAi^Gajjth.
(Bfrfsja cS/su/Bj(ST5(g ii)_LJ6rrGLD(r
QaiTQA(g,Q<irjih.
d, Question-Answer drill ,
(i) Q : SrQife^ a_mias innemstjiftt ?
A : ^tan. cSjsiJ jSii'fp uûenQuar un).@(f>7([5-
(ii) Q: si_mj65(g5@ CSJSUGIJTJB Qpûîon 1
verb suitably.
GfiuQso u(r(5 JET'E/<SB GajQso u/r(r@G(27ib.
î-jSg/ /BTiH/a ;Bi_<sgjG(2?ir).
(ii)
G)eiisrf';B(rtl(5'T!r(K unj-S-
verb suitably.
Glair
(olsiiTP;B/Tll<SB/T(rfB/<S6 S>p\3s,^-
Glsusif/BTila(56(T!rm/ffi unrsfo
QsueiPpiniQasiriîiia (o)fr@-
(iii) îreir ueba<a)eoaa{p<x<s$)Gei}
GfiuSleo u(r/r<B(gG(D60T.
Substitute
sBsbsW'PuJ'Geo
CsuQso ufr(Ta@GjD6Br.
^LfsfoGfiO
usTreiPaavi^gjGffl)
u/T(ra(gGp65r.
Ibirm usksfPaan-i^^Qeo GeuQeo
u/rfra@G{D6Br.
^BiTsir îSeivQeo GeuQso uirHs
(gGfDsir.
f. Transformation drill.
<St2?c!5-
GlsusTp;B'rLLAa(r(rrEj jSi^jp Qsuorf jBfrilSaair^nsia sreirsisr
Lesson 51 / 435
EXERCISES
below.
Model: ^Bfrsir + Geo QeuQeounn&^Gpesr.
(university)
/girssr Lifib<xQgt)dsdS{pdijS^Geo GeuQeo
Uff(f@G(D65T. . .
(i) /B(T6ST GuijnSS'ujifn A^Gipm. (work)
(ii) (olsu6rP/D(rLla/7!rm/a îBy^-- aigcjymia. (learn)
(iii) /BfrmiiSB <au?{p (olinn-f^Gliua aigGtirjti). (teach)
(iv) êuiiia epaT) î^lfi uisf.a(Q(njiiia. (year)
(v) aj(56v%a + ^Geo Gîie^ jti^^Giirjih. (at the end)
(vi) finiiia G^neij.... ' Giir}ih. (conduct)
(vii) eTebeO!T(rf)ih (oy/Ejas. (pass)
h. Change these sentences to the future.
(i) /BfreJr Guir/r.^fPuJir/r GeuQeo unHA^Gpeit.
(ii) QeueiîbiTL-CSAaiTijmim <si6'(p uiq.a^(tt}ma.
(iii) ibirriia ûS'jp Qinir^Qiua api3A^Gitt}ii>.
(iv) ^s^svifEja jBsbeuiTjS ^t^{p Guar(27/5/.
(v) cS)JB}S!SG^(T6ijG60 eifibsoiT^m uneioufssrâtfrnis.
i. Change these sentences to the negative.
(i) (B/resT jStf'jpiJ Gujrrr^fPujjr/r GsuGleo u/r/TiS^GpeiT.
(ii) ibrriils îBy^Qioin^QiuA apiSA^Gtirjih.
(iii) ^6U/EJ jiebeoiT eT(Lg>^(njriia.
(iv) 6)j((5Si^<SB G1L_.#II5'G6U G^Heij rbi^^GaQih.
j. Fill in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated forms (past) of the
verbs given in parentheses.
(i) ffiirek usbaGlscasasyja^gjGa) (GeuQeo u/r)
(ii) iniremeuiiis, îB\fi ( M^ - )
(iii) f,nmi& îBipQictrri^Qius (api3)
(iv) êuiiia îBifiGso fiebeorr (^(^&)
(v) êuiiia îSipGeo rhebeoiru (Gu^)
(vi) [brtiiia 6^(5 GfiiTffq (rbi^^)
(vii) ^GjbamrT eTebeoiT(tT)Lh (uirerouem^)
k. Change the given nouns into the locative and add at the left to the verb
in the sentences given below.
(i) usoaQeoAa\fisih : jbuesr QsvQeo unirAf^QpeiT.
(i) 0mia eriiiQai CSeuQeo uirnfA(^fSrsja ?
(ii) ffffiia ermmeuiT GsuGlso ufrira^/iJfBia ?
(iii) si_(5id5an.L_ <ol6USTp/BffLL(5aaT(rmi îSy) uiq-SiârjmiserTiT ?
(iv) jSfiiaîh îBip Uf-uen-Gmir uu^3i(g,rSmi6isiTiT ?
(v) a-fBJd5(|T5d6(g ujn-(ffj û^fp QuD/Ty?Q(u apLÂi^^rrfiiis ?
(vi) ^liia ffTUiUL).^ û?jpG6t3 ern^^rffiiia ?
(vii) a_/EJffl sU(guL(Gso G^rrsi/ ffii^îiijmisefTiT ?
(ii) GjSTSi/ ; STeosoiT(r^Lb uiT<sk>usm^ti(rr}iii{h.
(iii) aQt_.# : (cniiis GjS/fsiy [bu.^^Q(njij>,
(iv) aabaw' P =S/J(5 Ljii).6B(g,(27(5.
1. Give the plural form of these words.
(i) Uirremeum =
(ii) QeiierPrbiTiLQAarTijeiT =
(iii) LDfTSssrsiS' =
(iv) ^^fPujsJr =
VOCABULARY
uebsQeoAsâih 'university'
^sîf 'except/other
G6u(olsULj/r(5
(olsvjGrPfBirtl*-
'work'
than'
(ol#sU(i5 'some people'
uiij. 'learn'
sQi-<fii9Geo 'at the end'
iq-uSTrGtrj/r
GjSirei/
afTfrrejiSB 'foreigners'
'diploma'
'teach'
'examination,
test'
uiTSTDusairgg)/
'conduct'
'pass (the
examination)'
c9;G/Binfr 'almost'
Lesson 51 / 437
GRAMMAR
13.51.151. In addition to denote tense, the present and future tense markers
are used to express habit too. The linite verbs are called 'habitual' verbs.
They are dealt with in detail in lessons 51 and 52.
In this lesson, we are primarily concerned with the use of present tense marker
to express habit. Example :
13. 51. 151. lo/rsTOTsiifE/a û^yi uij.@(2?fEjffi.
Sandhi: tflgjGlir + usbasGlsDaafpayjisii) > u^^Qiju ueo&QeoAsyiaih
tS/iDjB + G^neq -4 G^Heij (Refer S.4 in 1.2)
QîPtLjth + (Ei QjSiPiL/fBia (Refer S.l in 1.1)
UNIT 13
LESSON 52
MORNING DUTIES
DIALOGUE
euirA^rm GuiTsiSiiiaemr ?
ffi^^îh : K^tû.-.-jbirsir & IT Q 60-
uSGeo cS/tgaiQ/rLosaBPa^
6T(LpfB^(5L/CSu sir.
ÛLffOih ueb Qeusrrm
@ G eu 65r. (ol <95 ff ^ a=
G^jrii) /BiuGusBT.
Q IJ LD SSTP <S (3 ST nai <35
si?il(5u u rr 6b a IJ 65T
6U(i56ii/r6ST. a_ L_ G ojrr
atDsOd sT6(5rffi@ aiTL?
^(jfeUff. c^Glâ @tij.ij-
Do you go for walking early in the
morning ?
Yes... I get up at five thirty in the
morning. Then, (I) brush (my) teeth.
(I) walk for a while. Our milkman
comes at six thirty. Kamala gives me
coffee immediately. (I) drink that.
The paper boy comes at seven
o' clock. (I) read newspaper for a
while. (I) take bath at nine o' clock.
At nine thirty, (I) eat tiffin... At
nine forty five (I) start for college.
Lesson .12 / .139
QuesT, sj (Lp in 6ssP A
Guuufr&aiTijau eu (15-
G u LJ LJ fr uiq.uQussT.
lb u LDsmP siÂ
(gsTPuGusir. epihupQij
LDSSHPAQ lq.USST a=frLJL?(S>
Geueir.... ep ih u G ^
iPAfû L;n3L/uG6D5r.
avG/j-61^ ; ; f m/66 CTSSTSBT G U U U fr
uirj-iSig/iffSias ?
ffr^îîh : Guuui T uirf-s-
@G/D6BT.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
13. 52. 152.
What news paper do you read ?
(I) read 'The Hindu'
ibiTssT arrQ.eoaS'Gso s7(Lg:fi^Q)uGueii.
urrebairrrsin ^tpQijiDemPAi^ suffjoj/rcir.
b. Buil d up dri l l
(i) /BffffJT /r(o)oui'G6U eifipib^-
iQuGusm.
SI (i^^^rir)uGum
a^nGleouSGeo
(ii) uneoamjehr îpQijiDes!s?&(g}
(iii) LD6i)/T faTfa-naâ aiif 1.? .
3,{ff)SUtJ
ST6ara.(g,
GLJ65T.
ST(-Lp;B^C5LJGu6ST
ftffGlsuai'Gsu &T(if);B^(5uGu657
Gueir.
u/rsbaffirssr .::^pGl{ri6irif ^
sudjeu/Tsir.
c^/D(oltrLi6!(!rPia@ 61/(561)17sir
Wt561l(rS0 T.
aiX)6i)/T 6i6in'i35(g aiTi.'t' -ôrjeun.
35ITI. 9 ja(;)j6i/((
(iv) fin&n s^LDug/LDSsiPiS(g
(gsTpiJGusJr.
@6lpLJGl_/S5T
fBTsir
c. Expansion drill
(i) ffinesT eT(Lgifi^(rT)uQusiT.
^ ( S J ^ Q T ' LDemPA(^ ^(iPfi^d!)-
asfrQeuiLfGeo (tp ; B ^ u-
GL/SOT.
(ii) 66LD6D/ T jS^sun-.
(iii) iBfTSJr uuj-L/Gussr.
Qsm^^GrbijLb uuf-uQueir
anG\eou3Geo uuûGueir.
(iv) /BfreJr Lj33LJuGsi/63r.
dsstigwPaigLJ (_/33iJu(5G6us5T
6pLbLjG<a(ip<ai35fTgjj<a@LJ L/{OLJ-
LjGeue5r
dB/r.QsouJ'Gso L/33LJU GSIJ6BT
(gsTpLJGusJr.,
(gerPuGufflJT
spLDUgjtDSMf a@(gT fi JGu6sr
jbnesr epLbuîne!stsPA(Â
(gcrPuGueJT.
/BJTsir 6T(ip(B^(f5lJGLJ6aT.
jbireir î^s^QijinesaPAi^ 6T(Lp;B<S-
(TjLJGusJr.
JBT6BT airQeouSGeo cSfig^Gl?
U)6MP@ ST(ipjBj(5LJGue5T.
U36U/T
a5LD6U/ T aSffL? ^(fJSU/T.
<5U)6D(r a_l_G65r GT6ircS(g<5 65(1 L?
;B/r63T LJir)_iJGu65r.
jbireir Guuuir uiq.uGueir.
jbireir Qairi^^'Gjbi^nii Guuuir
uuûGueir.
jbireir airQeou^Geo Qairt^ffGjbijih
GuLJufi uiif.LJGLJS5r.
jbireir iîDuuQGeijeir.
jbireir &eb^ iPa(û LfpuuQGeueir.
ibir&ir g)tnuG<S(ip<s<afrg2j(g<s
<366i)g?VTfP@tJ LfiDuuiSGeueir.
jbireir aitQeou3Geo epihuG^
l_/(DU LJ(5G6U6ffr.
(i) Q : 0iEiA ^âirQeou3Geo euirASisi Guireîaaetrir, erorrir ?
A : c^tn/T.
(ii) Q : /ffi5/<a STSSTSIT Guuuir uuÂ(^rffmim ?
A- '^fi^'Guuun uuÂ^Gjoeir. ' '
Lesson 52 / 441
(i) jbiTssT sirQeouSQeo srîp^^Q-
uCJueir.
verb suitably.
@STP
&pi3
(ii) /B/reir upCsuf^Geum.
verb suitably.
ffiryL?
eurr
Gun
(iii) /BT65r 6T(Lp;Bj5tJ(pU65r.
verb accordingly.
$
(iv) ;^(Bi<g5 ^^snQsouSGeo
GuneSiiisenn ?
Substitute
LD/rGlsuui'GsD
(T/r^j^.f
f. Transformarion diill,
(i) ;B/rsiJT fr'?6Uu5'G60fiT(y;);B!^-
(gjjGLJSJT.
L/Gussr,
/Bfreir aBirSlsoiif'GfiD / B L -L JGU S JT .
^ffCBT /r(o)60ui'G60 L/lX).LJGU65r.
JBf TOTT 65(rlSl60uJ'GsO @6TflJGtJ6Br.
/BfTsir a/rGlfiOui'Geu apiSuGum.
jbiresT airQeouSGeo GeuQeo uiriTU-
Gueir.
/BfreJr q(DiJu(5G6i/6Br.
/Bfreir a=friJL?(5G6U6Jr. /
jB/resT eu(!f,GeiieiT.
^frcjr jSdjGeuesr.
/BiTsir GuirGsueJT. ...
fBTSSr 6t(lp/Bj(5tjGu63T.
jBiTiiia 6T(tp/B<S((5uGu(rL).
îriD eT(tfi(BjuGu/TLb.
if eT(LprB^(!5iJGLJ.
;f (Bias eT(Lp^^(!f)UL5riia.
^SiJSBT 6T(ip/B<(5lJLJfr6Jr.
,^6U 6T(LprB^(5tJLJfr.
tSieiJ(!T) 6T(ip/B^(5iJu(r(5.
^sufB/a ST(y)/B^(f5uufrni/a.
(fmia cSiâffQeoiii'Gso Gurreiîii-
aexTij ?
jSiiiai sirQeou^Geo GuiTe'SiAiaieniT ?
/f(Bja w^îuiranib GuneiSriiaienn ?
/fffBJft mfrGloUii?Get) GLj/TGiffsjastr/r ?
/f(i/a (7ff^^ff GuJisnS'/BjaeiTfr ?
GLJSST.
/B/rsoT G L J U U T uLf-uGusir.
(BTssr spihu^ LDSMf a@65
^crfuGueir.
GusJr.
(ii) U(r6l3rr/rsar ^(DGItrtpssiPa
su^sufTsir.
Gsussr.
Gsusir.
Gu(Tsu(r(5.
EXERCISES
g. Fill in the blanks using the cues given in p.irenthe3es as in the model given
below.
Model : /BiTsir &iTQeou3Q60 uGusir. (get up)
iBffsjr snQsoa3G60 erfipfi^dûGueir,
(i) c5/ijq33tn, usb Gsiisar. (brush)
(ii) Q6B/r(J5*GfB!rm tJGusffr. (walk)
(iii) spihu^QijwessPa(Q <fn-tJL?(5Gsu6Jr. (tiffin)
h. Change these sentences to the present.
(i) (B/T60T arrQeouSGeo sTfigfi^îûGum.
(ii) ; B( 6W s.irQeoaS'Geo uA> QeuenAi^Gsum.
(iii) aweou srssraâ &m3 ^(ijeiifr.
(iv) rbiTsir spihu^ uDssaf (gerPtJGusw.
(v) s^LDLj^Gl/j iDSBsTAig U).u6ST <3=friJtj'(5Gsijsir.
i. Change these sentences to the negative,
(i) jB/rssr stjQeou^Geo eT(ip!p0(ff)uGuiir.
(ii) /Bisir usb OojenAi^Geueir.
(iii) fBfTsaT fBL-LJGueir.
(iv) .^nc^riLosssfsfgiU uirebainijesT eiiQjSunesr.
(v) ^frsBT s^LcugjicfiasPAî (gstPuGLJsw.
(vi) AinsD/f sT6i5riS(aij a/7i.9 ^.(ijsiii/?.
fB/rsiJT Qarr(â^ GiBfTixi fBi_66@G/DS5r.
iBTsJr GuLJuif uu).a6(gG(DaJr.
iBfresr epthu^ insMfaâ (g6rP<i(g-
Gp6Jr.
;BT65r êufHjaiSTjaîB (r)L?a(g-
Gnjsiir.
6U(n7S5r.
iBfrsJr aebî?'S(g,u L/jDiJu(5GrD6sr.
cSjLJL/fDiii usb (o)si/6Tra@GfD68r.
c9/6i/(f5 (BirGlsuaSGsu sviT.s.fii'Bj
Gu/r(f)7(5.
Lesson 52 / 443
j . F i l l in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated forms (past) of the
(i) ibireir atrQeouS'QfX) f^CtP/B^ )
(ii) ÛLfpih, ueo (QeuerrA^)
(iii) /BTSffT QaiTisjffGjB^LD (Sî)
(iv) ersiia 6i f t l u unebaiTijem- (SUIT)
(v) epihu^ inemP&igfA
(vi) Sj)LbuG^(ipaB/7g2j@ffi ast i gW' f' aû (q/DUU)
k. Change the given nouns into the dative and add at the left to the verb
(i) cSffgffQiTLDssfff' ; Ibireir eT(ip^^(iûQueir.
(ii) asbgwfP piret eprbuG^ (tpaan-gj/ffiû L;3)LJLjG6iJ6(Jr.
(iii) ; GuuufrAaiTijeiT eu^suirsffr.
(iv) itiresT : ameoir ^(jsurr.
Xi)fiii.s^^&irQ60u3GeoeurrsSiiiGuireiSiiiserTir?
(ii) jfmj mnQeou3Geo er^^Qasr L D CWP S eT(i^^^(if)UiSihim ?
(iii) 6T^js(ol6!inD65!iP@ s^mjds 6^L - u u/T6b/r!Tsir su^sij/rsir ?
(iv) mirQeou3Geo ^liim an-L? @ii).uL?misTrfr ?
(v) jpiiia 9irQeou3Geo ersiresr Guuuir uuâ^rffrLa ?
(vi) ^liia iDirQeouS'Geo syeiresr QffiueTSiiia ?
(vii) ifiT^îP QiBfrtajffG/Birii) ;Di_iJiJf(5J<s66Trff ?
V O C A B U L A R Y
6U(T<SB.*iEi ' walking' erîpfiî!^ 'get up'
U6t) 'tooth' QeuerraQ, 'brush, as teeth'
GLJLJu/r<sn-!r6Jr 'paper boy' QSTP 'take bath'
Q R A MMA R
13.52.152. As it is remarked in the previous lesson, besides their use to
denote future time the future tense markers -s i / -, ~u-, -ut j - and -ih are
used to express habit as well. Example :
13 . 52. 152. jbireir aiTQeou3Geo sic^Lf^^^cûGueir.
uireb&irijeir c^/DGItriDSJuf ft si/^jsu/resr,
Ibireir epihu^LDessPan^'i (gsrPiJGusBr.
Sandhi : eresia^ + arriL? erresrAâ &irL9 (^(iîr).
epibu^ LDsssPA^ + êiPuGueh epibUj^LDessPAÂ
erP uGuesr.
asi)Qj/rfP<a(B5 + i-i!OuuGe>i6iiT aecs^'niPAiû L(jr3LJu Gs)jSi5r.
(Refer S. 18 in 2.M)
UNIT 14
LESSON 53
A R E A L L T H E EX A MI N A T I O N S O V ER ?
D I A L O GU E
yiiT^^ : amCSeoiT. OrGiêi^! uifiLQs^
6T6bo/rii) (iptq.(ff5ff<sT ?
aen IT .... ? Gl lo T js fib
^fljfflcoujir ?
0(r a % : ÂiQeoiiis. QmrrÂi
GtrfQ Q(oli_<BdB/rg/....
fiff^s'iLiiniT Q ir> IT ^ 60
6ij(gijq (o)<S5Qi_igii....
Hallo, Suresh! Are all the examina-
tions over ?
Yes, sir.
bi d (you) write wel l . . . ? (you) may
get first rank, mayn't you ?
N o, sir. (I) won't get first tank..; ^
Certainly, (I) wil l get first class
Narasaiah may get first rank. H e
wrote all the examinations very welh
Lesson 53 j 44S
Gjrrao Q&QL-aaeoiTib.
Ofin^^ : êu(rf,ib S ssP si/ @
arGjrsi^ : e^^QeuQetr su jr so /r tb.
sresrSiLQi , cS/ su (5
spsBBT^yti) (olffffsusuGlso.
^ff^jS? : aFrP, /Bfrtfi QaTtajffG/BtrLb
euiirjijfT, undAaeoirih.
aGi rsi ^ ; GsuGlsrr c9/ 6U(5
Gfiijn^ C GU JL 1L _( 5 @U
Gufraso/TLD. jb IT (tp ih
^GiuCi(]T,a(Qu Gu/ r -
sOfrGto ?
Is he also coming for cinema ?
Perhaps he may come. He did not
say anything to me.
Al right , let us wait for sometime.
Let (us) see whether he comes (for
the movie).
Sometimes, he may go to the theatre
straight. (I think) we may also go
to the theatre.
(ipn^^ : aîP. ^ G lu iL IL_ (5 AG a Al right . Let (us) go to the theatre.
GuffGsuiTLb.
DRILLS
a. Variation dri l l
14. 53,. 153. /BjTa=uJujfrsi/<S(g OtD/r^sb Giîii^ QsQtA&eomh.
. {bijffuJajtT ê!sPLDrrsijA(i^ 6Vi;sOiiLbi
c9(su(5 GfiiriT^ jGujLLi_c5(gu Gu/rasoirLb.
(i) /Biraujujfrsi/aig GliDfr^sb
GtrfE/fg Q(oli_<asO(Tii).
QaQiÂaeoiTih
G!rmj(g
QLCIIT^Q^
(ii) fiifs^tuujtx SesPwnsnA(ff!
euijsoiTih.
euijeonih
fiaspLDrreiiAi^
' QsQiAaeonih.
G!f!ii<g, QaGliaaso/ni
/B(ra=uJujfr6i;@ Qu^nêo Gtfmtgf
Glafoliaaeomi}.
fiijff\ijiun -fêisPubiTSLjAig, eui;reomh.
/B!r*uJajrT ^ssPtD/rsi/a^ euêOmh,
(iii) âi r t j GrbrriT^ <S C U JL L -
i _(5@u C5Lj(rffi60 (rii).
c. Expansion drill
(i) jbâûinutreijA^ Gla(oli_a-
aeo/rii).
<oltirr^6bG{rrBj@ Qa(o1i _*^
JaûjLDnrffi Gl aGl L-Aasoi ni
(ii) c9/su(5 GuffasD/Ttii.
G/BiTfru Gu/racDfTti
e^(5Gsu(olsn' Gu/raso/rti)
(iii) ^su((5U> surreotrih.
gjXjGsuGlsrr suirsufrii)
<:9/SU(5 G/BiTTjS ; GujLLl_(5a(gtJ
Gu/ra60 /ni).
Guirasoirii)
fSGujil i_(5<s^Li Gu/ra6D/rii)
G/BtTT^ ^GujLLt _(5a(gu
Gufrasurrii)
<:^6ij(|5 Grbi^rr^ ^GujLl t _(f5@u
Guiraso/rtb.
rB!r<9=uJujn'siâiga (a)aQ{_aaeo/rti>.
(B!r*uJiuiTei/a@ Qii>iT^b G^mj
GlaQiaasonrtb.
Gjjnsi (olaGlLaaapfftb.
^6jj(f5 Gu/raso/iib.
^s u(5 ^Gi ui l (_(5ai (gi j GLHrasfiDirii).
c9(aj0 G/BfrfTjS ^Gi ui l i f ât gi j
GLHraeo/rii)'
c9/6U(5 sp(jr)G&jQ6tT Gffiijrr^
^Guj L l i _(5a(û Guiraso/rii).
c9)Sl/(5U) 6\}lf60!flh.
eurieoitih.
d. Question-Answer dri l l
(i) Q :
ufftlGlff er&Deotnh (tpu^.i^s'^rr 7
A :
(ii) Q : QmiT^S) Gtrmj GlaQL-aason-ii), ^b(olsoujir ?
A :
êoQeomts. Qmir^^ Gîii^ Gla0 i_aHrgj.
(iii) Q :
A : epiiffGevQsrr eutfeoinh.
(iv) Q : fBircyiii ^GtuiLi(iT)AGs Guiraeomoir ?
A : aîP, ^Guj i l i c j aGa Gun-Gsu/rib.
Lesson 53 1 447
e. Substitution dri l l
(i) c9/6U(5 sujrsD/rii).
verb suitably.
QUIT
(olgfrebgpi
(ii) c9/6i;([5 Gu(r60 /ruj.
verb suitably.
&pi3
f. Transformation dri l l
(i) t9/6U(5 61/(56U(7(5.
c9jsu((5 ffT(jpgy6u/r(5.
(ii) .iS/fiu (olff/reJTig) .
c9jsu(5 Ouir(6S)(|5.
,5js*J(5 GuraeO/ni).
^6i i (5 61a=(r6bD60 /rii).
c9i6ii0 jsiraj/rii).
s9; 6U(5 fffruti'i-fiOirLb.
^s i i ( g Cun-aeo/rti).
c9/U(!5 unniaeonih.
5/6u <o)#/r6b3u/rii).
^6)j(5 a/r<S}(560 fru).
t9<6ij(!5 QffneoeoQeo.
uifLLQff (tpuf-iuQeo.
êv(rf) QuirsQso.
cSX'SU 65(r^^(5as6BSl6D.
cSjsuffi urrirA&Qeo.
EXERCISPS
g. F i l l in the blanks using the cues given in parentheses as in the model given
below.
Model : uiftLQa^ sreoeonih (îF^rr ? (be over)
(i) jj!r#ujUJ(Ttfl/iS QuiiTêO (olaQLaasUf/ LD. (rank)
(ii) fiitm 4.6S@LJ GuirasOfTLb. (theatre)
4481 An Intensive Ceurse in Tamil
h. F i l l in the blanks using the appropriate future subjunctive form of the
(i) 6T6ifr<B@ (o1iiT<a6b GjrfBi (Q&Qi)
(ii) cSfsu spdjGsulolsTr fiesPiriiTeijA^ (eun)
(iii) tS/6U(5 QjbijiT^ ^GujLLi_(f5a@LJ (QUIT)
(iv) tS/su epa^QeuQerr SesPmn (u/Tfj)
Example : ojjeoiru) eun + Fut. subjunctive.
(i) Ljuj. + Fut. subjunctive ;
(ii) ffT(ipg/ + Fut. subjunctive:
(iii) s,pi3 + Fut. subjunctive :
(iv) ffisb + Fut. subjunctive :
(v) Q&nQ + Fut. subjunctive ;
(vi) uiT(5 + Fut. subjunctive :
(vii) + Fut. subjunctive :
j . F i l l in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated forms (past) of the
(i) u(filG)3= ereoeonih (QP'^)
(ii) QiBiTÂ) G(r/Bj(g (QaQi-.)
(iii) cS/6iJ(5 êiPtn/rs^ffi (euir)
(iv) 6T6STJL1(O)L_ ^ S U ((o)<9F/r6bg2y)
(v) firtw Q/r(ga= G/BiTiri (siT^^(rf))
(vi) ^fflLj(5 GjBtTT^ i GujL.i _(5@t J (QUIT)
k. Change these sentences to the future subjunctive.
(i) =S)SU(5 ui?iLQ3= 6T(pg/6U(r(5.
(ii) /DtTffuJujn' epfj^GeuQerr ^ssfmfrsv/cssig U(5u/r(/5,
(iii) ;B!r*uJiiJn'si/iS Gltnirêb G(r/E/@ (olaB(olL_a@Lb.
(iv) ^su({5 GjBiriT^ j Guj i l i _(5@u Gu/rsurr .. ^
1. Change the given nouns into the dative and add at the left to the verb
i n the sentences given below.
(i) ^ssPinir : ^6i i (5i i ) euîrjijiT ?
(ii) fiiâ'iuiuiT : Qutrrêb G(rfB7(g Q&QLÂaeoirih.
(iii) ^Gt ui l i ff : cS/su G/B!r/ru Guiraeoirih.
(iv) t ^s u : Girrejo GlaGliaan-g; .
m. Change these sentences to the negative. '
(i) U(?LLG1<5F 6T6i560 /riL (tpuj-gpag/.
(ii) cêu jBsbeOfr ^( i p g; .
Lesson 53 / 449
(iv) (BtTiiia aiT^^(rf,p)(Sîiih.
(v) Q^!fn^ ^GtuiLifiÂû Guntâ^.
n. Answer these questions. '
(i) a_mi<sB uf P i l Q* erebeonih Qfii^.â=^n ?
(ii) a_(5iigr5(g<s ^l i i f p t:).iJ6n-<3LOTsijGso OiD/rjSsb 6 U @ U L /
(iii) S2_mj(gi[5a(gjS jsu^tp aj-usTrGuDTsi^Geo Qtnn-jseb S U ^ U L /
(iv) ffl^(Bi66 /BiraTU(5ti3 uffiLQa^ eTQ^î^^îr ?
(v) ^mjas /BfrGlsrragj gjcjGsiiGlsYr rf'ssPtcrreâoiJ Gu/raeo/rix),
^SlXolsOUJT ?
(vi) 2i_mj inGlemrsiS' erskesT uiq.aîrr}iiia ?
VOCABULARY ,
ufPil(o1a= 'examination, (jpu). 'be finisiied over'
test'
G^mj 'ranis' (olicTjSsbfiu^LJq 'first class'
gj^GeuQerr 'sometimes, GjbijiT 'straight'
perhaps'
<SGiUL.i_/f 'theatre'
GRAMMAR
14.53.153. In T ami l , the future subjunctive is expressed by suffixing -eoirih
to the infinitive form of a verb. Example :
14. 53. 153. /B!rffuJujfr6i^(g Qinirêb G/JTBJO QsQtâaeonib.
c9; 6i/(5 Gfiifir^ jGujLli_(5(gLj Guiraeomb.
Note that these subjunctives are identical in form wi t h the permissive impera-
tives (Refer 4.24.86). But they are functionally different. Mention may be
made about the chief characteristics of the future subjunctive in comparison
wi t h the permissive imperatives to understand the functional difference bet-
ween them.
First of all, a few verbs do not have the function of permissive imperatives.
For example * jBiresr ^^ffuS'AasCiiiuiiT ? ' May I surprise ?' * /B/resr ^Qwir-
peOfTLorr ? May I totter ?' etc., are ungrammatical sentences. Whereas, fiijeir
.^^s'uS'aaeciTih 'I may surprise', /BTSST ^Quîrpeoirih, 'I may totter' etc, are
grammatical sentences. This shows that almost all the verbs can hai'e the
function of subjunctive unlike permissive imperatives.
45Q I An Intensive Course in Tamil
Secondly, the future subjunctive may be immediately followed by its corres-
ponding negative sentence. Example : îj^tuiutt saijeonih; euijnm @(565-
eOiTUi 'Narasaiah may or may not come' (Refer 14.54.154). T he permissive
imperatives do not have corresponding negative form as mentioned above
although the formation of affirmative is identical with the latter.
Sandhi : Qairiâîh + Gfitîh ^ Qmrriâ^ CjBirtb (Refer S. 2 i n 1.1)
(Guirseonih. Refer S. 21 in 3.20 )
UNIT 14
LESSON 54
W H E N IS S U N D A R A M C O MI N G F R O M MA D R A S ?
DIALOGUE
^rraûjiurr : arGtrsif, Gu[r/7-<#ff'uj(5
srGjreq. : ^rS/GjBaston- ^Q^înrra^Lb
evijeoiriii.... Q-FSOGSUGIOT
Suresh, When is Professor (Sunda-
ram) coming from Madras ?
Most probably he may come on
twentysixth of next month-... Some-
times he may not come on twenty-
sixth also.
Why do (you) say so ?
cS/suGljr/rGi fieirmihuirr
65)UUJg)J<S@(S <95 61? lU (T-
lIlgy/B/rtSTJ ^ fB/ G 65 u5 -
Cfli/BSJ Hft3LJU(561J(T(5.
jb'js'luujir : Quirem^ iu/r(5 ?
a-Gjrc)^ ; 6TfflfT<B@^ O^fPujfTg; ....
^(if)U^^ 6ji ih u ^ tr iL
jBiT'SûJujiT : cîciT.... jr ui" sb G 60
si/ffjsurrjT/r, usruGso 617(5-
eonib.
G<s^ 6u@i jq 6T u -
a-GjTsi^ ; ep^QeuQerr er QA air m
^(f jaasU T i i . sj esr (Sj),
^6Bin-(ol6S9riS|g stOL-ffoVJ
iiLuf.mi ^ ( i 5 @ t i . . .
r765r, ; f mjffi eiff sij G 6U
Gu(T3?mjsTr(T ?
^[Tffuliujfr : ^6b(olso7âLbu3/r Ga t l -
Gi_6sr.
Hi s yoiinger aunt's son's Weddi ng is
on twentyseventh. So he wi l l go to
Mayuram. Next day he wi l l leave
Mayuram.
Who is the bride ?
I do not know... (I think that) the
college reopens on twentyninth ?
Yes- - W i l l (he) come by train or
bus?
Most probably, (he) may come by
bus.
W i l l he take (his) class on twenty-
ninth ?
Sometimes he may not take (his
class) because there wi l l be a staff
meeting on that day. Why , are you
going on leave ?
N o, (I) just asked.
DRILLS
a. Variation dri l l
14. 54. 154. c9jeu(!5 usfoGeo su^fiOmi).
^6i J(5 uefoGfiO siiiTiru) ^Âaeoirih,
^6U (5 s ui guq 6T(g>ffl(ru) ^(rÂamirih.
r^6U(!Â(^ Qrbijih ^(fjaasofrii).
^6U (5a@ CSrtrnh êbeoirm^(âaso/ri i i .
b. Bui l d up dri l l
(i) c9/su(5 ueivGeo euiêoirii).
euireoirth
uaoGeo
(ii) ^s u( 5 eu^thL) erQmaeonih.
ffT <B6BeO(rL
(iii) ^ e u euQULf erQaaifLD
^(jaaso/ru) .
@(5656D(rLb
6T(5><B6B/IU>
6U@Liq
(iv) ,5/61/(5 eu^TiDîb
eujr/ru]g2iii>
c. Expansion dri l l
(i) c9j6i/(5 eiyjrfiUfrtfj.
U6fuCS6D euêonih
6p(iffGeuQerT euêonib
(li) .51/61/(5 6i/(r6D/rix)-
!rtt?sb( 6D eujrso/Tiij
9/Cc/EEU)rr ojêoiTih
(iii) ,^61/(5 fiufrn-ingaic ^( 5 - '
aeorrdb.
9(5(j6u(olefr fflujf n-iD82ju>
eUTu>
Lesson 54 / -^55
^611(5 ueioGeo suifeoirih.
ueivGeo suêo/rin
c9/6U(5'JcfoGeo 6U!r60 (rii3.
c9/6U(5 6U@lJq 6T(5c560 fftb.
ffT(aB60 ffU)
61/(gtJL/ 6T<S<5660 /rLb
^6U (5 6u@iJL/ sT(5a<s5SO(rio.
c9/su(5 6i /@uq 6T(5a/riD ^(5<SBCS5-
sD/rti).
eTQasniL ^(5son-i i )
cS/61J(5 GU@UL/ 6T <SE(nD
^(5a60 (Ti).
c9/6)j(5 6U!rfrijD82/m ^(5<S(KS0 (rix).
@(5<a60 fri2)
6i/!r/rtDg2iii) ^(5ffi60 /rin
^611(5 6U7fru)g2/m ^(5<sa60 Ttb.
cS/6i/(5 sii/rsufrii).
c9/6U(5 ueroGco eujreOfrii.
^/6i/(5 g)(5Csi/Q6n- L/sfuCci?
si/jrfiO/rii.
^6U (5 SU^-SOTU).
c9/6U(5 (TuiiebGeo si/trso/riii.
e9i6U(5 rSjG/SiBinT ifuSAiGeo
eufreOTLD.
^61/(5 su(rn-tD@2/tb ^(5<sBa60 /Tii).
^611(5 ^û^^^^^îh Oj8j^
e9/6ll(5 9(5Gsi/QsiT @(5U}S; !-
^ ( j y i i 6ii[r/ru)a2jib ^ ( 5 -
isseofrib.
(i) Q : (SuijiTîPiU(rT) Qa^sirQssTuS'QeouS^dTfP^^ s r uu sucny ?
euifeonih.
A : înir.
(iii) Q : i;u3sbGeo 6U(iêviTfrti, ueivGeo euarfSuiTifiT ?
A : ^Gffiminit ueivGeo eiiijecinth.
(iv) Q : ^(fju^jSgji hu^nî i 6u@iJt-j eiQuunifn ?
(v) Q : jff(Bj eSe^Qeo Gurrpîiiaerrir ?
(i) cS/su î SfSl rjT *" ! ^s u(5 c9J^îX)(r6Fiii euijieorrih.
euireoiTih.
Substitute
(ii) Q :
^sBJr QessT a@
a/rGlsoui'Gfl)
LDira=ii> eujreomi).
Substitute
c9/6ii iSffQsoui'Geo ei/jreUKni.
(ii)
cutrso/TLi).
QaêoGevQerr
cujrcofTLb.
c9i6U(5 GlfffioGsvjGlerr ^^Zîfi'r^Lb
6D(r60 /rLb.
(iii) ^Gi i ii[r60 iTtb.
verb suitably.
Cui r
ST
t sfsu GuiraeoiTii).
êu(5 Gaaaeu/TU).
(iv) ^frsjr orihwiT (3ail(Bt_6aT.
verb accordingly.
$
&
i. Transformation dri l l
(i) 5*/su(5 QaêoQeuQefT eutjeonih.
^fflj 6U(StJL/ 6T(56DfrU).
<^D(15 SuS'fp UL}.<B60 frLb.
asL-SJr sun'ns/asofr/ii.
Lesson 54 / ^Jj
jBirsir Srihinn QmiLQiasr.
IBrriiis aniiLDfr GLlGi_frtr).
(BTtT) W-tjQlDjr GLLGl_/rLD.
ariiioir G t l Gi _.
fffmja gviijLDfr Gatlia-m/ffi.
^611657 ancinrr GatLiirsBr.
^fflj m-thiniT QsuLiir.
^sufu cfttbuiT GLli_/r(j5.
<5rU)LD(r Gat l i g/ .
t ^SU jSt^fp LJlr).(5iS5/Tir) ^([f)A-
aeoiTih.
.^6U(5 <S5(_6iJr euirmisiTLD ^(QA-
aeoiTih.
EXERCISES
below.
Model : û^j S er yi f r u) G^jf i + 2 L _ @
6)9ujn-s5!iTU). (son)
^(PFfU^^sjjfirnh G^j S eiDUUjg}i<95(^65 ae&ujirannih,
(i) ^LJjSi ^sjyi /rt i Gj S ^ s mui ugj / aâ .ssiS'iuirsBsru).
(mother's younger sister)
(ii) ^(!f,u^êjy>inh G^j S (marriage)
(iii) uj(r(5 ? (bride)
h. F i l l in the blanks using the appropriate future subjunctive form of the
(i) ^ s u ^G/BaiDfT ueioQeo (UTJ
(ii) ^(3U^êpihuîTih GjgjS aAiî? ((olfSflj)
(iii) c9/6U(5 gxfjGsuGlsrr ((Sliyfrsbgjj)
(iv) ^6VJ(5 6ij@tjq (ffT)
(v) t9/6!iT(S1iwr<B@ Gifijriii ( )
4561 An Intensi'.'e Course in Tamil
i . F i l l in the blanks using the appropriate negative future subjunctive form
of the verb given in parentheses.
(i) =9/su(5(g ^6WTQema(^ Qibrri^ (^&)
(ii) csysu 6u@tjq ( ^ )
(iii) êu(if) SfKiffQeuQen (Qs'tred^)
(iv) û^j ggj L buî T L b aebîP (Q^p)
(v) c9/6U(5 ^CSrbaLDiT uervGso (SUIT)-
j . Wri t e the word represented by the formula.
Example : gii(reuirii} enrr + Fut. subjunctive.
(i) <ol<ajD + Fut. subjunctive :
(ii) 6T + Fut. subjunctive:
(iii) + Fut. subjunctive :
(iv) Qff/T6bg2J + Fut. subjunctive :
(v) GuiT + Fut. subjunctive ;
(vi) Gai][5+ Fut. subjunctive ;
k. F i l l in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated forms (past) of the
(i) êutiia ^(rr,u^êpihuînh (QSS(D)
(ii) cS>/6U(5 su@i jq ( S T )
(iii) cS/6i/(5 usfoGeo (sufrj
(iv) jB/resr anLixiiT {Ga<f^)
(i) @fB^ cuf/jsi^tb ffT^^(OT)Lb G^j ^ a_mj ueheâsiuih
(ii) /ffmjffi es)LCigf(rf,A^ (riiffibGeo evfiîiiaerrir ? uekiGeo
sup^tiiaenir ?
(iii) /BTGIOTCB a_mj cî ' i P uj 6U @L ; L / eT(5tJufr!r/r ?
(iv) iffmi CT^jSigBjii 6u@UL( ii(rai!n-6u/Eia5igif5@ (i)LS'(g(i?(Ejffi ?
(v) êmQemA^ a_m/ ^^f P uj 6U(gL.>L( erâa/ru)
âas or r u) , ^sbQeuujff ?
(vi) jffmja ^j S j S iDirffii eSe^jGeo Gunrffmiasnir ?
(vii) G/B-Sg/ a_miffi ^ ^ ( P u j ^ J i l Q i - a Gaefrsi? Gatliffi-m/aerr/r ?
VOCABULARY
cS/G/BiDfr 'probably' QsêoGeuQetr 'sometimes'
êsremiLLDiT 'mother's younger sMuujsir 'son'
sister, aunt'
ae&iuiTsmih 'marriage' in^fiir^ 'next day'
Qunem^ ' bride' srOiiTaoU 'staff'
LSiLu^rii 'meeting' eSei} 'leave'
ffrihuifT ' simply, just'
Lesson 54 / 457
GRAMMAR
14.54-154. The negative future subjunctive is formed by adding the negative
marker-^t n to the verb stems and together they are followed by the finite
verb ^(tTfAaeonih. Example :
14. 54. 154, c9/6ii(5 uehjQeo eurririD ^(fjaaeorrti).
T he suffix -c ^t n is realized as -tîaA) when it is followed by any suffix
beginning in a vowel.
erâanrLD + S-ih > erâaBfrLDgj/ib
evijmD 4- E-L D > sujnrtDgaib
@6b60(rLD + a_ir) > ^sbso/riflgz/ii)
See the following examples.
14. 54. 154. 6u@iJL; ffr(riig2/m âaB'sD/rti).
c9/su(5a@ G/B!rm êbeoirinîh ^âaeonib.
Sandhi : QutrfSiiia +^ Gunrffiiiaennf (Refer S. 19 in 2.14)
UNIT 15
LESSON 55
i W A N T T O L E A R N T A MI L
DIALOGUE
jBTfiJr ^trgQeiv^rTsirGeo-
Vanakkam sir. My name is Baldev-
raj... I am coming from Rajasthan.
I want to learn T ami l . -. Whom
should I meet for admission ?
(gmn-sfUja/r ; GlLD/r^sOfreugj Qmnêo-
êuGijuQi ^ Q ip
QîPiLjLDiT a_f5j<g5isif5ia@ ?
First of all (you) must meet the
Principal. D o you know his room ?
Lesson 55 / 459
ubGjSu(r(r^ ; (oiîPiuaîmia
serriT?
@Lb. cf ^, /ffma aiij.!friD(r
(tpuj-iqib.
GiBtrii IjDTSBSTfiUIEia 6 U @ -
uqGf i u @(5<B6B@[j/u) ?
GiBirti) ^ a a ^ i j b ....
Gl /ruGu/ iLb. ^Q j S
QujsbsOffLO 6T(ip^^)JLb.
iDgy/BffiSTj 6U(guqc5@a
QffiTcaffT s u j r ^m. . . .
eS'e)îuih. 6T6bso/r mrrsssr-
Geo^/reJr <s fa ^ li).
siffl fr eft) i _ sb GluDfffoGsu
^fresr a= fr u L? i _ ^ l i .
0 mi m Qu)fr^6b6U(ol(riJ
U IT (!T) lii a .... =9/ 6U
6T6b60 fr^(ol<Si4ii) Gl * ; r-
6bg2J6UIT(5. ^ ^ ^ tT m
c9/6uG!r/T(o)l_ s5/(oljD.
uebGjSfiuiTfr^ : iFiPmis .... Qijirihu
/B6ffTfI?.
DRILLS
(I) do not know, sir.,
admission easily ?
W i l l I get
a. Variation drill
IS. 55. 155.
(You) wi l l get admission. But, youmust
work hard. Then only you can read
and write a new language well.
For howmany hours the students
have to remain in the classroom ?
They have to remain in the class-
room for about five and a half hours..
(We) wi l l give a lot cf homework.
(You) must write all of thern. Next
day (you) must bring (them) to the
classroom. Another important matter
is that all the students must stay in
the hostel (and) eat in the hostel
mess. Y ou go and meet the Principal.
He wi l l tell you about everything.
That is his rocm.
Al ri ght sir...Thank (you) Very much.
/Bfreir IUITQI;U uniiaaîh 7
finek6i /(guqa@ 6ii[r@5}/u3fT ?
15. 55- 156. c9jtJU(a.sJT(SB)^^fro-5T sp L/gjfoltD/ryJGIuj jtebeoir
eurrÂs (ipiq.tL)ii>.
(i) fitesi jau9{p u^-Aa^Lh.
jbireir
(ii) jEiiia QuDiTêbeiiQixA
Qin/rjSsbsuQjr
(iii) jbireir luirQrru u(T/T<s<E^jjLb ?
jbireir
(iv) /Bfrsffr eU(gUL/(g suir^jitD/r ?
c. Expansion drill
(i) jSiiis 3-^Âs,^)iih.
QumêoireuSfi ^^Âaîth
(ii) jSriis ^liiaa^th.
îreioiebQeo amfflgpiti)
(iii) ; f mjas Qa/rssi r eui;îh.
cufr^yi i i
LDgu^BTigrj Gla/Tsaifr si/jr^yiD
(iv) fimjs a=mJLS>iîih.
evoireiOL-eb QiDiioCSeo ff!TUL9~
jbireir îSjfi uuÂs^)]ih.
uiq.AaesT)iih
îB^p uuf-Aaîiih
jbiraiT îBjfi uisf.A3i^)iib.
0iiis QLDirêbeuQijS' o=ffiÂa^)iih.
3=n,Âaiîih
Gltfi/r^sbsuGliTff eF^Â&^sih
jSiiis, QiniTêbiuQiÂ f^Âaîih.
jbireir luirQiju uirnAa^jiih ?
luirQiru uirirAai^Lh ?
jbireir UJITQIJU ui r/raa^yLb ?
jbireir s u@i Jq@ evir^Loir ?
euijÛLDir ?
eufgfULiA^ euiremiLDir ?
jbireir sii@ui_/a@ euir^)}wiT ?
/BIBJ65 &jb^'OJiS^^lb.
jSiiia QLDiTêbeuQixA-a^^Â&îiLb.
^15)^ QwiTêoirev^ QiDn^sbeuQijA
&îbÂ&iess)jih.
jSmia gMD/rafuiSbCSso ^liiaîb.
îii& Qaj r ew emj^nih.
Glarrsnirr su(r@j]L6.
. f r r i JL J' L . î i ) .
(Bids sj/Ditsfuisi; QiBeioGeo SFHULS-
Lesson 55 / 461
(i) Q : jB/rsJr fbiBy> uiif.aaîh.îLiBe^:âaiT6t lunQifU
A : QiLiT^sorrev^ Qii>rrÂ>euQiâ= s'^âaîh.
(ii) Q - cS/euCjrirQL- QîfiLjinir ?
A : QîPiuiTîiia.
(iii) Q : s r s wa t9jL-t^s^,6Jr aU(gsijnrGl(S1i_<a(g(5iafflfrT ?
(iv) Q : ffT^jsGlesr insroP G^jrtii tD/rfirorsu/Ejas euûq Gs o
(i) jbireir uirHAaîh.
verb accordingly.
euirS
(ii) mj<s ^ns/a^yu).
verb accordingly.
QairemQeuir
SUIT .
ffiruiS'Q
eT(Lp^
(iii) jSiiis isu/T^(ipix).u4U3.
verb accordingly.
/BfTSST uiriTsmîh,
jbireir a^^Â&^tiih.
jbireir siQy:i&s^tiih,
jbireir euirÂaa^tiw.
jbireir ^ a a ^ t b .
jbneir Qair(Âaîh.
fiiiia ^liisîh.
/f nsja QairessTQeuif^th.
jSiiia euif^th.
/ffm/a QafT sfasuî i .
^faaS 6T(ipja^l i).
/fmja su/râa (tptq-Ojib.
(ff/Bja a_(ol{paa (ipii).iqtc.
; f/Eja u/ri t aa (tpiq-iqib.
jSiiia ^ a a (tpiq-iL/ii.
; f/Gja (al a/r aa (tpuîLjih.
'^62 I An Intensive Course in Tamil
(iv) jSlilS 6T(Lp<5 (tpil).(L/li).
verb accordingly.
QaireiimQsiJiT
SUIT
an-uL?
(olffirsbgjj
(v) jBirsBT QinfTjSsbsuQiTff 9fi^&
sîih.
noun accordingly.
LDfTSBSTSU
U3frs5!nsi5'
(i) /ffmids Qtnir^sbsuQiTiJ unirAs-
mi GujTiT.îf'ujGlinJ u/ri fa-
iff/Bj dîîPujGljrff a/ B ^ -
LDiTSwrsuGltra s^^Â-
/fflEJffi STfipjS (tpiq-iqii.
jffm; (o)ffi/Tfflf5T(5'6U!T(ipiq-i4ir).
jff/Eja 6iJ(r(ipL).iL/tjb.
jff/Bjffi fffriJL5'i_(jpu)-iL/tn.
;fff5j<s (ola^frsb6U(y)ir)-iqii).
IBIT63T ^SiPiuQi;3F a=fB^@UIXl.
/BiTsffT ^<fiPQujQujA 3=fiÂ&^>iih.
fifreir LDrremevQijA ^fiÂst^nih.
fiireir LoiremeiSQujA a^fiÂaûib.
/BTsar {UITQIJU uniAsûih 1
jB/Tsir uj/rGljTtJ ui r / r aa^Lb ?
(BirssT uj[T(o1(r<f ff/Bâaîi ?
iBTSsr ujirQira^ j y i Bâa^j / i i i ?
EX ER C I S ES
below.
Model : ^mis, + sTa= a/B{^<5@yii). (principal)
(i) ST6isr@ + GlGlL_aBofB)a67T/T ? (easiness)
(ii) 0[iia a_(ol(p6B@i; m. (hard)
(iii) ir}.65iu)fr aaût i ) . (work)
(iv) ^6iJrQ(S2)(5 (ipAûjLanen:.. (matter)
(v) QfisSujUiiTmsiSsiîuii). (another)
(vi) @65TQIS5)(5 ciysiîuti. (important)
(vii) ffutûLjAÂ QairemQ sujr^yii). (next day)
Lesson 55 / 463
h, Include the infinitive form of the verb given in parentheses against each ^
Example: ^nek {Su9{p îih 7 (uis^.)
(i) jBTSsr lurrQiju ? ( UT )
(ii) /BfreJr GlLCfr^sbsuQ^r* îh. {^^^)
(iii) ^liia aiq.mwiT îh. (ffl_<olfp)
(iv) LDfTsmeumi-^ 6U(guLj{3so @)/ub. (ffT(jpgj)
(v) c9/(o)^(oluj6bUfrip ^ i b . (eT(Lf^)
(vi) QiDsfoGfiO ^th. (ffiTuiJ' )
1. Wri t e the word represented by the formula.
Example : utq.Aa uu^ + Infinitive
(i) jSfBj + Infinitive :
(ii) (o)<y(r6bgJj + Infinitive ;
(iii) ffnuiS'Q + Infinitive ;
(iv) QairemQeuiT + Infinitive :
(v) 6rT(ipgj 1- Infinitive :
(vi) + Infinitive :
(vii) a_Q(p + Infinitive :
(viii) ff^^ + Infinitive ;
(ix) uiT + Infinitive :
j . F i l l in the blanks using the appropriate obligative verbal forms of the verb
given in paren heses.
(i) ;B/T65r ûS'jp ('-"^-)
(ii) pinskIUITQI;U (LJ / T)
(iii) QiBirêoireu^ QiniTêbeuQi;rA (ff/B^)
(iv) t^jgffQjT tfisroP CSibijLb (^(5)
(v) ^(ol^(oliu6i)sUfrti (^(i>Sl)
k. Change the given nouns into the objective and add at the left to the verb
(i) (o)LDn'^6V)siJ(5 : ^riia <F/BjSa@l/li).
(ii) uj/r : /BTSOT unirAs^jjiJb.
(iii) qgjGliDfry? : /fnsia ^(ip^ (tpiij.lL/ii).
(iv) eTsfaeoiTLb ; =9/611(5 (o)*(r6fag2iSU(r(5.
1. Change these sentences to the future.
(i) c9y6U(5 ffrebeuirjzQjSiîi) Qfrrebînjirf/,
(ii) QrbQpiu eiSiL(SuuiTtih QanQA<g,Q(njth.
(iii) LD/rsuffrsi/nsja Q^Qipuj 6i?L.tJufri_Lb er(ijp^firjma.
(iv) artDrriT ^t^^^Qij LoeBsP Gîjih SUÛL/ GSO â^cQj i E/ a.
Model : ^m/ffi QicnêoeuQiju unnAsîth.
(i) ^liia Gutr/r<#ffuj(o)jriJ ui r / f aaî i i .
(ii) jSiiia ^#/fluj(ol(ra= a^^Âaîh.
(iii) iTKrararsuGlirff ff^^maîh.
n. Make up ten sentences in the pattern.-
Subject + Obligative verb.
Model : jBrresr + un j -aa^y i i i .
(i) ^lija CT/EjGa5ui'(5/BgJ snrffiiia ?
(ii) S-iiiaîQ,^ û?(p i^-uenGLDtT utiÂaînir ?
(iii) ^liia ^fi^ ^siiervuû^^C-QGo:) QimT^GOrrsu^ luirQijA
(iv) 2L-/5/(Sr5@ 2_/EJ<g5 ^S^tuGijnQi ei? Q^/PU^LD/T ?
(v) ^riis, ai^.mii!T 2_(oly:)(gfi?nsj6Tr(T ?
(vi) (EJ 6T^^(ol6OT IXlSBirP G/BtTLD GU^L' qGsO ^([5<S<SB@i/(i) ?
(vii) ;ffEj êsTjbG^rrîh e^LLQuuniîb eT(Lg>^îiiT ?
(viii) /f/Bja fîreiOL-sbGeCfiiTSST ^rius^HLDir ?
VOC ABULARY
'admission' (otrDrr^sbsu 'principal'
'easily' dsirj-fflsrinfr 'hard'
'work (hard)' ^luuu^ski^^îrserr 'then only'
'another' (ipASiLiuMiGHT 'important'
'matter' ^mj@ 'stay'
GRA MMA R
15.55.155. The defective verbs like Geuîh/Gevsmi-inh, LûÂiîh/
Lfiij-ffiiSBfrgj, Gl^/Pu-jLb/GljSfPujfrgj etc., can be added to the infinitive form of
another verb as auxiliary verbs. T hi s unit in six lessons deals with the various
uses of this kind of verbal composition i n detail.
^jjLD is a truncated form of the verb Gevûih. It is added to the infinitive
to denote ' obligation' or 'strong wish' or 'command'. These verbs are at times
called 'obligative verbs'. Example :
Lesson 55 / 465
15. 55. 155. /B/rsJr îB\fiu uisÂsîh.
rbfTssr IUITQJU uirifAaîh ?
It is important to note that the basic difference between the defective verb
Gsii^jULfl and the auxiliary verb - ^ u t i is that the subject is always dative in
the former (Refer 3.19.70 ) and nominative in the latter.
15.55.156. cS/ULjiffl.6BT(|S)^^fr6Jr means ' i f it is so'. See the use of this form
in the following examples.
15. 55. 156, c9/uuii2.6Jr(g){5<z/r5r 9 uf^Quarr^Qiu fiAeoir
cSjLJum-eJTigjjSjairsJr 9 L/gjQiniryJQuj JBSOSOIT
T(lp^ (Lptq-ILflh.
Sandhi 27. Honorific marker -liis is realised as -miseh when a particle
beginning with vowel is added to it. Exampl e:
Qa Qi _a @ f E J + > QsQiAîiiasfrir
Sandhi 28. T he consonants a, ^ and u are always doubled after
îJuiffl.5T(65). Example :
^tJutfi-ssTtQ) + ^neir > <:9; LiiJiiS.6r jS^(r65r
Qa QL - a ^t i ) + liis > G)*Q(_@my<35 (Refer S,2 in 1.1)
LDfTSmn 6i/6sr -1- mi * ^ LDrresareuriia (Refer S.5 in 1.3)
iu/r(ol(r + uirirAaîiii) > lUfTfoljTiJ uirrrmaîiih
QtD/T^sbsuQjT + e=fiÂs^)iih OiDT^sbsuGl trf f fffi^&a^îh
UNIT 15
LESSON 56
I N V I T I N G A F R I EN D
DI ALOGUE
QpffjSj^ : 9^Qlê^ ! ^ rii s er mi &
n f i l * * (T u L? i _
a^Lcrr ?
gp/TjSj^ : /BTGISTT <B0 f r C 6un ' Q( _
jBirQerra^ LCjSîxjirein'Lb
Suresh i you must come to our house
for lunch. Can you come tomorrow ?
Vv'hat is special, (about tomorrow)
si r?
Tomorrow is Kala' s birth day. So,
(you) please come and have a lunch
tomorrow noon.
Lesson 56 / 467
STQ^B^ : to sir OTP a a ^ j ; mj ffi . . . .
/BTfolsira 6T6!i7-a@ sujr
(tpii).uj/rgjns/aCJsTr.' Guijir-
uuiu Gu/ r aûi i ) .
(tpiT^^ : a(P, LD^âjirenTih sujr
su!r|ipi).(L}tDrr ?
Cjra% ; afrGeoidiGso u L/ a
QaQiiu/rgy. tS/jSig^QsD
asbgz/r/PaGa G u ir a
G 6U SWT 1_ (r LD. IB fr 6JT
aiTQeou3Qeo er^^Qm
LDOSSPA^ 6i/jr@|i/Lb ?
dpfT^^: a_mi a(g5@a a/r(S1fiUii5iGfiO
6T (ip ID ffliirP a i g euijA
afflû-tDfT ^(5a(giDn- ?
arG(ra% : cîDirnsja.. sjcLpiDSBsPajgLi
usro OaOiujfrgi.
(gB)Gl60 6T6sra@ eu jr a
affl%i_LD/r ^ a g j i D .
(ipjfjSifi : eTLLiD6S!rPa@a= (olffsrra-
(PuJiDir @(5<B@ixi/r ?
SrGjrsi^ : ffTLLiD65!rPa@a= (S)<?6TT-
/PujiDfT ^ (5 a (g (5/ a .
sSjLiL/Geu si i Gpsi r.
5 / 3( 7: QiTfrtDu sir p?. fin etr
6U!rLLlD(T ?
aG(rei% : eurrmia.
Pardon (me), sir... (Vou see) I cannot
come tomorrow. (I) have Professor's
class. I should attend (it) certainly.
Alright, (you) need not come in the
noon. Can (you) come in the
morning ?
(Yes), (I) can come in the morning
because there is no class in the
morning. So I need not go even to
college. A t what time in the morning
should I come (to your house) ?
Wi l l there be any difficulty for you
to come at seven o'clock in the
morning ?
Yes, sir. There is no bus at seven
o'clock. So it wi l l be difficult for me
to come.
W i l l it be convenient at eight
o'clock ?
It wi l l be convenient at eight
o' clock... (I) wi l l come at that time.
Thank (you) very much. Shall I
take leave of you ?
Please do.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
15. 56. 157. finm asbgj/rfPaigLJ Guf r a QeuessTL^nih.
jfffBJa LD^îunesnh ev^QeueminLh.
15. 56. 158. a_(Bj<S(Si5(g rbrrQerrAQ, 6)j^(Lptq.u^LCi'r ?
ersisraQa airQeouSGeo 6U{r(tpir)-iqii).
15. 56. 159. a_mja(g5@ sTfLpLosinrPa eviÂ asi%L_tn/r
15. 56. 160 . tiM^(65)<o)so, ifmja iDja<Suj(r6wu) ^fruL?! sufrns/a.
b. Bui l d up dri l l
(i) eresraÂ airQeouSGeo eu^
(tfiUf-ILjlh.
6T65TiS@
(ii) s_n5ji95(ST5c5@ ;BT(o)6rr<ss@ sujr
(iptrj.iqLDn' ?
(ipii)-U^t>fr ?
6wjr
(iii) 6TS3T<5@ JBTGIsTTffiig SUIT
(ipiq-UJfT; .
(Lpuj-ujnrgj
{BT(o)6ir(g
6T6!jra5{g
(iv) jSiiia iD^îuirem-th sujr
Geuemiirth
(v) aL_fBJ ( ST 5 g 5 6T(tpU)SlIIfP(g
suâs 6iî_U3/r ât guor r ?
<9si%itnir ^(tTjA^LCiiT ?
eT6sr<sB(g<B <a6Q6U(i5'G60 eui;(ipuû.jth.
(yDUj-iqii)
ii!r(tptj)-iqii
a/rGlsuui'Gso, 6iJ!j(yMif-U-/Lb
i5T6!STiS@<B affQsouJ'Ga^ 6iJ!r(ipii)-iqLb.
a_(Bj(Sr5@ iBfrQsrra
iy!ii).ULjtifr ?
sii!7(ipii).iL;LDfr ?
iBfffolsrra 6U[r(ipi|-u_/u)/r ?
a_mja(g](5(K@ ^BnrGlsira
sui:r(Lpiq.u-iinir ?
T63T<s@ ;BiT(S1sn-@ 6V!r(ipi)-iufrg/.
(Lpuj-ujfrgj
6T6Sr(SS@ iB/T(ol6TTi5(g SlJ!r(ipli).UJfrgJ.
; f (Bj uj^jîLKTSsrii) 6ii; rG6iJ6inm_fftb.
G6U6i(irrL_/ni)
si;!rGaj8!n-L_;7Lb
iDjSîuTSSTLb sujrGcussijTL-n-ii
/ffiBias iB^ûJirsiTii) sij?G6U6iwrL_irii.
Lesson 56 / 469
c. Expansion dri l l
(i) 2i_mj(gi5(g (ipuf.tLjU)ir ?
jbirQeni^ (tpuîLfinir ?
(ii) SL.mj(T5@ iBeîiniT
sujra asiîLDir ^(ija^tn/ i ?
^(j565@ur ?
gsTGlsDuJ'CJso asi^LLonr ^ a -
@u5fr ?
(iii) /Bireir C uf f s Gei/ewrifftL.
GsusrorL-ffLD
ffiffOsoui'GfiU Guf f a
Gsu6iiijn_ffU)
^(tpujsBfff a@ sujra asiîusff
â oui f f ?
S-M/aiSjjaig 6jr(tpu)S55Pa@ mi;A
S)î_mff â^tc/ r ?
2i-mja(e7â(g (ipiq.(qu}ff ?
SL/BiaiSTjaig 6U!r(ipii).iL/tDff ?
s_m/aigrâ(3 in^îuiresrih eufr
(tpi^-iqinff ?
s_iGia(6Tâ@ /EffQeira^ UD^^-
luiresrih eiiij(ipin.iLfLCirr ?
a_fBiaigi5a@a 6iî_U)ff â î n f f ?
2_(Eiatgf5a@ 6U(ra aa%L_LDff a -
(glDff ?
2J_/BjaigT5a@ e7(iptc65jf a@ njjra
affl%i_tDff âî Df f ?
2i_mia(gr5a@a afffflsuufGso srcyiUDsiraP
a siLiira aeiî-iDff ^(fja^LDff ?
/Bffsir Guf f a Geusmiirih.
jbireir aebga/rfPaGa Guira
GeuemL-irih,
fiireir anQeou3Geo asbg^/rrPaGa
Guf f a Gcusairiffii.
(i) Q :
ereffrsisr e^GffOîiis ?
A :
aeoirGeuirQi-. G)u(Dfi^ /Dffigrj-
(ii) Q :
airQeou3Geo eu^Qpuîqmir ? _
A : airQeouSGeo ev^rofiUf-iLfih.
(iii)
Q :
aL.fEia(Sr5a@a mirQeouS'Geo ^(tpujfiSjrPa oU!raa6)%i_LDT
^{5a@LDff ?
A : ^LLiriiis.
(iv)
Q:
STLL(5U)6II5P<SB(S* QêrrmiPujLDiT â^mnr ? .
A: eTL-OLDeiraPa* GlaÔTatPujiBT â ^m/ a .
(i) iffffi/a OÎTULSL- eu^îh.
verb accordingly.
UfT
Glafrsbgjj
(ii) a_nsi(gnj@ siyjra 6j%L_u)ff
verb accordingly.
Gu/r
6u/r#
(iii) (fmia si/jr^j/Lb.
verb accordingly.
Gun-
jfffBja Ufrrraa- suirîb.
;fmja Gla/ râa aif rû).
S-iB/ aigija sujra a6i%i_LDiT
âotnnf ?
a-fEjaigrjaOjS ^nsiaa aeîiDir
^(rffi^wrr ? _
a_(Bja( a_(o1jpaaa asiîin/r
^C5a<sii5/r ?
s_fs/ai6ir5a@u QU[TS,& seîWir
^(TffA^WIT ?
a_i5Ja;gr5a@ s>j(r<#aaa aiî_LD/T
â^tjorr ?
ffl-iB/atgija 6T(ipâ asi^L-mir
^(5@iifr ?
jffiGja eun^jiib.
jfmja Gu/ r aÛ L D.
^mja LDeiresfaaÛLb.'
(i) sTSsra su7(ipii).iqii).
sT6inra@tJ Guf r a (jpiq-iijtn-
sTdBrao* afruL?! (ipiq.u-/ii.
(ii) ersBra 6U(r(tptij.iqu>.
fTfflrraigu Gui r a (tpq-iqii).
eT6sra@i= S'ITUISL- (ipuîLjih.
(iii) jfffGis eu!r@u(i>.
/ffiGia Gu f r a ^ m.
; ff/ a riruii' i@uu).
a_/Bja(T5a@ euifOfiu^-iqwir ?
si_(Eja(Si5a@u Gurra (tptiîquKr ?
a_iBia(gT5a@.y *iriJL?L_ (tpji).(L/iiD(r ?
eresra^ cu!r(ip4-UJn'gj.
sten-aû Gu/ ra (ipb).ujrrgi.
erssTAÂ ^nuiî (tpiq-iuir^.
Guira Qeusminih.
^liia O'ITUISL- GeuesiniiTih.
Lesson 56 / 471
EXERCISES
below.
Model : ffiuQetrAÂ seonGeunG\i^ (birth day)
ffinQetriÂ seoaQeanQi Qup^^fiir^.
(i) ^liis -Asîiiiia. (excuse)
(ii) /BfTsir ...Guirsîh. (definitely)
(iii) ertLQinewPA^ ...@(5@inT ? (convenient)
h. Include the infinitive form of the verb given in parentheses against each
Example : itirQsna^ (tpiq-iquj/r ? (sufr)
(i) ^liia lo^îunesTih ojirnsia. (ffiruL? )
(ii) ^liia <B î i ) . (uDewssP)
(iii) ^fim eTjBjsGlsffr ihetssPAi^ ^ l i ) . (OUT)
(iv) as bgwi P a Gsueminih. (QUIT)
i . Wri t e the word represented by the formula.
Example : *T IJL S' I_ <ffriJL? + Infinitive
(i) 6Ufr + Infinitive :
(ii) Gurt + Infinitive :
(iii) jS/T + Infinitive :
]. . F i l l in the blanks using the appropriate obligative verbal forms of the verb
(i) jSiiis (weiresP)
(ii) jB/rsir aemuf-UuiTU (Guir)
(iii) fmia ^fruiJ' t - (SUIT)
(i) eresrAû Guira (tpaj-iL/tb.
(ii) sTSura euir(ipiq-iLfih.
(iii) jSriia Guira^nih.
(iv) fB/ a^rruiS'L-îh.
I. Change the given nouns into the dative arid add at the left to the Verb
(i) 6i7@>; 0riimS'!TLJL3L- SK(7@)/U>.
(ii) 61/@UL; : rtnesT Guija^)iih.
(iii) mebîP : /BTSW Guns, GeueminiL.
(iv) 67(ipir)6TOP : uek) Gl aQt -i uf r ^.
Model : ersura^ su!r(tpii).iqii).
(i) 6T6!ir<@u Guira (tpiq-iqii.
(ii) eT65r@* a=(riJLS'i_ Qpis^tLiih.
n. Make up ten sentences in the pattern.
Subj. (Dat) + Inf + I C ^' ^' ^' ^ 1
Model : 6T6isr6B@ + sujr + (tp^-iqiL.
(i) [bnQetrAQ, sriiia GI7LL(5<B@ eui;(ipixîqiniT 7
(ii) SLiBja u)GTr/rGli_ GILJID/B JS/BTISTJ S T U L J ?
(iii) /fmJiSG <si^jp 6i/@iJL/<a(gaB a56iiJTti).LJu/ru Guirsîmr 7
(iv) ^6!wr(ol6ii5j-ffi(g jffiBja ^êroiq.u^\Lj,L-Q&û Quira
GsuemiiTwiT 7
(v) 2_(Bj(Si5<S(g airClsoui'Gao c9/(g*LD6iwPffi@ ffT(ip; B^(5 a
(vi) 7/T^j(P usJrsiPGlirciraT i Der of i .^'L-i^.ui' CSsoai' îi^
rEj(J(TsSfP(giJ usfo Q<g5(olL_<S(gtD/T 7
(vii) ij!T^0fi uesresPQijsmQ ixi6Bijfi@ î l i jj. ai ' Qsoui ' î Bg/ ucro
la(o1i_ujTgj, ^sbGso ?
(viii) SL.miaÂ^ ^rrervieb GlffsrrafPujiniT ^ffi as^Si r 7
VOC ABUL ARY
QufD/B^jBHigj ' birthday' dWiS' Glso 'so/therefore'
i6BT6sP 'pardon, excuse' (tpiq.iij/rg/ 'cannot'
aswrrtq-UUT 'certainly' SlffsrrasiPuJUin- 'conveniently'
GRA MMA R
15. 56. 157. We mentioned in the previous lesson that the verb Geu^jiLo
has a truncated form - ^ i b . However, its corresponding negative is identi-
cal in form wi t h the negative defective verb Gevmriirih. Example :
15. 56. 157. jBfrssr asbgwi P a^Li Guirs Geuemiirih.
15.56.158. <jpiîLjti)/(y;ii)-UJrr^ is also used as an auxiliary verb and added to
t h* infinitive as follows.
Lesson 56 / 473
15. 56. 158. si_(Ei6B(ffr56B(g fbirCerrs^ eu(r(ipuf-ininrt ?
erenrai^s airQsoui'Clso 6uij(tfi^-inih.
In these sentences, rarely the nominative can also have the position of subject,
Example :
15. 56. 158. /B(T6Jr arrQeDu^QscS eui;r(iptq.iLfLh.
15.56.159. Like (y>ii}.iqii)/(tpL).uj/rgy, se^L-wir ^(566@ti/ffisi%i_u)(r
^{5<5<35/ray is also added to the infinitive of another verb and it has dative
as its subject. Example :
IS. 56. 159. 2_(5jffiigi5ffi(g ^(t^jujswPa^ sufra <356i %L_tDfr
15.56.160. cSJîg^Sifiti is a sentence conjunction which means 'so/therefore'.
Example :
15. 56. 160. d>)^(65)(o)sD, rSiiis iTi^îunesnb ff/ruLft eunrua.
Sandhi 29. The consonants j, ^ and u are always doubled after the
infinitives. Example :
LD6ST63f dBds^yiii + fs/ffi > iisiJT6sf'a@yfBjffi (Refer S. 1 in 1.1)
eiiff(LpuîuiT^riisi + ej > 6i(!r(ipii).uj/rgjmjiSBG6rr (Refer S.27 in 15.55)
asasnq-Liu/T + Gu/rasâu) > aemuûunu Guiraîiib (Refer S,21 in 3.20)
UNIT 15
LESSON 57
BORROWING MONEY FROM A FRIEND
DI ALOGUE
Cosuîx). SI. til s m IT Q so
QanQss (Lpiq-iquiir ?
Suresh, I need a loan of ten rupees
urgently. Can you give me ?
QarrQas (ipisîu IT ^ .
STll UTUJ Gu IT -
Pardon me, Mr. Narasaiah.". I cannot
give (you) ten rupees. Will eight
rupees do ?
Lesson 57 / 475
- GeuGnj 6U{^ êbGleo ....
f5/r (o1 err <5@ er m/as
^6iii)T(6B5) Ear (5 G 60 US' -
@G/D6iyr.
ai-G(rsi^: cSy^^ 6Ufr!rtD/r....6T6sr<s@
(sj fr 11? (D g)/ Gl a (p (ol LD
^ / B ^ L J L I S K U T L D G J ^GL D .
a_mi<K6irfrQ60 jsajsi^
Glas/Tâas (tptq-iqinfr ?
(ola/T.ai35 G) as ff 5= Lo
a56iî_LDn' ^(fja^tx) . . .
an^Qmrr ?
ffrGije^ ; <f fP, (olasfT^fEJaB .... êiiBT-
QemrA^ LD IT Q 60 u3 G eo
SeaPmrrei^mi^ suîiiaierrn?
jB!r<5FiiJuj/T : ^sbGleo. 6TS!ir@a= rf'ssP
l)/T61J(glJ G u IT a u
iSuÂarr^ .... / B ff i as I D
/bfriaB^gJ*@u Guira-
*G!r6i^ ; eresrAfff) j5/ri_a5(tpii L ^ U ) . * -
tifiGso efOL-frff ^Giutl-
i_/fG60 a^^ûGuirmiT ?
ffiifsîuujiT ; fffP. ^/rsir eu G p eir,
e^Gi;ei^.
ffrGê^, : eurriEis.
Alright. Please give (it)- I do not
like borrowing (money from others).
(There is) no other way today... My
elder brother is coming from (his)
place tomorrow. I will return (it)
next week.
Oh I next week.... ? (you see) I need
this money on Sunday. Could you
please return this money on that
day ?
I will have some difficulty to return
it on Sunday. Shall (I) give (it) on
Monday ?
Alright, (you) please give it (on
Monday)... Are you coming for the
movie this evening ?
No sir. I do not like to go to cinema.
(I) like seeing dramas. Shall (we)
go for a drama ?
Alright, I like dramas also-. Then,
shall we meet at Star theatre ?
Alright. 1 take leave of you, Mr.
Suresh,
Please do.
476 j An Intensive Course in Tamil
DRI LLS
a. Variation drill
15. 57. 161. S-mis,en!jG\60 i i^giûfruj Q*/r<Bd5 (tpuînmrt ?
15. 57. 162. 6T6iSTia@ fB/rL-aii u/r/taffitl' L?iij.a@ii.
6T5in-(gd= .^sfffLD/r u/T(tatJ LS'uj.aigii.
b. Build up drill
(i) Si-iii&ennQeo u^gju/TiiJ
(Jptq-ULJlD/r ?
(ola(Ta
(5LJ/TUJ
s_fEja6TrfrQso
(ii) sT60ia@ ;B/Ti_aLb u/rffaau
L?Iq.a(gLD.
uiTifaa
;B(IIatb
6T S5T a(g
(iii) sTfflfraigff ^^sffPiDiT Ufriraau
tS'tij.aan-gi.
LS'uj.aaffgi
u/Tfraa
(iv) eT65ra@ ai_65r sufrmjau
L?ijcj.aa(rg/.
a_fEjasrr(T(ol6D u^^ÛfruJ
(olan-(5ia (ipii).iqLD/r ?
(tpiif-iqiD/r ?
Qan'Q'aa (tpLj-iL/tciT ?
gjuiTiiJ (olafT(5aa (tpuj-U./tian' ?
u^gjûffuj Qa/rg'aa (ipiij.U-/LD/T ?
a_(E)asyTfr(ol60 ûniu
(ola/Tâa (jpuj-U-^LD/r ?
srajrajg /BiTi_am u/rrfaau
LÛJ-aOLD.
LJlrj-a^li)
uiTiraau i3u^xig)iii
/BTi_aLb ufr/raau Lîif-aigLb
CTSsrao /fiTL-aii un-iraau
L?iq.a@ti).
eT65ra(g<3= #6sfI BI T LKr/raau
L?iJ9.aa/r^.
L?u}.afrgj
u/Tffaau LÛf-aafT^j
êsPuitT u(T/faau L9iij.Tg/
CTSiraoJ .#6!rPiiT LjjTffaaiJ
L?iq-aa/Tgj.
CT65Ta@a L
Lîq-aafrgj.
L?U).afrgj
i_65r euniiis, L_6ir 61/fffBJaLJ L^Jij-aarrgj
eT6i5Ta(g ai_65r euiriiisu
ti'iij.aaiT^.
c. Expansion drill
(i) STSwigjolso (jpuj-iurrgj.
(ii) 6T6!JT@LJ L^lq-aBiSS/rg/.
(iii) ffT6!n-@tJ L?iq.<(gii).
LJ/r/fia<siJ Lîq-agjii)
Lesson 57 / 477
6T6ff7-|g)Q0 (ol/r(5(B (ipi^.lU!T^.
(ipr).UJTg/.
eT6Sri@LJ L?C).i5(S5/rg/.
ffT6Bf@U LS'lr).@U).
6T6!5roiJ Lj/rfftj d'isâ(Qiii.
eresrao /BiTi_aBti) U / T / T I J
(i) Q : jfB) (S1a{p(olin (DlfraL-LDfr ?
' A : ffiP, QaiT(Sias.
(ii) Q. êmQemrA^ wirQeouSGeo .I'ssPui/rsi/a euiffriimerriT ?
(iii) Q: s^dj ;Bn'i_^gj65(giJ Gu/r*6U(rtDfr ?
(iv) Q: cSiuu/tîrGlsoiLyGso sfUL_/r/r ^Gujilt-irGso yjBû-
GuinniT ?
A : *fP, /BTsir euG/osir.
(i) ffl_(Bia6ir(r(o)60 lffifr(5'
pronoun accordingly.
IblTLD
SL-mismirQeo QafrOaa (ipir).UL/t)ff ?
s_6iJT(SB)Q60 Qa/r(5aa (yDiij.ii/mjr ?
ffTsJTiQjQeo (o)(r(5a (ipiij.(L/u)fr ?
fBLOLCffQeo (o)fr(pra (tpuj-ii/LOfr ?
c?ysij(g5)Q6V> QsirQidi iipiif.iL/tjD/r ?
c9/su6irfrGl60 Gla/r** (tpiq-H/tno- ?
t^suirrrClsu (olffirr** (ipiif.ii/LDfr ?
tS;6i/mja6Trfr(o)6D (olffiir** dpnj--
ii/LD/r ?
(ii) 6T65ra@ ennm&u iSu^-Asn^.
verb accordingly.
Gun
(iii) sTS!(T(5@J urr/taasLJ i3uÂîh.
verb accordingly.
(iv) sT6iira@ (gfTafiDpaGlajpGlu)
uemih Gsi^îih.
verb accordingly.
siS'tuirjpaGlajpGliB
(olsusfrgrPaQajjoGlm
(i) ST60T(g)QsO (ol<SS(T(96B (tplIJ.lL/li.
6T651 tg)(o1u eunmis itpiif.iL/tri.
eT6JTig)(ol60 6U!r (tpuj-iL/iL.
ffTfflJTiajQso ffirtJLS't- (jpuj-iqii).
(ii) cTSJrigjGlso a=TtJti'L_ {tpijf.iL/ii).
erssTtgjQso sufr upuf-iqii.
6T6ar(65)(olu suir/Eia (tpuf-iqii.
&T6irig)Gl6t> G1iTas (ipiif.iL/ii).
STb3T(g ffU/rfEtatj L?llf_d5/Tg/.
eT65r(gu Gun&u L?tcf.aifrg/.
eT65r(g ffUjrtJ L5'llf.<95/Tgj.
sT6isr(g6T (ip^ L J ti'iij.Aa/rgj.
tj'iq.aa/rgi.
eT6OT(giJ unr/raLJ L^Hfaigti).
eT65r(g* 9^^&au i3i^.A(eîh.
sT6i!r@ fivjffi'a.stj Li'iq.@Lb.
eTIT(gtJ Ulif-<SB1J L5'lIJ.(glil.
e7 65r(g (65(TuJ'(bp'5<ol{p<oltD uemih
Gffuûti.
STSirr<S(g^ jS(Ej(ol66{p(o)LD uswrrtb
Gcu^j/tb.
6T6irT(S@a= Q#sij6U(TaGljp(oluD
LJSSirrLbG O U @) / L D .
6T65r(gtJ L/^6ffr(olJp(olLD USBStLD
Geu^j/ti-
eresrAtg, siyiLKTfpaQajpGlm usBSTti)
G6u@)jii).
eT6ir(g GlsusirsrPaGlffijpQii)
uemib Gsii^ytD.
eT6!n-{gJ ffssPasGldSfpOLD uararti)
Gsu^yti).
S_fEliS66mTQsV) QffilT** (tpirf.lL/tDIT ?
S-fiiserrirQso euiriits qpt^îLfLDrr ?
ffl_f5ja6ir(rGl6D euif (tpuj-iL/mfr ?
S2_mia56TrffGl60 tfiruLyi- (ipirf.u./to/r ?
6T5T(5)(olsO fffftJLpL, (Jpirf-lUfTg;.
eT6Jr@)(olso su!r (tpuf-UJfrg;.
erssrigBjGlfiO j/rfBiffi (ipiif.iL/(rgj.
CTssTiQjQeo Q/r(5<B (tpuf-ujirgj.
Lesson 57 / 479
(iii) êisT&@ fiiLâih unHAsu eresTA^ ^nisih uniAeuls
6T6Br@ i_SBr nj/r/BJdBU C T S BT A * su-m euiriiiau
EXERCI SES
5. Fill in the blanks using the cues given in parentheses as in the model given
below.
Model: trssra Qeu^th. (urgently)
(i) 6T6ffr@ G>su@i/Lb. (loan)
(ii) eT6iJr@ ; +^ i3uÂsn^. (buy)
(iii) êmQemA^ QeuQp êbQa). (way)
(iv) .^-eunîb Qairâ^Qgo^. (next)
(v) t5J;B;5 QiBfra6(gC5/D6ST. (week)
(vi) jBfrSlerra ericia.. 6U(2J(!5. (elder brother)
(vii) 6TBT<B@ Gsu@Mii). (sunday)
(viii) 6T65r(giJ Gsugpdb. (money)
(ix) QairQsatLQLDiT ? (monday)
h. Include the infinitive form of the verb given in parentheses against each
Example: erssrigpQeo (tpuj-UJirgj. (QanQ)
ffT69r(g)Qo Qs.n@s& (tpiq-iuir^.
(i) sTsir(65)QfiO (tpuj-iuir^. (SUIT)
(ii) T6sr<ssû iSi^.&&n^. (ojiriii^)
(iii) CTCSTsû li'iij-aesir^. (Guir)
(iv) 6T6sr@ [biriaihiSin-Aîh. (u/r)
i. Change the given nouns into the instrumental and add at the left to the
sentences given below.
(i) frsia : QairQaa (Lptq.iLfu>iT ?
(ii) j&rr9T : Ufi^ûntu Qan@Aa (ipuûjiTg}.
(iii) ^sm<^ : U|r(ipu).iqu>.
Example : Quirx Gun + Infinitive
(i) Qair + Infinitive :
(ii) 6u/rmj@ + Infinitive :
(iii) su/r + Infinitive : ...
(iv) #rB^ + Infinitive :
k. Change these sentences to the future.
(i) / B(T6BT ^{S^ eiitrijih QanQaig^Qipm.
(ii) TbnQenai^ êm^ &SE^Qeoa3^^^ ojinj^.
(iii) /f ma êsPuaireijAû Qurrîiiasmr 7
(iv) ^(Tsir ^GiutLid^Geo 3^^Â(^Gpem:
1. Change these sentences to the negative.
(i) eT6ffr(6g)(ol6U QairQisi (tpuj-ii/ib.
(ii) ereJngjQsv) eutiiiia (tpixf-iLfih.
(iii) eT6BTi4@ ^ffi_<5Bir) urfirAaLJ iSisÂîh.
(iv) STSiTTiSB^ff <#6!tPu3(r LJ/rfr(S6tJ LSIlq-AÛ).
(v) 6T6aria@4B ai_6ir evirriiau L9ii).@ii).
I D . Write seven sentences about the days of the week.
Example : iQiTu3ir)!ÂQa{pQw evnrr^giGeo (olLDjr^soircug/
(i) ^sufffrmn- eresTS^ (5Ugy ûiriu aiêir Geuîb-
s^riiserrirQeo QmirQAa (tpuj-iL/tD/r 7
(ii) 6TSf a@ L_6I5T surr/Eiau Li'ii).a(gii). ffi_(Bia(Sr5a(g ?
(iii) ereuraoa L_6ffr (olfr(S>aau Lîq-aafrgj. a^/iiajSTjaig ?
(iv) a_isi(g[5a(ga #63f m/Tsi/aû Gu/rau L5'ii)-a(gLD(r ?
(v) a_i5Ja(ST5a(g /Bm_ti ufrffaau Lj^.aîDfr ?
(vi) jbirQenA^ S-iiis ^6m<M) aatfijGsoui'dj/Bg/ euiirjîT 7
VOCABULARY
ai_6ir 'loan' aL^sarsuirnsjo 'borrow'
6viy9 'way' jêsiiTiga) 'elder brother'
(Sjrrui'fDgjia ûjsi/(o)<f uj^ 'please'
G)yj(o)LD 'Sunday'
ji/5Ja(o)a(p(olu) 'monday' rBfriaii 'drama'
GRAMMAR
15.57.161. We have already noted in the lesson 11,46.140 that the verb
(ipuf.iLiih/(tpU).ujiT^ at times has its subject in the instrumental form which
consists of a noun and the instrumental marker -^Qeo, There was no
explicit indication of the occurrence of the infinitive of another verb in those
Lesson 57 / 481
sentences. However, its existence is inherently understood in those sentences.
In the following sentences the infinitives that are followed by (ipuf.iLfLb/(ipuf.-
uj/rgy are overtly expressed.
15. 57. 161. oîiiaemrQeo u^^ûiriu QairQAa (tpi^-iLjinir ?
15,57,162. Like other defective verbs, L9uÂ(^Lb/iSu).a<xiT^ can also be
added to the infinitive form of another verb. But it is important to note that
only the dative can have the position of subject in these sentences. Example :
15. 57, 162, 6T65riS5@ jB/naLb Lj/r/riSB<5u i3i^.Aîh.
6T65r<S(g#^SSPLCIT uirrrAsu iSuf-Aarr^.
Sandhi : fii/rrnsja + Lûj-isasff^ êuiniiau L9uf.Asir^
Gla/rOaiR +QsiKâîb ^QSITQASA Qn"(â=LD
(SuiTM + L?u).<SBT^ Gurrau iStsf-Aair^
uniiAs + iSnÂîh uairAsu iSu^mîh (Refer S. 29 in 15.56)
UNpi 5 I
LESSON 58
EX:f'EC'TING A GUEST TO ARRIVE
DI ALOGUE
fi^-s'iLMja : ufQsO ^^GcuQnr
jB7<FiiJiun- : QjBfPujQ3..^(5Gu(olir
Narasaiah, did your eldtr brother
come from (his) place yesterday ?
(He) did not come (yesterday)...
Perhaps (h) may come today.
Is he coming alone ?
(1) do not know... Perhaps my sister-
in-law may also Come... With her
the children may also come.
Lesson 58 / 483
êcXSvo ?
jB|ra=uJujfr : û^n sr Q if ...
u^ûtemPeuQi; u nj
sfoi_/rwr(5G60iSir6Br
usfo 6foi_(rrGsouj/r
ffiTiuiiisiTeOQfiLh u sru
6YOi_fr6OTT(5a(gLi Gu/ra-
*G[rfiii> ; /BffgjJLO E_/Ejah.i_ suirLL-
G6iisroTi_/rLDfr ?
ffrGjrsi^ ; ersiSTa* a=fnijn5ja/r60Lb
uisâau LP^-aa/T^.
GuffasUfTti. jS lii s
Qijuîuir ^(jiBja.
You expected them yesterday evening
itself, didn't you ?
Yes, Mr. Suresh... (I) was in the bus
stand till ten o' clock yesterday.
What ? Were you there in the bus
stand till ten o' clock ?
Yes. They didn't turn up. (I) should
go to bus stand today evening too.
Shall I also come with you ?
Don't you have to study for the
tomorrow's examination ?
I do not like studying in the evening.
Alright, we shall go at five o' clock.
Please be ready.
Alright.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
15. 58. 163. cS/swTigM) ^ffl(!fT(o)6OTfa^ 6U!rai-(5'LD.
c9j6MT6irof'>.L_a ^yj^Gl^fE/aigfjub 6U5riisk.(5tjb
15. 58. 164. jbTeir u^îDsimPeuQff Ueio erCL-irstHnQGeo
@(V5/BG^65T .
^{ih,fi^ri)s,smj 1
b. Build up drill
(i) cS/sBBTi^ êmQemA(Q eu/yis
6U/7
(ii) ^63Tr6roPah.(_ (îp^Q^rii-
(iii) iBTsar u^îDssvPeuQi; usro
6rOL_fr6!roT(S'C60 ^ ( J / BG ^ S S T .
usfo erVL-iTfm(^Qeo
(iv) ^rii& u^gimessPeuQi; ueio
c. Expansion drill
(i) ^saWigTO) euâOuQib.
ah-!!)
6)J(r<9h-li)
<:9)6TOrsMPah.i_65 ^jp^Bto'^'RiaigrjLb
fii/!r6Buii).
Jp/BQ^/EJdSlgfJub 6U)rffii.li)
^STOTSBjrf'.sh.L-cB @y)jBQ^m/a5(i5ti)
6u/7ah.iii.
/birsir u^giUifiwPsuQtr ueio 4;rOi_rr-
63OTG60 ^(Tff^GêiT.
@(iT)p)GêiT
ueio erOL^rrernQGeo ^(iT,p,G^6sr
Lj^gjixifiaufifeuGlfr uero eioiirsm(SGeo
^(5/BG^6sr
jbTSST U^gJtl6S!lPsu(ol(r UsfO 6rOL_IT-
6siiTG60 ^0^G^6ir,
fiiia u^^wansPevQif uero sTOi_/r-
6iiTG60 g!(5^^faa6irflr ?
^fB^fEjaerr/r ?
LJ6t0sr0(_n'6ii!rTG60 ^(rF/^^riisenj ?
u^gjLosssPcijQjr usro sT0i_nrffliirTG60
/f/Eja u^^LDfflurf'6ij(ol!r ucro 6roi_(r-
6wG60 ^(^^^/Eiasirn- ?
tS/sMTigB) ^ssiirGlssin-ao 6ii!riffii.m.
(ii) ^jp^QjBm/aigijif) euifA^Sn^tSth
(iii) ibtresT usfo eioirrem(SGeo
(iv) ^m/a LJtq. <B65 GU6iraTi_/ru)fr ?
u;Pil(o1<9=<s@iJ uuf.Aa Gsiiem-
i_(ru)T ?
/BfrQsrraû uiq-dsa Csusair-
IITILIT ?
Lesson 5 / 485
s^tjCsuGlsir 6iJ7<5c9h.(5ti).
ffiiteir usfo efou-Tsair^Gso
@((5j6G^6Jr.
/B/Tsar u^îmmPeuQ^ usfo sfoi_/r
6iwTG60 ^c!5;BCiS6ir.
^liia uiif.sm Geuemiirinir ?
^tiia urf*Ll(ol*6B(gu uixÂm
Geu0sisrtiTiiiT ?
uiq- CusiArL./ru)rr ?
(i) Q: Gjb^] SL-mia cS/snirrigsg) 2a'(5GsouJ'(5jB^ 6D;B<Sfr!r/r ?
A: 61/irQso. QjrTjGsijfflOT în-(o1siir@ 6iJ!r<56i.(5Lb.
(ii) Q : êu(iT, LOtL(^LniT su^njctf) ?
A: Q^fPtuGlso.
(iii) Q: 0ima ê^JisiaQerr G/B^gj* SPifiuriiaireoGm STÎTUITIT^-
^liis, ^sbGso ?
A : tîn/r.
(iv) Q : u^^LDsssfsuQj usfo 6foi_/r6OTTG60 @(5/B^(Bjerrfr ?
A : ^miT.
(i) ^smQemA^ D!rffiah.(5tb.
verb accordingly.
Gun
QanesinQeun
unîT)
(ii) ^m/ffi U4.a QsUfmfL^ttiLiT ?
Substitute
(tfitq.iL{mn 7
^6ai(T(olsii5r(d5u Gu(ra,.tfi.
@sBr(o)eirar<B(gu u/rff<sBiii.(5ii).
/ffm/a ui4.<s5 GeusmL.nuin 7
jSiii& uuâa ^Lîqinn 7
^(iis utÂs (tpirj-Uj/r^rr ?
' JftNJ / An igiensive Course in Tamil
(iii) tSfSiimiai eujrGlffl). êumis eui^Qeo.
verb accordingly.
QUIT ^êuiiis (Suti&G)eo.
(iv) j5(Bi66 erîfuirri^^mia. jf mja eT^(rufriTj8<rsi<B.
verb suitably.
ST jf/BJ ST^jS^fBja.
{. Transformation drHl
(i) ^sBitTi^ ^6iiiiT(o)saT<Big tun- êmQema^ 6vijf&3h.Qih ?
6upâh.ii>.
cS/soirrsBBp ^SBiyrGlssiTiS I U T ^ J ^sairQsBBrag 6up'..i) ?
SUîS5ah.Lb.
@y)(B<o1<a5fsj ^sBirrQeswa^ uj(r((5 ^snirrGlsssTiSSig 6U7ah.ii) ?
S117<95a>.LO.
(iii) eS/6U([5 LDLlti) 611(37(5. cSJsu^fj i)L.ti/r sij(27((5 ?
c9/SlJ(EhSB l)l:llil 6U(27/EJ. ^6UIEy U3L.LD(T sii(2ymjc ?
cS/sabTswP U)L L L O eu(n7rsja. ^snirrsroP LDil.t)(r 6U(2y/Bja ?
EXERCI SES
below.
Model: sujrsuini. (elder brother's wife)
v^sinrsnf sutrsoirii).
(i) ^liis G^^^ ^^liia. (expect)
(ii) 0mja ^(jfBia. (ready)
Example : fiujr euir + Infinitive.
(i) Tj/rLjff(f5 + Infinitive:
(ii) + Infinitive :
(iii) uiq. + Infinitive:
Lesson 581 487
i Change these sentences to the past.
(i) cS/osifrigro) aar(2)Cp60iL?(i5/Bgj euiitj^rf,.
(ii) ^su/BjaSlerr* ^niumi&nsoQic ^îTuirirA^QrosiT-
(iii) a/TUjmjffi/reuti usfo sfUL-n-eoir^dBîJ Gu/rCI(DffiJr.
(iv) u^^mmP suQfr usru fDi_(r!iin-(5G60 ^(^ffi^Gpsar.
(v) ;fmJ6B UffLL(olff(StJ Ulr}.iS5@(!?/BJ.
Model: êmi^s^ êmQsmA^ eu(r<sah.(5ii).
(i) ofp/Blol^nija ^sOTrGlssara^ suiriah.!/).
(ii) êmmsP êmQsmA(Q 6u/Ta<9h.(5H). .
Model : êmri^m) ^smQessrA^ 6U!rah.U).
(i) êirorsOTf êain-Qswra Dir<s5ah.ui.
(ii) @(p^Q^mjai ênin(oswragj s)j/7acKiu).
k. Make up ten sentences in the pattern.
Subj. + Inf 4- avi,(5L0.
Model : ^lemassf + sujr +i. L D .
(i) GrB^^ a_/5JiS inQsBTsi? asr^GeOuJ'cj/Bgj su^^/T/E/asrr/T ?
(ii) G/B^gj (r/r^^fP S T ^ ^ QS BT Lossaf suQjr ^rua uii}.ff#fE/<s5 ?
(iii) êmTQemrA^3= ffiriuiiiatreoih jSiiia êsPLDireijaû
GuiTîiiasrTiT ?
(iv) a_(EjigT5as@ff ^muraiafrsoti uisâ&u Lûj-aînfr ?
(v) /gmiffi uarQeouS'Geo sTjS^Qesr msuffPfiufolir 6U @L J L J G60
VOCABULARY
ah-(5Lb 'may' L O L L ^ L D 'only, alone'
QîP 'know' êmremP 'elder brother's wife'
eTîTU!T(rf, 'expect' evQi; 'till, until'
GRAMMAR
15.58.163. 3ix.(îh is an auxiliary verb which is idiomatically used in the
sense of 'may' (Also refer 15.59). Example :
15. 58. 163. cS/sawigM) êmQemA^ 6U(rah.(5tL.
15.58.164. u61{r is a particle. The;{:6rnI}ination of the noun denoting time
and this particle indicate a poitjt of-time 'till' or 'from which an action is
peiformed'. Example:
IS. S8i i64. /B/rsfr u^g/iBfiwPojQ^ usfo 6fet_/rBBr(5(6D
fiiBia u^giiDosPajQif ueio sfOL-vrcnrr^GsD
Th(E sentences 15.58.164. usually preceded by another combination of a noun
denoting time and-^()UJ'((5/Bgi. Example:
jBirsvr (eriLQwasPuS'Geouâjjfi^) u^îJDBsf>6uQ{r usfo sfoi_/r6gBTG60
'I was in the bus stand (from eight o'clock) till ten o'clock'.
Sandhi: sujr -h aii.u! > 6u7aiX>.ii)
uuÂa + iS'in.Aarrg] uuf.Aau iSiq.Aair^ (Refer 8.29 in 15.56)
(6U(rv@ii. (Refer S.23 in 5.28)
\
UNIT 15
LESSON 59
DO YOU KNOW READING MARATHI WELL?
DI ALOGUE ^
arGjrei^ ; eun as^ QjSfPujTgi'
IbijrffVLJujiT : GsuGjD uj/r(5<35@ ^sbso/f
' si.Qije^ : Guirffrfi/Piudja^ J B sb so ir
jBjTJiiJujT.: tS/isu(5 îJLJ CTrajGa
Suresh, do you know reading Marathi
well ?
(I) don't know reading; I know speak-
ing (Marathi) a little.
Who else knows reading Marathi
well?
Professor (Sundaram) knows reading
(Marathi) well ?-
Where will he be now ?
u/r. eSfgj sTorasT ?
/B(r*uJiiJ/r ; ^g/ gi jBswruGigsjGi
sjar(5 uiflL/ffiu. iDjrir^s^
uS'G eoQ lu 6Bii).j5ii)
wGâ^ ; /ff (sj s asbgj/riPui'Cso
Gu7/T<#fPujGl(ru uiT(iT)iiia.
(QjQeO, <:9f 6U (5 2_<S6lS'
Guj/r(o)i_ mj E_ (BJ ffi
6T(Lp<S60Tli).
Si-lii ae(T IT Qeo ersir
6bg2/r./P@ 6i/!r<sB
ftGiTffl^ ; ^ LJ u fiu /r ? I D sir ssP -
Q 5(T (gj <SF til G 6U Q su
/B^fflUlUfT : <f(P. / BTSOT Ifl tl (5> li)
Gu(rG(D6sr. 6U!rtLLD(r?
(He) will be in the college. What is
that?
It is a letter from a friend of mine.
His native place is Bombay. He
understands only Marathi. He will
write letters to all only in Marathi.
You meet Professor (Sundaram) in
"the college. He knows writing
Marathi also. So, with his help you
can also have (your) reply to your
friend written in (Marathi).
Is that so ? Can you come now with
me to the college ?
Now? Please pardon me. I have
some work.
Alright. I will go alone; Shall (I)
take leaye of you ?
Please do. '
DRI LLS
a. Variation drill
15. 59. 165.
IS. 59. 166.
s^miaeiTiTQeo 6T65rahlL_& asbgjfl-jPa^ SL/!ri.i>/t ?
rresra tfljrfTiSiS su/riiAdBji Q^/Ptufr^/
eTSBTcS^ LD^riT^^ GUS'^ OjS/PlL/t*.
<i) erarri^ utifir^^ Qu^^
jeresra^
QjSfPiqtD/r ?
(iii) au.fEj@5(g eT<irflh.L-
ffi_/B)<K(Sr5(g
c. Expansion drill
(i) a_mj<S(^6S(3<s QjsrfiijLOfr ?
6ijfr#jS GliSfPiquKr ?
(ii) Gu(r/T^(PuJ(5A@<s Q^fPaîi.
6Uff<#iaBjS QjStPiîn
jB30/r<i Gl^fPiqii
(iii) L.m)aBiâ(^ 6U(raALu)ir ?
Lesson 59 / 491
6T6!nra@ tcjr/r^^ CLJ<9=^ QjS/Piqii).
inifiT^^ Gu*j5 Qja/Piqii
6T6sr<SB@ iDjrirjS^ GLiffjS Q^/Ptqib.
QiS/PuîD/r ? .
Gl^fPiqujir ?
euir^dss^ (olîPiL/LD/r ?
ffi_m;<s5igr5<s@ inifn^^ euirÂa^
OîPu-finir ?
asbgWfPa 6iJ!rah.LD(r ?
avii/r ?
aj!rd5ai.iriiT ?
aebg2yr'P<9B@ eiJ!raai.u>rr ?
Si_mj(gr5@^ GlîPiL/u)/T ?
eu/râa^ Q<S'P'q")(r ?
Gu{r<ri#'rf'uJ(5@j5 <o)^rfi(qic.
Gu(r(Ti##uJ(5@ 6Uffrf'<sa5<s
u{raa>.u)ir ?
^6b@j/rfP@ su!r<ssah.(5uiT ?
(i) Q : a_m/<Big[5a@ mifn^^ 6ii/r#ajS QjS'PiqLDn- ?
(ii) Q: t5/6U([5 îJu erm/Ga ûuir ? ,
(iii) Q: ûu ffi_(Bj(gf5d5@ s7sirffii.i_<B assbgZffrf'a
U!)'i-(5to/r ?
(i) a_mi<SG(gf5<so 6)j/r<^cB^
QjS(PlL/tDT 7
verb accordingly,
ujgu
Guar
Qain
(ii) 6Tfisr<5@ sT(tp<Be4ii QîPtnih.
verb accordingly.
UUf.
QairQ
eijQjr . , .
(iii) C(j(rff^(fluJ(5a(g fiAeCir
eunSA&^ CljSfPiqic.
Substitute
Csuatflff
2_PE)aigT5a@u uiq-aa^ Q^(fiu./ixirr ?
a_is/a(ST5(g er(ip^^ QîPiqip/r ?
a_/Ei(gr5(aB@ siJGltruj^ Gl^fPiLjiiiT ?
a_mia(6J5@a= (olauJtujS GljSfPiqmn- 7
STSsrAf^ eT(ipêtfih QîPiL\th.
eresrasigij uu^-Asemh Qîfu-jw.
CT65r<9S@<B G)(T(5<BffiSJJti) (Slîf'u./tD.
GLJ!rir.îfiuj(5iX(îS Qa/r(g$<7Lb
Gu7fr#(f'ujc5@ Gsuamir
(iv) ft_m/(g5ii@ EU!ri.u)ff ?
(i) ffresra^ su/r<#a(S^ (ol^/Piqiii.
eT6sr<B@ eT(jpjS;S CljS'PiL/ii).
sTSBTaS(gLi LJH).iffijB QjafPiL/tb.
6T65r@ suGljruj^ QjS'f'iqLb.
(ii) CT6sras@ euQpriUjS Q^rfiiL/tr).
ffrsora CT(ip^^ GljEiPu-fii).
eT6'9r<9B(gLJ UlI).cSiS5<S Q<S(fU^LD.
(iii) CTesraig elin-cfPaa^ <a)<srf iqii).
ffTfisra^ euGliTUj^ (ol<3rfuîii.
eT6!ir<a@ &T(jpjS^ Q^fPu./ix).
CTSOTiKÛ UlI).<95ajS Q^rPlL/U).
Lesson 5P /
@6U(gi5(g su!raah.tonf ?
^nj(!5@ 6u[rai.t)/r ?
2l_(E)(gr5<SS^ 6T(Jpj5}S QfilPlLjLDIT ?
a.^m/a(gTâ@LJ i-i(ij.<x<95(S (ol^fPiL/tofr ?
uj(r(5<B@ suGljrujjS Q^fPii/Lb ?
ujrr^dBi^ 6T(tj)^^ (o)<a/Pi4ifl ?
uj/r(5a@ij uti}.<BjS. QîPu-fih ?
ujrr(5<95(getiiTÂa^ Q^fttfih 1
ereira^ 6w(ol(ruj^;Gl^rf'uj(rg/.
eT9r<S|dj ST(ip^^ QjS/Puj/rg/.
sT6inr<s@u LJiq.j8 Q^/Piun-gii.
EXERCI SES
below.
' _ , Model: ^subrruGigBjQi- (letter)
(0 @J6T.. uijbuiriu. (native place)
(ii) iWSU" .. + g)<o1t_ u^fib cT(ip^si)irti). (help)
(iii) fiirek QuirGpeir. (only)
h. Include the infinitive form of the verb given in parentheses against each of
' the sentences as shown in the example.
Example: a_niiaig5@iS (o)<a/Pi4U)fr ? (su(r#)
(i) sresraÂ (o)/rffii) QîPinih. (Guar)
(ii) .aisu* psboJiTjS QjSrPiqijb. (ffTctpg/Jl
4941 An Intensive Cowx in Tamil \
I, Writc.theword represented, by the formula.
Example: 6 T ^ ^ CT(jp^ + Infinitive
(i) U(r# + Infinitive :......i
(ii) Gu + Infinitive :
(iii) iceirsrfl + Infinitive :
|, Frame questions for the answers given below following the model.
Model: sTStrra^ su/r^dss^ QjSrPiqir.
uj/r(5 suiTiâsBjB GljBlPiqji ?
(i) ST6Bra@ CTdPiZjB Q^BiPiqin.
(ii) sresrAiû uu^sa^ QîPtLfih.
(iii) CTSBTiBig cuGljriUjB QjS/PiL/ii).
(i) CTS5r@ su/Ti#<BjS QjSfPtqii).
(ii) tS/ttjgj/a m^ffjS^S iDil"! L/iPu-Zii-
(iii) STffltra@u uii}.;S GlîPiqii).
(iv) ^sujijasig 6T(ip^sijii) Q^s/Piîi.
1. Make up ten sentences in the pattern.
Subj. (Dat) + Inf + QjSfPiqii) |
QjSrPuJ/rg/ I
Model : Cup-.TJ'/PuJ((5o + 6u/r#ffi + QjS/PtqLb..
(i) SL-iiisiQâ^^ fiiSyi /sebeuir euirÂa^ Qjsrf>tqiri/r ?
(ii) a_n5J6Bf^fiiPiua^ @lim ctieiC* ^ûuir ?
(iii) S-iiia LnQesreiSiA^^ jSii'tp ffrîjijSjS Q^ff iqinir ?
(iv) 2i_mia LoQesre^ aisf.îh sra^^t^mimefTiT ? '
(v) nsjs H-iiia unQesreâi^ stuuli Lj^d) ^(ipgijeafmis ?
(vi) si_mja6rr/TQso âiiijpGsoGuj aitj-jsic ffT(ipja aP^-'W""f ?
VOCABULARY
aiq-jSii) 'letter' (olff(rjB<s siar(5 'native place'
Ujfisb 'reply' u^S) 6T(tpg; 'reply'
GRAMMAR
15.S9.16S. A reference has been made in the previous lesson about the use
of the auxiliary verb ,.(5tb. We use this verb in the sense '(it is) possible'
'(it) can be done' etc., in this lesson. See the following examples.
Lesson 59 j 495
IS- 59. 165. SL.miaefTn(o\eoêisTSn-iA ofibgjT'fa 6U!r<x<9h.ix)/r ?
It has the instrumental form as its subject.
1S.S9.166. (o1jS(PiL/in/(olj5(Pujnrg; also has the function of an auxiliary verb
wheii it is added to the infinitive form of a verb. Example :
1S.S9.166. eresra^ wifiT^fi Gus^^ QîPiLfih.
Sandhi: ajrrfies + QîPiun^ ? euirÂa^ Qîf lurrgu
Gua + CljEfPii/ii) > OuajS (o1}B'PU-/U)
sxijT + ai.(jJiD/r -> 6iJ!raa>.u)/T (Refer S.29 in 15.56)
CT(tpjS +SL.lh ^ CTcip^si/iij
ÛL) + ^> îjusuff (Refer S.9 in 1.7)
afifag2/riP + ^Gct) ab92/T,ffiii'Co
a-jsn? + f)GlL_~> a_jSfiiS'Gflj/r(o'i_
tS/L/uaj. + c9/Liuii).iu(T (Refer S,7 in 1.5)
LESSON 60
WHAT SHOULD I DO IN THE MORNING?
DI ALOGUE
(jpffjBjS : aeorr, ^miGs GT en m
so/r; (S)ai(oten-uj(rCjD<ir, ûuir?
(tpfT^jf : ^fiiGs aiiTl arrOeouS'G'eo
QeuQefTiuiTL-AahA-rTf^.
a ir Q CO ui> G >} iJti).656s-
@pu>... a= IT tu til aiT 03ih
Q eu Q err lu fT L_ u>....
QîPtqîT ?
Kala, what are you doing there?
(I) am playing, daddy.
Come here I... (You) must not play
in the morning... (You) must play
in the evening... Do you understand" ?
aeoiT : sîPiuuuit.
Alright, daddy.
QuiiaiGeijemiiTiDn 7
seoir: Gun @i/ ib.^..^ li U D n
GstiQeoiun â^'hynsia.
îhian jS/rGsur 6Tir(ol657-
(tpiifi^ : ^liimirei/aa/raa mn^0-
aaaauiir^. ^ G lu
aeon
rSi u i-l p ih, anQeouêo
ermesT GlaUliuj^Lb ?
aeon : irj-irsfo uiiirTwrG6iJSB57-i_/rii3(r? Won't I have to dress (myself) ?
Less6n60/ 497
Don't you have to go to school ?
(Yes) I should go.J-Mothfet is busy
at work. Isn't the mothet who
should bathe me ?
(You) must not wait for mother. You
should bathe yourself.
Then, what should (I) do in the
morning ? . .:
Then, (you) should eat (your) tifBny
(breakfest).
@i; u). usfrsrPa ah.i_^-
S/GsD ^ rP uj (5 <x
eu esst a a iL 6) a ir eb-
LDfPiu/rQ^ ujiij
i.L_/Tgi. Gu/ir J ^litpir
. anfi^cQo^jiffiiia.
asDir: a/Piuuu/r.
(You) should dress yourself at nine
o'clock... (You) should go to school
at nine thirty... (You) should greet
yourteacher in the school.., (You)
.shquld not show disrespect to the
teacher. Go I Mother is waiting.
Okey, daddy.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill,,
15.60.167. /Bffsir CTfflr^ QauJuJgBp/ii) ? ' '
0 êiretPALi^^^s^tlf Guna^piih.^^ ^.
IS. 60. 16S, /'affSleDuSCso QfiuGlen-ujirL-AaLil/rg;.-^
îhutneiiAansA anî^(i^saAa>.L-ni. ,
4981 An InUnsive Ceutse in Tamil
b. Build up drill
(i) jB(r6Br ersBTSirr QffiiJuj@iJir) ?
(ii) jffCuj (getPaaîi).
(iii) LJ6rrstf'ai.L_jS^(gLt
Gu/raÛii
LJSTr6TP(SBah.i_<Sg/6B@
(iv) ^ ffiirQsouJ'.Gso QsuQTrujTL_a
QsuQsTTOJ/TL-
/r(ol60uJ'G60
(v) /ff c9<")U5(TV'r aiT^^-
cS/iim/rsi/aa/ra
c. Expansion drill
(i) jBTsar ereiresr Q.7uJuj@2/ii) ?
eTfeoi boi
@j/in ?
(ii) GuiTsGeusmiiTwiT 7
Geuemu-iTUiiT ?
(iii) QeuQeiTiuiTiA i.i_i7^.
oirOsottSGco QoiQariuat-Â
aij_rgi
/B/resr srmssr (SlauJujûLO ?
6T65T6Sr SldFUJUJ^tn ?
^TSBT ST6BT6ffr (ol*liJtL"=)/tb ?
/fGiu ig6iPcaa@i/u).
GuiTSîiib.
Gunsâih ,
u6fr6f'a<sh.L_jSg/<sB(SU Guiraîi
Gufraîi).
6B/TQ60U5'GSO QeuQernuiri-s
<i-ITgl
Q6ii(olsir.iufri_>.i_ Tg)
65/r(o)60ai'G60 (o)6u06irujrrL_<ian.L-/Tgj
^ aiTQeou3Geo QeuQemuiriA
^liinTei/aa/ra* a^^âaa .
^ ^liiflirsi/aaB/raa /r^^(5a
jBrrsir ermssr Qaujujâtri ?
/BfTsir 6B(rQ60ui'GfiU sTsJrsBr QauJiu-
ggl/ifl ?
CuiraGsuaAriLDir ?
^ uefrfiTfiaovijs^d5(gju Gurfds
CsiJMri_/TLD/r ?
G)suQflrujiri-. i.i_(rg;.
jf anOeouSGeo GkuQerriuitiJa
Lesson 60 / 499
d. Question-At\swer drill
(i)
Off uJujai.L_ ir /.
Q: c9jieiCp< ffresrsar usstrr^Csp ?
A : Qj(o)fitrttjn-(5C(Dfi5T.
(ii) Q : jff u6fr6TP<iffl..L_ssg/^(SL/ Gu/ra 06ii6im_TU)/r ?
A : Gu(r@uii).
(iii) Q: ûqpii as/rQsou^Cso ffrssrsur QauJujûu) ?
A: cSjUL/JDii Jq^LisJr a/riJLpiÛto.
(iv) Q : îbuiirjSffGeBT- ersiTQssra STPuuTiliîi) ?
. A : îhiDireijA&iTss ix/r^^(5dS65is an.iiT^.
0Qiu (QeiPAa^th.
E. Substitution drill
(i) $ un).i<B@yir).
verb accordingly.
QeuQsfriuirQ
QUIT
@srPuu/Til
Qcy/rebgjj
(ii) jff (Dlaj(S1srruj(rL_<Bi9n.i_frg/.
Substitute and cha.nge the
verb accordingly.
(gsrPuu/nl
Oa/rsbgu
Gu)T
S T P
UUf.
lol>jQe?rujn'i_^2/u).
/f GuT6B@l/ti).
(gsrPuu/nlL-Û).
(ola/rebeu^Lo.
Gl6uClOTUJfrL_ai.i_rrgj.
^ @SrflJUTLLL_65<Sh.l_irgJ.
(o1a/ret;)e06sa>.L-.n'^.
Gu/fisaAi.L.n'^.
jff <sn'<Sjd5isa<9h.iir^.
^ (g6Tp6s GsvemtliTth'.
(gCTPuLJiTLLi Geuem>inb.
Guita Geêmiaih.
QsiiQetTiuni Getieminih.
QsuGleiriuirL-A'ffi..L./rgj.
^siPuu/ru-L-a <sh.i_(Tgi.
jBTfiir 6Tir65r QûjujfpiJb ?
jB/rir,CT65r6ijr (S1<9=UJIIJ@J/U) ?
/BireiT ermenT Qa'iuiuûih ?
EXERCI SES
below.
Moddr f snQsouSiGeo + ah.L_nrgj. (play)
/ff, airQanuSGeo QsuQmujTiA uL.(rg/.
i (i) c9/tiu)/rerarQafT (irfmis. (bathe)
(ii) tS/uqpifl, finest' Gpm. (dress)
h. Include the infinitive forrii of the verb given in parentheses against each of
the sentences as shown, in the example.
. Exiatnple': a=(rujm//rsotn..- .^fiih, (QevQerTiufr(S)
9irujmiaiTeoih QeuQeirtuiri^fiih.
(i) îhuiiT^trGesr ermQesrA @au). (êiPiliuirCQ)
(ii) f îhiDiteijAartsA....... ^l i . (sir^â^)
(iii) ;?Ciij û). (@eiP)
(iv) snQeouSGeo cTssrsir fgjyin ? (Qa'iu)
(v) ^z^îPttJcja 6UsterLb. ^ l i . (Qâ&igu)
i. Fill in the blanks using the prohibitive form of the verbs given in paren-
theses. '
{i) $ airQeCttSGeo., (QeuQeninir)
{Hy f x9ithu>nei)AairaA (î^^^CS)
(iii) t^îPiuQtr.- (êuLDîuirQ^ Cl*uj)
(iv) îhwiT ereArQeinA (QsrPuuffLL)
f. Transformation .drill
(i) fitroT ^êiPAaiîb.
jBirssr QeuQemuiriîiih.
(ii) jBffSBT QeuQefTiuaiîiih.
fitrm (ajefPuuiiiLLj.^)lih.
ffitreisr Guiraîih.
(iii) j êrfaaîi).
f GuiTo^jlih.
jff OsiPuuirilL-gp/Lb.
Lesson 60 1 501
j. Write the word represented by the formula. . ,
Example: uu^&x uisf. + Infinitive
[i) QeuQen-iuiKS + Infinitive : ^
'(ii) @firPL/u(rLL(5 + Infinitive:
(iii) aiT^â^ + Infiiiitive : .;...
(iv) @6TP + Infinitive:
(v) Qffiu + Infinitive: .'.
(vi) usOTTîf + Infinitive :
(i) 0 @srP65@i;ii).
(ii) /ff (gfifuufftlt_gpii). >
(iii) 0 GuT@i/U),
(iv) jff QstiQefriuniîh,
1. Frame questions for the answers givejn below following the model.
Model : 0 (gsyPaa^to.
(i) 0 QeuQefnuiTiîii.
(ii) /ff CuTûm. ^ ^
(iii) 0 etiijîiih.
(iv) 0 (garPiliuiriliî/ix).
m. Make up ten sentences ill the pattern,
Subj. + Inf. + ffi..i_/rg/
Model: 0 + (olsu<oln-uj(rt_ + aK.L_(r^.
(i) 0iiia STJSJBGISBT loessPs^ @6sr6foiij.ii}.(tiL-a@LJ Quir&îh ?
(ii) ^nsja Gi]ÛL{Qeo .^.^fPuj* euemaaih Qa^rrebeoîna ?
(iii) c^^/PuJQir ÔJUHPUJITQ^ Offiuiuaah-iir^, êbQeo 7
(iv) uinemeuiBJX sirQeouSGeo Qe\j(o)efTUJiTiAsn.iiTgi, ^ B J C S O 7 ,
VOCABULARY
cSffB/Cas 'there' QsuOsimuff ' 'play'
erPiJLjnril 'bathe' iq.(r6nj /dress'
jq-irsro uem^ 'wear, as clothes' . cS/sutD/PiUffCl^ 'disrespect'
5021 An Inteftsive Course in Tamil
GRAMMAR
15.60.167. The infinitive form of a verb srssrarr G>l a=uIJ is the corresponding
question of the infinitive form of the main verb with which the auxiliary verbs
are added. Example:
IS. 60. 167. finwT erssrssr QffuJujgpii ?
We mentioned in the lessson 15.55 that the auxiliary verb-^tb has the
meaning of 'command'. See the following examples.
15. 60. 167. fiQvu @6Tf aaîb.
ÔuJ usfrsrp65ffii.i_<5gj<B@L/ Qutraîh.
"S} is an emphatic marker. Example :
15. 60. 167. jgGiu (gsrPasa^Mti).
IS.60.16%. 3n.L.rrgi 'must not/should not' is although similar with ah.(Sih in
formation, this auxiliary verb implies that a prohibition is imposed not to carry
cut en action. Example;
IS. 60. 168. 0 airQeouS'GeoQeuQeTrujiiL.iah.i-.n^.
Sandhi: GlsuQeirujiri + >.i_fr^ > (ol6)jGl6riij/ri_<5ahuL_/Tg/
GlffuJiu + Sn.L.iTgi -> (o)fftiJHJ<9h.L_/rg; (Refer S.29 in 15.56)
v_irg/. (Refer S.25 in 10.42)
UNIT 16
LESSON 61
WITH THE STATION MASTER
DIALOGUE
ei-Circi^ : etonir ! iD(ruJ6U[r^gi(gM
Gu(r{D(ru5'fii3 ertliu
U(5ib ?
Sir, when will the train that goes to.
Mayuram come ?
(It) should have Come at 10 o'clock...
Today (it is) late by forty minutes.
So, (it) will come at ten forty.
Where do you want to go ?
Up to Mayuram* sir.
0ma GunaeonQiD ?
tFrQife^ : ejmim.... 7 U^ÎÎTUU^
(TiiS'sbCsD Qif IT LbuA
aîLiwiT ^0ai@m/r 7
etoGio^m iniraoiif : G an Qi
6lS'(5(ip<Sl(D M T (5 IBi
QdâirQ6STu3GeouS(!T,fi^
eup ifuSAiGebQtuAi-
eoniL Qjrnihua OiiL-iinn
sn)Gi_6i%6irCS6W L/sfOjsaijb
iS^JD G<SS!litTl.g)/6S|glJ
ffi * @ mj G a
6T 6b so /T u L;6fOjScy3ii
*G!r6%; ^ ( BJ G ^.aGlffiil Qair-
<a(g(D Q 6rr 6BiFr i_ n
gjm/ 7
6foGi_6ijsBr LD/7sfOL_ir ; ^ G jS/r .'
arC(r6i% : Q^nihu fimrSiiia-
DRILLS
If that is so, you can go very welf by
the incoming train now ?
Why, sir...? Will there be much
crowd in the ten forty train ?
yiou see, (this) is summer vacation...
It will be crowded in the trains that
are coining from Madras.
Is that so? is there any bookshop
in this railway station ?
There is a shop near the canteen
which is in the third platform - All
the bobks are available there.
In which side is the ticket issuing
counter here ?
Look there I That is the counter.
Thank (you) very much; sir.
a. Variation drill
16. 61. 169. (SWsiirSleaTui'GsoaS'o^Bg/ eu(o (Tui'sbGeo an.iLi~u>it
LD/ruj6Vj(r^^@u Gunp (ruJ'sb cruu siiîn ?
^ (B/ G Lf.aQaiL QanQa^p <ola6rrssBn_/f S T / BJ S L I
@/B<s iru56bG6u .6foGt_6i%65rG60 LjcfOjSaib eiSa^p
aQi ^(iÂ^^miasrrn 7
Lesson 61 / 505
b. Build, up drill
(i) _Q9esTQei!tu3Qeou3((f)P)^ en p
jrojifibCcD OuiLiiniT â^gii.
I . L L I _ . U ) T
iruSebGeo
6V/(D
(ii) iiDffuj6ii!rj5gi<B@u Guirg)
(rui'sb CTuu 6iJ(5ii ?
6TLIU eu(rîh ?
iD/rttj(SU7j5g;<B@Li Guirpo
(iii) ^/B-SirufsbCsucfoCi-s^fiBTCso
qsfpjSsic fflJa^jD aQi @c!5~
<s@îsiaerr/r ?
iTuêbCSeu efoGc&ân-Geo
(iv) {Tujieb u<sSJ ^nuugia^
jruJ'sbCfiD ah-tlt-iB/r âîi.
i.ilt_i>(r ^(5(gu)
(TuiiebQeo ..ili_u)(r âigti
eup fruffibdso <sh.L.i_iin ^(5(gir)
Q<F6sr(oi6iirtti'(6DiL?(5;Bgi sup
{TuJ'ebCsD !i.L.i_t)/r â^m.
ii3(ruJ6U!rjSg/@L/ Cuirp (ruJa)
6TUIJ 6U(5li) ?
CTLJU 6J(5lb ?
yufsb CTIJU 6U(5Lb ?
^jBjS jroi'ebGsu 6foGL_6%6BTGfiO
^diaeniT ?
aQi ^â^gfiiiiaeniT 7
gj/Biacn-iT ?
(Tui'ebGaj 6fuGi_6^>esrGeo qefuôui
oâ^p dsQi ^({ga^giiG/oerrir ?
^jBjS (ru^WbCoj 6fbGi_a%sBiGo
L/6f0;2au> ei?is^p aOi ^(iâ-
^liiaseiTiT 7
6U(5U>
(j^^ jBiruuô eu(tîh
etuuu Gun^tb ?
eruuu Gurr^jih ?
c. Expansion drill
(i) ^fi^juS^mGeu eivGi-a^Geo
^(!^sîr6iaefTiT 7
(ii) ^ ( E J O QasfTsmin er^û
(o1d5iriJrTL_ff GTfiûuAaih
(iii) ^/BjS (rtt5fii3S T L J U I I J Guirîh 7
Gu/r@ifi ?
(iv) (rojlsb ej()5tfl.
Oriifsb u3/rujsj(r^g/@
ffTUuu GuiTîh 7
eruuu GuiTîh 7
ifi(riuU!r^;@ eruuu Guirîh ?
(ruffib U3/ntJoU7jBgJ@ emjuu
eruuLj Gu(f@ii) 7
^^<S 7(i5'6bGsU 6foGl_61%6S7-GfiO
^j6<s {ruJêbGeu eruGt-eiêBrGeo
gimjassrr/r 7
^ ( BJ G (olsrraiirri_/f ffr^BjSLJ
^rsiGa iq-tsQaLL <o)a(rS|^p
Qaenemiii er^û uAaih
7
^^jB ûSai eruuu Gumîh 7
ûiifib Ujs^ jBfruu^<9S(3 euu>.
(i)' Q: w)T(f/iDTaJ6U7s5j(gu GuTp ûJsb CTUU sutc ?
A: Uj^/Biruug/aigiim.
V r (ii) Q ^m/ffi STfBjGffi Guira^tb ?
(iii) Q: ejmia-7u^^ /Bfruugy (rui'sbGfiO (olsrinLiJa i.LLi_LDir
A : ' Qa=5r0ifrii5'G6Uii5';BgJ sup (rui'sbGsoQaJsbsoirib
Q{rrru>us Ot-iLiLcrr ^(Sîii.
(vi) Q: ^liiGa iq.AQsiL (l(r@(D SlasrreroTL-fr eT<SjSiJ
A: ,s|GîT ! ^^jsrrnsia (olcfirrfsisTiir.
fe; Substitution
;, Q-a err irr i_ if ejiiiGa
verb accordingly.
er
(ii) n/ruJsii!r^gj@L/ Gutjd
{Tufeb ffTMLJ eu(jû> ?
verb accordingly.
SUIT
qpuu
(iii) (ruSsb 6TUU su(5ii) ?
verb suitably.
QUIT
GlaStriri'L;
(iv) jTUJPsb STL/U SUCJJIX) ?
Substitute
usfo
air a
f. Transformatioti drill
(i) wiTtusuf^gio^ Quitp ;ru^sb
Liuen 61 / 507
isÂQaC Gla/r@{D Qasn-ssifTiir
(if.sQdSLl. 6xi/rmj|^p 1<xsn'69sri_n'
STfElGffi ^(5(gg/ ?
i4.<oTa5il ffT@(D S)*rrBTi_/f
STIGiGdS ^<x^ ?
ii).aQdSLL si?6S@fD (o)<9S6n-cnri_if
sriBjGa @(|5<sB@gif ?
q.QLL <S{D Sl6)frwn_;f erwGa
u3(rujsu(riSg/@u Gu/r/D (riii'A
CTUU 6Uc5Ub ?
u5TUJS)J!riSgi@ sup (ni5'sb sruu
u3(raj6)J7iSgi@qtJb ?
{ruSiw) STUU 6U(!5U) ?
eiissirTb). sruu suîi) ?
usfo STUU eu(5ib ?
ff/r STiJu 6U(5ii) ?
?riGjGa Guirp jru5>6b u^j^
jBinJU^65|S 6U(lgU> ?
(D)asrr!rori_/T âsigg; ?
{TuiifibCeo Oi-tli-Lon- @(5a@u).
îGjda sT6beo/7(J qefu<sa(ipm
EXERCI SES
below.
Model: îdlsbCgU Qfririhu + ^ âîi. (crowd)
jruJebGfiO Qifiribus i.ili_u)ir ^âîb.
(i) qsfOjSaio siSiagrD â^g/nB/asmr ? (shop)
(ii) ^g; iq-aQail G)//(5<3B(S{d (counter)
(iii) priifet) u<sg/ messPAi^ irnnueuijth to. (reach)
h. Change these sentences- into present relative participles.
Model: (ruSifib u>n-tusu!rjSgiA@L'Gu/r(gg|.
ic(ruj6ii{riSgJ@L/ Gutrp (ruJfib....
(i) ûJfib ûu su^. I
(ii) isQi_ Gasmis-Âû uaa^^Geo â^g/y
(iii) GseoTiB-eiT (ipi^v)eu^ iSefrniLuiTif^^Geo â^-
i. Fill in the blanks using the relative participle (present) form of the verbs
(i) u)ffiL(fiU!rjBg/@Lf ...(riL?ffl3C T L / U eu(!]}ih ? (Guir)
(ii) ^tliu... jrui>EbGoGuj ;fI G J A Gu/Tasu/r(i>. (suit)
(iii) ^/&0 L/efoâii... 0i_ ffrii/Qa ôôg/ ? (fiiJsb)
(iv) m.Qil ; Qaenemiif erffiû uaatc Asg/ ?
(Glatr)
jrofffljOsii eioGi-a^Geo
qsfUjsaLD eiâ^p aQi_
qefUjsau) eS'A^p aQi_
Lfemrili-i/rirjSg/Geo i).a<oltl
Qair(SA^p Qaenmriii
(ii) jTui'eb u^g] fiiruuâi^
jTiti'sijGeo ..ili_u)(r ^/B^gi.
jTuJ'sb iJ^Q(g)insB5p@<9=
e$//GjGa ffrebeonu Lfefoâ(ipd>
LessonSf / 509
j. Join each of these paire of simple sentences into a complex one as shown in
the model given below.
Model : i;u3e6 eruu suîi ?
jruj'sb tD/Tujsuir^gya^LJ (5u/r@jjy.
tD(7UJii(r<agjiS@Li CujrjD (rui'sb eruu eu(jT)ih ?
(i) ;f nua (TuiisbGeoGuj Gu/rasOffGin ?
(ii) GasTOTifi.@)/(giJ L/aBffi^gjGso gj aQi @(!5iSgi-
GasBJn-iiteBr (yD(gJ5)6ugj iJfirrfriluirirjSgiGso
k. Write the word represeiited by the formula.
Example : Gurp Gu/r + Rel. Part. (Present)
(i) sun- + Rel. Part, (Present) :
(ii) ^(T 4- Ret, Part. (Present) :
(iii) u(r(5' + Rel. Part. (Present) : ........
(iv) siSisb -I- Rel. Part. (Present) :
(v) ^(5 + Rel. Part. (Present) :
(vi) QaaQ + Rel. Part. (Present) :
(viii) Ga(5 + Rel. Part. (Present) :
1. Change the underlined word or group of words to its corresponding
question.
(i) ijuSeo UjSgj firruugia^ 6U(5ii).
(ii) ^(TsiJr U3(ruju(r^^@L; Qurrsîh.
(iii) Qii<a@rD QasrrowiLit ^fi^tls uaaii) J@c5*S''
(iv) G6!ranffi.g);<B@tj uAa^^Gso sp sQi ^(5@g/.
m. Change the given nouns into the locative and add at the left to the verb
(i) (niS'eb : fiiiia QunaeonQw 7
(ii) 6Y0Gi_ffl%6ir : Ljeioâib eiS'Ai^p (o)i_ @(5gi.
(iii) iSenITCuirIfih : Gasmis-m
n. Join the following according to the sandhi rule.
(i) uaaii) + ffl-Gso ;.r a^Ci-il) + S L - G S O ;
tuiTUJsiiifih + S-Gso : qsfoâaiB + a_CsD :.
LS>6fTiTiLuiririh + ffl_Go ;
(i) Qo'OfrQmuS'GeouSa^figi sups tj>(5^jsircuesr eraeiOLSfrek)
S101 An Intensive Course in Tamil
(i i ) i L .mf a sas {ruJ fbS cu c ^ L ^ ^ ^
{iii) iitâam^ ffuS^mi 6^
. iSinntLunif^îied 6Mmu:.m â^^gi ?
. (iv) c9îSj!BGairQL. )S>(ykf^(5 0mia eiiiiGs GuniSiiia ?
(v) jfmia sfir(5aja^ Guir(p fuStc^mi QifirihuA OLilt-Lonr
g|(5ifliT 7
VOCABULARY
fiiTUUgt 'forty'
'crowd'
oSQdfiQlp 'vacation'
iSefTiriunifih 'platform'
GRAMMAR
16>61.169. So far we dealt with the internal structure of various simple
sentences in fifteen units. This Unit starts with the complex and compound
sentences of Tamil. This lesson introduces the relative participle or verbal
adjective. It precedes and qualifies the nouns or the noun phrases as other
adjectives (Refer 1.4). Like adjectives this also cannot be declined. In addition
to this, it does not show any gender or number distinction agreeing with the
subject which it precedes. This Unit in seven lessons elaborately deals with
present relative participlp (Lesson 61), past relative participle (Lesson 62),
negative relative participle (Lesson 63), present and past participial nouns
(lesson 64, 65 and 66) and negative participial noun (lesson 67). The relative
participle is formed by adding the suffix to the verb stem consisting of a
verb root and tense marker. Example:
16. 61. 169. QaêirQmufQeouSa^fi^ eup i}u3&>Geo
tciriuaijTjBâ^Li Guirp ifu3&) eruu eU(t^th ?
Note that eup and Guap are relativeparticiples. They qualify the following
noun JTuJ'sb as other adjectives. As they are derived from the verb roots euir
'come', and Guir 'go' they are called verbal adjectives. The verb roots are
conjugated for present tense here. Example: eup (rid'sb, Guirp jrui'sb,
Cl6Bfr(5@p QxenemiiT, eSÂ^p sQi etc.
Sandhi 30. -tin is dropped before the honorific marker -miss. Example :
îrdr + riia ^nriia
icfTtuajifih + ffl_@ -> i)//uj6ij[rjSg;@
i3eiTiTL-uiiifih + O-Geo iS'etrtrL-uiT^^^Geo
uAsih + ffl_Gso u<BiSgjGso (Refer S. 17 in 2.13)
QiftTihu + i.tlL_ujn- -> Gljrirtiua ahutlL-iDn (â^mir ?)
(Refer S.14 in l.ll)
e9fLJUlffl.(B/ + t% ûui&.miaeiTiT ?
igSgP5i + - @(a*<5ainsj6T7(T 7 (Refer S.27 in 15.55)
u^l. fiauu^ 'ten forty'
GXITQI 'summer'
Gff 'reach'
QaensmiiT 'counter'
UNIT 16
LESSON 62
A B O U T A F I L M
DIALOGUE
{BjrffiLflutr : rG(Tî, 0mis O^SjS^ Suresh, what film did you sec yesto
?
*0(r^ ; ^ttTfiJir/rami.sfr' unir^- ^ 'Apoorvaragangal', (It is) Bala-
QisOr. untoa^fi^GtrnQL. chandar's film.
ui-.ib.
Mîuiun : ttîiiaâf^Ci u n- eo- Do you like vetyftiuch all the fiUns
*jB;S/f sT@flj iJi_Qu3- produced by Balachandar ?
Gappih' u i_ <s G1 jS u
uir/TjSj^fBiafiTrff ?
fbifO'iuiuit ; ^mff, ; BI ).Q d'îBemi
IbUfS'ff uiih^nGesT.... ?
CljT/niiJ /Bfibso ui_ijb.
-C(ra% .u/ra)*^^/r 6TjSiS
CTsbeuiru ui_/&06rriqu)
aJi- 'c9/6usfr GljSfr-
Q^/niiJU iS'iq.S^ ut_ii)..
fi^îuiuir : CTsrdS|gu) c9< uM U)- jS
G) jS ff 1 <B'S) J S ' ui" C U
- . - u/TfiOffjBjS'T er (ip eur
^yjiL 'cS/tiifeujrirami-
65 err' CJ to @ sb Q eo,
@6bQ6U/BJffl617-/r ?
9rG(r6>% : c%)ijOirns/a.... /ffm/a Q<7fTb-
nij6fr'Co ^B^-a/f io60
fUDtSFar QifiTihu GggiTfur
fiffO'iuiuiT: Ui IT mi a
DRILLS
a. *' Va Ha t i oh d r i l l
1'6. 62. 170.
Yes, sir. He is a good director. Did
you see 'A ran get ram', the film
produced by him ?
Yes, isn't the film in which the
actress Pramila acted ?... (It) is a very
good film. ^
Of all the films produced by Bala-
chandar, it is the film 'Aval oru
Thodarkathai' that I liked most...
What about you ?
Same is (true) for me too. The depth
of the dialouge written by Bala-
chandar in 'Aval oru Thodarkathai'.
is not found in 'Apoorvaragangal'
isn't it ?
Yes, sir... The point you are making
' is Very correct. But in 'Apoorvarahan-
gal' the actor Kamalahasari acts very
well.
^ g/ YeiB, sir..; That is true.
^1 i3tfiRe(ta /Btj).** uCih.
eranA^ Qfrrriiuu LSij).A^th,
Lmtt^miaeniT ?
Lesson 621 513
b. Build up drill
(i) t^g/ d'ifiSerrir piq^^s' utib.
UL-lh
\3ijiBefTiT
(ii) 0iiia Qa=(r6bg2j/D u/riiJPsrorLl
uiTu3emC
(iii) ;fffBi uffsoff^îr <BUJ/rfPa=ff
uirii^îiiaemT ?
'c9/7iBiG(r)rDi)'
0mia
(}v) '^njsfr 6^(5 (o)în_if acin^*
iJili) ,
c. Expansion drill
(i) ?/gJ uitn.
iStfiSenir iBuâ=if UL-lh
(ii) jffmia u/fifji^nsiaefrir ?
Cafopu)' uftti^^maenii ?'
(iii) eftgl ULitb. i
i3ifiefTn ^Ji )-<9=a= ui_ii.
jfciij.#ff uitn
i3ffiSsrriT /Btij.** 'ui_tr)
^Sig; i3!fienn fii^.s'ff uith,
0mia (o)ffffsb@2;!D u/ruj'sireTtL
(oljrTiiiu<9= 3=iP.
uiriii'sifSTL. Q^/ruiua ffiP
QarrfibgjjjD uiruS'sBbTL. (Sl^/riiiu* ^rf"
^m/<s5 utreO'SfffiîT guj(r/P<fa
'c9/(r(EjG{Dp3U)' uiTit^^miaaTiT ?
'c9/(r(5iG(DrDtb* u/r/rgj^miffisirir ?
Li/T6p*rBg/r ,g!iJfrrf'#^ '^jriBi..
GajDptb' uirlf^^miaerTir 7
firiia uireoa^fiâ guj(r(P<J=a=^
'^(rmiGapjDLo' Liir/f^ss^rajdBSTnr ?
't9/6U6fr 6p(5 Qg/TLlf ffiSBJjS'
6T6SrÛ LS'lq.a=^ l_ll_U).
ijiuj.#ff uiih
CT6!nr@u L PU ) . ** ui_tb
',:9/6U6Tr (o1g(ri_/fa65)g'
fftsifragu d'u).**
,S/gi UL_li).
reia uirT^^nsj<96n-ir ?
'^fiitCSa0pih' uiTiT^îaasefTiT ?
d. Question-Answer drill ^
(i) Q : jfffE/a GfBjSgJ eresresr ui_ii unrffg<mi ?
A : '^y,T6U7(rfBja6fr' UfrirjgGjseir.
(ii) Q: S-m&\r^&f9fU une09fi^n srQ;s.^p Ui .maQefreoeorrih
Qijrnihuu iS'uf.AiîniT 7
A : îniriiia.
(iii) Q: 'tS/suefr gs (olgfri_fr6iDg'j8(r , B T Gl^/rtiuu
LPuj-iJFff ui_Lb...-a_mj6B(5r5@ 7
A : eTSisr@Lb ^s/uutij-giS/rreias.
(i) iStjiBenn fiiq.iFff- UL-W.
verb accordingly.
6T
Gu/r
(ii) ;ff/Eia Q<f/rfibgjijD u/rui'sijiinl
verb accordingly.
G(i(5
Guar .
UU).
(iii) /BJ eresrarir ut_ii un-frg-
^mja ?
Substitute
rfiffltPin/r
/BTlSLD
c9<y iS'ijiBefTiT 6TjSg ui_ii.
c9/g/ L?!riÔT/T uirifjSg ui_ii).
tSjgj i3if\efTn Qunesr ui_ii).
fBjs (o1a=/r6bg2;{D u/Ta56ronl fffP.
/ffiBias Ga@p u/rof'aiirrL. a=(fi.
^(Bias Guai-p uirui'ssBTLl <9=(P.
fiima Ui)-@(D u/rafawTLl */P.
jff/6i<s5ermesT utlii u/rfrg^mJ6S ?
0riim ersBTSsr ffiiriaih uirn^îiia T
(i) tS(gi UfrsOff/BJs/f jSiUfrfPffdo
ui_ii). '
9/gj iStfiêmt /Bi4-<9=ff UL_i).
6u*6imii.
UL_Lb.
c9<gy iSîSenn ; BU )-|B U L - I D .
c9/g/sTssrAû tfcj-a^jp U I _ I J D .
,^g; uirsOff/BjSff 6T(ipgj(D 6Uff6BTti).
/ffmia (ol*frfifafii/p utrui'sMTLl
Lesson 62 I 515
EXERCISES
below.
Model: C/Bgg/ sreiresr umr^^riia ? (cinema)
(i) =^gJ- LSijieiTiT (Biq. <9=a=UL-lh. (actress)
(ii) ffTSSTiag (ol^/riiiLJLJ ; <j =a= (like)
(iii) c9/gi c9f6U(5 eT(y)gj6BT (dialogue) ,
(iy) aioeoamira^m Qiîrihu /BsbeOff <5@(2?ffi' (act)
(v) tS/fiu aineosnDira'ssr. (actor)
(vi) u/reOff/Bgif uLii. (produce)
h. Change these sentences into present relative participles.
Model : ^rreor CjBjSg/u UL-li Lj/rfrssG<S65T.
jbneir GfBggJu u/rffg<s uiti-...
(i) ufru<f;Bgfr U L - L D er^jSg/r.-
(ii) <^,ffU(5 'c9j(rrajGjb{DLb' ui_ii) gujfrfPJfffr.
(iii) ^6U(5 suffesrii) erfipgjig). '
i; Change these sentences into past relativeparticiples.
Model :u(T60ffjBg'f U L -iii eT(5@(27(5.
uiT6Ua=(Bg'rerQaîp utih....
(i) jBireirU L - I L unna^Gpoesr.
(ii) t9/6ii([5'rSltriiiG&piDLh' U L _i i giuTrPiS.
(iii) c9/su(/5 suiSFSffrib eT(jpgj(2f(5.
j. Fill,in the blanks using the relative participle (past) form of the verbs
given in parentheses,
(i) uirsOff^BjSff .Uiub. (STQ)
(ii) jBii)-G) L?[rij?str/r .....,ut_ii). (;6^-)
(iii) @g/ T6ijr@ Gl(r(rtiuu,,. :.. uiih. (Lîq.)
(iv) ^mia ufrui'aiBnlQîriiu**/?. (Qfftreo^)
(v) @gy .i/fflj-- suffSOTti). (ercipg;).
(î) @gJ UTSO.y^BgiT ut_ii. (giun-fP)
Example : STQA&P ST + Rel. Part. (Present)
(i) fbut- + Rel. Part. (Present) :
(ii) L PU ). + Rel, Part. (Present)
(iii) @K>. + Rel. Part. (Present) : ........i..
(iv) Clair + Rel. Part, (Present) : ,...,..,.
(v) u/T + Rel. Part. (Past) :
(vi) sT(ipg/ + Rel. Part. (Past)
(vii) Qff/rsbg!/ + Rel. Part. (Past) :
(viii) + Rel. Part. (Past) :
(ix) 6u/r + Rel. Part. (Past) :
(x) Cfiuu!/ + Rel. Part. (Past): ........
(xi) QiFuJ + Rel. Part. (Past):
I. Change the underlined word or group of words to its corresponding
question.
(i) fiiTon '^f^nsuifiTamiask' ui-ih urrir^Q^sir.
(ii) ^611(5 g)(5 jBsba) gni_ygL-n-.
(iii) Q^nihu fi&êo uith.
(iv) urreoo'fi^rT erQ^^ er&ieoiTU UL-imaQerriLfih eiS<
^sii(!f)aig,u 191^.3=3= UL-lh.
m. Change these sentences to the past tense.
(iii) a_(Bj<s5| Sir5(B(gL.i Lj/Tsoa=^g(f eTiS@(D UL-ih Qi;irihuu iS'isâînrr 7
(iv) ^g/ iSyiSena ;5i4-@fD uiiigirGssr ?
(v) a^ra(<sB(g5<!B(gL/ LS'jq.iigfD UL-lh sr^ 7
(vi) Lj/rfiOff/Bg(r ffr(jpg((D su^ssru) ST65ria@u iSii^&îh.
n. Answer the questions.
(i) /ffmjffi C^jSg/u UL_m u/r/fjSj5mjsiT(r ?
(ii) a_nsi(g5a(gi=aâio^nifniheiQaîp uiGltDsbso/rti L?ii).@U)ff ?
(iii) 6Fguj^js G{r euisiarrerru ui_u> sTdB(gp} g) GluiPiu .
ni_!rffii_(r, ^sbCso 7
(iv) jJiB/ffi fieiiiTg sQemo'm îq.a=ff guSifpuuiii) Ufrfrgj^nuasOTfr ?
(v) 2L_fp(Si5@u iJtr). <9=<y fits'fi^ fiiq.Qa itjn-(5 ?
(vi) ffi_/E/ffi(Sr5a(g uj/r rr(y)gj6OT-sU(9=6Brii) L5'Lj.a@Lb ?
(vii) ;ff/B/ Gu/rsBT urf'ilQaûi'Geti CailL. erebeonA C<SB6frn9@tb
u^fisb 6T(ipg/fiBfnsjasirn- ?
VOCABULARY
Lii-ii) 'cinema* ct 'take, produce'
65)i_{ri5i_/f '(cinema) director' gtu/r/P 'produce'
!bitf.Qm 'an actress' ûj. 'act' -
L?!!). 'like' euaSBrii 'dialogue'
tz^jpib 'depth' jBti).T 'an actor'
Cgg/rsr/r 'wgil'
Lesson 62/517
GRAMMAR
16.62.170, The past relative participle form is expressed by the verb root,
past tense marker and the suffix Example :
16. 62. 170. iStfiSeirn /BUj-fftSP uiih.
friia Qa'irairesT urruS'emiL QijniLua' aiP.
Note that /BIT)-** and Qaîrmesr are derived from the verb roots jbiif 'act' and
Qffrsbga 'say' respectively.
Sandhi: jS/rsir +liis jS/rmi* (Refer S.30 in 16.61)
ûunf. + jB/rssT > c9/iJJ-iHf.gg(T6ST (Refer S,21 in 3.20)
êbQeoiiia + c% -> êbQeoiiiaefrir (Refer S.27 in 15.55)
UT/TjîBJffi + ^ > unrff <s<!S/BJ<SBfiir(r (Refer S.19 in 2.14)
UNIT 16
LESSON 63
ABOUT AN
DIALOGUE
GldFebsi? ; aeoir, Quiresr u/f tlG)*-
Gmdr. uifiLQaûSGeo
GaCi Qfr.emQ GasfreiS'
faT65r(g<9=aiPlUITU Lflf-
luQeo. cS/uL/fOLD, fitreir
uti)./rja u^û3Geo-
@)G)60 (o)(r/ni)u ip/r/fa
ACTOR
Kala, howmany marks did you get in
mathematics in the last test ?
1 got just pass mark. I did not under-
stand correctly the two-questions that
were asked in the test. Then there
were many questions from the
portions which I had not read. That
is why I did not get more marks.
GuirGetsTujir ?
gjagu GuirCSfflrrcBT.
epem^GiDuSebQeoujiT ?
aeoiT:ûuuf. âiQeo....^Gfiau:>ir
- CTsbsoiruuigQjSiqib
UT/fuGufisr.... !r/rGg3si%
asBTig) p Uf. (j= a= u tih
erssr'A^ Qi^nihuu L3u^.A
fitq.aair ^ uu.G ID
ÂiQeo. ^&)Qeoiun ?
aeon : ÎQIT. ^S/su /b H). @ (D
LJt_jsGlg 6T eb so IT (5 li)
6i?(5ii)4fn7mj(5B .... /b t sir
Cufr6oi_(riJsru-o@u
GufTdsûui. su(rLl(pu)fr ?
DRILLS
Variation drill
16. 63. 171. n
Lesjon 63 / 5/P
Did you go to cinema yesterday ?
Yes, I went to a Hindi film.
Is there any Hindi film which you
have not seen ?
(It is) not like that... (I) will see
almost all the films.... 1 like verymuch
the film in which RajeShkhanna
acted.
Nowdays there is no film in which
he is not acting, isn't it ?
Yes. Everybody likes the film in
which he acts. I have to go to post
office. Shall (I) take leave of you ?
Okay.
a.
@iju ST6bso/rtr> cS/su ^Buj-Asn-jS ui_Gm ^sbGlso.
^(Tsir uii).a/rjS u@jf ttPGsoui'^^gj QfiQptuA
GadreS ^^jSgj.
b. Build up drill
(i ) jf unHam^ ^fiûut-ih
êm^Gia Â)(a\eo. ,
gifibQsD
^tior@]/Gu)
0 ufTfTdsairg ^;B^tJUL_ii>
êm^GiD ^&Qai.
^sbQso
gtemr^Gia ^sbQsti
^fi^CjuL,.th Qtem^Gut gisbOto
uiriiaaiT^ ^fiûiji~ih
êm^Gu) .ÂQeo.
(ii) ûu STfibsoiTU) <:9<SU(5 jbUf-A-
(rg U_GuD ^sbGlaj.
U1_GU3
jBLj.A<S/rg
ûu eraieoirth
(iii) îrsir uti}.<BTjS uojfiiifGso-
GaefrsiSi
Lj(i).a/rg U(gj5ii5'G6UiLP(5^g/
c. Expansion drill
(i) ^6K(5 !biif.AaiT^ UL-CSi>
ûu sTebcD/rijb ^djGlso
(ii) ^ u/rrfffiaiTjS
(iii) Q/b1jdiu GiBcfrsiS' ^/Bgg;.
UL_Gu3 ^sbGlfiO.
L J L _ G L D â:Qeo
fbuâmn^ U I _ G U D êbOso
ûu eT6b60(rii cS/su ^Lj.Tg
ui_CiJ) êbQffl).
^Birssr uuf.asiT^ ugjfiui'GsDtd'dj^Bg;
Q/BGI JDIUIS B Gacfrsi? ^cS/BiSSJ
LJU).afr<s U(giSuJ'Geo(i5'(5;Bg/
61iB(olpuj Garfra? @(5;B<SgJ
(Bueir uti).aa>irg Ujg^îii'Geuiii'^^gy
Qjfifolpuja Gacrrsi? ^JB^gi-
t9/su(5 /Btr)-<sB(riS ui_Gto ^sbOso.
^cu(5 /Btif-aanTjS ui_Gu3 ûu
CTebeonrin êbCleu.
/ff uir/raan-jB ^jBûui_ii) ^sbGlso.,
0 uirirAair^ ^fiûuiih
epesin^^GLD êoQeo.
QfbQpiuA Gaeirs^"^(iT)fi^^.
QjbQraiua Gaeh&S' pireir UKj.(rj8
U@j#li5'G60uJ'(!5JBg7 /BjSg/.
(i) Q: Guirm uiPiLQa'uS'Geo semA^Geo er^^Qetr inniiA^
fil/(r/Bl(gG6i(T ?
A : uirsfb iDir/fa^cSiTCTT suiT/Bj@Gr6Br.
(ii) Q ; f GjBjBg/ #6sPt(rffli/@u GuirGsjrujir ?
A : înir. gj ^ffiûui^giAû GuirGmesr.
(iii) Q: jff u/rffaarrg ^/BjSiJui-ti) s^sifidgp/Ginui'ebGleuiiJnr ?
A : cStMLJii). @6bQfiO...,:9{Gâtnn' crd)6U(riJ (-iL-iEiatokiriqin
u/r/TuCL/sBr.
(iv) Q : giuu CTsbco/ni) tS/euffi jBi^-aairjS ui_Gin ^d)Qo,
A !y,LDir._
Lesson 631 521
(i) /Brrfiir uiq-dsa/rg u@jS.
verb accordingly. ,
CT(lpgI
Guar
u/r
V ~v '
(ii) OffffaaiTjB ^0ûui-ih
gifinvrgpGiAôjQeoiuiT ?
GuiT
evir
(0 ffiirmr utq.â' U00.
(r/T(5gga^65r(g) /Biq-**.
uiih.
!r(rGggffli,a6ir(gj ,;bi^@jd
LjL_ii.
/ffuiTlfgg ^fiÛUL-th.
^'uirirAi^lD ^^û
UL - l h ,
EXERCISES
c9(gj /B/r9r LJiij.<9ss/rjS u^.
^rresT Guaâ^ u@0,
LiniTmaiT^ ^fiû ui_in
jff GurraiTfi ^fiûuith
epem-^GLD ^sbGlsoiunr ?
6ii!r/T<S' ^fiûuL-th spswr^Glm
SuiTâr usmi^^^fiûuiîh
epsW^l/GLD êbGleoujir ?
^m./Tg ^fiûutih
JB/T6r tJliJ. <B<S5(T<S U@jS.
^gj. [r/rGggeqiassrig) /Biq-a/rg
UL_li). . ,
^g; u/r/T65Tj5,^;B}Suui_m.
$ utiffsan^ ^^ûuL-ih,
g,' Fill in the blanks using the cues given in parentheses as in the model given
below.
Model: 0 ffTjSgGlfiBT ILITITA Geo evirmi^Gear ?
:i ; / : - (matherriatics)
0 STjBgOfiiT iD/Tfr(g dsarerA^Gso suirfBi^Gair' ?
(i) jff STggOfiin: inirifysB Ceur ? (get)
(ii) Gaefre^ LHq-aafrjS ui'GsouJ'cijJBg/. Ô/Bggj. (portion)
(iii) (TirGsjeâtmi^ UL-gSlg ffTfib6p/T(5ui......j........,(ny(B/. (like)
h. Change these sentences into present relative participles.
Mode!: Gasfrsi? ffTSBraû L/iPiqgj. '
6T6ar@u i-//P(qjD Gaerrei?....
(i) jB/rsor fioieo iDirira^ euiriii^Gpar,
(ii) fBTsir ^ffiûuiih unHa^Gprn.
(iii) ffiirmêsPiDireijaû GunGpm.
(iv) !rnrCg86i%6srig) /Bi^-a.
(v) CTfibsoirîi) tSjjBgu ui_gQg^ siPcgibL/cftjiBja.
. ' \ ' .
i. Change these sentences into-past relative participles. j
Model: ^neir inirirs^ eutrm^Gesreir.
in/T/fao suir(5i@6Br jB/rdr....
(i) ;B/T6W @;BjSL/L;i_ii) uir/TjBGjacJr.
(ii) !r/TGggs)%<3B5r(g5) îq-ff^/r.
(iii) CT6bebff(5tb tSfJBgu LiijsGlg S'iiLj((7fEi.
(iv) Gaefra? CT6!n-@ij y(P(g<s=g/.
(v) ^/rssT ^sttPin/Tsi/aigiJ Cu/rGesrsiri '
j. Change these sentences into negative relative participles.
Model: /Bireir .jPssPtn/reijaû GuirsQeo.
^suPinfrsi/aîJ Gu/ra/rg^BTSBT....
(i) ^(T65r ^fiûuiih uirHaaQeo.
(ii) {rrrGgjeiâesr^ jBii).aa(o1fiO.
(iii) eT6ba3/r(5ii) ,.:9<;Bgu uisiJcjiiLjOeo.
(iv) GasfreiS'6T6BTa@M M'Puj'olfiD.
(v) iDnna^ eresTaiÂ Qa(oli_aaQ0.
k. Fill in the blanks using the relative participle (past) form of the verbs
(i) ui?.iLQ3'u3Geo er^^Qesr ii)(T(fa@ euirmi^Gesr ?
(Gun)
(ii) u/ftlQffui'GnJ GaefrnS' CTifra@iJ LfiPiuQeo. (Gaigj)
(iii) jBireir..." u^ûSGeoa^fiQi Q^QptuA GacrrsiS'^^jBiSg;.
(V) 0--. JJB^L1L/L_li). (uiTdf,)
iy) CTfifafiOirûn ui_in. (nPotnLj)
I. Fill in the blanks using the relative participle (negative) form of the verbs
(0 u/filClJuiiGso - Gasfrsi?. (Ga)
(ii) jBiTcir -u^ûSGeouSaT^p)^ QfiQpiuA GaefraS
@iBjSg/. (U14.) r , > ;
Lesson 63 / 523
(in) /BfTfiir ,. ^fiûuiih. (urra^)
(iv) c9/6U(S UL-Qva Â)Qeo. (fiiq.)
(v) gJBITOT ^/fejfiuui_uj. (aSl(5U)q>
m. Write the word represented by the formul.a, /
Example: oj|r/r^ euir + Rel. Part. (Neg)
_ (i) U(r(5 + Rel. Part. (Neg) :
(ii) @(!5 + Rel. Part. (Neg) :
(iii) Glair + Rel. Part. (Neg) :
(iv) Off!-t- Rel. Part. (Neg) :
(v) uu,, + Rei. Part. (Neg) :
(vi) C"a(g5 + Rel. Part. (Neg) :
(vii) nSIiiL/ + Rel. Part. (Neg)
(viii) C L / T + Rel. Part. (Neg) :
n. Change the given nouns into the dative and add at the left to the verb in
the sentences given below.
(i) /Birsir : QaeheS LfiPtuQeq.
(ii) UL - U) ; jBirsir Gu/rCsiiTSffr. ,
(iii) Gu/TcfUL-irt^sfp :./BT5r;GuiTa@)/u3..
0, Change the given nouns into the objective and add at the left to the verb
(i) ui_ii>: JBTOT. LjftffuGusjr. , ; i
(ii) ^fiûuiib : erebsorr^LD fflPiiLf(nyfBi.
(iii) Gaefre>S>: fiisia Gaigrîsja.
p. Answer these questions.
(i) Guirssr uifilQffui'Gso fimia uiq.astT>^ ugjSui'GfiUid'cj/Bg/
QjbG)piua Gacfrs)? G A L L L . irmiaemr ?
(ii) jSiBja uirifaa/TjS g) @;BiSLiDt_jsGg(rGli_ GuQjr CTftpg/iBja.
(iii) ifirGggeâîQf fiiq.^^ UL-ib &_/Eia@a fiaieoiru LSuf-s^wir?
(iv) fiias ^Liuils uti)lajo L/sjjgajBGjS/rGiL. Gu crcirssr ?
(v) o_fE/(gr56B@jS jSiiS'tp ajDti'aigpj c%#fPtu Gu crsareBT ?
(vi) C/BjSgJ fflL/@iJL|@ eujrn-jS ujeirarsu lun- ?
VOCABULARY
assira 'mathematics' imtiri^^ 'marks'
sufffBi 'get' L/irsro 'pass'
' LJ@ji 'pprtion' 6iS'u)q 'wish, like'
GRAMMAR
16.63.171. The negative relative participle is fornied by adding the negative
suffix -^jS which occurs in the negative verbs like sujr/rg/ 'will not come'
QcS=uJuj/rgj 'will not do' etc., to any verb roots. The relative participle suffix
is immediately added to the negative marker. Consider the following
examples.
16. 63. 171. 0 u/rraafrjB^fiûuiih g>iroT@aGii ^fifaOep.
UTifAaiTjZ and fiiq.ian^ are negative relative participles and they are derived
from the verbs uff 'see' and J BU J . 'act' respectively. Note that the verb root
is not conjugated for any tense. That is to say, negative'in general, has no tense
in Tamil. Hence, this may be treated as the corresponding negative expression
of both present and past relative participles. Example : ajp/aiffii^ ; Quirp/
GuirarTjS ; aS'a^p/siS'iBan'jg (16.61|; pi^.iFS'lfinâaa^ ; \3u^9s-liSin.a^
/rg ; 6Tg<s/eT(56B6B(rg (16.62).
Sandhi: u/filQ* + @GfiO uifiLQeFuSQeo
gfib(?so + ^-> gebffaiuir (Refer S.8 in 1.5)
fffPuj/r + qiPiL/Qeo-> ff/Pttjffu qiPujQfiO (Refer S.21 in 3.20)
STfi5r@ + îPujir > eT6iit@<j= ffrfôjirij (qrfiujQfiO)
SesPiineii&^ + GU T GS BT U J /T > âsPtunsifaû GunQesrujiT
^fi^ + uiih ^fiûuL-ih y
erebeu/r +ui^QîLfib -> eraêoiTU uL-^Q^tnih (Refer S. 4 in 1.2)
UNIT 16
LESSON 64
OPENING AN ACCOUNT IN THE BANK
DIALOGUE
Vanakkam.
CiDCJfiiSTggJT : eusmssilh .... erêsT Vanakkam..; What (do you) want, sir?
wmP : ffi_(B/ C u (BJ @ (5 GO fi^ (5 (I) want to open an. account in your
^maeijemiL (oljspffi bank.
Please be seated, I will give a form.
Those who open the account'shoiil'd
fill it up, (I think) (you) are opening
the.account in your name ?
GwGesTggir : si_a66/T(5miiS. J B/ T S S T
g) uiTifih QairQA^-
y,if<2j usmem ^ ih.
(Sfiia?
5261 An Intensive Course in Tarnil
uiTij^Qfi 0 iii a Gen
y,iTg; usm^fliiis.
wetssP : /6/T65r ^liiSeSe^ uti).**-
euofr ^mQeoiiia-
^ iB <s u u /r (r g G) g
^filoGfffr SJ_ 6ST (SB 35 6 5 L J
CujCfisrgg/f ; Q/r(5fBii|5....Ei,(E/(S1str,; : Please^givc (it)... Who introduces
Gumj@@;: (you) to the bank?
; '' ^ .. < '
Yes, sir.
If that is so, please fill up this form
yourself.
I am not one who learned English....
Can you fill up this form yourself for
me?
GniQmîT : ^fi0tji G uiii^G eo
psufEjasfrGeo lunQîuir-
ineiraP : QgrPujii.. C jr ei^ 6>WT/r
^fiû Gurii^Geo U S S BT I O
Gurrgjujff ?
CinGeBrggif : Guffgiii. ên^SiL-
. Gli_aii(5/fegj'@gjGtt>
enaQiurriJuu) cun-m/^fEJa.
ÛLfpih, sreirQeiTU
u/r^mia.. ' "
issfl ; <7/PiEja, euGpcBT.
Nobody, sir.
Do you know anybody who has
account in this bank ?
(I) know. Mr.. Suresh is also one who
has account in this bank. Is his
(recommendation) sufficient ?
(It) is sufficient. (You) please get a
, signature from him here. Theii, (you)
please come and see me, ^ ,
Alright sir, (I) take leave of you.
Please do. CiDGfiirgj/f : euirfiia.
DRILLS-.' . , . . ,1 ^:
B. Variation drill i
Id. 64. 172. finsk êiiaJefTsun jîBiSeffe^ uui.A^pe)jeir â}QeO.
a-Gêi^ ^/BjSiJ Gum/@Go uessnh Guir^peuxi^.
Si-iiiaQeiTU Gutii^Â^ dW/tPâuLJ^^g/jDsu luir?
Glja tS/aosi/eBSTii'QjSiDa@fl3Bii/aa yjiTiS^
uememîlth.
b. BujW up drill
(i) fiirm êijeuenevtT ^raSelSe^
UllJ.@jD6U65r
@C.60 LJSTOrtii Gu/r(^p6x/(!5.
\ GumjoGiso
(iii) si_mi(S1Tru Gu/Ei(p(g
tUIT(fT) ? '' s
cS/jiyijpiSLJuîSgJjDeu
Gumj@@
(iv) t^Qg i9/6Ba:;iswLLl (o1gpis@-
c. Expansion drill ,
(i) ^(5(gira)*oai, UCTKTii) C u' ni -
> Lesson Mi $27
/Bireir ,;9(6ijsv6rr6)jT
utqia^fbeiJeBr^sbQet). ' ' '
^sbQeo '
uufâ^peiim .ôiQeo . . . ^
^rG/<6]^6>^ Ljiâ^peijssr .^toQeo
uii).@fl30j6Br ^sbQso.
uemifi QuitQp6U(if,.
Gun (53J6V(!5
USBBTli Gu(5ljPoli(5 .
Gumi^QeO usBurm Gu/ri^pfivj.
^JBjSLJ GiJmi(g|G6o'u6isffrii Gun-
"fDSlJ ' ^ '' '
<^^<9=isoii) ^/Bû GuraoGso
ueBsrtc Ou/rij/bsu-
E_mja(o1sTru GuiEi(g(g ^^^^(ipau-
ug^psii(5 iD/r(5 ? '
ujir ? ^
^^^(yiauu^^gi/DnJ'ujir ?
Gur&@<s@ cSi^yspftLiUîSg/jDSiJ
UJ(T([5 ?
^ a_nsjffiQ6n-u Gumj@<ss@ cS/pycipau-
Uggifl3fiU(l5 lU(T(i5 ?
y,(fgjS U6ror6ror@)/iii
âaei/SBSTL- (o1<5jD@p6UfHi
yj/fjSjg u6Birr6Bsr@)/ii) ,
c9j(olg .âaeifemL- Q^^s^psuiiia
uessTih Guffp6U(5.>! V
5281 An Intwwive Course in Tamil
(ii) ftJEiaSlfflfr t9/3?(tpuui5g;-
JDSU ttJT ?
pfiU(5 uj/r ?
(iii) is/AoeyaJn-il 0jSpiS(gpnjm/
d . Question-Answer drill
ujir(5 ?
ffi_rsja(a)fiTriJ Curs/^ds^ ^^(tpau-
c9/Qj2U 4f ff jSj ussvreaBr^vu).
(i) Q : sTsirsBr Csuî/nsiffi ?
A :' 22_rEfds Gum/|gGU gt cSfs^fiV^'^ QjSpsdsî/in-
(ii) Q: fl_(Q CuijpGtog/TCRn-\sji6V^
A : ciînir/Gia.
(iii) Q; a_ns/QfiTrL/ QuiiiÂ^ ^^(tpauJuQ^^gastja^ u-iira^ ?
A: uj!r(rûi êbQsoiiis,.
(iv) Q:- îBjSSM Cu(s/@Gso, sS/aasi/saJril ^(5@(Dsu(BiasfrGfiO
A : Q<S(P4ib'
e. Substitution drill -
(i) JBTeir îsi^sid'ra^ ui4.a@p6v js/rssr î6j.
Substitute.and chaiige the
verb accordingly.
(ii) fiirm îwSiSeûbÂ^lOeu^.
Substitiife and change the
participial noun accordingly.
fiiriiia itirmis
@6b(S1so.
Lesson 64/ 329
(tii) 0mia ^^Geo enAQiuiTuuih , 0mis;^^Geo ensQiunuuib
6)JiTmi(ima. . euniiiiîBia.
f. Transformation drill '
(i) âj([5 ffrefrQfiffT cS/jPcyjaiJLj- ^611(15 iD/r ?
jSg/peu;^^^^ , ^^^^
^fiu i5**sv*"'FA S)gp^ @fiU ujir ?
@eu Cu/E/@(J60 LisBSTti) @sU uj/r ?
GunQnaeua^.
âj o/r^tiJ Q/ra@pj. @(S )j lu/r ?
EXERCISES
g. Fill it) the blanks using the cues given in- parentheses as in the model given
below.
, Model: .^/Bgij iJiTirgQg ;SfBCBr---....v........(&65. (fin
^fiû unij^Q^ 0misGetT iîT^ûeaT^Blfliiis,
(i) si_(B/d5Qfirr....."....<....pfiii luff ? (introduce)
(ii) @J Gumi^Geouemub..------ JDSU. (deposit)
(iii) .5s/njiSii.Qi>.id'/B^......-.......--aiff/W(g (signature)
h. Fill in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated noun (Participial noun)
forms of the verb" uii),'read'ih the present tense.
(i) ^/reir.................
(ii) (masc) ................
. (iii) jff (fern)
(iv) êvmr
(v) .sfeu.l.........
(vi) fiirmis ^ '
(vii) ^(Tin......
(viii) fimia...
(ix) ^siKBia.. ....
(x) ^g; ........; . ' , V, ' , . . ' ^
i. Change these sentences into participial constructions (present) following
the model. - -
.Model: ^6U(m.c9/an^6wrtl^0^
, ^S/aaa/OBril.
5530 / An InUnsive Course in Tamil
(ii) c9/((5(gB5>6Ea)ii ^/BjSi^ Guiii^Geo usmih (JU(T(2?..
Qiiy fin^ unîh:Qaii(Â^GpaiT^
(iv) lEmia unif^Qû y,n^^ usm^pSiiia,
(vy snsQiuiTUuih eijirmi^0!iia.
j. Rewrite the formulae follpwipg,the models
Model: uj(T(!5 ^î- ^sug/ ujn-(o)(ruLi(rSug/ ,
(i) ^fiusBT + Obj. -f da,fiiJg/= ................
(ii) c9<6u + Inst. + êu^ = .
(iii) ^suiGi + Loc. + c^sugj -
(iv) eresr + Dat. + îg; - ]
(v) cS/fiu + Abl. + êii^ =
(vi) exm/cs + Soc.-I-5%6Ug/ = ,
k. Answer the questions. '
(i) a_r&i65ig3<S(gu Guiii^Geo .:ÂaenemL- Q^pAa^nwir ?
(ii) a-m/aClSfrantngi"Gura^^^
(iii) 0mia:^mSsSe^ ibêonu ui^-Ai^peiJifiT ?
(iv) sL_(B/ai.i-<S jSifiy) uii).(5(D6unu6frGso uj/r(o1(r EL/Bj<s5(g5^
Q^/riiu jBsbton:iJ iSq.<sB(gin ? <
(v) jgiBia ?T;Bgu Guffi/^Geo uewn-LD Guirjif^ra
VOCABULARY
Guiii^
endstoloJiriJuu)
GRAMMAR
i6.6i.l72. The participial nouns are otherwise called conjugated nouns.
They are formed by adding the pronominal suffixes -êir, -^(5,
"cS/na'S and to relative participles. The conjugated verjb and, the prono-
minal suffixes simultaneously indicate both action and tloer of the action. Like
all nouns and pronouns they are also declined Jor case and inflected for gender
and number. Example: ^' ' ' ' .
16. 64. 172. fiir^ tSjeiieuetTeuit ^miSe&e^ uu^S(^peu^ ÂiQeO.
GuiTgosu(Q.
'bank' Âaeifemil. 'account'
'form' y,(fjajfiLjirar@)/ 'fill up'
'introduce' Curr . 'deposit, as
' money'
'signature' -1
Lesson 64 / 531 -
Note that uin-a^ro and QunQno are relative, participles. As they indicate
tense distinction the participial nouns can also be classified into two kinds
namely present partcipial nouns and past participial nouns. Example ;
;c9<(l5'(y3uujSgJ|D6U(!5 Q^pA^peuiiia etc.
Consider the following examples.
(i) ^/reir UK}.(gfljaJSJr-
(ii) /B(r(Bj Gu/r(D6U(si.
(iii) jbiTin G)grD<B@(DSum/.
The third persori pronominal suffixes -êsr and -^liia are used in the first
person. Similarly thesp can also be used in the second person. Example :
(iv) l_Hq.{5{D61i65r,
(v) jSm/ffi Qj5p(gpnjiEJi5B; '
The above examples illustrate one of the chief characteristics of the participial
riouns that they do not distinguish any person.
Sandhi : ujfrGl(r + êugj -> luirQîuireu^ (Refer S.8 in 1.5)
STCBT + T STwrSliBT (Refer S.ll in 1.8)
\
UNIT 16
LESSON 65
ABOUT A MUSICIAN
DIALOGUE
0 iS y> IT L-0 G eo ffTib.
sren). oruqeoilfti^jSirfiir
QuiPtu ufri_.. Gjsggi
(Tirgji/P GiTUj-Guj/rsi/Go)
i-/iT6!tr6um/65 tSteuiBia
jSITSBT. G U (T fiSf 6U tr [T ti)
'GjBeiêirfib qG{rir<s Jjrnru)'-
Geo ôjiiis <5B G 3= iP-
Cliua GaLlifi-fHoerrrr ? ....
G<sLl.(_eum/<s ffTebOir'u)
QiTiriiiuL) Ljnririrtl^tgpmjds.
ereirssriDiru u/ril(5uu(T(5
((tyiGliX / c9/eUfGJ65|g3d5
In Gamatic music M.S.SubbuIakshmi
is the topmost singer in Tamilnadu.
It was she who sang last night in the
radio. Did you listen to her concert
on the National' Programme last
week?... AH those who listened to
(her concert) appreciated (her) very-
much. How nicely (she) sings songs 1
No singer who performs these days
has the voice she has. What do you
think about it ?.... Those who per-
formed concierts those days had
devotion for the music' Do they,
those who sing these days, perform
music ? They are all doing katha-
kalakshepa. See, there was a concert
V
Lesson 65 / 5^3
uffjD6U(E/<sBSrrCfiO lu^-
....^jBjga iSTSOjSg/CJfiO
^ u u ij u ir flj 6iJ 6Br
erebfiu/rtc <F I EI < J S tc/rr
kjffl(Br@U(2fw ? anh tpm
a^naireoCGffuih uem~
@jj(nyisBT. G^jSg; jBiiutt
a=Lifra/Ca> ^((5 <#=pff(P
(2^(5 UT/TLiCuiriii.
DRILI
b. Build up drilK
(i) C(rii}.(5uj/rsi/(5fiO u/r6ar6iin5/
6TIB. CTsfO. aruqfiOtlarii'.
yesterday in oursabha. Four or five
people were sitting by the side of the
one who sang. That was all the
crowd. Why do they all do concerts ?
Let. (us) see how this person sings?
erth. erehi. enln-ieoCeriB.
UIT6W6>J /BI 6TU). 6TSn).
Gifiq.GujnisifQeo uirQesrediiia
erih. etch). arULfeoCsTiB.
iation drill
16. 6S. 173. Gîif-GtuneifGeo uiT(Seireumis srULjeoiLoriB.
6B*(J*fP (Sl<sFiiJ^su/BjaG$5@<9= ^nsidJjBjBgjGso
(ii) JC<y/f' Q<9=uj^6U(Biigi5@d>
(iii) u/T(56ir.\/ig5@u uaa^^Geo
(iv) Gail.i_un5ia ersbeofrûi
Qi;mhu
6T6b60(r(5m _ \
Gili_6u/Eia
c. Expansion drill
(i) jB(rsO(^*Gu(5 a-aairff/BjS-
(ii) <9s<9=G<9Fi f Qa=uJ^si/FEja(^<s@
*fBJ.*jS!Sg/G60 li).Gsu(T6S%6Sf
<7mi^^<S^GeD ii).Gsuir6i%esr
asJGffrf' QauJ^6u/B/<B^@j
iFffiji^jSjS^GfiO nj-Gfiu/rsi^cir
o(r(56ifrsii(gT5<BigiIi u<s^g/Gso
^/r0(ff5Gu([5 a-aairfrjSjSc/jiS-
/B/r6U(g5i3^Gu(i5 a_(Tff^jS([5^-
j5T(5/<SS
uaa^^GeO /Bfr60(^GLi(5
urreiireu^<ss@ij udSdSjS^GsD
jBirsOtgârGuffj sâanirfiâ^^-
Gaili6iJ/Gi<95 ffrebeorrdiîi)
Qifirihuu LjffjrirL-îgpmja
, ffT6bfiU(r(5ii) (Slfriniiju U(r[r/TLL(5-
- LJ(T!7/IL.gB)m/iS5.
^fr6p(ff5Gu(5 un:(565r6ii(ffl5<B(gij
^mi<<SjS^Ge6 i4.Geufrei%ir
Lesson 65 / 535
(iii) jgijuu utt(Qfpaimm6{TQe6
d. Substitution drill
(i) ^fiumiaSiSffeir C/Bgg/Li
uirgfisreumi*.
participial noun accordingly,
j5/r6sr
iff ,
(ii) tJirêsreuigrâi^Li uadsggjCSsD
SL_a<sn'n'jB^jBjSirrG]<9s.
verb accordingly.
CU(T#
(iii) CL 1L _6W/ H/ Qijnthuu
u(r7(ril(S5)mjaB.
verb accordingly.
<ffruiJ5'
Glair
SUIT
^ u u u uirQioeuiBiaehGeo
iuiT(rÂîb ^sbGleb.
@uuij u/r06)j(E)a6frG6O tSjsuiBJ-
(Sii5a@ ^(!5<*@/D *,/rif!ru)
' ujir(5@u)^6bGl60.
cS<au/5jiS<snr6ffr CjBiSgiU U T -
esreuisiiS.
jB/reirgTesr C^ggjij iJ(r65rsu6Br.
;f<8ff6sr C^jSg/u ijff6sr6iJ6ST.
tS/susBTg/reJr C^BjSgju u/rS!frsu6Br.
cS/si/girssr C^ggju uirQeureu.
c9<6ug(r65r G;Bgg/L/ Ufr6!jre)j.
uir69ruigi3<stj u<s<ss<sgjGeu
CT(ipgj6!nr6u$T5(gtJ uacBjSglGso
SL.aafritiBjSo/Bg'riBjffi.
Gu63r/(gT5<5@U L J^giG6D
S>_65SiriTJEjS^giriEJS>
*/ruLS'L.L_6iiigi5@Li u<s<siSjG60
E_iS6iriTJB)(5!BgTm;6B.
G<Bili_u(Ei<K GlîriLuu uirjr/ril-
(6B)/BJi3S.
iFfruL?LLi_i/fB; Glij/ripuu UITIJITLL-
6uirfa@ffln-6umi Gljrnribiju uirir/TLl-
(6BjmJ6B.
61/T(3i}Bgnjm/ Gljr/riiiuij uirtfirC-
jg)/5;. .
6u/Rgsumia GljririiiLJLi uir^/ril-
Gjriq-Gujrrsi/Ceeo urrCSsnreumis
a-LH-jsOLLa-Lfl. '
aBffGdFlrPGluja GatlL-Sumjas urrijirtL^ '
U(r6srcu(fr5@u uajSglGfiO
^(r6t)(î9rGLj(/5 aL-ffiaBT/t^jSj/j/B-
^(rmj.
EXERCISES
f. Fill in the blanks using the cues given in parentheses as in the model given
below.
Model: ê\jmis... |-et Gailifi-fEjacfrir ?
, (music concert)
c9(6u/B/ffi *G*ifQiLi<i GLLifi.(5iasrr/r ?
0.) GsiLt6ijmiA eTebeoiT(!f)ih...... .....(gojiEia. (appreciate)
(ii) .CT657OTU3/ru.'-.-....-""-i-i-i/r(5(gB)(5J6s. (song)
(iii) ^cunuaigrjaBtg ^([5@p.. i...ujiT(!56B@Lb ^sbGleo. (voice)
(iv) jgmja a5@i]ya5 ? (think) . /
(v) ,.....v.: + G60 (i).G6UT6>^sr @(5/B^^- (music) ,
fvi) G/s^gj.--"'.--.... + G60 ffiffGfffP ^/BiSgl. (sabha)
(vii) 6T6OT6stiD(TLJ u/ril.....^ .(gjfBjas. (sing)
g. Change these sentences into participial constructions (past) following
the model. .. ,.
Model: êitiiia Gjriij-Gujfrsi/Gso unQiîiia.
Girirj-GaJfrsi^Geo u/r6sr6urei....
(i) ^riis ffiJGffiPQujffi G<SLLi.mi<x.
- (ii) cSjsuraa QfrfficutJ Li(r!rTLL(5'Ei.
(iii) cS/6u/Bj a<9=Ga=(f QffuJîrmja. , ^ .
(iv) tSjajesr ûuu ufr(5(gB)6sr. .
(v) cS/su LJuu u(r(5.
(vi) rbiTS0i^9^Gu(i^ 2_6E<s5/rrr/Bj(i^/B<srrmiiS.
h. Fill irt the blanks using the appropriate conjugated noun (participial noun)
forms of the verb u/r 'sing' in the past tense.
(i) fiirm
(ii) j (lijasc.)
(iii) f <&ra.^ .
536 / An Intensive Course in TamiV
e. Transformation .drill . ,
(i) Giju^GiuneijG&i un(S{peumia
<jGi9=(PQujiSB G<s<s@^6iimj6s
Ljfr{OeutTâ@u u<s<9s^^Ggo
;B/r60(g<srGu(5 a_<s/r/f iBjd?-
f > Lesson 651 537
(iv) ^suesT..
(v) , '. r \
(vi) îu , . ,
(vii) jîTiiia . _
(viii) (Birtn.
(ix) jSiiia-. '
(x) êumia ' ,
i. Change tiiese sentences to the past tense. V
(i) fBfrsBT êusuerreuiT ^liiSeSe^ uUf.a^peueir ^q^Qeo.
(ii) a_(EJdB(o)6)rriJ CSijisj<@ ^rff(yâou(S^^0eii(i^ iLin(t^ 7 '
(iv) Gu/Bj@C60 ^5n./!BrrLl' (o)g/D<BfDsi/(5 lu/r ?
j. Change the underlined word or group of words to its corresponding
question.
(i) ff(6B)i_a5 aiiid^^^Geo anliLjeoiLsnS QuiPiu UITL-S.
(ii) Gfi^gi jbibin fuire^Geo <B<yGa=(P @iB^g;.
(iii) . ufr(565r6Uigi5<B@LJ u<s<sggjG60 a_i/7(fjBj^(B^'T'E'.
(iv) û (BsiJfiO'riJ un:(5(()y.
k. Answer these questions. -
(i) ûJ^p/BTtl^Gk) /T(9i_ *nsi<^ggiGeo (olufPujLj/rt_i5
ujir ?
(ii) si_rEia tDQeurs^? L ; (T L L (9U iJT($suiTmiaefTiT ?
(iii) aL-miasGsmrGlL. asbgifrrPtii'Gsu LJiq.#<3=6umi ST6b60(r(gix)
QsuGleo (olG)i_ffa=g/r ? '
(iv) 2_fEjig[5(g# a^miSîh QîPu.)inir ? . ,
(v) /ffmis <9=Ga=rP Gaaasu GuTfiif/B/asrrm ?
(vi) a<jG#/P (ol<yuJ(DsijniiasrrG60 _mi(gi5@u li'iij.jaêii luir ?
VOCABULARY
aub'Carnatic music' iSuS'jpfBir 'the Tamilnadu'
'female singer' 'radio'
uir 'sing' aa^GfffP 'music
performance'
G(Sr5 'listen to' 'appreciate'
'song' , 'voice'
think' 'those days'
aJGcSFiP (o)<FuJ 'give music 'music'
"perforniance'
'devotion'
tq-Gajirsi^sBT
"perforniance'
'devotion'
'give music
performance'
ajSTaireOLLGffuii) 'kathakalakshepa'
auit
'sabha'
GRAMMAR
16.65.173. This lesson deals with the past participial nouns. They are
formed by adding the pronominal suffixes êsr or or -^(5 or -c9/(Bi
or as the case may be to the relative participles (Refer 16.61.169). Example ;
16. 65. 173. Gjriq-CuJireijGeo u/rfi!n-sum/6BoruiêoiLffriB.
Note that the verb roots u/r 'sing' and 'listen to' in the relative parti-
ciples Lj/rSBr and 0L 1I _ are conjugated for past tense.
Sandhi: a^tsi&îh -y &^Qeo 9Ks^^^Qeo
anrfiOii) + ffl_GD-â/rsOjSg/Gso .
uaath + a_Gfit> uj8gjGo (Refer S.17 in 2.13)
jSifltfyB/r -f a_G60 }Si^(p/5(rL.G60 (Refer S.16 in 2.13)
Giruf-Gujir +SiJSeo Girjq-Guj/rfflijGfio
a=Lj/r + a_Ga3^-*uff6i^G60, (Refer S.9 in 1.7)
UNIT 16
LESSON 66
OVER THE TELEPHONE
DI ALOGUE
Brfiîfw : fiBoCSeoiT 1 21138.
ftCâ^ s IbiimîTiiia * G {r 6i %
erfi^lfih: eransiSTmid, eresresr
GeuÛib ?
\ '
srGiê^ : wirQeouS'Geo a? il s ^
suGg)6Jr ; gj Lfeioâih
<9r;5jS(ru) : S^kQ^ G eu @u in /r ?
;&nreueb Geuûirr ?
Hallo ! This is 21138. Who is spek-
ing ? .
This is Suresh speaking.
What sir, what do (you) want ?
(I) will come to (your) house (this)
evening. Will you lend me a book ?
Do (you) want a short story or a
novel ?
5401 An Intense Course iri Tamil
u Q (p lu ^ eo <x J uj u>
*C!r6)% ; Gsu.-BBTi_/r/E/. L/{rff6TOT-
jB/reiib QauTQmx.
arfi^îh : lu IT (5 ST (tp sor
/Birsusb Q/r(5ffiiaCrr5r.
G/Bîgi* T so Iii! G so
, ; 63iL0a^ sii^jSgj uj/rrt5 ?
a-^fijStrtjb : erdir jB^nuii ^ eu
rG{i'6)% ; s>- mi iX erD en; <s rr ear
Q # T sir ear gi.in/rQaJ
6i/@u Gu/rGsu/riD/r ?.
-G(r6)% ; *fP(B/. in n-0 60 It? G so
Is there any puranic story (withyou)?
No, sir. Shall (I) give any old litera-
ture ?
No, sir. I like reading puranic story
very rnuch, Give (me) a novel ?
Which author's book do you want ?
Give (me) the novel written by Jaya-
kanthan... Who is he who came (to
your) house yesterday morning ?
One of my friends came--- Who told
you ?
Your wife only told nie... Shall (we)
go for a cinema this evening ?
No, sir. I don't like going to cinema
often.
Alright, sir. (I) will meet (you) in
the evening. ' .
DRI LLS
a. Variation drill
16. 66. 174. SLfsiaigji tuir eT(tpêiST} Gsu@j/ib ?
16. 66. 175. LfiîTemAsQfi L;nj.<B@pgj srewa Qijirihu ê^L-ih.
' Lesson 66 / 541
16.66.176. aitQeouSQeo s-fisa effc(SA@ eufi^l lunfj^ f
S-misSiLQi ujir Qa=nmm^ 7
b. Build up drill
(i) eTfisra Qggiuairp^&n-, eT65r(g OggujafrjDiSSJr st(ipgiJ6Br
T(ii^6isr jbirsu^ <o)(r/Bia5-
rbirsiieb QAirQmiAQefTo/r.
GerreBT.
QsiTmisGeiTanr
QggiuaiTfi^m 6T(ipg;5r QggiuaiTfi^m' eT(ii^m jbireiiA)
QairQiiisGefrm
6T65r<B@ Qggttja/rjBjSsir eT(tpg;6Br
-
ffineuA) QairQiBi&GenaiT.
(ii) S-ZEjaigâ uj/r(5 er(ipg/6Brg/
Gsu^j/ii) ? Gsuâii) ?
ujff eT(i>êar^ Geu^j/Lo ?
Gsuûu) ?
(iii) an-GlfiOui'Gffl) a_mi ffl?il(g
j;B}Sgj ujir ?
U J T
ujn'(5 ? ^
cu^jBg/ ULJ/r(5 ?
fil@ eufi^^ ujir ?
ffl_mi n ?Ll(5@ su;6<sgj lu/r ?
sfrSlsouiiGfiO ir(a))^H7GeD _isia aSiLQ^^
J/B^gJ ujir' ?
(iv) a_mja.diL.(oli_ uj/r si_fEy<55J9ilGli_ ujir QaF/rsirsBrg/. ?
QiyTsatesTgi ?
uj/r QafTSBTesrg/ ? uj/r QiSFireireijrgj ?
aL.(BifiL:S)i_ tuirar, Qa^nmesr^ 7
(v) ftioGeorr ! U J I T Guftpg/ ? jifljGeOT uj/r Gu*jpg(/ ?
gittjGson- .'. jujGaJiT .' oj/r Qusrip^ 7
(vi) c9illf-t9-' #6ilflU3(TSl/(g(iJ ^ ^j/j-aaiq. #65fI J D I T S V @U Quitipgi
Guirpgj eresrAû iJti).65arrg|. CT6Br<B(gLi LSinj-aawrg/.
CT6irrou d'lif.aairgi
Guirpgi 6T6in:<ss(^ ii'(i).<Eafrg)
c. Expansion drill
(i) eT6ijr@ QsuiQmisGerTm.
QgQiu&nfinest 6T(tpg/ar
(ii) S-iiia sifLl@ su/BjSg/
affGleotti'Gso su^^g/ ujn-(5 ?
(iii) ffTSBTAigu L?(^/rg;.
d. QuestionTAnswer drill
STewagja Q/Tf6iaBG6Tr6ST.
^(Tsiisb Qa5/riBiisG6ir6sr.
Lyiq-aa/rg/.
(i) Q : pifflGso/T J iuiT(5 Gu*pgi ?
A : jBireir^rrmis.
(ii) Q: uj/r0 erfipgjesrg/ Geuîi ?
A : GlggiuaiTiBjassr 67(ipgj6iir jbneued Qan<îiidGefTesT.
(iii) Q: G;B^g/ffi anQsouS'Geo fLL(S>@ su/Bi8gi ujrr(5 ?
A : sTSJT" êsBTUff fif!(56U(/5 sufiîT(r^.
(iv) Q: a_/E/.^L.Qi_ uj/T(5 Qj/resrsffrg; ?
A : i^Fs/a t^srosfOjgfTffBT (o)*T6Jr(g)(Bia.
(v) Q: LoirQsoui'Gso g>(5 ^ssf U)frsiya(gu Gu/rGeu/rin/r ?
A : ^sbQsOfwa. c9<tq-aati). rfissPiD/rsi/aigLi Gu/rpg/
eresraû diiq-aafrg/mia.
(i) luira^ sTcyjgjssT^ Gsu^j/ii ? iu/r(f5 er^^.wgj G S I J @I / L D ?
verb accordingly.
Gla/r 'j/r(5 Qa/r(5'ja^gi ^Gsu^j/ti) ?
uj/r(5 <:5/gutJL^65rgj Geuûtri ?
Ulq.
uj/r(5 utq-ffffgj Geu^ytb ?
QairemCQsijiT
ujir QaTeiin-êu/E^^ Geuîx) 7
(ii) (UfTcJ GurJDgl ? ttj/r GuftjDg/ ?
Substitute and chaise the
vMb accofrdir^ly.
Lesson 66 / 543
LJlJ. , UJTf/J UlîS^p^ ?
.BirLL uj(T([5 (ril(5'pgj ?
(iii) LfijiremAsQ^ ui^.m(g)p^ LfijnemAsQ^ UK}.(g(Dg/ exOTri
6T6sr(g QifiTihu ê^L-ih. Qifirihu êîîh.
Substitute arid change the
verb accordingly.
6U(r<# L/jr/resBTaaOjS 6iiff,#@jDg; eresra^
Qtftiihu @6^.i_U).
6T(ipgj L/jrirfiKuriasGlja 6T(ipg/jDg/ STSBTIB
OjriTinu ^lffl^L_tb. ^
a/DL? LJ7/T6IBrr6B(ol{S fDl-?(glD@J
CT6Br@ GliTinhu ^jaîti.
(Sl*/T6b^ LJ!r(T6IWr<B(ol<5 (ol<F/rSV)g2/3J^ 6T65ri3S(g
toljriTiiLj ^leiîU).
Gasigfj Lj!r/r6!rora(o)jS G<a(gjDg/ srsBra
(iv) ^/reusb Gsu@MiD/r ? jBTSUsb Geuîntr?
Substitute
#pa(ol^ #gjj(o1^ Gij@)iU5iT ?
LjirirSBsraaGI^ \^ qirnrewrAaSlja GeKûiir ?
;B/n_m jBirL_U) Gsyûinfr ?
f. Transforniation drill '
(i) a_(Bj 6I ?L L I @ 6U(b^ ujiT(if,? S-iiia siyL.* eu/B^gj uj/r ?
g2;jDgj ?
EXERCISES
below.
Model : G S U ^ L D I T ? (short story)
(!) CT^fTsugj .........@(5(g^/r ? (puranic story)
(ii) ej^neu^ ...QanCSA&CQicn ? (literature)
(iii) q[r(T6iWr0jS @(!5@^'r ? (any)
(iv) Gu(j-{Dgi 6T6!n-<K@iJ iJ'iq.iiaffgi. (often)
h. Change these sentences into participial^constructions (past) following
the model.
^ Model: Glggiij/rjB<S6ir /Bnrcusb erijpgng).
Qggujair^jSSBT eT(ipg/6BTg/....
(i) tS/J(!5 L/etogtiiii '-''%**'f(!5- "
(ii) c9/ajm/d5 UL_t) 6ijG)7(g(y/rmi.
(iii) u/reoJff^jSff rfisBfi^T er<sg/r(5.
(iv) muneOL-ffriB uifCQu un(Qt^mia.
iv) J^tj^âêoih Gura^CSeo uessTih QuiTiLt-.iT(rf).
i. Change these sentences into participial constructions (present) following
the model. '
Model: aneoaffffiîr ^stsPwir erQA^nffcj^-
Ljfr60#<9=/Bgif sT(5@n9 rf'eirf'm/r....
(i) QgQtumtrfiêir /BTSueb 6T(ipj((y((5.
, (ii) <r^jS(irLb LJL_Lb IjTffiB^tfrf.
(iii) ai-LjqsOLLsui? uniLcû u/r(5(2?mj.
(iv) cjy(5ia5ff60i Gu/ja^Gso usTOTtD Gu/r(5(2y.-,
(v) c9<6U(Bj qsfogau) 6u/ri#!ai@(27mi.
j. Fill in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated noun (participial noun)
forms of the verbs euir 'come', @ij. 'drink', aSeb 'sell' and <5/guiJq 'send'
respectively iti the past tense.
(i) cS/g/ ." (iii) '^Sl -r
(ii) - (iv) <s/g/
k. . Fill in the blanks using.the appropriate conjugated noun (participial noun)
forms of the verbs evn 'come', QsnemQeuir 'bring' airtl 'show' and
6UTmi@ 'buy' respectively in the.present tense.
(i) c9/gJ - (iii) ^ . ;
(ii) ^gJ (iv) c9(gi
1. Fill in the Iplanks using the appropriate conjugated noun forms of the verbs
Gijft 'speak', Gufr 'go', Q<S =I L I 'do', #aSl(ril iSiisf. 'smoke' su/rnii 'buy'
and OgiPfi)? 'inform' respectively in the present and past tenses.
Present tense '
(i) uj/r (iv) (U T
(ii) l U ff (v) uj/r
(iii) l U f f ................ (vi) l U T
Lesson 66 / 545
Past tense
(i) (iv) ijLjff(5 ................
(ii) uj/T \ (v) uj/f(5
(iii) ujnr(5 (vi) uj/r ................ .
m. Malce one sentence but of two by using a verbal noun following the
model. . , . . , -
Model: ^(rsjr qpt/T6B5TaBGlj5 uiij.6B@CfD65ri
(i) <:9/6v/(5 ;Bffl360/ra= o'lruLS'Qaffa^.
(ii) c9<thui/T <?QtjD@(nyraj<SB; .
(iii) */B^!rtn <35bg2/r(f(i5'Cj60 î^(p fbii'(a5(27(5.
ffi-;6^7^CjS(rQi_ GcuGlso.
(iv) ^su(5 c9/i^<s54- iêffPuirrcâ^LJ Gu/rt^y.
(v) Qggujasff/BjSoir jBTSKsb eT(ipg;(27(f5.
Glggiuarr^^GiggQi GeuGleo.
h. Change the underlined word or group of words to its corresponding
question. " .
(i) ^BiresrjSTSBr Guai-Gpaeir.
(ii) QgQiuairfiêir 6T(tpg;6ar jbireveb Geu^th.
(iii)c9j6ii(5@ 6^(5 L/sfOjSaii G 6 U @ K L D . ,
(i) a_mj Gu/reJr/BtiiLJ/r ffTssrfflfr ?
(ii) 2i_mJisB(gT5i(g jBirsusbG S U ^ J L O T ?, tuira^ 6T(jpg;6Bfg/ Gsu^MtD ?
(iii) GpjSg/6ii(gML(Gso uiri_ix) ujif.#<=gj ttJTîj ?
(iv) si;@L/i-/Gso GjTffG60 ui_ti5 6uQir(S5=^ uj)r(5 ?
sa_(K)ffi$T5a(g^ (ol^fPu-zinir ? ,
(v) a_(Ei(gT5@ Ûf-aasu). <#65PtD(rfii^@Li Gu/rpgi LS'tif,(gu)/r ?
(vi) effeijGeo fiireuo}fflj/râgjjDg/ a-(E/ GeuQeotuir ?
VOCABULARY
Glair 'lend' #g)ja0jS 'short story'
L/U/rsBoraaQjB 'puranic story' êOsSujib 'literature'
cSjiq-aaii). 'often'
GRAMMAR
16.66.174. 6T(y>/ss7-gi is a participial noun in which the verb er(yi^
'write' is conjugated in the third person neuter singular. Example:
16. 66. 174. a-/GJdS(ei$<s@ uj/r(f^ eT(tp^6!nr^ (S CU ^ I /L D ?
16.66.175. LJL).65@j)g/, GqfffDgi, Gu<?fjDi etc., are used as verbal nouns
in Tamil. Example:
16.66. 175. LfîTsmrAaiQ^ uisf.a^pgi eresra^Qifnihu êîih.
eaoQeon: I U J T (5 Guarpagj ?
The verbal nouns may also be inflected. for case as other participiail nouns. It
is important to note that the formation of this type of verbal nouns is restricted
in adding ftnly the pronominal suffix unlike participial nouns. Moreover,
the participial nouns in 16.66.174 are not fiinctionaly. âme as the verbal
noun. But it is very difficult to distinguish one from the other in isolation.
In a sentence, when it denotes the action itself, this may be called verbal
noun. When it denotes something which does the action of verb this may.
be called participial noun. -
16.66.176. Like participial nouns verbal nouns also distinguish tense in
Tamil. Consider the following sentences.
16. 66. 176. &nQsou3(Ieo Siiis eiSiLQs^ 6u;B<sg/ lufr^ ?
The verb roots SUIT 'come', Qgffebgpi 'tell' in the verbal nouns C U ; B < S ^ and
Q^nesreisT^ are conjugated for pqst tense as uu^ 'read', (SUIT 'go' and Gu*
'speak' in the verbal nouns Ui).(i@(Dg/, GufrrDgj. and G L J * ( D ^ are conjugated
for present tense (Refer 16.66.175).
Sandhi : Lfifiremih + G 1 ^ -^LftfiTessraQ^ (Refer S.2 in 1.1)
Lfi/iTem + aQjS > q(nT6in-#6!rPiBfr6iji5@u GuJrpg;
ereura + Lfiâairg/ > eT6sriS(gu li'iif.aafTg; (Refer S.18 in 2.14)
QafrSia^^ymja + ^ QanQA^îBiaerrrr (Refer S.19 in 2.14)
UNIT 16
LESSON 67
ABOUT THE SMUGGLERS
DI ALOGUE
U L _ rr ^ 6L I (BJ UJfTÎJ ?
c S ) 6U U J t i ) . (gO),
GjbijrnesT su yf? ui'G.so
tflLufT j f T ^ 6VJ (2(65) Gil
u ssBT L b 60 so u 6iiin" lb
cSfjBû uem^îrQeo
<:5y6u(o)6!rr d s i r u -
Ult^^ (t pd J - U J I T g J . S T j S ^ -
Who is there in this world who does
not desire (to have) money ? Money
is necessary for all. But the money
earned by somexone not through just
means is not good money. One day
even that money cannot save him.
You know so many smugglers, don't
you ? They are all in prison now.
Whatever they earned is with govern-
ment. Because, the means through
which they earned ,the money was
not good. One must work honestly.
Those who did not work (honestly)
will have to suffer one day.
548 / An Intensive Course in,Tamil
QgguSooQeo @ @ -
^99"^ ereoeonih ^nasna
ejejsr^, u essr <s Q <s i 9=
9u>uiT^99 eu^ êbeugu
ôiQeo, G i Q ic lu rr
s_ Q m s n 0 eu lii a
ffi ffl% i_ LI ij i_ js <B IT dr
DRILLS
a. Variation drill ; .
16. 67177. u6BffrjsgJ@ ca,(o)<ruLJ_/rjS6umii uj/r ?
r Gfiffirasr euifiu3Geo <9=ii)Lj/rjSa5Tg6uC@)(o)L_ ueiwrib
/BfibGO ueroTLO ^sbQeu.
ffi6j^L_ULji_jScs/r6ST CsuîL.
b. Build up drilL
(i) ucBirjSg/* ^QauuiiT^- UOTST^gia ^QiyiJLJL_/rjSSiinsj6s
ajmias uj/r ? ujir ?
uj(r(5 ? ujfr ?
U6BBTj5g/@ LJ(in-<Sg/(S c^(o1(=LJLJI_irjS6UfB/66
ILIff ?
(ii) GjbiiQiciiuir S-Qy)aaiTêiimia GjbiT(o)LDUJiT ffi_(o)y)iB/r^6uni;
<356)%L_LJUL_gjafr607 6)^L_L;LJiAg<8n'sir Geu^tfii)
SuQ^dBirgeifm/s LQ(p<iAirgeurGi<x ?TebeuiTLn
(s>%L_iJUL_jSiST65T Gen^th
6rGbeoiT(rf,ih a6iî_DM,L-i5iSTSBj-
c. Expansion drill
(i) GprnîpiuiT si_Qjp(SâsrrjBSumi
<sBsi^L_LJUi_jS^(r6Br Gai^j/iL.
(ii) Ljawr^gy* ^Q:iJUL_rr-
^/B<s aêoa^g/Geo iufr(!5 ?
(iii) C/BifQiDUJir a_(a){paair^fiiifGia
6%I_MUL_jB^lr60T G6U@)fljb.
^(5JBT|6T5, aB6J%I_lJUL_^<S(Ifir
d. Substitution, drill
(i) s^(o1ffuui_rrjS6umj uj/rcg ?
verb accordingly.
GufT " '
etjiT ' f
GaiST^
(ii) ueiwr^â .J^Q^LJUL-ir^-
eunsja uj(r((5 ?
.- noun accordingly.
/
Lesson 67../ 549
6)i^_iJui_^<STr6Br Gsu^MiL,
GjBitQifiuJir SLG)y)6Bir^j(Bj ,
sTsbsOTjfjii) asi^LiJfcji-^îrfiBr
Gfiu^liin.
ueisTjSâ^ ^(olaiuuiirêunsia
ujiro ?
ueBBTjSg/a ^(ol*L(Ui_rr^JfBj
@îs a-.60iSg/GfiO UJT ?
G/5ir(olu:iujir sL.Q(psîF<seuisja
aei^t-îJuijSîresr GeuîA.
J>(5;BT$T5 si%i_uiJL_^j8n^6Br
Gcuîf)-
diftSltfULiifTjSSUmja uji r ?
'Gufrffi/fjSsii'sia U J T ? ,
<FfrLiLS'i_(r<ssijm/a itJ(rc5 ?
GaaaiTjSAJ/sja tuirti^ ?
a-QjpaafrjseumiauJT ?
îhuiTÂaiTêumis tuira^ ?
. LJ6ror^g/a@ .^Qa'uuu.irêumia
^ûrrujalg c^G)<yuui_nr^sumJa
uji r ?
uj/r ? .
<o)u/r-Qsija@ r^Q-ûuiirêudia
uj/r(i5 ?
e. Transformation drill
(i) ^njTBj* uatsrgg/a' ^Q^d-
cS/eiiiGja G^BirQiciun' s_(ol{p6B
@(D61JITSJ<B. . ,
U_fr<SSLIIE/iSB.
gsumia.
t9/6uni) G/BITQtotufr. si-Qyaaarr-
EXERCISES
f. Fill.tn.the blanks'usmg- the-cues given inparenthesesasîn the model given
below
Model: ................,^Qeo uem^^Sf^ ^Qûui-it^Giimss
UJT(5 ? (world)
(i) rSifiû uem^îrQeoQuj.. ...';.. +<^^<4-'f^''^S'*.(saê)
(ii) .t-ST .^ |5J (@[5@g (olgfPiLju). (smugglers) , ~
(iii) cS)si:(/Bi. ...,...... +Geo â^j^ymja. (jail) r ,
(iv) ^^suffiiaaibu(T^â=g|. J L L GI I âiggj. ^
(government)
iy) uassT^Q^9 9wuii^99... ....(Bsbspgi ^sbQeo. (way)
(vi) uesiTr^Q^.....'........a=9 suy? /Bsbsogj ôiQeo. (earn)
(vii) kL-(?{paa/risnjn5/a.....-...-...-.. + <:9(g g/Tsir Geu^tb. (suffer)
g. .Changethesei sentences into negative participial constructions following
the model. .-; , .\
Model: cS/njf&a Gîq-GuJTa/Gto u'(r(g)mj#.
, Gp-ix).Guj(T6i^Gst) L KTOSBT cB/eiimia . .
GiTuj-Guj/rsi/Gso us5T6iimja.
.. .Q!fi^Qujnei)Geo uiTiii06ijmia ,
(i) ^sum/a usm^Â^- t^Qs=uu(S'rijmi&.
(ii) ,i9/6ii/Eia G^^/rew ffljjûi'Gso usOTTgQjsa s'LbuiTÂînjiii^,
(iii) êuiiia GffiiiQuiiurr S-.Qifi'ka-niiiai.
(iv) /fna^B, affGa=rPGlitja Gailifi-fBia.
(v) u(7(5(2y. . - .
(vi) tS/c5(s?5*uub ^^jS Gumi@G6t) uswrii Guir^cjy.
(vii) fineir uirrfih QaaQm^Gpeir. '
Lesson 67 / 551
Fill in the blanks using the negative participial noun fofrii oif' the veirhs
given in parentheses, .
(ii) êum Gfiifaei^^ anûS^Geo /.i...... (îhun^)
(iv) isiisumiaBGfiirQirmtt (a_Qy5) >
(v) igfiBâ C6fr6i9 li^^ (Caigrj)
(vi) @gJJr6sr.........V. {uitfS)- , < ,i ; -
Fill;in the blanks using the appropriatenegativeconjugate^! noun (negative
participial noun) foirrns of the verb c^jQauu 'like.'.. -
"(i) fBT6BT(masc.)..... ' ' '
(ii) ^ (masc.) ...V.
(iii) ^ (fem.)
(iv) @6 U 6 Br . . . . . ^ . : . . .1 '
(v)-^su..;..'........:-v;;-. '^'i-'-'.
(vi) ^6U(5 / ' .
(vii) jsirdia :
.. . (yiii) JBTID. ,.[:;.
(ix) 0misi.... ..:.....;:,;.,-,,,,,..,,,., .;.,(, V
(x)^6U(BI65. i...
("i) r-""-; '^V'r.''V '.'V
(xii) ^ g j . ' . . . . . , :.
Write the word represented by the formula. .
Example : fiujirâjsir ^ ^ 6^^^
(i) un-(5 + Participial noun (Neg.):
(ii) GldB/T + Participial noun. (Neg.)
(iii) G<F(5 + Participial noun (Neg.) : .
(iy) eâîhLf + Participial noun (Neg.): ............
(v) uT(r(rLl + Participial noun (Neg.)
(vi) ufr + Participial noun (Neg.) ;
(i) /ffmjas u6SDTjSgJ@ <:%Oa=LJUi_/rjS6U!nr ?
(ii) GpifrresT euiûSGeo ffihuirÂairfiajGi^Qi uemih fljstifl)
(iii) ;Snii6Brf'ssPiD/rGsu uiritaair^cup-ir ?
(iv) a_rB/igi5(i@u uuâairsSCumiaSlsmJ li'^.a^guj/r ?
(v) ffi_fBj@5@u ueiOTti) ^sbeorr^scu/EidsQfin-u iStq-Aaaîr 7
(vi) s_rEi6s xo(o)69TaS' uiq-aatrêuiiiaerrii 7
VOCABULARY
frLJunr<ggi,'
GibirQin
asi^L-uu
'world'
'important'
'save'
'prison, jail'
'honest'
'suffer'
'desire'
'just means*
'smugglers'
'government'
'suffering'
GRAMMAR
16.67.177. The negative form of a participial noun is expressed by negative
relative participle (Refer 16.63.171) and the pronominal suffixes -c^ssr or
or -c9yc5 or -^liia or -gj as the case may be. As it is mentioned earUer
in section (16.63) negative in general has no tense in Tamil. Consider the
following examples :
16. 67. 177. uem^Â^ ^Qa=uijinêumi& U J I T ?
GfifrQiniuiT iLGlyjaa/r^sufEja srsiw/r^jii)
d^(ola=iJui_(T^sumji35 and a_0jp<a(rj5ij/Ej are nagative participial nouns
and they are derived from the negative relative participles ^QSFUUL-IT^ and
E-Glyjaa/TcS by adding the pronominal suffix -.^mis.
Sandhi: s_eosih + SL-Geo ->ffi_u^gjGo
ufiiwrto + si_(g ^ usssr^gja (Refer S.17 in 2.13)
UNIT 17
LESSON 68
ASKING WAY TO KANYAKUMARI
DI ALOGUE
aCjja^ ; efuirif, aekasfiuui^wiPAi^
L/jSgy uek) erOiiTuSeo
(Surtuj /fisbgyfE/a.
wri_a(_ff : ^LDirriis. u <s g/
Sir, by which way (one) should go to
Kanyakumari ?
Please go and wait at the 8, 9 and 10
number bus stops.
Will there be any stop at Suchindrum
Yes, sir. (It) will stop for ten
minutes...- Do you want to get down
at Suchindrum ?
aeBbTL_<5_T : vS/l J U ta.657- (6S ) , JbthuiT
T L L (I 6D ejff?* av#;B^-
(TjSgjGfiO S T (D mi o (Bj .
^fBjG<s5 erpmiS jE mi ai
Qunseomh.
ftGjre^ : aesrsiiFuj/rîDff'ui'Ga)
anrQsoiii'GfiO îPGiuir-
aemiAiH : {ipt9.lL /L b. a eJ r si jPujn-
îPGujITÛJlh uiTifss-
eoiTib. m n Q eo u3 G eo
g((Puj efO ^ L D 6ST (t p LD
u/r/r<sBSOfru). ^9) G ^ ir
. eriLiiTih fbihuif ueh)
"(5gi. tS/gjGso 67(T?'?^
a-G[r6i% ; Qijnihu êirriS'rsia.
6iwn_i_/r ; ujfsufrui'suQeo/Bia.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
Yes, sir.
If it is so, please get into the bus No.
8 and get down at S u c h i n d r u m.
Haying got down there you can see
Suchindrum temple.. At six o' clock
the bus No. 10 will come. Boarding
that (you) can go to Kanyakumari.
Can (I) see sunrise in the morning
at Kanyakumari ?
Yes. (you) can (see). (You) can see
sunrise early in the morning by
staying in a hotel at Kanyakumari;
(You) can also see sunset in the
evening. Look ! The bus No. 8 is
comming. Please board that bus and
buy a ticket to Suchindrum.
Thank (you) verymuch, sir.
Don't mention please.
17. 68. 178. ^riim jbthuiT eriLQ usfDsfUL-iruGso Gurrtu ^fisbgjjiE/*.
uirrisaeoiTih.
jff(fij Gpja)(TL.i_6bG60 fiiiiS ^^snQeouS'Geo
^Gturr^njih uhirAaeornh.
Lesson 68 / 555
b. Build up drill
(i) 0msa fiihuir ertl usro
Gumu
Ibihui S T L L
0mia
(ii) *#/B^(Tgg;G6V) erpiiiS ^liis
uiriiAaeoiTiii
G<sauS>Qso
sr^fiîj^^Geo
(iii) jfmia rbihun erriL^Geo 6j^9
Sr^^îjp^Geo eT(DnBj@/5i.
srtpm<^ma
fithun sTL-QGeo
(iv) usroGeo ajn â aeorssfujfr
@iifPLj SufrffisOTii).
aeffrsjPiufrîcfPia
673?
usfoGeu
c. Expansion drill
(i) $ms LiirffaasOTii).
GsfruJiGleou unff&aeonih
0ms, Tbihun S T L L uefDefOL-inJGeu
Guifuu ^sbgjifE/ffi.
GuauJ /fffifagj/fBJS
usfo GtoL-!TuGeo Guiriu jfisbgjjrBja
^LDUlt 6TL L (5 LJafO GfOLffuGfiO
0riia rbthuir eiiLQ ueiv eiOL^rruGeo
Guniu 0eo^!iis.
Sp^Geo erpiiiS 0mtm
GaiTuJ'GlfiOu ulTiTaseoiTib.
unriraaco/Tii)
Gaitu9Qeou unaA&eonih
(fmia GffiiTiiJ'QsDiJ unirAaeonih
srptiiS 0ima GanuS'Qeou
<s.f fB^7^gjGfiU srpiiiS 0iiJa
GiB!ru3Qeou uirHAaecimb.
0tsia rbihun 6TLLQG60 ej^s
*#jj^7^giG60 6Tp3/i5i(gmi.
a-<#/6^7<Sg/G60 sTrDiiif^mj&
6J^9 ffr40^!f^^GsO STnjMijgrEJiS
^BtbUT STll(5G60 ^(r?<S= ff,4fi,^ff0~
*#(B^7^glG60 6T/r3(BJ@(5/6S.
USruGsO 6Tn?'S 6BT63f'uj/T@iJ3ff'a(glJ
Gufrasfiurrii).
Guifmsonth
<sss5T65Puj(r(gu5(P6B(gu GuiTasso/Tii
67/i? a6sr65fuJ(r(gtD(Pa@Li
Gunaeoifih
USfuGeU fi7fI?<SB 6B65r6sfuj(T@UD/f<S(gU
Gufraso/TLD.
fffffiia uiriraasfiOiTU). '
if(Ei Gairui'SlsbLi uirifaaeoirii)
556-1 Aiilntensive Course in Tamil
^cQimSu u(i(riSB60(rLb
(ii) jSiiia iSebîiia.
Quniu êbîiia
(iii) iSiija uirrtAaeoirih-
îPGujiTîuih urrirAseijmb
cWâ/rGleoui'Gso uirnraseoirth
GsjajfTLLL-sbCoso ^lijS UITITS-
U(T(ra560/rLb
Gmnu3Qeou unHaaeonih,
^liim /ffeugynsiffi.
(gnsia Gurruj iSsbîiia.
^liia fbiituii STLLQ uerd eioinuGeo
Guniu 0eb^mis.
jSisim îPGaJnûjih umJA&ecnTih.
fffrefs ^âiTQ60u9G6D îPGujrr-
^luth u/rrrAseoirih.
^ffmjffi GemiTL-iA)Geo ^riiS
airfolsDuJ'Geo îPGiuirûjih unrrsa
SOITLb.
(i) Q : emirir, 6sr6iyPiijfr@u)fP@S T / B ^ eujfiujiru Guiraîh ?
A : jbibuiT 6TiLQ, îhu^, u^gj ueio ek)i-.iruG60 Gurruj
(ii) Q s^^fi^rr^^Geo emiiru ôaogymjassmr ?
(iii) Q : fiiiis mSpbîj^^Geo STtpmsûan ?
A : înnriia.
(iv) Q: 6aT6i(Piu/r@LD(PuJ'Geo sffGlsuufGet) ^ ( P G U J I T ^ I U L D
A : (ipuj.(j4Lb. i
(') cSJgjGst) ejrS'A aesTStsPiurr
LDfPasigLJ Gu(T60frtri.
verb accordingly.
GlcBOTLDL/
(ii) c5>/gi 6i i (5i.
Substitute arid conjugate the
verb suitably.
Gunaeonih.
^gjGso Q&efTiisiSA asffrsffPujfr
(gLDfPaoLJ CLjn-6Ufru).
^g/Geo I _/(D U L J L L (5 assresPuj/r
Lesson 68 / 557
Gun
(iii) rSi^ 6ij(!5iii.
verb accordingly.
Qua
cTfDm;
unr
6U(TfBJ@
f. Integration drill
tS/g; u/rrf<ag/.
Q/j/r@Lb.
(i) ^mj sp GsiJDfrLLisbCJso
jSiEionsja.
îPGiurrîuib ufr^m/a.
(ii) mj<5 GiJirmia.
jf/Bja usro STUL_(nJG6i)
(iii) fB) asJTSBf iij(T(gtrifP(gu
Cu/rasofrin.
(iv) (BJ ueruCeo sjgj/mjas.
EXERCI SES
below.
Model: ufffo etoinuGeo Gunvu- (wait)
ueio 6n)i_(TLjG60 Guniu jfisbgîniis.
(i) s,nQeoa3G<s6.----U!tfiagi (tpn).iqLD(r ? (sunrise)
(ii) lanQeouSGeo + 2i_iii ,uiTfT<B60(TU). (sunset)
mja 6^(5 GfmnCieoGeo ^mS
^^snQeou3Geo îPGiuirîuib
uiTriffmia,
mj GuJTuj uerv em<iTuGeo
Example : eujegj evnr + Verb. Part
(i) GuiT + Verb. Part:
(") ^(5 + Veirb. Part:
(iii) erpmi(^ + Verb. Part:
(iv) UITQ + Verb. Part :
(v) QaT(5 + Verb. Part;
(vi) U19. + Verb. Part:
(vii) (giij. + Verb. Part;
(viii) Geviij + Verb. Part:
(ix) u/r(5 + Verb. Part:
(x) QffuJ + Verb. Part:
i. Use the verbal participle and the suitable finite forms of the verbs given
in parentheses in order.
(i) fiiiia ffiihurr 6Ttl(5C6U ffr^^^^^^Geo
f^p ; sTfljm/o)
(ii) $iii& jrir^-SiP ^ffGujfrgujti
(iii) êii Lfeioês^Qû uuL-ih
(uuf. ; 6Tcipg/)
(iv) c9j6UfB) aûLfeoCffriBQuju rbebeoiru ^
(uffiTfTil ; Gum)
(v) ^6U(lT) L/SfOjS'S^'ol^ 6T6ST<Ll(ol_
(su/r/Bj(g ; QsrrQ)
(vi) ^s)j(5 ereirGlsBru GurkiÂ^ uir^^Qû
(^^(tpauuQ^^ ; ^^H^ûemû)
j. Join each of these pairs of simple sentences into a complex one as shown in
Model: ^liia Guirtiia.
^liis uen) eici^nuGeo /fisogj/zE/iSB.
jgfBja GurrvLi usro erVL-nuGeo 0ebîi]a.
(i) ffrB/a jBibutr eriLQGeo ej^mis.
(ii) jSriia fiû^^Geo STpiii(^rua.
jSiiiA GairaS'Qeou unfrAseoirib.
(iii) ^liia aesresPiurr^LDiPAû Gunaeonib.
Lesson 68 / 559
(iv) 6p(Q GgmjTL-tsbCSso <srej@fEi.
(v) jfffEja usfuGeo ejgi/nsjs.
k. Write tiie word represented by the formula.
Example : QuTtêh Guit + Past
(i) /Ssbgjj + Past:
(ii) ffTn3mj(g + Past: ....
(iii) 67P + Past:
(iv) giEj + Past:
(v) 6u/rm(g + Past:
questions.
(i) /BjSirggjCco ugg/ fiiBe)îh jSaîi.
(ii) c^ptflSBsf @ fithuir ugg; suîi).
(iii) seifT6sPujtTîni?u3Gso îPGiurrîuih uirAAeieoiTih.
(iv) ca'gjGso ejÂ assresfiufToifl/Pa^LJ Gufrason-ii.
(i) 0!iia mmasPu-iiTiûiifAiû Gufrssfnsjasrr/r ?
(ii) a_mj aar^Gso ^rPuj ^sfuîDSwu) ufrffaa (ipii).tL/LD(r ?
(iii) ST^jSigjii /Btbuff uefuGsu cffi? nsia emtD^ #iliq.@u
Gufr6i?mj ?
(iv) rru3eb(SsouS'(rf)p,^ ernoiiiS er^îgîh [BihuiT usfoGfiO errr? 2 _ ( B ;
(v) Gun'ew G^/rci/ srîp^ er^^Qesr L D U /T I S su/rmigsffffEia ?
(vi) j6!n-;&GjsrrpLb ii(Tff(olLL*@u Gufriu afrujaf!?
sufrfB/^fiffB/afffrff ?
VOCABULARY
/gsbgpj 'wait' /ffsbgjj 'stop'
g^fPGiL/Tjaiuu) 'sunrise' ^fPuj êfDjguiswii) 'sunset'
GRAMMAR
17.68.178. Following the Unit 16, this Unit introduces the compound sentence
called verbal participle or past participle or adverbial participle. This form
of compound sentence is widely used in Tamil. The compounding in this
type of sentence is generally done by a non-finite verb or a sequence of non-
finite verbs (subordinate clause) 'and a finite verb (main clause). Whereas, in
a complex sentence similar non-finite verbs in the subordinate clause cannot be
sequenced with the finite verb in the main clause. That is, a sentence like
fBTfiST C/B^y uiTiT^^ epQssT emuiueir svfi^neii is considered to be ungram-
matical. Now let us consider the following sentence.
17. 68. 178. jSiiis jbibuif erLLQGeo ejiffi^ a^^fiîj^^Qeo
In this sentence, the non-finite verb is e^n? 'having got into' which may be
called verbal participle. It is, here, compounded with the finite verb erpiij^mis
'(you) get down'. As we indicated earlier, this non-finite verb can be
sequenced with other non-finite verbs also. For example, the sentence
'jSfBJ<K jbthuii STLLQGSD sjrff, U^-AQSLL euniiiS Sr^^^tj^^Qeo ^roiiiîiia
is considered to be grammatical. In English, this form of expression is
organised by a series of finite verbs joined by conjunctive particles. A verbal
participle form is expres.sed by a verb stem consisting of base verb and its
corresponding past tense marker and the suffix denoting verbal participle. See
67 (T? 'having got into'
erroriiS 'having got down'
^riiS 'having stayed'
eurriiiS 'having bought'
Guniu 'having gone'
In the above mentioned forms the base verb and the past tense marker may be
represented as follows.
^S>1 + ^
6T/DfEi(g +
6U(TfE;@ +
Gun + lu
67 p?
1 : eunriiS
: Guniu
'having got into'
'having got down'
'having stayed'
'having bought'
'having gone'
Note that there is no suffix to indicate the verbal participle. Also note that
the verbs like S7g)j'get-into', srpfBj 'get down' etc., have two past tense
markers and -m-. is added" to the stem when the verbal participle
is consituted. -sir- occurs elsewhere (as in ej^Gesreir 'get into-I' etc.). In
the case of the verb Gun 'go! -lu- may be treated as the past tense marker.
The verbal participles do not give the meaning of past tense markers. The
tense is always denoted by the finite verb in the main clause. For example, in
the sentence 'jSmjs ueio erVinuGeo Gunuj fieb^raa the meaning of
future is conveyed by the imperative verb ;gsbg2//Bi '(you) wait'. Similarly,
negation is alo expressed by the negative finite verb. In Tamil, verbal parti-
ciples are used in many ways. In this lesson we are chiefly concerned with a
kind of verbal participle form which is used to express the continuation of the
action expressed by the finite verb in the main clause. Example:
Lesson 68/561
17. 68. 178. friis rBLbuir S T L L ueki eroiiruQeo GufruJ
U S T U C PS D ajp? assrsjf uj/r^LDfPa^ L J Quns,eonih.
Sandhi 31. The consonants , iF, jS and u are always doubled after the verbal
participle ending in Example :
suîuiT f Guiraîh > euîunu Quirssîh (Refer S.21 in 3.20)
UNIT 17
LESSON 69
MEETI NG A FRI END AFTER SOMETI ME
DI ALOGUE
<n-(l!r6i%: 6ijem'Aa!B}a.-..S-riisQerTU
ufTfTjEg/ Qijitihu fineiTiT-
^(5(g3fmj6n-iT ?....!biTin
G!rs)% : tîBrr/Bja .... eff iL QG so
iuiT(rr,ih êoQsomiasniT ?
jipiTjSifi :^sbQsoriis....ersir LdQesTsS*
sm (IT) A u GuiTuj
ClirsBOT (y)^ sun i; th
c^ffft .... G en (ol a s i r
Vanakkam, sir... It is many days
since I saw you, isn't it ?
Yes, sir. How are you ? ... It may
be a month since we met, isn't it ?
Yes, sir... Is there nobody in the
house ?
No, sir. It is three weeks since my
wife went to (her) native place... It
is a vacation (you) see.
Lesson 69 / 563
siQge^ : iSiiia Q u no ^ aar (5
aGtr6i% ; jSiiia QuiraQeoiuir 7
(t pi f jS i S : rbireir G <F6U ^ a @ i j
6U(f56i%ii) c ^ j =* . . . .
G;B!ru?6b(o)60(Bia.
(Dg/ Sljrfriiiua 6iî_tc,
?60 ?
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
Which is your native place ?
Salem.
Is it that your birth place ?
Yes, sir. But it is ten years since we
came to this place.
Didn't you go (to your native place)?
It is approximately three years since
I went to Salem.... (There) is no time.
Yes, that is right, sir It is very
difficult for you to find time, isn't it?
Yes, sir.
17. 69. 179. 2i_fE/Q6Tru urr/r^gj Qijtrthu rbnerrir^^.
6T6ffr inGlsijrsiS' aarâû Quiruj jp^j; eunrnh c%i=<.
IbTssr Gff60jagija(gij GuiruJ Gljrswr 6ii(rê^th
b. Build up drill
(J) H-iiimQerru UITIT^^ Qi;nihu
^BTSTTiraa
GljrrrLDU
a-fEjaQsiTLJ urrii^^ Qijinbu
jbrrenrra^s^.
jBrT6TT/raa
QijiTtbu /Birerr/raa-
u/r(f{Sgi QfriTihu jbrrenrraFSr
^Bfsirfraa.
(ii) iBnii i9^(6j#3v fij)(5LDfrffU)
JBJTLD
(iii) 6T68T inQsBTSiS' sar(5@u
GuffuJ eufrtrtb r^**.
Gurruj
(iv) ^fffiia ^/B^ SEr(g 6u;BgJ
u^g/ 6i)(56i%tii
aar(/5<s6(g
jBfr;5J
c. Expansion drill
(i) a-nsjaQerru u/r/r^gj
rbirenrrffsr.
Qijnihu fBiTsrr/T**
(ii) iB/T(5J<S5 61/fBgi U^gJ U((5l%til
E6!r(5@ CD/Bgy uggj
61/(5Sl^tl
jBrrn) 9ffi^9ffr eptQwnffih ^(5@u).
6p(5 LD/r<yib @(/5<s@io
^/ru) 90êf9t 6^(5 LDH^w ^(5@L D .
CT6BT itiQeuTsi? a6Dr(gu Qumu
(jp@j; 6U/T7t. c^<j=.
(yD@U 61/^(710 ^<9=ai-
GuiruJ (ip@u euffjrii) .âa-
eunifih c ^ f f *
OTCJr LDQeBTSi? ssr()5ij Guiriu
(tp^ suaijih ^j)9.
j;Bgi u^g/ 6U(56iîi c5i)<9=*
as!r(^ ,S(g 61/^gj u^gj 6i;(5sij.ii)
6U(l5S)%li) ^f f f l r
s_/BjaQ6rru u/r)fggj /B/rerrnraa-,
_(BjaQen-u Lwr/f^gj GljriTLbu
jBfr6rr/r<9=*.
jbTrii& aj^gj uggj 6U(i56iîi) c^ffav-,
jbniiia ^/Bg.2fir(5iSG@ su^BgJ ugg/
(iii) eresr wQGiyrsi5> Guniu (ifi^
euni^th c ^ f f * .
sar(f5(gLJ Guniu (jp^y eiini;ib
(iv) itneiiT Guniu Q J T C O T T eu(iê)^,ih
Lesson 69 / 565
ersBT inQesreS Guniu cu/rjrm
( t p ^ eunifLb c ^ * * -
/Birejr Gu/ruj Qirswr suêiîi
(i) Q E_fBja(ol6iriJ ufffr^gj Sl^^frLDu rbnerrnaFffr, ÂtQeoiiiaenn ?
A : ^LD/r/Bjas.
(ii) Q : e)SLL(SG60 iun(iT)ih^6bQeoims6nn ?
A : ^sbQsoiiia.
Q: a_(Ei Qs-nnap^ aar srgj ?
A : GffsuiL.
(iii)
(iv)
Q:
A ;
;f/Ej Gu/TG1si;uj(r ?
G^jr u5'6t)(ol60/E/a.
(v) Q;
A
(i) ^/ru) *jSjSff p(5LDfra=ii)
^(ijiSBîi), ^sbGso ?
verb accordingly.
Gun
(olafrsbgji
^6bG60 ?
jbnin Guniu s^ mnaîh ^(5a@tr),
êbGeo ?
^(5@ir), @6bG60 ?
^nrixi (ol/T(Si}Sg; 6p(5 LOfrffLD
@(5@ii, ^sbGeo ?
/BTin L/fljuuil 6^(5 LDnaib
^(!T)S(îh, fÂiGeo ?
^{5@l), @6t)GU ?
êoGeo ?
^6t>G60 ?
(ii) rbrreir Guiriu SILU-^^L-L.
Gljrfiror suêiîi â=ir.
Substitute
ffrLDITif
c9(Gj6U3(T
(iii) ;B'r6iJr Gaeo^îû GUITIU
Substitute
Lorraii
@( 5 ( g L b , ^sbGeo ?
jB/rssr GuiTtu (frinnn QijemQ
S I /f l J S l ^ L b c â * .
/B/reir Ga=fi0^gju GufruJ (ip@);
^rrsir G<yo^^@u GurruJ (ipî/
^BTsir Ga60^gj(gtJ GuiruJ (ip^
jBirsJr Gacu^âîJ Guniu (tpû
6T5r LoGleursi? aarâû GurruJ
(BTssr Ga60^ g /(g L J Gurruj
(i) jbiTLD a^^â^Ganih.
Gurrtg).
;B(T65r Ga=60jSg/<siJ Gurr-
Gcursir.
rS/g/ OpfSBWI SU(561%li) t%a*.
EXiERCISES
below.
Model: si_rB/ ffrgj ? (native place)
&_rGJS QdFTjBr^ star ?
(i) /Birsir Guiriu U(56i%tr) âa-. (approximately)
(ii) /ff/BWB ; B ^ Sfir cS /g/jST ? (be born)
(iii) aviDffrr Uji^ (year)
Usson 69 I 567
Example : ^fifBÔr + Verb, Part
(i) + Verb. Part:
(ii) 61*/rebgj; + Verb. Part:
(iii) 6TQ + Verb. Part;
(iv) tjrgy + Verb. Part :
(v) js/T + Verb. Part;
(vi) aaril + Verb. Part:
(vii) un-(rfrtl(5 + Verb. Part:
(viii) ail + Verb. Part:
(ix) ^q. + Verb. Part:
(x) Gi@5 + Verb, Part:
Fill in the blanks using the verbal participle form of the verbs given
in parentheses.
(i) E_mjQsTru (ol;r(TU)u ^BTsir/r**. ( U T )
(ii) jBTLD 6^(5 LDiraih âigLb. (<9=/B<)
(iii) inGlsBTsi? SMfiÂû ....QiêmQ stiirijih t^ff*. (GUIT)
(iv) jbniiia @/6iE sariTja^ UjSg)6U(56i%u) âs^. (euir)
Join each of these pairs of simple sentences into a complex one as shown in
Model : fiireir SiiisQmu ufrff<sG<s65T.
G)i;iTihu tbirerrnig,^.
fBircBT simiaQenu u/r/rggj Qijirihu jbnemi^^-
(i) IbTlB fffi^sGsiTLb.
(ii) CT65T inQesr&S' ssrc5@LJ Gu/n gj).
cSigJ (oliTssirr (tp^H evnifih ^99^.
(iii) jbiTiiis -^fi^ ssa(if)A^ evfiG^nih.
(iv) ^nreir GffeOjSgja^tJ Gu/rGeiresr.
(v) ^ffir ^^jSLJ L/6Ti)gjZ(olg 6i/(rmi(gG6!rr6ffr.
;B/Tg2/ JB(T(g[5
Change the underlined word or group of words to its corresponding
questions.
(i) IblTin 9^^9ff, 6^(5 LDITSlh @(5g5Lb. ^
(ii) sTsJr inQstsreB 2ar(5@tJ Guniu (y3@w euiti^th ^99r.
(iii) Dmia QSFIT^^ aar GaewiL.
(iv) ffi_/Bj(ol6TTij i_i/r/f}SgJ Q^nihu pirsirnr^.
1. Write the word represented by the formula. . '
Example : O J ^ GJ ET U ) euff + Past
(i) u/r + Past:
(ii) ff/B^ + Past:
(iii) Gu/r + Past:
(iv) Qa\u + Past:
(v) fffruLfi + Past:
(vi) L\oouuQ + Past ;
(vii) Gunr + Past :
(i) ^Kiit a_mj6B inQaneQQuju unn^^ GljrfrLbu ^nenaêFr,
êoQeo ?
(ii) ffi_mj Qa=frjB}S aar sTg/ ?
(iii) ^liia er^fb smtTf^Qeo ^fiîuiâ GeuQeo unriAQ)(^!iia?
(iv) cS/JBjS ,2araBLj Guniu er^^Qesr eij6i%in t^ffav ?
(v) ;f iGj<95 fflnLD^<s@ euflj^ sr^^QesT eufrjrib .^^ff* ?
(vi) jffiaa er^^Glew 6u6i%u)(r ^rfifPoj/r/r GeuQeo unnA@iSmia ?
(vii) a_f5/ iT 5 @ 6B6i9uj;T65iirti) I^^^Q&ST 6u6i%ii) ?
(viii) jf/ijffi ^fb^ ^65r6fOi).i9.yj,LL(5G60 Gfffi/Bgj ei^csGleifr in/rcytn
c%#a^ ?
V O CABU L ARY
'become' (O1LJ(D 'be born'
SiLi^îLi 'approximately'
GRAM M AR
17.69.179. As we noted already a verbal participle is formed by a verb stem
consisting of base verb and its corresponding past tense marker and the suffix
denoting verbal participle. The following verbal participles are formed by
means of the suffix -ffl_.
u/r + + 2 - unn^^ 'having seen'
^"^0 + # j + a_ : #j6<** 'having met'
eu + fi^ + ffl_ ; eu/Bgj 'having come'
We a'so noticed in the previous lesson that verbal participles are used in many
ways. Let us consider- in this lesson the verbal participles which denote a
period of time that lapsed since an action expressed by a finite verb in the
main clause has begun. Example :
Lesson 69 / 569
17. 69. 179. e_(Bi6BQsrru u/r.T ;Sg/ QirinDU jBffsrriT^gj.
ereir uitaWci? srs@u GufruJ (tp^ suiririi) d^ '9=<'^ '
Sandhi 32- The consonants A, ^ and u are always doubled after the
verbal participle GuiruJ. Example:
CuffuJ +SiLip^Ci Gu/rul/i .fiilL-jS^SLLi GljrsnirT
îPfiirm + liia #rf*jff/B/ (Refer S.30 in 16.61)
UNIT 17
LESSON 70
ABOUT THE PREPARATI ON FOR EXAMI NATI ON
DI ALOGUE
6T I J U I 1J .L J ui^-a-
djj,!ni)ii'@g/fBi....;6 b -
<FfPuJ/TU Utq.<SiS (ip tq. -
Please come Suresh! When does
your examination start ?... How are
you studying ?
Examination starts by next month...
(I) am studying well. Only this
grammar I am not able to read well.
Please read (it) for two or three
times. (You) will understand.
Lesson 70 / 571
s-nssriiis,- 4 fP uj Gl 60.
/BUaUJU-ITSl/li U\^.9Srij
UL^SSrU UIT if A(TTf (T^.
Q lbQ ID lu Li 1 u (g <5
c^6U(i5a@Lb L/iPujQso.^
(tpii^^ : Q#so Ljn'ai'sroTGii_ /ff(Bj
6T(j|)gjn3g/ ? uiT/faaseon'Lb;
GunruJ u Ufr^reja.- - . L/rP
Qff/T6b6S' (ol;r(5LJujT(5.
svG!r6i% ; fffPraas. ^65PGL D , r9l su-
Q jr g jS T sir G u / i i u u
Ufrffi9B@i;ii). G 6U G jD
6Uj^ 145160(0160. eudpiiia.
(ipirfb^ : euumia.
(I) have studied .again and again, sir.
(I) do not understand. Narasaiah also
goes on studying repeatedly. Many
portions are not clear even to him.
You must write again and again some
of the grammatical points.
Howmany times do (I) have to write ?
Let (me) see ; (1) will still try.
(You) please meet Professor
(Sundaram) also again and again. He
will explain the portions which (you)
do not understand.
Alright, sir. Hereafter, (I) should go
and see him. There is no other way....
(I) take leave of (you), sir.
Please do.
DRI LLS
t. Variation drill
17. 70. 180. jbttûjiua ut^.9gû uu^ssû uir/ra^ ffty.
jSiiia sT(Lp^ eT(ip0Lj uiiirAsB^)]th.
fiiia QutfiTîfiuQiju GuiTiuu Gu/rul /u uf r^ ni /a.
rbireir J ^ ^ U L J J S ^ U L S ' L J uu^ssnsat.
17. 70. 181. êtsPQin, cS/suQîSgfrssr Quniuu uitiiaaîh.
h. Build up drill
(i) IBIJ91LJUJIT uuf.aarU uuâaiû îjaiuiun uuâsru uufSFauli
u(rff<sB(27(5. ufrff(g(2?(5.
Ljn-iT(B(g(2y U (Tff(g(iiy(5
fiija-iuiLin rb^fuinuir uit^sffru uti^.3=3TLj
urj IT AQ(itj (If).
572 I Ari Inteniive Course in Tamil
(ii) 0iiia sT fip^ 6T(Lpû
(iii) GuirnfiiPiuQiju Guniuu
(Suniuu urr(5(B).
duiTtu
Guiriu
GuijirfiiPiuQix
(iv) ffciTfior j(5UL?<B ^(rf)UL9u
ui^-ifs-naai.
ui^.S'fnS'ffr
^(FffUlS
c. Expansion dril l
(i) iSiiix u i Tc r f f i i t m . .
GUITIUU UI T( l ^l i l S
GuifirfiiPiuQiju uiT(i^mis
(ii) rbueir ULj-a=a=/r<?ii-.
^ ( f f f Ul S u Ul i ) . a aH'SF 3^
(iii) /B!T#uJiUTS)ijti3 ui4.<?arLj
LJ/TTacgcjy.
UlifiFWlJ UL^.'SFffrLJ
6T (l p^ l J IJITffatSB^tb
/ff/Hias sT(i^^ er^û uniiAaîh.
GuiTf.-^fPujQijriJ Guniuu Guiriuu
GuiTiuu urT(f^(5ia
Guiriuu GuiTiuu ui r^ rs/*
Guj^ fr.^ ff'iuQ^ u G L J / T U J L J Gui ri i J i J
^(iTfUiSu uir).#ff/r<9=*
^(IffUlS^ ^(IT)UlSu Ullf.(J=ffT#*
uiâân^ffr.
;gmj65 GuffuJ u ui r^mjaB.
jSnaa Guiriuu Guniuu uir^ m/as.
;S(Bi(S Guirfr^ ^ fPiuQiriJ Guniuu
Guniuu un(rr)iiia,
rbneir u^.o'SPndFs^.
^BfTSJr ^(IT)UL9U LJii).**(r.y<9i-.
JBT6ST ^ (T J U L ?^ ^ (f J l J l J u
^Bfieir ^60f f i 65i i r^Q^^ ^ (jt J i J js
ibiâ-tutuneîh LJii).a=avu iJ/rrf^@(27(!5'
jBtTffuJujirsi/ii) u(j).*<s-LJ utq-^ nj
ufrfT(27(5.
Lijffiuiuneiîh îBy) êosaem^-
QÛ UUf-fFiSrU Ulr).a=LJ
Lesson 70 / 573
(iv) ;gffii STfip^tJ UfTfTiSbiSB^MLb.
d, Question-Answer drill
(i) Q : aumidB Gîfsiy s t l j u .i^jruiLS'aog/. ?
A : G^/fsiy cSy^^ iniro'ih îîhiS'Ai^^riia.
(ii) Q: eruuLf-U uui.Aig,rSiiia ?
(i) firro'iijiuiTexiLb l j i).#u
verb accordingly.
6u/r
Guir
Glair
(ii) ffTjSjsGlsur jSt-Glsum/as
verb accordingly.
Lj/r(T^(ny((5.
[bija'ujiunemh a=/riJLS'LLff
#ffLiLS'LLLJ LJT(r@(2y((5.
IbffO'iuujiTeinb Gumuu Guiriuu
ST^;S(ol6ijr îQeumis 6T(tpgy(D^ ?
eTjSjsSlesr jSi_(ol6UfEJ uuf.sr^p^ ?
6T<S}S(olsr jSiGleumja Lj(r(f<B(g(Dgj ?
sT^jSGlsisr ^(_(olsu(Sj
(oltr@p^ ?
QUIT s t ^ ^ Qs w î^Qeuriia Gurrp^ ?
(iii) û9{p ^soamemih q/fiuGlso. î^y> ^soA.6ssTth LjiPiuQeo.
Substitute
un-!_r) î^jpu utTiih LfiPiuQeo.
ui_ii) îi9}puui_Lb L//PujGl60.
a=m/(5<SLb îi9jp(j= a^riidîh LfiPtuQeo,
fBirffiuuJiT i_/ii}.<5(g(nj'(5.
jfffEi GufTUJLJ U(T(5fBi. ;f fEi GuiTUJU GuiTUJU UlT^miS-
jipiia> Guijiiis.
E X E R C I S E S
below.
Model: Gîis^ sriju ? (begin)
(i) + &TU uir).d5 (y3i|.ujQ6U. (grammar)
(ii) GlirsBBT LJ4.(EJ. (times)
(iii) uii}.cj=a=fra=cj^(sj. (again and again)
(iv) QijemQ ofi^jl uuîiis. (times)
(v) ^fflh-gyub.. GpeiT, (try)
h. Wr.te the word represented by the formula.
Example : cj^jgriiiiJii^dr cîrLbL? + Verb. Part
(i) ffTfipgi + Verb. Part:
(ii) (ipiupfiQîu + Verb. Part:
(iii) Gev(o)eouiT([^ + Verb. Part;
(iv) QeuQeiTiuirQ + Verb. Part:
(v) ^(!T)U^ + Verb. Part;
(vi) L/(P + Verb. Part:
Lesson 70 / 575
i. Fill in the blanks using the verbal participle form of the verbs given
in parentheses.
(i) jBCrûJiu/T U(T/fig5(2y(5. (uu^)
(ii) ^m&.- unnA&^fiib. (eTQ^^)
(iii) u/T(5(Ei. (euij)
Model: ^/e) er(tp^LJ uirHAs^îh.
(i) ^liia Qunuju u!T(rîiia.
^liia Gurrriis.
(ii) jSriis uii).ffsnj uiT(i^ri]a.
(iii) ibtiesT su/Bgj uirHA^GiDesT.
rbnarr euGpeh.
(iv) jsnesT QaîrAie&u unira^Gp^.
jBfTsar QfffrebgyGrDSBT.
Example : LJL).i7<9'irni<s uuf. + Past
(i) cîrtiiLS' + Past:
(ii) ^(guq + Past:
(iii) T(ipgj + Past:
(iv) Qfftu + Past:
(v) Qg^neb^ + Past:
(vi) Glffi/r + Past ;
(i) êoA&6SSTih + sr : (ii) /BtrûJujir + er :
(iii) LfiP + : (iv) uuÂsr + uii).a=*
6uy? + ^sbQeo : jSîJiJ' +j S ^ u l ? :.
(i) a_fs; G^/TSi; eruu c%!riiL5'ffi(gg; ?
(ii) 2_fKJ<35igT5@^ !SLi9(p ^soaasBimi l j i Pi l / l d i t ?
(iii) jfi^ffi û9jp ^sDaiiSBSSirT^Q^^ ^(if)UL3u uiq-A^rSrii^^T 7
(iv) jffmjffi ^ff6Yi)i_6bG6D î^(o)(p 67 (tp^ er(Lpû unirA^cSiiiaeTTiT ?
(v) ;f m/ffi a_fEj c^^/f ujGljru Gu/ruJtJ Gu/ruJu urrffaQfffiEJdsetTff ?
(vi) LDffffleoui'Gso GlsuQsrrujfrii). QeuQsrTtunts^ S-L-ihQuAiisonLh
V O C A B U L A R Y
cîTtiiL? 'begin' 'next'
êoiaemih 'grammar' îjih 'times'
^ ( ^ u l S ' j B i^cjuL?'again and again' û-Qeu 'times'
(tpiupS Qs'uJ 'try' Qff/rsbaS'a Q<sbt'teach'
êsPGin 'hereafter'
G R A M M A R
17.70.180. We noticed in 17.68 that different verbal participle forms may
be sequenced at a time with the finite verb in the main clause. When the
two identical verbal participles are sequenced with the finite verb they together
express continuous or repetitive action. See the following examples. "
17 . 7 0 . 18 0 . piijfujiun uu^.a^mu uuêFsû unnA^^fQ,
Gu^lT'^lfluQlJU GuiTiUU GUITIUU UIT(l^lilS.
17.70.181, êisPGin which means 'hereafter' is a sentence conjunction.
Example :
17 . 7 0 . 181. êsPGiD, êuQij^îrm- Guniuu uniiaaîh.
Sandhi 33. The consonants , j , ^ and ij are always doubled after the
verbal participle ending in-j_ preceded by two identical consonants. Example:
Gumu + un(r^riia > Gumuu urr^fEia (Refer S. 32 in 17.69)
er(t^^ + unnAm^}iih ^ eTripû unriAa,^)]Lb
jfifjLJL? + LJii).#a=(ra=- >. i([5iJL?ij Lj^.<Fff/T (Refer S.31 in 17.68)
êoAasmih + sr êoAaessr(Refer S.17 in 2.13)
eruuuf. + uuf.A{QiSiiim sruuLf-u uu^-A^jSriis
fffPujfr + uuf.s&Qeo > a=(PiijiTiJ ui^.asQeo (Refer S.21 in 3:20)
U N I T 17
LE S S O N 71
ABOUT THE EXAMINATION
D I A L O G U E
(tpiT^^ : nffl G 60 IT * G (T 6% f
aemQwebeOTrih qrPu^^T ?
ffi-Cirei^ ; ûuu uijeuiruSAiQeoiija.
G60a=iruqfPu-/gi. Guirirrf'-.
@(27(!5--" <SBSl^L_tJUL_ITLD
u_/LDir ?
Hallo Suiesh! Are you meeting
Professor (Sundaram) ? Do you
understand all the grammar now ?
Now (it) is not bad, sir. (I) slowly
understand. Professor (Sundaram)
is also teaching (me). Is it possible to
learn gramrhar without exerting one-
self ? I don't think.
5781 An Intensive Cowse tn Tamil
(ipiT^^ : S- tmQ li) js /r mi <95
ffrQê^. g)c5 # id lu li
aem& G as efr a @ tj
auj-fiwiDn-tJ u (T uiiT-
IDSOIT ueOeST (o1*(o)l_@1i?
afftn u L). @y ti)....
G lb ^ ^ 6765r jbijs'iuujrT
^miGa eiijriTLD 6i?lL(5<
@U Gu/T(6B){(5 ?
DR I L L S
a. Variation drill
17 . 7 1. 182.
h. Build up drill
(i) ^soeortu uuÂmirui Gassfro?-
@tj Uj^sb 6T(y)^ (iplI).UJ/Tg/.
(iptI)-UJffgJ
That is true, Mr. Suresh. I suffered
once not understanding the English
grammar. Then, (I) worked (very)
hard.
(We) cannot answer the grammar
question well without studying
hard. Can one get benefit without
working hard ? You tell me.
That is true, sir. We should study
without tiring. Why did Narasaiah
go to (his) house without coming
here yesterday ?
He had an urgent work. That is
why, he did not come, sir.
Oh ! Is that so ?
(tpirj-UJ/Tg/
T(ipjS (tpir).ujirgj
GasfrsiJaû uêb <^n^s
^miSeo êoAmemti) t-iiPturruy fiireir 6U(2j<sû
uil.Ci_6aT.
auêsTiniT urrOuinrujeOfr usossr (o)<Slt_@m ?
Gu/r (SB) (5?
/Bsbso/r
(ii) /BJTsJr ^riiSeo êoA&emih
nj(5^<SLJULL(2t_sBr
LflPlUULD
(iii) am-^LDiTU uirQuLîTiDeoir
ueossT (ol(o)i_(5@u) ?
u/T(5Lj(_fri)60n' ueoeir
(iv) ^liisi <S5siî_ULji_(rm
(tpt^tLfLDIT ? *
c. Expansion drill
(i) fiiim uisi-Aa (tpLj.(iju3/r ?
61%l_UUI_(ri)LI U<}.
Lesson 7f / 579
6U(5^<SLIl-JLLGL_6Jr
q/Puj/rua 6U{i5^îJutlGi_6sr
61J((5^ jSULIL-GtSBT
ouf-esTiDiTU uirQuL-irweoiT ueosir
SlSêSTLBlTU UirQUtITLDeOlT U606r
(ol(oli_<5igii) ?
uiq-isa (tpuf-iLfinn ?
UUÂ& (tpUf-lLILDIT 7
^somaemih unâs (tfivû-iiniT ?
ui^.as (tpin-iLfwiT ?
jîEj<sB a65^_iJUL_/rii ^60&aemih
^riis ut^-Aa (tpisîLjiDir 7
jffiEia ^6oAa>6ssTih ujq.**
(tfiUf.tk4wiT 7
^liia aeîuuiiTw êoaaemih
5S0 I Ari Intensive Course in Tamil
(ii) /ffBja ffT(ip<s (Lpiq.ujn^.
(3afiTrn5'<s@Li uêb sT(t^^
(tpuj-UJ/rg;.
(iii) jbtTOfT 6U((5^^tJLJLLGl_65T.
JC5^^tJULLGL_6iJT
(iv) ^liia uisÂmîh.
(i) Q
A
(ii) Q
Gu/Tl6B)(5 ?
(i) uirQuiiTtDu ueosir
verb accordingly.
a61%l_LJLJ{5
GeuQeo UIT^
Udf.
(o)<sfr(9
uiT(5u(_rrLDiJ ueoesr Gl(oli_a(gLD(T?
asi^L_tJLji_ffLDiJ usosir (o1(o)l_<sb
Gsu(olso L/fT/raa/rLDLJ usosir
(o1(ol(_a@u5nr?
(ipujji)#(ol<yuJuj(Tiiu usosir
uuj-aa/Ttcu usosir QaQiÂ^LDiT ?
6T(ipîTL0u usosir 61(oli_iS@ixi(r ?
Qa/T(5frLDu usosir
(o)(oll_@U3ff ?
a'^Âmnwu usosir (olQi_a@mfr ?
Lesson 71 I 581
(ii) GujTfr^fPuj^Lb Qa/rsboSia,
verb accordingly.
6T
(iii) ^nsi^so ^fiOaaeniiTLb
Substitute
iSB65T6i!ri_(ub)
(i) /BirsJr 6)%i_L/utl
(ii) (Bfrssr ^sbsofrtj uiq-jav u^6b
6T(ipg/G6itr60T.
(iii) ib^9ijLHU!T ^fBjGa 6i/;sgJ
GufTtSB)(r5.
(iv) fBfresr Gu!r(T#/f'uj(5<LL(o)i_LJ
LIU).**Uff tlGlff ST(y)gjG65r6aT.
E X E R C I S E S
Gu(r/r#/Puj((5iJb QffirsboS'.s
<o)iSB(T<S(g(27(5-
Gu!r(r#/Puj((5iii unn^Â
(o1(r@(27((5. .
Gu!r/T^(Puj(5ub a(DiJ'**a
Gu!rTi#f?uj(5ii) 6T^g/<5
,(olTi@(27c!5-
t^fEJiSso ^60fi!wrLb L/fPujQeo.
asJrffirL- ^soaaeiwrijb i_//Puj(ol60.
UL
STfip^GeirreBr.
Gu/r@)(5.
^(rsar Gu!r/r;#/f'uj(5dSLL(b1i_LJ
LJli).<S6frt) UrfL-Glff 6T(ip^C6ffT6aT.
Fill in the blanks using the cues given in parentheses as in the model given
below.
Model ; @LJu LJ:PILJ0I. (slowly)
(i) Gu(rff#/Puj(5ii) ,....iSB@(27(5. (teach)
(ii) .^miSeoêoAsemth Lii?ujQeQ. {once)
(iii) rbireir Qi;iTihu + LLGi_ir. (feel sorry)
(iv) -f-c^"> êoaassini) uuÂa (ipisû-iiniT ? (suffer)
(v) ssuêsrmn + îneoiT ueosir (ol(oli_<a@Lb ? (work)
(vi) u(TUL_frin60(r <olQi_@iii ? (benefit)
(vii) êufâo sp G6u(ol6U^(5;B^g;. (urgent)'
Example : ub).A<KTUi uuj. + Verb. Part. (Neg)
(i) Uff + Verb. Part. (Neg.) :
(ii) + Verb. Part. (Neg.) :
(iii) Glarr + Verb. Part. (Neg.) :
(iv) 6UT + Verb. Part. (Neg.) :
(v) QsiiQsrrujfJ + Verb. Part. (Neg.) :
(vi) Cl,sr5 + Verb. Part. (Neg.) :
(vii) 6T(tp^ + Verb. Part. (Neg.) : .,
i. Fill in the blanks using the negative verbal participle form of the verbs
.êoA&ssanh uisÂm (tpuf-iLfwir ? (aej^L-UU)
'LD jbnsir 6U(5<s^LJULLd_6Br. (f^fP)
LJ^st) 6T(Lp^ (ipU).UJTgJ. (l/UJ.)
usosir (pla{o1i_<36@iiiT ? (unQuQ)
......Gu(r(S5)(f5. (suff)
(i) jff/5i ^60iSsiiin'Lb uiq-aas QfiiiîLfLDiT ?
Gu!7(r#/Puj([5 Qa^nebe&A (o)a5(r LDinLiiT(rf).
(ii) ffiTsir (oljririjDu sii^^^LJulLGisir.
CTSiir^ ^ril^SO ^60<S65TLD LJiPujQsO.
(iii) 2J_mj6rr(T(ol60 Qaeh&S'Aû u^sb 6T(Lp^ (ipiq.tuiT^.
/fffBJa ^BSbsOJTU UtI).<3B6SLD(rLLle./5/d5.
(iv) a!_(Biffiisir5(gu usosir QaQis^Lcur ?
filiia lq.S3TUDTU Ufr(5ut_tlfrLllfi./5j.
(v) jB/7#iiJuj(r 6t / bj G GtJfri6S)(5 ?
fbtjaîuiuir G/B^gj ^fEiGa sujrQso.
k. Write the word represented by'the formula.
Example : unj. jC*sir uti). + Past
(i) su(f5^ûu(5 + Past:
(ii) + Past:
(iii) u(Tu(5 + ,Past:
' Lesson 71 I 583
(i) uuÂaniD + : QgiuujniXi -\- ^ :
a_<ol{p<frLD + ^ : (oleuQsrrujfrL-iTLD + ^ :
(i) ueheiPAah-i^^Gso ^liiSeo êoiaemih LjiPiumn jSiiia
sij(i5^^LiULLiffl-i5jsrrtr ?
(ii) GuiresT uifiLQa'uSGeo ersbeoirA GasTrsiyaîb uêb ^(ipîTin
eiji6^(Bi6rTfr ?
(iii) Slif.6STLCllT 2_(o)jp<5ig5frLD GlLDIT^Sb 6U(gUL/ QaQlAlg)LDrT ?
(iv) atrQeouS'Geo @6rPairLD 9=/rtJiJ'i_a.-i_/rgj, êoGeo ?
(v) (Emis airQeouS'Gso s=n-tJL?L_frifi60/r ^6BTsfoi;)-U)-y,LL(5ig
(vi) j^re/ds 35U).6srtfi/r s^QjfiA&iTLDeon Gutrssr uifiLQaâS'Geo uireiv
(vii) ^[iia Guiresr ufftKolâ si5'(ip/BgJ s^cip^si uiq.'SFîms-
errnGLD, S-smQinînes) ?
V O C A B U L A R Y
GeUffiT 'slowly' 6p(5a=iujti) 'once'
SU(5^^LJLJ(5 'suffer, feel sorry un(Su(^ 'work'
usosir 'benefit' (olsrr 'be tired'
c9/su<y/7 'urgent'
G R A M M A R
17,71.182. The negative verbal participle is formed by adding -^tn to the
verb stem. The formation ot the negative verbal participles like asi%i_LJ
ui_(ru), LfiPiunLD, u(T(SiU[_/rixi, sufrfrtz) etc., may be represented as follows:
asiîuu + în : d5s%i_uui_fTU)
u(T(5u(5 + cîD : u/r(5iui_/rLD
SUIT + c^tD ; su[rfrLD
Example ;
17. 71. 1S2. ;f rsja asiî_uui_ffuD ^60s3OTii) uii). (tpuf-iL/uiiT ?
^lilSeO ^SO<5BS5BTli) LjrfÛJfTLD J^HSir 6X/(J5^Û
ULlGi_sir.
AUf-SSTwrr uiT(ûinwsoiT usosii QaGlia^LD ?
sjsir ibijaûLjujiT ^liiGs si/jrirm si7l1(5<s@u Gufr(g)(f5?
Sandhi 35. The negative verbal participle suffix -în is reahzed as ~^LCiai
when a vowel beginning suffix is added to it. Example:
Sand hi 35. The cons onant s a, a=, ^ and i j are al ways d ou bl ed after t he
negat ive verbal part icipl e suffix -^m. Exampl e:
ffGlsTraaffiD + utr).Aa^)iih >ff)6tr<a/riiLJ uiif.ms^)iih
Clff/rslJciS' + (o)ffi/r<5<s@(rt7(5 ^ (o)<y/r6b66'(o)(7(5@(2y(i5 (Refer S.31 i n 17.68)
êoaaessTih +Gas frn? -^^soaassiniT Gacrrs i? (Refer S.2 i n 1.1)
êoaaem +GaBsfrsi? êoA&ema GaefrfflS' (Refer S.4 in 1.2)
U N I T 17
LE S S O N 72
CONSULTING A TEACHER
D I A L O G U E
effiLQA(^ e\i ^ lij a-
enuGin ?
s^Glêi^: îBfriiia. c^âsTGleoui'Geu
Please come Mr. Suresh. It seems ihat
(you) came in search of (me) to my
house yesterday ?
Yes, sir. Eventhough (I) came early
in the monring (I) could not meet
you.
r^jS7ix) : Qjb^Â a IT Q 60a3 G 60
Q&irpQuiT^êif ^ iB-
^gj. ^âiiG)60ti3(360
îQ,aiuresis?&Ga 6n)Gi_-
6i%g)ji5@LJ GunQssreir ;
aG)eo LJ l ; (Q uD (T
usfoGeo G u IT G 6IST sir .
ereirm siS'Gs'eiîh ?
*rCJ(r6i% : g)awT@)/L(5'6b(olDmji3s
6T6i;SU6TT64 U r). *LD
îSy) êoAsem^^Geo
Qaêo L/ o^ qiPtuColso. . . .
?
There was a lecture yesterday morn-
ing at Mayuram. (I) went to the
railway station early in the morning
at 5 o' clock itself- Even then (I)
could not get the train. Then (I)
went by bus. What is the matter ?
Nothing (special) Though (I)
studied so many times (I) do
not understand some portions in
Tamil grammar. Do you have time
now ?
Yes. I have class only at 11 o' clock.
Please ask me....
6U(giJq .... Gaigijnj/a ....
siGê'^ : jSiiia 6iLi(gtJL;Geo u 60
fiiQeu (ol 6IJ r u_/ LO
rSi^Gso
'6^&sTQuj6Fa=ih' (5
U60 ^L^Qeis eutgfUi-iGeo
QeuenAsLDiiSf Q u 6b-
e&inih QjbQnotuu Gu^rja-
@ij L/fPujGleo. @LJuff
<o)i?/r6bg2;G(D6iir, asi/eirLoir
Gaigrj/Bja.
ffrGifei^ : fffPmja.
DR I L L S
a. Variation drill
17. 72. 183. rbTsir c^.âfrQsouJ'Gso ev^îh S-iii<xQetTu
ufTffaa (tptn-ujOeo,
sTsi/sucrrsi^ ui/j-â-ii) 6T63t <5@{S <st'?tp êoaasi rari i j
i-lt?iuQ60.
Though you explained many times
in the classroom (I) have difficulty
(in understanding) some portions (in
grammar). The verbal participle ;s
one among them.
Though I explained the 'verbal parti-
ciple' many times in the classroom in
detail many (students) have not
understood. (I) will explain to you
now. Listen carefully.
Alright, sir.
^ Lesson 72 / 587
^ma> uo^L_Q6u QetienA&xmh Qiêou^^ aeîLoir
QrbQroiuu QuÂû iîPiuQeo.
b.- Build up drill
(i) r^nfiST^^sirQeou^Qsoeu^îh
(tpuîuQeo
rSlân QeouS'Qeo
(ii) CT-siieuerrei/ ljii)_ j*u) û9jp
^soaasTOTii LÎPUJQSO.
luQeo
sTsiieusTrsij
(iii) fiiia ueo j Sl - GIs u QeuenA-
ÎLjlh QiFSO Sl^L_tlT
Qa=so U(g^
QeuenASiLiih/
ueo î_Qeu
(ipisîuQeo
ffi-fEJasGlerru uiTff (yDi^-Ujtoleo
_(B/<s5GlmJ u/rfraa (tpi^-UjQso.
6T6ij6U6n-6i; utq. j * t i ) ^Li9jp
^60aS655ri> L/(PujQso
uq.i?*ii). ûS'jp êoaasssrixi
asiwrti) LfifiuQeo.
usOjSiGlu GlsusTTftiîL/Lb
<s56i^t_ixi(r ^(!5iS@gJ
ueo <si_Qsu (oleuerraJiqtb
;f(5j ueo iS(_Q6u QsiienASiLfih
0*60 U@jfi a61^l_ljD/T @c[5@*'-
5S8 I An Intensive Course in Tamil
c. Expansion drill
(i) rbrrssT u/rrr (ipiq.ujQso.
Si_(BJd5(olsrTLJ UlTfradS (ipil).liJ<o)60
u/rirsffi (ipis).iuQso
(ii) 6T65T<B@LJ LjIPluQeO-
sTsiisusirsi; uuj-ffsiii l j /Pu - j GIs o
(ipLi).Ujtol6D.
;B(Tfi3T cS/jâs'rClsDuJ'GsD j;BgJtb
a_f5J(S5(ol6iTu u/riraa (tpiq-UjQsu.
ST63T(i5U qrPiuGlso.
6T67rr@ &rsij6i/6Trsi/ uuÂaîb îBip
Q^Gipuju Qu(iT)A(ff)U L/ fPujQso.
(iii) Q^QpujiJ Qur[f)AQ)U
L/fPu-zGlso.
L;rPuj(ol6U
(i) Q : STSsrQssr^ Qî^. Grb^î 6ifLL(p@ su^^riisennQm ?
A : ^LDfr/BJdS. cSi^flSfrSleoui'Gso 6iyfBglLb s_(5j<sQ6rru
(ii) Q : srejrsirr si^CffsiîL ?
A : ^6iraT^yu?6bQ6DfB;(3B .
(iii) Q: a_(Bja5isr5<J.@ ^tJu Q^tjih ^c5@^c ?
A : c^LDfr. ffTfflrr<s@ Uj^Gigj ldsmP(g^^/rsr 6ij@tJL/.
a. Substitution drill
(i) ^^B/rQsoiiS'Gso 6uiBgiii
UITITAS (LpuîuQeo-
verb suitably.
Gu/T
(o)iSB6Trir)L/
G<f(i5
(ipL).Uj(olsU.
cSj</rGl60u-?Gso Gufru^Lo
urrifaa (tpuj-iuQeu.
c^âdGlsoujiGso qpLJLJLL(5tb
uiT/rads (Ipii)_uj(q)60.
^â,iTQeouS'G6Ci Gc?(T/BgJii) u(r/f
(tpuj-UjGleo.
cSyâ/rQsoui'Gso Qa^rrebe&u^Lh
uiTirAa (tpiTf-iuQeo-
^lârrQscu3Geo Q^fPsi?Jani
(ii) a-tii&QeiTLt uirH&a
verb suitably.
(iii) Qs'so U(g^ niPiuQeo.
Substitute
LJ61;
Qffi/rtgjif ID
f. Integrjtion drill
(i) fBTsir ^bxiGltju Ufrrraa
Qpisf-iuQeo.
.rbireir ^ârTQsou3Gso
QunGesreir.
(ii) /ffBJds Gjb^^ eu^^rii&sfTiT 7
(iii) fineir ijuS'evGeo GunGssrssr.
{5(1607 ^âirQbOuSGeo
STLGi_si%gycSLJ GunGeneir.
(iv) fsTsir (SuS'yiêDaassmrr^Q^tJ
QsilCTrffidbLDfr* (o!(Sf(r65rG637 65T.
/Bfresr ajuJjp ^soaassiTjsGI^LJ
uu).3=G<?cjr.
E X E R C I S E S
below.
Model : eTSJrGlssr + ^ esfL.* eu^îiiaemr 7
(search)
(i) GfBjS^ s>(5 ^(3^^Sl- (lecture)
(ii) î/S'jp ^60i5a6OTr;5gjG6V) (ol^co ; L/fPujQsu. (portion)
(iii) a_mj(Si5^ ûi-J @@!Sf 7 (time)
Lesson 72 / 589
a_fEJa(o/srrtJ uiriiia (tpuj-iuGlsu.
SL-miaQenA s'lbÂs, (tpirj-iuGlsu.
S-miaQena Ga (ipa}.uj(ol6U.
S2_raj(ol6IT- 6UjÛJ@l/tJU (ipii).Uj(?6D.
a-fEJdBQsiT c9/@l/Lil-J (iptI).UjQ60.
r_fBjiB(ol6rr (olaOTiJu ^ts^-iuQeo-
Qffeo L/fPujSlso.
ueo u@j qiPujGlso.
(olifiClnjuJtJ u@iS L^fPujIolso.
(ol<95/T(g5(?u U|g^ qrPujQeo.
îreir <:9/j /t Q60u J'G60 Gurriu
cSjsuGljru ufTffsa (tpi^-ujSleo.
^(E/a eTssrQsBr^ Gîq. GfB^g/
eufB^fwaerrrr ?
jbisir ^âiiQeouSGeo 6toGi_6i^-
@ua@tj Cunruj jrofei^Gso
Gu/rGearsir.
rbnsir ^Li9jp ^60ffia6B!rr^(ol<au
u II}. * Gl 611 srr a a tn (7 a=
GlfffTsiiGsBTbir.
, 590 / An Intensive Course in Tamil
(iv) îpa ueo... ..,..QevetTaSiL(ih a%i_ur (times)
(v) ^liis î_Qu QeuenASu-iih ffl%i_U3fr
(many)
(vi) ^gjGtt) ^(5 LJ(gjreia. (verbal participle)
(vii) ^liia @LJu GastgijiBja. (carefully)
(viii) ^(Eja^tJu asijssrixiT liik. (listen to)
h'. Write the word represented by the formula.
Example : Ci i 0 Catsrj + Verb. Part
(i) q(DL/LJ +Verb. Part:
(ii) G^ + Verb. Part:- ^
(iii) QevenA^ + Verb. Part:
(iy) j0 + Verb. Part:.
i. Use the verbalparliciple and the suffi xform of the verb? given in
parentheses in the blanks.
(i) rbiTssT sîiiaQefTu uiriraa (tpuîuQeo. (euir)
(ii) ................jriiSia) G1ssGli_Gl60. f^)
(iii) CTsijsuslrfei/ ^^Bifi êoAsemth l / i Pu j Ci SO. (uiq.)
(iv) LJSDjSi(ol6u îîp êoAamrihaeîîfiiT ^{5<sB@gJ-
(Qeuerraig,)
,(v) ^frsir GleusTrffiatD/T Qr[,Qpuju Gu([5a5(gu LjfPujQso.
Model: jbrreir ^^îrQeouS'Geoeu^QsisiT.
QfiuîuQeb.
(i) jbndT ^(ffjavtDSBsPaGa 6YL)Gi_6i%gy@Lj GuaGssreBT.
(ii) ;BT6sr iljeioGeo QserTLht-jG&STserr.
^/Bg/ii [bireir êuQpiU uirirma (tpi^tuQeo.
(iii) {Bfrsir <Bt6'ip ^6i)S55r^Q^ /Bsbso^
(iv).;BT6Sr U60 ^L-QsVJ Qsi/6ir<S(gG65r6BT.
(v) jBfrsBl LJSO-jSiSlsu Gl6xi6n-(gG6srfiir.
(vi) {BfresT sxi@uqG6U S'(ol6OT,(o)uj<Fa=f5(ol^ (ol6U6Tr<Sff Glff/rssrGesresr.
@(5;6g/Lb (o)*60(5(g ffisbeoiju niPiuQeo.
Lesson 72 j 591
Example : GuirGm^ Gun + Past
(i) G^ + Past : .
(ii) GffiiSTj + Past;
(iii) G)6U6rrffi(g + Past :
questio-i.
(i) /Snsia eTsoiGlfiBT^ Gîrj. 6i?LL{g eu^^mss.
(ii) GfB^gi &nQeou3Geo Q^firpQuiTjfiei^
(iii) Glffsou^ iî_iB(r ^f!5@g;-
(iv) ersBraigLJ u^Gi^^ LD6SSPA(^ eu@iJL/ ^(5<S(ggy-
m. Join the foUowir.g according to the sandhi rules.
(i) mijiusuijih + 2_G60 : (ii) QeusnAS + a_LD :
^soaasBBTLD + SGeo Gl.yffsbsiS' + a_Lb
n. Answer these questions. ,
(i) ^(TTfihu^ ^(^liiuu uu^S=ffrih a_(SJ(Sr5@j5 û?{p êoaaesoTtii
q/PujQsumjasrrfr ? ~ ' ,
(ii) rbirsir oS'SlssrQujffff^Q^ U60 ^t_Qsu euûqGeo Gleusrraatnfr*
Gl.yfrsbstS'iLiii) Q/BGipiutJ Guâigu q/PtuGleb, êoGeo ?
(iii) ffffBiffi ^"OGlso LDfT^GLD etni>^(iT,A^ evfiîh ffiT(Lpemtq.
LBQeoQiuu uuiiaaQecnuiT ?
(iv) 2_mjaigT5a(g?lL65@ aj^jîi S-zaaCerr*
a=/B<5<3B dpuj-iuGlso. ;fisja tfrfEiGa Gudfisfrnja ?
V O C A B U L A R Y
C^ 'search' Cla=(r{DGli-JTy?6iy 'lecture'
@(5jBgJtb 'eventhough' QaFso 'some'
ueo 'many' Glsusrrao 'explain'
si9Zk3r(oluj jfftia 'varbal Qeuen-aatnn- 'in detail'
participle'
asueirLDfr 'carefully'
G R A M M A R
17.72.183. The verbal participle followed by the suffix -&_th signifies
'although' in Tamil.
eu/Bgj/ + a_Lb : eufiîh 'although (I) came'
uu). + 22_Lb ; 'although (I) read'
Qeveira^ + a_ii) : GlsueiraJiqii 'although (1) explained' etc.
E.xample;
17. 72. 183. rbirm ^âtrQeou^Qeo eufi^m S-ihiaQenu un/T fêoA&emih
Sandhi : eu^îiia + ^(Sm ^su/B^ns/asrrfrGio (Refer S.19 in 2.14)
eTfisrQsiyr + GÛf. êxsffrGlsffr^ Gj Bu j .
a^mi&Qerr + uirifax (iptsîuQeo ^s_wjaQeiTU uiraas (iptûjGlco
wmueuijih + O-Geo îDTiueu^jSgiCa)
êoAaemus + O-Geo ^êoasessT^^Geo
6iS'2feiJr(oluj<J=ff(jb + er ^siy&arGluj.**jsQ<s (Refer S.17 in 2.13)
U N I T 17
LE S S O N 73
THE MOON
[b(Bî^l^sb 65)61/
fiu3(rîb Ga=/Tguii C<F(TiS^
,JW6fr6TP ^sjSTrsrP sr^jSgi
^S/(p/nu 6unriL?6b ascil.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
17 . 7 3 . 18 6 . ^son0sojT qpuâ^n
b. Build up drill
(i) ^60tT^60ir fpiq-SUT. 0eOlT0eOIT Îq-Olir.
(ii) mSsoGinQso ejnS'eun. inSsoGuiGeo ejêuir.
in&oGinGeo ic^GiLiGeoejêviT.
EXERCISES
c. Write the word represented by the formula.
Example : pn). + Verb; Part.
(i) 67P + Verb Part: ',
(ii) u/r + Verb Part :
(iii) Gff + Verb.Part; .................
{iv) CT + Verb Part :
(v) c9/sfri@[5 + Verb Part : ; [
d. Give the spoken equivalents of the following written forms.
(i) 0ebeonuieD :
(ii) ID8SO :
(iii) LoA)6&6nsu{^ ;
(iv) fflfiliq-sb : , ,
(v) ^ytanvu :
e. Answer these questions.
(i) si-iiimefTirQeo Ljetoâ^Qû urrHasirQict ^^û UHL-QL
QfffTsbfiO (tfiis^-iLfiniT ?
(ii) ^^jSu unCQiu GuirQeo Geup ejîreu^ uiril
(iii) a_miigr5@ iB6b66'Gl<suy, Qijirihuu iSuf-Afîntr ?
(iv) SL-iiia 6 i ? l LG6 0 ^liiam SemessTth @(5(Sj ZT ?
VO CABULARY
Lesson 73 / 595
06OIT 'the Moon' /b 'middle'
gi^ 'worship' Sememih 'bowel'
Ga=((5 'mix' cSjerrigj 'take up a handful'
GR AMMAR
17.73.184, The verbal participle quite often expresses an action which takes
place simultaneously with the action described by the finite verb. See the
following examples.
Ûf-sun 'come running'
ejnffisutT 'come climbing (the mountain)
Example :
17. 73. 184. rSeoiTêoiT piq.6w/r.
The actions expressed by the verbal participle forms such as ipuj. and ejfjj
here simultaneously take place with the actions expressed by the verb euir.
Sandhi: meos&esiA +y , r-* iflSUoS'smaBiJy,
^mi3>Lb +Sem6mih > ^mis Semessrii (Refer S.2 in 1.1)
^liix -I- Ssmemih ? ^mia&Sememih (Refer S. 4 in 1.2)
U N I T 18
LE S S O N 74
ABOUT THE GARDEN
DIALOGUE
QesreiresT {ÂQaû^Qu-iebsouih
ainhuiTih oreosorrih ^c5
aeon : J^fB.s* Qffiq.AQ&eb6mii
What are all the flower plants do
you have in your garden ?
Rose, Arabian jasmine, Himalayan
jasmine. Marigold, and Kanakam-
baram are there in my garden.
Who is watering all these plants ?
Lesson 74 / 597
6Trfija& c9J LD LD rr ^ fT SBT
i_m êoQstJUjfr ?
aeon : êoQeo. sr rii & u n iL isf.
S'SLLi^GSO ^ ( 5 < s @^ -
asff ^ 6u (5- ^ fr sir
2ar (f5<i(gu Gu/rig)
^p>^^ G^/rtli^gjGso
(o)61/(ol6T7'liJfr(S>G6U6iir.
Qffsbsi? : jLLi_ijD(rL_i_/if6j. c^ j gj ,
ujiTjnTsugy Off lij-iiJCeo-
uS(iT,ii,^ y,(o)ffuu uvS'aF^n
^6ijmja!aT5(gLJ l ?ii).<s-
i_L_/r^, fffPuj/r ?
*60fr : fffP. sufr, GuiTso/rtL.
My mother who is at home will
water (the plants)... If you pour more
water the plant will grow well.
Don't you have garden in your
house ?
No. There is a garden in my grand-
mother's house. My grandfather
only waters (the plants) daily.
If I go to my native place (I) will
play in that garden. If I go with
' you to (your) garden will your
mother scold (me) ?
(She) will not scold (you). But, she
does not like if somebody plucks
flowers from the plants. You must
not! pluck the flower. Okay ?
Okay. Come on, let us go.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
I S . 74. 185. OihQrotu^ êmsissf(rf,siS!i^^<S)SQ6'iq. rbebeorr
6iJ6rr(rDii).
Qsij Qsrr UJ/T Gsussr.
G]fiif.u3G60uS'(rf)fi^ y,(olsuiJ uvêFS'ti êumia^(&)LJ
/BTsJr G^ ffi l L_^ gi ( g su^^n ^thmir j ^ i l
euirriiasTTiT ?
b. Build up drill
(i) QfBQpiu^ êssr6mf(r^
ssa^îÂ (olffiif rtebeoiT
jhebeon
êsisresis? (5
(ii) rbTSST sar(2,ffi(gu Qunis)^
QeuQeiTiurrQGsueir.
QeuQerriuiT QGeueir
fBfrsBT
(iii) Q3=Uf.u3QeouS'(rT)fi^ y,GlsutJ
LS'Lj.acSBfrgj.
Li'iij.aarrgj
Lj/T5'(S=a=fr
Off U). ii5'G60ui'(5;Bg]
(iv) ^/rsJT G^frLLi_j5gjig suijîT
tS/iiiLD/r jLL(56Ufr(Bj6ir(T ?
j^L- QsufrfBiasTTfr ?
.iSytiitoiT
OffiOnjuj^ <S6!roT655f(/5 2sn:^g;(SB)ff
Offiq. /Bsbso/r su6rr(f5Lb. /
pebeon cuerr (5 l d
Offd). fisbeorr suerT(rf)Lb
asr^gj@)ff Offiq. (BfibfiUfr siiefT(rf)ib
^6iroTfflssf(n) asir^^(65)ff Offiij. ;B6V)60ir
euerr (Tjii.
OffL). ;B6V560/r 6)j6Tr(f5ixi.
GiSTL,!^^GsD OeuOerriij/r-
Gsusir.
OsU OOTUJ 17 G 6TL/ 6ST
G^ (Til t_ ^gj GfioOsu Oerriu fr Geueir
GuffisB)^ G^( t l Li _^ ^ G60 O s u O s t t -
ujirQGeuesT
SM(rf)Aig,u Guff(6B)^ G ^ / t l L l - ^ -
^Gsu 06uQ6iruj/TG6U63r
^Tfiir ffiar(f5iS@u Gi_;(T(Sbj^
G^/TL-ijSg/Gsu OeuOsrrujnr-
GSUSBT.
Offii).iL5'G60uJ'(5/Bg; yjOsuLJLjpS'ffffir
L?ii).aa5frgj
Ufr?ffff/r ^6unsi^4B(g>iJ
y,06uij unfiffffT ^6U(Bj(Sr5<s@u
Offii).ui'G6i>ii5'(5;B@/ yOeuu
L/fiS'ffff'r êuiijaiÂQfU
tj'tif.aasfray.
/sfTsir G^(rLL_^^(g si/^jsw
vS/iiiniT ^LLj(r/Ej<g56Trrr ?
^LL(5isu/Tmid5BTr/r ?
Lesson 74 / 599
CjSTL.IjBg/'SB
c. Expansion d ri l l
(i) (olffcj. eucrrffgii).
jS6WT6ssf(/5 asffiSgyiSB) 6)j6ifr{5ti)
(ii) /BTSsr QeuQeTTiLin!(SCSeuesT.
GîriLi^^Geo QeuQerr-
luirQGeueir
sar(5@M Gu/rig) Qsi/Glsrr-
(iii) c9/su'Ei'5B(sr5<s5@tJ L?ii)./rgj .
( iv) îhinn îLQeuniiiaenir ?
jLj-6U(n6/a56rr(r ?
eTSBTQsSTjB ^L-OsUfrfB/ffiSTTfr ?
jSL-OsufrfSiasirrr?
/BTSST G<s(rLli_^g/i5B(g eup>^n
eu6Tr(5Lb.
(jebsofr
p/resr <o1sii(o)srrujfrG6ij6ir.
/BfTSJr C^ml'^^Gso OsuQsrr-
iufrGsi/6iJT
G^/rL-ijSgjCeo Glei/Qgrruj/r
Gsueir.
êu/H/(SB(sr5i5B@u l Pii).* air
cSjsufBiaisrjiaû y,(o)ffuu urS'As^nu
cSJLDLD/r îLQeuiTiiiseniT ?
^LLnjnrrEi6n(y ?
^ t i t Dfr 6TfiiJr<olffln-jS G^(nl.i_^gj@
(i) Q ' a_fsja G^(rLli_<sg/Gst) srsirQeOTsireOT y,a=Qfftij.
QujebeoiTih @c5>s5@gj ?
A ; G^nggiT, (ipsbQeo, mebe&Qa, Qs^sueu^^, xeisrairihu^th
erebeoiTth
A : sTfBja îhmi^rrm ffifCjSgjsun'mya.
(iii) Q : Si_/a/a 61?l LGo GîTLli_ii) ^ d j Os ou j ff ?
(iv) Q : /B/rsJr a_65raî_<s G^n'tlL-jSâ^ sij^BiS'T 2L.(Bi t^LDtriir
A : îlt-LD/nlifrmja.
8. Su bs t it u t ion d ri l l
(i) jbn^ eu^^n îhwn ^ t l
61/(7/5/(95Trfr ?
Su bs t it u t e and change t he
verb accord ingl y.
GU9,
a=/rt j (j '
( ii) îhiHd ^L-LûiirtLiiTiiix.
Su bs t it u t e and conj ugat e t he
verb s u it abl y.
@Sl/65r
^
^(7sir
rbnLD
$
( iii) fft/BJdB u / 7l Ll ) . s i fi l Go
Su bs t it u t e
ja(7jS^/r
LDITlD/r
p>ffm evfliîT ^wtnir ; i l
exiaiwsemT ?
JBffSir G/_)/7!SB) îhlBIT ^ i l
eunmiaernr ?
jB/rsir Bar ^ ^ ( gj ^WWIT j S t l
cu/riE/asrr/r ?
./Birsir Gij*(633 ^ i bi D/ r ^tl
i/f7nsj6Tr/r ?
^/76ir STfJpgJlgB) , SjliUJ/7 j S l L
i//Tr6jffi6ir/i ?
jBiTsir urt^ffffir cSfiiîr ^ l L
l//rrEJ<5667T/T ?
^/ rsi r Gt l <_ T .sîDLD/r ^CQ
euirmjoetTii ?
;B/76ir ff/ruLftlL- ir ^ l i i o / r ^ ( 1
j/r/E;d66rr/r ?
fB/rdr <#<B(ol!ru_ j ff/ r cSjLDtcff
îJ.6yrT/Bjas7T/T ?
^WLOiT îLiirnTiLL-iniis.
j5LLi_LD/rili_/r(5.
^61//E/a îLlUDITL-lIJlila.
jbTsir ^tli_LCfrtLGi_6ir.
jBf7ni/ j^L-L-LD/rLlGin'LD.
JBf7U) <5LLL_t JD/7LLG/_f7U).
^ j^Llt-ifl/nlGi.
niias îlt-iDfrLLiE- fB/d B.
6T(6id5 uiriLiq. eiSiLQGso ^( 5 <b@^ .
6TfE/ ^fr^<s/r 6 i 7l 1G 0
6T/BJ6B to/ric/r e)?tlG6D ^ffl*^-
6T(BiaS ^SIRrrigBBJ 61?l l G60
Lesson 74 f 60J
f. Int egrat ion d ri l l
(i) Q[dQpuj^ êmT6is's?([f) Sisa^^ QrbQpiu^ ^siwrssaf (5 aar^ g/iSB)*
cSiUu ifi- s irig), Qffu^ (Bsbsorr
cuerrffjii).
c9/LJLJie-6ir(65, a_mii <:Syti)tr)(r
}fiLl(56UT/Bia56Tr/r ?
j BfcJr aar(5<3B@iL] Gu /rGeu s ar. (btsbt om^rÂû Gu(r(6B)jS
c9/tJL;iE.65r(65), G^ j TLLL- ^ gj Gs o G^ f ri l L- ^ gj Gf i O GIs u Os t t u j it
(ol6u(olsTrujfr(5iGsu65r. Gs u s ir.
EXERCISES
g. F i l l in t he bl anks u s ing t he cues given in parent heses as in t he model given
bel ow.
Mod el : 6Tmj<SB Gj S/Til L^ gi Gs o
(rose flower)
einu a G^ f TLl i ^ ^ gj Gs o Gj i rgj / r
(i) ermjffi G ^ T t l L^ g j G s u G5* @J-
t Himal ayan j as mine)
( ii) erm/a G ^ / ri l i - ^ g j G s o C!5* @J- ( Arabian j as mine)
( iii) 6T(BJ G^ / ri l i ^ gj Gcu f f i ^ S S J- ( Marigol d )
( iv) s TiBia G^ f TL- i ^ ^ Geo @c!5* @^ ' ( Kanakambaram)
(v) QsFu^ rtebsoiT ih. (grow)
( vi) ST/Bia e)SiLQGeo ^ a ^ g j . (grand mot her)
( vii) er/Bj a êmT0S!!?(!^ E2r<5gJ6i;(T(5. (grandfat her)
( viii) a_mj a ÎLLLIT surr/E/aeiriT ? (s col d )
(ix) ^s u mj a( gf5aigt j ^Qeuu .....AÎTU ISU^.&SIT^. ( pl u ck)
(x) jS +6TU u ( r?aaaaLL_frg/. (fl ower)
h. Wri t e t he word represent ed by t he formu l a.
Exampl e : GUITIQ) Gun + Cond .
(i) s j ar^ g; + Cond :
( ii) uir(S + ' Cond :
( iii) j S l L + Cond :
( iv) j/T + Cond :
(v) js/r + Cond :
( vi) + Cond :
( vii) 6un-(f5 -t- Cond :
( vi i i ) urjS +Cond :
( ix) UL). +Cond :
(x) + Cond :
i . Gi ve an ans wer w i t h if-clause t o each of these qu es t ions u s ing t he cues
given in parent hes es .
. Mod el : 2j _f5i es /ibt cT ermQesr^ îLQevirriiaeiTrr ?
{$y,(ol6UU U/T?)
cîxKT, ^ yQeDUUfj^ffff/r srmm ^dsirnr 2_65T(ol65rj5
<LL(5siJ/rrBJa.
(i) a_/w îthiDiT srmQesT^ ^L-êurfmiaefTir 7
( ii) ^ j B ^ f f (olffL). /BsbsOJT everT(!T,LDn 7 (^smessfdTf ssa^^)
( iii) jS 5^ ; ^ ^ ^ Gj S/ rt l i ^ gj Gs u Gl eu Gl s iru j fr^Gfl j u j rr ?
(aar(r5<B(gu Gu i r)
(iv) ^/rsBT *<#/B^!rj8gjG6D sr/DnsiaG Qpuf.tL)iDrT 7 (eriLiinb rbihurr
ufffoGso s j gy)
(v) eresra^fS jSuS'fp ^s oaas BirrLb L/iPiL/Lorr ? ( j ^ t j t JL? ^
j. Join each of t hese pairs of s impl e sentences into a compl ex one as s hown in
t he mod el given bel ow.
Mod el : QibQrouj^ êmsssf^rf) as r^gj s iKT(Bj .
û u t fi.6Jr(65), GlffiT). iB6bsv)/T fiiisrrf^tb.
QrbQnouj^ êmems?(Iff s ar^ g/igs )* Qffiq. (B6t)60/T euen(!r)ih.
(i) j BTsir G^/rLLi_^gv<5@ 6i/(5G6U6bt.
tû u ifi- fiirig), e_/Bi cSJl d l d /t ^LL(5suirfEja6TT/T ?
(ii) /f(B/a 9r^^^!j^^Qeo erpiii^riisi.
îLJuii2-6Br(6B), /f/5j(SB Gffi/nL?Qsou u friraacoiTixi.
(iii) was QesmniLLêoQeo ^mj(g(Ej.
c9juuiffi-6sr(SB), ^ ^ as frGl s Du JGeo ^fPGujiTjSUJii) unwmaeotjth.
(iv) ^fBjas eT(L>^ eiîpû u/rff<SB@yii).
(v) ^fBJ cS)<S(tQ60I1?G0 SUfTfEJa.
^/uuifi.63rt 65), ; f fEi STs irOs Bru u fr/faa (ipi).iqLD.
k. Join t he fol l owing according to t he sandhi rules.
(i) Gj S/rLLt _ii) +SL^QGO : ( ii) s i? +a_G60;
assrafTLDUiTLb +E- Gs u ; ( iii) y, +s t ;
Lesson 74 / 603
i . Ans wer these qu es t ions .
(i) a_rBj 3' l L(I60 GîrtLi-ih Â/Qeoiun ?
(ii) a_fBj G- sfTLLi^gj CJeo ersirOssrsffrsw y,ffQffii)-Quj6fa6U;TLb
( iii) _ f B j ^ a @ erfi^Lj y, {bsuso/tu LS'ii).(gii) ?
( iv) (fmiiSB aait(/5i5B@tJ (Ju/r(g5)<j= Qa'iq.AQssbeomb ^s iwrs Kif(5
(v) y,<j=<o)#U).iL?(J60iij'(5/Bgj y,(ol sut J u /ryj ff/r a _w l dGIs ut s i?
^LL(56uzr(ij6rr/r 7
( vi) ;gf6j aar(f5(gt j Gu /rig) s_mji35 t cQs urs i? 6T637arr'<r(o)LDLJu/T/Ej?
( vii) (f ( o!i_( gu Gu^t SB) sieirmT 6\jnmiê)Smis, 7
( viii) êsPiDiT unn^^n 2_(5j t oOefrs i? a_(5i(ol6Tr^
^CQsiinma.enn 7
VO CABULARY
jS/TjSjS/r
' fl ower pl ant ' jGrrnggir
' Arabian Qaêijsu^^
j as mine'
' Kanakamba- u /rt l t i}.
ram, a flower'
' grandfat her' ^LLQ
'rose flower'
' Mari gol d ' '
' grand mot her'
' s col d '
GRAMMAR
18.74.185. Thi s u nit int rodu ces t he cond it ional and conces s ive verbs . O f
t hem, cond it ional verbs are formed by t he ad d it ion of t o the past st ems
t hat are cons is t ing of a verb root and t he past tense marker. See t he fol l ow-
ing exampl es .
aar^ gy + cor ; aar^ gj s i r-
GuiT + eJT : Gu TS Jr-
upS' + ffff urS'AA-
Gu fTs ir + ^ : Gu /r( g)
It is import ant t o not e t hat t he cond it ional s d o not d is t ingu is h eit her person
or nu mber or gender and t hey are al ways fol l owed by a future finite verb.
Exampl e :
18. 74. 185. QjbQpuj^ ^smeis!i?(r^ aar<sgi;(63)# Qa-trf. /Bsbsofr
jbTSST aEr(5<35@L; GuniSS)^ G^ / rLLt - ^ gj Gs u
QeuQeniuirQGeueir.
IbifSsT G^/ nl i _j S g j < @ eu^^n ^/(Jbuxr j S t l
fiurrreiasTTT 7
Sand hi 36. The cond it ional marker is real ized as - d ^ s b when a vowel
beginning suffix is at t ached t o it . Exampl e :
GurngB) + da> > Gu/rigBjsoir
Sand hi 37. The cons onant s a , a, ^ and i j are al ways d ou bl ed after t he
cond it ional marker - d ^ . Exampl e:
s s Tj SîgB) + (olaij). > as r<s /(g)ff Gl at i). (^sbsotr SMsrrfj ii))
^ (GIsuSlsrrujfrOGfiusffr)
y , + Qaij ). y,ff(o1a=ii).
c9//6^ + Gj Si fLLt _^ gj G60 - > c9/jB}Si GiS( ril ( _j Sg/G60 (Refer S.4 i n 1.2)
(Refer S.18 i n 2.14)
u j i ? * * + a k - i - i rg i u j ^ a a Aa h - i - i rg / ( Ref er S.29 i n 15.56)
U N I T 1 8
L E S S O N 75
A B O U T '
DIALOGUE
a-Cjjsi ^ ; srOff/f, ^ g ; a_ ni / euiueon?
. LoQ^ Qutuu-fih Qtbeb
uu.9(fâ(Q Q ji Q ro lu ^
Gl/Bsbuuj'ff ifebsorr susrr-
1^ IT ^ .... U (5 611 LC Gl jp
(oluuJuj/TLLt_n- u fr
^( f j J l J GufT@t i ). Gf f / T-
6T7-Lb, a t i q, ^ ^ Gl 6 b -
C RO P S
Sir, is it (you r) pad d y field ?
Yes . Thi s is a good pl ace for t he
paddy crop because t here is (al ways )
good rains , in t his area.Plenty .of
, wat er is necessary for t he pad d y
crop. If t here is no wat er t he pad d y
w i l l not grow wel l ....If t he mans oon
ftiils t he crop w i l l t u rn brown and
d ie. We need not irrigat e t he crops
l ike maize, mil l et et c. t hat mu ch. If
it rains cont inu ou s l y these crops w i l l
decay and d ie.
/
60 IT LD rSi 6u eu 6n eif
^SBin'6TOf(5 U IT lU A 3=
QeuemsTLîTih. ^ ( ol i _ u j Qj p
QuujîT ^ f B ^ u uuSQi;a)
60iTih ^(ipSuQuiTigfih.
t^gyeuGl i (ip(i).(65(9= Qibeo
^giQeo GsuCJnj 6j ^ iT-
ffljgj Uu3lT Qa=UJUJ6l}/TUD/I?
Shal l (we) grow any ot hercrop i n t he
field in w hi ch t he harves t has been
compl et ed ?
Yes . We may grow ot her grains . If
(we) d o not grow grains we may
grow onion. If we grow bl ack gram
we w i l l get more profit .
uuS'ir Q a= iu tu 60 IT ih .
îTssPujih uid'if Gl f f i u-
ujfTLlifr QsuiiiaiTiuih
UuSiT Q 3= tU lU 60 IT ih
a_(gT5iBg/ L/u i' if QffujîT
QibQpuj eoiTuth Q&QiA
Ordijsî : ibiTQeiTa^ e^QqfiQno ....
eiffiiiaeiriT ?
a/ B^ ^ t n : /BTSJr /Bff'Oerr.Sig j fîh-
u ( r^ gyffi@u Clu/ra5@!/Li.
G u T / r LLi _ ( r
ftGjrsi^ ; ^ u u , jbiresT euQroiiia.
* ( B^ !ni) ; euiTiiia.
DRILLS
a. Variat ion d ri l l
18. 75. 186. U(5su inQy? (ol L/uJuj iril ifrLi UU3IT ( 5 ^ t J Quirîh.
îTetsPiuih UU3ITQ3'IUIUITLLL-!T QeuiiimiTiuih uuSîr
Qujuj60irth.
/BTssr #^LbLJ!rj Sgii@LJ Gu/ rafri l i rt a <sB6t)g2/r(P@
.ffUjfjGsi/fiar.
Tomorrow is hol id ay Wi l l you
come t o col l ege ?
I h a v e t o go t o Chid ambaram
t omorrow. If (I) d o not go (I) w i l l
come t o col l ege.
So, I t ake l eave of you , s ir.
Pl ease d o.
b. Bu i l d u p d ri l l
(i) U(f56K inQ\fi QUILJUJITLLIITU
Uu3lT 6i(lf)Su G u T^ i i ) .
U(ir)6ii ixiQyi QuiutuiriL,
Lesson 75 / 607
uu3if
QuUJlU!TtLlIT
(ii) ÎTSSPtUlb UuSiT (o1<FUJ(LI/TLll_/r
QevmimntiJih u it f/f
(ol6FUJUJ60TLD.
uuSîi QifuJujeoiTLh
QeuiiimiTtuih
jB rr 6sP uj ti u it ? ir
Q * uJUD T il i_ i_ zr
( iii) (BfsJr .#^t i)LJ!r<s ^@u
QUIUIUITLLIITU UU3IT a(rfySu
Gu ( r@ii)
tr)(o)(p (o)uuJujfrL.i_(rtJ uitJif a^Su
U (5svi l d GIj p Gl uul it uffLLu- FTi J uuSa
S(r^Su Gurrîb.
QsuiiistruJih uuS'ir Oe^tuiueoirih.
QeuiniaiTUJih UU3IT Q.îuiueotrth
îreaPujth uuS'ir <o1ffuJujiTL_i_/r
QeuiiianuJih uuSir (ol<?uJiu60(TLb.
fbireir #jSir)U!rjSgj(gtJ
GuiraniLiira aeogmiPa^
eucjGeueir.
6W(5GsiJ6Br
sbg2/rfP@ cu(f5G6U6BT
cu^Gsusir
<#^ i i )U !ri S i @ L i GuTSfriLiiTa
GLj(TaiTL.i_fr 6bgj/r(P@
6U(5G6uir.
c. Fxpans ion d ri l l
(i) uuSiT a5(5<Su Gu rr( gifl .
LoQjp QLJuJuj(rL_i_(r S(!f,Su
Gu ( r@i b
( ii) jBfreJr eu ^ Gci i s s r.
#^ LDU!riBg/u GLj(TfrLli_rr
6i;(5Geu6BT
Gu/T{gLb.
jBTSSr SU((5G6U65T.
SUg2/rfP@ 6)J(5G6)J64t .
e08 I An Intenzive Course in Tamil
d . Qu es t ion- Ans wer d ri l l
(i) Q : srOTff, a-fBiffi suujsuff ?
A : t^t onr.
( ii) Q : ^ peu i ol i (yiir}.(^ff Gl/BsOjSgjGeo Gs u Gj d s j j Bffs u gj uuJ'if
A : ûD/r, QeuQfo ^nssPiuih uu3n Qaîuujeomh.
( iii) Q : ^fEi ;BfrQsTr(g65 a66i)aJ/rfP<S6@ 6iJ(56)?/B/<SBSTrff ?
Gu /rafrt l ifriB 6bg2ff/P(g s u ^ Gs u ei r.
e. Su bs t it u t ion d ri l l
(i) /Bfremr Gu /ra5/ril t _(r
verb accord ingl y.
i-IJpuuQ
Qas rrt oL/
(ii) Qeiiiiianujih uu3n
QûJujeorrih.
Su bs t it u t e
GffirejTLb
('i') a_(5ja5 6UUJ60/T ?
Su bs t it u t e
(oljBSOLD,
6Tl_Lb
f. Trans format ion d ri l l
(i) ^s aiTs rof sm^î^S Qffixf.
6U6I7(f5li).
yj Gl euu i_;n5'J<?(T ^^suiBja-
IXlGlfp (oluiU^fTLJ uuS'ir &(IT)Su
GufrasfTg/.
^mT6Bcf(nj â^^îru uuSir
j6rr(5Lb.
eii(rf)Qsuarr.
s u ^ Gcu ei r.
/Bfrssr QasrrmLj fnl iiTa as6bg2/rfPo
eu fj Geu cs r.
GlsuiBjaBfrujii uuSi Qaîuiueoirih.
îresPtuih uuSir Qifujujeoirih.
2_tgi5;B^ uuSa Offu Ju j cOTii.
QjBsb uiL^fr Q3=iuuj60iTih.
Gff/reirii) u u J' it CI*u Jiu s Ofrt b.
thL/ uuSa QffuJujso/rLb.
S2_fBja5 suajsDir ?
s _m; Sl/BsiiiLDfr ?
euetrijirg)!. '
y j Qs uu u/ t faa/ TLLifr ^suiiis-
l d Oj p (oluul/uj(rL-i_nrtJ uixS'fr a(if)Su
Gu( r( gt i .
^cuirsiraf(5 ^sbsOf ri l i Ti J uuSir
etierrijiT^.
I
Lesson 75 / 609
EXERCISES
g. F i l l in t he bl anks u s ing t he cues given i n parent heses as i n t he mod el given
bel ow.
Mod el : 4- SL_<a(g /Bsbso 6Ti_t i). (crop)
(i) +ffi_g5 jBsbso 6Ti_u). (pad d y (crop)
(") @iB^L; u6SLD /BsbcOfr QuuJtqiii. (rain)
^ ( iii) ^/B^ LJ uaaii) ^Bsbsoir LoCljp (qto. (rain)
( iv) QuiuiunCinu uu3n (/5<SJ Gun'^LD. (mans oon)
(v) Quiu^nu uo^fT ^(igSu Qumgîh.
(t orrent ial /cont inu ou s rain)
( vi) (y3ii).(gff Qêo^^Qeo uuSn Qaûjiueonmn ?
(harves t )
( vii) u\i3n Qa^vuiueonih- ( mil l et )
( viii) uu3n Qîutueomh. (maize)
(ix) uu3ii QcfuJujsojTti). (grain)
(.xi) uu3ri GsFUJiueonib. (onion)
(xi) , uuSii QaîuiueoiTth- (bl ackgram)
( xii) a_(Si(5(Bgj uuSiT Qffu J^rr QfiQpuj eu^jtb. (profit)
( xiii) (6frGlOT@ ( hol id ay)
h. Wri t e t he word repres ent ed by t he formu l a.
Exampl e : oj^^j SUIT +Cond
(i) Quiu + Cond :
( ii) ^ ct p +Cond ;
( iii) (tptij. +Cond :
( iv) Gl ffiu +Cond :
(v) u iTUJff* +Cond :
Exampl e : QutuiuTiLiîr Quuj + Cond ( Neg)
(i) +Cond ( Neg) :
( ii) <c5@ +Cond ( Neg) :
( iii) u fTUJff* +Cond ( Neg):
( iv) G1fffr6bg2j +C ond ( Neg) :
( v) +Cond ( Neg) ;
( vi) Gl ffiiJ +Cond ( Neg):
( vii) 6un + Cond ( Neg):
( viii) GuiT +Cond ( Neg): '
( ix) 6U6irc5 +Cond ( Neg):
(x) (ipiij. +Cond ( Neg) :
i. Give an answer with if-clause to each of these questions using the ones
Model : Qrteb uuSii rbsbeoir euerT(rf,iiiT ? (êm6sis?(!T,
cû)/r. iS6wr6i5iif(5 îBîr GI/bs u uiL?/t /bsosoit
ei]6n(!f)th.
(i) uuJ?(f ibebeoiT euerT(if,wiT ? (êmassfcrf) uirujj*)
(ii) uuS'QfrebeoiTih .^(tpSu Gu/rîn/r ? (cSjQi LoGlyj Gluiu)
(iii) SeuCfD uui'/f QtFiuiuso/TiDJT ? (cS/gj/ouOL- (tpir)-)
(iv) QrbQrouj eouuih (ola(olL_(gLDfr ? (a_(T5fBgy uafifQffuJ)
(v) ;B(r(ol6TTo as6b92/r'P0 GU!rin/nliE.i6j6rr(T ?
(<#'jSLbu!riSgJiSBLJ QUIT)
j. Give an answer with negative if-clause to each of these questions using the
cues given in parentheses.
Model : UUSIT aîû Gufr@iD/r ? (inQy^ QUUJ)
^LOT. IcGlyj (oluaJlUfTL-lffU Uttilff ^(fjjLJ
(i) îi?{p ^fioaffisuirii) q/Ptu/r^fr ? (aafi-iJULL uti}.)
(ii) (olsiuBjasfriuLD uuSii QaîuajeoiTLDn ? (^tiesPiuit uaSri Q#uj)
(iii) /B/rQerras^ si_fE;<s5(o)6yrL; u/riraa (Lpisf.uj!TST ?
(^^snQeouSXleO SUIT)
(iv) GsuGfD uui'if GlffuJuj (tpiq-Ujfr^/T ? (^êuQi (tfin^-)
(v) ^fPGujiTîuii u/r/r (LpuîuiT^tT ? (QsimiriLiebQeci ^(bj @)
(vi) Qrêb rbAieoir susirjTT^fr ? (pemTessT(rf) ^(fj)
(vii) ;fmja ;Bfr(olfiTra@ astigj/rfPaig eU(rr)SiSiBimeniT ?
(#^ti)U(7^gja@u Gu i t )
k. Change these sentences into conditional negative. Change the finite verbs
also accordingly, if necessary.
(i) U(2)6U l d GIj p QUUJÎTU uuSif &(i^Su Gurrarr^.
(ii) QibQrouj^ d5SiiJfTsrof(5 2ar^gj(6S)ff Glffii)- ^sbsufr euerrîh.
(iii) (BfTSBT G^frili_^gja5@ su/Bî ^tiiDtr ^LLeuirfEj.
(iv) yiQsutJ U{r?ffff/r êumja^jaû L?ii).ffi6B/rgj.
(v) ^ssffTsrof (5 ^(!3!b^T Qrteb fisbeoij suerrdTjih.
(vi) ^rresPujUJ uufiiOffuJîr (oleutfijadiLiLD uui'ri (ola=uJuj(ipii).u_)Lb.
(vii) ^rreir #jSLcu(r^gi@iJ Gu/rig)* ffisbgwiPA 6iJ!rtiffLLGL_6ir.
(i) a_fB7(ST5(5 buiijsi) â^^fr ?
(ii) /g/BJa srmesT uuSiJ QffuJ/rffS/a ?
(iii) c9(gy6u(olt_ (ipii).(65ff (ol;B60jSgjG60 srsirssr jSfrssPujiL Ljui'fr
(ola=uJ6i?mj ?
Lesson 75 j 611
( iv) îtesPiuih ua3n Qe^tu^rt Q^bQipvu eonuih (o)(ol(_<S(gtD(r ?
( v) ^fsj ffi c9(^û)frfft2> ar(5i gu (lufra(7-LLi_/r ermia aarfj ai g
( vi) /B/rQerra^ LoQyj ^ s bs Ofrt l L- ir jSiitiB ^6ISPLCIT6iiA^LI (Iurre)Smia,
êbQeo 7
( vii) ;ff(5/<g5 ^^<stD(rfftzi a_iBj sm^tÂiû Gu ( riru i_rr ffT/BjCa
GLJ(T6?mjffi ?
VO CABULARY
Qrbeb ' pad d y'
uu3iT
' crop'
' grow' ' rain'
(oluuJ ' rain' ' mans oon'
' t u rn brown GiffiTSTrii) ' maize'
and d ie'
dBLDL/ ' mil l et ' ' irrigat e'
' cont inu ou s / 'decay and d ie'
t orrent ial rain'
' harves t '
uuS'ir Qffu J
' grow'
' grains ' Qsuiij&iTUJLh
' onion'
a_<oT5^^ -
' bl ack gram'
eouuih
' profit '
GR AMMAR
18.75.186. Unl i ke t he format ion of t he affirmat ive cond it ional verbs , t he
negat ive cond it ional verbs are formed by ad d ing t he suffix ^ l L l - Z T t o t he verb
st ems t hat are s imil ar t o t heir verbal root s . Exampl e :
QUUJ +^ l L i I T ; QuujujmLiir
uuSirQa'UJ + ^ t Li f r : UUSITQ&'UJUJITL-IIT
ufr? +^ l L l _ / t : urS'AanriLi-iT
QUIT + c^ LLi_nr ; QUITÎTL-IIT
Li ke affirmat ive cond it ional verbs t he negat ives al so d o not d is t ingu is h eit her
person ornu mber orgender. Exampl e :
I S . 75. 186. i_;(5ffULoQjp QuojujaiLiîru uuSrr 65(5^ u Gunîh.
^nesPujih uuSii Q-ÛJUJITLLIÎT QeyimsrrujLb uuSir
QffuJujeOnLb.
tbiTsir <0îhuij^Â(g)U Gurr/TL- L_fr <s56bg2ff(P@u
Gu frGs u s s r.
Sand hi 38. The negat ive marker -^L-IIT is real ized as -d^L-t_(T6b when
a suffix beginning in a vowel is added t o it . Exampl e ;
QUUJUJITLLIIT + ^ : QuuJujinLL-neoiT
u i l Ji t (olffuJuj(rLLi_(T + 5 ^ : u u J' it QffuljujTLLi_/T6V5iT
QunaniLi-rr + c% : Gu/TairLLinreC"
^fbfi + u a a i i i ^^û uAaih (Refer S.4 in 1.2)
a5(5<^ + Quuîh - > ( 5.^ u Gu /r@Lb . .
rBI(Lg> + QuiTQ,ih -> ^ ^ S u QuiT^Lh (Refer S.31 in 17.68)
Qff/rdJso + Gu/rtOT) > Qsîrebeou Guffjsa) (Refer S.29 in 15.56)
/B(r(ol6tr*(g + .#j SiiU!riSgj (S > jBfr(o1sTras@ff ^îhuor^â^
S^thuij^Â^ Gu zras ^ j j ii) >i#^ Lbu !r^ gj a( giJ Gu ( r<aî/ixi
(Refer S.18 i n 2.14)
UNIT 18
LESSON 76
P R E P A R A T I O N T O G O T O A DO C T O R
DIALOGUE
ft/JiSjrii) : en em: t i iBervi rr
(SrCjre^. ereiresr Q)
wirîPiuir ^ ( 5 @3 f (BJa ?
ffi_i_ii)L/ ffiP ^ s bOcoiu fr ?
arGfTsi^ ; ^Ljuuf-QujebeoiTLh
ep em gg>i eu (ol eu nsi <s.
Qjrsiror c t p ^ jciterrir^
j s Gl s os us i?. ,:^t j 5' /fîT(5-
ffssTii) GuiTiL<Siit eue&
^QpiuQeo.
Vanakkain. Pl eas e come i n s ir.
Vanakkam Mr. S u res h.- Why (you )
l ook s ick.... ? Are (you ) not wel l
Not hi ng of t hat s ort , s ir... (I) had
headache for (t he pas t ) t wo or t hree
days . Even after appl ying Amru t anj an
t he pain d id not redu ce.
Do (you ) have fever ?
ffrQife^ : iDiTQeou3Qeo C so a= t
SLLQL- cs tr em l ? mj a .
ffi/rujffffsb @ (5 /B ^ T
c9yii5'/f^;T(5s=s5TUi Gu /rtl-
i_n-g2;tb Ôeos u s )? ( gQnj -
Lj/PG<Ffr^<ffffr ^ ^ ^ as
<3B/ruJff<yg2i@ as fT ( T
em^QÂ aemQu LSITJ-A
xeonih. 4_fri_(T Q<f sbsu
{TfT^ ^6 60 60 ir)(5fBg;
Qair(5i<sB(g/D6U(5. as j ru j * -
iL/ti) (o)as fr (5 LJ u j r (5....
LJfTffaaB^J/tC. LD(!T)^QÂ
Gu/ras6U(ru3/r ? /Bfrgjjiii
a_/Bjas ah.L_ s u Gps i r.
ffrQijei^ : in IT Qeo uSQeo
ii6iroP<B(gLJ Gujraseon-fBiaB.
ffr^îjih : Qeusmt-iTih.
GuiTaeoiTih.
G( rs i^ : ibiTLD ûuQeu Gu / r^ j gi / i i )
L_fr(_(ol3^LJ u if A as
(ipii).uj/rgji5jffi. fill (5
LDirfolsoiL^GsuîrsJT s u (15-
611 IT (5.
av/B^ iTii : u u * iP. l d irGl 6U
u iiGeoGiiJ GuiraseoiTti).
Yes , (I) have s l ight fever i n t he
evening.
If t hat is so, s how you rs el f t o a
d oct or. Even i f (you ) appl y Amru -
tanjan t he headache w i l l not reduce
when t here is fever. If (you ) get
you r bl ood t est ed (we) may find out
t he cause fort his fever. Dr. Sel varaj
is one who gives good med icine. ( He)
w i l l give (some) good t abl et s al s o for
fever...You s hou l d go and meet hi m.
Even i f you t ake med icine you mu s t
t ake good rest. Shal l we go t o t he
hos pit al now ? I w i l l al s o come w i t h
you .
We s hal l go at s ix o' cl ock in t he
evening s ir.
LJu G6ii No. Wew i l l go now it s el f.
Even i f we go now (we) cannot meet
t he doct or. Hew i l l come onl y i n t he
evening.
Then (it ) is al right . We s hal l go i n
t he evening onl y.
DRILLS
18. 76. 187. û9fr^/T(65ff65rLb Gu i rL- i - i rgUt i ) ^Qeosueff
(gGl iDu j irgj .
Lesson 76 j 615
;BfriD ^ LJu G eu Gu fft gj gj j iL t_fr<st_(ol[riJ u /f/raffi
(i) cS(u9(f^fr(â=6BTii) Qunil-\n-
Gu/TLl l _/TgJJt r) .
( ii) fffEJiSB LD(f5fB(ol^ @U).fftfirgJJLD
(gii).ff<9=(rg2JU>
( iii) ^BfTiD ^ u l j Gs u Gu fTigj g^Jii
i_/T<aL.(o)(ru u ( T/fa (ipLf l ij frgi.
Gunr(fiB)g2/ti)
^ LJu G s u
IBfTLD
c. Expans ion d ri l l
(i) ibma unrrsa Qfitif-UJiT^'
L_(T6Bt_Q;TiJ uirnAa Qpu^-iuir^
^ LJL/ Gs u Gu fngj gyt i) uirirAa
^Qeo6ue& ( gQpu j /rgj .
^Qs oeus iS' (gGl/DUjfrgy
GLjffLL(_frg2/Lb ^(ol606iiffl9
(gGl nj iu /rgj ,
û9(T^ff(65ff6ffTii Gu frt l ifTgj j ii)
firiia Ln(!T,p)QÂ (gi^- fffffrg^jm
fBsbsD/r îusij erQAaîiLh.
rbnm ^ u u G s u Gu rrigj j gj j ii)
(tpiq- tuiTg;
uff(Tia<35 (ipiq- UJfrgj
iirAiQrfu urrirAa (tpuj-Uj/rgj
GLJ/T(65)g2jti) (_/7ai_(ol!7iJ uiTirAa
(Lpiq-lUlj^
^ u u G s u Gufrigs)@2;ii) i_/rai_(o1(riJ
LjnrrAa (Lpi^tuir^
fbinn ^ i J u C s u Gu fr@)gj ;iL
jBiTU) UfTfraa ( ipii).aj fr^.
^Bfrin ^ u u G s u Gu fngj gj j Lb
61.6 I An Intensive Course in Tamil
( ii) ^liis @iuei^ erQAaîh.
( iii) ^QeoeneS' ^Qpujir^.
^fBiiSB rbsbeorr ûjeij 6jQAs>^)iLb
j sQeosust ? û 9ff^/rig5cf a mi
d . Qu es t ioh- Ans wer d ri l l
(i) Q : eresrarr s ^ LDITÎPUJIT ^(iîQfrSmia ?.... a_i_t i)i- / fffP
A : c9/iJuL).(oluj6U60/rLb spsBJrûijS'sbGlsO/Eja.v GlirsBBT
fBISTTfT GsUfffT jsGlsosus)?.
( ii) Q : aiTUJiFffsb ^ ( Tj a^ ^ rr ?
A : ixiirGl suui'Geo Geuff/r ^ a g g j -
( iii) Q : /BfrLo c^ s rou ^ j ^ f P a ^ u GutraeonLDir ?
A : LDirQsDui'Gso ^^LDessPAû Gu iras s oirfBia.
(i) rbTLD ^ LJu G eu Gu /rigj gj j Lb
i_rri_Qj ru uff^rraas (tpuj- ujirgj.
verb accord ingl y.
I_)JDLJU
Gu fT
G#(75
( ii) QiTCBirr ( t p ^ rhireiTiT^
Su bs t it u t e
666857 SI/SIS'
e5)asevi6i9
(Tg2JSUSl9
2_l_lill_/6U6)S'
jB(7LD ^ LJu G s u Gu /rig5gj j Lb
i_(ri_Q[rLJ u(7ffaB (ipii}-UJ(rg/.
i_jrL_Q!TLJ ufr/f (ipt ifUJiTg;.
fBfTLD ^ LJu G eu QaenLbLfis)îb
i_rTAu.Qiju Lj/T(7<s (ipii)- iiJ/r^.
rbTLD ÛuGeV Gui7(SS)^Lb
i_fr<Bi_(ol(rLJ LjfTffa* (ipuûjrr^.
rbniD ûuQeu G#(f ij^ngjjiri
i_.ai_G)(7Lj uiTirAa (Lpu).iu/7gj.
(ol!r6a57(5 {p@)/ fBT6T7/r^ ^(016061/619.
QjrSWI (tp^)/ JBir6T7/riS(5BSBB7@)J6USl5'.
(oiiTftTOi c!P@y ^nennA 65)<s6i/6i9.
(o)!r6B57(5 (Lfj^)i jbierrna aijêueff.
(oltreOTT (ip^jj jBfrerr/Ta a/rgjeuei?.
(oliTSTOT (Bn-617/r a_i_Lb(_/6U6i9.
Lesson 76 / 617
( iii) c9<i^(fjS/T(gff6!iTU) QuniLlîh
6ueS ^QipvuQeo.
Su bs t it u t e
t o^ J
(i) îi?/T^(fâ=6jni Qu!i(Qii}m.
@ffiiB^(rg2;ti) epuJS^
CpU/Tf5ic5B.
u/T/fa645 (ipii).uj frg;.
t_(Ti_/f<5BLL(oli_i5 arremLSriia.
g. Trans format ion d ri l l
(j) cS)u5'ff^(T(îfSOTLD GiJ/rL_i_/r
dBfruJffffsb @(ol/ouj/Tg/.
Cfiurrisgj t_frL_(o)!rLl< u/r/faas
(yDii).ujnrgj.
EXERCISES
h. F i l l in t he bl anks u s ing t he cues given i n parent heses as i n t he mod el given
bel ow.
Mod el : ers u rao Qi;emQ (ifi^ [bitsnir ,. (headache)
LDIT^^QlJ Cu ( TLLl i susiS"
îBiTîTiâ'esTib GuniLiirîh
^'o)60ene& (g^Qpiuir^.
jfiEia êiou^îPA(g)U Gu ( T@)g2jii)
i_fri_/iJLL(oli_ a(r6in-L?<f<9=frg3Jiij
c^fu^ff^TtSffSsrtb Gu/rLLi_/TgjjLi)
[_frai_fr<LL(oli_<B a/reirani'ffff/TQJiLb
;5(E)a c^sfULjî^fPaot J Gu;r(65g2ju)
( i) 0@iST ? (fever)
(ii) a_mj + rru uifCSsîrûuirmis. (bl ood )
( iii) s _mia j r^ ^ j s Gl ^ u uurriiis. (t es t )
( iv) /ruJ<f#g2;(g + era 6aBT(5L5'ii).aasOTiD. (cause)
(v) iruJa=ffg2;i5o a/rj res i r^ Sl ^ a aas oirt b. (find ou t )
( vi) cSfs u /Bsbso , Q/TiJu n- ((5. (med icine)
( vii) rSiey^ iLjth QaiTQuuT(rf). ( pil l s )
( viii) rBTiB Aû Gunaecunnir ? (hos pit al )
i. Wri t e t he word repres ent ed by t he formu l a.
Exampl e : Gu TL._/rgj iii GurrQ + Cohces s .
(i) + Conces s :
( ii) siremiS + Conces s : -
( iii) @(ol{D + Conces s : , .
( iv) uiPGo'iT^ + Conces s : . ,
(v) siem(^L9uf. + Conces s :
( vi) Glffi(T(5 + Conces s :
( vii) ^ u Joi ; 67(5 + Conces s :
( viii) G u t + Conces s :
(ix) ufTffj + Conces s :
(x) SUIT + Conces s :
j . Gi ve an ans wer wit h even if-clause t o each of these qu es t ions u s ing t he
cues given in parent heses.
Mod el : ^Qeos>js&(gGl pj iurr^fr ? (rSiiBir^ni^s'esTih GunQ)
c^Lcnr. cS(u5'ff^(r(sjff65ri) Gu(rLLi_(rg2jtb ^Q60eu6&
(i) ;b/t6bt rbeoeoiT @uJ6i/ 6T(S>aa@uix)ff ? ( l u ^ rB Q^ a &)' ^ )
( ii) /BT65T inAi^Qiju u fTfiaa (Lpi^-Ujn^n ? (ûuGev Guir)
( iii) (B(T6sr ^^fr(ol6Uu5'G60 ^fPGujirîuLD urrfraa (Lpiq-iuir^rr ?
(GemiTiLL-eoGeci ^liii^)
( iv) êoAaemih qff lurrîr ? (er(Lp^ srîpû unnfj)
(v) ^liia (Bnr(o)6Tra@<f .#j aLDU!r^g/a@u Gu/reiyfEjaemr ?
( u /PiKol ff ( !5J
( vi) ;g/Bj jbirQeiTAÂ aeogmiPAig) 6\j(56i?nsja6Tr/T ?
( a2r(5@u Gun)
k. Join each of these pairs of s impl e sentences int o a compl ex one as s hown in
Mod el : îBnîrt^ffmih GunQmia-
Lesson 76 / 619
(i) ins>L-nSiLQtA snemiSriia.
( ii) j^fBJaS LD(l5^(ol^cB @Jl)./EJiSB.
( iii) fSm/ c^6TOLj ^c5(P(gu Gu.TrB/as.
( iv) a_/Eja5 [ T^ ^ ^ Gl j S U urf^Gff/Tj^tJufrfBjffi.
(v) fffEJiSS s^^^îj^^Geo erpmi^mim.
^(Tfj^^nîh ^mj6i Gsiiu3Qeou unHAm (j pu j - iu /ig;.
( vi) jBiTSffT Gsj ffl /iL- isbGso ^miigfGeueiT.
1. Ans wer these qu es t ions .
(i) a_r5j<a(gf5<S(g^^(ol606U6iS' eu/Bîr ereiresT QsûLi&Sriia?
( ii) a/TUJffffsb ^ c 5 / B ^ f /ffi/as 1x1(5/5^ @L)-LJLfmj6Trfr ?
( iii) a_(a(6B(6i5(ga5 asfruJcfffso/r ^cj ^Jaj ffgj /Lb jSriia 6i/(giJi_/<E(5
su(5Si7fE/6Tr/r ?
( iv) u/T(_ii u u j - ffff/rgyt i Lj/fL_(ola= eT(tp^/ru3 tr).LJ6TrGin(r
(ol6B(olL_<5(gLDfr ?
(v) dSfrQfiUiii'GsD L).u 6ir s=frLJL?Lli_/TgjjLb u ^ Gl i gj f j u j ew fa^
erarrao s p a u arrL? G e u ^ t i . E_rEja(T5(g ?
( vi) ^fiiPuj(rf) (o1<?/r6artss)g2;ii) ff/E/a evûLfGeo urrtiMnL-Us-iiiaenn'f
( vii) ffp'fffosu.^qjr^gjGeoui'ffj^B^ u s ru QaQitf*/rgj j ii)
VO CABULARY
a_i _t Dq ' bod y' ^GIsosusiS' ' headache'
c5(u9rr^fr(ga=6t>Tii ' Amru t anj an' GsOfffr ' s Hght l y'
if^^th ' bl ood ' u ifGffffj S 't es t '
afTirsBSTLb 'caus e' LD(f5;B^ ' med icine'
mn^^Qij ' pil l s , t abl et s ' IpuJ^V '"êst"
l û Js ij 6T(5 ' t ake res t '
GR AMMAR
18.76.187. The conces s ive verbs are expressed by t he cond it ional verbs and
t he suffix - S - Lfl . As we ment ioned in t he previou s l essons, t he cond it ional s
are real ized as -^sb whil e - a_t i), t he vowel beginning suffix is added t o t hem.
Not e t he fol l owing exampl es .
Gu fr + iL + ^ : GuiriLi^rr GUITILLÎT + 2_ii) ; GuiriLtrrîh
Gun + sir + : GUITIS) GLJITISS) + a_ii) : Guir^îb
Li ke cond it ional verbs t hese verbs al s o d o not d is t ingu is h eit her pers on or
nu mber or gender and t hey are al ways fol l owed by a finite verb which indicat es
fut ure meaning. Exampl e :
18. 76. 187. tîi?fr^fr(ff5a=6wt) ClufrLLi_/Tg2;ib ^Qeoeue&
^BiriD ÛUQGU Gufrig5@2/tc iirAiQiju u n i ra *
Sand hi : GurriLu-ir + s_ih GurriLiiTîh
giij-fffffr + 2_ii) @ir}.ff:i?frg2jub
GuiTt^ + a_Lb ^ Gui J i s ) gui h (Refer S.35 in 18.74)
GuiTUj + uirrriaûih J Guiriuu uirnaa^mb (Refer S.32 in 17.69)
rbirmiT +^Qeoeue& > sbrrenir^ ^Qeoeue& (Refer S.21 in 3.20)
^/6^ + ffi(nijffff@2j@ > ^/ B^ A TUJ#<f g2jig (Refer S.4 i n 1.2)
rf^fi^Qfi + u^Ga^nÂs-n > ij^^^Qû uiPGa^nÂsn
ê\jQi} +Guniuu unaAsîh ^ ^ eu Q ^ t l i Guiriuu unnAaîh
U3(5/B(O1^ +@L).<9=ff(i@jjii) > II(5]B(O1^ (gLj.<9=ff(rg2iii) (Refer S.20 in 2.17)
êiou^îPAi^ + GuiraeoiriBiT > ^6fou<s^(PiB@u Guiraeoirwir 7
c^gytDSBBf a + Guirasurrtb > c^gjjLDsusPffiû GufraBSO/rui
a5(ruj#a=g2j@ + airijem^Q^ ^ affujffffgyaâ fr!r6!rar^(ol<s<5
(66fi3ifr(5L5'iq.<5<Bso/rii). (Refer S.18 in 2.14)
/
UNIT 18
LESSON 77
A DVI C E T O T HE P A T I E N T
DIALOGUE
-/B^(rii): sTsirssr iBerviir a^Qiê^,
sidijei^ : Qiînhu /B rrS' (BJ as ....
What Mr. Su res h, how is you r heal t h
now ?
(It) is not bad, s ir. (I) am t aking t onic
now.
(It ) does not mat t er even i f you ' d o
not come t o t he cl ass ; Pl eas e t ake
good rest.
Thank (you ) very mu ch, s ir....Is
Naras aiah coming t o t he cl ass ?
aQtjsîQgnebeoniLtiTiguth ^s s t j b
&eut!T) ^liiGa eii(rf,eun-
gijCcfiO 6 T s ir Q 6sr s ir ssr
u n ih er eb so rr ih
m^îjih : Q (T siirr u Q lu
uiTi^Q^ (ipuf.AQa'eir ;
^sijoUsrrsi/^/TSST. tbsbeotr
^ lu ei{ ST @ (Ei a ....
'(TSirPaQas sp (ip iej (r a=
a=fTlJLS'fB).
ftGjrsi^ : fBTQsrT<sB@<9= sîriuiiiansoih
^fi^LJ uAaiM su;b<s/t
SU/7/Ei.
m^îjih : rbirQerrA^ /b/tsst ^ ; b<Sl i
uaaii) eii^^rrîh ij^î?
^rreir sufr (tp uj. u _ / . . .
6U!rLL(5>U)(T ?
^Gjrsif : euirriia.
Yes , he is coming. Shou l d (I) inform
hi m t o come (here) ?
Even if (you ) d o not inform ( him) he
used t o come here d ail y i n t he even-
ing. What are al l t he lessons have
(you ) t au ght d u ring t his one week ?
(I) completed t wo old lessons ; That
is all. You taWe good rest." Take the
tonic regularly.
If you happened t o come t his s ide
t omorrow evening, please come
(again).
Even if I come t his side t omorrow (I)
can come onl y in t he night - Shal l I
t ake l eave of you ?
Pl eas e d o, s ir.
DRILLS
18. 77. 188.
b. Bi i i l d u p d ri l l
/fnj j a s i )@u i _/ @ euijiriLirrîh uijeunu3a:)Q6C.
0miS, ( o ) f f f T 6 t ) S O f T l l l _ / T g 2 y l l c 9 / S U( 5 @ ( E j G 6U(J5SU/T(5.
(i) ^liis s u ( gt j q( g
su!rfrLLi_/rg2/Lb urreniruSeoQeO.
uifeuiTu3eb(o)eo
eurrmLiiTîh
s u @u q6B@
ujrsufTid'sbGlso.
ujTsujTui'sbGlso
6uijnCinîh uijeunuSeoQeo
eu'g)UL\a^ suiT/TLLifrgjyii
uijeuiruSeoQeo
^mim s u ( g L J q ( g 6U( T/ Ti l L_frg2 / i i )
U!fi\iiru3eoQso.
Lesson 77 / 623
( ii) 0ima QaîrAieanLiirîh
êuiTT) @ mj Ga 61/ (5611^(5.
6U(561/T(5
^611(5
(i) c 9 ) 61l ( 5 6U(561I/ T(5.
^ / BJ GI S B 6D(56U/r(5
j f / B i (o)a=/r6b6t)/TLLi_frgj;ti)
6i;(56i/fr(5
( ii) (B/ffi ufrerufraeunrtL.
u/rerufraeofni)
îwa QtfirAieOiTCiiTîh cSieu0
^tiiQa 6ij(5fii/T(5.
6i/(56U(r(5
^ mj Ga s u(56i/fr(5
c9(6i ; {5 ^fBi Gds eu 06i)/r(5
<o1a=rrsb60(TL.i_fr^Lb cS j 6U( 5 ^ l E i Ga
6i;(561J(T(5
/ S / Bi dS Q(9=ff6V)60(TLlL_rr@2; l ) c9;61/ ( 5
^ i B i Ga 6U( 5s i/fr( 5.
c9ysu(5 611(561/17(5.
^/sii(5 ^fEj Gas 6D( 5 6i / / r( 5.
c9; 6U( 5 /ff/BJds (Dlff/r6b6D/rLLi_frgj iLb
^ f B j G 6U( 5 6i i / r ( 5.
^liia uireroiraeoiTth.
unerviraecnih.
(i) Q : G! rs i ^ , ûu a2_i_t i)Lj eruuiq. ^ ( 5 ( g / ?
A : Lj(r6D(Tui'6ti(o)6D, ero/rif.
( ii) Q : rbijffiuiuiT 6i/( gt JL/ig eU(27[r/r ?
A : 6ij(2j'(5.
( iii) Q : c9)6ii(ol!r 6i/!r<J(ol*iT6t)60@uiiiT ?
A : QsîiAieoiTLLiiTîh êsr^Qîrîh fFniuriiaireoih ^^61/(5
^ ( B J GI S SD(561IfT(5.
(iv) Q : s?c5 6ii/T(r^gjG60 6T65rQ63T65r65T uniLD ffrebeonth
A : QjissOT u rri ^ Gl ^ (ipiqLffGffSBT ; ^6i/6i/6Tr6i^^/r6Jr.
(i) ^6U(5 (olff(T6b6U/TLLl_/T@2J[i)
QJ(56D/7(5.
verb accord ingl y.
GlffuJ
c;6i/(5 (olff/r6b6U/rLLi_/rg2jLb
6K(56U/T(5.
<:9i6ij(5 ffnuL?(_;TLLL- ./r@2iii)
61((56l;/T(5.
c9/6i;(5 QffuJuj;rLLi_/rg2/Lb
611(561/(7(5.
6T(5
UT(5
i Dgyu Gu T
( iii) îliu i_iT6isPA ITU 1^(^(1 com.
Su bs t it u t e
(i) /B/Tffjr uuf-asLDmLGieir
/ffmia 61/(rLDf7LLlfi-fEJ<35.
(ffsjffi Qffn- sbsutBmliffi- mja.
g. Trans format ion d ril l
(i) ^ m/ a Qff/rsijriSS) cS/si/(5
fB/a #^ / i i _/ !r^ gj ( gt J GunrigB)
iSBsbgwPaB ei/(5Si?(5jiSB6rr/T ?
c9)U?fr^/T(65<J=63TLb GutTtLL-fT
<5<o)U61/s6' @(ol/DUJ(Tg/.
fBT/jD ^LJULJ GufT(63) cS/Sl/QjTU
U/TfT<i (LpUJ-UJfTgJ.
( ii) ; 5( i/ (oli9=iT6JT(S5)g2jLb c9/6i/(r5
61/(5 61/(T (5.
<iP<a/xiu(r^î5B@LJ Gu/r(63jg2;tb
'S6bgj/r(f'<5@ si/(f56i?fBj6rrfr ?
UL).jaffTg2JLb u/r6ro/riSB60frLb.
E X E R C I S E S
tS/6iJ([5 6u/T/Ejffi/rLLL_;rga[i3 sucjeu/r.
55J61/[5 U/rffi(TLLl_/TgyLb61l(f561/(T(5.
c9<su(5 t D@!j u Gu /n_/rLl t _/rg2;Lb
6U(56U(r(5.
^ t j u i_rr6iTPii a=(nJL5'(5iGjD65r.
rbiTSST UL).afri_i_/rg2/LD
u/r6n)/rG6i/6Jr.
/ffns/6B 6i/!r/TLLi_(rgj;L0 utrsi/frui'ebGleo.
iSiiisi (o)<F/T6U6DfrLLu-frg2j/i) cS/s u
6D(5 611 rr (5-
j^fE/as Qfffr6i3T(go)gji/i) c^6i/( 5
61/(561/(7(5.
ffmja #^ i Lbu !r^ g; ( S^ i J Gu!Tis)^th
&ec&îPA^ 6i/(56i?(s/ca6TT/r ?
cîiS'/T^/rt^<F65rLb Gu frt l LrrgJj Lb
^nm ûuu GufT(6Bj@2/ii) îsvQi;u
ufTfisBas (tpL).iij/rgj.
^^/sjas (ola=/T6t)6VJ;nJ_(_/rg2Jtb c^6i/(5
61/(561/(7(5.
#î)u(r<sgjffi(gtj Gu(Ta5/7L_i_(7@2j/)
iSB6V)g2/r(P'S(g 6i/(5Si3'(5ja56Tr(7 ?
^/BÛ U(7L_^Gl^tJ
UL).(S(rLlt^f7g2/ix) u/76n;/7a560(7(i.
h. F i l l in t he bl anks u s ing t he cues given i n parent heses as i n t he mod el given
bel ow.
Mod el : ^liis {Bsb60(r (E/as. (t ake rest )
friis rb&DsoiT gituQj erQdia.
Lesson 77/ 625
(i) Gl^suBT uitL-^Q^ *C#6 ST. (finis h)
( ii) êueumekf êbQeo, ( import ant )
( iii) iiT6sf&Qs âuL^Qiiia. (regu l arl y)
i . Wri t e t he word repres ent ed by t he formu l a.
Exampl e : uiq.a=9îrîh i rt<) + Conces s ,
( i) ff/ruL? + Conces s :
( ii) G1a=(r6bg2/ + Conces s :
( iii) (fpuf^ + Conces s : ,
( iv) uireroiT^ + Conces s :
( v) @ii). + Conces s :
Exampl e : S1<SF/r6bUTili_Tyii Qff/rs bgj ; +
Conces s ( Neg).
(i) uu^ + Conces s ( Neg) :
( ii) 6B5T(5l?i). + Conces s ( Neg) :
( iii) siremtS' + Conces s ( Neg) :
( iv) uirQ + Conces s ( Neg) :
( v) fffrtJii" + Conces s ( Neg) :
( vi) aeuQeouuQ + Conces s ( Neg) :
( vii) sua^^ûuQ + Conces s ( Neg) :
( viii) + Conces s ( Neg) :
j . Gi ve an ans wer wi t h even if-clause to each of these qu es t ions u s ing t he
cues given i n parent hes es .
Mod el : ^liis ^sbsofr epiueij eT(5uL?misrr/r ?
6Tt JGu 6ir.
( i) /Bfrsir ^ / B ^ u uif CQaûS'Qeo uireroirs (tpirj- ujir^/r ?
( u irij s Q^ jiA>60nu uixf.)
( ii) ^BfreJr ^ l u s y eT(5^t ifr ? (in(if)^Qâ @4- )
( iii) /BiTssr /BsbeOffff fffrtJL5'i_@ui)/r ? (fpuJsi^ er)
k. Gi ve an ans wer wi t h even if-clause (negat ive) t o each of t hese qu es t ions
u s ing t he cues given i n parent heses.
Mod el : c9j su(5 ^liiGa 6L/(5ur7!r/r ? Q^naD^)
6U(if)eun (TF).
(i) jsirsffT Linrsro/ra (ipLj.iqtx)(7? ( u t l j s GIj Sl j u u ).)
(ii) ibirQerrs^s as u gj /riPa eUffêtSriiaeniT ?
( <^ ^ Lbu !r^ gj @Lj QUIT)
( iii) ^liis LJnesPAQa 6p(Lfiii)aiTA s^nui3Q)SiiimmiT ? (ûjeij eiQ)
( iv) jgiiiA jbêoiT qpujs^ s t Ou l ?( B/s ir/T ? (iirs s PaG)* * fffruL?)
(v) jEiiia ûu^ jSuS'tpu u i f i l Qf f STxipêiStsjaeniT? (rtAieotr eurrfi)
( vi) ffmj a îBifi uuûLSmiaeirn 7 ( a / f i l Qf f ^ ( 5 )
1. Join each of these pairs of s impl e sentences int o a compl ex one as s hown i n
Mod el : îres r u /ri_^ Q<s LJ uiij-AcSBLD/rilGisaT.
^n&sT uiTL-^Qû uii).<g5n-LL(_fr@yti) u fft l Gl ffu i' Geo
unsrOffGeussr.
(i) ^ / i i a cu @u i- /iS( g 6ii(rLD/TLLii.(5ja5.-
^ / B^ j rgj j i i ) ui7u/rui'st)Q6i5.
( ii) /fm/ds Qs'nebecmiiiLis.mia.
^ ffi/Bs STgj j ii ^ | 6U(5 ^SOT^ BG^ rrgj /ii) ^ f B j Gs s u ^ s iJir.
( iii) /f/B/a LDfj/Bfol^ p(ip(BJaT @Uf.AaLDmLus.riia.
^(5;B^(Tg2Jt D fBsbsofr sûJei/ sT(5fBja.
( iv) aGj rei ^ i)(5j b(oI^ <9=(nJL5'L_uD/Tili_fr(5.
C!5/Bssnrg2jti a- Gj rs i^ ibeoeoiT ^ u Js i^ ffT(5uufr(5-
( v) aiBjSirtjb Ufri_^(o)<stJ UL).iBaLDfrLLL_/r((5.
^ ( ( j /B^ frgj /ii) /Bfrsir cSy^Bû u / n_^ ( ol ^ u u i i j - u Gu s s r.
m. Change these sentences int o conces s ive negat ive.
(i) jS 6ii(giJi- /(g s u fB^Tgj j ih uiêxirraS'ebQeo.
(ii) ; f (EJa Gla=fr65r(gjg2(Lb ^ssr^Qîrîh @mj Ga eu ^ s u Tfj .
( iii) ^ / Bj S (olirsiiiiT u iTi_^ ( ol ^ iqir) utc}.a=ffn-gjjixi UTsru/rasOfni).
( iv) iSiii^ (olff(T6U6i9a Qarr^ j Sd s irgSj ii eT65rffi(g ^ s oaas s ffTii l / ( Pj ^ l d .
(v) ffrsj a Gat l ifrgj /LD /b/tsw (ol a/Tt S' u Gu s w.
n. Ans wer these qu es t ions .
(i) e_/Eia S-i^LDLf s Tu u u ). ^ a @ ^ 7
( ii) {ffreja @LJu ej^rreu^ ifrssPa <?frtJL5'(5fi?fEjasTr/T ?
( iii) ^f6{S ^6S76rOii).L).^Ll G60 u fTL- t L uiij .aan- LLi_frg2iU)
u j - u s t t Gl d /t (ola(a)i_a@u3fr ?
( iv) ^ m/ a GaaafTLLidgj /LD a_fBj a ûuu a_m/aigr5a@u uaiiiTLb
Qfr(5uu( r!r( r ?
(v) uiQjfi QuiuujiTiLi^rTîh Q[b6b euerrjfjLDfr ?
( vi) {fiBj a u ii).aafrLLL_(rgj j u ) STSDSOT GTSILQU uiii^QîLfih
eT(tpgj3?/B/a, ^ s bGs o ?
Lesson 77 / 627
VO CABULARY
iiresPA ' t onic' (ipu). ' finis h'
(tpASajth ' import ant ' 6fi(LpiiiaiT ' regu l arl y'
GR AMMAR
18.77.188. The negat ive conces s ive verbs are formed by ad d ing t he negat ive
cond it ional - ^ l L i _ / t t o t he verb s t ems and t oget her t hey are fol l owed by t he
suffix - S I p.
+ c^L-iir +a_Lb: 6U!rfrLLi_iT@2/Lb
Off(rsugy + c^ t l ifr + H-ih ; QaêbeoniLiiT^îh
-cîlizr is real ized as -îLtneb before t he suffix -S-th (Refer 5.36 i n
18.75). Li ke affirmat ive conces s ive verbs t he negat ives al so d o not d is t ingu is h
eit her pers on or nu mber or gender. Exampl e :
18. 77. 188. fiiis 6U(giJq@ j(riTLLi_!rg2jtb uiêunuSAiQeo.
It is import ant t o not e t hat t he negat ive conces s ive cl auses in t he above
exampl es are fol l owed by t he finite verbs t hat ind icat e fut ure meaning.
Sand hi : euijiriLiir + ffi_Lb êu/ririliTrgj/ib
Q&'rr&êoml.iiT 4- ffi_tb > QaîraêoatLt^nîh (Refer S.36 in 18.75)
su/BjST + -113 >sujij5(r@2jLb (Refer S.35 i n 18.74)
6U7 + Qaireneoûiir êujrff Q#/rb60@aiirr (Refer S.29 in 15.56)
Q)(y)(Bj(r + <9=(TiJLf(B)>êp^yiiBjairJ afnuiSQmia (Refer S.21 i n 3.20)
@ i 6 ^ + umaih ^fiûuAaih (Refer S.4 i n 1.2)
UNIT 19
LESSON 78
G O I N G T O T HE R A I LW A Y S T A T I O N
DIALOGUE
rbijfftuiuir : aQijeif, ! gj/r mi SIT ID
lb(37f^îf'u^Gso
ermjCsB QaernhLiîiis ?
a-Girsi^ : !ru5'60ii).(g GlffisrriiL/-
GfDsaT ercsr j bs hj t l /cj t
SpCj-S^CTT OaFesTGlswiL?
iDSBsf (rcti'sbCcD cufnyssr.
cS)6u(ol6i(ra= {6 u
Gu/rG/DCJr .... /Bjai^rjti)
c9( 6u (o) ear LJ u IT ir A 9
eurSiBiastriT ?
Su res h ! where are (you ) going
i n t his mid night wit hou t s l eeping ?
(I) am going t o rail way s t at ion...A
friend of mine is coming by t he 2 o'
cl ock t rain from Mad ras . (I) am
going t o meet hi m. Wi l l you al so
come t o meet hi m ?
g/GsO ;Bl_<a@(D 6!DLJUfB-
ÛLLIU GuiTil.i^-u3Geo
60fBgj (ola/rsTTOT 6U(276ffr
../BTfolerrio iD(r(ol60iL?G60
Gu/rilirj-Coluj cîTii)L?-
ffiij Gu/r(27fBj.
lUfTiTfTSUgi Guff 61/(27-
aGrriT ?
Q^fn_mj<S 6S1 6U <9= Si- u
GuffLJ GLj(r(2jf((5.
rbpfifuJiun : ûuu ueio Q(o1L_-
uj/rGjS .' /B/riD {TiLPsoii}.*
6TLJuti).tJ Guira 1
GlpreBJrr GU ( 5 LD G U I T S
60!Tlh.
jbifa'UJUjrT : 6F/P. jSiii&Gen 6T65ra@
6^(5 t i ' f f f Ti ri l u i rj rm
Irj.isQdBLL^ti) 6T (5 (BJ <SB .
6T65T<SLL(oII_ T -
^ 6V) Q U .... 6Tl^LJU}.lJ
tSerrniLuiTi^Lh t i j - aOat l
6T (5 @ (D ^ ? ....6F(P,
t_6BT euiTiiiiBeciinh.
iBiTffiuiiJir ; fffP, GufrGsufTLD.
Lesson 75 / 629
O. K. What for he is coming here ?
He is coming t o t ake part in t he
vol l ey bal l mat ch w hi ch is being
cond u ct ed i n ou r u nivers it y- (They)
are going t o s t art t he mat ch
t omorrow evening.
Is anybod y coming t o speak i n t he
inau gu ral fu nct ion ?
Yes . The Col l ect or of ou r d is t rict
is going t o inau gu rat e and speak.
You see, now t here is no bus ! How
are we to go t o t he rail way s t at ion ?
I have a bicycl e...- Bot h of us w i l l go
by t hat .
O . K. Pl eas e you t ake a pl at form
t icket for me. 1 have no money.
I t oo d o not have money...How t o
t ake t he pl at form t icket ?... Al ri ght ,
please come ; (we) s hal l borrow from
Ravi .
Al ri ght , let us go.
DRILLS
19. 78. 189. rbiresT ^ 6u <oI!T# a^^Âmu QurrQpeir.
jSmjsi^T^th êuQemu unirAa eurSmaenn 7
19. 78. 190. LdrreuLLi ^LL^^ ^ Q S O S U Q^nu-iiiS smsuaaiJ
GurriLu^Quj LcnQeouSGeo ^yihiSAsu Guiritrfmis.
19. 78. 191. ib!TiD ijuSeouÂ^ eTu u i q. LJ Guiras ?
eruuuf.u LSeninLutTtXLb u^-AQail. erQAa ?
b. Build up drill
(i) (Bffeir c^jsuGlssr* fffBâastJ
GunGfoeir.
GuirGpesT
(ii) iSiiist^r^LD ^suQasTU uiriiAa
ffurSrsisenrr ?
6ijn^rajs.erTiT ?
ufTfraa
(iii) GunL-U).Quj wnQoDuSGso
^(rtcLJaaLJ Gu!T(rr}tiia.
GunijrjmiA
wnQeouSGeo
GuniLiq.Quj
(iv) (BftiO p-uSeoi^-A^ eTuuic).u
GU(T ?
6TIJLJIIJ.U Gufra ?
p-iLPsoiij-a
{BrrsJT êuQssrff fffBjâatJ
Gu/iGojeoT.
GuuGpsir
<?;&âaLj Gu t rGpei r
êuQemiF <?/B<SaaLJ Gu /rGrDs ir
jBTsJr sSjsuQosrff <9=/Bâ*u/
GuffG/Dfiir.
^tmsîb êvQmu uff/raa
ei/pJ'wasrTiT ?
6U3?fH/a6Tr/T ?
u/T/faa surrfm/asrriT ?
^siiQsffru urtitaa eupyniiaemT ?
faiaigTjLb ^QjQfflrru u/r/raa
eunyfiiasTTfT ?
Gu(rLlii)-Gluj iBuQsouSGeo
îjLbLSA&u Guntrrjiiia.
GuninjrbiSi
^r!thi3A&u Guninjmtai
LDfrGlecui'Geo c^triiiii'aatj
GLJT(2yfBja
GuniLu^Qiu innQeouSGeo
^[nxiLS'aau Gufr(|iymj a.
^BfTLD iju3eoir).A(&) fTULii^LJ Gu/ra?
6TiJutq.u Gu f ra ?
(Ttii'biJq.aig CTtJLJCj.iJ Gu f f a ?
jBirtD j rafeciij -a siuuuj-ij Gu j ra?
QuiTiLiif.u3(s60 aeo^^
Qasirsfrerr eufnjssr
( ii) ,:S<su/Bi ^ j TLbLJa a u
Qurrtnjiiis.
LcirQeouSQeo ÎJIDLSASU
GutTinjiiis
emsuup,îTiLiu QumLu^Qiu
(iii) fBITLD 6T I J UL) . U Qu!ta?
!jix3eoin.A(g) eruuisû QUITS ?
Lesson 78 I 631
61/(27657.
c9j6iJ6sr (Ju /TLl t q.u i' Geo csssojBgj
(olrr6fr6Tr u ebaGl eoaaj pa^ gj a' g
6U(27S5r.
5^6DfEi ^jTLDLi'iSaStJ QufTfttJlilS.
^sviiis wirQeouSGeo îîhiSaau
Gu / r (27/EJ.
c9/6Uf5J<95 fBT(o)6rr(g LDff(ol60ui'G60
c^^LDtJ'caaBLJ GLjfr(27fEia5.
cêUIEJiS 63)a5l JLJ/B^/nl !_LJ
Gu fiL_ii)_Qu j /Bt Gl erra LDfrQeo-
u^Qso îîhiSsau Gu/T(2?fsja5.
5:9J61/fEJa5 USb<95(ol6U<Sa5{p<5^giG6D
s!nLJu;D^frLLi_tJ Gu frt l irj - Gl iu
(Bfr(olsrr@ LD/rQsuui'Gso
^ ( Tt j bi i ' aau Qurrinjriis.
IblTLD 6TLJLJlI).LJ Gu fr ?
ibiTLD (TuJ'euuj.a 6TLJLJii).LJ Gi - i /ra ?
(i) Q ^liiaiTLn ^ /Bd s / B ^ i TT^ ^ / f uiiGs t ) ffrrajGas
A : !rii5'sv)ii)_ffi(g Q6TTtiL/G/D6Jr.
( ii) Q =^61/(5 6Tg;ffi<g5(Ta5 ^ ( E J G< 6U(2j'([5 ?
A : {BLOLD LJ6t)GlsOJpa5^gjG60 (Bl _ia@p 65)t JLJ^ ^ /rLLl _t J
Gu(TL_L).uilG60 60/BgJ<old5(T6rr6rr 6U(2765T.
( iii) Q : ^ Li LJi J U6rO (olasGlL- UJfrG^ I /Birin (nii'6Utq-ffi(g eru u u j - t j
Guffds ?
A : 6T65r(5BLlQi_ 6^(5 eDSÂSeh ^ ( fj a^ g/ - - - - cS/g/Geo
(ol!r6iniT(5'Gu((5Lb Gu ffaeUTt b.
(i) jB(T65r fffBâaiJ Gu i rGrDs i r.
verb accord ingl y.
6D/BjQT6fr|61f5
/BfTsir ffjBjSaasLi Gu u G/ Dei r.
/BfreJr 50fB@j(ol(T6rr6mJ Gu irG/DSs r.
(olsij(olSTTUJ/T(5
jfrnsj(g
( ii) ZBITU) j rai' s ou f.a^ eruuuj-ij
QUITS ?
verb accord ingl y.
LjnouuQ
( iii) ^5/611(5 sr^&siTS ^tiiQs
aic(r?(5 ?
verb accord ingl y.
6T6ffT65r
u j /r(5
( iv) ereirSiLQi epa^ es)3'sSerT
Su bs t it u t e
ueiij
/T/T
(i) ibfTSsr QunQroesT.
rbiTSST êvQesrA a=^ûQuwT.
( ii) fBiaisrjLb eurfftiimerriT ?
midsigrjii) csjsufolssrij
( iii) ^sveir suifrjeir.
Gl a/rsrrigrj su/rsir.
( iv) ^ 6 1 / 0 d?j!7ir)U6i5'{p/Tei/cS(5
^BnrsJr Q^/ri_miis5s5)eu<BtJ
QunQnoesT.
jbfTssT u/T/iffiffiLJ Gu frGpeJr.
jBfresT QeuQemuiTL-u QunQroeir.
j BTs ir i/(Tmj<96Li Cu / rG/ Ds i r.
rbfTUi inifs t l q.* STLiUl q- LJ Gu f f s ?
jBTLD (ru560ll).iS(g 6TLJUL)-
( ol as i ri i u ?
c5/6U(5 6T66T65r<SgJ6Bfr<S @f5j GiS
6U(2y ?
c9)Bij(rr) ujfr(5a(Ta ^fEjGa 61/(27(5 ?
6T6BTI5LL(OII_ 6^(5 usrD ^(f5a(S@I.
6T65r(fiLL(oli_ 6^(5 euemt^. âiSgl
sreirdslLLQi 6^(5 a/r/r @(5a@gi.
/Bfrsjr c9j6uQ65ra ff^BjâatJ
GufTG(D65T-
/SfBjaigrjLb êvQesTU Ufr/faa
su^yfEiaerr/T ?
^6u65r Gu/rLlii).uJG60 aeo^Bgj
QsiTehsTT 6i/(27S(JT.
cSôu c^!rLbu6)9{p(T6i/a@LJ G u a
6U(27.
Lesson 7S / 633
EXERCISES
g. F i l l i n t he bl anks u s ing t he cues given i n parent heses as in t he mod el given
bel ow.
Mod el : i l PCs o sTmQs Qassrriiiqfiytaiffi ?
( mid night )
fiQifir^îPuSGsO gTiiiGa QsemhLfnSiita 7
(i) @ < B QOTii)qG/D6BT. (rail way s t at ion)
( ii) fbth[D + <S(g 6U(2765r. ( u nivers it y)
( iii) <^6U6BT GuiTiLiq-uSGeo aeo^giQairehefr euinjesr.
( vol l ey bal l )
( iv) êveir u3Geo aeo^^QarrekeiT eiifnjarr. (mat ch)
( v) ^ 6l ( 6s r + csy euisgasr. (part icipat e)
( vi) p,itQe(T3,(^ (2ymi. (begin)
( vii) + lunijneis^ evtnjmiamn? (inau gu ral ft inct ion)
( viii) 6U(27(5. ( d is t rict col l ect or)
( ix) ^ s u ( 5 <s@(2y(5. (inau gu rat e)
(x) 6T6sr<^LL<o)i_ ^ ( ! 5 @S / . ( bicycl e)
( xi) sreirSiLQi â^Qeo. (money)
h. Wri t e t he word repres ent ed by t he formu l a.
Exampl e: <rjb;<Ks > ; b^ + Inf.
(i) ua(If) + Inf :
( ii) eair + I nf:
( iii) (o)frfrig5 .+ I nf:
( iv) sBisu + I nf:
(v) Qîjiiii^ + I nf:
( vi) uiq. + I nf:
( vii) GuiT + I nf:
( viii) 6T(5 + I nf:
( ix) euiniit^ + I nf:
(x) G l a s mi q + Inf :
i . Join each of these pairs of s impl e sentences int o a compl ex one as s hown i n
Mod el : jbirdr GunGnoeir.
/BTCJr cS/suQesrff s^fiûGueir.
fiiTsir c9ju<ol5r j <?(B<aiJ GunGpm.
(i) ^miatîh eurffiijoenir 7
^mimigrîb ^suQesru uiriruiSmia.
(ii) /BfTsJr 656aT6sfujfr(gLDfP<s@LJ GuirGpsir.
jbireir GuniLiq-uSGeo meOffi^Qsirihi^r^Qeueir.
(iii) /B/reir aesrssPujiTt^LCiiPAû GurrGroeir.
tbum îPGujiTîuih uiTiTLiGuesT.
(iv) ^6iJ(tf) îjihuGiSîTSnAi^ ev(ni}(iT).
cSJ6U(5 GugêunfTi^.
(v) (B(T6Jr 65)UD^(Teir^gi<a@iJ Gu / t CB/ d s bt .
;DT6ar <Sl6u(olirujfr(5Gsu6iJr.
(vi) Gu{rrr#(f'uj((5 eu/B^ff.
Gu!rfrrf'rPiiJ((5 uiriih Qffir&De&A QatrQuuir^r^.
j. Read the following questions.
(i) / BHTLD [Tui'eoiif.a 6TtJuiq.ij Gufra ?
(ii) (BJ 6Tgj6B(ra Gn;GL_6i^@y@tj CiJ/rfiyfB)* ? '
(iii) c9)su6sr ergiiaaira U(2y6sr ?
(iv) eruuiif-U LSeiririLuui^Lh Hf-AQsiL erQAa ?
(v) eTgi(r 6uG/D ?
Pick out the appropriate answers from the following sentences..
(i) ixeS^CQim i_65r eviTiii'S UÂQSLL eunmiaeoiTih.
(ii) fbirm êuQesTU uiriiAa euGpesr.
(iii) iB(76Jr STSST jBsaOTuOsirra ff^Bâau GujrGjDsar.
(iv) ^susir GuirLLiij-it^Gso asDiB^Glafrsfreir sut^yeir.
(v) JBITLD 6B)a<5<di6frG6V) Gu/r60iTLb.
Give your answers as follows.
Model: (i) (v) '
(ii) -
(iii)
(iv)
(V) -
k. Join the following according to the sandhi. rules.
(i) 60/B^(ol(r6rr(6i5 +^ : Gun + =3/:
Gl as Trt bq +ri: euirtii^ + ^ 9/ ;
, Ans wer these qu es t ions .
(i) a_fSJi9S JB6IIBTU(5 ^6BOT(ol6TOT<S@ 6inLD^([5@ WlflJIÎT ?
(ii) jfffBi aar(f5@M GLKTICT) O-iiiaQenA a=^j<sa5 uj(r(5 ( TUJ ' S O ^ - I B^
( iii) a_(Bj<ss miremeusiiss, Gs u Gpj u efrs i P aavL^ gj Gco /6i-<s@p3
emau u ^B^ /rt l iiJGu /rL.u j .u i' Geu aeo^^QanefrefTu
GurreuniiiserriT ?
Lesson 78 / 635
(iv) S-iiisSiLQiA emffsSeir ^â^îr
(v) a_mjffi iflfTsutlL îLfi^ ^QsOeu^r^ iu!i(rf) ?
(vi) a_fBJ mneiiiLi îLS^ ^Qeosu^ a_nsi
(vii) j^f5J6B !^(Qijn^^îi3Qso ^lii&inn îj9(pu LJiij.<B(g(iS''5isrra- ?
VO CABULARY
Gu ffi l u }.
ixineuCiih
Q^nimiSensii
' mid night ' iju3sou^ ' rail way s t at ion'
' a mal e pers on' onsuu^^niLith ' vol l ey bal l '
' mat ch'
' inau gu ral
fu nct ion'
' d is t rict '
' inau gu rat e'
' money'
aso/BgiSlffifrsTTiSij 't ake part '
Quffr ' d el iver l ect u re'
c^ t l i ' ^ ^ Q6 0 6 U( 5 ' d is t rict col l ect or'
s iDffaJs rr ' bicycl e'
GR AMMAR
19.78.189. Thi s Uni t in fou r lessons deal s wit h t he variou s uses of infinit ive.
As you know, l it t l e at t ent ion has been al ready paid t o it s format ion and cert ain
uses in t he earl ier l essons. However, a great deal of emphas is is pl aced on t he
variou s uses of infinit ive in t he s ubs equent l essons.
As we have' not ed al ready t he infinit ive is formed by ad d ing t hesuffix -î
t o t he verb s t ems . Exampl e:
ffjB^ + : <?^^
Qaireh + ^ : QatreirsrT
(Sun + c9j : QUITS
^ +d9( &T(5
More often t he infinit ive expresses t he meaning of ' pu rpos e' . Thi s may be
cal l ed ' pu rpos ive infinit ive' . Exampl e :
19. 78. 189. ibiTsh c9/6uG1ffljr# fffiâsu QunQrom.
cêusBT GufrLlir).iLfG60 seo^^Qsnehen evfirjesr.
lEiiisîh c^/ffuQsffru unifss eurffiijseniT ?
The pu rpos ive infinit ives s u ch as a^^^sa ' t o meet ', aeo^ g; Gla/rsfrsifr
' t o part icipat e' and uirnss ' t o meet /t o see' can be expanded as SF^^s^pgjA-
ans 'for t he purpos e of meet ing' , seo^^Qsirehi^rD^ssrrs 'for t he pu rpos e
of part icipat ing' and uiTifs(QiDÂsiTS 'for t he purpos e of meet ing/s eeing'
res pect ivel y as in t hefol l owing sentences.
fBfrsJr c9jsiiGl65T j ff(B^<i(g(Dgjnr(S5Lj QunQpeiv.
19.78.90. The infinit ive in Tami l is capabl e of forming a kind of compou nd
verb wit h anot her verb. Exampl e :
19. 78. 190. LDireuiLu. C ^ l L ^ j S j s Os os u Q^m^miSesisuasu
(l ufr(27(5.
GuTtlii)-(o1uj wnQeouSdeo îîhiS'Aau Gunrinijmis.
Q^nriîiiSesysuiau (SUIT and îjihiSsau (Sun are t he compou nd verbs in
w hi ch Q^niiiiSemenam and c^ !rt iL?6s a are infinit ives . Thi s verbal compo-
s it ion has got t he force of meaning ' going t o' as in Engl i s h.
19.78.191. The infinit ives are at t imes used as predicat es i n qu es t ion
sentences. Exampl e :
19. 78. 191. jhnin :;uS'eouÂi^ 6TtJuii}.u (Suns?
sTLJuti). L^sTrfrilLj/Tjrtb i^sQsiL erQAs ?
In s poken Tami l , these infinit ives are often repl aced by t heir corres pond ing
verbal nouns wit hou t any change in meaning. Exampl e : j bt l d ijuS'ecu^S)^
eruui^-u (Sunp^ ? ffruuuj. LSmniLuni;!!! Uf-sGsiL 6T(5@jDgJ ? et c.
Sand hi : (rui'uu)- (g -(- QsembLfQroeir ^ rra S eiDu^ s^ s Qasmhi-jGpesr
êuQiST + ff/BcS<5B êuQssrA ff/Bû ((SunGgjesT)
^ s u Qs ar +UT/faa ^ ^ eu Q es r u unnms (evrffiiiaenn) (Refer S.20 in 2. 17)
=/Bj<iS 4- GunGpeir ^s'^^ssu GunGpeir
^îhiSAa, + Gunarjmia ^ îfihiSiau Gunarjiiia (Refer S.29 in 15.56)
Q^nL-rsiSmsiiAsi- + Gu3^(nj(r^ ^G)^nL-miSensiiS=anl] Gus^(n}(!^
(Refer S.29 i n 15.56)
ei u u i q. +Guna eTu u u ).u Guns (Refer S.21 i n 3.20)
^ L - . ^ " + iS(S1uaj(5 ^ îl^jS jsClsusii (Refer S.4 i n 1.2)
UNIT 19
LESSON 79
HI RI N G A T A X I
DIALOGUE
iirA&i&AaiiTijeiT : S- A sn (Tf) iw a
' siviiiT---eTiiiGa Gu / r a -
ftGjjsi^ : Qutrihy,fr G u / ra ^ y t i i ....
G1ulLii}.<s G)^(ry?pff t -
pÂ&, 1
Is t axi avail abl e (for hire) ?
Pl eas e (get in and) be seated s ir-
Where d o you want t o go ?
(I) want t o go t o Perambu r. How
l ong w i l l it t ake t o reach t he Peram-
bu r coach fact ory ?
It w i l l t ake abou t an hou r, s ir.
How l ong w i l l it t ake t o ret u rn t o
Egmore rail way s t at ion from t here ?
It w i l l t ake abou t an hou r and a hal f
....To which d irect ion are you ( pl ann-
ing) t o go by t rain ?
(I) have t o go t o Tri chy by t he t rain
t hat goes via Cu d d al ore.
There is t hree and a hal f hou rs t ime
for t he depart u re of t hat t rain, s ir.
If you ret u rn wit hin an hou r from t he
coach fact ory you can come t o t he
rail way s t at ion in t ime- Can (you )
finish you r work wi t hi n one hou r ?
6T(tpLby,ff !rui'oir).<s@ 6U(r
i_/TdB6fl5'ffi/T!iSBr: SrLDnri epememQi;
STfB^LJ ussLD G u rr n)
ijuSedGeo ^liia Gutrau
Guanîijs ?
Gije^ : 6Bi_g2/rff 6uy?ujiTLJ Guirp
ijuSebGeo {5(5a=^@tJ
i_frsri5iaafr(rssr : (rui'sb Lfrou-
ineisaPG ibrrib
liim. (rtd'6i?(olutlii).<a
Q^tTL^pa^rrQeouS'Geo-
/ uS^rf)^^, epirf)inessPA-
@sfrG6ifr jSrsia <c5tiiL/(oB)
IfuS'eOU^.AÂ 6F lf> lU IT SST
G/Bjr^g/a evijeonLD ....
ep(iT) LD 6ss9 A ^ eh G sn
a _ mi GeuQeoQuj (ipirÂm
(LpiIÛ-lLDIT ?
ftGjrei^ : #( P, uiraiseoirih iS
LSILIQIJU GunL-Uurr-
DRILLS
19 . 7 9 . 19 2 . eT(Liihy)iT jrui'eo^.aig sup- ersi/susirsi/ Gîjih d?f,@Lb ?
rSiP)^ jruj'eb q(DLJi_iL_ ^657 gDLD (tpsssrGljr tcsosP
Gîjih ^ c5@g/.
irui'sbtoluilirj.^ (ol^n-(^/i)a=/rQ60(gu GufruJ#Gfftr
STsi/suerrsi/ Gibijih c^gtb ?
19 . 7 9 . 19 3 . sTsiisusTrsi^ Gîjih eT(LgiiDy,iT !rtLpU(i}.(g 6Urt3g/@
êjrgyii) erehsuerTei^ G/B^tb C9)(B^ (roi'sb
erai/si/errsiy GftijiD ijuSebQuiLis^:^ Q^n^psn-
Qeos>(9jU GuniLsA Ga-(it)VD^s,{3) ^(gjih ? ,
Al ri ght , let us s ee...You pu t on t he
met er.
Lesson 79 I 639
(i) jriiJefaQuLLu).^ Q^n^^pa^n-
(ol6U(gu GunujA CSffjr
STsi/euensi; G^Birii s^îh ?
eTsiieueneij Grbijih ?
(ol^ IT{j5'{D ff (T'ol6C(g
[TuJ'sbQuLLii}.
(ii) ijuSA) LfpuuL-
^sJrgj/LD fipsmrQif LDSSSP
G/BtfLD
(yj635TS1[r LDSuaP
^ s i rgu Lci
(i) jS su/r sTsiieusTTsi^ G/Btrii
eT(LpiLby,/f [rui'60r).(5(g euij
STsi/susirsi; Grbijih c^@ti ?
(ii) /if Ga=[r srci/suOTsi/ G/Biriii
GufTuJff Gffjr ersijGUOTSij
G/BiTii) ?
(oleoa^ GufTiuJ G^tr ereifsu
errsi/ Grbijih ^(îh 7
GuiTtua Gffij STsi/susrrsij Grbijih
^gii ?
. fiTsiisutfrrsi^- G[bijih <=^@Lb ?
Gffjr ersiisuerrei/ G/Birii) >::^Lb ?
Gu/rujj GffjT eTei/ffljerrsi^ G/Bîi)
CTsiisuerrcij G/Birii <:^@ti ?
{ruJ'fibGlLJLLq-^ (ol^(Ti^p<9=fr(olsoigLJ
GufTuJj Gffjf ersijsusrrei/ Gibijih
^@Lb ?
cS/iB^ jrui'st) L/jDLJui_ ^6Jrgj/L0
(LpestsrQij LdessP GrBriih @c 5* @^ "
Grb^LD ^ ( 5<s @gJ
(LpsirorQ? insiwP G/Birti ^ffi^/-
^sjrgyii) (jpessrQir tcsBsP Grbi;ih
qfDLJU(_ ^SBTgyii (tpsirartoliT LDS MP
Gibijfih ^ ( 5@gJ
irofai) Lj/DLJLJi_ ^sBTspLD (LpassrQi^
tDssiP Gfiijih @(5<s@gj.
^fi^ ffuSeb i_/fDLJui_ ^sJrgyLD
^srorQ/r insroP Grbtrih ^c5(Sgi.
jff supr ersijsuerrsij G^frii côti ?
6T(ipii)y,it iju3eiXrf.A^ euij
sTsi/si/srrsi/ G^rrtb ^@Lb ?
Gffir STsijgijsrrsi^ G(B(ni) ?
GufruJff Cyp: srsijsusrrs^ G/B/rti
^@Lb ?
;f iju3ebQuLLiq.^ (ol<S/ry9fD<f IT-
Gl6Ua(gLJ Gu/TuJj Gffjr ereuffumei^
G/Btrrb ^^(gLb ?
(i) Q : irrasn? si/f^^friJufr ?
(ii) Q: erdj euOTSi/G;B?îi !ûi'v)QLJLL^L^ Q^Tj ^/DffT(olso@u
A : a-LOff/r ep^rj maroP Qîjih c^^raa.
(iii) Q: 6T(ipiiy,7f (rui'suu).* sujr ersi/sustrsi^ G/Btrii =^@tri ?
A : SriDttfi epsmemQif iDsroPG/Btrixi cîgf5/<s.
(iv) Q : erJB^LJUiScSii) Guirp {riifsbCeo ^rii& C u / r u Gufr/iffSJa?
A : (_g2ff(t eufîuiT Gu/rp (Tu^stiGso ^(iÂÂû
(v) Q : sp^jicssif @ S-KfrGfirr 2_/EJ* C S I / QS O QU J 5pu).66
(tpq.(qLDfr ?
A : ff/P, ufTfrAffiSUirii).
(i) !ruJ'Oti).(S 6U( D^
cieijeusrrsiL/ G/B!rin d %@t i ?
verb accord ingl y.
Gu i r
L/fDUU
^ ( 5 i c q
( ii) i;u3eouf.A(^ euij s rs iiOTs y
G/B(rii) ^(ff)ih ?
verb accord ingl y.
q/DUU
GU I T
ijuS'eotq.AQ) 6uiDy<5@ sreiysufirrsv
G/BiTLD ^(gti) ?
[ruJ'60l).@LJ GuiTIDîS6(g
STsiisuSTTSij Grbijth ^îh ?
!Tui'6Dl4-OU l-/IDUU(5^gJ@
ersiisusTTSij G/BiTtb c^(gLb ?
sTsiisuSTrsi/ Qrb^LD ^(^LD ?
(rui'oii)-OiS i0Lbi_/pgja@
ersijsusTTGij G^Bfrii c^@(xi ?
[TuJ'stiij.a^ sujr ersiisiisTTSi/ Gririih
iTuj'6q.@u qn3uui_ ersiisusTTSi/
G/Btrii ^@Lb ?
rruJ?6Ur).ig QaffTTLbu sreiisveneii
GjblJLD ^@Lb ?
!ruJ'sOL).(gu Guira srsiisiisrrsiLy
Gjbljlh ^(S^LD ?
(iii) HD/T(f p(5iiwP Gjbijib
Substitute
jbirGeoaneb
(i) sreiisuerret^ Grtifih cS/gja
Ga'd^Gsueir.
ereustieTTeij Grbîb
eT(ipi)y,(t {rui'sDq.iS(g
su(5G6iJ6Br.
jtpeBirQjr inessP Grtifih
(ii) 6Tsij6i/6rr6i^ G/Bjrto ^ g j a
?
Gff(/5G6U6Jr.
ersijeusrreij GjBfrii) cS<gi<s@
c^ ^ t j b ?
ST(j|)Lby,(t !riL?6Uiq-<S|g
6U(5G6i/6ffr.
(tpsBJTGlir izessP Gjbiîh
5:9y;B^ [ruj'ei) l /( d ij u ii.
g. Trans format ion d ri l l
(i) Q^ff{^pff/TQ60(gLJ Gu ffu j ff
Gffjr 6^(5 l ds t oP G;B!ni> c^ @Lb.
Gjhijih ^'g)ih.
Lesson 79 / 64r
miDiTiT ttpesnrQijineissP G/B7m<^ @Lb.
anDiriT jBirGeoaBfTfib inssof G/Birt i
ftUiTT t5y(ff5Gff(ip6B/r6b LDemP
CTi/6i/6irsi^ G/Birt b Qîrffip-
a'nQeomû GuiriuA Gj ^ j ogiiiSBQ
^ @Lb ?
STsi/suerrs^ G^ j t l d 6T(ipiiiy,ri'
(ni5'sOi).<B^ 6U(r)^<@ ^ i r) ?
ft pawGl ir LDsinrP GjBjrtb C5/;b<s
sTsi/susTrsi^ G/ Bi ri i (olcB/ry?(D-
#ff(o)60a@L/ Gu fru j ff G<y(r ^ @Lb ?
STsiisusTTSiy G;B(rtr) eT(Lpii)y,fr
(ipiRrT(ol[r LDsroP Gftrjib <3i^p tjuSeo,
642,/ An Intensive Course in Tamil
s ot Qîxis s s f' Gj D7_u ) c^ j ^ i i ).' Gj Bt rii ?
EX ERaS ES
h. F i l l i n t he bl anks u s ing t he cues given i n parent heses as i n t he mod el given
.bel ow. : " ' '
Mod el : GsBrri^paîrQeoAû G u i ra s ^ m;
( rail way coach)
iruS'ebQuiiq.^ QjSfry?rr)ff/TQ60<B@u G u f f a ^ i i .
" (i) ................ ffiigu Gu f f a s ^ t i ) . (fact ory)
. ( ii) d5Lg2n-(f + r^Quirp iju9d>G66 Guirmîh. (via)
( iii) + STL) Gu TL- Uu rr. (met er)
i . Wri t e t he word repres ent ed by t he formu l a, i
Exampl e : 6 u i r Qun + Inf.
(i) G* (j 5 + I nf:
( ii) + Inf : ,
( iii) j ii3q + Ipf :. / , .
( iv) qp p .u +,Inf:' ,..; ,,. ,
( v ) ^ + I nf: ' ' ,
( vi) QfiUf. + Inf : . .
( vii) (3u /r(5- f- ' Ihf:- ...;.:..;...;...
^ ( viii) siAaiT(r^ + I nf:
j . Join each of t hese pairs of s impl e sent ences int o a compl ex one as s hown in
Mod el : cTsiisijsrrffli^ GiBirt c ?
' (ol ^fTj j Sj Dff/rGl soaoiJ Gu i ri u ff Gs f^ Gs u s s r. : '
eieiisuerTeij Grbijth Q^/ry?/D<sF(J(ol60<a@tJ CEUITUJS GiSFf^TDâ
c:^@u b.?
((o1^/ry5'(DffTio)6t)@tJ Gu fru j ff G<5F(5pg;<B|g ersijsusn- si/
G/Birii) %^ t rj ?) , , .
(i) eTGusuerreii Gîjih c%@t i ?
6T(ipii3y,/7 !ru5'6l3K).(S 6U(5G6USr. ^ '
(ii) (tpsrorOrr ins roPGîru ) ^ ^ S g / -
(Tu56b L/(DiJU(5ub.
( iii) sT^ ^ SI s j r ii6BBfGjB[^ti c9; gya6 | g^ ( 5@gl ? ^
Lesson 79 I 643
Mod el : sTSLisusirei/ Qîjih ,s\â!g)d ^ @Lb ? '
( i) ersijsxjsirsiy G ^ j ri i ?
, {ii) {y36B5r61[r u ieiniPG^û )
( iii) eTj S^Qs s r ineBfff G^rfih c9<gi<s@ @(5<s @gj ? '
k. Frame t en sentences from t he t abl e given bel ow.
' Exampl e : jffmiisB l ; ( Bu l j i _ st si/si/ert si^ Gi Bj t b c%@t b ?
@4-
' sTsijeusTTsiy Gj Bj rii
.9=(riJL5'(5
1. Join t he fol l owing accord ing t o t he s and hi ru l es .
( i) .^ ffl wr^ z + cS/Qir : ' ( ii) GiBirt c +a_i g
-t: cSjGl? : . u a a i i + a_<96(g :
m. Ans wer these qu es t ions .,
( i) jSiiis a^mia aaf( 5( gu GUnuija^ GtFjr sreusuenei^ G/B!Ttb
( ii) s j S(BJ CTj6<4 aarc5 cuyj uj fr aarf i j a^ u Gi_irr6i?(Bja ?
( iii) pfl3(rfoi_sbGfiOiii'(5^gj ^ s irs foiq.iij .yj j L- Oa eutr ffi- iEiatSTja^
- sT<s<s(o)s!rr uoeroP GfBj rii ?
( i v) jru5'fii)ic)-UJ'G60uJ'(5^gl SL-iiia .^j ririDj Zgia i_Tftrf'uJ'G60 Gu nr*
sTjSisClsur LD6roPG;B!rti ?
( v) ^ mi (Sl u 7t by,frGs o jriiiieb Gl u il t q- j S Q^fry?(D=irQsoGlujLi
VOCABULARY
L.(ras n9 ' t axi car' j ru iis bCl Liil i^ . ' rail way coach'
QjSiryS'fbJTQeo ' fact ory' suyS"^ ' via'
i ^ L- L- i r ' met er' t_rr<BSr(?ffifrtr6Jr ' t axi d river'
644 I An Intensive Comse in Tamil
GRAMMAR
19.79.192. Infinit ives s u ch as 6i/(r ' t o come' , Lfnouut ' t o s t art ' and CSa=ij
' t o reach' are t he ad verbial modifiers of t ime. See t he fol l owing exampl es .
19 . 7 9 . 192. ffT(tpii)y,ff ijuSeoii^s:^ einf ers iis u crrs ^ Q^tjth ^@ih?
r^ffi^ i;a3A> L/puut ^ s ai gULo (ipemQij LDSBTP
!7uJ'6i)(o)LJL.ii).^ QfiiT^p<fiTQ60Aû GuHvijAGsî;
eTAieiietT6i[ Gîjih ^ @ t ) ?
19.79.193. Thi s use of infinit ive is mos t l y expressed by t he verbal nouns as
i n t he fol l owing exampl es .
19 . 7 9 . 193. sTsijffusrrsi/ G;B!rt c 6T(jpiDy,(f [ruj'sOKj- Aig eu f ogj a^
^ ( g t i ?
^SBTgULO ffTSijSUOTfil/ Gfi!JUi c9//B^ (Tui'siJ
ersi/susTTsij GiBj rt o (ruJ'sijSlLJLLu)- ^ Qîr^p
Al t hou gh t he word ord er of t hese sent ences is t o be fol l owed as ind icat ed i n
(19.79.193) t hey are normal l y s poken as & T(iptiy,ff j nii' s Oiq- A^ euna^jA^
sTsi/oiiSTrsi/ Gibrrdb îîh ?, fraSebQuCui.^ Q^/Ty?/D#/r(o)so(gu GuntuA
G(ff( 5p3gi@ STfii/suerrsi/ Gnaijih ^ ^ t h ? et c.
Sand hi : jruJ'sbQuLlii)- + Q^fry?fD<3=/r(ol6i3a(g ^ [ruJ'stiGluLLtij- jS Q^/r{^/D-
sTrjiS + u<sLb >6T/B^LJUiS6a5ii (Refer S.4 in 1.2)
Guniu +G<s =(5pg;(g ^GuntuA Ga=( 5rr)g/(g (Refer S.32 in 17.69)
C u r r a + Guir^mim -^Gurrau Guirrffiiis (Refer S.29 in 15.56)
jSoff-^** + G u ( T ^ t r ) > ^ffrfia^LJ Gur r a^ LD
j j u i' eou j .a + arPuj Tssr ^prui's onj - a* j ifiu /rem- ( Gj Bi Ti S^ a sujrs'J'rLc)
UNIT 19
LESSON 80
AP P O I N TI N G A S E R V A N T M A I D
DIALOGUE
. SBLDSOfr : 2_6!ir@ ei^^ ssiriihwir ?
(5su(olso/T(P : 6T6!n"(gL/ LisTrsTrjS-
îT Siâmiiiai .... fiuiusb
GsuQso Q 3= lu UJ eij ih
e)SiL($Gi-uQeo Glffujujsi/Lb
676ffr(g^ Q 65 fP 11^ fE/66.
tS6L06t)nr : erasrAi^ n? l L C2 s u Q so
Gl ffuJiu^^freBT p jS j 5
Gu ^ i ; l d ... ;f (olffuj-
GfDttJT ?
Csii(o)tt)(S6(T/P : # fP (5i cS.... ST s ir sBT
STsirssr GsuOsoGlujsbsu/fLb
Wh i ch pl ace d o you bel ong t o ?
I bel ong t o Pal l at hu r vil l age- ..- ! know
field work as wel l as domes t ic work.
I need a woman t o do t he d omes t ic
work onl y- .- Wi l l you d o it ?
Al ri ght , mad amWhat al l works
s hou l d (.1) do, mad am ?
OLDeoiT : sirQeoaS'Qeo êssf gjGlsuffi
aeijih Gs i/î/LD. ij L/ -
Sr^îh (o) # UJ UJ ^ ih .
^(ûi-fGec G) (T^ u
dfi iL iq. Q 6U ^ jS (IT)
GuiTLêmh Q s u sirr /r 61?
smeuAsexjib Gsuîih-.-.
^ / B ^ GeuQeoQujebeorrih
sirQeouSGeo ep th u ^
s- n UJ m &n eo ih fiir^
GeuGeoA&niP : ffiP, s i i Gj j i s j a.
mineoiT : (g)tq.uS'(!T,As^. G ^ t l 1 l _ ^ -
gj Gl s u ^ 65T err
@UJ.<oli?IL/li) <9= <ol to iS5
unA,^!j(ipih a_6!ir(g*
(o)(T(pa(gG/D6iir. ..^ g/<( g
GixiGs u u ^ ^ u /T u J
Gn36ih-....<9=/iuDîjOff ?
CsijQsoadS/T/P : ff(i)ix)^ni/a....suii5'gjf
^ fiffTSSTff G a rr ^ ih
(g)isf-AsA Q (I (g5 # l i)
tSosiiTssirf ijb Gl as fr* -
nffriiaenmhLDiT ?
mmeOiT ; * (P. ^ .... Gl (t susr
s u Gps Jr.
DRILLS
a. Variat ion d ril l
In t he morning (you ) s hou l d was h
cl ot hes and cl ean vessels. Aft erward s
( you ) s hou l d s weep and cl ean t he
hous e. You s hou l d al s o keep fire
oven, boil wat er and prepare wat er
for bat h.(You ) s hou l d finish al l
these works wit hin nine o' cl ock and
come back (for work) at four o' cl ock
i n t he eveningCan (you ) d o it ?
O. K., (I) w i l l come mad am.
(I) w i l l give you a s mal l hu t in t he
garden to l ive in and a few al u miniu m
vessels for cooking. Over and above
t his , (I) w i l l al so give you t en rupees
as wages- Do you agree ?
(I) agree, madam(I) feel hu ngry
mad am...- Wil l (you ) give (me) s ome
rice t o eat and s ome wat er t o d rink ?
0 :K. St ay here(I) w i l l brirt g.
19. 80. 194. erssrA'^ suujdiGeijQeo QaûjuJetiih e^CQGevGea
QauJujsijLh QîPu-iih.
xrrQeotiS'Geo gjesjiP ^QsuA&eij'ih un^îjih
Lesson SO / 647
(o)fB(5iJq ftpLLu). Qsu/B/ff(5 QurrLSijili Qi'umrreiS'
19. 80. 195. @i4.iL?(5<5^ G^ / TLl L- ^ g i Ga ^ s p #6i5Te3T @ii).GlffiL/Lb
ff(olLD65 (ola/TjgffLD c9/PJIi5'65fUJU UnS>^!)Ofitjj
^SSTGSTA QaîT^Lh (gL)-a5 GlafftgjffLC êairrs rofîL
(i) 6Ts ir@ s uuj s bGs iiQfiD
(olffUJliJSl/LD fl?Ll(S'G6U(olfiU
QaujtueijLb Q^fPiL/LD.
Gs uQfiD QffuJujsi^Lb
6VliJ6bG6V/(o)60 QffUJUJSl^lil
( ii) t ^s s rs w* Gffirguixi @ir).as
(oldsrri^ffLb ^6!rar6ssf(5Lb
(o)/r(5'@J!?'EJ<g5TrTLbtDfr ?
(olT@3fmiasffrrfni)LDfr ?
^suirrsrof t b
GfffrgyLD
5w6aT
c. Expans ion d ril l
(i) uu^îjiiiêoaaeqih
Geu @iiLb.
6T65r(g euUJSbGsuQsO QcFlUlL/Sl/LD
ffiS'tl^GsuGlsD (olffuJiusi/LD (ol ^/Piqii).
GeuQeo Q#uJuj s i/Lb (ol ^ rP i qi i
SISLLQ GsuQeo Gl * u Ju j s i/Lb
s Diij ebGs uGl s o Gl ffuJuj s i/ii s i Ti l -
Gs u Qs o GlffiiJujsi^ti) Q^fPu îi
sT6OT(S<g euiuA/GevQsD QauLmjeijih
si^L-QGeuQeo Qaîutueiîh QfîPuîh.
^657657 j GffirgULD @[l)-i5a5<
61<36fr(g#Lb ^siiifT6iwf (jii) OanQa^-
nîhiasfTiTibwrT ?
Oa!i(QA(^rSiiiasrTmhLD!T ?
errmhwrr ?
Qaniâih ^QwrsirafcjLb QairQAi^-
rffiuisînbLCin ?
QfffTgyii g,U).aa QarTjsja-LC
(STffriiiDJT ?
j^ssrsffT j Qanîh @U).<sasffi
Q(T(ga=ii) ^-iniT69sf(5Lb Q a n ^ ^ -
-TjSiiiaieiTinhintT ?
j 5 unsi^tjth gj60<sBSi/ti) Ge u^ i L.
/
648 I A n Intensive Comse in Tamil
( ii) / f QeuerrneS smsi/ffiasi/iri
Qffl j ^j f Gu /ri_s i/[i) Qenîih
( iii) ^nrffijr (o)iT(5(gGn36BT.
QmiTQA(^QpesT
Qpsir
d. Qu es t ion- Ans wer d ri l l
(i) Q :
A :
( i.) Q :
A :
( iii) Q :
A :
(i) 6T6B7a@ stiiuebQiuQeo
verb accord ingl y.
(oleusrr ffsi? syiou
lE Qeu6niTe)9 swsi/aassi/Lb Gs u^ ui i ) -
;f (o1su;b;S(5 Gi_/<n_6ijLb Glsuerr/Tsi?
jbireir QairQAigiCSpeir.
fbireir ^^gyLîfioPu j u un^îjQpih
(o)ffin'(5@G(D6iT.
un^^<j(ipih (o1a5/r(S'(SGp36BT.
{BtSBT 6^(5 <#S5rrr @ir).(o)c?iL/Lb
#(oluD*65 ^g2jL6'6!rf'ujLJ U!r^^lJ(ipih
QairQst^Qpsir.
rbneir G^ / t l I l - C S ^ Gs o s p ^sirsBT*
@ii).(olffiqii) ff(o)u) ^îBesPuJU
urT^îj(ipih Qan(Â(^(Speir.
rbireir QLj-iif^cSds^ G^/ ri l t ^gi j Geo
^îBesPtuu Lj/r^^fT(tptb Gl a / r *-
(gGjQfiir.
Q^fPiqij b.
ST65T<i@ 61?lL(5G61/(o160 (olffUJUJ^
Q^fPiqii).
s TSij ra^ Qib(rfjLJi-i (tpC-L-^ QîPiLfih.
Q^fPl L/LD.
6T(,-jr@ QoUsrrfTci? smsuaa^
a_oUr<S(g er/B^ aar[rLDix>fr ?
6T6r@ sifLL^GeuQso QffuJuj^îTSffr sp(5^j5 Gsuî/ii)
-/f GlffuJGfDUjfr ?
a=rPmj<35.
C9/^6b@Gl oG60 UÎQUIT a=musrr(ipti Q(r(S'a@G(D6iir
....fftiiijûa/r ?
aibLD^riia-
Lesson 80 / 649
un^^tjih gjsoa(a5 erms^û uir^îjih ^ s oaas j s
(oljS/PtL/LD.
( iii) /BTSJr @i4.Q<y QsirQAfgfGpm. rbtresr (QU^Qa= Q(T(5ffi(gGn36ir.
Su bs t it u t e
GffTgy ;5/T6ST Gffftp (oliSB/T(9<a(gGfosr.
a=tiu6Trii /BTCJr ffiiusjTth (ol6B(r<S(gG{D6Jr.
I
(i) ffT6Sr'g^ (ol ^rPl L/LD. 6T6!rr(B(g 61?LL(5G61|(o)60 (olffUJUJ^
^frs j r eiyLL^ Gs u Qeu Gl ffiu - O ^ / P i l / l d .
Geueir.
( ii) 6T6ifrcs@^ O^ / P i L/ u b. s t s ot iSB^ suuJsbGeiifolso Qffi u u j ^
GlffuJGeueJr.
( iii) eT6iir<i(g^ Q^fPu_/LD. eT6sr<a@iJ un^^jih g/s u aas ^
jBfrsJr uir^îjih gj eu a^ Geu s i r. Gl ^fPt L/t ii.
( iv) /BfTsir ig^.(ol(9= (ot<95(T@(gG/D6iJr. /s/tsbt G^frLli^g/Gso ( gi i )- u i ' (5
;S G^ / 7Ll i _^ gj G6 0 (gii).(olff Q<sB/T(gG/D6sr.
(gu j .u i' ffgiJGu .
EXERCISES
g. F i l l in t he bl anks u s ing t he cues given in parent heses as i n t he mod el given
bel ow.
Mod el : ffT6sr<S(g Qaîuiu^ QfiiPiLfih. (fiel d work)
ffT6ffr6B@ einuscQeuQso Qaîuiu^ QîPu-jih.
(i) s765riS(g SJSLLQGGIJQSO Qaujiu Gs u ^ yu b.
(a femal e servant)
( ii) anQecuSGeo (was h t he cl ot hes )
( iii) AirQecuSGeo +^îiLb. (cl ean t he vessels)
( iv) e^CQiU + c9(@)iU). (sweep)
(v) + ^ ^ i L . (prepare hot wat er)
( vi) rbireir sp #65T6OT<5 (o)a5f7(5<s@CfD6ffT. (hu t )
( vii) u <s ^ Lj /riiJ Q* ff@G/DaJr. (wage's)
h. Wri t e t he word repres ent ed by t he formu l a. ^
Exampl e : G u / ri _ QunQ + Inf.
(i) Qffu j + I nf:
( ii) Q^ fP + Inf :
( iii) gJQeu + I nf:
( iv) gj s o + Inf :
(v) Clu(5<5B(g5 + I nf:
( vi) 5pt l + I nf:
( vii) Qeusrrneii + I nf:
( viii) ffQiD + I nf:
( ix) Gl a/r + I nf:
(x) Q)Uf.uS'(!T) + I nf:
i . Join each of t hese pairs of s impl e sentences int o a compl ex one as s hown i n
Mod el : sresrA^^ QîPuîb.
rtneir euajeoGsuQeo QavuGeussr.
srmAig, suojsbGffljfoleo S l ffi u i u ^ (olîPu- zto.
(i) si&srA^^ Qîfuîh.
/BissT eiStLQGeijQeo QaujGeveir.
(ii) ST65r@^ Q^ r P i qi i .
IBIT6ST gjeSsP gjSlsUuCcLJSST.
( iii) eT6ij ra@^ O ^ / P t qi i .
IbtresT uiT^îfih êoArgfGevm.
( iv) ST6STA(^^ Qîfuîh.
(v) erssjAf^^ Qîfuîh.
j6iT6sr QeufijE^n) Qsvsn.rroS' emevuGusii.
( vi) (SITSBr 6p(5 (514.(0)3= (o)(T(9|gG{D65r.
( vii) (BTSffr ,^@2;t^sPiiJiJ uiT^î;rih QaiT(SA(g)Gpeir.
^ aQiDuGu.
Mod el : ffrffltr(g^ Q^ fP i qi i i .
eiffiLQGeuGeD QffujGsuesr.
fbiieisT evuj&ênQeo Qs^tuGevesr.
6765ri5@ e)^LLQGsuQeo Qa'tuujeijth svujebGeuQso
Lesson 80 I 651
(i) eT6ffr(g^ Q^fPiqu D.
( ii) eTS5r<5@^ Q^fPu_/ir).
/fiTsij" (o)/Bc!5L/i-/ (tpLL(5Gsii65r.
rBTSBT (oleu/B/S Gu/r^GsusBT.
( iii) {BITGWQffliJGcUSBT.
ibnesr Qsuenire^ sweuuGueir.
( iv) piiresT QffuJGsuew.
^/i65r GffjTgy a=QmLJGi-/6Jr.
(Brrsir Gleii/B/ff Gufr^Gsusir.
(v) sTSffra^ Qîfiqih.
jbiisir Gang}! ffGlLouGusir.
(Birssr êsrgyGsLieJr.
( vi) 6TS5Ti5(gja (ol^fPlI^LD.
îTsir unQG&s&sT.
/BTsJr ::^(SiG6U6Jr.
( vii) a_(EJ(ST5@^ (o)^/fllL/t)(T ?
j . Read t he fol l owing qu es t ions .
(i) a_65r( g ermm Qaiuiu^ Q^îmb ?
( ii) SeinA(Q ereiresT GeuQsoQuj&Jeonih QîPiLjih ?
( iii) fimia erma^ ereirssT QanQA^rffiiia ?
( iv) j f iB(rgjju36roPig^ ^ Lbu s i/t i) eu i r^ i i , (ipn.iqLDjr ?
(v) STgJ<S6@ ^QuLfGeO (ol^(5tJl_/ (tpLLl^J/LO ?
( vi) /BfTsir STgjffiig^ ^LDueiîii cujrÛLD ?
P ick ou t t he appropriat e answers from t he fol l owing sentences.
(i) QeufijSij^ Gu(Ti_ îQui^Geo Qrb(rûi-i (tpili^jiLb.
( ii) t^fP. eu Gnj fs j a.
( iii) 6T6OT@ suujQDGeuQeo Qaiuiu^ GlîPiLjih.
( iv) ^/ rsir ^^.uS'aÂs lip ^ffjrsarffi (g/i).(o)<y a _ 6 5 r @ ^ ^Gpesr.
( v) eT6BTig<s gjaraf gjtolsuaasi/ii un^îjih gjeoaasi^tb Gl^fPiqii.
( vi) ; J GeuQeoQaubiu^ ^(iîhueijih eu t r^ t i .
Gi ve your answers as fol l ows .
Mod el : (i) ( iii)
( ii)
632 ( An Intensive Course in Tamil
(iii) -
,(iv) -
(V)
( vi) -
k. Frame t wel ve sent ences from t he t abl e given bel ow.
Exampl e : a_6sr(6B)G)6D unieijth ri,iq.A6îh (y3tif.U-/tiT ?
UfTQ
a_i5T Qurr euiT (tpUf-U^LDIT ?
S7gj; 6TrDfEJ@
I. Join t he fol l owing accord ing t o t he s and hi rul es .
(i) Gl ffuJuj + a_t ii : .
(ii) 61? + ST :
(iii) un^^rrw +'er :
m. Ans wer these qu es t ions .
(i) a_/Bjaigi5dB@ sTj B^ 2 sr(5 ?
(ii) a_mi<s B(g5ig^ îB^pu uuÂaeijih ^(ipêmh QîPiLfinn ?
(iii) s_(iiaeTTiTQeo^ îBy^Qeo umeijih ri,tn.aaetfih (tpisîLimrr 7
(iv) (SB/rQsDiiJ'GeD g/siwP ^QsvAaîb urr^^îh- êoaaeijih Siiia
(v) /fiBj a airQeouSGeo Qevfi^(ff)Q60 (êiPuiSmiaenn, êm6ss?([i)CSeo
(vi) jSiiia LD^îuiresTih S'ITULS'IL($^ ^(rffLbusijih 6u@LJL/(g
(vii) /T(ol60iL?Cc6U iif.ueii ffmJL9i_e)L/Lb u s fr6TPi.i_^ja@LJ
i_/(DiJu( _6i/iii a_fEja5isi5(S@ ejeiisiieirei] Qfiifih c^@ii ?
(viii) p,iTi> sT6t)60/r(5*(gLb @ti).(i5'(5ffi s p ed(Sih <?/rtJL?i_ Gl/Bsb
V O C A B U L A R Y
' vil l age' 6uuj6bGGu(o!st) ' fiel d work'
' homework' 6pc!5^^ 'a femal e pers on'
' cl ot hes ' gj6B3f ^ Gl eu ' was h, as cl ot hes '
' ves s el ' un^îjih gj60iS(g ' cl ean t he ves s el s '
' s weep' ffr^^[h Qaôj ' cl ean'
'fire' Qj Bcfj L/q ( t pil 'keep fire oven'
Lesson 80 / 653
' hot wat er' 'prepare hot
wat er'
QsiJe^^6^ ' prepare hot ' l ive'
wat er for bat h'
' hu t '
cSygJjtflsijPuju
' al u miniu m
ves s el s '
a=\huetT{h 'wages ' ' agreement '
'eat '
GR AMMAR
19.50.194. The conj u nct ive part icl e - s L- t i) is added t o infinit ive t o express
variou s act ions in sequence. Exampl e :
19. SO. 194. srm&fgf suiusbCSeuGlso Gl ffuJuj s ij iL ei fi l ^ Gs u Gl eo
Qaiuiusmh QîPiLjih.
arrQeouSGeo g/smrP gj Os u aas ij Lb u ( r^ ^ ( rLb
(oljB(5tJL/ t yj il ir). Glsu/Bjff Gu rrt - aiyu ) Qs u s mrci?
cneudBiSC^LD Geu^)iih.
19.80.195. Li ke nou ns , t he infinit ives in Tami l can al s o have t he fu nct ion
of mod ifier.
@ir).<s<aB^ êmremf(T^Lb
Not e t hat t he infinit ives s u ch as @II).IL?([56S, ffQinaa, êsresr and îif.A&
have t he fu nct ion of modifier in t l ie above coiis t it u ent s . Exampl e :
19. SO. 195. (îif.u3(rf)As^ GîrLLi^^Geo ep SmesrA
iû^QaiLjih aQinAaA Qa>iTiQ)aih ^^L&GSPUJLJ
uiT^îj(tptb (olrrigGrD63r.
êirresrA Gairgjth ûÂaA Q&iTiâih êmessfciTfih
QairQA^rffmiaeniTihimT 7
Sand hi : ^masr + Ganîh ^ ^QsrenrA Garrîh
^{lÂs + jS65W6Sf ( i ^t q-i Sa^ ^6!roT6Iiaftl
(Refer S.29 i n 15.56)
GlffuJuj + E_i> Qaiuiuei\\h
^QeuAs + S-ib ^ ^QeuAasijib
gj s oaa + s _t i ^gj s oaas ij ij b (Refer S.9 in 1.7)
Q&ujGro + ^ >(o)<f uJG/DUJT
GeiiQeo + er&Deoirth ^ GsuQeoQi uebeoni h (Refer S.8 in 1.5)
(euijîh. (Refer S.18 in 2.14)
Qu(rf,aiS + aVjSîxi ^ Q u ^ a . ^ * ffr^îh (Qaiuuj^jih.
(Refer S,31 in 17.68)
{tpiif- ff* + a=(iuj(Bjfroixi ^QfisâffrA anujfii&neoih. (ojij^nih.
(Refer S.33 in 17.70)
(Refer S.2 in 1.1)
(Refer S.4 in 1.2)
UNIT 19
LESSON 81
T HE M Y S O R E Z O O
DIALOGUE
s wLD^Cj CeD p(5 Gl u /Piij
iB(if,as, aniLS a IT G) eo
sp L- t_ a'lh, @ (T mj (g
eTsbso/TLb ^ ( j a ^ / - s p
iigiisiâ(g!rmj(gt) ^ a -
( ggj . ai-eaOTâ^s frGs TT
c9)gj Gaiup as o/TL-L- fr-
(olsiL/LJ u /Tffaau u /T/faa
/B in a (g Gs u irj - aQau j /r
^ (5 a (g ub. a^6OTT(5a@
(ipffiJTigjGsO <9h- l l L. Lb
G ff [T ff G * jr
Do you know ? There is a big zoo in
Mys ore. Tiger, bear, hon, el ephant ,
camel and monkey are al l t here.
There is al s o a chimpanzee. It is
very funny t o l ook at t he chimpanzee
d oing it s t ricks ins id e t he cage. As -
t he crowd in front of t he cage gat hers
t he chimpanzee becomes very happy.
Ou t s id e t he t iger cage we can see
four t iger cubs . If t he s mal l chi l d -
ren go t hat s ide t hey come t o pl ay
( wit h t hem). Seeing t he t iger cu bs
chil d ren w i l i ru n away in fear. The
t iger cu bs al s o fol l ow t hem as l ong
<5/g/<i@ QiTfribu c ^ 6 5 T / B -
vWT( 5a( g O eu s TP Gu j
urnraseoiTib. S esr esr A
@(p;B<o)^fS; cS< / B "S u -
GuirjSB) s _i_(?s5T
<;9/gi QeuQeniurru. euaîh.
( g ( p ( B( o l ^ ( 5 / Lf e& a
fgflLtl^QujLJ U IT IT ^ ^ u
UUJUULLQ IP (5 6U T (EJ ,
cSicunsjffi | pi _ | p i _u L/s i?*
^tLuf-U-iih LS'ekt^QeoQuj
6 T O LD^ ( 5 t Z' ^ a a aiTu.fi
airQeos^ 7 ^-
iSiQsiJ Guir&sbiTih.^mis
en t n ^ ^ a ^ u QuniQ)A
a^ i rj - LJu T ^ ; B < S u Pffj aa
a IT L L i# a / r Q 6 0 a @u
Gu rrma .
as t he chil d ren ru n. In order t o
enjoy j u s t t his scene one can go t o
t he Mys ore zoo t hou s and t imes . I f
you go t o Mys ore make it a point t o
go t o t his zoo.
DRILLS
19. 81. 196.
j Bma@ ^Qû u ffffaau u / ri faa Gs iiu j - aQaoj ir
aîLiib Gaj ra G<f jr ^ g / a c^ssriBj SLD/r ^ a ^ i x ) .
rBtsuiiiai ^1tj L/eiS' agt l t if.u ^Lb Lys Jrt gj Gs oGu j
(i) /BtD(g c^ Gl ^ LJ u nr/faau
Lj fTTaa Geuii).a(ol auj /r
^ ( 5a @[ i
Geu ii).aQiu T
u i TTa a u u iTfraa
j Bina
/BU)a@ c ^ Q ^ u uiTifaau u /r/faa
Gcu nf- aGl au j ir ^ a ^ i b .
@( 5a@ii)
Gbuii).a(ol auj /r ^ a ^ t b
u j TifaaLJ u /rfraa Gsunf- atolaujfr
^ ( 5a @i i )
c9/(o)jSLi u i r/ raai j u/r/faa Geu i ^ - a-
Gl aiu /r ^ a ^ i i i
/BUJa ,;:9y(oljSLi u/rifaau u/r/faa
G6v/U).(olauj/r ^(/ja^ t b.
( ii) / BLoa^ G6iji).<B(o)a5Uj(r
Qaîuff) asomLiirQeuu
d. Su bs t it u t ion d ri l l
(i) cS / Q^ l J U(T/rt J LJT/r<B<95
verb accord ingl y.
(ol*/r6bg2;
Gu /T
Lesson 81 / (J57
LS'eJriSBjGeoGuj p u ) .
P U )
LS'65rig)G6oGuj fp i i
L/e6'(a@Llis).(L/ii) L?6ffr(6BjG6CiGuj
fpii)
L^ es Ti^ GeoGu j spijb
LfsiJTts^GeoGuj @ t r).
^ LD@iJ ufTfiaffi Geimj-isOiSBUJiT
Qsîup aeomLiirQeuu
t S / Q^ LJ u rrfraau u ffi raa
Gijir).<s(oluj/r @( 5@LQ.
^(ol <s gjL-t ^ L L L . GeuuÂQatuiT
cSfGI^LJ Uq.i5<sBU uirj- aas Qeui^-A-
Gj ir).a(o1uj T ^ ( 5( gi r).
Gu fTiu G L J ( T I _ Geu iT)- * -
e. Int egrat ion d ri l l
(i) jbULD 6JDLo^<5@u (SuiTaeomb.
(ii) (gjpfB(ol^f5ja eu^rêuirmia.
urriiuuiTima.
( iii) i-ie&A(îLu^ LPs ffn^Gs oGu j
f. Trans format ion d ril l
(i) cSjCl^LJurr/rffia Geuirj-abGlasiunr
c9/6UfE/ <:S>/gJ61^1) ptb.
dWsu'E/a SlsuGlsTrtuffL-
dWgja =^65r/B^tc/T
Gu fraeofrt i).
@jp^G1^fBia i_/6i5'a(gLlii).(olujiJ
u/Tfraa suêuirrBja.
qsiS'aoLLL). ^suiiis ^ i U
L?65r(g)G6oGuj pLb.
,:9/(olû Lj/riraau u/rifaa Geut/j-a-
Glaujfr âigLD.
ai.LLt_u) Gajra Gajr c9)gjaig
<:^6irr/B^tifr ^ a ^ i i .
^6uns/a |pi_ c^/gjeijii @Lb.
s^sufHja (olsuGlsrruj/rt(O1SIJ(O16TTULJTL_
EXERCISES
g. F i l l in t he bl anks u s ing t he cues given i n parent heses as i n t he mod el given
bel ow.
Mod el : s j niD^ d j Qs o ^(3^&S>- (zoo)
(i) ^f B/ Ga (tiger)
(ii) ^/BjGa îc!5@g'- (bear)
(iii) cS/wGa ^CS-SSS^' (lion)
(iv) ^nsjGa ^ a ^ g j . (elephant)
(v) ^liiGa ^(5 (SS' - (camel)
(vi) ^(BiGa ^(75a(ggj. (monkey)
(vii) a@ (ip65r(6ff)Gs ,.LLi_Lb G#(5U). (cr.ge)
(viii) @(pfB(o)gn5ja suirrBja. (be afraid of)
(ix) ri9)SU/BJa sutrmja. (run)
(x) .....aa 6!nuDâ(giJ GuiraeOfrti. (enjoy)
(xi) uSiâaiTLL^ a/rQeoa îGlsu Gu/raeofrii.
(t hou s and)
Lesson 87 / 659
Wri t e t he word repres ent ed by t he formu l a.
Exampl e : Qaj Gff + Inf.
(i) QsuGleiroj/r + I nf:
(ii) @ + :
( iii) j r# + I nf:
( iv) u u j u u + I nf:
(v) ^/BJ@ + Inf.:
( vi) ejg)i + I nf: ,
( vii) +. I nf:
( viii) urrQ + I nf:
Join each of t hese pairs of s impl e sentences int o a compl ex one as s hown in
Mod el : jBiDiS G6Uix).(o1<3BUj/r ^ a ^ i i i .
^fru).^Q<SU uT(rijGu/ ri i .
fBina ^ Gl ^ u u/rfr Geui^.AQ&ujn ^ a o i i .
(i) JPiBGIfSfsjis su((5su(rmj.
@{p;B(o)^/Eia5 qffl5'@LLti).(oluJiJ U(TTuu( r(Ej.
(ii) L/fflS'.sigLLtq- LpeJTigjGfioGuj ^") .
c9jeiiiGj<5B ipS'si/'rmjdG.
(iii) sij(5ii).
GlsuQeirriLKr^tr).
(iv) (gy)^Q^mJ<95 6li(56Ufr(BJ65.
(gJp;B(ol^/EJ L/66'(gLLil).(o)liJtJ U/TTLJU/r/BJ.
(v) jBTUi 5)LD((5@LJ Gu/raeo/rii).
Mod el : /BtDa Gs u u f- aOau j ff @ i S( gi i ).
^Ttn ^Qû uniTuGuiTiii.
/Bi)(g c^/QjSu u( r/ fau uirHaa GojuÂQeuuir
(i) L/6i9a@LLii)- iS^t^GeoGtu ^ t b .
<:S)(61J(BJ @)SLI/Tmj.
^sufBJtSB IP SUIT was.
(ii) ^ g / a c%6!IT/6Û)/7 @(5<B@LD.
Sh-lllLb Ga(!T)lh.
>.LLL_Lb G<F(j5Lb.
(iii) @y)j5(o1<sn5j(6T5@ d^t^^TiB^t^f ^ a o^b .
t^6um/6B (o)6u(ol6rrujfT6un'nij.
t^su/Ejas Q6u(ol6rruj(r6ijfTfEj.
j . Frame five sentences from t he t abl e given bel ow.
Exampl e : ( gj p/BC^ fBiat s t j s ^ ^ G l ^ u u i rffaau u nr/r
UIT
k. Ans wer these qu es t ions .
(i) a_n5j asj Tfj Gso u 9( 5 mnCS a^nQeo @c!5* @^ f '
( ii) a_(BJrss @( P;B(O1^ I5@ 1^(565*. (STLL# <f rr(ol60(o)ujij unnAau
( iii) /ffraa a_(5)ffi aar(5(5s o (5<5(gjD iB(tT)&a siriLS s^nQecuS'Geo
( iv) a_nsj<sB|6T5a@ u S ^ a a airiL,^ 3=n:Qeoa(û Gu frj DgJ@Li
Lf^- iSBigujir ?
VO CABULARY
' t iger'
' zoo'
'bear' ' l i on'
' el ephant '
6f>r 1 aib
' camel '
' monkey' ' chimpanzee'
'cage' SSOIT iLlIT ' t rick'
' fu n' ' gat her'
' happines s ' ' you ng one of
an animal , c
UUJUU
'be afraid o f ' ru n'
'enj oy'
GR AMMAR
19.81.196. A n infinit ive may be red u pl icat ed t o denot e cont inu ou s act ion
l ike verbal part icipl e (Refer 17.70). See t he fol l owing exampl es :
19. 81. 196. jbini^ ^Qû uinraau uuiiaa Geuisf-AQaiuir
p i i i .
Lesson 81 / 661
Sand hi 39. The word final -etsr is d ropped when t he word fu nct ions as a
modifier of anot her nou n- Exampl e :
tog)/6%5r + (g!rmj@ > l u gu s i^ @[r/Bi(g
SeiresT + (gj pj j QîBiaB ^- ;^rf'6sr65r @jp/B(o)^(E;iS
c9;fB^ + u a a t b > ,:9/^ûu<S(3Bii) (Refer S.4 in 1.2)
UITUSS + uiT/f6B ^ u / T / f a a u u/r/faaB (Refer S.29 i n 15.56)
ûSifLh + î_Gl 6U - > îziiiT^jSi- Sl cu (Refer S.24 in 5.-29)
s_iGj<5B(er^<95(g + (ol^(Pu-/LD/r > a-nii6B(g36B^<s GlîPu./tnfr
i^(5aBisa5(rLl# df/rGleOcS + Guiriiis > u9(5a<sa5(rtl# ffffOeoa^tj
Gunrita (Refer S.18 in 2.14)
UNIT 20
LESSON 82
T HE C R O W A N D T HE F O X
DIALOGUE
arreijA^ sp 61J Gl i _
(o)(oll_<9=ffgJ. Sp(5 IBfT^-
6K(o1i_(olujca ^ esT est
^!jihi3A9^. ^ u u ,
suyjujir sp(5 ^fP
U IT if {S ^ gj .
May I t el l (you ) a s t ory ? There was
a crow i n a vil l age. One day t hat
crow got a vadai Sit t ing on a tree t he
crow s t art ed t o eat t he vad a. A t t hat
t ime, a fox came t hat way. The fox
saw t he vada i n t he mou t h of t he
crow. The fox al s o was very hu ngry.
The fox d ecid ed t hat he s hou l d eat
t hat vada s omehow. You know t hat
fox is a very t ricky animal , d on' t
you ? The t ox made a t rick. Seeing
t he crow " O h ! crow ! it is s aid t hat
you s ing beau t ifu l l y. Pl ease s ing a
s ong". The crow d i d not u nders t and
t he irick of t he fox. Then she s ang
Lesson 82 / 663
^SBTsffr^jjLb'esiiTâ
^/TmfTffljf J<5Fg;. ' fB fP
ijff^ffiLD'siwr^)/ a_ mj as -
( S r 5 @ ^ Gl 65 fP iq t>
^sbGlsoiufT ? ; B iP 6p (5
fi^î^LB GlffuJ^g;.
66fr66frGl6iJL; u rr if ^
"6Bnr<B66/r ! iS ^ jp as fr tj
u(T(5i6u(rujrr(3LD. ep
U / T L L L J LifrGisir' s iwT'i^
Gasiligi. fBfPGiiJirGlL-
^ / B^ fTl i l 6BJT6Ba5/T6lL/<A@LJ
L/ rf' ujGl sD. a_ i _G 6 or
6s/76B66/r 'a5nr..../T....as/i*
em^)l un(âffr. ^ u u , /
eunuSGeo ^ / B ^ S UG1 L_
<Gjp siPfip/B^g;. ; B fP
6uGll_Gluj S T (p ^ gj 6S
6BnrLL(5l@6frG6TT |plI)-LJ
GufTffft. urrsuih! 6Brr<5a5(r
67LDfr(B<Sgi.
DRILLS
'caw.caw.caw' At t hat t ime, t he
vad a w hi ch was i n t he crow' s mou t h
fel l d own. The fox t ook t he vada
and ran int o t he forest. Al as ! t he
poor crow got d is appoint ed ,
20. 82. 197. jBiP 6Sir6BasfrGlo-ULJ urrifcggj uiriLQu u/rGi_6Jr'
Gastligi/.
' C 9 / ; B ^ 6UG1I_G1UJ^ ^ ej rcj r^ t b ' s wr^ rbiP
^/fiJ3/T6ffP<fa=gj. 65fr6B6b(r 3L-Gesr '6Brr....66/T'6wr@)j
U/ T**.
20. 82. 198. /BiP . :S);B^ 6uGli_Gluj^ ^/rsir j^sBTsar^Lb' snir^
^(TLD/r6iiPa=a=gj.
20. S2. 199. suAsiT 2_i_G65r unQAffr.
(i) '<:9/;B^ S U G1 L_ G1 U J ^
j^sirsffr^l/ii'ciwT^jj fBfP
^/rtDTSofffffgj.
SeJreorgj/iii'eiraT^)/ jbiP
^fTLDfTSBfffffgJ.
rbiP
( ii) aiTffianr a_L_G6in" 'aiT....srr'
(S/T3Bnr cinrrgigjj
a_l_G63T
( iii) fBfP ffitrilCS'a^GfrGsrr sp**-.
a(TLLa@6frG6rr
IBfP
(i) fBrP G i l i _g j .
'6p(i5 uirLL(piJ LJirGieJr'csirrîi
G a i l i g /
afraffirrQeu iJ U( r( f^ g/ a
GLLi _g;
( ii) fBiP p(5<s=ai-.
ia(TLL<5@srrG6irr ^(5^^*
6ijQi_(o)uj 6T(5^gi gp**-
( iii) <SBfrir Uf r **.
ai raai r a_i_G6in- 'an-.SBrr'îtiT^
'aiT....afr'BiiTÛ U( r#-
si-L-Geir ' (T....fr' fiiraT^ Ufr<j=i9v-
at r aarr
uff#a- .
/ffP afrL.a(g6frGfiTr |p#a-.
a(nlao6frGrr p Ja-
^fP a/rLLa@efrG6ir p #a .
(BiP GaL- L-gi.
jBiP ' s p LjirLLLJ u/TGL_65r'nn"@i/
G a i l i g i .
fBfP airaafrGl s u LJ UITIT^^ '^(3
uniLQu u i rGi Sffr' oi rr^
G a i l i ^ .
ffiiP p a a .
jBiP afrLl a(g6frG6Tr s pa=a.
fBfP 6u(oli_(oliiJ eT<s gj a a/TLL
(gsfrGsrr p a a .
aTaaiT Ufr aa.
arraarr 'arr-.-.a/r'sBirrî; u f f a a .
.a(raa/r a_i_G6iyr 'aT..-.an^'6TOr@)/.
u ( r a a .
d. Su bs t it u t ion d ri l l
(i) cS/gJ Ljfra* .
verb suit abl y.-
&
cSy^ ffTfr>mj@aa.
Lesson 82 / 665
Qs uQs rriij /T
(ii) ^ g / ejian^^^.
verb accord ingl y:
surr
(iii) cS / Gl ^ ^ j^csreffr^piiii'sBifr^M
Su bs t it u t e
eT(5ads@Ut b
e. Trans format ion d ri l l
(i) s>n&&i un(^.
{B(P | p gi .
( ii) ffifrAatr ejinu^^.
( iii) as frfrs i7@ ep 6ii(o1t_
(ol(olL- <S@g).
rbiP îJLDnesPAig)^.
( iv) d5fraffi/TSi/@LJ Lj fPu^gj .
/BfP fpgi-
suGli ^(?fp s iJft pgj .
cSj gj (olsufolsTriiJir**.
c9;gi Qas i Ti i i L/ ffa.
c9/S< sp(jp@a=- .,
t Sj gj S7ti(r^<Sgi.
^ g j s u /Bj ag/.
^ Q ^ ^ j S s i rs B r^ m' s w r^
</ftr)/r6iifff<5Fgj-
cSfCljS S T @i ; i i )' 6i i i fr^
^ ( Q ^ f f Qf f u Ju j ^ Lb' s B i i T^
jîfiDfrsBPff a=g;.
d Jj Gl ^ t J u j i y a a ^ Ki i ' s i i i rr^
c9/<oljS<J= Gl ffn- s bfi O^ i i ' s i w r^
îTLDrresPaa^.
i5irr(r6ij @ s p suGlt
(olffiQiffffgj.
fr(T êirs is r c^!rLbL?a=ffg;.
fra( j i j @i j LjfPujGlso.
/BfP fpiGlsu.
suQi <^Gy3 s iJj pQs o.
/BfP ^<rir>/T6ijPa(ol60.
666 I An Intensive Comse in Tamil
(i) <B(T(5/r LBij^^Geo
( ii) ffifP <5(T<3Bfr(ol6l;LJ UfTl t ^ ^ gJ.
uirGi^'sm^ Ga i l i g j .
( iii) ^fP s u Gl i- Gl u j eT(5^^gj .
EXERCISES
B- F i l l in t he bl anks u s ing t he cues given in parent heses as i n t he mod el given
bel ow.
Mod el : gp as r^ Geo s p ^ / t j B g / . ( crow)
(i) <95(7T s p +G60 a_<sBaBnr/r^^g/. (t ree)
(ii) p(5 6u/B{5gJ. (fox)
( iii) jbi? ..ffffgi. (decide)
( iv) /BfP - )- ^ 63r ( t rick)
(v) ;B(P ep (animal )
( vi) 6u(o1(_ <dEG(p iBj Sg/- ( fail )
( vii) /B/P 6ij Qi_Qu J ^ ^ g i - (t ake)
( viii) /BfP +a_<5@6rrG6n- | p j * . (forest )
( ix) ufrei/t i), ffi/r<Bfr +/ B^ g/ - (be d is appoint ed )
(x) cSigj -. + <:%7LDi-?<Fffg/. (eat )
h. Sel ect t he right verb and use it in t he bl ank w i t h s u it abl e form.
(i) /BfP<a@LJ u ^ i u ff
( ii) airAaneijAû
( iii) S U GIL. .5G( P
( iv) /BfP (TLL<a@sfrG6ir
(v) ffi(r(T
( vi) <9BirdSAT iDj r^ gj Geo
i. Wri t e t he word repres ent ed by t he formu l a.
Exampl e : u nr(9# u fr + Pas t
(i) 0> + Pas t :
/BfP afraasfrQeiJLJ uirir^^ '/ff s p
UfrLLLJ U(rGt_6ST'6IIBT@U
GLLi _gi .
^fP 6Xl(o1l_(oluj 6T^ gj ai /TL.( S-
QfehGen apa=* .
Lesson 82 / 667
( ii) QeuQentunQ + P as t :
( iii) eTjDiEJ + Pas t :
( iv) îis(g) + Past :
( v) eprip + Pas t :
( vi) Qas ni ri q + Past :
j . Thes e are t he s t at ement s given by Su nd aram. Report his s t at ement s as
i n t he mod el given bel ow.
Mod el : ffr^^tfih : ss(if)Qeo sp^ airAaa ^ / B ^ ^ .
(i) s^^îjih : fbif QijiTiiu^ ^^îfiDiresr IJ9( 5ID.
(ii) ffr^îjih : c9j fB^ siiyjiud 6^(5 /BIP suiB^gJ.
( iii) ftfBjSjrtb : c^ygj a/raafrGl eu u u / ri f ^ ^ ^ .
( iv) -/Bd5^Lb : uneuih s,n&s,!r ejwn^^^.
k. Thes e are t he qu es t ions asked by Su nd aram. Report his qu es t ions as i n
t he mcd el given bel ow.
Mod el : aj B ^ j ri i : JBTSST epar, <SB(O1^ Glanrebeoilcgiuiff ?
(i) sv^^!jih : a_fBja(ST5ffi@^ Q^ / PI L/ LD, ^s bQeOoj n- ?
(ii) a/Bîru b : ; f t 9;j p/TLj u/rCj 6uiij n' ?
( iii) ffr^îfih : ^nis.rr ejuuuû urT(<fffr ?
( iv) Srfi^rfib : ffi/P ST(5J(5 sp(5<? ?
(v) av^<s(7ti) : ; BIP"J T cSy/B^ suj^fuj/r s u / B^ gJ ?
I. Trans form t he fol l owing int o report ive cons t ru ct ions u.sing t he refl exive
pronou n ^near-
Mod el : /b/P, 'cTt Ji_;ii).uj (r6i/^/ Si^fi s u Qi _Qu j ^nsrr
fBfP STu u i i ^ u j frs i i ^ tSJ/Bai s u Qi _Qu J^ ^rrs s r
^sJToi rrî i ' eBi n-^ ^ffLD(rsiiP<?*gj.
(i) s,nAs,n, 'rSl^^ t ct r^ gj Gs o / BISST Ei _*(T!r@ytD' s i f5r^
( ii) ds/TiSa/T, 'rbireir ^^mrru u fri ^ j j i b'sMT^ j ; jJfftD/T6ifPj<yg/.
( iii) <B/TiSa/T, '6b/r....<95/T'6BilTÛ JBT65r U/TL_@JJli)'6BBT^)/
m. Trans form vhe s econd nou n of each sentence int o it s corres pond ing
refl s xive pronou n as i n t he mod el given bel ow.
Mod el : inrreoir c9/6u(o)6Jr aemisv)un.u3(Seo u rrfr^ ^ fr.
LDfTSOft jS65r(ol6W<B 6WT(gB)lr).ui'G60 U/rff^^fT.
(i) ^ s u eJT êuQsisTa aesinûf-uSGeo unir^^JiesT.
( ii) êueir c9/su@M<Bjr 6uiTmj@(g)6mr.
( iii^ ijiTîTc9/6ii(6i5@ 6^(5 (ol u fri_Qs u 6urrm)@iB)-
( iv) LDiresin'siji&ta t ^ s u fs j a uessr^ Gl ^ a Qsn(^^n!ms.
( v) ,^6U6s r ' ^ ffs ir Gl anrgu Cl u eJr' es bT^ l / (o1#(rsrtg)5r.
( vi) mneoa rSlsijStLQL-uS'(!^ffi0i u ^ gj ^ u n- u j CT(5;5gJ<s (ola(T(5^^T.
( vii) Gu irfrîPu j cS)eiJ(i5<s-i êuQen euâ Glffrreirig).
n. Join t he fol l owing accord ing t o t he s and hi ru l es .
(i) 6ij<oli_ + ST : ( ii) asrr + ( g ;
STtJuu}. + c^ s i i g/ : (ii) ^^Bj^SfTLD + ST :
/BfP + spG)L_ ; uS'cj asii + a _ @ :
o. Ans wer t hese qu es t ions .
(i) jSiiida 6p(5 asGljS (alffirsbgj/pyrajflBsiriT ?
( ii) jb^ S T U U L) . U U LLL_ iB'jTf&ih ?
( iii) arraarr ffrtJLJt().u U(r(5<9=*?
( iv) fbiP ereirem ^p,îfih Qa u j ^ gj ?
( v) ^rPGiu frGIt - ^ j Bj S^ ii) afr( T6i/a@iJ Lj fPi^ffîT ?
( vi) j iifi s TiBj Ga I P * * ?
VO C ABULAR Y
' t ree'
' mou t h'
' t ricky'
t rick'
' Al as '
GR AMMAR
20.82.197. -em^ is t he qu ot at ive part icl e. It is t he verbal part icipl e
form of t he verb s rs i r- ' s ay' . Thi s u nit i n t hree lessons mainl y deal s w i t h t he
variou s uses of t his part icl e.
The qu ot at ive part icl e - s i i j r^ is used here t o qu ot e t he sent ence as it is u t t e-
red by t he speaker. See t he fol l owing exampl es .
^tTLDfrsirf'
6l5'(tp
SJTLDITgJI
' crow'
' fox'
' d ecid e'
' animal '
fair
' d is appoint '
LD [TUJ
SUITUJ
U/ToUtb
Lesson 82 / 669
20. 82- 197. ibiP aiTAanQsvu u /r/f^ gy ' s p uniLQu u /rGi_65r'
essT^ Ga5Ll L_gJ.
airAaiT a_i_Gs 5r 'rr ....airffl j irrû L J ^ * * .
20.82.198. .sfrsir is a refl exive pronou n. The corres pond ing pl u ral form is
jS/TfEJas. Li ke ot her pronou ns (Refer 1.1.1.) t hey can al so be d ecl ined as fol l ow.s.
The obl iqu e bases are jseonr- and
^T6sr ^mQssT ^ rrni a ^.'BjasGlsir
êsrAfg) ^ s i i i gj Qs D ^(BJCSBISTJIS^ ^nsjaerrffQeo
<S65rd?Ll(olL_ ^6iirid5LlQi_uJ'(f5fBgi gm/asi^LKol t - ^ /Ei( ^ LLQ( _-
^65rG(SB)(ol l _ ^ 6i j r* i .l _ ^fBJffiGfflfrfrGlt g(6Ji35i9h.l_
Exampl es :
20. S2. 198. jBiP ^1^^ su(o)i_(o)ajg jSfrsJr ^ s s rarr^ i/LD' es s T^ j /
20.82.199. The verbs t hat t ake t he past tense marker - s ij r- in t he case of
hu man nouns w i l l t ake - j a - as t he common form of t he past tense and neu t er
pers onal t erminat ion in t he case of non- hu man nouns . Exampl e :
20. 82. 199. a5/rT 2_I_G6!JT uiT(â.
jbiP as/rLL@6rrG6rr |p<f av.
Sand hi : evOiQiu + ^ssrear >su(ol i_(ol uj ^ ânetsr {îjihiSaa^)
euQlQlU + UITIT^^^ ?6u Ql _t ol u JLJ UITIT^^^
c9)y3fT + u (rG6u u j (iGiD ^^{panu unC^QeuiunGiD (Refer S.21 in 3.20)
6T ^ g J + ffi- LaêfrG6rr ^ er^ j S gj a afril ^ cSigs frGs Tr (epis^-uGuiraffr)
(Refer S.33 in 17.70)
UNIT 20
LESSON 83
A B O U T A P U B LI C M E E T I N G
DIALOGUE
ajBjSirub : ftGjrei^ .' îsia iBeiviif
aerrrr ?
arGj re^ : rînnmia, G/B<5gj mnQeo
uSGeo ep(Q Q uir
i.LLl _j Sg/G60 cSJSuGliTLJ
LJTffj s Gj as ir. er eiresr
eiSGaa^mia ?
Or^^îh : em ^ iB eb Q 60 rii a.
inirQeouSGeo eiJiL(Âi^
euGpesT'emim)(rf). ^(68),
eu i; Q eo . ^ ^ ^ n eir
G LLG L_ J T .
Su res h, d i d you see Mr. Mu rt hi ?
Yes , s ir. (I) saw hi m i n a pu bl ic
meet ing yes t erday evening. What is
t he mat t er, s ir ?
Not hing, s ir. He s aid he wou l d come
t o my hou s e i n t he evening. Bu t ,
(he) d id n' t come. That is why (I)
have as ked.
Lesson 83 / 67J
aebajrremdi; ;B T s ir
tlL_fru j U) Gu fr@); i i )' -
sror igBS) ( ( 5. ^ (T gy t i
oiWrGsOTTSffT.
gi-fiîfih : G ^ ^ u
3h. C I ih
Q u n ^ a
er iGj G <s
He t ol d me, " I am going t o my
nat ive pl ace next week ; ( There is )
marriage for ( iny) el der s is t er' s d au -
ght er ; I s hou l d go wit hou t fail ". I
al s o s aid t hat (I) am going t o ( my)
nat ive pl ace.
Where was t he pu bl ic meet ing, hel d
yes t erday ?
Geoiiia. GLDUJIT G U -
suno Gâ^sbGeo
er 60 so rr (5 l i) êutiia
Ll .#Gas s pL.iJ GuiT-
iîlih'em^)] Gu * ( ( f5.
L_ID(T ? .... jSfBJffi ^ LJLJ
ST/BJGI S Gurrnffmia ?
aGj rs i ^ ; ^ Q n j a ^ ^ ^ f rs i r G u IT -
GrofBi.. .s ufrmj aGs rrs Jr.
s i i Gps i r. 6u/nl iifr ?
DRILLS
20. S 3. 200. ' mrrQeou j iGs o ? t l a @ s u Gpei r
'/Bffsir <3BLl(_frujLb Gun'^)jLD'6iiiiTigOTj((5.
'/BTguLO S!r(ff)6B(gtJ GufrGnjsir'sBffTGsBirrsBT.
At Thamu kkam Maid anam, s ir.
The Mayor s poke ( in t hat meet ing).
He s aid t hat in t he ens u ing el ect ion
everyone s hou l d vot e for his part y.
O h 1 pol it ical pu bl ic meet ing ?
Where are you going now ?
To t he room onl y, s ir.Why d on' t
(you ) come, s ir ?
I w i l l come anot her day.Shal l (I)
t ake l eave of you ?
O. K. s ir.
(i) ' u ifrQs oai' Gs o s i ? i l @
6uG/DfiiJr'saOT (^^(Z^.
'suG/psoT'suirT (6TO)(f5
61?Ll | g
LDITQSDUJ' GSO
'uDufoleoui'Gso 6I7LL( @ eu G/Ds ir' -
aiirrissjjffj.
'suG/D6ffr*6aiyT(635)(r5
'tiirQoa5'C60 6i7LLa@ s u Gps i r' -
672 I A n Iniemme Course in Tamil
( ii) 'jbTîh 2ar(5<B@u
GuirQp&iT'emQemesr.
'GurrGnoeir'eimGânaT
( iii) ' /Bireir aCiirujih Gurraîh'
CBOTlgBJ).
CIlJITiS^lilb'siliTlgBB)
LLl_/7UJli)
(i) c9/6U(5 '6pLl( 5u C u / ri _ ^ Lb ' -
'c9<6U(E) ail.#aCJ<s5 | P LL( 5I J
Gu(Ti_@Uii'iiir(6M)(5.
'eT6b60/r(5ii> i p i l ^ i j
Gufri^J/Lb'sTCT (SBJ).
'sujD G^ ff^ s bGs o | pt l ( 5u
GufTLÛLb'sniT igBJ).
( ii) =^6U(5 'suGrDsir'eiroriiSBj.
'LD/rQsoiiLS'Gso evGpeir'-
d. Qu es t ion- Ans wer d ri l l
iHBTGeosreir.
'GuirGpeir'siisTGessTm
'sM^nÂû GuirGrooiT'esinGemm
'/Bfrgutb aar( 5a( St J GuirGpaeir'-
dnyrGcuwrcor-
'/BTSsr LLi_/ruj t B G u / r a ^ t i ' -
6B5r(6M)(5.
' a i l i _i ru j i i Gu/T@uir)'eBirri6B5)(5
'/B/rear LLi_/ruj t i) G u i r a ^ i i ' -
c9/6ii(5 ' | pt l ( 5u G u / ri ^ t b' -
Gu /r( gsj^/Lo'cggr (gs ^.
^ s u 'eT6b60fr(5iri ^ s u rs i a
i .l .#G s pil CS' u G u / ri _ ^ Lb ' -
^61/( 5 ' GU(D G^/T^ s bGco eT6b60/T(/5Lb
c5)6i/fE/a LL.#<B G qpiLQu
Gu/71_ÛLb'6SilT(gW)(5.
cS/ffu 'cuGpssr'sinTisOT).
!(BT(g5)(f5.
^su( 5 iJ3/r(ol60ai'G60 6i?LLa5@
(i) Q : STsirajT siyGaei^/sicSB ?
A : epemîBAiQeomia.
( ii) Q : G/Bj Sgfu (ol u /rg/ffii.Lli_ii) erriiGa fii^^^ ?
A : ^ ( i paai i ) sKLo^ / i ^ ^ g/ Gs o/ Ej a .
( iii) Q : fmis @t Ju s r/E/Gai Gu/rfi?fBi ?
A : ^QpA(^^^neir Gu frGpj /Bj a.
Lesson S3 / 673
(i) c9ysu(5 'ojGjDBir'eBBTigOT).
verb accordingly.
GuiT
urr((5
(ii) jB/r6r GuTG/DCsr'esitTGeBSTeir.
verb accordingly.
êu
(iii) jEirsar ^suGljr sp Qufrgja-
Substitute
(ol<9=t^(Q)(fG6t)
asebuj (T sissr jSgj G 60
(iv) /Bfreir atlifnuti Gu/raîi.
Substitute
Gsuatnir
(i) ^/rsjr 'cuG/D^'sBorGfisirssr.
(BTcir 'Gu/rGfDSsr' soirGsssrcJr.
j6f sir 'Gufraîi'esirrGssirrsiT.
cSj6ii(5 'CL/rrG3)6Br'6B!n'(g55)((5.
c)6U(r5 '{^5rguG(D6Br'si)OT(g5)(/5.
c5jsu(5 '(o1ffuJGn36iir' Bin'@B)(5.
tS/su 'ufr(5G(D6BT'eBirr(gTO)(5.
^6U(j5 'Lj/T(j'<B@Gn36iT' 6Bin' (gB5)(f5.
/BT65r 'Gu/TG(D6sr'sBirr(o)6i(!rT6ST.
;bt(e; 'GurrG(27Lb'BifrG(635)Lb.
jB/rifl 'Gu/rG(2jt)!iirrQi6a3)ti).
;S 'GufrGrDSJr'sBirrGfflroT.
jfffEja 'GuTGn36ir'6BifT655f/EiaG.
c/6iJ65r 'Gu/rGjDfiir'ssiirigsojssr.
cSjs^J GuirQrosir'emTi^.
=5^61/(5 GufrGfD65r'6iraTi65S)(5.
c9jnjf5; 'Gun^G(2yLD'6!WT(gTO)r5J6B.
ah-ili^giGet) iF/Bi^jGffsaT.
/BTsir cSjfiuGljr sp(5 (o)<9=u9i6B)ffG60
jfB^ffGffsir.
<?/Bi*Gi9=65r.
^Geo fffB^*Ga=65r.
/BfTsir <g5L-i_/7iiJii Gurra^yLD.
(Bisir jS^îULDiTU Gu/raî/LD.
^frcjr ÂSijLDiTu GufragEuixi.
/BfTsir Gsuatcfru Gufraîh.
/BTssr '6uGji365r'fBj(gG(D6r.
/BTcn- 'GuffGfDSsr'fEi(gGpST.
^(T6Br Gu(riS@i/Lb'/6i@G3}6iir.
(ii) /B/TSST 'GuirA^nw'rii^QrDeir.
jblTSST
/BfreJr 'euGnoeir'tiK^GiDeir.
(iii) c^jffu 'QuiTiSe^'iiifg)ifrj(iT).
êu 'euQroesr'mi^tnj.
(iv) (BITfEJa 'Qu/T6B^t)'[i(?U(Tli).
EXERCISES
g. Fill in the blanks using the cues giveni
below.
'Guira^'ibQum.
rbfresT 'GunGroeir'QueiT.
iBTeJr 'suGpsBr'GiJsar.
t^Gij 'suG/DSffr'fEJasQso.
êussT 'GuirGni&iT'riiaQeo.
(BT/BJ* 'GuiTiSB^l/LD'mJa LD(rL-CSl_/TLD.
1 parentheses as in the model given
Model: /B/reir. -^-S-Geo UITH^G^^.
(public meeting)
rbiTSsr GluTgj<iah.L-i_<s il l Gso uirif^Gêir.
(i) câa/r tnaigfjaâ ..-.^(fja^gj. (marriage)
(ii) fSicoT Gufras^LD. (certainly)
(iii) QUITÂaîLilb ;bJ/B^gj. (ground)
(iv) (Ju*(5(5. (mayor)
(v) Cldujit iS)ffi> (speak, deliver)
(vi) ei/nj Geo eîLQu Qujn_@uii)'sirr(gM)(/5. (election)
(vii) êvriia a(gu GL.i(iL_@)jLb'6iiOTifBB)(5. (political party)
(viii) êuKiai aiL^s,^ ....u Gufn_@l/ii)'6!mT(gM)(5. (vote)
(ix) ^sufBja + cS|@}/Lc'oii5r(gs5)(f5. (cast as vote)
(x) G)Lj/r^6BvL-L.LDiT ? (political)
h. These are the statements given by Mr. Murthi. Report his statements as
in the model given below.
Model : (tpH^^ : /B^QsTrffig LDnQeouSGeo suGnasir.
(ipir^^ 'jBrrSlsrrffiQ wnQeou3G60 evGrpeir'emâ^.
(i) ftpiT^^ : îS^fieurrrrib aar^(gtj GunGpsir.
(ii) (tfiir^^ : ^marr LDSiââ seciunmsnh ^(5<B(gg;.
(iii) (tpH^^ : ^nm miLi^niUih Gun&^)}ih.
(iv) jpfitSjS : Clufrgjaah-L-iii ^(jpffiaLo ss^m^nesr^^Geo
^^(v) 5p/t^^ : c9/6iimi ffitliâGaB ^Ll(piJ Gufriûti.
Lesson S3 / 675
i. These are the questions asked by Mr. Murthi. Report his questions as in
Model : (tp/r^^ : /B/iQsrra ld/tQsOuJ'Cso euQpesr.
(i) (Lpa^^ : êuriia aiL^ÂGa I^LL(Û GunL-îh.
(ii) (ififr^^ : âarr uiiST5@ffi aebiunemih ^(5OgJ-
(iii) (tp/T^^ : rbiresT aiLiinuLh Guns^fiih.
]. Select the right case form and use it in the blank.
(i) jSriis umT^^piiaetrn ?
(ii) ibTSST sp(5 ufr/r^Gd565r.
(iii) ibiJsifT LCiiTQeouSGeo euGipeir.
(iv) êviiia iîLQu Guf7i_@i/ti)'6ii5r(^C5.
(v) ixxSigfja^* 3i6bujrTessTLb ^c5(ggj.
(i) (olu/rgjah_L-L_Lb + s_G6U : (ii) (tfiir^^ + ffi :
sufTfrti) + SGeci : LBirQeo + ^Gso:
(i) jSriis cSjjrôJsb Qu/rgiak.tli_^gja@LJ Gu/T6i?fBi6TT(T ?
(ii) Gunm Gîr^sbGso rSriia eT/B^ asL-.^* igpL-Cû
GufTLLifi-fBja ?
(iii) a_rBJ66(Sr5f@ ^!r.#uJ6t> Lyuf-iS^LD/r ?
(iv) a_f5j(Sii5(g t;b^ ^S/tT'ûjsb <g5LL#Qijirihuu ij'iq.aîii. ?
(v) 2_mj Â&iT LDaGennQi asstnufrswr^^* j^fsja
GuiTSifffiiassrrfr ?
(vi) ;JfB;<56 a_mj<5 <BLl#<Bafr<BU (olLjfrg(c5aii.L-i_^gjGsD
GuavsiyjBjffisrr/T ?
(vii) a_m)a GLDUjG[rfr(oli_ Gu(f5 stsbtkit ?
(viii) ffi_mja /ssiraTU^ 'UDfrQsDuJ'GsD E_fBja5 ^QnoA^ ffuGnoek'
(ix) ^fEia 'SLKTfEJa'ewTssirffEjffisyrrr ?
(x) fg(Bj 'ujfr(5@ sîliS'LJ GufTi^Lo'swr^ a_fEjaB iDGlewnS'
b76 I An Intensxve Course in Tamil
VOCABULARY
Qu/rgjaa^LLiii 'public meeting'dSLlifrujii) 'certainly'
'ground' ClDUJ/T 'mayor'
'election' '(political) party'
'vote' îL(Su QUITQ 'cast vote'
'politics' 'political
meeting'
'another'
GRAMMAR
20.83.200^ The verb srsir- 'say' is variously conjugated after quoting the
exact sentence uttered by the speaker in the following examples. -snisT- is the
variant of the verb sTssr-when it is immediately followed by the quoted
sentence, -smis the past tense marker which is then followed by various
personal terminations according to the subjects.
20. S3. 200. 'mrTQeouS'Geo si7il@ euCJnassr'sBiiTigsj).
'^B/Tgjytb 2arâ(gtJ GuirGpeir'emGeisineiT.
Sandhi : yiH^^Qiu + uirH^îiiaemT > ^H^^Qiuu unA^^mi&errtr
êvOi; + u(r(r^C^6Br7^6u(ol(nJ unn^G^m (Refer S.20 in 2.17)
r(5(g +GunGp^ âar(5<s@tj GunGpssr
cS)(olfD@ + ^TSiJT ^c9)(oln3@iS>S/T6ffr (Refer S.18 in 2.14)
II
UNIT 20
LESSON 84
GOING TO MADRAS
DIALOGUE
mQ\ie^ :jB!ra=ujuj(r, ^ n ek
<9BîJ GuiTOifonih'em^)!
QjbS)esTA(QGro6iT.
to.
Narasaiah, I am thinking of going to
Madras tomorrow.
What is the matter ?
(I) have to meet a fHend of mine.
Do you know his address ?
Yes, (I) know. But, I do not under-
stand how to find out that address
^because I do not know all the places
In Madras well. Professor (Sundaram)
told me that there is a person known
to him in Madras. I should ask
Professor (Sundaram) to write a
letter to him. asking him to come ta
the railway station.
c^(B^ 6)9 60 IT ff-^ Q ^ A
asBin'ij'IT). @ j2j ' ssir î;
eresTAtgfU LJ if tu G) 60 .
Q63TU3Q60 ej &) 60 IT
6Tt(ipih fflPujlT^ Q^lP
(ol i S= 6BT Q 6isr
Q a= /r 65r (SB) (5. ^6uG)(r
6foGi_6%gi/@ 611 rr a=
6p(5 asirj-^tb 6T (ip ^ SF
(ol#/T6bffD@ULb.
îja^visiun : rtebeo Qiuira^Qesr,
f^TsinuCSijnQi
s)SeoiT3= ^<o)Â & em Q
' [S<tq.Aig,no Q ^ IT 60 Q 60
QffiuiLjiijs,.
wGjrsi^ ; snijiLQLDiT ?
ibijfiuiuiT : a=fP, eiimiiA.
DRI LLS
a. Variation drill
20. 84. 201. ibiTeir ' ibnQsTTA(êF Q^feirQenAû GuiTaeoirth'emîi
QrbQssrA^^Gpeir.
ertjuiij. '^p,^ 6)S'60iT3'^QÂ asmQL3IÂ(îo^'
20. 84. 202. Gu^frîPuj^ '^6U(5<S(g^ Q^/P(â=
It is a good idea. (You) will not have
the trouble to find out your friend's
address. Do it so.
Shall (I) take leave of you ?
O.K. please do.
b. Build up drill
(i) ;B IT 63T ' ffi n Q iTT A (g) iF
em^jj GliB<Sl6ijr(gGp65r.,
Qp)G]6srA(g)GnL)6ST
/BUffJT 'Î7(ol6Tra@S= (o)*S5rQ6irT@LJ
G u IT a 60 IT ih' em emi
QjbQesrAfgjGpeiT.
QjbQssTAQfGtDssT
Lesson 84 / 679
'Qurtaeonth'em^l
(ii) GuiT^fPuj 'c9/J(5@^
sairrgw)/ (ola=/i65r(gB)(/5.
(olt^/reffT (69) (5
(0)3=657(01657115(260
(o)^fP^*
^6U(f5@
c. Expansion drill
(i) QuifiiSûjfff) Qfnm<s)(ff^.
'(ot^fP(65<f s^cSîZ
(g(27(f5'swsi @U (olfffr65T(65)(5-
(ii) ^/r657 Q;b(o)657(S(g(5(D657.
'(o)<?=65r(o)65Tffi(glJ CJui7a60(TLb'-
653T^jy (o);B'o)657a(gCc/D6Br.
(iii) ffTS57@u qrPiu(o)60.
q(Puj(o)60.
'(?u/ra560fru)'M57@j; QfiQ&sTSf^-
CfDsir
'(o)ff657(ol65r@lJ Gu/T60n-U)'6B5r@);
(o) IB(o)657<B(gGp3657
'(Bfr(o)6T7iffi@<9= (o)*57(olpyT<5@U
GufT(366017lii'aiirrÛ Q^Qesra^-
G33657
;Brr657 ' ;Brr(o)6Yr<SB(g<9= (o)<9=657(o)657@lJ
Gu/T60/Tlii'6057^1/ (o)jB(o)657<B@-
G(D657.
Gu!nT<#iPuj(5 'êntQSifS^fb <ol^fP(5=
ep^^ (ol<f657(ol6ffraS'G60 ^ffia-
@(ny((5'6B57@u (ola=(765r(65)((5.
(0) if 17607
'^(5<s@(27((5'6357^ (o)a=(r657(65)(r5
''(o)a=6B7Qsin-iij'G60 ^([ja'-
^557GW/T657(^.
'?(5^^C!5 'o)<3f657(o)657ui'G60
'(ol^jft^ff 6^<I5^^<5 (ola=65T(o)6B7
iz^Geo ^(5ig(2y(5'6!f5T@j;
<o)ffff657@)(5
<ola=657(?'657tii'G60 @(54<S'~
J57@)/ (olffIT6S7t6a)(r5
Gu(rff#(Puj(i5 'cSjeii*^ (olîPcgg*
ipC5^^ (ol<f657(ol65raS'G60
^(5a@(ny(f5's557@U (o)a=/7657(g5)(5.
Gu!7/7<#'/Puj(5 (o)<y/T657(65)(/5.
^(5<s5(g(27((5'6a57^ Q^nebn^dT).
;B(T657 (o)(B(o)65T(gGpSB7.
;b'76B7 '(o)a=6i3T(o)6i57<B@u Gu/Ta60(ru)'-
6B57@U (ol^(ol657(S5@GfD657.
&765I@U L//Plij(ol60.
ffT657aB(g '67UUlq. 6Bil7(5LS'K).<SS-
@p3gj'6OT7^ LJ(Puj(ol60.
(.i) Q"- STSST6IST eSQeF Btîh 7
(ii) Q : a_fBi|S5<SB@ tSjsu 6i?eo/ra=Lb GliSfPiL/infr ?
A : QîPiLfih.
(i) îr9T 'GurraeoiTih'smi^
verb accordingly.
j/r
Gu9i
(ii) 'ffTUUli).* 6IIJfTLS'lI}.(533gj'-
cwrû niPtuQeo.
verb accordingly.
QUIT
Gu*
(iii) ^suSljT sT(yiâ= Q#(i3so@)/ii.
verb accordingly.
jBnrssT 'QuiTseomh'emîi
Q jB(ol6sr@G(Do9r.
/B/rsJr 'euiêoiTih'em^
(o)^G)6!iT<a5@Gn36Br.
fBirSJT *@6tP60(TI)'B5T@1/
(ol/6<o)IJT(@G JDSJr.
(ol^<o)s5ri@GfD6sr.
(Birejr 'u/TiajTiii'ffliBT^jj
<Sl;B(o)63r@GjD6Jr.
Gl jB'ols'n'iSB'gGfDssT.
i-liPiuQeo.
'erijijiq-u Gu/rrDg/'sBiiT^
'6Tuuix).LJ GujDgj'6iiiyr@D
i_jiPujQeo.
Gua=(S= (oliF/Tsbgy
(iv) 6^(5 sT(ip<s<J=
verb accordingly.
Gu/r
GlajT
Ga(gT5
<ola(T6SijT6U/T
(v) jB^sBT 6p(5^cg(ol!rff s'fi^m-
verb suitably.
LJ(T(5
Lesson 84 / 68J
c9j6u(ol!riJ Gua=, <9= QsF trebeo^jiHb.
Qafrsbfiu^l/ti.
Gl(9=nr6b60@)ji).
(i) 'Q*fisr(o)sr<5@u Gu/raso/ru)'
cwTgiEOj Q^tolewa^GpjfiffT.
coir^y ^(fixifrsrf'aigGfDeaT.
GlacJTGlssra^Geu
<ol<9=(rsi)@2/(2J(5.
fiirarj5jg)i Giaig(27(5.
(ii) Qo'ekQasrAû Gufrssoirui'-
GI/BfolemrjGffsir.
jîftnirsrf'aGffsir.
's^(5^^(5 (o)tf6sr<Sl6in"iL?G60
GffiLlL_T(5.
'Off6ir<ol6aT(gL/ (SuiTseOfTiL'sm^
(iii) '^sijQpr j ff;B^^Lb'-
'sTuufq-a 6Bin-(5L?iq.ffi|g(Dgj'-
i^rTLD/resPaaLD/TLLGisir.
GaaaiD/rtlL-nr.
^6u(ol(rJ <?/Bâa^ti)'6iroT^
^/ftofiratPaaGlffl).
Q<s=6ffT(ol6in-a@ij Gu/rafflJirii'ssirrû
Qo'ndbsoQeo.
'sTUuisf-A a6aDT(9i-?tri-(gfDi'BiTû
GaaaQso.
EX ER CI SES
below.
Model: rbiTbsr ^ a^GpeBT. (think)
^TSBT Q^Qs5ra@G/D6Br.
(i) -(Ejaigfjaig QiSfPiqixirr ? (address)
(ii) eruuuf-a UL?(Eia ? (find out)
(iii) ^GOso (idea)
(iv) fiiSsDffff^Qâ asmQL9uf.sQfD âafr^. (trouble)
h. Select the right case form and use it in the blanks. .
jbtrQen
(i) jBfrcBT Gunaeomh.
(ii) STfiBT fBSBBTU ff fB;a@3Jli).
(iii) Q^fPiqt(T ?
(iv) eT6BTa(g CTSbsO/T 6Tl_(ipii) Q^fPuUff^.
(v) 2_(aa ffl?60Ts=^Gl^ asBBi L?u).a(g(D (o'^/isbGleu
âa/rgj.
i. Make one sentence out of the two sentences, using -ssirr^.
Model : jbirssT Gl/B'olsBra^GjDSBr.
'/BiToBT Qff6Br(o)fiBra(gLJ Guirseoinh'.
/BTSBT '(olcy6Br(o)6BTa@lJ Gu.TaSOfriL'SBBT^ (ol;B<ol6BTa@GfD6Br.
(i) ffT6Br@iJ iîPujQeo.
(ii) / BTSOT (ol/b(ol6Bra(gGY06BT.
Lesson 84 / 683
(iii)
(iv) (TTssra^LJ iîPtuQeo.
(v) / BITSOT (o1lB<ol65ra(g(3/DS0T.
'6T6ST<5@ STSbsO/T 6Tl_(ipLb a=/Puj(T<S Q^flÛJJTgJ.'
j. Answer tiiese questions.
(i) jSiiia 'jbt(o)6tt@ S2ar(75a@Lj GuirascOfrLb'sobT^)/
(ii) s^fQasigf5(gff Q<y6iJr(ol63T(LPG60 srebeoir 6Ti^(tpih QîPu^wir ?
(iii) jSiiis aar(i5(gLJ Gufrpuu s_(b; tnOesrsiS'Quj eroGisi^gya
eufj* Qa^fTsbei?* ii).^Lb ffr(tpgj?(EJassTr(T ?
(iv) 'ûSjpGeo 'si/d' sTuuti)- er^Lp^p^'emr^)] sj_f5/a@5a@iS
(ol^(Pii_/u5rr ?
(v) 'emi>^fr u?** itlL.#* afrQeua eruuuj-tj GuirrDgj'eBoi^
2_/Bj^<s@^ GlîfiqiniT ?
(vi) ^fi^LJ UI?LLQ'3= U3G60 LJ/TSW/TSiyfEJa'eOBT^y
(olfbQsmraigriyni/asnn' ?
(vii) ;fmi a_fE/ iBSBirTLj(o)[r (.e^rruS'jpÂ <S1a(o)jp(p)t) .y/TtJiJ'L. ffU(T<3=
Qi?/T60T6fff rBiaSTTfT ?
(viii) jgfBjffi a_mj êoBTuQjT er^^Qasr iDsoiPa sujra GlffrrsirsffffE/ ?
V O C AB U L AR Y
sp(5~^^(5 'a person' sj^sofrffti 'address'
655TLPir)- 'find out' QtunsQoTT 'idea'
Gl^/TGuGlso 'trouble'
G R A MMA R
20.84.201. At times, the quotative panicle is used to quote what the
speaker thinks doing of himself. Example :
20. 84. 201. (BfTsoT '/BfrGlsTTiS^ff GlffeortolsoTaîJ Gufrasufrii'ssoT^jl
(ol(B(?6i5Ta(gG{D65T.
ouoT^y 6T6ora@Lj qjfujQsu.
20.84.202. Literally speaking, the following is the equivalent of the indirect
speech as in English. The quctitive particle -sm^ means 'that' here.
Example:
20. 84. 202. Gu//iT.^ffuj(5 '^'euâ^^ Q^fP(65a= cpcj^js
Qa^ssiQaniiS'Geo ^(fjaigff/ycrj'sBOT^ QarrsoTig).
Sandhi: epcj^^^Qij + s^fi^sx^jjih ^s^^^^GlfrJ d^^yÂaîiih
a6Bin-(5L?i4.@(Dg/ (Refer S.20 in 2.17)
^/T<o)sTr<S(g -I- (D)ff6BT(ol6sriS6(g rbnQerTAtÂ (o)ff6ijr(o)6sr(gu (Qurraeoirth)
Qs^mQmA^ + Qunaeonih QasaTGlesia^LJ Guna.eDnih
qfPujQsu >CTSBTiJ LjfPiuQso (Refer S.18 in 2.14)
a= iPujiT + QîPiuiT^ > ffiPujiijS GI^/PuJTgj (Refer S.21 in 3.20)
6T(tp^ + (o)a=T65360îi -^6T(ipâ= (olfffTstisuîi (Refer S.29 in 15.55)
LESSON 85
GOING ON A
D I AL O G U E
u-)ti) GuiTfTynijaBsrr/T ?
LoQesT&S'iLjih GuiT(J(/r}ii>.
sh.t_ !rfr{ipsi/Lb cSfsueir
PILGRIMAGE
Sir, it seems you are going to Thiru-
chendur temple tomorrow ?
YesThere is a vow to fulfill for
Thiruchendur Murugan.
Are you going with your wife ?
Yes. 1 and my wife are going. Ramu
and his wife are also coming with us.
s^^fiiîh ;<g5t_sbCS60 (gerP#s^,
^rrAa^QiST u soirr essP ,
*n-u?(oluj(gii)L?LL(5
(s;BfT^^*l63^ (ol I? uj
j_n5J(6i5@ rS ^ ^ ^
Q^lflULDIT ?
ffr^^!jih : QîPiLfih. ^ lii a ih
Gerreir
ffrGiêq, : êoQeoriis .... rSi Q ^
uuf.A(g)G{rffth- ^rr^îLjih
ÎsuGijrrQL- LDQsnTsiS'iLjih
CSu(r(fiy(BJ65. a_(Bj@5<s@^
DRI LLS
How will (you) fulfill your vow ?
We will fulfill the vow by bathing
in the sea, performing 'archana',
circumambulating the temple and by
praying the God.
Will (you) take bath in the sea ? Do
you know swimming ?
Yes, I know. Why don't you and
Narasaiah come along ?
No, sir. There is a test next week. I
and Narasaiah will sit together and
study. Mr. Murthi and his wife are
going to their place today. Do you
know (it) ?
YeS""Mr. Murthi told me yesterday.
1 have to go and see them (now)-
Shall I take leave oF you, sir ?
O. K. Please do.
Variation drill
21. 85. 203.
21. 85. 204.
21. 85. 205.
fbT^LD riiij'ifuLiiurTeijLh ui4,<s@G(25'ii.
fffBjigr5Lb s_(Eja5 LaQsmoS'iLfLb GuiT^rijasmr 7
;f fE/asiSTjii) fB(ra=uJujfTsijLO euirrBjaGsrrfflJT.
(LpiT^îLjih îsuGijnQi-^ LDQgsTa9iLftii Bar(5(gL;
Gufr(2Jf5J<K-
b. Build up drill
(i) fiiTîh 6T6ST inQem-oS'iLjih
Gun(I(njLb.
GunGtnjib
/Btgyii) 6T65r u>Q&!r6>S'iL{ib
(ii) ^liistîh ibfjs'uJujiTeijib
euirmiaGeireiT.
eijniiia,GetTSST
(iii) ijiT(ipsifih êuesT inQesreîLfih
(TfFfipsijiJb êvssT LtQesreîLjti)
c. Expansion drill
(i) /BTgULD ereir LcQeisrefftLfLb
GunGinjih.
GunGiftjih
(ii) (ipiT^ûîh êuGijuQi
wQesreiS'u-iih GuiTinjiiia.
ar(/5(gu Gurrtnjrsia
êmQemAû Guniir}mi&
Lesson 85 / 657
GuTG(2yti)
Ibt^Lb 6T6ST ujSlfiffrsiS'iqiii
GufrG(nyiD.
(fre/aigjif) ^tjfuuujnemh euirraa-
Csrrssr.
cufrfSJaGsTreir
/SfBJaigrjLb ^[TffuJujffsijLb eufriEJiSS-
GsrreBT.
{r(r(tp6i/ii) ^6v/65r LaQenTeû-jih
611(27 (BJffi.
tbirîh ereir LoQesreiS'iLjLb
GunGingih.
fiiTîh ereir inGleffrsiîqii)
^(54=(ola=jBgjT(5@u GuirGatjth.
(tpir^Û-fth .^leuGîrQi
inQesreiyu-fib GuiT(njmi&.
3p/T^Û-/U) êuG^nQi wQesreiS
VLjih aar(f5iB@u Gu(T(27fEj<35.
ftfiH^îLfib ^suGrrnQi iDfolsifrfiiS'
iLjii êmQema^ aarâigu
Gun^(nyfBj.
(i) Q: jSiii^ rbfrQerrA^^ j^^jGlfffBg/Tfr Ga/iuJgjjaigiJ
GufrpyfEJaerrfrGLD ?
A : <^tifr.
(ii) Q: jffEjasigTjiL _(Ei iflG^sureiS'iqti) Gufrfrfraacrrfr ?
A : c^LD/riEia.... ^/rgyiL sreir LoQeisreSu-jih GunGtirjih.
(iii) Q: îf^^tqih cS/euG.jfri tcQswffiS'uîi êairQsBsraig
A : c^LDiT.... GjB^g; (tp(T^j Glfffrsirigs).
(i) j6)T@i/ti) /B!r<9=uJuj(r6i/ii)
uuÂ^Qiitjih.
noun accordingly.
(ii) jfffEiaigfjub 2_fEj i,QsiSTff3iL\ih
noun accordingly.
êsrssnhLDrT
(iii) ijiT(ipeifth ^sueir inQesToSu-iih
euinjiiia.
noun accordingly.
(iv) /Bfrnsja QaîuGsuirih.
verb accordingly.
/BTgjjLb in-(5(rsi^-oi> UL).iS(g(5(27tb.
/Brrgi/m LDrreoffsi/u) uin.A^Ginjih.
jbTîh (TsiS'iL/ii) uij)-@G(n7ii.
/fffE/aigjLb a_mj<3B mQsursiS'iqLb
Gu/TfiyfBjasir/T ?
Guirnffiii&entT ?
GufrfiyiBjasTriT ?
;S/Bj(gT5Lb a_/Bji3S ^fBiQaiqii
CoUffrjS'fBjasTrfr ?
mjatsrjib a_m/<B ^'sorssixDLDfrsijLb
Gurt-riymjasTrfT ?
(r6i?ii-/Lb cSjsusffr LoQsiyrfeiS'uîi)
;B!r<s=uJuj/r6i/Lb c^susir tDQfiSTSiJiL/tb
jBTraa QîuGsuirw.
(Brrmja ^srPiJGuiTiii.
fitriiim îht^QGeutTih.
Lesson 85 / 689
L./r((5
(olffffsbspi
(i) jBTeJr Gu/rGiDenr.
ereir ldQsotsi? Quninj.
{brreir uisî^Gfoeir.
/Bj GufrpyiBjaBerr/T ?
2_(5JS6 UiCleureiS' (JufrinyiEjaerrfr?
(r/T(ip eu(ny6aT.
êusjr inQesrsiS'sij(2?fE/<B.
ftp/f^^ CSufr(37(5.
Gufr(27fEi.
(ii) fSTra/as ai_6bG6U êrPuGufni.
^BTfBjas G/Bif^âaieir
GlffuJGeunLb.
Geunih.
GlffuJGfiufrLb.
/BfriBja (Smnu^QeoA w-^gi-
Geufrtij.
ffifTiBja Gj5ff^<fi<sa)i_65r
Glff luGsuiTtii.
finiiia <f fru9Quj (gtiL?-
Gei/fTub.
/BfTiE/a G^Bir^sâaissr
(o)iFuJGei.jfrLb.
S- Transformation drill
(i) jBfrgyii ereor LD<ol65m5'u-/ib
CSurrQfirjih.
/BfrgUli) 6T6BT ÎLDLDnSljLb
GunGiirjih.
/Bfrguii /Birffiuiufrei/LD
Ljii}.@G([5-Lb.
/BfrniidB fBgjGeiyiTLb.
jBfrmja sj_<B(r(5G6yfrii-
/BT/B/ffi (o)ff/rbg2jG6u/rii.
flSfrgj/ti erejr wQesreîLfih
QuirGtnjih.
/BrrgjjLo ^(Tffujiijfrsiîi) uii).(gG(nyii.
^fEJiSSigrjiii a_mj LD(ol6OTS)S'iqLb
GuirrffiiiaeniT ?
6U(2J'fBJ.
(ipiT^û-fih êvGrrirQi-
LDQssTe&iLjih GurTtnjrsis-
jiiriiia cSBL-ebGso @erfd=ffr Gjbit^-
iî_6BT Q'TiuGeunih.
G{B'T^!iesr QaîuGeuiTih.
G;Bfr^î_65r GlffuJGffljfni).
G^(t^ja5i_6sr GlffiiJGsu/rti).
GuirrffiiismiT ?
jSrsia^QîD a_fBJiSB .^LbLDnrsijLb
GufTîymaeTriT ?
mjdsigrjii) fB{rffuJuJT6i;Lb
uiq-a^ftfrejafffTfr ?
690 I Ar\ Intensive Course in Tamil
ij(27iK/. sutnyiEJasTT IT ?
rtpn^^tqih êufTf) (tpir^îqii) ^siJ iDQmeû-fih
mOenroS'tuLb CouiT(6B)f5j. Gu/rigj/EjabSTrfr ?
EX ER CI SES
h. Fill in the blanks using the cues given in parentheses as in the model given
below.
Model : eptF f) ^(S)^(3&- (vow)
(i) !bniii& uswjT^Gsuirii). (offering/worship)
(ii) ibuiiia Ganu3Q60A Goj/rti- (circumambulate)
(iii) a_i5;a5ii5a@ + (olîPiqinir ? (swim)
(iv) ^BTgj/ti /BiTffuJuJ/rsijii) uii).(gG((TyLb. (together)
i. Write the word r-epresented by the formula.
Example : pjîh rbrreir + Conj.
(i) LoQesTe^ + Conj. ;
(ii) iîT(Lp + Conj. :
(iii) jbijffiuujiT + Conj. :
(iv) (Lp/r^^ + Conj. :
(v) rgriia + Conj. :
(vi) ^/sumjffi + Conj. :
j. Join these words as in the examples :
Example : *G!rs>^ *-iBd5(rix)
(i) ffinesT iflEJa (ii) îtsa ^'su
(iii) êu(rf) êu (iv) êuiiia ^cufE/as
(v) ifiBjas s_mja5 mQesrsi? (vi) ^nm srsir Lofflsffrsil?
(vii) ijr\(ip s_ir tnGlsffrsi? (viii) ^^Gjrei^ .^tjûutun
(ix) rffift^^ cS/suGfr/rQu. (x) iB/rGsr îjsîuujn
k. Fill up the blanks using the appropriate conjugated form (present) of the
verb given in parentheses.
(i) jbTîh eiesT wQssrs^S'iLjih (Guit) ,
(ii) IBTg)JU3 l5{rffUJUJ/T61/IX) (uirf.)
(iii) mjjSB(gf5ijb a_mj LoGlsBrsiyiqii) (si/irj
(iv) rbrrsûjiunsijih jSriiaiîh (LffOUuQ)
(v) (Lpi^îLjih ^suGijnQL- iDtolsorsiîqii) (ffirtJL?)
(vi) ijiryêijih ^sueir iDGlsOTSiS'iqii) (g/rnsJ)
Lesson 86 / 691
Make one sentence out of two sentences, using -s_ih.
(i) jBTsir Qm\i3Â(9fU GutGjdsst.
6T6BT mfolesrs^ G(Tiij'@jj(gtJ Guirjfiy.
(ii) /ffmja GufrpS'fBiiSBOTfr ?
a_fEi mQsuTfii? Gu(T(2?mjfiirff ?
(iii) /graa eruun}.* Qa=uJ6i?fEj ?
(iv) /B/reJr uij.a@G|D65T.
/BiTffuJujir uti).aB(g(fi7(i5.
(v) fifiii^^ ft6!r(5a@LJ Gufr.
r^cuGiT/rQi toQeffTsi? asrâigu Gu/r(ny(E/aB.,
(vi) 2_(E/ig5iSB(giS GlîPiLjuKr ?
(vii) Gu7(r.^/Puj(5 ^6iiin(ol6siiTa(gu Gu(r(27(i5.
. Select the right case form and use it in the blank with suitable form.
(i) ibtrriim êiPuCSuirth.
(ii) /DtfEJ* a^^^Qeunih.
(iii) /BfTiBia @tiLS'G6u/rLb.
(iv) jgmj Gu/rriymjffisirfrGtD ?
Join the following according to the sandhi rules.
(i) uaGlsOTsi? + a_ii) : (ii) flSjTffuJujT + a_ii :
tyjif^^ + S-ti ijrrQfi + S-ld ;
(i) ;f(BjaigT5Lb a_/EjiSG LDClsffrsiJi^Lb <(f5<j=(o!i9=jBg;T<@Li
GuirjiyiEiassirfT ?
(ii) a_(BjaB(Si5(g Gibir^^Si L_6Jr ^(5(g^rr ?
(iii) 2_mJa(ST5@ jîB^jS (ol^rPu^Loir ?
(iv) /ffmja *L_6i)Gso oeiPuL?m/aerrir ?
(v) ^grejasigrjib a_(Ej<SB /bsottu^ld ênT^GîTQjiib LoirrHQttL-Qsû
Guit^miaeiTiT ?
V O C AB U L AR Y
QrbiT^Âaieir Vow to a deity'^^(f#^^=(ola^r
G R A MMA R
'worship by
offering flowers
etc., along with
recitation of the
holy names of
deity'
'the God' ffr^êun
'swim' e^sBOTi sTO)
'offering flowers
etc., along with
recitation of the
holy names of
deity'
'circumambulate'
'together'
21.85.203. -a_ii) is the conjunctive particle in Tatnil. hi the syntactic
process of conjunction this particle is added to any word to be conjoined. Let
us consider the following pairs of sentences.
1. rbrreir GunGnoeir.
ereir inQesre^' Guirtrrj.
2. f5J Gunrffiiiaenn ?
2_/BJ LoGlsffrsi? GuiTiirjriiaienrt ?
3. îT(ip eti(fij6ir.
c9/6U60T inQesre)? suiir}.
The sentence pairs (l)-(3) can be conjoined as follows.
4. rbiTîh ereir ixiQsarsiS'iL/ii) GuiTG!ir}Lb.
5. firiiai^rîh a_reja5 LdQesTeîLfLb Gurrnffiiiaerrfr ?
6. ijiT(LpsijLh ^sueir LoQesieûîh evajjiiia.
Note that the noun phrases rbneir and erm LoQesre^, jSriia and a_(5J inQeire^
and i;!T(ip and êveir LdQenreS' are conjoined by adding the particle -s ih.
In the conjoined sentences (4)-(6) we see a difference in agreement between
the subject and the predicate. In these sentences the noun phrases such as
/Bffgl/LD STsJr LoQesreiS'iLfih, jSriidii^Lb a-fi/as LoQssrsiS'u^Lb and rjircipemh
c9;su6JT LDQesieSu-iih have the function of a subject and agree with the predi-
cates in person and number as GunGinjih^ Guur^rBiaerrir and euinjmia respec-
tively. These agreement rules have been summarized as foilows.
(i) The combination of the first and second person pronouns, or the first
and third person pronouns or the first, second and third person
pronouns in the subject position agrees with the predicate in person
and number viz., -pii).
21. 85. 203. /B/rgjjLD stsot LoQeineîLiLb GurrGinjih.
Lesson 85 / 693
(ii) The combination of the second and third person pronouns, in the
subject position agrees with the predicate in person and number
viz., -FF/EJ.
21. 85. 204. fiiiiaîh S-iiia tDQ6i(rsiS'u-/ii GunpSisiaerrrr ?
(iii) The combination of the third person pronouns in the subject position
agrees with the predicate in person and number viz., -^tiis-
21. 85. 205. (r/r(y5iyti) êuesr iD(ol6srs)S'u-;tn eutgynsia.
itpiT^îLfih ^SUGIJITQI ifiGlssrsiS'iL/ii) 22sr(f5(gu
In this lesson, we have dealt with the conjunction of noun phrases in the subject
position. The above rules can be schematically represented as follows.
Example : (jbirîh fiimanîh GunGatjih)
Example : f^BTgyiii /B!ra=uJujTfiijii ui4.<S6(gC5(27in)
Example : (^BTgyin ^m/cSBigjii) jbâîuiuireifth GunGinjih)
Example : (rriT(ipsijih cS/susbt iDQssr&S'iLfih su(ir)iiia.)
Sandhi: inGiswn? + a_ii) >iDQsi!T6)S'u-;Lb
5L_6bG60 + ^ au-sbdsoujiT (Refer S.8 in 1.5)
^T(tfi + Sih y- {r/r{tp6i^Lb
fi^s'iLUun + SLD > nBfTffuJUJ/Tsiîi) (Refer S.9 in 1.7)
GaiTuS'Â^ + GuirrfftuiaenirQiD > (l<sB(Tui'@2i@u GuirjffiiiaerrnQm
asEr(5<s5@ + QuiTingmia sarâigtj Gu(T(27(Hjas (Refer S.18 in 2.14)
GarruSQeo '+ Sr^^ Q^nxtSQeoa^ s,f,^
^f/B-a + Q^rfîquDT >^/B^^ (ol^fPiL/tiT (Refer S. 29 in 15.56)
UNIT 21
LESSON 86
AT THE POST OFFICE
D I AL O G U E
9^Gê^ : gyurrrf, ^;b<s<s ûnQeom
GuireiviL U3fT6rOi_iT : ^ u u iq.
(ol<ssrr(5'Bi. ff/TjSfrprsBffr^
jsu/rsofr êbcogj Uj^sijjS
Gu/rcfuil i)frsroi_iT : (jp^y (5 u rr
raids. G su G (D ffT sir ear
GsU^J/fEJ<3S ?
Sir, (I) want to send this letter to
Calcutta,
Give (it) here, sir. Would you like
to send it by ordinary post or
registered post ?
I would like to send it by registered
post, sir.
Please affix stamp- for three rupees
and fifty paise.And please write
'registered post' on the cover. What
else do you want, sir ?
6ffr flr ^ GO eOBT L_
Q60ili_(5ii) (olaiT^reja....
'LD6!raPujT/TI_fJ*6IliT@y 6^
Gunrf- Gl ^ (I (Ej @
fEiaG6Tr...c^;B^ asi^siTOT-
irf^Gso GlasTOfBjffi.
gjgyfsia.
Gu/Tsfotl tcfrsYOiZT : =9) ^ ^
ffrGije^ : QijemQ in essP lu t /t i_ /t
u IT rr Qfi ih 6^(5
urTij(Lpih Q&irQiiia. ^ u u
fip(5 ^JBj^ S) a rr ^ ^ (T
ULDUfTUJia STLJULJ
GunuuS" G9(!f)ih ?
iBuQeoa^Gso ^susD^
/BTQsrraiga anQsou^Geo
GuniuiF G#(5ii). jfiEja
stlL ûniu u^gjLJ
63)U6Ffr QiB/TmJ65.
Give (me) stamps for three rupees
and fifty paise. In addition, give me
ten cards and fifteen inland letters,
sir.I want to send fifty rupees by
money order too.
There is a board with money order
sign that sidePlease give (it) in
that counter, sir.
(I) want to send a telegram too, sir.
Please give (it) in the next counter,
sir.
Please give me two money order
forms and a telegraph form. If a
telegram is given now when will
that reach Bombay ?
(It will reach Bombay) this evening,
or tomorrow morning. You please
give eight rupees ten paise.
Please take.
DRI LLS
a. Variation dril l
21. 86. 206. <gGir/7ii) êkeOsmiL (oIsolLi^ld QairQiii^.
Lesson 86 / 697
21. 86. 207.
b. Build up drill
GuniuA (3a:(5LD.
ffiT^frjjswTjg ûneOT c9(3ogJ uê^^ ûireon ?
(i) frffub êireoemiL
(ii) u3f7<oruii?G60 cSjsbeo^
îrQsrTsÂ mirQecaSGeo
GuduJff G*(5Lci.
Guiriijcy G<F(5ijb
asfrGleouiiGei)
iDirGlsoiJ'GeD cSisbeogj
;6ii(o)Tr((g
c. Expansion drill
(i) jffHis QauQiiia.
asrr/Tti ^sBrsOfiwrtl
u^g/ (ol(rfBj<g5
(ii) 7BJ (o)a(rns(.
LD6Bsfuj/)(il_(r UlTIJfipLb 6^(5
i/T(TLb @6BT60!raTL- SISOLLltJJU)
<o)iS6(T(BJ<S6.
Qn-/s/
(T(fir) @6Jr60iiiTLL QfiOili-cfgti)
G1/r/Hj.
(rQ6Uui'Gu GuniusF G#(5i).
Gu/Tujff Gffîi
fflffGleoiiyGso GufTUJff G^^ld
uîrQeOUS'Geo êbeo^ finQeniÂ
arrQsouSGeo Gufrujj G*(5Lb.
jfmjs (a)6srrfEJ6B.
f&/Bi frffii) glsBTSOflraTLL
(o10ili_(5ii) (o1(r/6J6B.
(ol60LLi_(5ib G1/Tmj.
ff/Bjas Gl/rsjrar icssifPujn'iriit
(ol(rmj.
(i) Q: s'lrîrijem^ ûireoir t^sbsu^ uêi\^ ûneon ?
A : Uj6i/^ û/Tgî.'ua.
(ii) Q : GsiiG/D STsirsOT Gsuîsias ?
65)LJ9=/r fffUlITlilLJ (ol(T(5J.
(iii) Q: ep ^;Bj (o)(riSîi ^'g/ asba^jBTSija^
eruuLJ GufTUJff Ga=(5ii) ?
A : êmQ6mA(Sj u^nQeou^Geo êosci^ îtQeniigÂ
a>nQ,eou3Geo GuirtuA G#(5ii).
(i) <g5(T/i(5ii) ^meoemC
noun accordingly.
urrijLD
memsPiuniTtiT uirijib
(ii) mnQeou3Qeo êbeo^ innQeo
Substitute
(iii) ^ Q ^ A a6b^^/7ei/<S(g
c5(60a)gj Ut)lJITUJ6B@
noun accordingly.
(olafSBrQew
Substitute
sfUL-fTLOl-J
asuiT
^sffTsossBTLl QeotLiti
u^si^^ quired
a/TfrQiiêiirsosBBTL. (oIsolLitb
OiS6(T(5rej65.
656U(5U3 ^ssrsosiwril (ol60LLi_(5Lb
Qa(T(5mja5.
^^ûiTjQpih ^ssTSOemiL
(o1solLi_(5lc) (olfr(5i'6J'SB.
QeCL-i(rîh Q/i(5fEJ4B.
a/rOsoii^GeD ^sbsogj uo^(0)60115060
(3u/ruJa= Ga=(5ib.
d5(T(ol60u5G60 êo'eo^ uD^îuirsurm
Gu/TiuJ G<r((5ii).
fr(ol60uJ'G60 êbso^ a^rriumia^neoih
ajT(ol60ui'G60 êbeo^ (rir^îP
^ Q ^ A d56t)a5<s^T6>j<K@ cSJsbeogj
^QÂ aejDs^^!T6ifA(g, c9)6i>60gi
(ol<?65r(ol6sr@ c9jgyLJu@i;Lb.
^(olâ ffiebaSfS^Teija^ cS|6b60gj
@(o)^<sB <956b^^frsi^(g ^sbeog;
(o)t_6b6i9{g cSygULJuûLD.
sroi_(itx)q.
i356Uft.
air/T.
^6Br6063iml (ol60LLL_ft.
uiJi)ih.
LDSwfujff/Tiff urrijih.
Lesson 86 / 699
(i) (r(r Qfr(5fBj<3B.
Q6B/rIGJ65.
iBSBuPoj/riTiit ufTjrii)
^/B^ un'ifih QanQiiia.
afrGlfiuuj'Geo
ti/r(o)60ii5Gs
Glj;tuj#G<9=(51).
UtgsBTiâ;- êJreosBBTil
GlsOLliff (olig5fr(5'Ej.
p(!5 .s/BûfrirLb (o)<sb/t(ej.
sp(5 ii6wPuj(T(fi_fr uiTijih
EX ER CI SES
g
Qa>irQr6ia.
LD6I15fuj/r(fl_IT UITIJ(ipti ^fB^
LDirGlsoui'Gso GuiruJff Ga={5ii.
I365ifPuj/T/ri_/T Un!flh (o1fr(5f5i<SB.
h.
Fill in,the blanks using the cues given in parentheses as in the model given
below.
Model: ^fi^^ + era &eoa>^^ê^s,(ff)
^giiijuîx). (post, letter)
(i) t ^? (ordinary post or letter)
(ii) + c% ? (registered post or letter)
(iii) fiiix PlL(5(e/<sb. (stamp)
(iv) fBJ sfULfrtDL/ ISIS- (affix)
(v) ^/fB^LJ uaaii) ep Gufrtr rsja. (hang)
(vi) p(5 QanQfiia. (telegraph form)
Join these words as in the examples.
Example : mnnQ ^sireosmC QeoiLi-n:
<snrffii) êsreoemili Qeuilicfjii)
(i) asbdSjS^rrfiija uihuiriLjA^
(ii) LDaroPiufriTL-ir ufTjjib ^/BjS u/rjrLb
(iii) aifif îa^ un\jih
(iv) arrGlsoiii'Gso tsinQeou^Qeo
(v) ^ i h u ^ u/ruj UjSgJswLJffir
(vi) (rrr(5 Gurr/f
(vii) ^smQemAigf ^nQeni^
(viii) uTiu siOLjffrr
Example : inssirPujTfriif uiryii) ^SJB^ urrijir)
(i) a)jSîr64@ umu(riiJo
(ii) arrrf 6Ufr
(iii) (SB/Tfr @6sr6085Til QeoiliiT
(iv) aBirClsoiij'Gso mnQeouSQeo
(v) LijSg/ uêsr^m
(vi) (fju/rtu smuffrr
(vii) ^smQems^ /BifSlstra
(viii) ^nîfem^ û/rsb uêij^ ûrreo
(ix) ^@j;iJL/m/ Q(r(5(B/
(x) 6T(y)g/(BJ 6pLl(S''5i
i. Fill up the blanks using the appropriate conjugated form (present) of the
verb given in parentheses.
(i) ibnesT aniTQih ^êosmiL QeoiLL-(iT)th (QmQ)
(ii) cS/siisir LDsmPiuniiirf unij(ipih <s;b^ uirtjy^th i^'^)
(iii) ^6u ^^^VLfib ixsawPujrr/fiîi) (^gyuL/)
(iv) jbum (SirGisouJ'Gsuiqm 10(7(0160115060141x1 6ifil@
(v) jBirsir ^fbÂ aeiêmtirQ&DU-fih ^fi^m aeijsmTiiiQeoiLiih
uessTtit (6urr(5/@)
j. Fill up the blank using the appropriate conjugated form (future) of the
veab given in parentheses.
(i) ^611(5 fr(ol60ii5G60 ^jetieogj mirQ60u5G60 (euir)
(ii) jBT6Jr ^^ûtrtfih t9/6bsogj in6Mpujfr/ri_rr urrtjih
(iii) jf mj a^nîT^sm^ ûneb êbeo^ uêtf^ ûneb
(iv) ^ s i i d)6BjB^'r64@ cS^sbeogj ULbufruJ<5(g (cS/gj/uq)
k. Make one sentence out of two sentences, using -a_ii).
(i) ^(BiaS U<B)1'T(5-(olfTf5l.
/ff/5J UjêurcffJ* @6ST60611BTL. C60LLl_(t (olasfrOfBi*.
Lesson 86 / 707
(ii) /f6j ^mTQsms>(ff)A s>nQeou3Qeo eurrriis.
(iii) LDessPiuirrriiT uirîh QairQiiim.
(iv) êudsT i366bi35^^fr6i^(a@LJ Quni^m.
^suesT uihuiiuAû (Jutr(nrf6ir.
(v) /BJ ^ L D U ^ U/TUJ Q(T(5m;6B.
ffm/as u^gjfiinuff/r (o)/T(5nsji3B.
Make one sentence out of two sentences, using êbeoî.
(ii) ^JB^^ {SUfrGlt) asfflJa^^frsiya c5/@UL1lJ^ld.
(iii) (f/EJ û^jîmâv smufffr eh>inihLf eptL(^!iia.
(iv) ^sirarQ65irra(g s/tGIsoilJGso Gurriuff G^îb.
^ssiiTGIssBTao icfTsoui'GeD QuirtuS' Gff^tzi.
(v) ^fEJiSB u^gj snufffr Gli95(T(5'BJ<a-
(vj) ^6!ror(ols5!iT<a5@iJ GuiruJ* GffîL.
^gj /Bi(o)6rr@u Gu/rujff G<f(5U).
(vii) ^fnsjas ^^BjS (o1fr6B(g(i?mjaBTrd ?
(viii) sp(5 ffiff/T Qa5rr(5reiffi.
ep(!T) aseuit Qasir^nsjas.
(i) /ffBia ^6TOT(olMT(gu GurrsTULfTLfava^LJ QunesPriiaenir 7
(ii) fBjds Guff6T0i_ffLf wGso ^6BiT(ol6wr(g<sB (r/f(5
eunmi(^ssfiiiaeniT 7 Â)&:)^ assu/f si/iTmi@6(jfmjab6TTiT ?
(iii) a_fBJ< LD(ol65T6l5'@ if/BJ ST^^QsST UdUJ t)6Sfff lUn-iriIT-
UeiroTÛ/jf f5J<B ?
(iv) ^LJu a_f6jaB asr* sp ^/B^ Gl6Brr(5^^(r er^jsGlsjyr
LDSBlPa^LJ GufTUJff Ga=((5Lb ?
(v) /fnsjas 6U(5Si%a5 66(o1l_#u5'G60 Sfir(f5<S(giJ Gudsif/Eiagrrfr c5(ei)60gj
î.'(p/B'H-L(5<s@LJ GuirnJmjaBsrrfr ?
(vi) mjab ^6WiT(?653T(g LDnQeoaS'Qeo îrsiOL-Âû
Guirnffiiiaerrn 7 ^^fibsogj #6sPLD/T6ij(gu Gu/T(i?(Ej<SB6Tr/r ?
(vii) @LJu /ff&as 6T(ipgj/]5'fEiasTrfT c9/t>so^ ULâ^fryfaaerrfr ?
702 I An Intensive Course
VOCABULARY
in Tamil
GunerviL
ir/i(S>
LDSsaf ujfrift_(t
'post, letter' êbeo^ 'or'
'registered post' erOi_mhi-f 'stamp'
'affix' 6ii(T 'post cover'
'post card' ^meoesisiiL
(ol6UL.i_/T 'inland letter'
'money order' GunifQ 'board'
'hang' QunetOL-
LDirerotii 'post master'
GRAMMAR
21.86.206. In this lesson we again deal with the conjunction. As it is
indicated in the previous lesson the process of conjoining the noun phrases is
same irrespective of their position of occurrence in a sentence. In the follow-
ing examples the conjunctive particle -2_tb is attached to the various objects.
Example :
21. 86. 206. <s(t/t(5lo êsrsosmiL QsoiIi^ld Qanîiia.
(ola5fr/5j.
Note that the conjunction of verb phrases has been already dealt with in 19.80.
21.86.207. ^sbeog/ 'or' is also a conjunctive particle. In the expressions
like LDijQeouS'QeD êbso^ suQsoa^Geo, s^tjfbtrijem^ûneotT ^lebeo^
u^6ij^ûiT60n etc., it indicates that there is an alternative or choice between
the conjoined elements. Example :
21. 86. 207. wnQeou^Geo ^sbso^ rsnrQsTraâ xrrQeouS'Qeo
Sandhi: ^/ j ^ 4- ûuQeo^ffi^^ûnQeo
u0e^ + ûneoiJ û^sij^ûiTeoiT
u^] + suirQ >u^Â anrit
.rS^yJcS +ua&ih -rA^^BjSu uA&Lb (Refer S.4 in 1.2)
GuijiU + Cff(5U5^GuiTiuA Gffcîi (Refer S.32 in 17.69)
UNIT 21
LESSON 87
j_ -
WITH THE PORTER
DIALOGUE
GufrfTLLL-fT : a_(ijc35(ST5<B(g^ Q^fP-
lurr^ritsenrr ?...ej G ^ IT
Ljfr/t^gj* (o) as (5 fBJ as.
:^(fiyGugj ij'sTriTL-Ufrtr^-
gyGsu sTfjiSiJ u <s as LD
ffdLD/rQsffi Qiusbsufrii)
STjna.^ 6S)S1J<KaS^HLD ? -
Look ! Porter, you have to bring all
these things to the sixth platform.
Howmuch porterage do (you)
demand ?
Don't you know (it) sir ?....Give as
you please, sir. On which side of the
sixth platform (you) want (me) to
offload your luggage ?
You have to offload (my) luggage
either near the tea stall or the book
shop. (I) will give two rupees ; Will
it be sufficient ?
^Qeoiuitbxi^ L^sroâa
(o)i_.a(gLJ Uisa^gjGfiO-
luneu^ ffT/D< snsvA&
Qa / r ^ a ^ G f D SJ r ;
QunnCiir ; u^ît^ms&. QifemQ
6^(5 Gejajdevjiflrei), sp
âogjnsja....
(tp@U O U T UJ IT 6U
Sr^îjih : (tp@i; Qjufuj Q [T (r LD u
^libu^ mnffr Qa(7(5a(5-
Cu/riTL-ifr ; ^si^GlsofBya. ah. i_-
sT^yju^îLngar ffi n- a= d -
G60LLL_fr ?
Gu/rffL-L_/f: ffiPujiT^Q.sffiijQeOfE/a.
jBfTgyaairsugj ^ n ^
m^îjih ; QîfLdaAsr .... ÂSI^LCIT
(TLDi T Glein'GlujgbeUfr li)
g/raatJufT.
GufriTL_L_ff : ffiPffija.
DRILLS
a. Variation dril l
21. 87. 208. îiT)AS &jsmu^ jbirÂairsu^ /B/rgj/ u^Â&neu^
6U{5(Eia.
ti- sfot-fTâ^LJ uaagjGsoujfrsii^ L/srOjsaa
a(oli_a(gu uaa^gj Geouj fTsugj sr^nadS csisu.
21. 87. 209. /ffmja ( t p ^ ou/ruj/rsugj (o1afr(5>(Eia.
Not enough, sir. (You see), there
are two suitcases, one trunk, one
holdall and one basket...Please give
(me) atleast three rupees.
Three rupees (porterage) is too much
(I) will give fifty paise more.
No, sir. (You) give (me) atleast
seventyfive paise more.
Alright. Is the Trichy bound train
late ?
(I) don't know it exactly, sir. (It)
will come at four or four ten.
It is the time-Take all the things
quickly.
O. K, sir.
Lesson 87 / 705
b. Build up drill
(i) ^<!t)F S euemu^ ^frgyaafrsug;
IBiTÂaiTeu^ (B/i@2J u^gja-
afreug/
â^ sueiiimcj.
(ii) la. stuifrffli5B(gLJ uaa^gjGa)
UJfrsugj L/sroâa a(o)(_a(giJ
uaa^gjGeoiijiTsugj STCOAS
sinsu.
ernja.^ smeu
iffi. 6fci_Tg}ja@iJ uaa^gjGet)
OJ/Tsu^ Ljsroâa a(olL_a(gu
u a a ^ G SDOJ Qjgj
(iii) jf mia (ip^ u/mjirsugj
(o)a/r(5fBja.
Qafr(5(Bja
(iv) ^mjffi 6T(Lpu^ûj(ff5a- afr<yfr-
6ugj GlajT(5mja.
(o)a/Tn5/a
sTftpu^ûjjga afraiTsugi
;f (Eja
c. Expansion drill
(i) ^ÂS eusaiiTir). eu^mja.
;Bfrg2iafrsugi /sngj; u^gja-
arrsug/ su^/aa
(ii) ;f iBJa (olaiTmja.
(iii) /ffEja QanQriis,,
6T(LpLJ^ÛJ(g5a afTff/TSU^
Glafrraja
Lj^giaa/Tsugi 6iJ(5(EJa.
611(5 fEJ
,;BT@Jjaa/r6i;gj /BTgjj u^âa/rsi/gj
6i/(f5rEia
^ a ^ si/SBirru). fBfrgJjaa/rcugj /Bfr@?j
u ^ ^ aafTS i/^ ii/ffj/EJa-
11. srDi_frg2/a(gLJ uaa^gjGsi:)
uaa^gjGcoiu/rei)^ erpAS emeu.
erjpAS esjeii
ts. stoi_frg2;a(giJ uaa^gjGau
ujireu^ L/sruâa aQi_a@u
uaa^gjGsoiu/TSugj ernja.^ emeu.
/ f fBja iP@U uiTUjfrsDgj (olafr(5''5Ja.
(olafrgmia
;f reia e5'-"f"-"f6wJ Glarr^/Eja.
; f fsja STftpu^îiJiejffr afrarrsugj
Qa(T(5i(Eja.
Qafr(5fBJffi
er^LfU^ûJiega- a/rafreiigj
Qa/T'BJa
;f mia CTftpu^ûLH^ja aira/rsi/^
GlafrOfSja.
^((5<?# 61)6BiFTlI}. 61/(/5fEJa.
^(fffAS 6U6OTTU). ffifrgj/aa/isugi /B/rg^j
u^Âaireu^ 6U(fT)iiia.
jEmia (olafr(5''EJa.
;f (iia (tp^)l u/rujfrsDgj (oiafi^fEia.
; f fEia (o)a/T(3imj.
(olafr(5f5ja.
706 I An Intenrve Course in Tamil
(i) Q: ersijsijsirsij ii.a9 GaaigCifD ?
(ii) Q: d^fnjsugj Lferr/TLLuiTtr^gjClsD 6t;bû uaaiL
aîtmnQesfQiuQêonih srpAS eweuaa^m ?
A : ifi. 6n;t_rTg2/@LJ uaa^gjCSsDuj/reugj L/6ro^<B
(iii) Q: QifemQ u/ruj <ol/T(5a(gGfDS5r, QUn^mn ?
A : u^^frgjiE/as...- sp u^rfrii^, Q\jem(Q ^LLGasfu, sp
Gsifl3(T6bl_(T6b, 6^(5 <9h-<ol L_ ^^(ggjfHias. (y3@)/
e.. Substitution drill
(i) /BTg2j(TfflLi^ îT@2J u^gja-
noun accordingly.
(ii) ;fffijffi (tp^y uiTiu/T6ugj
noun accordingly.
(iii) t^-jr's;.
Substitute
65)U
(StmneOi_neo
ds/reug;/ suûi.
/fi/rgjjaa/reugj /bt@j/ gûgja
arrsugj 61/(51x1.
(BTg2y6G/r6i/gj ^Birga (ipijugja-
a/rsi/gj 61/(51X1.
/Birg2i'S/r6i/g/ /Bffg^j (BULJugja-
<a/r6i// 61/(51X1.
(B(rQ2/''r6i/^ jBirgy c9jLbugj-
/761Jg| 611(51X1.
/f/5J gp@y U/TIU/TSl/^ (ol/r/EJ.
/?f5i<S Ctp@y ffi/ra=IT6UgJ (ol<g5/T(3>fEJ.
/SfBJ 5p@y Sinuap/T611IT611^ Q/r/Bi<35.
SiDU.
GenDTsbineb.
^gj i_i<s1a.
<9h.QL_.
Lesson 87 / 707
(i) iis_ srl)i_(rg2J'S@LJ UiSds^gjGso
L/sfuâa <gbS3)i_a(gLJ uAas,-
^(if)AS euemi^. ^rrgjja
6VJ(5Lib.
61/(51X1.
su!7@ULb.
^ f i ^ A a=/7LDir(ol6OT 6T(5^gj
<:S/ix)Ug/ aiTft Qas/rQ/Ejffi.
eT(ipu^ûj(ff5* 6Gir*
<ol<s5/r/Ei<g5.
^;b^ îlGaQGYO^
g/raauu/r.
cS/fB^ uf-jriEjGlajS âauuir.
EXERCISES
g. Fill in the blanks using the cues giyen in parentheses as in the model given
below.
Model : îB^<J= + 6T sT^gisu(r^m. (things)
@^â */rii3ir<olsr CT^^êiiprîX).
(i) iS 6Tsijsi/6rrGi^ Gaa(g(3/D ? (porterage)
(ii) GTiBjSiJ uaaix) airixiirGlsisfGlujebeo/TLb aa^j/tb ?
(offload)
(iii) (olfTCiiifT gju/TUJ iBja. (not sufficient/enough)
(iv) eptrf) (trunk)
(v) (olfsiraT (suitcase)
(vi) 6^(5 (holdall)
(vii) 6p(5 (basket)
(viii) fipî/ u/riij Q(ririx>Lj (much)
(ix) ^ i b u ^ aira (Dla/ra(gG/D6ffr (more)
(x) ibrfsir ^ i h u ^ !o)/ra(g(3/D6ir. (paise)
(xi) ÂSijLSia oîTLOirQetsTQujebeoiTih (take)
im. 6fi)i_/7gj/a@LJ uaa^gjGeu-
uj/rei/gj Ljsfuâa a(olL_<5B(gtJ
uaa^gyGeouj/rsi/gj sr/nadi
s!n6i/aa@)jix).
^(TffA^ 61/61IBT/XJ. /Birgâafreiigj /Birgy
Utsgjaa/rei/gj 61/(51x1.
^^â a/TLD/rGlssruj/TGi/^ c9j;Bâ=
a/TLD/TQeOTUJ/rallgJ 6T^gJ 61/(J@ULb.
cS/txiug; a/Tff/rsi/gj ST(ipi_j^ûj(g5a
a/ra/rei/gj (olairi5ja.
^fi^ ^LlGasTOujiTei/^ c9(fB^
iij.7(Bj(olauj/r6i/gj gjraauunr.
h. Join these words as in the examples.
Example : rtiTÂ^ ^/r@2/ LJ^g;ig
finÂsrreu^ i Bfr@2J u^gjaairsugi
(i) la. snJi_fr@2/*@ têiOâA a{olL_(g
(ii) iSsnrriLurrijr^^Geo aQL-a3(Seo
(iii) uîjiii^ a^Qi-
(iv) s^ninirQesT tq.^mtQs
(v) ^6UÂ^ 6ii
(vi) 6T65r<S(g Gu(rfrLLi_(5@
(vii) aGliui^Gsouy^/Bgi uj/rfraQdSLL^GsoctP^fBgJ
(viii) ^suQm êuQefr
(ix) aem^sB)Q60 air^nQeo
(x) ^6U(5Jll(oll_ ÎI(!T)SCQL- >
i. Make one sentence out of two sentences, using -êugi.
j(5 61/S0JT(}. IblTUUÂ^ SU(5U).
(ii) ^GljSiJ ti'sjT/Ttlun'jr^gjGso erpAS ensusiSsûLb.
^Glû L/sfoâa aGlt-ui'Gso sTjoai^ eneuaaîi).
(iii) tij.(7iBj(ola^ gffa(g.
@jBâ ai.(Dli_(o1uj^ g/ra(g.
(iv) ^liis c9/tnLjgj aTa arr/E/a.
mj 6t(tpucSûj;g5a arra Q(r(5(Eia.
(v) jf fffriDfrQan-a Glades'.
' ^ GfUonAiL-nQsoA Q&uQ.
(vi) a_rEiaiST5@<a QjsrPiL/inT ?
c9/6U(!5a@^ QîPiLiirnT ?
Example : (|tp@)/) ûiriuirai^ u/riu + Adv. Deg.
(i) (eT|ipu^jiU(âj arra + Adv. Deg. :
(ii) an-LDirGlsffr + Adv. Deg. :
(iii) GsimiT6bu.nQeo + Adv. Deg. :
(iv) a_(Bia(ST5a@ + Adv. Deg. :
(v) iSemTL-UfTi;r^^G60 + Adv. Deg. :
(vi) ^(5a.â@ + Adv. Deg. :
Lesson 87 / 709
(i) S-isiaSiLQi Ga)rr6i3i_frGi) â^îr ?
(ii) jruffibCeu sfDGi_6i%65TG6VJ _fBi<ss a=/riin@u@LJ Gufrfrtliff
(iii) s_isj<s a=rrLD/r(o)65r Gu(J/rL-i_/T STJBjGa erpa.^
sinsuaa/rcir ?
(iv) jBfrGlsrra^ffi ffijrGlsoiij'GeoujTSugj tcnfQsoui'GeouJiTsu^
(v) jSiiia ^simQessTAaneu^ rbirQefrAarrsu^ eresrAû u^gu
uduj QaBfriSiULf/BjaGrrfr ?
(vi) ^tsjs, jbnQerrAaaev^ ^^^li u/ri_^Qû uirj.iJd'fEjdBsirfr ?
(vii) fff/EJa 2_fEJ @y);6<o)^<B(g sp ailQiUJfrGVjgy si/(rm/@6if(EiiS,
^6t)G60 ?
V O C AB U L AR Y
Gufr/TL-iff
G R AMMAR
'porter' a/TLD/rsor
'bring' la. srui_fr6b
'offload ^L-Gacro
'not sufficient' GsuD/rsOL-ZTsb
'(steel) trunk' sT(ipu^ûj(gia
'basket' ai-Si?
'take'
'things, luggage'
'tea stair
'suitcase'
'holdall'
'seventyfive'
'porterage'
21.87-208. -c^sugj is a homophonous form which has three meanings in
Tamil.
(i) As a kind of conjunctive particle it is used with every word of a
sentence to express the meaning of 'alternative'. Example :
21. 87. 208. ^(!f,AS euemu^ jBTgJjaafreugj u^gjaaneu^
ifi- sri)L_(rg2;a(giJ uaajSgjGeouuircug) qefoâa
a(olL_a@LJ 'uaacS^Geouj/rsi/g; srpAS emeu.
Semantically, these sentences are similar to the following sentences.
^(!T)AS euemu^ ^Bfrgya cS/suswg/ ^ n ^ u ^ ^ A ^ eu(ff)mja.
IS- 6foi_(rg2ja@tJ uaagiGeo c9j6t)60g; ujeioâA aQi_a@iJ
uaa^gjGeo sTpaif sincu.
Like the conjunctive particle
sentence.
ih this is also added to every word of a
770 / An Intensive Course in Tarnil
(ii) As a particle -dîsug/ means 'atleast' when it is added to any
word in a sentence.See the following examples.
21. 87. 209. $mia (tp^ ufrujirsugj Qa!r($mi&.
(iii) As an ordinal marker -c^sugj is added to cardinals (Refer 1.7)
Sandhi : a_nu66(6i5@ +QîPiuaîiiaemr ;>a_fE/<g5^@(S
12- 6T0L_fr^(g + uaa^^Gsoujirsug) Jie- 6ft)L_irgj/@tJ
uaa^gjGsuuj/revjgj (Refer S.18 in 2.14)
L/sfOjSati -f d5(oli_ 7H-/6T0^ (o)i_ (Refer S.2 in 1.1)
qefoâ + (o)l_ ^q6fOiS<ss (Refer S.4 in 1.2)
uaffiiSgjCJeo + c^sugiûaBas^^GsOiufrsii^
4- c9/uuir ^ff/PujLJuir (Refer S.8 in 1.5)
ffiPujir + Gl<s(PuJ<ol6Dm)<s5âîPtuiT^ QîftuQeomia (Refer S.21 in 3.20)
UNIT 22
LESSON 88
ARRANGING A TRIP TO AZHAHARKOIL
DIALOGUE
eon ton ?
a-^jSiTUJ ; fp .' {S/rjrfrsTrLDfrLJ Gu/r*
SU/ TLD .... IT (ol 60 a5 G 60
6pLbu^LD6!raP(g ep c5
uero â^gJ. /B fr in
i/).U6ffr F rr u lL t_
a_l_G6i!T UefOStOt-IT 61151
ffi@Lj G u fT G Gu nr li.
t^y/BtSU ueroGeo Guir
U^gJLD6B5Pa(g tS/jpaiT
mQeo Go'ijeciTih. ^yiair
Sir, shall we go to Azhaharkoil
tomorrow ?
Oh ! (We) shall go by all means-
There is a bus at nine o'clock in
the morning. As soon as we finish
eating our tiffin, let us go to the bus
stand. If (we) go by that bus, we
will reach Azhaharmalai at ten
o' clock. There is a temple on the top
of the Azhaharmalai. We will finish
eating our lunch while going to that
temple.
QairuSA) Sem(S. c9y/Bia
CJmij'g2;@LJ Guitff)
GUITG^ jblTin !T u-
uittLQi (tpiq-Aaeoiih.
ftCjrffl^ : u^QeouSGeo GenDiriLiAi
CT^siîi) (ol(olL_uj/r^fr ?
arjBjSUii) : GlaGliujfrgj. ^î^Qeo
r^nLD UGTDSYOifrsiroT(5<i(gu
(Ju/T(D 3= LD UJ ^ (3 60
^(iJ/raiTîi), Lj6TPa=/r^LD,
6T6b60(rti5 8u/rmjJ
Qaireair^GuiraeoiTii).
iDGIeoofGeo ep cSycjei?
S2_61(!IT(9. cS//B^ =9)(5S'-
(oluju GuTuJ* G (5 p
6u(o1(roii) ^(r<S!r<o)ûj/T
@(5aB@)jLb. LoQeoiiJ'Geo
(5 i_ fEf _ ssJT (gi.
U)/rGi60uJ'G60 fBTg2/tD6!Wp
euQu u}G)eoa3Geo aQeiru
unêsT QurD(^ îbu-
eonih.
SrGije)^ : ffiPnua. ^ IT QGTT A ^ A
snQeouSGeo 6TLLL-QI^
inessPAi^ uefOefOiirem-
G60 ff^ûGuiTih. fiiTsir
euipuu ib7<3'iLiujiTQeviLftb
c9((o){p# 6uGp6ffr. ;B(T65r
6i;!rL-(5''Eia6rrfr ?
s^^îjih : eijrTmi&.
Is there no hotel on the top of the
hill?
Yes, there is no (hotel on the top of
the hill). So while we go to the bus
stand we will buy curd bath,
tamarind bath, bajji etc., and take
with us. There is a stream (on the
top of the hill). (We) should be
very carefijl in the hill till we reach
the stream. There are thieves in the
hill. After taking rest till four
o'clock in the evening in the hill we
will return.
Alright, sir. (We) will meet in the
bus stand tomorrow at eight thirty
in the morning. I will bring Narasa-
iah also when I go over there. Shall
I take leave of you, sir ?
Please do.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
22. 88. 210.
G&iTuS'Â(û GuiTPo GufrGjS ;Birin OÎTUUITL-QL-.
qpuÂmeoiTih.
[bUiD u6fo 6foi_T6BiiTa(gu Gunp idujjS^Ggo
û3iT3'iTîh GTebcoiTLD 6ii(rnsj(3B60JrLb.
c9/jp(TG/Tid'(Sl60iJ GuiTiuA G*(f5(D cLiGljraîr)
g^nASijQûjiT @(!5a@)/ii.
Lesson / 713
22. 88- 211. ;BfftD iq.u6sr fffruLfLLi- S3-I-GSST ueio erviiremQ
@LJ Gu/rGSDITLb.
LDfrQsoujiGso aQenuungtiesT Qup@ îrdjGa
eii/rsodtb.
22. 88. 212. c5(tp(T inQsw J'oJ'Gso sp Gas/roi'su a-eoir.
inQeouJ'Gso û-fa/a a_BST.
b. Build up drill
(i) GirtL?g2j@u Gu/T[D GurrG^
^BJTLD #(7LJU/Tl1(d1l_
(tptq-adS 60(7 til.
{yiii)-60(ni
ff/TUUfriKoiL-
Gufr/oGuirG^
Gasmifgya
(ii) <:S((p'r Ganfii5(o)6ou GunuJA
G<?(!5(D6u<ol!ra@ii) ^fr<d5(7-
gg/TSBidSjrQiaujiT
G9^(rf)(p euQijA^w
GuniLi
^\pmnGmnuS(oeo
(iii) ^/rsir su/duu /b?*uJuurr-
Qsinmh ^Gljpaai- euGpeir.
6VjG(D65I
;B (T ff tUUJ IT (oloD IL/li)
6U(DUU
JBT65r
Ga(Tui'g2/<a@tJ GuirpGuirG^ iBfrtn
yiruu/TtlGlL. (tpiq-aaeoiTUD.
(LpK)-<3B60irtb
tf/ruufru-Qi (jpuj-isaeoirtb
^BfTiT) ff/TULjirLL(o)i_ ûfisaeoiTii)
GuitidGuitG^ ;btld ffirLJU(TLL(oli_
(iptl).<S60(TLD
G<35ffii?g2/@LJ Gud/oGuirG^ ;btld
(9:/tuuitlL(o1(_ |iptq.<a60/ni).
<:9({p<55ri-G/Tui'(o)60iJ GuiTUJj G#(i5iD
6u(ol(T<i@Lb ^tAStfQ^tun
^(i5@ULb.
ggiT<fi!r(ol^tufr ^(5ii(5î/Lb
Gurrujj G<9=(5(d 6uQ7igtri
^(TdBcdijrGljSUJrr âa^yib
tSljpaiT GaiTui'Gleou Guiriu*
Ga=(i5(D 6u0(f*@Lb ggirasisBirGlûjrr
jBi TSBT eufljuu iBirffuJuJ/TGIsucqii)
^Q^pjsr GuGjD65r-
6uGfDSJr
^Qjp#3v- suGiDsir
ibfjeF iuiurrQeiULjih ^(ol{p#*
suCiD6sr
eiiiouu jbuîLnurrQeuiLiLb tSjGlyjff*
6uG/D65r
(iv) i>QeOii3Qeo aQetTUUiTêsr
GlijfDis^ ^litGa eui^GOnih.
aGlsiruujTgj/DiJT
inQ60u3Geo
(v) c9/y3d LDQe0ii9G60 ^(fjimia
ffl[_6B!rr.
rSiifimiT inQsoii^Geo
iiQsou3Geo aQenuurrQim (O1u/d@
^liiGm eu^reoirih.
euij eonih
^liiGa suiêoiTih
G)urn^ ^mjG fiujreudti)
aGlsmJufrgjjssr QufD'g ^liiGm
u:iQeou3Geo aQerruudpssr Qufo^
<(f5L.IEiffi a_6siiT
^jpaiT LnQeou3Geo îfBia
a_65i!r.
c. Expansion drill
(i) /BfTtn sufreOfTti).
^fdiGas eutjeoijih
sQsTTUungjiSfrQur 3
(ii) nS.Tlfi aj.7,'5;a56Df7il.
6T6bsD/TLb eUlTfildSSIIrTLC)
(iii) ^(Tssr ^(ol(pa= euGpsir.
rbij'fLLnuirQsiitLfLh c9(G1jp<9=*
suG(D6ffr
^f7U3 SU/TSD/TLD.
rbiTLD aQoTriJu/Tgysffr (olufrj
^(iiGm euijeoiTih.
IdtTLD eurriiiaeoiTih.
ibiTLD erebsoiTih euiTiijmeoinh.
rbrrin Û3IT s'lrîh srebeonih
euirriiasonth.
rbiTLD uek) fOL_/T6iraT(gu Gurrp
3'inuj^^Geo û3n fffT^tb erebeoiTih
eunmimeorrih.
jbTsir cSlGljpffav euGpeir.
euGpsar.
(BTsir 6U(Duij fftrffuJiun'Qsi/iL/ixi
csyfoljpjsv fiuG/Dsar.
(i) Q; srOfT/f, ^TQ6ir(g c9/{p(f Gaffiiygj/asû Gu/rassOfTLC/r ?
A : ^ .' ^rrijiTeTTLDiTLj Guirssomii.
(ii) Q : LoQsuii^Gsij GsiajirLLieb srgjsi/Lb <o)<3B(o)i_uj/T^fr ?
A : (olQL_uj/rgj.
Lesson 881 715
(iii) Q: j6(T6sr su^Ct^mskerrn ?
(i) cSJSpaBiT QsnTuSQeou Cu(ruJ<y
Substitute
GuiT^
(ii) /sfftn ii).u6sr ffripiS'iLi
2_L_C65r LJ6Y0 6Yt>i_jrsiiirT(Si(gtJ
Gi-irrGeiKrtn.
Substitute
(iii) C(ru5'@2;@Li GufffoGufrgj
ffTULft_60frtD.
verb accordingly.
sun
L/fDUU
<3ff((5P euSlja^ti) ggnad^jrGljSUjir
^jpait GffiduJ'Glsou GuiTuJff
^{pmiT GmrmSQeou GuiruJA
^y)<K/TG(rui'G)ou Gu/ruJ*
G*(!5(DLiu gQifASijOi^tua
/B(ru3 trj-ueir fffruLPiliSL-tQesr
ueru srOLfresirâBîJ Gu/iGsudiL.
6roi_d6iwr@iJ Gu/rGeiJdii.
Ganu3Â(9)<Lj QuirroGuir^
ffnuiS'ieoinli.
Gdui'g2y<gu q(DU_i(5/DGtjfrgi
a^dULfL^sUdLb.
G(adtL?@2;<B@ QaembqdjGiJdgj
S=dUL?l_V)dll.
Gda5@2j(g .:9/@uuqpGud^
<3fduii'i_0dii.
j6dU3 ffdil/LJilL. a_i_Gfi5r
GudGsUffLD.
(iv) jBdU) ffdtJLS'LLi a_i_065r
GudGsudtb.
, verb suitably.
aGlsmJudajj ^dLD aGkiTuudgiiiSffr S-iQem
GudGsudtb.
etiiT
(v) LoQfiOitS'Geo g>(5 QsnuSsb
Substitute
(i) ^din CBrru5g2/(gLf
GufrGsufTLD.
ûGudgJ ^dlD af(ILJL?l_-
;BT6ir sucjGojsBT.
(ii) ibireir su^Gsusar.
fBTiD GarrtLPgya^LJ
GufrGfiUTii).
^ ] B ^ j ffinnj^^Geo jBfrirj
(iii) (Bffus snuunCQt-
(ipu).iJGufrii).
LoGlsouJ'Geo âaso/rii).
^fTLD afolsmJufrpGeiKTLb.
LoSsoui'GsD âasofrii.
(iv) /B/TLD usro sfO!_ITsai(T(5*@iJ
GufrGsufrm.
GUfrfBJassOfrLD.
^nin 6ufi^ a_i_G65r Gu/rGsi/fftb.
rfiiTLD @i;:}. <j=a= a-L-Gsiir GunGeuirih.
fBrrixi 6u/TfBj(g6ST S-U-GSUT
Gu/rGsu/Tti).
icGleou^Gsu sp GarruJ'si) susiiiiT-
LDfolsoaJGeo sp siJ S-ssirr.
LDQeouS'Geo epî^ u6hefPA3h.i.ih
LDQ60U9G60 4^(5 G(T(_j5rLb a_iiifr.
inQsDii^Gso 6^(5 asobgj/riP a-cnirr.
u)(o)6t)(i?G6t) LDa/rsb L_ssirr.
r^TLn GaBffuJ'g2J(g(J GuirpGuir^
ff/rLiLyiCOlTU).
( Bf TGW sijpGufTgj fB?r#uJiu(r(oluiqLb
^Q(pff* euGpear.
rbneir euro ffwuj^^Geo csytoljpJav
euGrDSor.
^rnn Gmnu3Â(QU Guirpo
ffLDiLi^gjGso a=/nJu/rLL(o1i_
QfiuÂaêOint.
rbiTLO a^nuuiriLQi (Lpuî^rD
euQi/Aîh LfiQeouS'Geo ^.aassuffti.
LoQsoui'Gsv) Âassufni).
GuirroLJU û5ff o'lTîh sumiimeoirih.
Lesson 88 / 777
ff/nJL5'i_60(nij.
6U(7r6ia61)(TLb.
jbiTiD ii)-U65r a=,7uii'LLi_ a_L_GoSin-
usYU sfui_(T6w(5(S@u GufrGfiuirti).
^dLD Casffiii'gj/aigiJ Guiresr
SiQesT <y(TiJu/TLL(o!f_
(y3U}.60/Tub.
JBULD inQeouSGeo aQerruun^-
Geunih.
^ U U (BTLD !S=(TLJLS'L_6UfrL0.
(v) ^(TLD GasiTofgaja^LJ
Gu/rCsi/frLb.
QuroQ) jbTLD ff/iuLyLeo/rib.
jBisJT 6v/(5Gei;6ST".
(vi) rbnLD iq-ueir ffffULJ^GnjfTm.
a_L_G63T /BfTin UCfUfifUL-frSMT-
<B(gtJ Gu/rGsufTLD.
;DTU3 GdBffoi'gj/aîJ
GuirGeunih.
2_'_G6OT JBTtn ffffUUITL-Gll
EX ER CI SES
below.
Mcdel; ^jfisfrioQeo + ^Gso sp GaiTu3eb
S-sm(S (top)
^{paifujQsD aAûSGso ep Garrui'su S-emQ-
(i) usfu 6foi_friraTa@L/ Guijp suiriiiaeoirih.
(at the time of)
(ii) jBfTU) aeoiTih. (take)
(iii) + ^Gso âî-.riim ssmQ. (hill)
(iv) LDQ60U3Q60 SL-eiiin(p. (thieves)
(v) iBQeouSGeo (be)
(vi) fBTLD sur Qu(D@ euijeomh. (take rest)
(vii) (B/ TUD aQerruu/TgysffT eujrso/Tii. (after)
(viii) fBfrsffr rbfd'iuujnQeii + Gpsir. (britig)
Example : Gurp Gurr + Rel. Part.
(i) ff/TUL? + Rel. Part. :
(ii) Gffc5 + Rel. Part. :
(iii) + Rel. Part. :
(iv) Qfiu^ + Rel. Part. :
(v) QaiQi- + Rel, Part. :
Example : aQflnjuirgjjssr asQsrruufrp + Rel. Part,
(i) 6Ufr/Ei@ + Rel. Part. :
(ii) (oliTi!iwGunr + Rel. Part. :
(iii) ff/B^ + Rel. Part. :
(iv) 6U(T + Rel. Part. :
(v) ^Gljp + Rel. Part. :
(vi) (ipir}. + Rel. Part. :
i. Make one sentence out df the two sentences, using Q u n ^ .
(i) ;BITLD Ga5/7ui'g2/(gL/ GunGeunih.
(ii) finiD uefo srt)(_d6ii5T(5@u GurrGffunLb,
ûGuiT^ finin â9iT a^rrîb eviriiiaeoitth.
(iii) (B(T65T sij(5G6uir.
(iv) jBfrLD ^(p/7 GsrruSQeou GuiruJA Ggfr^Gsumh.
(v) /Bfrsjr mirQeouS'Geo su^Gsi/ssr.
ûGuffgj /B/TiD a'^ûGunih.
j. Make one sentence out of the two sentences, using ffiniUiS^Geo.
(i) jBiTssr 6i/(5G6ii6Br.
ffuG/DSiJT
(ii) (BTiD ^fpi55/fG<35fru5(ol60iJ GuniuA G^^Geufrii.
^/B^ff .<?LDUj^gjG60 /BffLo gg/racîjGltsujJT âa^yti).
(iii) /B/Tii3 Ga/ro^gyAû Gu/rGsufni.
^/BiZff ffinuj^^Geo /BTID a=nrtJLj(7LL(o)i_ (yji).a<B60/ni).
(iv) /BirsBT ^miGa su^Gsussr.
^(BjSff ffLDUJ^g/Gso /Bffsjr s_fs;66 SI?LL(5@ euGpsir.
k. Make one sentence out of the two sentences, using suQysîh.
(i) ^/TLD rSHpan Gsnu3Qeou GunOJA Gs'^rffGevnih.
(ii) jbiTin aîTUuniLQi (tptq-uGumh.
(iii) /Bfftn ^liS'fffffrîi) sTGiJsoffii) sun-mj^Gsufriii.
Lesson 88 / 719
(iv) [biTLD aQenuuiT^Qeunih.
^êuQîiîh rbrrm inQeouS'Geo âasoirti).
1. Make one sentence out of the two sentences, using îju.
(i) rb!T6ST eu(rf)Qeiim.
(ii) ibirin ^[pair Qaiiu9Q60u Qunius' Gff^Geu/rtn,
(iii) (BTU3 L/STD 6foi_fr6iraT(5i<s5@LJ GunCEeunih.
^ u u rtniD ûJ'/rff/r^LD eunriiasomh.
(iv) ^nruD anQeouSiQeo aQenuun^GeiiiTtii.
(v) yBfrsJr uek) eioi!Tem(Âi^ su^Gsusir.
KSIUU rbULD y^BûGufTii).
m. Make one sentence out of the two sentences, using i_i_Gfisr.
(i) fiiTin isf-usir a'lTULS'QQsuiTih.
SL-GesT fitTW usio sioi_iT6mQaû GuirQeurrib.
(ii) ibTLD GsnuSepiAû GutrGeunih,
(iii) fiiTiB uek) erviiremQAiû GunGsvirih.
si_i_G65r nbnu^û3iT^nfiih srebeoiTih eiJirmimsoiTih.
(iv) (fiiTLD c9/{piSd GaiTuSQeou GuirtuS^ G^^Geu/rtb.
(v) fBTsir LDdQsoiij'Gso ^(5JG SU^GSUSBT.
2i_L_G6ffr /BTsir S-faas nJilCpa suGrDsir.
n. Make one sentence out of the two sentences, using (oIu(D@.
(i) /B1LD 10(016005060 sQenuun^GeuiTih.
Quro^ IbTiD ^mjGa euijeomh.
(ii) RBITLD G<B/Tui'gji(gu GurrGeunih.
Qup^ IbTLD <y/rLJL?i_60/rir).
(iii) îreir ei/^GeusisT.
(iv) ^(TLD û3ii3'rrîh erAieonih eunmiaeorrth.
(olu{D(g ^(Tin uefo ervu.iTemQa@u Guiraeoirih.
(v) ^(TLD 10(0)6005060 aQerTuuir^GeiiiTLb.
Qup(Q usio sroiiT6WT(Si(Q euijfeoinh.
720 I An InienAve Course in Tamil
o. Select the right case form and use it in the blank.
S{F Su3Qeo, fii^ffiuiuiTQsu, Gaiiu3Âi^
fffTuu/nlQu., LaQeou3Geo.
(i) jBTin îfisiT GuTso/riiT ?
(ii) tS<{pff 'olsoao GanruS'eb a_6iwr(5i
(iii) fB/rin (ipii).<x<sseun'Li.
(iv) ^(!r)i_mia SL.emQ.
(v) ^neJr r^Slipffsi^ eyGpssT.
p. Join the folio ^'ing according to the sandhi rules.
(i) a_<9=# + ^ G e o :
udGIso + ^Geo :
airQso + ^Geo :
(ii) ffinujtn + S-Geo ;
^rrîh + O-Geo :
(iii) ffi!j9iLHun + ST :
q- Answer these questions.
(i) fBja ingjQ[r@u Gunpuu ^y^mrrGanuS'Âiû
Gu(T6ifminr/r ?
(ii) fiisia ûSjp ui^ffff SL-L-GssT erêsr QîueSmta ?
(iii) a_fEiffi(Sr5(g^ ^lii'/rff/rîii L?i<).(gi)/r ?
(iv) ^mim s!f)tDg,(r5(g su/BsStJi-i a_fBj<s5 mGlssrsiS'Slujiqub ^Qyj
(v) ^miGau3(iT)^^ Guiresr Glupig î^jp apLSûiSmiaerriT ?
(vi) ;f/Bj<s6 aarîjaBigij Gurrp *ujiu^giGso a_(Eja5 @{p((o1<s@
(vii) sj_mja asij^Gso îreja a_6wri_/r ?
(viii) a_fBj 6I?LL(5G60 G^friliti) a_6ain-i_(T ?
(ix) /ffmja jr/r^^/P sr^^Glssr LossffP ffuQjr ui4.tJL?mjffi ?
V O C AB U L AR Y
' peak, top' ' finish'
ffUDUJui)
' time' ' curd'
' cooked rice' ' curd bath'
L/srP
' tamarind' qerPff/ rîi) ' tamarind bath'
'bajji' ' thieves'
aGl sTTLJuf rp 'take rest* ' afterwards'
' bring' 'be'
' stream'
Lesson 88 I 721
G R AMMAR
22.88.210. This unit deals with the adverbial clauses which stand in adver-
bial relationship to the main clause of the sentence. These adverbial clauses
in Tamil are constituted by the relative participle and the adverbial particles.
This combination, in general denotes time, manner, purpose etc., depending
upon the particles that are attached to the relative participles.
In this lesson we are mainly concerned with the adverbial clause of time.
There are two kinds of adverbial clause of time in Tamil.
(i) To indicate time, the particles such as Gu/rgj 'at the time of gîDiuih
'at the time of evQij&tîh 'until' and ,îju 'at the time of are
attached to both present and past realative participles. Example : ,
22. 88. 210. Ganu3Â<û Gutrp GunG^ /BITLD s^fTUuniLQi
(LfiUf-AaeoiTih.
/BfrLD usfu 6n)i_fr6BijT(5(gu Gurrro <f LDiu^g/Geo
îLpffff/TjSLb sTsbeOfrLb eunriiaeomh.
r^KpmiiGaiTuSQeOu GumuA G ^ ^ J D ffuQifA(îh
ggiraSijQûjiT ^.aa^ti).
fBffeJT sujDuu (BiTffuJujfrGleuiqti) cSjGljpff* euGpassr.
(ii) The particles such as Si-iGesr 'immediately' and Glup 'after' are
always attached to the past relative participle to indicate time.
Example :
22. 88, 211. innQeouS'Gso aGlemJufrgyssr Quro^ ^liiGs
euiêonfth,
(BTuo Uf-ueir <9'ITUL9LLL- a_i_G6sr usfo sfuizreiiiT
AigfU GuirGsutTih.
22.88.212. s_tmQ 'be' is a defective verb. It denotes the existence of a
person or a thing. Example :
22. 88. 212. ^âninQeo S-g= û3Geo epar, GairuS'eb a-snir.
Sandhi : Gffi/rui'gjjao +GurrmeoiriniT ^GafruJ'gj/aou Gu(r6U(riD/r
ueio eroiTesirrCpao 4- GuirGeuirih ûeio 6foi_(r6!rar(S'@LJ
GunGeuirih (Refer S.18 in 2.14)
euiTiiiS + QafTfiwr peuirmiSAQairemQ (Guiraeoirih (Refer S.31 in 17.68)
GuiTiU + Gff(5jD ^Gu/Tiu<y Giy^nj (euQijAîh S.32 in 17.68)
jS/T^fTsn-innr + Guiraeoirti ^îrijiTeiTiDiru Gunaeoirih. (Refer S.21 in 3.20)
UNIT 22
LESSON 89
GOING FOR A PICNIC
D I ALO G U E
ffr^îjih : eunmim a-Gjrsi^, jBiraFuJuj/T Come on Suresh, where is Narasaiah?
*G!76i% ; ^tiim G/BjSgf QsîreiresT-
uu). êuQi; Gaaj/nli-
gJj* ^gULJLyGssrsJT.
(olffffssrGsffrfiiJT <:S/(S5>?r
;8u96i^^gjG60 6\j(rf)SurT^.
UJnuu^(tpih smârriLjih
Gla/TSBirr eu/sGêir ....
As you told (me) yesterday (I) sent
him to the hotel. (I) asked him to
buy curd bath, bajji and chips. (He)
will come within five minutes.
I have brought someguava fruits and
pickles-Will they not be sufficient ?
Lesson 89 / 723
cS/CS<sfr .' /B !r a= uj uj fr
w-jBiSjrtiJ : suiTiiia /BtrffuJujfr, srsirssr
(olsiigjL_L?6fr LS'/PlU/rSBjf-
eillTlil(g,CS6l5T6ST. ..L-G6U
SU/r/BJ^GsBICTT.
si-jBîrti) : <9=/f, GlsuîLS' sfr LJrfûjfr
jBTSSJ" GfBjSgiiff Qa'ireir&n'
LDJTîP wQeoAcû GuffjD
Gu/rgj srebeon ^QîLjih
(T/rti) GLjfrLLL_u[(}.Guj
(olffiLiGsufni.
ffr^^jjih : sunmia, u&O (ir, ^ ;
Quirasoirth.
DRI LLS
a, Variation drill
22. 89. 213.
b. Build up drill
(i) jSriiiB Qs'ireirmuu^ rêuQi;
Gswesr.
(S/gytJL/GssrsJr
Gpaa frilL-gjja
More then enough, sir....Please look,
Narasaiah is coming.
Come on Narasaiah, what did you
buy ?
There is no curd bath, sir. (I) have
bought vegetable biriyani and bonda.
(I) bought little halva too.
O.K. The vegetable biriyani will also
be nice (to eat). As I told (you)
yesterday, we will eat all these
(things) when (we) go to the hill.
Alright, sir. (We) will do it as you
programmed.
Please come. The bus is coming.
Let us go.
O.K.
G^frLLi_g2jiB@ cS/gULiL/GesTsir.
tSjguiJLjGssrsJr
Ggja)fTi.lt_g2j@ cSigUULfGOTrsir
0mim Gliy/rsBTSjnJK)- êuQij G^jrLlL_g2ya5@
cS/gUuqGeureir.
^riim i-jGi;!TaSi;inh Gu(tl1i_uiij.Guj QaîuGeuirth.
724 I AnlnXenswe Course in Tamil
QfffrsBTSirrutr).
/ffBias
(ii) fiiresi G/B^gjff Qa^rteiresT
/Bfejr
(iii) jSfiis LfdijfnASifitLb GuniLi
uu^Gtu (olffuJGsu/rtii.
QaûLiGeunth
GuiTiLiuii^Quj
i^fGijiTASijnth
/f (Bias
c. Expansion drill
(i) /BfTSiJr ^ÛLfG&STeifT.
Gsisrsir.
sS/ffu&jr cSigjjLJLjGeaTssr
jEmia QfffTSJresrLJL).
c^gUUL/Gsffrsir
G/B^gJ =Sf@JJLJL/G6376Jr
(ii) ;BTLO */nJL9t_60/rLb.
fTfibeofr^Glîqii #ffuiJ'L-eo/ru)
iiQsoi(g,u GunpGun^
<f frLJL?i_6U/rLb
/Bireir (ola=nr6ST6TiD,i(fP
Geffrsijr.
GlfffrsirffljruL). cS/suQir Gna3(ii-(-
^gyuqGssrsBT
jEriia QffiTSffrsffruiq. êuGljr
Gpa)(TLlL_âB@ cSJ/gULiLjGeffreJr.
rbussT Gr[,^^S= Q^rreireisriisiTî?
6F/TLJL5'i_eofrii).
<?frijii't_60frii)
QffiresTGSTmnfîP a=n'iJL?L_60/rii3
G;B<S^ff Glffffsirssr innîP ff(TLJL?_
co/rtb
/B/T6sr G/B^gjff GlffTSJrffljT innr^fP
ff/7iJL?t_60n'ii).
jfmjiSB L/Gjr/TaJiTfru) Gurrtli-
uuj-Giu Q<f uJGei/frib.
(ol^FiuGsi/ffii)
Gufnli_uti).Guj QffiuGsiifrtL
LjGijiTa,Sijinh GUITILL-UU^GUJ
Qo'iuGevmh
(fnsja i_;G(rfr*J!r(rLb Gumli
un).Guj GlîiJGnjffU).
fB/ieir cSiguuL/Gewrssr.
fBirsJr Gsifl3/rLLi_g2J@ c9J@ULJq
Geirrsffr.
fBirsffT ^6u(o).7 GsjiDfrtligy*
^gl/LJqGsffrsir.
jBfTsir /ffBJiS QaîresTSSTUii). êuG)//
GpiDffLLi_ga<i@ c^/gUUL/Geireir.
(BiTfiir Gjb^^ ^liia Qaîrêsruu^.
êuQfr Gpofrtli
cS/guiJL/Gcsreir.
/BrriD ff/ruLJia^frixi.
(Bfrin 6T6bsOfrisQâ./ii) s^nuiS'L-eoinh.
jbttiB wQeomiû GutrpGuirgi
/BTLD jhneST (olfflTSffrSBT LDIT^lP
LD(ol fi W6B@LJ Gu/TfoGu/Tg/
Lesson 89 / 725
(i) Q- /BiTffuJuJ/r eT(5jQ ?
tSJglitJLvGsiyresT.
(ii) Q ; euniiia îjsîutLsn, erewssr 6Ulrmj<S 6u/Bi5i5/ ?
A : OsiigjiLfefr LfiPiu/rswPcqti) Qunsmttrei\ih euiriiiS
(iii) Q: i^nesr QaiTi^ffih Qairiuiurruuipfipih aargjiairiqii)
(o)6B(riisr(96u/BG^65r..-. GurrîBebQeoujrr ?
A : ^(riT/rsrruinLj Guirîiia.
(i) fiiiiai Q<=/r6BT65ruD/rjfP
ff(rL/L?i_so/rii.
Substitute
uuj.
Si_l_(ol6Br
(olu{D@
(ii) ;S/E) (olfflT6ST65rLjtl}. .S/ffljQir
.^gj/UL/CfiBrssr.
Substitute
Guffgi/
ffLDUJ^giGfiO
S2_i_G6!rr
(olUjD
(iii) fisia Q^nesresrutq^
6u/Tmj(gG65r6sr.
verb accordingly.
jffBJa GlfffrsirsffrLDfr^fP
ff/ruiJ't-SDirLD.
/fffB/a Qfffrearsiyrui;). sîruiSi-eoiTih.
^liis (o)s=/r65r5r E-t-Geir
#/nJLS'i_60(rijb.
jfmj6B Qj/rsBTCitr Qup
<9=(rtJLS'i_so/TLb.
;f(Bja QdF/TsirssrLJiq. c^fiuGljr
tS/gUUL/Gsmeir.
;ff(Ei<B (ola=/T65r6IJTU5(r;/P ÔlSltf
cS/guui-iGeirfiir.
jfmia (olff/T65T6IlTGu;Tgy cS^suOiT
^gl/LJL/G65rJr.
^riis Off/reirsjr fftflujjSg/Gso
c9/su(ol!r r^gyiJqGswsffr.
;fffB/ GlffireirsBTLJu c^/suiSljr
tS/gjjLJqGsifrsir.
mjas QiffrsirsBr a-L-Geisr tS/suQjr
cSigJ/UL/GsBTSOT.
jf fSJdS Qff(7607657 (olUfD êuGlif
^g)/LjqGoTf7B7.
jSriia (ol*ff65r6S7LJiq- euirrBi^Geurew.
Gun
GmtT^
QsuQsniunC^
(iv) jSmim QaîTskesruts^ ûSif
a=Tj5Bii euirmi^Gmesr.
Substitute
ti'/PtLKTSBsf
eungjeneb
GuirassTiir
aargj/a/ruJ
(i) ^rwm Qefnmetsfiiia.
^gULJL/GsOTSBT.
Gu(rL.ijE-(S)a5.
c9y<s6srLJir).Guj /Bfrm
GuirasOfni).
^^b-sTuu^ usio 6Uc5gJ.
(ii) jBfrsJr G/BjSg/iy GlffrrsffrGsffrssr.
^fBj<B QtyfffiarsOTLjti}. Gu/rGesresT'.
jffBja (ola=frsr6!frLJtq. GLLGi_5r.
ff/Ej (oljffrswearuu). <ola=iiJG^65r.
^liis QsF n&rranuti}. ut^.AG&sir.
îms Qa'fisiresiuuj. QeuQemunQ
Gesrsir.
Qsâmesruxs^. eiîpgjGfiBrcsr.
;f fEjas (ol<5=/Tsr5rui^ îiJ/Tiy/rîn
6u/r(Ej@G65r6or.
^fBjas GWrrsirfiSTui^.
euirm^GesT^.
jf/Ej GldTresrswiJiq.
U(Trei@G65rir.
u/Tm*@G6sr6ir.
jf (EJas (ol<9=(769T65n_/q.
U n fl5J@G65r8T.
jf mi<s Qa^/Tsarsitruig.
(6uiriE)(gG65r65r-
jf mja (oWffsiresn-ttg.
6ij(r/Bj|gG6Br sir,
jf (Bia GlfffrsBTfiffrui^
iSunfE/gGsffrfiir-
iflPuJITSBffP
Gj_/;r!ibTi_r
jf fEj Glff/rsBTSWuti). jBfrssT cSlsuGlf
<:9/@i;iJqG6irr6ir.
jSiiia i-jGrrnASi^mh G U T L L L -
LJig-Guj pfriD Guiraeomb.
rbiresT G^<2gja= Q.r/rsffrsBrixifri^rf'
Lesson 89 / ^ 7
fiiiia nGifn&Stfnih ^liim LfGijiiaSijinh GuniLi
Qg= iuGeuiTih,
EX ER CI SES
g. Fill i n the bl anks using the cues given in parentheses as in the model given
below.
Mo d e l : {brreir euniiiSeuÂ Qa^n^Ganm. (chips)
(i) ibireir Qsiremrl^ eu^GâiT. (guava fruit)
(ii) jbireiT G)arrem(^ eu^G^^. (pickl es)
(iii) ;BT6ST eufrm/ ^GsjirsBr. (biriyani)
(iv) /Bnreir su/ r/ Ei^Gesreir. (bonda)
(v) QaTi^ffU) suf T/ E/ ^Ceirsir. (hal va)
h. Make one sentence out of the two sentences, using ^êiruiq..
(i) fiiiia GlfffrsBresffHJS.
(ii) ^tiia nGiîTaSijiTiJb GuaiLin-imm.
^^6iTuuf.Giu jbiTin QaîuGeuiTLD.
(iii) /BTSBT G^^gÂ Qa^rrsirGesrsir.
.^êirutif. rhiTLD a=(TiJL5'L_60mb.
(iv) j f mi a QaF irafresfIBIS.
cSjjSeJruu). /BfrsBT Qsuîd'fifr. iSifiuiressPiLjih GuireixTtnei{ih
euirmi^GsaresT.
(v) |ffEj<3s LjGiîTASi;iTLh GumLis-iiim.
^^ûls^.GuJ jSTiD GuiT60(rti).
(vi) ^Sii(tf) Qa^rreiiriâT,.
i. Make one sentence out of the two sentences, using ^s/ ^ innîP.
(i) j BTsir Gjb^Â QaîrmGesresT.
(ii) ^mjs Qaîreiresfiiia,
cSj gitBfT^fPGiu <o)6\ig'i_LS'6Tr LS'fPujrreuijPiqLb Gu; TWTi_/ rsij ii
6u fr fEJigGssr 65r.
(iii) fiiia L^Q^nASifiTih QuiitLi&.mia-
^^wnîPQiu ibuiD QffuJGsufrii).
(iv) îi)a L/Ojj/iaiSjr/Tub (SuniLis-iiia.
cSfgjtfljTiîPGuj fiTiD Gurraeoirii.
j. Make one sentence out of the two sentences, using îliQuiT^.
(i) {BfrtD LoQeoAtû GuirGsuirth
ûGuir^ jBiriD fffrtJiJ'ieoirii).
(ii) ^liia G/B{8g(/# QffiresrssF iiia.
ûGuiT^ /6(T65r êuQi^ ^ÛL{GetsTesr,
(iii) ^6D(5 sup6ua3 euiriwS su/BjSir.
cSfLJGu/rg/ /BfTssr Gl*ffdrGssrsir.
(iv) jtirsir GIsugJiLPsfr u^fPiiJiTeiiirf eunrmi^GsBrsar.
ûGun^ Ibirm Gunemiirsijih euirtii^Gemm.
k. Make one sentence out of the two sentences, using ûu.
(i) jbteir û3ifa^rrîh euniiiSeur^sf Q&nesrGmm.
ffinm supeusb sunmSeuij^ GlffireirGesrsBr.
(ii) jfinm Qmntutunuuîh QsntmQ eu^G^m.
ffiireir aarparruj Qanem(g eufbG^m.
(iii) /BTSffT C)6ugî_L?sfr iJiPujrrsssf sufrraj^GssTssr.
jBTsir Guirsnimfr eunmi^Gefreir.
(iv) /BIT65T Gu(T6Wn_(T CU/TfEi^GsffTSOT.
/BTsir ^sbcuir su/riEôGssrsffr.
1. Select the right case form and use it in the blank.
(i) fiiraiT cSigyuqGsirreir.
(ii) /Bfrto âuiSiSOiTib.
(iii) /B/T65r cS/gULiL/GcsTsir.
(iv) ^6U(5 cSj(ff5 eu^suir.
m. Write the word represented by the formula.
Example : aif eurr + Inf.
(i) Giffirfibgj/ + Inf:
(ii) cSjgliLJM 4- Inf- '
(iii) + Inf. :
(iv) ffffUL? + Inf. :
(v) GunQ + Inf. :
Lesson 89 / 7Z9
Example : ekiiKiS euiimKg, + Verb. Part,
(0 Oa=ffbs2/ + Verb. Part. :
(ii) QUIT + Verb. Part. :
(iii) Q&nem(Qeuii + Verb. Part. :
(iv) ^gyuq + Verb. Part.:
(v) o'rruLS'Q + Verb. Part. : ...
n. Join the following according to the sandhi rules.
(i) îBaîh + a_C60 :
Uffitii + ST :
ff/TjSin + a_@ :
(ii) GuiTssiniîr + SL-LD :
/BjTffUJUJT + ST :
êbeurr + a_ii) ;
(iii) L^fPuj/reiraP + aîh :
L'^g? +
GuiTîBsbQso + ^ :
(i) ^liia aQi-sSû3Qsou3(iT)^^ ST&STSST eunmiS eup,^m>a 7
(ii) a_(Gii55iîS(g QevgîLS'sh iS'iPujnsssP LS'IIÂ^LDIT 7
(iii) /ff/Bia c^^lPuj G)fftT6ST6!STUlq. oS'Ll(5lJLJfri_tri CT(ipgi61?(Bi<3E6rT/T?
(iv) jffmja aiTiusrS' euniiji^noGuiT^ ah-iCsu Uffiqpih
njiriiiâ^TfjaeiTiT 7
(v) ^liis an:(5@ij GurrpGurr^ îsbenir eu/rmjociS'nsjasrrT 7
(vi) fmis ^^^ 6)S'(y3G1fD@ eraiTesr ^qGjr/rdBîTffii)
GuiT(^nffiiia 7
(vii) /f rsia ^^^js 6i3'(tpQ(Da@ aireiûJif Guarffiiisemr ?
siuiGsti a_i5i luGlewnJiqii) eucnyfSiaOTfr ?
(viii) fiiia a_/Bj ^ûuir QfffreJTesTUH). (3atlL?fBi6iTT ?
V O C AB U L AR Y
ug);6D6b 'chips' Gla/ruJujnrijLjjptL 'guava fruit'
sssQimniu 'pickles' Cu/r8ifri_rr 'bonda'
âieuiT *halya> a kind L\G!jfiASi}nih 'program'
of sweet'
q(3!r(r<S(r(7ii)
Cunr 'program'
G R AMMAR
22.89-213. The particles such as uiq. and mirîP are attached to the present
and past form of relative participles to indicate manner. Example :
22. 89. 213. Qs^ttmesruu^ êuQr; Cgyofrili-gZ/ao
.^gjjuL/GsOTcir.
^liia LiCSîT&SrfiTih GufTL-iuiq-Guj Qo'tuQeuirih.
/Bfresr Gfl5^g/a= GlffiresresrinffjfiiP sîruLSieoirih.
Sandhi: sujT + Q^n-eBrGearsBr-^6iJ!ra=(o)<F/r6irC6!n-Br (Refer S.29 in 15.56)
îB&îh + Si-Geo uSffl^jSgjGco (Refer S.17 in 2.13)
UNIT 22
LESSON 90
INTIMATION ABOUT A FRIEND'S ARRIVAL
D I ALO G U E
Qa^^ Q^lPlLfWIT ? 6T6BT
jbsmuesT ^ (P C 6U -
GIUITQI jSiB/Gla eoîrQeu
fbihin ^ST6n;ii).iij.yj,il(5i-
Geo efo Q L_ G (65) 6LI fr
eiTiTih....^GîT I cS/6U65r
./B!r<yuJuj/r ; s r uuGs ui r ur r i r ^^^f r
( Sj / r uf f i i i ) . . . . #( Puj / r
(o) CI sir Sly êbQso.
Narasaiah, do you know the news ?
Miss Latha who is the younger
sister of my friend Trivedi is going
to be appointed as a stenographer in
our Institute. Look! this is the letter
which 1 have received (now) from
him. Do you know Latha ?
(1) have a faint memory that I had
seen (her) sometime. (I) do not
remember exactly.
732 j An InXemwe Course in Tamil
fftGije^ : êu ySt Q ^ ^ eu IT ij ih
atq.^th etd^êaiTSiTiitii-
^QîLfih îfGeu^Giu
/BiTffuJujfr : ^ ! ûuuîuiT ?
GuiTL-is^(if)^^6umia6hG60
eOjSiT^frsBr ersbeo/rSlinqu)
6IS'L_<S jE@ifi a-errerrsu-
(ol.S'Pu-iLb ?
6!nL_jT(aL_(f (olff/T6sr65r^'r
c9/6U(5 ST 65r J LL (o) i_ *
(olff/rsBTig).
jbâîuiuiT : ^g/CJso sTesrssr c^ffff-
2_efrsrrAJmi<9B(6Tâ@^
<STGS5T GBI/ SISU (o1aB(oli_ia-
DRI LLS
a. Variation drill
Trivedi has written himself that she
would write to me that she would go
over here next week.
Oh ! Is it so ?
(I) was told that of all the people
who put applications for this job
only Latha had more qualifications
than others.
How do you know that ?
Mr. Murthi told me that he was told
by the director.
Vk^hat is the wonder in it ? It is
certain that only the qualified people
will get the job.
Yes, what you say is very correct.
22. 90. 214. /B'Tsir eruuGeinT unn^^^tt iîruîh.
tSjsu ^liiGs eupfiira aiq.^dt 6T(if^svtTefTiTih,
^su(!f) 65)L_!ri_ff GlfffrsffTsirrîT 6T65r<^LlQi_*
Q^TSSTig).
b. Build up drill
(i) filTSST STUUGSU/T UlTirjSjS^T
\0iruath
u/r/fjSjSjS'r
STLJuGsufr
finaiT STLJuGsuir îrifjSjSjST
(Sjfruaii).
uiTif^jS^SfT (S^rrijau)
Lesson 90 / 733
(ii) c9)6u @(EiG 6U(Dg(i i4.<sii
6T(jpg;eufr6Tr(ni).
6T(Jpg/6U/T6nr/TLb
(iii) <:9/6U(5 6!Di_(ri_(r Qa= (rsirein-jST
srmSiLQiSF Q^nsiriâr,.
QfffTssrswtsiT
c. Expansion drill
(i) tS/eu Qffffswig).
6inL-!r<5iT (ola=T6sr6ST^(r#
<ol iff-fTsir (6B)(/T).
(ii) .z^SiJ sT(Lg,êunefTiTih.
mU^^lh 6T(lglêi}ITSTTITLh |
^liiGa 6iip3j5(T 6T(ipg;6ii(i'6r(ni)
(iii) ;BT6Br u/T/f^jS<2>(r (sj/ruati.
(i) Q: a_iBiigT565(g co^frQeUjS QfiifijqLDiT ?
A : eruuCJcuir ufr/fjSjSjSir (Sj/ruati.... #/PUJ/T Q/BQesrc)/
îB/Ga eujD^rra auj-îi
ffT(ipg/6U/r6rrTii).
CT(jpgi6U(r6Tr/rLb
aii).<sm 6T(ij)g/siinrrr/rm
fiUfDjSfa anj-^ti erjjpg/surrerr/nh
@I EJG 6U(D<S'ra ai:).<sti> srripgj-
^liiGa eupîri sui.îh
^su(5 smi_!rai_(T SlapfrssriOT-iBT
6T63Tid5L.<olL_<F fflff/TfiSTtg).
<oliFT6Srt6B)(5
CTS9r<diil.Gli_# Q<j=/rsir(gj{5
<o1#/Tir6sr^/r ereirSL-QiiF
65)i_7ai_/f (oltfffssren-jSiT
CT69r(d?LLQi_ j Qff/r6ir(65)(5
^su<5 6B)i_!ra_(T QfffrearsifrjS/r
6T6ir65LL(o)i_a= (olffirsong).
êu(5 65)L_!rat_/r (Slff/reireiir^/r
CT65r(SLL(o)i_<F Gl<?(r5r(6B)(5.
cSjsu sTQpgj6UfrTnnx).
,c9jiJ a<j).^tr) CT(ipgysu/r6TT(7i).
cSjnJ ^(BjCa 6u;D<STa ti).}ii)
/D/rcir sTuuGeiiff unif^^â lejTuau).
734 I An Intensive Ceurse in Tamil
(ii) Q: 2_fE/<sBigi5(g eruuiq.^ Q^rPiLfih ?
ereirILL(O1L_J (olff/rssr^j.
(i) eri>(oli_G(6a)eu/7 rSuJiPAau
Substitute and change tfie
verb accoidlngly.
QinfrefO^T
GicGearggdj,
(ii) eTLJuGeuiT u/rii^^^rr
(sjiruati).
verb suitably.
6T(ipg;
GlafT
eii/r
QfffrsiJga
GasfrsiJuu
(iii) 6ii(D^n-65 aiq-^LD 6T(ipgj-
eU/TSTT/TLb.
verb accordingly.
G U T
qpuu
uiq.
6fo(o)(_G(65)6un- ^(uiE'asu
Guirtnjriiaennih,
c^<#ffuj[rir /ffujuJaau Gun-(ny(Ei-
erriTLb.
Gujr/ri'ifuj^/T ^luiBAau
Guatnjriimenrrih.
(gu3nreT065(T5ijfr /SiuuS'aau
Gu/T(27/E/a67T/TLb.
GuDGeur^jriT ;S'uju9au
G u (T (27 fBJ aerriT LD.
G u (T(27 (BJ aerr rrib
eruuGou/T Ufr/t^^îr (ejiruaii.
eruuGeufr uu)-<fa=^fr (ejTuaiii.
eruuGsuT erîpg/eurîT (gj/ruatb.
eiuuGeufT GlaiT^^^^ (sjiruatb.
eruuGeurr eufi^îr (sjrruatb.
eruuGeuff GaefrsiJuuLLL-îT
(ffjfruatb.
eruuGsviT ^fi^îr (ej/ruatb.
6U(D<a(T aq.^tb eT(xpg/euff6Tr(rtr).
Gunpîrm auf-^tb eT(ipgi6u/r6Tr/Tiii.
L(fDUU(5(D^/Ta air).^Lb eT(ipgj
6K/rerA(Tib.
uii)-a(gjD^fra auj-jSib erîpg/
611 fr err IT lb.
(o)a/Ta<g/D{S/Ta siq.fid> er^^
611 (7 err/rib.
^(Dîra auj-^LD eT(jpg;6\ifr6rrfrLb.
Lesson 90 / 735
(i) 6U(DjaT ll}.în 6T(JpgJ SU^^jSfTffi r).^ti) eT(tpgJ6U(TSTrlTLb.
WLiirfflrrjrLD.
6T(jpgi6i;fr6rr/rLb. si/irOT/rLO
euirerrnth.
EX ER CI SES
below.
Model : a_(EjaigT5a@ Gl^fPiqiBfr ? (news)
(i) 6rDQi_G(65)6u/r Aau Guirtnjmiaemnh. (appoint)
(ii) cTUuGsufr uirrr^^îr (memory)
(iii) eOfiiT ^nm a_6fr6rr6U6rr/rtr). (qualification)
Ov) ^gjGso ffT6ST6!sr ^'^SS' (wonder)
h. Change the following into the adverb and add at the left to the verbs in
the sentences given below.
(i) 6ft)Qi_(3(65) : 0iui3A&u QuiriirjmjaefTnih.
(ii) ffu/r : ersffr* er^LpêvnerTinb.
(iii) u/r ; GTUuGetirr (Sj/ruffitb.
(iv) Qa^neb^ : c^su Qa^frssrigj.
i. Fill in the blanks by transforming the cues given in parentheses as in the
model given below.
Model : (urr)
Present : UTffAopjBT Past : uirir^^^
(i) (a^nuiSQ) (vi) (u/rj
(ii) (gfffBj@) (vii) (Qffujj
(iii) (Gojuj) (viii) (eun)
(iv) (Glî) (ix) ( ! D LP)
(v) (@) (X) (u[r{rftl(5)
j. Join the following according to the sandhi rules.
(i) îPGev^ -f g><Sli_: (ii) sfeQi_G(SB) + ^ :
ffff + STLJU + g) ;
ÛUIH- + : 60jS/T + 6T ;
736 I An Intemxve Course in Tamil
(i) jSmi& STUU ^liiQs eij^îiis ? ffi_(BJcS5îga= fffPujfr
(ii) a_m/ inGlen-ffl? ^liiQm eupîr a_mjigi5@ au^îi)
(iii) / f iGja a_iGi<s (BsroruîfiLKolL- ^smQems^^ LDirGlsOui'Gso
êuQlfS <FJB^@{D<5Tff Glff/TSBTSafrBJaBSTTfT ?
(iv) jf/BJSB 6T65ra5(gLJ UjSgJUTUJ Glfr(5i@jr)iST GjB^g/ff
'Glffirssrsijfniiastrrr ?
(v) îrQeaA^ 2_mi t^.îPtu snrsirsin- Ljfri_ti) ajfjLi'a^p^ff J
GlfffTssriQ) ?
(vi) G^ffsi/ sTLJu iBL_iS@n3^fr S-mias C^ . ^ / PU J Glff/rssriQ) ?
V O C AB U L AR Y
(sj/ruaLD 'memory' Gl/sGlsisrsij 'rememberance'
'qualification'
G R A MMA R
22.90.214. The manner is again expressed by the neuter participial noun
(both present and past) and the adverb marker See the following
examples :
22. 90. 214. fBfssr STLJUGSUIT urrtr^^îT i^T^rru&th.
êu ^riiGa eup^rrA aiif.îh 6r(Lpêvrr6fTinb.
c9/su(5 smL-jraiiT G1<f/TsorssrjSiT ffTS5r<fiLlGlL_a=
Gil? IT sir (SB).
Sandhi : ^/PGsUjS + ^Gli_ -^^/fGsu^GujffGli-
cSjGI^ + a_ti) > ^Glî^LD
cS(uuii)- + ^ >c9JLJuii).ujn- (Refer S.8 in 1.5)
60^/ T + ST ^soîrGlsu
6roGli_G(65) + v% >sroQL_G(65)su/r (Refer S.9 in 1.7)
so^/rGlsu 4- GljSrf'iqLD/T ^soîrGlsu^ QîPiLfinir (Refer S.20 in 2.17)
^luiSAs, + GuninjiiiaeniTLb > ^luiBAau Quirttrjiiiaemih
(Refer S.29 in 15.56)
6TSsr<5(g + n} - î b ?6T6inr@ffi ain-^th (sT(LpêuiT6Trnua)
^(g<iL/6frsyrsum/a(g5(g + JSTGSST > <Z(gîL/sfrsiTsiJ/Bi<g5$i5a(g^}SfrG6irr
(GsuGlso G1Gli_@ii> Refer S.18 in 2.14)
sTsirdSLLGlL- + Gla=(T6BT(6g) >sTS5TjLLGlL_a= G)<f/r6ir(6B) (ReferS.22 in 4.25)
eupîr + ausf-îh ^sup^nA aiq-îi (6T(ipgjsi//rTr.TLb)
GlfffTSBTSBTjEIT + Gli?(TSffTtgB) ^QfffTSBTSBTjglTff Gla=fr6JT(g)
STiJLJii). 4- Gl^fPiqib >eTLJui4.j5 GlîPtLjLb (Refer S,21 in 3.20)
UNIT 23
LESSON 91
RAMAYANA
D I ALO G U E
mQije^, : efOnH, euiroDLS^ ij IT w n -
luam^Qû Q u IT Q eo
fîByiQeotLfih i/iTinniumnb -
Sr^^rfih : ^wiT. aiiufr euneoiSS
eT(i)^6isT ijiTiniTUjem^
(ol^<S ^tSjpGeo ST lyi j
QLD/TyJui'CJso p(5 GlufPuj
qsusD/f. y^7irtcCt(g)G1i_
aQ^Qiu srebsoiT (olmrry?
ILTGSOIL/LO L/ ' SO eu (5 mj a
Lj/7ii).uJ'(r5a@(27fEia. =^(63),
Sir, is there a Ramayana like Valmiki
Ramayana in Tamil ?
Yes. Kamban has written Valmiki
Ramayana in Tamil....He is a great
poet in Tamil. Poets have sung Sri
Raman's story in all the languages.
But, this story differs from.language
to languageHave you heard of
Indonesia ?
I
@ (5 a @ g) (f (BJ
UjSjfia GasrrsiS'LJULLti},
luebCSeo ^Q^tli u ^ ^ u
UJl}.<Jrf'(5@G/D65T.
g) (T/TLDTUJSSjni) @0<5-
@g)- c^gjGso yi!rfrLDS5i-
sOL-ft-msinn-Glsin- ^ 6F -
GLj/T(/r?(5. (5 a <fi uj
OliifryS'uiiGsoiqii) sp
qsosu/T jrfTLDrruJSiwr^Q^
6T(ipj5ui'((5iSB@((r7(5-
c9)gjGsv) fjneusm-
G(6B)Ql_
^{5<S(gG<S.' /BTSffT
(T/rtnfTUJsiraT^Qû
Ga6fr6i?LJUL_i_^6b-
Glsoraja.
9i-/B<S!7ii) ; / B T L I * / BIT, Qmir-
jjffiSB-gGltfl/ryS' (T/rixi/TUJSSin'ii)
,^;tJL//DLb G1a:(T6bgj;GrDS5r.
a-Gjrffl^ : s=fPmi.
Yes, sir. I have read about (it) in
geography.
There is a Ramayana in PaH language
also. In it Sri Rama makes Lakshman
the king and goes on 'vanavasa'. In
Turkish language also a poet has
written Ramayana. In it Sita is
Ravana's daughter.
Is it so ? -Looks very strange ! I have
not heard about Ramayana like all
these, sir.
Country to country, language to
language Raniayana differs. (I) shall
tell you about it in detail later on.
Alright sir.
DRI LLS
a. Variation drill
23. 91. 215. iBirek yjGafiffrreiJujsbGsD u(i).<9=.^(5@G(D6!jr.
Lesson 91 / 739
U60 q60S>J(5(E/ ÎBjS* &Q^QlUU
ufTii). ai'(7565(g((jyf5/.
23. 91.. 216. ^;6^ sQ^ Qtcfry?*^ Qinn^fi e^^îutts^mir
23. 91. 217. /BTSffr ^(Glû u<s^ GaKfrsiS'tJULLiif.^.s^GpeBT.
jfiHja ^(BG^/rCtSOTsil'ujiTQsi/Li u<ss
(3sir6i?iJULliq.(5(g(i5','Bja6TTfr ?
b. Build up drill
(i) rfiiTssT y,(2fr6rTs>?uj6b(J6V)
UJl).<y#(5<S@Cr/D6Sr.
uu}. J#(5<5@(Jp6ir
yjGafrsirsiS'ajebGsu
(ii) U60 q60su(5tBJ ^^B^'*
affjSloluJiJ ufnr).ii5(5<so(27fEi.
(iii) /fffB/ ^fiG^rrQesTSiîunGleuu
u^Â GmsrTe)S'uuLLi^.(iT)A-
(g)cSliimefrrr ?
(? asrr SI? u uLL U). (5 <K@-
rffrwaerrn ?
^P)G^nG6ms)fujiTQsiJu
rbneir y,Cla/TSTT6i?iusbGso uuîF .f-
c5a@G/D65r.
LJii).<g=.#(f5<s6(gG()6iJr
yiGafrstrsiSiustiGso ui^. j^â-
(gdpsffr
(BTsw yjGafrsTTSiJiusbGso
ULij. j.^(5a@G(D6iJT.
USD q60su(5/Eja ^fiÂ mQ^Qiuu
uiTuû3([f)At^(nijmia.
uiTiq. ui'(5a(g(2j(Eja
atol^GluJU uinq.u3(rT)Aîirfiiis
q606U(5mia ^/Bâ aQ^GIuju
uiTUîLS'(;T)Ai^(irjmia
USD i_/60su(f5f5ja @/Bâ a(o)^(o)uju
u IT ti). iL? a@(2J rBj a.
;gmia ^/BCB^frGsOTSiÛ-Hrfolsuu
UcSâ GasTrei5'uuilii).(5a@-
Ga6iT6iS'uuLLui.([F ,A^rffiiis6rTiT 7
^^G^nGemeiûuirQeuu u<sâ
GasfrsiSuLLiq-djaojiyiBjasrrrr ?
^fEia ^/BGîrGswsiûjfl-Qsuu
u^Â Gasfrsi5'/JUL.i).(5a@-
pffB/asKT/r ?
(iv) !nTL0frujss5rii ( B/ TLL* IBIT
(BTLL@ jB/r
jriTixifrujswTtii
(v) fBTSw jrTiDfnuesBr^Q^LJ
c. Expansion drill
(i) ^6U(5 6T(ip<Sa5'(56B@(ff7c5.
îBffiGeo sT(tp<ui'(5<S(g(2)'(5
(ii) USO L/6USU([5fBJ Ufflq-IL?*-
ersbcorr QiD/ryS'iiJ'Geoiqtr)
u nr Lj. 05 (5 0(37 ( 5J
î;iTl>6iT Qj5(o)ujLJ
Ufri)-ui'(/5(g(27'5/<B
(iii) / BfTOTT
^LJUlq.* Ga56fr61?LJUL-l_-
GasfrnS'LJuilL. ^6V)(ol60
(iv) @ ; B ^ asGlfS siS'.ZjSuj/TffLOfr
(olLDnrj^<S(g GltniTy? si?^^
(rirtnrrujsinrrtjb /Efril(S (BT
nS'^ûjiTffiDrr ^(5@gJ-
siS'jSûjnrffUKr ^c5<@gJ
[rfrL0(TUJ6OTrLb ;BffLlo / B T
(Bfrffijr (r(TU3TUjBBT<gG1^(J u^<fi
^LJuii}.<3B CJassfrsvS'uuiJ.L-^sijGlfiO
CS<5B6frQSIuULL(_^6b(olsO
C?65sfrsi?uuLli_ ^stiCso
^Liuii). GaefroS'tJUL.i^stjQso,
tS/6VI(15 ^(^^^(^^(^^(^((^(J.
^;6ii(5 ^tiS'jpGso eT(y>âi'(5@(27(5
rêv(rf) ei.iiiebiSS sT(ipgi6sr (r/ruj/T-
uj6iror^(ol^ ûS'jpGso 6T(jpj(iJ'(5a-
uso qUoiy(f5r5/ LJ/rii)-iii'(5<s@(27'Siffi.
U60 L/60eu(5rej 6Ti)6V)fr(olLD(rjû5-
Gsoiqii) uinj)-u5(5(2y(Bja5.
USD q6Csu(5mjaB yifirfruiejr mQ^Qiu
(rffAfîtffmjA.
Ibnm Gmsh&S'uuLLiêdQeo.
/BT65T ûuuf-A GaehmS'uuiLi-
^LJuuf-iK GasfrsiJiJUL-i^sbGleo.
@fB^ Q<a 6i?^âjfr<3Ptfifr
îB-aa asQ^ QLonryJa^ (olLDiry?
Lesson 91 I 741
(i) Q; suneoiS tjuvanujem^Qîli Quneo îBjfiQeoiLjih
(ii) Q : jSiiis ^fBCSjSnrCesTsiûj/rQsuu u^^s,
(i) <*/6U(5 STitpjûfoa^cQj. ^SU(5 er(ipûJ'(5@(2y{5.
verb accordingly.
Cpd5sfr6i?LJu(5 âj Ce6BrrnS'LJULLti).(!5'<Eig(2y(5-
(olsuGlOTUjfr c9(6ii (ol6u(ol6rriuniij-ui'{f5<g(27(5.
<olff(u S)U(5 (o)<9=iiJj(5a@(n7((5.
Q u a cS(6U(5 (3urru5'((5(g(2j'(5.
(ii) /BfTsir Gaefr6i?LJLJL.tr).(f5(B@- jB(Tsr Gacfrofuuil^.â^G/Dfiir.
GpsJr.
verb accordingly.
(jiTLD rbrnB G6freiS'LJuLLuj.(f5a(gGtn7Lb.
jbT(Bi ' fiirras (Jmeh6i3uuLLis^(rF )Ai^G(!r}ih.
CaBfrQS'uLJilir).(5<5@GfD.
/fmia QaehsiS>uULLiq.(!Â^nStiia.
^sveir Gaefr6)S'uuiLu).(rf)A(îrrfsiT.
êu Gsfr6i?iJULltr).(75dB@(2y.
^611(5 Gsfr)S'iJLJLLa}.(5(g(2y(5.
(iii) (ol/ry?<s5|g GlLorry? si?^^-
noun accordingly.
L/sfO^dsti
u(ri_^g/@ij ufrt_LD su'.Sjûjfr-
LfSOeuiT
Substitute
(i) (r/nDmussirr^Gl^
G6B6fr5'uU(5(lS''B/.
/BtsBr ^GaBfretrsiS'ujsbCsu
(ii) iBfrsoT G6Bsifr6iS'iJULlL^(5@
GjDSOT.
6u@uq(g suigijq siSijSjSuj/rffixJir
^jBGîrGssrsiûjfrQsi/u ugâ
G<s6fr6iS'tJULLi;j.([5@(i5'iBjafiTTfr ?
Ga56frei5'iJjJL.ii).(r5a6@(i3'(B)6Trfr ?
^ll9(p/B(TLl<o1l_lJ UjSîS
GasfrsiS'uuilijf (5@(iS'(5)Trfr ?
LOg/GljrOiiJu u ^ 0 &
Ga56frnS'uuLLti).(5@il5'fBJ<9BSifrnr ?
cS/su !rTin/ruJ6B5r^Q^
eT(ipûJ'(r5<5(a5(27(5.
L/606U(5f5Ja y7^!r/TLDG(|B)(o)i_
atol^QiijLJ u(nq.iLS'(|5ig(2yfB/-
^ f i ^ A asQ^ eiJjSjSiLJnrffuiiT
fffmj @Qû UjSj^ffi GasTTSiyu-
ULllq. (5iS@flf IBiiSS.
/ BTSOT y,G<s6/Tsn-6i?uJ6bG60
uu).a=.#((5@G{Dsir.
(Bfjeir GaeiTsiSûuL.L-^6bQeo.
cS>/su(5 a5(rLL(5@Lj Gu(T65rjS6i;(ol60.
Lesson 91/743
jLireir yGds/rsrrsiS'uJsbGsD
uu^ *#cr5ig(lfD65r.
L/60su(Bj a(o)jS(o1uju
EX ER CI SES
below.
Example : atLu/t sp Qu/Piu (poet)
mLDurr sp QuiPiu L/eufiUif.
(i) @;Bâ aQ^ â^gj, (different)
(ii) uiq.<9=.#(5a(gG(D6sr. (geography)
(iii) + ^ ^(5a@CI^ .' (strange)
(iv) ^Gl^Lj u<s^ Qfffrefagj/GfbsJr. (in detail)
Example : sTftfûS^n^ ffT(ipgj 4- Perfect
(i) L/T + Perfect :
(ii) + Perfect :
(iii) + Perfect :
(iv) Guir + Perfect :
(v) GasfrsiS'LJu + Perfect :
(vi) Qs= neb^ + Perfect;
i. Fill in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated form (present) of the
perfect verb uii)-*^.
(i) ibieir tjfGarrerTffffiuAiG^
(ii) /BfrfEja (r/rLD(ruj6i(5Tiii
(iii) jSiiia
(iv) êurnja ijirLDrrtuem^Qû LJ<SJ
j. Change the given nouns into the locative and add at the left to the verbs
(i) <stfi'tp : atouff riULDnujesaT^Q^ 6T(Lpû3(iT)A@(nj(r^,
(ii) y.GaffSTTCiS'ujsb : ffinsir ^Glû UjSjâ CawrnS'uuLLtif.cjaêiDSBr.
(iii) aiT : y^tjnineir ^cga.
(iv) ^p)G^nG6i>Te)ûj Glujfry? ; sp ^ninnuj6mih^(if)A@^.
/BTSJr yCaTSYTsiS'uJsbGso
UL).<?ff<gGb(ol60.
^/BjSa (ol^ siSîSujfrffLDn-
q6usii(5mja sQ^Qiuu ufr.6w-
k. Change the given nouns into the objective and add at the left to the verbs
(i) (TfrujfrujfiBsrtn ; ^si; ûPjpGso eTnpû3(iâ<^(n}([^.
(ii) aGljS : Lfeosutr^riia uiTu^.u3(iT,mi^tr!}iiia.
(iii) eoiLarLDSssTsir : yifjrirLOSJr ^^(rffigs)*.
(iv) : [bireir Qiyffb66'iL?(5@(J(D65r.
1. Fill in the blanks by transforming the cues given in parentheses into the
verbal nouns.
Model : (QaeheSiuuQ)
GcSfflfrsiS'LiuL.L^.
(i) (6T(tpg/) (vi) (Gl/r)
(ii) (UT) (vii) (gfffEJ)
(iii) (Qo'ireb^) (viii) (Q^p)
(iv) (Ulrf.) (ix) (ff/TLJL?)
(v) C@(5) (x) (Geuiu)
m. Fill in the blanks using the cues as in the model given below.
Model : eS^îunaînrr @(5@gi' (<oltcir(^)
(i) 6^<SiSuJ'r*infr
(L/fiOoUff)
((S1g>
(iTirtDfriusBSTii)
(<:9j!r#65r)
n. Give an answer with negative to each of these questions using the cues
Model : ^ma GaeheûuiLn^fQAî^mjmefTn ?
(GasfrsiS'tJu)
êoQeb. /BTSBT GssêûuiLtêaQeo.
(i) ffT(y)<ui'(5@(iS'mj6iT(T ? (sr^tpgj)
(ii) /f<6j<B !r/rt)fruj6irani) uu).#rf'(5@3ff5isir/r ? (u^.)
(iii) /f5j ^jBG^frGssTsil'iijfrGleutJ ufT/TjSiS(5(i5''EJa66ir/T ? ( U T ^
(iv) / gfBj<3B (TLL@tJ (3u(Ttii'(5<B(a533'fBj6TriT ? (Gufr)
0. Give an answer with 'about' to each of these questions using the
cues given in parentheses.
Model: /fmjs (3<BRfiQS'tJULLi4.(5@(i?(E/sTTfr ? (<B\i)
G666TrsiS'iJULLL)-(5@GfDffln'.
Lesson 91 / 745
(i) $mia uix). j.#(5@/if(Bjr(r ? (iftruinujemih)
(ii) jfmjft eT(j|>jSui'(5(gjiJmj6Tr(r ? (-yrgirinrissT)
(iii) L\eosu(Tf)mim uiTU^.u3(iÂînjmia6fTir ? (jbneir)
(iv) cs/su(5 siPiPajn- Q#/rt)6i5'ii5'@(ny{r(r ? (@gi)
p. Join the following according to the sandhi rules.
(i) Qinffy? + ^ G e o : (ii) uii).#* + ^((5 : -.
6BQ^ + er : mptSaFffr + ;
unuf. + ; GashsiS'uutLiS + :
ST(Lf^ + ^(5 (iii) ^/BG-sfrGfisreiîunr + er;
q. Answer these questions.
(i) ^mia er/B^ ifiruittiumTLb ui:}.<9=#(5<s6(gpJ(Ej ?
(ii) tEiiia y,Ga5/rsirffiS'uj6t) <s/i)L5'a=#(f5a5(g(!?(EiasTrfr ? ,
(iii) a_fBJ65 (okD(ry?u5CB60 (nrinfrtueinn-ti) ffr^yig/Gw q6U6uG[r/r(olL
Gu(5 eresresT ?
(iv) jgmia GeuGp sr&sresT êo&Siuih uu^S^jiÂ^nfftma ?
(v) (E/ <3B jTfTLD/rujsBsr^Glû u^< erssrsOT
GaB6fre>?uuLLiij.(5iS6(g(i?(Bii35 ?
(vi) /fmiffi î9jp/B'nl(5@tJ Guiroi'cijaigjiymjdssTrT ?
(vii) s_f5i(SBig[5aB(g^îi5'jp/B(TLL(oli_uLJJBJ^ ereiresr QîfiLfih ?
V O C AB U L AR Y
yjîrnrtnsjr
GasfrsiS'tJu
CDLLiMnsBircJr
'Valmiki, the
saint who wrote
Ramayana in
Sanskrit'
'Kambar, the
poet who wrote
Ramayana in
Tamil'
'Rama, the hero
of Ramayana in
Tamil'
'different iy
'hear'
'Laksbmana,
the younger
brother of
Rama'
'make'
ijrriniTtuemin 'Ramayana, the
epic written by
Valmiki'
'poet'
'sing, compose
poems
'about'
yjGan-GJTSjJujGi) 'geography'
uireff 'the Pali'
language'
gj(5<d3uj(olLcay9 'the Turkish
language'
'Sita, the iîrsuem-eir 'Ravana, the
heroine of king of Siilanka'
Ramayana'
'strange, eîPevrr 'in detail'
wonder'
G R AMMAR
23.91.215. The perfect verb is a compound verb which is constituted by a
verbal participle and the verb root ^ 'be'. Example :
uiTUf -I- ; urTuû3(i^ Gaehe)S'uuiL + ;
GoGTTSlS'uULLlr)-
Like other verbs, this is also inflected for tense, person, number and gender
(Refer 2.13). The conjugation of this verb is effected always on the basis of
the verb root ^(5. This lesson, in particular, introduces the present perfect
verb. Example :
23. 91. 215. jBireir L^GsnerreîusbGeo uLj.Ji#(5@(2(r)6sr.
u fr L}-of a g5(27 fBj a.
The perfect verb has no corresponding negative form as other verbs. However,
its corresponding negative is often expressed by the neuter past participial noun
and the negative verb ^6b(o)6D in addition to the simple negative (which is
expressed by infinitive and -Qeo). Exainple : rBfresr /irmfruJswr^Q^LJ U^<<B
GasfrsiS'iJuilij^sbGlso; /BireJr pr/rtDfriusiwr^Qû u^Â QasheSuuiQeo.
It is important to note that the formation of other non-finite forms of the
perfect verb is same as the regular verbs.
23.91.216. The dative case marker has the me ning of'fromto' when the
noun, to which the case marker is added, is reduplicated as follows.
Qiifry?(g Glmfry? 'from language to language'
iBrrLL(5(g ^fr 'from country to country'
Example :
23. 91. 216. ^fB^ (olLD/Ty?<B(g QijOfry? siS'^ûjfr^LDfr
(TfrtDfrujsiroTU) /Bfril* / BIT eB^ûjnsûyn
Lesson 91 / 747
23.91.217. is a particle which means 'about'. It is always added to
objective case which consists of a noun and the case marker -sr. Example :
23. 91. 217. rbiTsir ^BlGlû u^^ GasheûuLLiq.(rf)a(^QrD6ir.
iSiiia ^^QîrGssreiîuirQevu u^â
Gmeh&5'LJUL-isi.(iT)A^rSiiim6nn ?
G asTT siJiJ LJ LL i_ ^ fib Glso.
Sandhi 4 0 . The consonants , ^ and tj are always doubled after
'about'. Example:
^/BG^/rGfflsTsiûj/rQeiJtJtj^^ +GmeheûuLLu^(!T)Aig)rffmiaemT
^^G^nGoiTeifajiTQeuuu^Â GmefreûuiLtq.(rf)i(^rS'iimerTrT?
LJ iij. * <K (gG (D sir
[T/TLDfriLJsrorLci + ST ? (r/TLOfrujsaBT^Q^ (Refer S.17 in 2.13)
îB^GliniTL^ + ^Geo îB^QmnûS'Gso
aQai + STâsGI^Quj
Gltn/rjûJ'Gso + S-ih ^QwnLû^Geoiqih
ûuii^ + sTsbsOfrti) ^ûun^Qiusbeonth (Refer S.8 in 1.5)
<:^!J#iQ)<. + ffifnl(Si@ ->c9)!r<r!'5 a/rLLffi@LJ (GuiT(tr}(!T).
Refer S.31 in 17.68)
(T + >fiLl@ (Refer S.16 in 2.13)
(TfrLDiTUjeiroTjsQ^ + GLJJTQSU > îTLDinuemT^Q^Lj GunQeo *
ijirinniusm^Q^ + û^jpGeo ^ ir/itofTUJSBBT^Q^^ jSL(9jpG60
^/BG^/rGssrsiûjjrQeu + LJJSJS > ^/BG^frGssrsiôj/jQeuLJ Ucsâ
(G6fr6iS'uuili4.((5@(!j(Bj6trT ? Refer S.20 in 2.17)
(
1
UNIT 23
LESSON 92
VISITING THIRUPARANKUNDRAM
D I AL O G U E
m^î^th : ST65T65r C5!r6i%, C/BjBgj
miremQeoQuj, sriiiGm
Gunu5'^^G^6iT.... fiiiia
6TUU cS/G1(D@ SU/BjS-
What Suresh, you were not seen in
(your) room yesterday. Where had
you been ?
(I) had been to Thiruparankundram
....When had you been to my room ?
I had come at two o' clock in the
afternoon.
Lesson $'2 I 749
Is that so ? Mr. Murthi had come
here after his lunch. Both of us
went to worship. On. (our)
way back we bought rice, cereals,
salt, black peppec; cumin seeds,
mustard seeds etc,, for cooking. It
was exactly terv thirty when we
reached (our) room.
*G76i^ : ^LJUiq-iun ? in^ûjttastih
5pfr^j5 ^(BjGa su ^ ^ -
(J/BfST. 0 [T soiiT (5
Cu(5mir îriB (gi)L?t_
Q 6B err l i L/ O @) ub. eu p
euypui'Gso ^QmAi^p^-
@ ^ (P U (5 LJ L) ,
S2_ijq, QicOT, <#!rir),
<3B@ CTsbsorriii sufrrsjig-
G(g)Lb. cS/!olfO@ SllfBg/
G(ni5@2j@u Guijii3-
(jfBj^fBiasctrfr ?
(9rG(r6i^ : GuiraQeoGiu. sjeir ?
w/BjSirtb : G/BjSg; u? (go) tl rf"
6Bst)uj/T6iwTin ^fiblolsDujfr ?
..-GaiTuJ'fibGsO (ol(r/TLbu
siS'GffsiîDfr @ (5 /B } -
(j5iS(gLb. jSpiim ieifeir
fUDirA) u <s <s ^ g; G 60
cSytbinsir sar(f6U60<5(o)îJ
ufr(f^^(5UL?raaG6Tr
A^Gfrei^ : ^t)(Dl60....U(T/fa5(olsD(Bji3B.
D R I L L S
a. Variation drill
23. 92. 21S. /BT6sr ^(iûu!jiii^^p^Â(j^LJ Gunu^^rfffiGêsr.
jSiiim erriiGs Guiroi'^/B^'BJa ?
23. 92. 219. /ffBias .^/ibtoesr aarffsuso^QîJ unif^^(rûLSmia.
Had (you) bên to Meenakshi
Amman temple,?
(We) didn't go. Why ?
Yesterday it was goddess Meenakshi's
Wedding day, wasn't it so ?(It)
might be a grand function in the
temple. You would have seen
Amman's procession near the Town
Hall, wouldn't you ?
No...(We) didn't see.
b. Build up dri l l
(i) jbireir G^^^
Gu(T iL? (5 fBGjS65r.
/B165T GjBjBgj j5(5LJUjrrei@6Jr-
p^â>û.Guitu3(tf,^Gôn.
(ii) jp/T^^ w^îunesTih
ff(TLJL5'LLi_ Quno^ ^riiGs
6U/B^(/5fB^/T.
(iii) /Sm/ L_gij6Jrsi/r)iT6b uAas^-
(iv) G/E^gi* GmrruS'ebGeo
eiS'Gffsi^LD/r
G&iJuS&DGeo
Grb^^
c. Expansion drill
(i) (ipff^^ SU/B^ffJ/BÎT.
^rejG 6u;Bi(5fBîTc5
GLjfru-5'(/5;&G<s6Br
^([5UU!r(Ej(g65rfD^gi(gLJ Gu/ rii?-
(5/BG^65r
GLj/Tii5(5/BG^65r
/Bfsir G/ B ^ g j <5(/5Lj(r(Ei(g65rfD55-
gj<s5@tj GufruJ'(5/BGfS6ST.
(y5if<s^ iB^jûjrreffriJb ff(ruL?LLi_
<o)u(D(S ^ fB iGa su/BjScs/BjS'r.
li/B (5/B ^ T (5
^fSjGdB 6)J/BJS(5;B^T(/5
u fB (5/B ja T (5
^ ( B J G 6IJJB^;B^<T((5
(olLin3@ ^(B/G sujB ^cj/B ^fr.
fEj i_si;65rsvD(r6b uias^gjGeo
înmsar aai/rsuso^GljSLJ
unn^^(QuiSiii&Gen !
unH^^CiTfLJLSwj&Gerr !
LSmi&Gerr !
rSiLDLDGST ssaneueo^Qû
unii^^(rr)ULS!iia,GeiT !
uAgi^^Geo ^thinesT OBiifeu-
eo^Qû u)T/r^^(f5UL?fBJ6bGifr .'
G/B ^gja GasTui'ffljGsu siyG^siînir
^/B jS(!5ii).
^(5fBi(5@ij o
5'G<9=i%u3iT @;B^(!5(gii
GafruiisijGeo fflS'GffsiûDT
^C5;B<cf5@ii>
G/B^gj<s GamiPsijGso eiPG^si^tDT
^(5;B ^(f5@tri.
<ip/r^^ ffUJB^CfSJB iS/T.
(ii) 0mia QuiruSa^^^mi&smr ?
(iii) ; ?fB; UJrrr^^(5LJL?/ Ej.
Lesson 92 / 751
tuiTSSTih ^ f B j G a sufB^csiBsSir.
;f(5j Gufrui'(f5;B^'B'<35srrfr ?
/ff/Bias GiS5/Tiii'Q2j(gu GLJ(nL?(5/ B-
(i) Q: G/ B^gj 2_/Ej<56(o)67r rSiQpuS<(B60 airernQsoQiu.... sriiiQa
GufruJ'((5/B^fBi ?
A : jS(i5uu!rmi|gJT(r)^gj<SE(giJ Gu/ rui' ^fBGdisir.
(ii) Q : iBfîLS .îbinsffr Q6inii3Âig,u Gunu3(rf)p,^!iia6iTtT 7
A : QutrmQeoGiu '.
(iii) Q : ^liiixisir aarifcuso^Glû uirff^^ûLfiEjasGerr
U/Tff<B(Dl6l5liJ(T ?
A : uiTiimmQeoiiia.
(i) fBTSiir 01x^(15(5/60^657.
verb accordingly.
UIT(5
6U/t
(ii) jfifE/a u(T/r^j5(5ULfn5j<s6.
verb accordingly.
en IT
urrQ
/BTeJT GurTa5(5rBG<E55r.
/BT65T LJ(T/f^j(5/BG^657.
rBiT65r *frLJLS'LLir).(5/BG^65r.
(BT6S7" 6U/B<(5/B0^6(jr. .
iBTsir Q<f iiJj(5/BG^sJT.
rbiTssT (ol#/r6b66'(i5(5(BG<a65r.
/BffeJT u[i).ff#(5/B0^65r.
iB(i65r (gii)LS'Llis).(5fBG^65r.
/f/EJaS U(T/T<Sj(5Ll'L?(5i.
/fmjiS 6U/B<(5LJLffEJffi.
/ffS/(9S LJ(T(i)-(i5(5LJL?mi.
j f nsia g>u)-ai'(5uii'fBJ.
7$2 I An Intemtve Course in Tamil
QseneSuu
(iii) Gainu3A)Qeo ^(rj/ BjScsa^Lb.
Substitute and cliange the
verb accordingly.
ff/ruL?
(iv) /BneJr Qunu3^^G^&sr.
verb accordingly.
(v) / Ei unn^^(!f)\liiSm&.
verb suitably.
(vi) finiiia î^^ sunms(^Gi^th.
Substitjte
U(gLJl_/
<olsUfBJfTIiJli)
a_LJq
a s
f. Transformaiion drill
^liia g^miSaS'(ir)UiSiiis.
GmiTuS'&iGeo ^mSu3(!âîl>-
G&iTu3ebGeo u^j((5u).
GmiTiiS'AiGeo ff/TUHJilLj-âouj.
GmiTu3A>Gso ^miSuS'(!f)AQd).
Jbireir Gunu3(i^p>GêiT,
TBirmia GuiTu3f!f,^G^nih.
rbiTLCt Gunu3(rf)^Gînb-
j f GufTu3(!T)fi,G^.
îiim Gunu3(jT,ffi^mia.
/fmjas una^^(rfjUiSmia.
unlf^^(rf)uGu.
êueir unii^0(ir)UuiTeir.
.cSjsu u(iff^^(i5uufr.
.cîsuiBjffi ufrfr^^(i5iJufrrBJas.
jbnrsia îffi euiriii^Gis)th.
jbiTiiim Qjssb SLi/rrsi^Ccîi).
fitiriiis S-iQ^^gii euiTtii^Giîh.
fbrrram LJÛI-{ euniii^Gîh.
fSTfEja Qeumi&aiLHh eundii^Gi^b.
jBiTfEias a_ijq j(nE/@Gig)ii).
IBfTfEjaS (olU36TrO 6IIIT(5/G(g5)ti).
piTiBja ^!f&th eiiiTmi^G{îh.
^(TiBjas ai@ 6ii:rrai(gG(6B)Lb.
(i) jbireir ^(iûui;mi(êirp^-
Âû GuirGesreir.
Tbireir ^(r{)Uuym(êiTp^Âû
GuiTuSciTijbGêiT.
Lesson 92/753
jbTmia a^QinAQaîTih.
(ii) /BT657- jS^LJujr/BfgsarjDjS-
g / @Li Gufriif' ^/ BG^sJr.
/brrmis .yQusî^tijfBG^/Tixi.
(iii) (Bfrsir jS([)>iJLJ!rns)(g6a7-rD<s-
jbireir ^(iT,uui;iiiig,eirp^Â(aF ,u
GufruiifjaigGfDffST.
jbimja euiimiSu3(ir)A(QG(ir)ih.
iBiTSsr iS((5iJiJ!rfEi(g65rjD<Bg;(g.
CufTUJ'(5tJCLJ65r.
tbniiiA euiTiiiSu3(ff)uGunLb,
EX ER CI SES
g. Fill, in the blanks using the cues given in parentheses as in the model given
below.
Model : p,ijeir SU/ B^C!5JBG^6ST. (noon)
jbieir in^îuTemb eufi^(rf)fiG^sir.
(i) jbnriim a^niB -f ^ GlaBsirtiL/GigjLb. (worship)
(ii) /f + eru unn^îiiaenn 7 (procession)
(iii) ^niiia su(r(B/@C(SB)ti). (rice)
(iv) fi[X!ii& su(T/Bi(gG(g)ti). (black pepper)
(v) jbniiia euiTiii^Giîb. (cumin seeds)
(vi) ffinriia euaiii^Gtîb- (mustard seeds)
(vii) jbTiiia euiTiiii^Giîb. (cereals)
(viii) jbuiiiA 6Ufrnsi(gC(6B)iri. (salt)
Example : GLJTUJ*C5 '^'-"^ + Perfect.
(i) a i r ^ + Perfect :
(ii) rnuiS + Perfect:
(iii) (giriL? + Perfect :
(iv) Qmrribt-i + Perfect:
(v) u/r(5 + Perfect :
i. Fil l in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated form (past) of the
perfect verb Gurrui' -
(i) jbirarr ^(5L/Lj{rmy(g6BTflj^gj<s@LJ
(ii) rbirmia (oljresirT Gudjiofr
(iii) ^liia Gi/TUJ'@2/u
(iv) ^susj r
j . Change the given nouns into the dative of direction and add at the left to
the verbs in the sentences given below.
(i) jûutrfBJ@65T(DU) ; jbirsir QuniL9(rf)^(S^siT.
(ii) ? : fiiiis eruu cu/ Bô/ B^' E/ a ?
(iii) Gdsirui'sb : rinmia Qifem GucjLO/r <o)6TririqG(g)U).
(iv) ^/(olfD /BTiBJ oUjBgJ G<f (T/BG^mi).
k. Change the given nouns into the locative and add at the left to the verbs
(i) c9(<o1(D SI_(Bl(ol6Tr<SB cSfrsiTOTGlsoGuj .'
(ii) GmnuSeb : Qijniiiu oS'Qa'&înn ^(fj / Bôaîr)-
(iii) i_6iy6KBT6jfl3fr6b ; jSriia ^LDLDeir aariisucOcsSljSiJ
(iv) sijy? : Sbniiia îfS, u^ i j q erebisoinh aj frm/ oGigj ii.
1. Change the given nouns into the objective and add at the left to the verbs
ssaiieyeoib : ^mia, unrr^^crûiSmisGsn I
îiia : GfB^g; ^QpuS'Qeo mnamQeoQiu I
srebeoiTth : (BfffEia Glmsrr, Stfsih eufrm/^Gtsptii.
9!TtB : 0iiia G/ r(L?6bG6U (^LbiSiLiii.iijsenIT ?
m. Fil l in the blanks by transforming the cues given in parentheses into the
verbal nouns.
Model : (a^Qm)
(i) ( nr@) / ; (v) ( LbiJ)
(ii) (SUIT) (vi) (^(5)
(iii) (fffruL?) (vii) ( uf r)
(iv) (QaenthLj) (viii) (euiriij^)
n. Join each of these pairs of simple sentences into a complex one as shown
Model : rbiriiim su(TfEj(gG(6B)ii.
rbniiim g'QLDuGumh.
Lesson 92 / 755
(i) GuiTSfff isiasTTT ?
/ffma aar/ffiiiSOjsQû u/r/ftJiJ'mjas.
(ii) ^nmiA Q&emht^tîb.
(iii) (BfresT 6ii|B^(5;BGg5r.
o. Join each of these pairs of simple sentences into a complex one as shown
Model : iBfrear aûuiStLGidir.
QunofS^, jbiTsiT GunGesTeir.
fBT6sr 6F(TLJL?L1L_ Qup^ GunGesreir.
(i) ibiimiaa= QmS= Gffnib.
Gl upj ^, (BTfEJds 3'iTutS'tLGirrih.'
(ii) ;s/Tnsj35 G/ riL?g2/ @u GuiTGis)ih.
Quj D, jbiriiia ffniBQium îbLSiLGiirih.
(iii) /Bffsj aar/ T6u6D^Q^LJ un/rjsCS^nrii).
Qunj ig, /BfT/Bja (f/ nuTsir 6u/im/(gC5!g)LD.
(iv) (tp/T^j5 @mj G
(i) 6U;BJ + (ii) ssrneijeoih + er :
uirrr^g) + : ua a i i + S-Geo :
ffi/ Bg; + ; <5tJU(r(5;@6sriDLD + 2_<s@
(i) jSiiia Gjb^Â a=/r(ip6!WTij- tD0t)@L; Gu/TuJ'(5/B<'Bi6n'/T ?
(ii) ff/BJds #(olij3@(Dgj<S(g 6T6iir(olST65T6ffr eurrrii^rffmim ?
(iii) / f(Bi G/bjSgJff (?iTUj(BJFrULb 6i!D(rsYOi_g2/(giJ Gu/ riuff
Gffff/Bdsuu er^^Qsar 106115? ?
(iv) jSiiim a^niB UI LPL 6T(EJG Guir&^tiis ?
(v) jfiBja ^tj9(puuni^G1^ /Bsbsonu uir).i9=#(f5LJL?(5i, êoGso ?
(vi) G/ B^g / a_fE/ /B6iRn-U(5 ^fsiGas eufi^(!f)^^nijn 7
(vii) (fPBias ^rBj G nj / B ^ (olunj^îTssr îB\fiA SesPmn
ufriTj5^(f5UL3'nBj, ^sbGso ?
V O C AB U L AR Y
( r ^ j / 'see' OILLS' 'worship'
'rice' U([5iJL/ 'cereals'
sa_iJL/ 'salt' Qinsrr 'black pepper'
î;mih ' 'cuaiin seeds' s 'mustard seeds
n^Cffsi^LD 'grand' cîiiiDsir 'a goddess'
îbwesr
ssaifeueoih 'taking a goddess
in precession'
G R AMMAR
23.92.218. This lessen introduces the past and future perfect verbs. In the
previous lesson the present perfect was introduced. As it is indicated earlier,
the conjugation of this verb is effected always on the basis of the verb root
^(5. It takes the past tense marker - / B J S-
Example :
23. 92. 218. [btreir j ^dj iJUirmj ^sirpa^gj agu GuTiti' ^/ sG^cir.
23.98.219. The tense marker - u u - is added to the verb to denote future
perfect. Example :
23. 92. 219. nsja ^l iiinsBr smirsveo^Q^tli urriT^^(iûiJiiia.
Sandhi : j(5iJu(rfBj6JTp3^gj(g + Gu!ru3(iT)fiGêsT >
Cd5)rii5g2/i@ + Gurru3(!T)F b^mimefT!r ^ Ga/ ru^gj / agL/
Gu(rui'(5fB<fHia6inr ? (Refer S.18 in 2.14)
@u)L?L_ + (olassTTiiL/Gigjii) >ii)L5'L-<36 6)sn LbqG(g)ii) (Refer S.29 in 15.56)
aarifffljsUjsGljS + unA^^^LiLSmiaGefT ^ aarrfcusOjsGljStJ
uirfrjS^CjULffBiaGfiTT- (Refer S.20 in 2.17)
I
UNIT 23
LESSON 93
ASKI N G FO R A JOB
D I ALO G U E
: ereir G u (feiS'iiis. p, n m
S-iiimQerru u /r /r a
6 u; B ^( 5( B ( g Gpssr .
(tp^îT rbiTi^ mrrQeouSGeo
6UjB<(5;BG^6ijr .... /fnsja
6i?il(5G6U êbQeo.
webeoiuujfT : er^^Qesr LD em? A
p-si? : /rQ60iL?Gu ^ (tp LD Bjf A @
su/B ^ (5 (sG^ sir.
Vanakkam, sir.
Vanakkam.
My name is Ravi sir.I have come
to see you. (1) had come day before
yesterday (also)...You were not at
home.
At what time had (you) come ?
(I) had come at seven o'clock in the
morning.
meonih .... ff fP, ST 637 ssr
P'ei? : ^nm i3. ej. suQij Ljti)_<f #(5.5-
6VJ60^g;CB60 67^(T61JgJ
iD6b60uJujfr ; ^ LJ u QeuQeo &n e&
êoQeoQuu \ Gun esr-
mnsF ih 6^(5 Qa^tueorrenii
GeuQeo îre&iuir ^(5/ 6-
<o1rr^<(5LJGusiT.
(S/B^gj^Teir 6p((5<s<sQjT
'Sifiib GsuGleoa /finJ-
iî <j= # (5 @ Co (27 li) .
^6iifCLD, ermJiBSTrfrGlso
OJTgj..../f/BJ <:9/LJq{DLD/T
6U/5g; uirHA^nîiimsfTiT ?
1^6^ : #fP/B;65, su6iiiTrm.
At seven o'clock ? Had (you) come
at six o'clock you would have seen
me. . . Alright what is the matter ?
I have studied upto B. A. . Can you
give me if any job is vacant in your
office ?
There is no vacancy nOw. Last
month, there was a Secreta* v's post
vacant. Had you come at .lat time
I would have given (that job). (We)
have appointed a person to that job
only yesterday. We cannot do any-
thing now. Can you come and see
me later ?
Okey sir...Vanakkam.
Vanakkam.
LQ6U6Uujuj/r : 6us!rarasLD.
DRI LLS
a. Variation drill
23. 93. 220. jEiiis ^ u u aj / j ^cs/ B^T QatTQ^^(tûGueir.
b. Build up drill
(i) iStsia c^pLDSBof (g 6IJ;BJ5-
(5/B^friJ u/rff^<(f56V)(Tii>.
uair^âîaeorrih
^piflSBsPaB
u/r(T^^(5a60frLb.
unii^^qf)S,asonih
sij/Bj^dJ/BiSiTtJ unn^^(it)&ga6Cinih
^pix)6B5Pa(g eufB^cj/BiSfru
un (f jS^(5ffi6Ufrtn
/ f (EJ cJ^pii6BtrPi(g eup>^(!f)^^nu
U(T(fj5}^(5sv)frii.
Lesson 93 / 759
(ii) $ima c^pireirof' a ffu/B^-
/ f f a a
c. Expansion dril l
(i) fBT65T 6DfB^(5fBG^65r.
dBdIolsDUJ'GsO ffU/B^dJ/bGjSOTr
(ii) ;BTsir ( ol ad^^^c^L/ Gussr.
;f/Bi<s sufB^cS/ B^f' *
(juGusffr
(iii) j f fB/<5 U(T/T^^C5<!fiSV)/Tll.
6V/^jS(5/B^(TLJ UITIT^^(!T)Aa-
SOITlh
(olffifr(5^^C5LJGu63T.
<ola(T^^(5LJGusr
s)jfB^C5/5^nr<a Qfr^<(f5LJGu65r
(o)a/7@^^(5L'jGiJ6sr
(ol65/T(5^^(5LJGu6Br.
jbiresT Qj is^(5/ BG^6sr.
/ BTsir asnQsuuJ'Gso eu/ B^cj / BGêar.
jB/isBT (ipii)^rTibir:T^ anQeouSQso
/BTsar (ol/r(Si^^c5LjGu6ar.
/BTear jfmjds SU/ B ^CJ/ B ^T ' S
(al66fr^ji'(f5LJGLJ6ar.
JBISar <:^pLD6SBf @ fSns/ds 6 Uf B^-
(^fB^fra Q6B/T(5^^C5LJGLJ6BT.
ffffB/as Ljfr(T^^(g<5ast)/ni).
;f r5J6S 6i/(B<^(!5/B^TLJ u/ rtf^^-
isasGO.Tixi.
(f fsi<5 ^ptneaaPdsig su/BiÔiB^frLJ
LJ/r ft ^ ^ (5 <B60 (T li).
(i) Q : 6T^^(ol6ar LDcaaPa 6U(B^(5/B^f6/< ?
A : <5/r(olsoui'G6D ^(ipLD6BaP@ sufB^cJ/fiGtSsar.
(ii) Q ; 67ja/rsug; GeuQso afrsiS'ujfr ^( j f B^Ti i (ol<a/ T
(iii)
A
Q
A
^LJLJ GsuQso aiTsi? ^stiQeuGuj ?
/f/SJiS c:9yLJL/pL0(T SUfBgJ U(Tfr(g(iyiBJ6B6Tr(r ?
(i) (f (BJ LJ(T(TiS^(f560(Tin.
verb accordingly.
eujT
ST(ipgJ
u/ r
;ffBJS ufr/f^j(5<SB60(TLb.
';6B 6T(ip^(L?(r5a56U/nXl.
;f/EJ<s tjiTnîL?((5a60frii).
G&eh&S'uu
(ii) jB/TsJr <o)/7(5>^<Sc[5LiGuar.
verb accordingly.
u/ r
&
(iii) QffujsOfrsir/f dsuQeo ane&iun
Substitute
@IX>(7ST065(T
Clu(rfT#(Puj(5
1. Transformation drill
(i) rbiTGsr uniTsa euGpsJi.
(BTsir (ola5fT(gGn35T.
(ii) /BfTsir (S1a=uJ^(f5(gGfr)6aT.
/BTffiJr Ljfr/f^^(5<B@GfDffiir.
(iii) jBfreJr (o)ff(5^^((5/BG^6sr.
fBfrssr (ol*iLJ^((5iBG^65r.
jLiresr u^-ff^^/ BG^ssr.
(iv) /BfeJT (o1ffirT(5^^'(5LJGu6sr.
(bisjr Glffuli^cjuGussr.
/BTSST UlI).<?.#'(15LJGu6iJr.
^liis GsefreûuLLu^(rf)AaeonLb.
/frijaB /ffujoJff^âsasofrLO.
/BT68T (ol<r7(5^^(5LJGL)6iJr.
/BfTsir Ljn-/t^^(5LJGLjTr.
(JITSBT G1ffUJ^LJGu6iJT.
/Bfittjr T(Lpû3(!r)uGueiT.
rbiresT î^-ufûGussr-
(olffiL/sofrerrn- GsuGlso ane&ujir
@uD(rsn;^(T GsuQso /TS6'UJ/T
Gu!riT#(Puj([5 GsuGlso anediuir
GsuGlso airsiS'iufr
/B/TS57 un-fraa suJBjSc/jaigGfDSsr.
;Bi6iJr un/ r^^(5a@GjDS5r.
jBTsJr uiq.#,#(a(gG(D6BT.
/BTSBT G)65/r(5'^^(/5!5(gG/D6ijr.
Ibneir Gl<f KJ ^ ^ / B G ^ SO T .
fBTsir Q/T(S'^j(5/BG!a6Jr.
/BTSST LJl:j.ffi#(l5/BG^S5r.
/BisJT un/ raa su;B<5(5/BG^6ffr.
(bnsir u/ rff^^(5fBG^sJr.
/BTsnr Gl<sfr(5^^(5iJGLJ65r.
/BTSJT Gla=liJ^(5LJGuG5T.
Ibneir uuÂârjuGueir.
rbneir unnAa evfi^(rûGueir.
fbneir QanQ^^(rf,Ameonih.
Ibneir Glffuli^âassoirLb.
Ibneir uixf.A^(rf)Aaeonih.
Ibneir unxiAm sup)^(5<ssO(Tib.
jbneir unn^^(!T)A.3>eonih.
Lesson 93 / 761
E X E R C I S E S
g. Fil l in the blanks using the cues given in parentheses as in the model given
below.
Model : GsuGlso + ^ ^sbGlso. (vacancy)
GsuQso xireGvun ^stiGlso.
(i) 6^(5 Gei/Glso ane&iuir ^ o/ B ^ g J . (secretary)
(ii) S-iiis + Gso GsuGlso Glair.** jpuj-iquDfr ? (office)
(iii) spocB^Glir . ^ / B J S GsuGlsoa Afi^&fQQarfih.
(appoint)
(iv) /BirsJr SU/ B ^C^/ B G^SW. (day before yesterday)
Example : eu;b<($ SUIT + Perfect.
(i) Glair + Perfect :
(ii) ^lUiB + Perfect:
(iii) Glffiu + Perfect :
(iv) UL). + Perfect :
(v) iguj. + Perfect :
i. Fil l in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated form (past) of the
^perfect verb Guirid' .
(i) /ffiBj 6U/B<5(i5/B^fr fiteir
(ii) air.Glsoiij'Gso GUTUL?{(5JB^T ^ S U
(iii) cSjsu G(nli_iT@2yii êviiia
(iv) /Bffssr Gla=/r6bsi5'ii5'(i5/B^T ^liia
j . Change the given nouns into the objective and add at the left to the verbs
(i) fimjs : jbireir uirifAs 6uiB<5'@GiD5r.
(ii) @(!5!S^(5 jbiriiim G/B^gj<siT'6ir jSujiBASfiÂ^Ginrjib,
(iii) cSl/ B^GsuQso : iBirssr Gla5ir^<5([5iJGueJr.
k. Change the given nouns into the instrumental and add at the left to the
verbs in the sentences given below.
(i) jBfTiBJa spssBTûtb Qa= iuuj(ipuûjir^.
(ii) jbireir : LJH)-ffi#'(5ffi (tpiîqib.
(iii) cS/su(5 : c^gytBssaf <S(gu u/ rf f j a^âa ^^.ujfr<sir ?
(iv) fiiiia : rS{?>fb GsuGlsoa cSjsuGljr jSiuiBa= fi(iÂai (ifiuîurr^.
(v) (biTin :(tpfiîTjbiTir^ a/rGlsoiii'Gso SU;B<S(5<S6 Ûf-iîn/ r ?
Example : ijirT^<<sdieOTii u/T/fjS>S(5 +
Put. Subjunctive,
(i) 6iJ/Bj(5 + Fut. Subjunctive :
(") @i B! ^ + P"*- Subjunctive :
(iii) LJ(ij.#i'(5 + Fut. Subjunctive :
(iv) fr^<((5 + Fut. Subjunctive :
(v) ûjiBASriT) + Fut. Subjunctive :
m. Give an answer with suQfr upto/until to each of these questions using
the cues given in parentheses.
Model : jSisis, uiq.S'S(!âiQ)rffiiiaerTn ? (L?. SJ)
^wiT. iBisJr L9. 6J. stjQij uii)-cf#(5igG(D6ir.
(i) a_(6i .^^suecs^^Qeo GeuQso aireffiurr ^ / B ^ ^ f r ?
( ( ip@y su(!56i^ti)
(ii) jSiiis mnQ60u3Qso 6I?L_G60 ^(JUL?mj aerrff ? (ej(ipi>eist!p)
(iii) ^liim eresriaiTsi mn^^^rf/^^tiimefrn ? (Qp^^n^nt(jf)
(iv) (olffujfiUfrcrrit GeuQeo mne&vuif ^ / B ^ ^ f r ? (ugg)ir#u))
n. Give an answer with 'if-clause' to each of these questions using the cues
Model : ^nssr ffi_fi/(o)6iriJ ui7/f^^(5iS60/TLDfr ?
(c:^gyir)6!J!jPa@ SUI B ^ )
LJ(r/f^<(5i60(TLb.
(i) ;ff(Bja5 ^jBjS GcuGleoQuja (ol<s6fr<s^((5LJL3'fEjas6Yr(r ?
(ii) jfrnJiB ersJrQeitr j GlffiusOfrfffrif GeuQeoa ;fiiiJii9ff.#(5LjL3'(B/6Bsrr/T?
(iii) jf fBj GfBjSg/6ij;B^C5'J'-?'^'*srrfr ? (/f ffiia ei f i l ^Geo ^(5/6^(15)
(iv) ^mim QmnQ^^ftTfULSmimsnn ? (GsuQeo mne&tuir ^(S/ Bj S. '
(i) jBTSsr Gjb^Â Qa^nebe&uSdTffi^n fSmj ^f sj Ga
6u/ B^C5LJLf mjaBsiTfr ?
(ii) /BT6sr u<sgJi-((TuJ G<BL-tr}-(5/B^fr /fffs;* Qa/ T^^^dj ULJfB/ asrrrr?
(iii) SL_mja inGleirsi? ^nsj Ga 6DIB^(5;B^T ^riim aar( 5 @L/
Gu/ritS'(5<5in/TL_ifi.(s/, ^sbGso ?
(iv) s_iii& tnOewei? ^liiGm eu^^(Q^^n ^riia eriiiGs
(v) /ffmia arrGleou^Gso 6u;B^(5/B^fr Gujrfrrf'fPiijQiru
Lesson 93 / 763
(vi) fimia, eTil(5iu36TOf i g ijuSeoQeo (IuiTu3(rf,p)^!r
Ujfi(ol(s)<5iD6S!rP@jS <roT(5<aebg2i@iJ Gurraj'âaseOfrLD,
@6bG60 ?
V O C AB U L AR Y
'day before
yestarday'
'office'
'matter, news'
vacancy
'secretary'
'appoint
G R AMMAR
23,93.220. The future perfect always implies the 'conditional' meaning and
is used as a subordinate clause in a complex sentence. Let us consider the
following sentences.
23. 93. 220. jSrBiA c^tJu eu/Sj^cj/B^friss Qaur^^^frûGueir.
(brrek QîTQ^^(ir,u(Su6iT 'I would have given' and jf fsj uiTii^^(rf,aa60iTih
' You might have met (me)' are the main clauses in the above sentences.
^riis rSftliu su/B^(5/B^/T 'had you come at that time' and / gma
iDsroPa su/BjficSJBîr 'had you come at six o' clock' are the conditional
clauses subordinated to the main clauses. Although the conditional clause is
at times not expressed overtly, the presence of a conditional clause is inherently
understood by the future perfect verb. Example : jf fi/ a îhinaiT ssnAeiieo-
^Qû unn^^(iT)Ui3iii&; Gtb^Â GmiraSAiQeo n9Gfffflîi(r ^ / B j S -
aigLD ; finesT Qair^^âûQueir ; fimis, uiriJ^^îÂmeoiiih etc.
Sandhi: S-iiiaQsir + unirAa S-mjaQenu unirAs
srcJrQsBT + ufr/ f^^âaeoiriii eTssrQsBTU Ufr/ f^^âaeo/ rii)
^êueoauh + S-Geo > ^êueoa^^Geo (Refer S.17 in 2.13) ,
LESSON 94
HO L I D AY R E AD I N G
D I A L O G U E
OrGffe^ ; K^mrr, iSetViii ifit(tfi
^ U U IT 6 i ? i l G s o
@st)QfiOfBJ666Tr/r?
;r/T(yD; si-sfrGarr @6TP<9=J<5<SI1((5-
euiTiiis. te. ff/riJL?-
pJiBiasrrfT ?
Come on Suresh, please be seated.
Di d (you) come to meet (my) father ?
Yes, Mr. Ramu...Is (your) father not
at home ?
(He) is taking bath inside (the house).
(He) will come now. Woul d (you)
like to have a (cup) of tea ?
Lesson 94 / 765
No, thanks. Just now (I) had (a cup
of tea). What are (you) doing during,
this vacation ?
(I) am not doing anything specially.
(I) am reading novels, stories, dramas
etc. What are you doing ?
(I) am translating a novel from Tamil
to Hindi. Have (you) read the novel
'Kallo Kaaviyamo' written by Dr.
Mu. Va. (I) am translating that novel.
(I) came to see (your) father regard-
ing that only. In addition, (1) am
writing an article on the history of
Tamil literature.
* ( ! { r % ; (2i/siwn_iri6i. î JUj S
-jSfrisBT ^ T U L J I I
( tpQj DuJ' Geo 6T esT ssr
piTQfi ; 61? G * 61% U3 /r sp esirr ga?! ih
QfiuujQeoiiia. ititeiieb,
6BQ<S, rbnfL-mih srebeoinh
@G/D65T. ff(Bi<ffi ersoToTn-
-G(r6)% : gti'tpGsoui'cfjfBgJ ep
(5(gG{D65r. L . rr i _ (f
(ip. 6ii. 67 (jp 6sr
'aerrGerrfr airoSiuQinir'
UU).<J#(f5@p5'ffii6T7fT?-...
uj/7<B@G/D6Br. c9/g< e^s)^-
tuLDiT^îT^ ûuuQeuu
uiTiram eu G ^ sir .
cufeoiTgy u ^ 0 ^ (Si
atlSl!riqu) ST(ipî
ifn(ip : uuj@u6fr6ir GsuGleo Qa=uj gj -
. fii_Qi_a= Q<3=n6i)g2/GfD6a7.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
24. 94. 221. iBaeir spcrr, r[,(T^Qso Qwn^^QuujiT^âiLQ
^C5@GrD6i7.
jbireir jbiriâth SUITSSF SÂSILQ ^(5@G(D6ar,
j f(Bi 67607617 ( ol ÛJg j Jl l @(5@(I?(6ia ?
(You) are doing useful work. (You)
please remain here. I will go and
tell (my) father (thai you have
come).
O. K.
766 I An Intensive Com%& tn Tami/
b. Build up drill
(i) /BTSsr 6p(5 /BTSuQso (ûin^
QLDfry?(oluuJfrggjad5LL(5
/tirauGlso .
(ii) (BiTSJT jB/riism ffiu(T#a=*dBLl
^(5@Gf)565r.
/B/rsBT
(iii) ;ffsjffi GTsirsffr (olffuJgj.^tl
6T6S75r (oljUJgjdSL-
c. Fxpansion drill
(i) isflsar er^L^ÂSiLQ
^( 2) @Gp6or.
(ii) ^tliuiT (gsrf J s a J i l
aj-sfrGsrr (QSIPAffrASiLQ
Gl uuj f f j Sg i ai ^L- ^ a o G p s o r .
QiniryS' Gluujifggja^dSil
@((5<gGfD65r
@(r5@GfD6Br
6p(5 ibisxjQeo Qion^
rbiteisT sp rbnevQeo Qmn^
Quiurr^âSiL ^ AoG f D s oT .
^(f5@GfD65r.
6iJ(T.#<ya-iS.Ll(5 @(!5@Gp6ar
^(fj a^G/ Dear.
^(iffAf^rjffriia 7
61657657 QffUJgjd^LL ^(j a^j ifrBJa?
/BTsar 6T(Lp^d3LL ^@GrD657.
y5/T657 6^(5 L_(olj7 6T(ipâcfiLL
^(/5ai(gQ(D657.
/Bff637 ^6 0 Juj svjjreOTgy ug<! ep
G/D657.
,:9(tJU(7 U67rG6T7 @6TP#ft.5LL
(iii) ^liia S-Aairir^^SiLQ
Lesson 94 / 767
@f Ei .
(i) Q: ûuirQeuu uiriram eu^îiiaen-iT ?
A ; c^LOfr, ii?sfOL_(T (j/r(ip.
(ii) Q : ûurr QÎLQQGO êbQeomiserrir ?
A : 2_sfrG6ir têiPAa^mSCQ â^cnyiE/ *.
(iii) Q : ifl. a^TULfiSifiS'isiasfflfrn-?
A : Geusmri^rrmim.
(iv) Q : @/ B^ 6i5'(S'(ip(o1(DUL5'C560 ereireffr GlûJg/i^L-
@ @( JS' / EJ .
A : eiS'Qa'et^wiT epemûih QaF iutuQeoiiia.
(i) KSIUUIT (gs>Pi=<5.5LL(5
^ @( ! 7-
verb accordingly.
Si_<S(7
QiDTyJ' Gluujif
s'nuiS
eun
(ii) jBfrcJr (oliDfrj^GluiiJiT^gjaiSL.
@@G( D65r.
verb accordingly.
^ @( 2 7-
^ @( 2 7 .
^ @t a? -
@ @( 2 y.
ÛUIT S'ITUL^LLQASILQ
^ @( 2 ? .
.:S/ULjfr 6U/Bg;.*tl(5 @* ( n7.
^juuiT eT(LpÂSLLQ @ ( 2 ? .
^<B(SG{D6Jr.
@a@G(37ir).
(iii) /Bircir jbireuoD eua^SsreiSiL
Substitute
uniih
(i) ^ L J U T @6rf'a@(ay(5.
/Bfrsir Glti3jrt^<olLJUj(ia@G(D6Br.
iBfrsBT 6Ufr#a@G{D6Br.
jbneir 6T(y)gjGp36Br.
(ii) / Bfssr 6T(1P<5<SL.(5
/BTfisr Qu)/ ry?(oluujff j Sgj a^dBL.
jbniiia Qirnf^Qutun^ÂSC
QiBfrjjCQuujffjag/a.diil
^(5<i(sC/ D.
cS/cuesr QtcffyS'GlLJujfftSgya.dSil
cêi/(5 QtDirypQLHLi/rjSg/iB^LL-
^6iJ( B/ GlujiryJQuujif^gja.fiil
j STsir ffiG)^ eunSârASiL
^( 5 G{ D6 Br.
/BTfiJr | 6 T i _ i i eu(fSêF rASiL(
^((5<gG/ D65r.
^( 5 ( g G( D i r .
^([5(gGfD6Br.
flSiTSJr Lj(Tt_Lb Gunâ'ffrAStL
^tlTjAl^GjP&ST.
/BfTCBT GlLD/rjjS'Gll-lliJff^gJcS.sBtl
^(5Gfl36Br.
/BTSffr eunÂsrASiL ^0A^Gpeir.
Ibireir eT(ipÂSLLQ ^ a g j G p e i r .
; f (6ia TITULS'ILQASIL
/fre/ ereiresr Qffiu^SiL
Lesson 94 / 7G9
piresT a^nuLS'LLQASiL ^liia sresrsBT Qs'iu^SC
EX ER CI SES
g. Fil l in the blanks using the cues given in parentheses as in the model given
bel ow.
Model : @/ B ^ + ^Qeo srssrm Qaîu^SCQ
^(Tf/A^rSiiim ? (holiday)
(i) jBireir eunââÂSiLQ â^Gj osisT. (drama)
(ii) p(5 rbiTbuQso a^GjDSBr. (translate)
(iii) + Gso 6^(5 ai l ( 50! r sT(tpgjG(D6sr.
(history of literature)
(iv) 6^(5 ST(ipg;G(D6ir. (essay)
Example : suirâ^Â^tLQ euirS + Progressive
(i) QtD/rf^ Gluujrf + Progressive :
(ii) Q'fiu + Progressive :
(iii) 6T(jpgj 4- Progressive :
(iv) 2_ff((5 + Progressive :
(v) igsrP + Progressive :
(vi) (olaTsfag2/ + Progressive :
(vii) euiT + Progressive :
(viii) (ol(r(5 + Progressive :
i. Fil l in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated forms (present) of the
progressive verb eunfiSsiASCQ ^(IT>-
(i) jBTSsr
(ii) fiiiia ereJrssT
(iii) c^6U(5 ffiirevA), rbiriâih er&yeoirth
(iv) ^ u u n ^Q<5
j . Frame questions for the answers given below following the model.
Model : A. iBfrsJr QuiiTyS' (oluiuif jSgja<fiL-(5 ^( 5 @Gp6 Br .
Q.: jSiiia eTsJTffirr Qaîu^SiLQ â^f l f mi s ?
(i) A. ^(suiBja (gfoPAarAStLQ ^^(^(nyiB)*.
(ii) A. /BTSBT ibneueb sunSifmASiLQ â^GiDSJr.
(iii) A. ^si j GsuGlso Qj uJg j Jt l @c!5@(2?.
(iv) A. fiireir S-iairiffi^StLQ @(5@CJfl36sr.
(v) A. ^6 U( 5 miLCSQif (^(i^ÂSLLQ
k. Change these sentences as in the example.
Example : i^nesr uuf-A^QroesT.
(i) /BTsar a^rruiS'QQroeir.
(ii) êurL'a âPAînfraa.
(iii) =s(aJ(5 g i r / B; -
(iv) ^svieir uti).@(2765r.
(v) LJT(5gJ.
(vi) fftBiffi g>Q0mm.
(vii) / BTLD @ii).a@G(2?ic-
1. Change the given nouns into the objective ar)d add at the left to the verbs
in the sentences given below,
(i) /BTSusb ; jbueir 0tDfry?(o)uujir<agy<s.fiL.(5' @<s@G(D6Br.
(ii) /BiTt_<aBix) : /Bfrsir cuiri'âva.^tl ^<s@Gp65r.
(iii) ûuiT : jbiim unHAm SV/ BG^SST.
(iv) jBTfiir (olii3/ry?(oliLjujff^j<B.diLL(5 â^Gj oe i r .
m. Change the given nouns into the locative and add at the left to the
(i) .îuun : jtrreir QffTabgj/ GjDsar.
(ii) jgmia : /B/TSBT QaîrebeoQeo.
(iii) jbneir : êuiiis i;ffiu(imia.
n. Change the given nouns into the locative and add at the l^t to the verbs
(i) ^ / B ^ jbireir QiDrri^'Quujif^îAStLQ @iSB@Gp36ir.
(ii) eiS'QqpQno : $KI& eremesr Qa-iu^SCQ ^(iÂ^pffiiia ?
(iii) j Sii' tp : ^liia ^/ Bj S jhireuQec QinirffiQuiuirA(îffmiaerTn ?
o. Fil l in the blanks using the cues as in the model given below.
Model : jBiresr epemîh
(Glffuj)
jbireir epem^nih QfiuiuQeo,
(i) jbireir spstwr^j j iii
f ui r)
(afruL?(5J
(euir^)
(QiDir^^Quiurr)
Lesson94l77J
Fil l in the blanks using the cues as in the iiKidel givea below.
Model : j^nan^ eu^G^m.
( PI T )
jEireir LiiriracS AjjBGjSfior.
(i) /BTSBT eu^G^m.
(anrtjij' )
( erdpg j )
(sL-iaufiT,)
(GeuQeo Qa=uJ)
Fil l in the blanks in the following sentences with the correct pronouns
required.
(i) eunriia.
(ii) &_aair(5fb/s.
(iii) -. ffdUL?.
(iv) i^sfPAaÂSiLQ ^ a ^ a j .
(v) 3= ITUL5'L-(SASILQ 6urBQ<a6ir.
(vi) sreiresT Qaîu^SiLQ ^(TffA^îiia ?
Change these sentences into relative participles.
Model : Qp. eii. 'mehGenn airffffiuGioiT' erîpg/ig).
(tp. 6u. 6T(ipgj63r 'asfrCerrfT mneS'iuGinn'
(i) jbiresT jbiTL-aih eunÂgiASiLQ ^Â^GpeAr.
(ii) c9/J 6p G1^ eT(y)â<fiLL @(!5@(27(!5-
(iii) ^liia /BTsufii) uiq-a=a<SLL ^ a ^f i yf B j a .
(iv) ^sij((5 a=(7iJLj/T <jfnJLS'L.L_/r(f5.
(i) / f(BJ sremetsT Qs'iu^SiLQ ^(tfjAi^rffiiia ?
(ii) / fm/ a ejîreu^ rbirsuQso jau5'(p0u)(ry?iii'Gfii'(5/Bg/ Sltc/ry?
(S1uuj/T<sgja.LL â@; i?m; a 6r r nr ?
(iii) / fmia (ip. su. ffifipgysBr 'asfrGsirir anffSiLiGmn'
uuÂfifrTfA^nSrsimeniT ?
(iv) ;f(Bia ^ u u ^ <siJ?jp Liii). j f t a J t l âf l f mj 6 rr/ r ?
(v) jfm/a ei/ Kj Ca ^liiSASiLQ ^(fffA^îiis 7
(vi) ;ffmi lonîbG^n^tii s^mm u^QesreSAû uemth
(vii) ^riim^ u u ejîreu^ /BTi_Lb euiTSS'mASiL(^
V O C AB U L AR Y
ifi. 'tea'
si?{ip(o1(D 'iioliday'
GluDfTj^Quujfr 'translate'
il(5(o)(r 'an essay'
G R AMMAR
fffruL? 'eat/drink'
siSGffeiîi) 'speciality'
^60JujsvJ!r60/rp 'history of
literature'
uiuek 'use'
23.94.221. The progressive verb in Tamil is formed by adding -SiL(^
to the verbal participle form of a verb. See the following examples.
eunSAsr + SiLQ ^ ; 6u/T#<j=*ffi<SLL etc.
Like other verbs, this is also inflected for tense, person, number and gender.
The conjugation of this verb is effected always on the basis of the verb root
'be', as in the case of perfect verb. This lesson introduces the present
progressive verb. Example :
23. 94. 221. firrssT sp rbireuQeo (olt)/Tj^(o1uuj/f<sgj<5il.
^(5a(gGrtj65r.
(ffmia eresr&ST lugji^LL ^^(gfiy/Bjffi ?
Sandhi : ^ u u + jsirssr > ûu^^neir
aSeiûjLDiT + ^nssT > eS'&^VLimti^^n&ir (Refer S.21 in 3.20)
61? + Geo 6i?ilG60 (Refer S.16 ih 2.13)
si?(ipQ|D + ^G6 0 si?(yiG)jDu5'G60
/ B ^ + ^G6 0 ^/ Bûi Gso (Refer S.8 in 1.5)
ûurrSiLQ\ + Qa^neo^QrpssT > =9;tJu/T.^LlQL_a=
0a=fr6bs2iG{D65r (Refer S.22 in 4.25)
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UNIT 24
LESSON 95
ABOUT LEARNING ANOTHER LANGUAGE
DIALOGUE
9rCf {reî : Q (r n ew <s <s (S 0 ^
c95{bi-S'a=*diL-(5'(5/6G<s65r.
Suresh, before coming to Madurai to
learn Tamil what job were you
doing ?
(I) was teaching English in a college
at Rohtak.
Why did you think of learning
Tamil ?
STLD. 67. Ull}.<J=*d?LL(5-
û^jpGeo G u * p ij LI
6T6fa6DTii) aguewuin-
O/BGlsBTiJGLjfiiir.
(5(5jB^(Bia56irr( ?
cSi-Gjjeî : @b(o)6U(E/6s. ûu sjuu-
STCSriQ), eTe9T<S(^ 2_I_6!JT-
GeuessTuûj ^ eti ^ lu ih
Li jS G 60 ^L/ L/ i r
@/B^ QLDfTy?(Sluj Gei/Gfl)
jB/T6ar a p L3 u G u esT.
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ u eu ih
eruusmh sresr LCiesTSiGeo
u BT Q in iu ir ^^Bg;-
^HQfi ; ^QÂ G(g{Duu G\iîTthu
When I was studying in Annamalai
University, there were many Tamil
friends to me. Whenever they speak
in Tamil I used to listen to them
carefully. I often used to think why
shouldn't I also learn Tamil ?
Were (you) learning Tamil at that
time ?
No, sir. Then I was studying English
only always. Because there was a
need for me to get a job at that
time. Only (my) father was earning
in the family.
Will you teach this language you
are learning to some others also ?
Oh, certainly ! I will teach Tamil
(also) eventhough I am teaching
English. This experience will always
be green in my mind.
(I) feel very happy when (I) hear
this.
Lesson 95 / 775
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
24. 95. 222. JBTCBT c^fs/dieoti) {DL5'a=a,dBLL ^/BG^cir.
firiis erssroTrr QeuQeo uniJ^ÂStLQ ^(/jjEj^fEj* ?
24. 95. 223. ibireir (Dl-5'a=a^JLl ^(fjuGusir.
b. Build up drill
(i) /Bfrsar ^fSJisSeOLb a5{f)Lp<y*<K-
jbnsir
(ii) vSftJLJfT fflilUT^**^L_(5
(iii) /BTsJr c*<eira7"tg55)"5<ol60u
u6l)<sB(ol60ii<ss{p^gj Geo
cSfSBimsBjjicQsou uebaQsoA-
ajpa^^Geo
(BTSSr
(iv) i^neir îBQîLiih apiSaâÂ-
^ / B G ^ S S T .
@(5(BG^65T
îBiSrr.
ui^-iFgâSiLQ ^ O J B G J S S J T
c9(6ii!jTig35)ii(ol60u usbaQsOii-
@ / B G ^6 5T .
^T6B7 c9;6sifT(g35)LD(ol60LJ L/SOasOsU*-
@(f5;BG^6BT.
/Bfresr îBQffiiLjih apL^S'ai&SiLQ
^(tffuQueir.
@(51JGU63T
@(5UGU6ST.
7761 An Intenswe Course in Tamil
c. Expansion drill
(i) SbnesT uuj-âs-aJLL
6T;BG/B7(yiLD Ul^.3=aÂSL-Q
i ^ L L ^ ( J J B G J S S B T
G^sir
f566|gLD.
6T63r ujfiaravGet) ^(j/Bgj J L L
(iii) /Bfl'ssr aspiJ'iJGusJr.
î l ^(5/B^(TS2/ii) (Dti'iJ-
GusJr
/BTsir U I I ) - < J = * ^ LL ^(/5/BG<s6Br.
iB/rcBT ffT^Qrb7(ipii> LJti).<?*(ai^LL
^(BGêor.
jBTSBT cfîEji^fiO^GI^^îrsffr 6TJBG;B
fj(ipiii UI I ) . **<S<SLL ^(ijiBG^sir.
eT(BGfB!r(ipii UL).ff*a<fiil
@(5/BG^6sr
c9;g) sTsir LDSsrav-Gso LJ3i-(olLDUjfr
/BfTsir afDiJ'iJGuesr.
aroi-pLJGufflir.
(i) Q: iflgj;r<ai(g^ piBû uuâa eiiipg]A(g, QfiBsri^Qeo
A : GijireiDÂCSeo epa^ asogj/rrPaiiGso îsiSeoih
(ii) Q: ûuGeu a^giaJil ^(i^^îiiAerriT ?
A : êbQsoiBJds. c9jLii-i 6T(BG/B!r(ipLS ^fBi^so^GI^^^/rsar
(iii) Q: /fffHia uuj-ffava^tl ^c!5*@!D Qtflfrj^Gluj GsuGro
A : J*UJLDT.
e. Substiti^tion drill
(i) ffffBJds ûSiyj a^gjadSil ;f iEi jSuSijp a^gjaiSLL
^(j/B^fHiffifflfT/r ? ^((5iB^nsi<356iT/r
verb accordingly.
Lesson 95 / 777
verb accordingly.
(iii) @/6SJ'*'^ (!5*@Lb-
verb suitably.
Qurr
uQ
(i) c9;LJLJ(T a=LCLJ/TîS@(2J(5.
jbirm GffuQeouirifA(^Gp[)6iT.
fiiresT GaiL(ÂSiLQ ^(juGueir.
/BTSJr (ol/Btolew^waJil
n,j:dsT ^liiSASiLQ ^ U G L J S S T .
cS/gi GurTiuASil-Q ^(ija^ti.
/BfraJT GeuG'etiuniT^Â'Stl.Q
^(5@G/r)6BT.
gi(5(SG(D65r.
(ii) tûuff aîhunÂifÂSiLQ
^6U(f5 QfiOesTffSrASL-Q
(iii) jbireir A^ÂSiLQ
rbirsir a^ÂSiL(S ^(jîLGuM.
tSj6U(5 Q^QemifarAStLQ
EXERCISES
below.
Model : ejsir îBy> uuÂm^tiih'emîi i,- A^mjml
(think)
(i) /Bfrsar + ^ GaLLGLSsr. (carefully)
(ii) 6T6ffrd5(g GcuQsU 6U/T(Bia5 GeUSBOTtrj-UJ (5/B^-
(necesity, need)
(iii) cS/uuT iOLL;B^(r6ffr AaÂSiLQ ^(5fB<STfB/- (earn)
(iv) 6T6!irdB@ + ^ ^âiggj/Eja. (happy)
(v) @JB^ 6T6BT IDSSTftGsD ^(5/BgJ<fil:L ^([ja^LO.
(experience)
Example : <3B(Dii'<r<K<il(p afQii' + Progressive
(i) + Progressive :
(ii) iFthuir^ + Progressive :
(iii) G(gT5 + Progressive :
(iv) QjtQesT + Progressive :
(v) + Progressive :
(vi) Gsuuj + Progressive :
(vii) ^Ki(^ + Progressive ;
Lesson 95 / 77.9
i. Fill in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated forms (past) of the
progressive verb uu^fFarASiLQ ^(5.
(i) /Bfssr ^fEj^sOLD
(ii) j6(rfBj ^^\fi
(iii) eiesTsm
(iv) ^su((5 {Lint!f)SiLQi
j. Fill in the blanks using the appropriate forms (future) of the progressive
verb api3ifSrASL-Q ^(5-
(i) ^nssT îBip
(ii) jSiiiet ^p>^ QLOH^QIU
(iii) c9^LJLJI7 L DL L ^ L O ,
(iv) ^(T(ipLD îBjfi
(v) ibsmuîiia û9jp
k. Change these simple sentences to progressive sentences.
(i) (fmja sTffiJTSffT GstiQeo uirif^îiis ?
(ii) /BTsir ^liiSeOth {spiS'AGa'&ir.
(iii) ^/T6BT aiuesTLDirA GauGussr.
(iv) ^fisjr û9(p uuf.Aa QrbQesrAGa^m.
(v) ^îjun- o'lhunÂeFniiis.
(vi) /Bfisijr QiniT^Qiuai gijbLS'uGueiT.
(vii) eresT tcssravGeu ^c5*@S'-
1. Change the given nouns into the locative and add at the left to the
(i) asbgwP : jbTsir c^f5i<56i3jB(5)^ apiSAÂSiLQ ^(^^BG^fiir.
(ii) uetiaQeoA&yâih : jEfsir uisÂASil.($ ^(5/BG^65r.
(iii) LDSSTffr : eiuueijih us^QiDiurr âÂîb.
(iv) GfrrreiDÂ ; ^nesr GsuQeo u/r/f<sgj<s6id3tl ^^^Gâsr.
Model: ^tm& îBjS <o)iD(Ty9Quj<B
spiS'uLSmiserrn ?
(uj(r(5<B(aj)
fiiiis uLiT0sireijjiJ ^ ^ < B Qmnj^QtuA
[DL?iJLf(BJsrr(r ?
(i) jSiiim /B<s QiDiTifiQtuA sp}L5'uLSmiaerTii ?
( f f TUU)
(ffrdiGa)
(eriJuu}.)
n. Fill in the blanks by transforming the cues given in parentheses into the
verbal nouns.
Model : (evir)
(i) (QeuQeo u/r) (v) ( Ga)
(ii) (iDL?) (vi) (#mu/r^)
(iii) (QfiQenT) (vii) (uuf.)
(iv) ( Gu ) (viii) (ufr)
o. Fill in the blanks by transforming the cues given in parentheses into the
present and past relative participles.
Model : (UUF.9FFÂISIL.Q ^ j
Present
. (i) (GeuQeo uirn^îASiLQ ^c5)
(ii) fff)L5'#a^Ll @(5)
(iii) (QjbQesTAarASiLC^
(iv) fGil<sditl ^(5)
(v) (eimmiSASiLl^ ^(5)
Past
(i) (ifibuiTÂgîSLLQ
(ii) (G)LDiTy?(SluaJff^gj<sîl ^' )
(iii) (ffT(y),5.LL@)
(iv) (<yfruL5iu.*il @)
(v) (G)a=uJgj^fl g )
p. Join each of these pairs of simple sentences into a complex one as shown
Model : ^T65r uebsQeoAsjfiai^^Qeo unf-ffsâi^L-
@iBG^G5r.
ûu sT6i5r@ QrbQrouj fB6iTUra/6B ^fB^nrfBjaB.
ST6WcK@ QRBQFFJIU f5rarLJ(Bj<B ^/B<Sfr'5/a5-
(i) ;&miff iDgjQira cunbîs/ds.
^LJu if mjas erssretsT GeuQeo Qaîu^SiLQ ^([fffifimia ?
(ii) ibiresT ^liiSeoth afbLîFffrASiLQ ^/JGêw.
c9/LJu /Bieir îB^p uiq.A^^)iih'smîi QrhQetsrAGaêir.
(iii) ^BfTfflir i.ffftad^LL ^ / B C ^ S J T .
c^LJU 6T6Sr(g QrbQff)U-l ;BSWrLJfEJ ^(BcSfTfBja.
Lesson 95 / 781
(iv) <:5j6ufBJa <su?y)CJ6D Cuanggma.
(v) ^(rejr uuf. JwadSil ^ / B G ^ S B T .
Join each of these pairs of simple sentences into a complex one as shown
Model : ^(Tssr ûS'tp UU^.AS>ÎH.
(i) ibiieir îB\fi Guff^ytb.
(ii) rBfTLD ^Lfilfp l_;U).<B6Bii.l_fr^.
(iii) fSfTsir a__i_6Trirf.uj/r GeuQso SIJNMIS.ÎH.
Give an answer with 'if-clause' to each of these questions using the cues
Model: ^liia ^p,^ QIBU^^QIUA apLS'uLSiiiaerTiT 7
(^liiSeo^QÂ (DL?J9^^L. (5)
cînfr, ^riiSeo^Qâ apLSÂfiASiLQ @/B^(r@2iiB -^frsir
^fB<s Qwrr^Qium arbi-S'uGuesr.
(i) jf/iicSB <ai^y)iJuir)-cB (olfsGlsurff^/EiasTrfr ? (c!^(Bj(fieOLb
uuf-SaÂSiLQ ^(5)
(ii) jfmjdG c9(LJLjG6u îSjfi s^ÂSiLQ ^(jft^'EJasmr ?
(c^mjdiso^Q^ STFIGJBRRQFIIH UTQ-AORASLLQ
(iii) /ffiEjffi GcuGlso. Lj/T(ra66 G6iJSiraTii}.uj ^SUSIUTH Ô/J^^T ?
(c9(iJu(r FFIHUITÂEFRASILQ
Give an answer with infinitive + ai..i_/rgj to each of these questions.
Model : fBisw î^[p um-aaecniDii 7
(i) jbnesT GeuQeo uiriiAaeoinriiT 7
(ii) rbtreir ûutli Guaêoirinrr 7
(iii) /BTSsr <zu?(o)jp <5BfDi-5'<5<5Ba3/7in/r ?
(iv) ibueir GaAaeonwiT 7
(i) jf mj ^liiGa eupuu erdsresr GeuQeo unn^^mSiLQ
(ii) SL-iiim i^Qihu^^Geo (SeuGp luaQijebeonih aîhuir^'SfaiASiLQ
(iii) ^m)Gii5'(!5/Bgj GufrsisT Qupig,Lb ^p>^ Qtnir^Qtu
(iv) jSiiia a6bîPu3Geo uuf-AffrASiLQ' ^(rf)fiûu S-nsjaigrja^
apL?*a^ffiJu. ÛLffB/asTTfr ?
VOCA B ULA RY
a_L_6imi).uj(T 'immediately' ^SfeuîuLO 'necessity, need'
@tiu(xi 'family' sîbun^ , 'earn'
^ûeuih 'experience' liisB?.?^ 'mind'
LJ*(O1LD 'freshness' mSyÂS 'happiness'
G RA MMA R
23.95.222. This lesson introduces the past and future progressive verbs.
As we mentioned earlier, the conjugation of this verb is effected always on the
basis of the verb root 'be'. The past tense marker of this verb is -^.a-
Example :
23. 95. 222. (BTcir ^tmSsOih apL9AmASiL($ ^(fjiBG^sBr.
/ffiE/a ST6W65T GsuQso u!tH^îSiL(^ ^(i^fi^riia ?
23.95.223, The future tense is expressed by adding the marker ~uu- to the
verb stem ^(5-. Example :
23. 95. 223. jbnair api3.AsiASiL(^ ^(ûGussr.
Sandhi : LDgjQira^ + }Su?jp uK).aa > uDgjGlâ^^ î^lfi uuj.aa
QjbQroiu + fSi^tp >QjbQfDUj^ ^t^tp (^siwrucjiEJa
Refer S.4 in 1.2)
tr>L.ii) ,+ ^(reoT ^ iDilg^^freir (Refer S: 24 in 5.29)
^liiiSeo^Q^ + a(D(-5'<9=*a<s&tl(5/BiZTgj;ib ^rîiiSso^Qâ
apLS'A9iASLLtS(rT)jb^nîh (Refer S.20 in 2.17)
UNIT 25
LESSON 96
TAMIL NEWSPAPERS AND MAGAZINES
DI ALOGUE
U<S}SfP<ol<SB
U3/rGl60gp{rar, ^mweoir
U) (T Q 60 li? G so tSjâr
ID 65SP O Q 6U 61fP-
uj IT li . Gu(r(r.#fPuj(5
There are many newspapers and
magazines in Tamilnadu. Dinathan-
thi, Dinamani, Malaimurasu, Dina-
malar etc.are all dailies.Dinamani and
Dinathanthi would be available early
in the morning. Malaimurasu will be
published by 5 o'clock in the evening.
Raja, who supplies Malaimurasu
to Professor (Sundaram) would
come at 6 o'clock in the evening.
Kumudam, Anandavikatan, Kalki,
Rani etc., are all weeklies. Ananda-
vikatan would be available on Friday
itself at Professor Sundaram's house.
Professor (Sundaram) would read (it)
G^npiih LD!TQeO(ipi;ffr
GuirQro 7iTSQir wirQeo
^6iST/BjS5'l657, SlA>S,
ifiTesiiP ^ Q ^ 60 60 fT ih
6urri;uu^î?Qa. Guîr-
S iP uj ([^ ci f i l *
^657^^6i?<g5i_657 Qeuek-
eiPmQsjfiQinGii-i su/BgJ-
Qih. GutjiTîPiU(i^ a_i_-
GSSTGUJ Ulrf.a=Si-(56UT(5.
tngj/fB/îgrj CB6i/(o)6U<ss/ri7SiJ7
cSjG)^ (ip/7^^ SiLQt
a5'(5fBgJ aebS GTQ^^
sij(/56uf76B7. fBT6S7 eunjiL
êinnjiD (^(ipîh 6\jiTiiiS
evGpesT. ^riia euirp'/B
G^rrpiih ereiresr u^^~
(P<o) uiq-Asr 6ijpffmia?..:
jSrija 67^/761)^ IDITÛ
u^îPQai fiufrfsj@fr?iBj-
a6T7fr ?
immediately. Next day, the servant
will give it to Mr. Murthi and bring
Kalki from there. Every week I buy
Kumudam without fail. What
magazine are you reading every
week ? Are you buying any monthly
(magazine) ?
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
25. 96. 224.
25. 96. 225.
b. Build up drill
ijngjiT LDSOTPaCS Si]^^(^sii!T^.
cf|j,6!irfB^6)S'<56i_6Br (o\eu6hei?âiQs>[pQinGiu 6iip>^Qih.
Guijn'îfuJdT) ^(oljS sîGearGiLi uiq-îSvQeufr.
GeuQeoaaiTijesr mebS 6TQ^^ 6U(rf,6iJiT6sr.
rbuesT suiTijih ^suirrfLO ^(ipîh eurniiS suGpeir.
^/EJ<3B euiTij^G^npub eiesrest u^îPQs uuf-Asr
6unSmi& ?
(i) ijnggiT IIITQSOUSG60
jbirînesvPAGa 6u/Bgj6ufrir.
jbiT^LDewsPAGm
ifugQiT innQeou^GeO rbinîneisaPaGa
Lesson 96 / 7S5
isaiQeouS'Qeo
(ii) c^63r^^siSicBi_6BT QeusfrfffPa
(olsKefrsrf'aGlajpQujGuj
(iii) /BiTSOT su/rjii ^SII{27LD (g(tpîi)
euntiiS euGpesr.
euiTiiiS euGnam
(iv) jfffBjffi 6UT(r/BG<5(rgjjLb ermesr
CT63T6ST U^^l PGl * ULJ-<J=*
eUf l f (BJ6B ?
cu/TiribGiBirpiii
c. Expansion drill
(i) Gu!r/r.#fPuj(5 LJti).a=av(5suT(5.
S L- I G S S T G U J uii).i=i9v(5'6iKr((5
dJfjSsr^jSSiJaBiGlsjjr ut^.a'9^Q
(ii) GsuGleoaarrjrfiBT 6T(5jSgj
ir)T(o)60a5'Gsu /BT^yiDsiraPaGas
jr/rggfT iDn'OsouJ'GfiV) /Bfrgj/iDeroPaG*
^SffrfBjSeiS'aisir GlsucfrsTPffi
(olafpQLoGiiJ 6U(Bgj(5LD'
(o)6usfrsTPffiQ{p(oliiGuj 6u;Bgjt2)
c^sur/B^siJasiOT GlnjsfreiPa
SlajpQLoGiu 6D/Bg/Lb.
/Biresr eii/TjrLb <S6UÛ3
@(ip<siri Gu/r/Bj^ suGfDeir.
6U(rmj(d? suG(D65r
^(ip^tb suiriiiS euGnoeir
êu(njiD igfip^Lb su(r(Bj<5 6uGp3ir
6urr(rii) ^su(nyti5 (ggp^tb su/rmjd?
euGjDeJT
;Bff6r eu./riTLb ^sutnyLO @{ipjSti)
euirriiS euGpeir.
^liix eu/rjrjBGjSirgj/ii) 6T6BT6Br
cufTir/sG^/rgyti) sTesreitr u^îPQa
U14-Ja sujiffBja ?
/ffBiai eiiirijp)GîTQ)iih CTearsffr
u^j^/PQa utjj.** eunSrsim 7
GuijrrSiPujf!^ uiq-aa^^sufTfj.
GuirnrîPuj ffl-tGssTGuj
Gu!r(T<^(Puj(!5 ^sui/BjSSiS'aiGleijr
a_L_G65r.Guj uti).ff6U(r(5.
GsuCleUdsa/TjreBT eT<sgj6ij(5sijff6ir.
GsuGleOcsa/rjrsOT 6b<B 6TjSgj
ifpn^^ eiSC^Geo QsnQpb-
d. Substitution drill
(i) ci6U(5 uii).**.
verb accordingly.
(ii) GeuQeoaanijdiT
(o)/T<SglL-L_(T66r.
verb accordingly.
Guiruf
(iii) ij(TggiT eufi^QeuiT^.
verb suitably.
)(5B/TjS^
(iv) jbiieir amiiiS euGpm.
verb accordingly.
(Qiq-ifSr sun
Ljii).i9=ft eutr
(ol(r;Sgi eun
gT(ip^ suit
GeuQeoxatTêir ^tiiG&u3(!f)^^
aAtS 6T<5êu(56j(r6ir.
GeuQeoAanijm fipjrjs^ eSiLQGeo
6SEb<S eT<2êu(rêiJ/r69r.
GeuQeomsiTêiT Q6siT^gjili_(riJr.
GsK06ua(r76iir 6Ufrmi<5BLLi_(r6Jr.
GsuQsuaasfriTOT GuTui'LlL-iresr.
GsuQeoAanijeir ^nÂîLiireir.
jrirggrr 6uiB^su(i6Br.
^/rggiT (o1friSgJJfr6sr.
îrggrr 6UfffBj(6U(r6sr.
?i^(f <J%!riiLS'a=av6u/T65r.
P'lrgg.iT ;'65rg))iifr6ir.
^(Tfisr eurrrGJiS suGpesr.
[bireir @U).a=9r suGfoeir.
jB(rBr u^. ** 6uG(D6sr.
/B(T65r Clarr^^ suGfueir.
jBfreir 6i(ip^ euGjpeir.
Lesson 96 / 787
(v) îB^pibiTL-(S(Seo .SsffT-fffPu
Substitute
(i) ,^6U(5 Ljq.L;Lj(r(f5. <5/si;0 ui)-#ft(5iJf(5'
infrGlsocyiir* /Bfrgjj iDeirof CS iD(r(ol60(yi!)r- /Bn^ga iflemPaBCas
G6ij<o)60iSBfr!r65r c^Qâ GsuGlsoaafrysir cS/Qâ
QarrûGusir. (o)iTjSgJsu(r6ir.
(ii) iTfrggn- su;Bgi'6Ufr5r. iriggf J^g/(2?65r.
^61/(5 ijji).<F6u/7(5. .;9/su(5 LJi;}.#a-(/t7(/5.
(ol6iJrPujn-'Jm. Gliuerfujn'^^.
GeuGlsociaffiifiir cSjGljsas GsuQsoiT(76sr cSjGljS* (olfr<5-
G)<K/T^gj6i;(T6Br. ^(2765r.
LD/rQcOijpirsv ^(r@2; tflswfaGdB innQeOQfifja^ fiir^ L O S S P G
6Ufiig/ii. 6u/Bg;gJ.
(iii) 7(rgg(r 6U/Bgi(2?S5T. Ifi^rr su/BgjL-Lrresr.
(o1<a(rjSgJ(2?6ir. GlrT^gjL-i_(r6sr.
EXERCISES
f. Fill in the blanks using the cues given in parentheses as in the model given
be ow.
Model : î'(p/B'rilGGO Q^Qpu-i
(magazines)
jSt^y)^TLLG60 QfiQpujLj u^jfiiPlSlds @(f5@g/.
(i) ^ssT^^ffi^, êsTiDsssP srebeonih (dailies)
(ii) ui(TQeO(ipi;ar tcfrQeuui'Gsu ih. (be published)
(iii) ^(ipîb, cêffT/BiSoiJaisir eraêoirih ; (weeklies)
(iv) G6uQ60afT(765r Gla(ruu(r64r. (next day)
(v) Qu^nî?UJ(i^ LJUj.#*6ij/r(5, (immediately)
g. Combine the following verbs into compound verbs.
(i) SUIT + Q : (v) QsuetPiun(^ + Q :
(ii) uti). + : (vi) er + ou/r :
(iii) (oliBfr + : (vii) 6ij/rrej@ + sua :
(iv) euniiii^ + ; (viii) uu^ + SUIT :
h. Fill in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated forms (present) of the
compound verbs given in parentheses.
(i) (TfT^T mnQsouS'GsD (cu/Bgj)
(ii) (SsuQsoAmiT^sir (<olfr^g;)
(iii) ^ssT^^ji)^ ^ârsQeou^Qso (s^/BgJ)
(iv) (3u{r(T<#(Puj((5 ia_i_G6OTGiu (uti}.a=)
(v) iJiTgQrr LDirQsoqfiij3^ (GufTLl)
i. Fill in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated forms (past) of the
compound verbs given in parentheses.
(i) QeuQeciAanijsir ^^jQîS (Q&nQ^^Q)
(ii) GujTfr^/Pujff^ sî-QmQiu (utij-ff*)
(iii) ^ssT^^^^ airQsouS'GsoGiu (su/igi)
(iv) êuesT c5jmjGauJ'(5jBgi (6T^gj)
(v) fiireir ^Qpîh (su!TiijS(S)
j. Fill in the blanks using the appropriate forms (future) of the compound
(i) Gujrfr^/Puj S-iGssrCuj (uirj-ff)
(ii) ^treir eunijih êuftrjiD is^Qpîh (sunmiS(^)
(iii) cS/sueJr îiiGau3(!f,^^ (sT<sgj)
(iv) ^ssT^^ffi^ anQsouSGsoGiu (^p>i)
(v) GeuQsoAtxiJijsir ^QÂ ('aliS5(i^gj)
k. Fill in the blanks using the cues as in the -model given below.
Model : ^suesr srQ^^sudêuirsir.
(^(fB/Ga)
(i) cS/msir 6T^gj6U(56Uff65T.
(jSuS'jp/Bfr)
(y)
Lesson 96 / 7S9
Fill in the blanks by transforming the cues given in parentheses into the
present (Pr) and past (Pa) relative participles.
Model : (duirQ)
(Pr) GuirQso ; (Pa) GuTili_
(0 f^ffi) (v) (Gl(r^gi(5)
(ii) ( G U ; B #J ) (vi) (6T^gi6Ufr)
(iii) (Glsu6iPujfr@) (vii) (suirraSeuir)
(iv) (Ljr).<j=(S>) (viii) (uir).#*6ii/r)
Fill in the blanks by transforming the cues given in parentheses into the
affirmative (Aff) and negative (Neg) verbal participles.
Model: f^^Jgu)
(Aff) jBsii/i?; (Neg) ^vu^w
(i) (ffiJ (v) (sTQ^gpeuir)
(ii) (QsiJSTPujfr^) (vi) ( SUIKEJ^SSUIT)
(iii) (^fi^Q) (vii) (uiq.A9êurr)
(iv) (uLj.**) (viii) ((olffiir^jSgJ)
Give an answer to each of these questions following the model.
Model : Q. jr/r^/r firr^ LDessPA(Q 6U(56u(T(g) ?
A. <:^LDT. iîTggiT rbiT^LDessPAQa ffU/BgJ(S'(>"U/76ir.
(i) Q . s^Sffr^B^siJaL-eir (olsDsfrsTfaQajpGluD 6i;(f5LD(T ?
(ii) Q. GutrfTîPujfj <:9jQ^ S_I_G63T uirf-uuirîr ?
(iii) Q . G6u(ol60c9Brr[rsir ^siQ^ Logj/fBTtstj gpit^^ 6I?LLG60
(iv) Q. GfiuGlsoaafT/rssr a_i_G65r aecSQiu eiQ^^ 6i/06ufrig5) ?
(v) Q. jffBJiSB (o)6U6frTpis(o)jpQLD @(ip^Lb eufr/Ei@si?nsi6Tr/i ?
Give an answer to each of these questions following the model. .
Model : Q. ^liis gu/ririb êvfitjLD (^Qpîh euuiiii^pSi^êrrn?
A. c^LDfr. jbnsisT etiirijih jssutjijtn @(jpjSLb
eurriiiS suGpesr.
(i) Q- iffBi* su/rjriBGcSfrgutjb cSfcssr^^siS'asiSJr ui4.@(iyfB/<SBsr7-/7- ?
(ii) Q. GcuCleoaarrjrsBr cS/<o1^ dfiii^^ etSiLQGeo QanQuuiri^ ?
(iii) Q. Gu!rfr#rPuj(5, surriTjiGjSffpti c5i)65rrb^6i5'i_5T uLj-LiuiTjrn?
(iv) Q. ijnggiT êsT^Gfirrpjib iniTQeOQfiifa^ GuirQinjiô) ?
(i) eunifih + Q^ngjith :
jfifisrtb + G^npiih :
(ii) QeueheifAQayiQin + ej :
ffi_i_G65r + sj :
(i) 2i_fsi Qu)(ry?ai'GfiU erGssoDeorrih ^maîPu u^^fPQ ?
(ii) S-riia Qu>nû3Qeo sr^^Qesr LD/rjsu u^îPQa â^gi ?
(iii) jf(Bj UjS^fPGla 6U;B^ 32_t_Gs5rGuj uisf-AgrC^ffSmiaemT ?
(iv) ;ff(Bja 6UT(r^0;STgyii erssrssrij UfSj^fPGla uiq.**- eujfiBja ?
(v) a_i5/ 6i?tl@ 'îBgj' êwraîPu u^îPQa anrGleoui'Geo
(vi) ^/Bi ffljfr!rm^su(2?tD (g(ipîi) Ull).<Fa^(56l7fBâ56rTT ?
VOCA B ULA RY
u^îPQa 'papers and êsrîP u^îPQa 'daily'
magazines'
QsiisrPuj/r 'be published' 6urrijuu^îfQ& 'weekly'
êutnjin 'without fail' ijinûu^îPQ& 'monthly'
G RA MMA R
25.96.224. Compound verbs are abundantly used in spoken Tamil. They
are generally formed in three ways. They are i) noun + verb, ii) infinitive
+ an auxiliary verb and iii) verbal participle + an auxiliary verb. ûniPa^
uesisT^)! 'recommend', 6ir)mQuj(L>^ûGutTQ'sign' etc., can be included under
the first kind of compound verb. The formation and the various uses of the
second kind of compound verb have already been explained in the earlier units
(Refer particularly 19. 78-81). In this unit we are chiefly concerned with the
third kind of compound verb in which different auxiliary verbs are used to
express the various concepts like completive, duralive, reflexive, riddance etc.
They are very similar in their structure to ordinary lexical verbs. As one of
the chief characteristics of these auxiliary verbs, we may mention again that
they are preceded by the verbal participles of different lexical verbs. These
verbs may be called 'main' verbs. But the conjugation is always effected on
the basis of the auxiliary verbs. In other words, these auxiliary verbs behave
like lexical verbs in being inflected for the suffixes of tense, person, number and
gender. Consider the following sentences.
25- 96. 224, ijirgîr /Bnrga insssPAGs sv^^Qeuneir-
Lesson 96 / 791
In the above sentences, su^gj and uii).<yr are the compound verbs. Each
compound verb, as we mentioned earlier, consists of a verb in the form of
verbal participle (eu/BgJ and uii^.Affr) and an auxiliary verb -(5. This auxiliary
verb is used here to denote the completion of the action expressed by the main
verb. Hence it is 'completive' verb.
25.96.225. Similarly, the auxiliary verb -eurr denotes the continuation of
the action expressed by the main verb. This may be called 'durative' verb.
Example :
25. 96. 225. jbirair euiTfrih êutfrjin @(ip<su) sviriiiS euGpesr.
GevQsoAaiTêir aAiS 6T(5^gj sufjsu/rsJr.
Note that the auxiliary verb -SUIT is similar in its form to the lexical verb euiT.
However, they are different in their function as well as in meaning. That is,
the former denotes 'continuity' and the later has the function of a simple verb
and the lexical meaning 'come'.
Sandhi: j^rrQ + Geo > fiiriL&Ieo
n? + <B@ >n?LL@ (Refer S.16 in 2.13)
âsrih + Gîrpith ârrffiG^npiiL
OJiTifih + CjSTpii) êu/rjr^GjSTpii) (Refer S.24 in 5.29)
fiu/rjrii) + u^îPQa êuirjr U^^^Qa (Reter S.2 in 1.1)
iDir^s + u^îPQs > tnffjSLi u^îPQa
suirjr + u^îPQa ->euiiifu u^îPQx (Refer S; 4 in 1.2)
UNIT 25
LESSON 97
WITH THE VEGETABLE SELLER
DIALOGUE
êmQessra^ sTSBTsur
Garr*, a^îfaairuj,
(olsu sairr <ol {_ (r tu ,
(tpsherriiiSj <g <a a /r STP
STsbsOffii â^gj/Bja.
a_ fBj a igrj a ig 6T sir ssr
What vegetable seller, what all vege-
tables have (you) brought today ?
I have cabbage, brinjal, lady's finger,
raddish, and tomato. What do you
want, madam ?
Lesson:97 / 793
ameotr ; eoir ^ L1 ( O1 L_
Gxira^ euirmiSa^Giom.
GeuG^ eresTOsr ^(3^-
^^'emr^)! Qs'neirGsw ?
antuapS'&aiiTîhuiiT: QeuemQiS
/ruJ, (LpehefTmiS, qu.
eoiiianiu, êuQâtSiruJ..
aiDsoir ; */f-. . Gp( ! 5 G so ir
ClsusrorGlLaaiTuJ ereiresT
QeuQeo ?
.KTiuas/tfaa/TirLDLDfr : 6T(ipu^^(r5
a/TU)tifr SI 6u Gl so Gl uj a
a..iljj).aaij GuirGroesT ?
S-iiiaiÂ^ Geu6s<sTUf.ujQ^
sT!ag/aGa(TfBja. ûi-f-
pmn QeuQeoQiuu
urr/T^gjaasOTix).
aiDSOir ; ^ unH^giAQsirQ^^n ffiP
UjSgj 6!nua/T6i/a@
(olixisrrarr(L/ii) (5
emus'neifiiÂ Qair^^
ii6b66'a SQijiLjih sr^-
gja GlaiT.
afriuajiPaaffirtiiuj/r ; iS^fPaa/7UJ
eT{Sgi;îlii2.fBJasir(r ?
aLDSOT : G eu emL _ /r li . sr niia
G jS/r LL i_ <s G SOI L? / B g;
u/jJaa-a^Gsusir.
(TUJa/!5'aa(r{rLDLD/T ; @ ;B js f nsi a ,
6T so so to G <y (f <5
Qi;smQ 0LjfruJ (tpuugj
aineoiT : ^^îr, Qjrssin- u/iuj
5S/U)U/ swuan---.-
si_sJr(SLL(oli_ ^sbsoGtjD
^(5a@jST ?
I shall buy a kilo of cabbage... What
other things did you say you nave ?
(I have) lady's finger, raddish, snake
gourd, country beans-
Right-How much is a kilo of lady's
finger ?
Seventyfive paise-Am (I) going to
raise the price for you, madam ?
Plaese take whatever you want-We
shall see the price later on.
It is alright, if you give as you please
...Give me green chillies for ten
paise and coriander leaves for five
paise.
Have (you) taken brinjal, madam ?
I don't want (it). 1 would have it
from my garden.
Please take these.. In total, it.
comes to two rupees thirty paise.
Take this two rupees and fifty paise
...Do you have change with you ?
jEmis^rrthLDiT Q ID IT -
^ 6b G eo G u IT sBaf
uem^rffiwa. ^(iT)U^
SS)U 3' IT lb IT Q6fT A ^
eu p u u ^ ^ u LS> A
QsiT(SA^Gpm- o'lPiuiT ?
sLoeotT
fiP.
No, madam. You are the one to buy
first... (I) shall return the twenty
paise when (I) come tomorrow. Is
that alright ?
O. K.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
25. 97. 226. ffiireir ep(rT) SGeoir yîLQtAGsir^ euitmSA(gfGp&r.
jSiiia Geuemii.ujQ^ erQ^^Gairiiia.
jB/Tin ûLjpLDiT QeuQeoQiuLi unfr^ÂseoiTih.
b. Build up drill
(i) ibiresT sp(5 SGeoiT (iptLQtA
G(T evniii'SA(^GpeiT.
euirtiiSAf^Gpek
(tpiLQiAGsrror
SGeoiT
(BIT sir
(ii) jSiii^ Geuemiq.ujQ^
eiQ^ÂGmiirBja,
6T(^^ÂG6iiTmia
GeuemiûjQ^
(iii) rbiTLD ûLfpiLiT QeuQeoQiuu
uirrr^Âsieoinh.
uiTiT^îA&eomh
QeuQeoQoj
xÛI-lpiDIT
jBT65r 6^(5 SGeon (ipL-QtAGsiT9^
euiniiSA^Gpeir.
euirrsjSA^Gpesr
(tfiCQiAGanai- eimiiiÂ^Gp^
^Geoir QpCQt-AGaiiar
euirriiÂ^GrDeir
ibirsir 6^(5 SGeoir (tptlQiaGaff*
euaiiiSAi^Gpesr. ,
jfffEj* GeusmtsûjQ^
CT(5^gJffiGTn5J(.
^^/*G<SBITraj<35
Geuemi^-iuQ^ erQ^ÂGxaiiia
îma G6U6ii5Tx).uj(ol^
srQ^ÂGîTiii-x.
IbniD vSfiJL/pioir (okuGko(olujLi
uirn^ÂseoiTih,
i-iirir^Âaeoinh
<o)eiiQeoQuJu LJirH^ÂaeoiTth
.ÛL4pintT QeuQeoQiuu
uiTrr^Âaeonih
ffinw tS/iJL/jDtnT QeuGkoQiuu
uiTiT^Âaeoirw,
Lesson 97 / 795
c. Expansion drill
(i) ^liia eT(9<sg/G<B(TfBV.
GaiTiiia
(ii) /BTSSr ^(5lJL?a (o)66/T(5i6B(g-
G/Dijr
Qffi/r(5''a@G3365r
Glair (5@GfD sir
jf iBi ffT(5i^gjGiTmia5.
^liia GeuemufiuQ^ eT(^^Â-
jfmja a_/BiigT5<s@ G6uirerii).GliijQ^
rr^jSg/aGa/rmja.
îrgjr ^(TÛLS'A QairQAi^Gpeir.
QanQa^GnoesT.
jBirsar /BirGlsira^ ei/puL/
^(fjuLJa Gl(T<s@G(D6ir.
(i) Q; ^6oirG)6OT<B(g STsiresr a/ruj0'Qn^635r(56i/jBG^ ?
A : (ipLLG)i_<s6Ga/r*, a^^tPAanvii, QeuemQiAsntu,
QpetefTiiiS, ÂsireiP srebeoirih ^(5(ggj(5j.
(ii) Q: 6^(5 SGsoiT Glsu6iEnGli_iTuJ sresrajr GlsuGlso ?
A : sT(ipu^^'^ffr mua^n.
(iii) Q : ajSiSiPaairuJ eT(5<sîîliE.f5;6irT ?
A : GsusnBTL-iTLb. GîrLLt_^gjG6UiL?(/5/Bg/ u^SÂsrA^Geu^.
(iv) Q : a-sirJilQi- ^sbsoQff)
A : (S]6bGIor5J.
(i) ^!T6m eusrmiSAi^Gp^.
verb accordingly.
Glair 6357(561/IBgyaGafr
îTff^ÂG&n
Qffiiebe&AGaiT
ah-ilnf-aGaT
(ii) jffiBia 67(5i^gya.d3LLiffi.mia6T7/7 7
verb accordingly.
urrifsSâGair
JBir657 6Uiri5J<Sa@Gfl3657.
Sbireir GlaircBsr j^gja@Gfl365r.
;Bir657 ^ci5/Bg/a(gG/D657.
^(7657 61<sF(76b66'a^G(D6sr.
^17657 ai.tl.Uâ(gGfD6B7.
^liis erQ^ÂSiLis-miaefTiT ?
fiiiiai u(Ti7iSg/a<fiilifi.(BiT7/7 ?
(iii) /BTSiJT unf.yaa^Gsussr.
verb accordingly.
euOjrcga-aGaT
^ffâGaT
(iv) jBneir (ip(l(oli_aGan-a-
6ij/rmjia@GjD6sr.
Substitute
ajS^(Paa/TuJ
GleusiArGlL-a a/r uj
cS/suCljraa/TuJ
L/ifiOni/a/TuJ
âa/TSTp
QLDSJTafruJ
jffEJa 6T(tpâ.fiLLifi.masTr(r ?
jf raa (olauJâ.îltfi-<5/arr(r ?
^fB/a GLj#a<5L.ia./EJr(r ?
mia ;S'6Br@uiLLis.mi6Tr/r ?
(olan-(5!Sg]a(gGsiJBr.
jBiTsir su^gja<gG6iJSBT.
IBTSBr 6i/<ol!r<gi9ra(gGjBr-
jBiTsir (ipL_Gli_aGafr
j(rmjjdia@Gp65r.
TbiTeiT js<g#aaffuj'
u/rfBJ.aoG]D6ir.
jBfreir QajawrCliaafriiJ
euiTfBidSa^tSvDSBr.
*BT65r (ipefrsTrfB/^ ij(rii5JiSa@G^D6Br-
jBirsw cî/Gl[raaffaiJ
<UTJ5H5a@GTr)65r.
jB/rsir Lfu-Miiiamu euiTmiÂ^QrD&^-.
|BT6Br <saa(r6iP euirmjdia^GpsBr.
iBirsir GkDfiirair.uJ ajiimSAig,GffiaiT-.
(i) /B/rsir unJuGusir.
/BTeir GlarrOuGusar.
jBTeir cuffljrGsiJSJr.
/B/rsir Gj^GeuesT.
(ii) jBT65r 6u(ol{r(g*a@Gnj64r.
jBrreJT sjÂ^Geueir.
(bneir uÂÂ^Geueir.
jBTcir (olafr(5^â@G6U6sr.
(iii) jbireir 6uQ(T(S5*@Gp36ar.
/BTsar 67/i?a@G/D5r.
jBiTSsr unyffaaigGfDeBr.
;B/rsBr (ola(rjSgja@G.(r>6sr.
JBfTSOT Uf5'5=9ra@G6U63T.
jBrrfisr Glaff^jSg/asGeuesr,
IBfrsBT 6u(ol!r^^(igG6i/6ir^
jbiT&r ejâi(^Gcueir.
jbaeir suQî^w-ai^GjDSJr.
^(TSST sjrrPagG^ssT.
^fTssr Lj/jyi^â^GpeBr.
JBTfiBT (ol/T(5{Sgja<gGfl36Br.
fbireir i(o^<^*aiLlG_ar.
jBTsir c^^d9ilG_6sr.
^BTSsr unS'Aa^sSL-Gi6ST.
jBiTSsr (olaff(5^âd3L.Gi_BT.
Lesson 97 / 797
îreir GuiTiL($ASCGi6ii. jbnsir Gunil.($AmG)eo.
(v) ^6U(5 uftfJcSraB^sufffj, <s/6U(5 Lj(!5'**-<sBU)/rtli_/r(5.
êussT u/ni}.o6un-68T. êuesr uirtq-AaiDiTiLL-iTm.
EXERCISES
below.
Model : êrnQmrA^ ereireisT
OanemQsu^G^ 7 (vegetables)
êUnQemA^ ermresr ATiuAftP Q&tfm(Q6M^G^ 7
(i) SL.iiia<TÂsiTihiiiiT QeuQeoQiu GufrGpssr 7
(to raise)
(ii) SJ_5T^LL(o1t_ ? (change)
(iii) u^ûmuffrreifA^ Qair. (green chillies)
(iv) {B/resr fB/rOsira^ ^(gGjjssr. (return)
h. The vegetable vendor is selling some vegetables. Kamala is buying them
from her. Fill up the blanks below with suitable names of vegetables.
Do not repeat.
(i) , , erebeonih
(ii) e^(5 ^GsOfT euiriiiSAi^GpeiT.
(iii) 6f)(5 SGsoiT sreareiiT QsuQeo ?
(iv) tsyisj* sBjuff/rsiâ Qafr.
i. Combine the following verbs into compound verbs.
(i) 6 T + GaiT :
(ii) (ola=fr6b@2; + Gair :
(iii) GuiTffSsP U6BST^ 4- Gsn :
(iv) <s.tl(5 + G(r :
(v) u(r(5 + Gasfr ;
j. Fill in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated forms (present) of the
reflexive verb given in parentheses.
(i) jbirein- (tfiLLQiÂGmira^
(ii) S-iiiatSQA&iTihLDiT QeuQeoQiuA
(euiTiiiSAG&iT)
7 (an.Cii^.AGair)
(iii) jSiiis S)6iJ6!raTif.UjQ^ (er^jag/aCSasir)
(iv) rbfiesr ûL/piD/r (u/r/i<sgjGa/r)
k. Fill in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated forms (past) of the
(i) /ffre/a a^^fPiSiSBiruJ (eT(^^^CSs(r)
(ii) jbneir G^!TiLL-^g}Geou3(!T,^^ (uÂffrAGair)
(iii) /BTsJr QaiT^înebe&A dQijQuj (eunmiSAGair)
(iv) /B/rcsr (unn^ÂGear)
1. Fill in the blanks using the appropriate conjugated forms (future) of the
(i) âesr G^nL-L-^^Geou3(iT)^^ {u(îfs,a,G&n)
(ii) ;6T60T <B^^/PfruJ (6T<sgJ'5Gir)
(iii) {sr@^^s,Gsn)
(iv) jBJTSsr TcnQenA^ ((ol(r(5^^Ga(r)
(v) ^(Tssr ÛL/jDiDT (euntiiS&G&n)
m. Fill in the blanks by transforming the cues given in parentheses as in the
model given below.
Model: (urrif jSg]G'r)
(i) (QTWT(5 eu^gÂGmn)
(ii) {^^^^Qan)
(iii) 6T(5^g/i5G(r)
(iv) (GufTeiraP usBSTsroPaGarr)
(v) (ol/T^gjaG(r)
n. Fill in the blanks using the cues as in the model given below.
Model : ^sjUL/pjLDir
(i) ÛI-fpiDIT
(eisiTiii^)
(6T)
(QaiT6iroT(5siJT)
(QSITQ)
Lesson 97 / 799
o. Join each of these pairs of simple sentences into a complex one as shown
Model: îrsir îrQetrs^ euQpesr.
tS/ULj /B/rsir ^ ( J U L ? . * Q(r(5a(g|(p{D69r.
(i) jbirm fitrQerrAÂ anruJaj? QsiremQeuGpesr.
tS/uu jbii^ ^(rf)UiSA (ol(r(5(gGfD65r.
(ii) jbiTOfT erg'^gj* QauTQA^Gpffsr.
ûu jf (Bj aiirmiSAGanmiai.
(iii) erdresT ^(iÂ^^'em^ (olff(r653g2jC(D ?
î J u tbirm etiirmiSA^Gp^.
(iv) ^rG(65 (tpLLGIiaGaira;- siHr(B/|g(iS'mJ66.
ûu /BTsJr smuajrQfiUjS jficjuLPa QsnQA^Gpeir.
(i) (olixi6rr(ruJ + Sib :
<Q(r + :
(ii) euiTmi + Gafr ;
eTjS^ + Garr :
(i) a_(B/(6r5@ srsirGlssreirfisr TuJri5' i3n^.AiQih?
(ii) /fiBJiB LD/r(f<ss(olaL.(5a@u Gu/riggj airuJafi? 6u/rfB;i5a(gsi?/BJ6Bsmr?
(iii) jfffEja i_i6rrsTP<5<s.._{Sgi<5@u Gunnouu erebeo/ru
(iv) îma a_(Bi inGlssrsiS'.sasirffi ffreirsur euiriiiSASCia-iiia ?
(v) a_fE) ,SLL(O)L_ u^gj (5Lj(ruJ@# .#6b6oQ/D ^ a o ^ T ?
(vi) êuirQssffrag srsirbTir iS^nruJaBp? jffnsja ff^rruLS'tLis.iiis ?
VOCA B ULA RY >
(tpilGliaGarriji- 'cabbage' a^îPAamu 'brinjal'
(olsu6!ror(o)i_(SB/ruJ 'ladies finger' (LpeherrmiS 'raddish'
jSaafrsTf 'tomato' i_fi_eom]aiTiu 'snake gourd'
êuQiÂaiTtu 'country beans' aiîLQ 'raise'
GsvemQ 'want' Qixigrrarruj 'green chillies'
QafTjSgjiDsbfflS'A- 'coriander jSûLfaQafr 'return'
dSSljr leaves'
GurrisinrPusiror^ 'start the days airtuarS'A- 'the woman
business' sirifihtiia vegetable seller'
G RA MMA R
25.97,226. To express the concept of 'reflexive' Tamil uses the auxiliary
verb QaiT-/SQ~/^- with the verbal participle form of any verb. In this
verbal composition the action expressed by the main verb goes back to the
actor. Example :
25. 97. 226. ^trdr sp SGeon (tpCQi-sGaiiaT 6u/rmj<S@Cpssr.
fisia Cci/6simi).UJ(o)<s erQ^ÂGsirmis.
ffiiriD ûnpiaiT QsuQeoQuju uirH^^moieoiTih.
As it is listed above there are three forms of reflexive in spoken Tamil. The
following are the environments where they can occur with other grammatical
categories.
(i) GiSfr- This occurs as an imperative verb in the second person, e.g.,
^fs/<s GeuemuîuQ^ erQ^^sGaamis.
(ii) This occurs before the past tense marker - L L - . e.g.,
iSiS'P'ruJ eT(5iiSgJ<SL.ia.mjir/r ?
(iii) @- This occurs elsewhere, e.g., GîriLi^^GeouS^^^^
un^ffwa^Gsusir, ^freir suirmjJa^GjDsar etc.
Sandhi: QeuQsoQiu + iXi-LLuâa > QeuG)eoQujs aix.L-Uf.sau (GuirGpssr)
QeuQeoQoj + u/rifjSû/rii) > QeuQeoQiuu uirH^âseoiTih
^0uiS + <ol66/ra@GjD6BT > jScjuLPa QiT<B@G(D6ir
(Refer S.31 in 17.68)
UNIT 25
LESSON 98
AN ACCIDENT
DI ALOGUE
CJ(r% ;eTfisr!ir eio n H , ej air
erebeDTîi) îhu eon
^1^^tl<5gJ(EJ .... 6^(5
G U) T <S LL (5 . a (T (T
irf.fiiD!f6U(5a<gu ueOLpffSBJ
airiuisja.
What (is the matter) sir ? Why all
are standing crowded (here) ?
i
An accident has happened here. A
scooter and a car collided and the
car driver was seriously injured.
*G(r6i^ ; î_G(_ sfoaLtliffGaJ
6u ^ <5 igj 6T sir ssr
Oh ! What happened to the man
who came on the scooter ?
euûQunAaesr : c5/euc5<B@ ami
iq.snjreuQiTsiS'iiJ u SO-
LD IT ear a IT lu lit a ...
UjajfiiPis^jS ^ A S a-
^ L L U GuiTujiLinmia.
ii5r gBg)i (ol<?(T6bg2;(jTy(5i.
GurreSekiamjfrr) : sr eb 60 ir (5 tb
Q fT (5 til fSsfrsTPu
GU(T(BJ.... ^CBTSrO-
OT J U ^ ^ STUUtr). IBL-P)-
(o1#/I6b0 QpUf-lLILDIT ?
6U{ûGu/ra<B65r ; 6T esr <s @ <j=
He was more seriously injured than
the car driver. He was taken to
hospital immediatly. (People) say
that he would not alive. Look ! the
policemen are coming (to this side).
Please all of you go to the sides.
The police inspector is coming. Can
anyone say how did this accident
happen ?
I can tell you, sir.
CuTffl?6fo(r!rc5,: ff/P. jSmia @fiû Q . K. You please come to this side.
usaiD suniBis.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
25. 98. 227. 'êu^ (ola=^g/uGu(rui'(5dij(T(f5'!rar@)/
25. 98. 228. uj/T(5T6ijgy QaîTstiso (tpi^.u-iLDiT ?
6T6iir@<9= QaîTOêo (tpiq-iq/Eia.
b. Build up drill
(i) 'c5i6U(75 Q3=^ÛGUITU3Q~
6UiT(iT,'eim^ G)<j=(Tbg2/(2y(Ei.
Qffirebînjmia
'Q<yiSg;uGu/ruJ'(5su(T(5'-
't5<6U(5 Qa=^]uGuiTu^(SeurT^''
em^H Q^nAiînjiiis,
' Q<=sSg/uGu(r(ii'6u/r(5'!R(Tggi/
Qa'iT&D^r^mim
'^su (ola=^gjuGurrii5'(56uiT(5'-
emîl Gla^naDînjiiia.
Lesson 98 / 803
(ii) 6T6bsofr(r5Lb GlaingffLb
êrreiPuQunma.
<o)<SBfr(^6FLb
(iii) uj/r(5aan-6XJgi Glfffrebeo
(iv) 6T6ijr<5(g<9= Glfffrsbso (tpaj-iL/mj*.
6T6ffr<B(g
c. Expansion drill
(i) iB\6Uiii& (oi*/r6Ug2j(27(Ej.
(ii) êufBjas /rdi6BjLl(5LJ
GuniuiLtirmia.
<diLLiJ (3uiruJLLi_fr/Ej
GLj(ruJLLi_/rfE/iSB
(iii) uj(r(i5<s<35fr6i/g; Qa^n&ieo
(Suniiia.
jasirsTfuGu/rifiia
<o)<95/r(ga=ii ^STTerPuGufrfBia
6T6i:)60/r(5ii) Q&ntâ'ih êheifû
GuiTiiia.
uj/r(5<B/Tsi;^ Qa'itebeo (jfiUf-iLfLDli ?
UJT([5(35JT6U^ (ola/rsbeo (ynij-iquan" ?
ffT6!jr(ga= Q5^(r6l560 (jpLj-iqisja.
rrfflyr<s5@i= (o)<f ffsbeo (ipi).i4mj65.
Gu/TUJLLi_(rf6j.
âSASiLQu GuinuLLiiniia.
ÂSASiL(Su GuiTiniLiiTiiis.
tuiTfiÂsiiffu^ (ola=/r6550 (ip(if.iqLD/r ?
(i) Q: 6T6Br65r etorrii, ejesr srsbsOT^Lb îhueorr Â^^rrjmjs ?
(ii) Q: 6foi-Lli_ffG60 siifBsB ersireBT c^ ?
A : âj((5a6(g65 arrif u^mijeuQi^ eiS<L. ueoiDirmr airiuiiis....
Gu/ruJtli_ffm;.
(iii) Q: ^jBjS nJujSgi eiijuii). jBLjB^gj'orarâ ujirâairsu^
A : eresTSÂ QîrsbfiO (yjtij.iqiBi<SB.
(i) ^su(5 Q<9=jSû Cu/rsuiT.
verb accordingly.
jBsfrigTj
uiu
(ii) uj/T(5/T6ugj QffirsbfiO
(tpiH-U-iiaiT ?
noun accordingly.
iS
(iii) STSSTAÂ (ol<f/Tfitiffl) (jpiq-iL/ii.
noun accordingly.
LDIT601T
(i) c9/6U(5 <f(reu/r,
cSysusir innjuu/rsir.
,:5/6u ^6fr(Si5sufr.
(ii) =9/su((5 Glff^g/LJCuireu/r.
^sufBJdB uujjBgJ Gu/rsu/rnsis.
^6U(J5 {ZefrsrPu Gufrsunrfij.
2_65rffi(T6u^ Glff/rsbso (tptrj-iL/infr ?
s_iGj<9B(er$iX<95n'eii^ (ol<?/r6t)6D
(tpil).U.JLDfr ?
cSjsuigijaasn'CDg) QfffrsbsD (iptq.iL/LD/r?
^su/Ejisif5ffi/r6u^ (o)<9=/r6i)6U
(ipiq.lLjWIT ?
^gj(S/T6ugj (o)a=/r6i3sv) (tpiq-iLjiii/r ?
eT6iir(ga= Gl<9=/r6b6U (yDii).iL/ti.
^^!rjSgJ{g* Qs'irebeo (ipii).iL/ii).
ii/r60/r6ij@<j Qff/rsbsu (jpirj-iL/ii).
(yj/r^<aB|ga= (ol6F/Tsi)6t) {ynq-tqii.
Guf76iS'6fi)aB/T!r((5<!B(ga' Qff/rsbso
(tpHJ-IL/LD.
ta>/6x/c5 Gla=^/tJ CL//T6U/7(5.
cS/6U6ffr inp^îQufreuiTfifr.
rSieu ^sherPili Gunsuir.
6i?^gjiJGu/r@Lb.
c9)6ii(5 (olffjSgjiJ Cu/rigj.
^susir LD/D^gj Gu/r(g)6BT.
^6U/5i<SS uiu;BgJ Gu/T@)/6;d5.
c9(gj 6i?^^tj Gi_i/r<F*.
Lesson 98 / 805
(iii) c9/Jmi uuj/B^ Gurr(gB)(Bja. <5j6umj6B utup)i (Suir&Qeo-
jBTeJr inpffi^ GuirQesresr. jbTssr iDp^^ GuiraQso.
(iv) 55/6U(5 (o)*iSgjLi Gu/reiifT. ^6U(i5 Q^jSgiu GufraBLDfrilifr.
c9fAj <a6fr6iPiJ Gu/T6iJ(r. cSjeu jScrrsTfiJ Gu/raiDTilifr.
EXERCISES
below.
Model : ep^j 6r0ffii.Lli_(5m 6Bff(5ii (collide)
fip(5 cio<sii.LLL_(5ti) 6B/r(5iri GitiiT^tLQ^-
(i) eroah^L-ifrGcD S U J B ^ ereirm îîgB) ? (person)
(ii) airii uêtnêuQi; ei?! mirujih. (serious)
(iii) and iq-enêvQifffS'i ueoioneisT (injury)
(iv) c9/J(5 6U/r(5. (die)
(v) @ ; B ^ STUUiq. jBijB^g) ? (accident)
h. Combine the following verbs into compound verbs.
(i) ffiT + Gun : (iv) (tpiq. + Guir :
(ii) ^sfr^rj + Gun : (v) siSlffl) + Gun :
(iii) IDJD + Gun : (vi) uiu + Gun :
i. These are the statements given by Suresh. Report his statements as in
Model: *G(ra)^ : tS/su Q^jSgyu Gu/rftj/r.
ai-Gjreqi tS/ffu Gl<yjSgJiJ Gunevnti^'em^)!
Glff/resriOT).
(i) *G!rsi^ : ep e&u^^ /BI/Bg/LL(5'^'H'<sS'
(ii) BrGijei^ : êuQ^ ^siou^îPAig)^ âSASL-(Su
GuniijLLinmia,
(iii) AGfre^) : GuneSetoani^mis eii(27iGja.
(iv) *G(j6î : jbnan Qa'nAi^Gpmia.
j. These are the questions asked by Suresh. Report his questions as in the
model given below.
Model : ^Gfr'a^ ; ejan ercbfiOfrîi @u)U60/r jfiagfjymja ?
0rG(re>% ctTcir erAieonîh ^thueon ^s^îiia'im^)i
G<sBili_ff(!5.
(i) aiQije^ : sruair.LLL_frGsu S U / B ^ STSOTSISTCÎQ) ?
(ii) avGjrsi^ ; uj(r(5@LJ ueoixiiTSffr snajmia 7
(iii) ^Gjro^ : GurreServsiTixiiia evirffriiaerriT 7
(iv) a-CJjrs)^ ; @ / B ^ si?!-;^^ sruLJir). IBIfB^S^'fisirâ
k. Fill in the blanks by transforming the cues given in parentheses as in the
model given below.
Model : (SUIT)
61JjB<S
(i) (êo^)
(v)
(ii) (l^^)
(vi)
(iii)
(vii)
(iv)
(^&)
(viii)
( *T)
(QUIT)
1. Frame fourteen sentences from the given table.
Example : ujiT(5(Tsi/gi Qa^rrebeo (ipuîL/tnfr ?
[Srsja
c9/6uesr (olff/TSUfiO (LpUf.U-jLCl!T 7
^frsjr
(i) iBiiia sjcsirsug/ S I J U ^ Q ^ L J Ljfr/t^^((5@(23''sJ6Tr/r 7
ffT(y)^ (tptij-iL/inn- ?
(iii) siJuja^ ;BI/BjSir Gu(T6iS'sro<sB(r[rmja 6U(5Su/r/Bierr(r 7
(iv) QS'U^^ jbi^^T QuireSerosirrriiia STSsrssT <ol<f uJ6i//rfEi ?
VOCA B ULA RY
ff/r
^sfrsrPiJGufr
'crowd' sû^g/ 'accident'
'collide' Lja3LDfr6!sr 'serious'
'injury' =^(5 'a person'
'die' QuiTeffeiomrTi;rmia 'the policemen'
'go to the sides' ^SBT6YO(olui_/f 'police inspector'
suyJuGu/iisasfiBT 'trespasser'
Lesson 98 / 807
G RA MMA R
25-98.227. Gurr is also an auxiliary verb v/hich is used to express the
concept of'completive'. Example:
25. 98. 227. 'êu^r^ Q<9=^gju QuiruSQ6iiii(!êm^^*
25.98.228. As we discussed in 11. 46. 140 the defective verbs (tpii).iL/ii) 'can'
and (ipiij.uj(rg/ 'cannot' do not have all the required forms of conjugation.
They are irripersonal and common to all genders. Like other defective verbs
they require dative as their subject in addition to instrumental (as in 11. 46. 140.
6T65r(ffB)(o)60 QfiUf-iLjih ; 2_fEJd56TrfrGl60 (tpuîLfLDfT ?) Example :
25. 98. 228. lu/râa/rcugj Qa^nsoeo QPISÎLJLDIT ?
6T6BT@a= Qa^rrebeo (tpisîLfriia.
Sandhi : q.^nireuÂ + ueomirssT > tt}.n!7a/(f5(gLJ ueomiresr (sirturiis)
<:^sfou^<^(P(g-(-g/r.5(5.^tL(S'^^sruutat^/Pa^^ ÂSASiLQu
(GuniUL-Ltrmim)
6T6isr(g + GlfffTsbeo Qfiisf-iLimjm > siesraÂ Q^/rsbeo (tfiUf-U-fiiia.
(Refers. 18 in 2. 14).
ÂSAStL(S + GuituJLLinmia > ÂSaStLQu GuniuL-i-iriiiA
<ola=^gj + GufreuT ^ Q^F^Û Gufrsufr (Refer S.33 in 17. 70)
^metP + Guntiis ^ S T T S T PU Gutrwa (Refer S.31 in 17. 68)
UNIT 25
LESSON 99
THE SNAKE
DI ALOGUE
unriiL/zEia.ii).**(r
ll).lJULLl_6U(BJaS
a_i_G6sr erpp,^ Gu/r-
ckjn'iEJds...c9jGjsn'/ cSj/fijSiJ
4}Sg;G6Dn5'(5;Bg/^ (Tsir
( J I B T J GiFlfjBg}
QiSiresTguLJ G U T tl -
GL_(Tli.
What is that, sir ?
There is a big cobra, sir.If it bites
anybody, he will die immediately.
Look there! It came from that ant-
hill. We all killed it together.
Lesson 99 / $09
Generally, the snakes won't die soon.
It will lie (there) as if it is dead. But
life will return to it in a short while-
Shall (we) pour kerosene and burn
it?
[TLD/rj ff/rafrgj'esijT^l/
GlffffsbgysufrmidB. (o1<y^-
Q a i_ <s (g li)
Si- u3 a eu p) ^ Q ih .
iDemQememQessrQiu
sm^0 sTi?Affru Gufr-
GeuiiLDn ?
U?6TDI_(T OiGlje^. c^gj-
euirA Glff^gju GuiruS'-
LD. euiTiiia, Guiraeontii.
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
25. 99. 229. jB/risja erebsu/r^LDfr* G*/t/Bg/ QcSB/reirguu
Gu/TLLGi_nrLb.
GufT^Gsu/riofT?
25. 99. 230. rSdia SIS' LL^ ^sfrcgrjfB/a.
Leave it Mr. Sureh! (It) will die
now. Come on, let us go.
b. Build up drill
(i) /Birm/as (O1iSBT6SI@IJLJGLJ(7L_-
GiiTih.
QT6srguu GumlGiiTth
fbSTiiia
(ii) fBirtn LDemQsssremQemQtu
sm^^ eriPAmu GunQ-
GeunmiT ?
eriPAoiuGuaQGeuniniT ?
LDemrQememGemQuj sar^jS
jblTLD
(iii) jf/EJs5 si^Ll^ ^6fr!sr5m/.
effiLQ^ ^STTigTjmJdB
/BTfEids (olaffsgrgiiij GufrilGimi).
GlasTSffTgyu GuffilGimb
/BfrfBJds (oldSfrsargjju GuiTiLGiiTih.
^BTic Losain'QsairfeTnrrGlsawQuj $ar^<^
6TfP#*tJ Gu/7GnjfruD)T ?
eTi?A9ruGu!TQGeumi>rr ?
u:iem(a)emsmG)6si!TQtu sm^^
eTifâfaûGunQGeumnri ?
(B1LD LDbTiisT(ol65!fr6I(irr(ol6SIIT(oluJ SSE^^
eiiPAaTuGuuQGeunuîT ?
^fiia eTSiLQ^ cSsfrisijfBja.
810/ An Intensive Course in Tamil
c. Expansion drill
_(i) rbiriiiai Qafrsirgyu
QufrtLQi-iTih.
Gu!TlLGlITLb
6T6b6Ufr(/5ti(T (olanrsffrguLj
GuiTtLGiiTtL
(ii) rB/TLD CTiPcjiK-LJ GuiriJiGsufrLCir?
ixisiJwGlssffrsinrrQsroTQuj aar^<
6T/P#9rU Cu/T(5Gffu(ni/r ?
jBiTfB/a (olairsSrgyiJ GufTL-Gt-rrii),
rbirmim Gaîi^^ Q&itesrû
GuirCGi-^tTih.
jhrrmis srebso/rîxiT GfffffBg/
GldBrt'sirgviJ GuiTLLGiiTLb.
;B(TLD LDsoirr(0)61517sBirrGlesirrGluj 2ir
6TfPa=*U GLJ/IG61JfTin/T ?
(0 Q : c9^gJ sT6Br65rm; ?
A : <:9/gJ 6p(5 (oluiPuJ ^6b60 UfTliLJfEla.
(ii) Q: L06i(T(ol6B!n-6BijT(o)s55TQuj aar^^ 6TfPa=*u GunrG6ijiTtifr ?
. A : 619(1^ ^6fr(6i5/EJ66, c9<gJ6ij/ra= Q<9=^gju Gufrui'Lb.
(i) ibiTiiis Qd5fr65r@i/u
Gu/rLlGj_nru3.
verb accordingly.
eriPAAru G u/ T
î:j.a=ftu Gu/r
^65r@i/u Gu/r
(gjUf-Amu G U T
(ii) si?!!^ êh^riia.
verb accordingly.
sT(Lp^^ ^6rrig5
euTfEjiS^ t256iri|T5
(iii) i5U).ULLi_6UfBJa eiro^^
Guireutrmis.
ver^ accordingly,
^q-u
jBT/Bja QasTsirguu GuuiLGiiTib-
jBirfEJsB cSf^.'S'iSu G U T L L G L - T L D .
/BTIBia ^SSTgUU GuTllGtTli).
rbtTiiia oti}. j * u G U T L L G L - T U J .
jSiiia S ' L L ^ {SfifrigfjJBjcSB.
(fij 6U(r(Ejd5<s <s6fr(gT5re;.
i4.ULLi_6u/BJas er^jB^Gu/rexHTiBj*.
^4.ULLi_surBia cr/D^BgyGuiriiia.
Lesson 99 I 811
(i) ffiniiia Qairsjrguu
CSu/TL-Gifru).
QuiTiLiirmia.
^6U65r 1^657gi/jS ^sfrigfjigDjeir.
(ii) (BfriE/iS QaireirguLJ
GuirQQeviTih.
êussr êirgUjS ^srriSTjsun'eJr.
(iii) ;BfffBi<a Qafffflsrgyij
Gu/r(5G((r;ti).
<:9(SU(5 SI SI LL^ ^6fr(6T5(|s)(5.
@6i/6Jr jêffrgjjjS ^sfrigrjigjsJT.
(iv) @6U65r jSeJrgjj^ ^6fr{gr5su(T6BT.
cSjsufEjaB eifPaanJ
GLJT6U(r(E/ffi.
^6U(|5 S I ? L L ^ tserr(5611/7(5.
jBirmia (o1(76J7@uij
Gu(7Gsui7Lb.
/Birmia (ol(35(r6i7guiJ Gui7G6iii7Lb.
<:Si6u(Bj CTiPffanJ Gu/7siJirfE;<sB.
cSJSUcJ 6 ^ L L ^ <SSf7|gf5SU17(5.
^6U65r ^657gyjS <Ssfr|SI561l/7657.
jBf7mj (oliS6r7657gutJ Gui7(5'G(27ti).
êuniia srifiFauli GunQinjiiis.
^3/611(5 siytli^jS iS6rr(gT5(2J'ffl-
^611697 ^6S7gl/^ ^677(675(27637.
jBf7iEj QfrsJ7g);u GL((7L_QSU.
cS/siimjiSB 6TfPi=*iJ GurTL-Qeo.
c9J61J0 eiJll^ ^6i76T7(ol60.
^61)657 .êffrgj/^ ^6776I7G1eD.
^611657 ^6i7gU^ jSefreiT in(TLLl_/76S7.
.^suiiis, eriPAffrU Gufri_
inirLLi_/7mja.
cS<6U(5S I ^ L L ^ J S .2677617 ID 17ill(7(5.
jB(T(5J Q<S6(I657g)JL/ Gui71_
tD(7LlGL_(rLb.
EXERCISES
below.
Model : ep^r^ Quifiu (cobra)
6^(5 SluiPiu jsebsuuTiiiL/.
(i) ii).LJili_6ii(Ej(SB a_t_G6iJ7 6ii(7(Bj. (die)
(ii) [bebso uirubq Aiîi. (bite)
(iii) c9(^ 'G6Dii5'(5jB^ 611/DjSg;- (anthill)
(iv) H-uS'iT eufi^Qih- (again, return)
(v) aarcS^Geuirtnir ? (kerosene)
(vi) LD6Bi7(ol65in-BiyT(ol65a7Qiij GeuiTiniT 7 (pour)
(vii) uGunwiT 7 (burn)
(viii) ^fEj mias (leave) ' ^, . .
h. Combine the following verbs into corhpound verbs.
(i) Qatreb^ + G U T :
(ii) erf + Gu/r :
(iii) .Jûj. + Gu/r :
(iv) jgffjrg)/ + Ou/r :
(v) igtq. + Cu/r ;
i. These are the statements. Report them as in the model given below.
Model : ffrGiê^ : u/riiL/ âSijinn ff/T/rg/.
SrGjrei^ uirthuj SmSînn */Ta/rgj'wT@)/ (ol^/rsirtgg).
(i) SrGife^ : umhL\ Qff^gju Gu/reirg/ wirîP (o)aBt^6B(giX).
(ii) sr^îfih : unihL] qjs^Gcoiii'^jjgJ ev^^^.
(iii) ar^îjih :\^gjsu/r<y Gl*jSgju Gu/ru5'ii.
(iv) as-jB^jrib : /BT/Bi6B 6T6ti60T(5tn/r G^nip^^ Qa/rssrgi/tJ
Gu/rL-Gizruj.
(i) Qa=jSgjuGu/r + Inf.:
(ii) GlffjSgjuGu/r + Fut. Subjunctive :
(iii) ffjSg/LJGu/r + Rel. Part (Pr) :
(iv) Qs=^ûGuir + Rel. Part (Pa) :
(v) Gl*<sg;uGu/r + Pr. Participial noun (masc);
(vi) (o)a=jSg/uGu/r + Pa. Participial noun (fem) :
(vii) GlffjSgjuGu/T + Partcipial noun (masc. Neg) :
(viii) Glff^gjuGu/r + Verb. Part. :
(ix) Q<9=i8gjuGu/r + Verb. Part. (Neg):
(x) QffjSgiuCu/r. + Verbal noun :
(xi) QffjSg/uGu/r + Cond.:
(xii) QffjSgjuGu/r + Cond. (Neg) :
(xiii) ^jSg/uGu/r + Concess.:
(xiv) Qa=<5giuGu/r + Concess. (Neg):
Example : ,r/rs/r^ *fr + Neuter Fut. Neg.
(i) J4. + Neuter Fut. Neg : ,
(ii) erp + Neuter Fut. Neg :
(iii) GUH + Neuter Fut. Neg :
(iv) C)ai_ + Neuter Fut. Neg :
(v) CT/P + Neuter Fut. Neg:
(vi) Gun + Neuter Fut. Neg :
Lesson 99 / 813
(i) C*(5 + Perfect:
(li) Gff(5 + Progressive :
(iii) Ga=(5 + Completive : ,..
(iv) Gff(5 + Reflexive :
(i) m/a p>easouiTihQuu LjnrT<SjfoaojfmjiBfimr ?
(ii) êounthQua aemtn SL-iGesr ÔjSab Qairdrrû
(iii) QurrêuiT, uiribn ^mSifinir {Fn&n^n ?
(iv) uiTinq STg/Gso ^(5<B@in ?
VOCA B ULA RY
ffieoeounihL\ 'cobra' ai^j. 'bite'
eijD 'die' M^g) 'anthill'
Qairsbgy 'kill' Quirgjsu/r 'in general'
unihi-\ 'snake' (o1i_ - 'lie down'
^(tîhuemh 'again, return' O-oi' 'life'
tnwitrGlfiuurciAr- eiiP 'burn'
(olssur 'kerosene'
fiiSiil^jS ^sfrigij 'leave'
G RA MMA R
25.99.229. Gu/r is an auxiliary verb which is used to express the concept
of completive with nuance of malicious intent.' Example :
25. 99. 229. rbiriiis ffrsfasuir^LDira Gaif/BgJ Qsiresrû
GuiTiLGL-nih.
fiiTiB inemQessreimQemQuj ssa^^ sriPatfrLi
Gi_i(rG6ii/rLD/r ?
The main verbs such as Qairstigj; ' kill' and criP ' burn' have the notion of
' malicious intent' and the auxiliary verb Guir denotes the completion of
the notion indicated by the main verbs. It is to be noted that the lexical verb
Cu/r means ' put' and this does not have the semantic nuance we mentioned
above.
25.99.230. jSOTigTj is used to express the concept of' riddance'. Example:
25. 99. 230. nS'LL<s êh^mia.
This auxiliary verb is homophonous with the lexical verb jacfrigj which
means ' push'.
Sandhi : Qa/rsirgu + GumLQiiTth > GlffiireffTguuGiJ/rLLGifrLb
eri?3=9i + QunQGeuiTLDtT ^sriPS'mûGutTQGsutiunr
^Qd^jSgju Gurrsiirgj (Refer S.33 in 17.70)
Qa!T'^.3Fih + G/BiT^gjGso ^Qain^sF GjBjr^jyGso (Refer S.2 in 1.1.)
G/B/Jii + S-Gfio -7>G/B7^gjG60 (Refer S.17 in 2.13)
6T6i3so/r(5LD(T -f Gffff/B^ ^6T6bfiUfr(5iifrff G#/fjB^
^^suiT + Gli^jSgy ^îêuniF Qff^îli (Gunu3Qih. (Refer S.21 in 3.20)
UMT 25
LESSON 100
WITH THE DHOBY
DIALOGUE
*^}B!ruJ : 6Tsir6i(rijU(r, sroDeOfT^
êoQeu&anifesr : w IT lii a ,
*(P uitaA^rffiiisetTn ?
(Jpsir. 9= if, ^ u u OF
Q 3= IT eb gj/.
Have (you) washed all the clothes ?
Yes, sir. All the clothes have been
washed. Will (you) please check ?
Wait a while please. (I) will bring
the account book....Right, now (you)
tell me.
u sffP uj sir , Q jr eair (5
@2J(EjJ, gjflwr,
ftp/ ^(o)6UUJ(o)6iJ!n-jL.G)fD, sp
g (ip iS a ir err LD , (ip @U
GufTffGlcu Gli)(r<s<SLb
^cnjUcSjûj/rp si_(5u-
ffr^fiijth ' <3=ifujT @(!5ig^- ((p@2f
ailGliiL/ii) ^srOj^fP
^STU^fP Guiriliirfffffr ?
fffiuGlsuaasnrfreir ; to /r mi a .
@jST'fi!wr@i; ersBBTeiwPLJ
U/T.. ^/Bâ atlQi-
liJ'GsO @^5SLJ L/ l)
B Q /D LL (5 gj.
a_sJr (65) Q so @(olû
Gufraa (ipi:).iqtc(T ?
.ysoQsuiSBiS/rjrsBr ; (oliS/r(5''E<iB--..;B'T6iT
GlffuJgf u(i(f@G(D'5i.
sr/BjSSrii) ; @ ;B jB T .... (BsbsofrfS
Gu/TfrL_i_fr S2_i_Gffljr
There are two dhoties, four jubbas
six banians, two lungiesr five towels,
three pillow covers, one thick bed
spread and three bed sheets ... In
total, there are twentysix items, sir
Is everything alright sir ?
(Yes), everything is alright. (I) had
given three pants and two shirts for
pressingHave you pressed all of
them ?
Yes, sir. (I) had given them to
Madam yesterday itself after press-
ing.
Take this I There are ten rupees...
Please count and check...There is a
stain in this shirt...Can you remove
it?
Please give it sirLet me try.
Take it! Wash it well and seeIf
the stain does'nt go, bring (it) back
immediately.
Q a tr em Q eu ^ ^
Alright, sir.
Lesson 700 / 817
DRILLS
a. Variation drill
25. 100. 231. (b/T6ffT sT6U60(T^ gj6B5P(olujiL/Lb ffsoQeu
QeuajîrAoKiia.
25. 100. 232. jBTfiir Qffujgj u(rfr@GjD(E).
/f rBsbsu/TjS gjOcuJa-LJ ufr.
b. Build up drill
(i) jBirsar ersbeoir^ gjssiPQuJiL/u)
(ii) /sfTfiir GfB^G^^sidûiiTSiLQtA.
jBiTsir
(iii) 0 (B6i)60/r^ ^Qsuaau uir.
JBV)60(r
iff
c. Expansion drill
(i) jB!T6ST (oli9B(r(p^^(r<f ft.
^LbLDirSiL QiA
@6ro^(P GufTLl
^(Tsir srebsOfT^ gjsBsPGluJtqii)
#6D(o)6i; (o)#UJ^T#<9i-/B/.
^T6sr G/B^GjS î i i D/ rJi l Qi -*
Glair (5^^(r#*-.
G)air(5jSîraa-
C/B^G^ tSjii)iDir.!-LQj_
GlaiT(5<sîTa*
jBirew G^jsG^ îhiDnîLQiA
G)air<s^/raa-.
;5 ^BSbsUffjS g/GlffuasriJ urr.
^G)u.j=*tj ijff(5
jBsbso/TjS gjGlfiuaftu uircj
jBSVJSoirjs gjGlsuaau uir.
jBireoT GlarT(5iS^/raa-.
JBlrSBT ^jlDLDnSL-GlL-A
Glair(5iSîraar.
jBiresr G ^^G ^ ^ti)iiir.s5LLGl(_a
Gla/T!SiSi''a.
jBTsir ^sruîPGuiTL. G^BisGjS
ÎLWITSL-QI-A G)aff(5}S}'r<y-.
(ii) fi ^stOj^fP QunCinifffn ? ^ ^sfOj^fP Gu/TLLL./raa=(T ?
(i) Q: ersirsijnjufr, ersbsofris ^sinrPGlujiqii) #6U<o)6U
GlffiiJ^LLGiiufr ?
(ii) Q jfPiUff @(5(g^/EyTr/r ?
A : fffPuj/T ^(/56B@gj.
(iii) Q: $ ^srOj^/P Gu/rili_(r*ff/r ?
A : û)/T(ijds.
(iv) Q : si_6ir(gB)(ol60 ^QjSU Guiraas (tpirj-iqin/r ?
A : (o)a(r(9f5).-.. (B(T63r Glaiugj u(rff@G(DrEja5.
(i) (BTsir (ol<yuJ^/Tff*.
verb accordingly.
G U / T L L
(ii) /Bisffr (ola(7(5jS<zfr<s=*.
Substitute
/BTfEja
(iii) jBfresr (ola=uJgj unnA^QjpeiT.
verb accordingly.
/Dfrsir Qffi(r(5jSjS(ri=-.
/BfTSor uirn^^nAffr.
jbireir GI-J(TLLI_(T jav-.
/fffE) (o)afrjBîrff<9r,
v:S/^ GlafT^jS'rffft.
jBfresr ^(olbui=ftLJ ujTfiaigGjDCST.
Lesson 100 / 819
Substitute
(v) ^(tpaasfrsTTii).
Substitute
GufrirGlsu
(i) fBTsir (o)a=(iJGjas5T.
jbiTsir sT^^G^ssT.
jBTsir ^sfOj^fP Gu(rLLGi_6Jr.
jBfrsffT gjQeu^Gffsar.
(ii) /Bffsjr (ol*tug; U(riT<a(gG/r)6BT.
i_i/Tfr@(fty/Bj<s.
(iii) JBT65T Glffujgi uditjsGjSSJr.
<S/6UfBj GUTL1( 5LJ
UT(f<SiS(r(BJ35.
(iv) cSysu g;(ol6Da=ftu
.^gJ erj^yiJ Li(r(f@tr).
jBfTsir (o)a=uJgj ufrffjaGjScir.
/Bfreir GutriLQu urriiA^Gpan^.
jBTSir Glsu'olsTruj/nq.u u/rffa@G^6Br.
jBfTfiir {Tj-ffyiJ i-JirjtiS5(gG(D6Br-
^SBJrr.
G LKT/ TG I SU.
^QeoiuQessT s^Qp.
jBTsir êioîP GUITILI-IIAST.
^(resr (olûjg; LKriTjsG^Bsr.
jBiTCJr Qffujgi u/T(f(Dl60.
^6umi GLJTLl(5iJ Lj(r/r(olo.
sj^Ju ufrifaaBGlso.
iDjrilifr.
jbireir Glffuj^ u(T/ftDffL-G<_6i7-.
820 I An Intensive Course, in Tamil
EXERCISES
belowr.
Model: ereoeon^ gj6inif Clu^Jiqiii gjilGituT ?
(wash, as clothes)
ereoeon^ gjswPGliuiqiri *soQsuQcSFiiJgiilCei_iij(T ?
(i) â&ST + er 6T(5jSg/id3il cu/BgjOGpssr.
(account book)
(ii) tS/gi (dhoti)
0") (lungi)
(iv) (towel)
(v) tSJg/ (pillow cover)
(vi) (press)
h. Combine the following verbs into compound verbs.
(i) QffUJ -1- :
(ii) QaiT(S +
(iii) u(r(5 + ;
(iy) GUITQ + ;
(v). gjfflsu + ;
(vi) Qffiu + urr(iT) :
(vii) g/Gleii + ufT ;
(viii) Gu/r + uir ;
i. Fill in the blanks using the cues as in the model given below.
Model : erstison-jS âssPQiuiLfth
crebeon^ ^sssPQuju-iih aêoQaj Q*ii5rjr**.
(i) 6S5T(gu Ljdoâ^sGl^ erQ^ÂSiLQ
(61IIT)
(ii) r^ÂQaebeoiih êrvîP
(Gu/r)
(iii) fiirm uu
(Q<f/r6bg2/)
(iv) G/B^GjS îhinrrSiLQi
(QanQ)
(v) */Piij/T ^c5^jS/r'6WT@)/
(sTsmessPu u/r)
(vi) @/B^ (o)pQuju
(Gu/r@)
Lesson KX) / 821
j. Change the given nouns into the objective and add at the left to the
(i) gysjrof : $ êoQeu QsFvu^CQtUjn ?
(ii) i^STUâsii : ffin&sv STQ^^SIL eufi^QQpm.
k. Change the given nouns into the locative and add at the left to the verbs
(0 t9<iiu)T : G/BjsGjS QaiT(S^îrS'ima.
(ii) : {birm êivîP Gurrt(o)<sB/rjsGjS6Jr.
(iii) jBTSBT : BiQpQuiTaiTL-iir Q(r(5'iSgJ(5-
1. Fill in the blanks as in the model given below.
Modefl : Qr/amQ Geuei^Lj., /Bfrgy g^tJu/r.--
(i) Q:j6m(S Geueîsf., <^gi; uesPiuesr
Qmir^îb S(nûuin.mis.
(ii) /BTga gûuT, QijemQ ^liiS, .^tg* g/sror
QioiT^îh a_(5iJuii}.(B/.
(iii) ftp^ GuuHQeu, /Bfrgy jsQeoujQeBffr SL-Clpj, c9/(g59r gjswr
(oliniTjS^tb si_(5uu4.mj<9B,
(iv) epajf g^Qfiaanemh, GljrsnijT gy/EidS, /Bfrgy gûuir..-'
QiDn^îh t-aûutiîiia:
Model : JBTSST Q6Bff<SjS(5;BGjSSJr.
(êtoîP G u/ 7)
jBTsar êioîPGuiTi (o1as(T<s^(f5^GjSr.
(i) jB/i6sr QaitQ^â^fiGêir.
(aQpQiuu GUIISIQ)
n. Answer the questions. Make your answers like the model given below.
Model: Q. si_aiT^Qeo ^GljS* O^ûJiiJ (tpUf-iLfUin 7
A. ;BT6r @G1<S* Qaîugi uff(f(gGp/5/.
. (i) Q. a_6Jj(g)Glo ^Q^^^^GIsuaas (ipKj.tL/tcT ?
(ii) Q. a_ir(g)Glso ^670511? Guiri- (ip4.qLD/T ?
(iii) Q. c^sirigjGlso îhunrSL-Qiai Gl(Ta (jpi/j-iqio/r 7
o. Fill in the blanks with the correct pronouns required in the following
sentences.
(i) QairQ^^Q.
(ii) (o)6B(T(5nsj.
(iii) Qauj^ uirnA^Gnoiiis.
(iv) âogj .
(v) erebeon^ gjesffPOujiL/ii) êoQeu Q^tuîLGiiurr ?
(vi) gîP uiTifAtgfrffiiiaerrtT ?
(vii) ^si360rr^ ^QeuAotU u/r.
p. Give an answer with negative if-clause to each of these questions using
the cues given in parentheses.
Model : iS aîLQiQiu QarrQ^^QGpujiT 7
(aQpGuir)
ffiP. aQroGuiraiTiLiiT rgirm a=L-(oli_(o)uj*
(i) ^lassPQius, QiXirQ^^QQpinrr ?
(ffsoQeu (o)a=uJ)
(ii) ^ Guftnin (o)t_. (ola5iT^gjG(DUj(T 7
(iii) jE ^QeuAsrU unni^Groiun 7
(s,Qp}Gun) ,
(i) 2_/BJJLL(O)I_ ffTssiSlsjrsirsiJT gjstraf ^(5@gJ ?
(ii) îBJds a_fB/ g/esffPSlfiJ Tuu^ ^QenuiSiiia 7
(iii) s_/Ej gjsroPGliiJ ffietisoTLb ffsuQcu (ola^tLipsuCigg)!Gu
ersJrew ?
(iv) jffEia Gu/T65r6i/fT!rt) GufrtliêssPQiu erebeonib tSisueir
(FeoQsu Glffiuisnfffffr ?
(v) 2_(Ei.5LL(oll_ ST^^(o)65T GujTjfGlsU ?
(vi) ;ff/5jffi a_(5ja5 <f iJ-(olt_Q6i;60/Tti (gsfD^fP Gi_((rLli_/r#*n- ?
VOCA B ULA RY
STsirsarLJUT
Geiisi^tq.
'Hey' ffsoQoj Qaîu 'wash, as clothes'
'check' 'wait'
'account' ffi633TS6@U
i_/efoâ5Lb 'account book'
'dhoti' gfiuutr 'juhba'
Lesson 100 / 823
'banian' 'lungi'
'towel' jsQeoujQfiwr
'pillow'
^(tpAauefTih 'thick bed
'pillow cover' spread'
GurriTG)oU
'bed sheets' 'item'
Guem( 'pants' êroîPGurrQ 'press'
'count' erremestsPuuiT^
'count and check'
'stain' 'remove'
'beat down, as 'dhoby'
clothes'
G RA MMA R
25.100.231. Like the auxiliary verb - (Refer 25.96.224.), the conjugated
auxiliary verb ~^6FST is also used to denote the completion of the action
expressed by the main verb. Example :
25- 100. 231. /Bfreir ereo&m^ êsffPGlujiqLb aêoQeu
rtneir Grb^Q^ îhiDnSiLQiÂ QatrQ^îrAs^.
25.100.232. In the verbal composition, the auxiliary verb -uir is used in
the meaning of trying or attempting to achieve what is expected by doing the
action expressed by the main verb. Example :
25. 100. 232. jbiTOT Qa-iu^ umra^Gpisim,
Sandhi : ffrdjfiurr + ]est!PQiuu-(ih ^srebeoiT^ gjewPQujiqii)
aemA^ Lfsrv^s^Q^ ^semaû L/erOjSajsGljB
(Refer S. 4 in 1.2)
Lfeioâih + ffr ûfsioâ^Q^ (Refer S.17 in 2.13)
ffTsairrswP + utr ->6T6iraTa(iiPiJ UT (Refer S.31 in 17,68)
gjQsuffai- + U(r(5 ^gjCleuffwu u/r (Refer S.33 in 17.70)
L;T(f<B@GjD6ir + riis u(r/f@0(Dns/<3S (Refer S.30 in 16.61)
fffPu/rifsojiymja + dy, â'lPuniraigipSiBimerriT
^(5iggi;mJ6B + ^ ^cjaogyfE/aerr/r (Refer S.19 in 2.14)
I
WORD I NDE X
âaxiêmTL- - âock/egiml 16.64
c9(<x<s/r - âan 1.10
^mjCa - ^miC?B 15.60
^(gjar - gBiBg; 1.6
^CiB&^sfr - îLiB&^QST 15.55
/ - 4.24
c9jt_iSBix)T65T -^L-AainnesT 1.10
- <5iii)- 11-44
cSjtiâaii). - cSJiÂdsiq. 16.66
<*/iSi5 - îS<a 8.37
^LJq - ^LJq 12.49
^Ql_liD(ol(p - ,:5(SiDl_tDSID(p 18.75
cêssTigsB) - c9<i(ijT(gB5) 15.57
CS/SBBTSSBP - tS/srorawP 15.58
êmQem&i^ ~ cSjfiBrsnpao 11.47
cMjsGljS - KSI^SS)^ 7.35
c9/{Z(S)(ol - 5s;<S(gB)C60 15.56
8.38
^^*ujfu)) - .:Si^3'iuu[> 23.91
cWgi - 1.2
c5>(gi - êmeu 1.6
c9^(o1jS6b60/Tfli))-c9fSinjSGllU6b6l3Tli) 1.9
st?)^ - 1.8
16.65
e9/(5jBu)(r - ^GjDatoira 13.51
t9(G/BU5fr - ^G;6LD(T 14.54
cSjuu - ûGuTg/ 8.38
,ÛUUf.UJIT - ÛUlq.lUIT 7.34
ûuia.6ij]-(g) - ûutq. sreiJTjnjfib
6.32
c9fLJutq.Gluj6Br(276bjSfr65r 15.55
tS/uusTrCiii) - ûusDii 7.36
ûun - îJu/T 1.7
cSfUL/iofti)) - c9)Uqp3tD 4.24
2.15
^l i ugi - îhu^ 4.25
^liinCeiJr) - cSfibiDsir 23.92
îhuim ssnneueolih) - ^LouisJr
saiffeueOii) 23.92
îhmiT - îhinu 1.7
.:5<(ra=a=(ol6ijr - .^^(Ta^j&isr 21.85
usBirr^jj 21.85
- ^^'^'T 11-47
t9(!r.#ujsb - ^[T^ûjeb 20.83
.:^!r#uj6b (o1ufrj66ah.ili_u) 20.83
cSj^LâasL-eb - tS/irLPaasL-sb 2.15
^(Pc^ - îPfi 23.92
^(5619 - ^si? 22.89
cS^Gl? - cSyem!; 3.21
^QUISÂQALL - c/65){r [i).((ol(5LL
4.25
cSfsbsogj - ^6060^ 21.86
êbeun - êbeun 22.89
c9<SD/EJ6BfP - êoraaiP 11.47
c9<sOLDfrfP - êCLDniP 1.9
c^gjjuS'fflrf'iULJ urr^îjth 19.80
êveuerrsi^ - c9((.-iysuOTfii^ 1.12
c9yJ - cSywjgrr 1.10
tsjeufsjr) - ^6U6w 1.10
t^sumja - cSjoUTdBSTT 1.5
c5J6umjd5 - ^sviraeh 1.5
cSysuraja - êxiiraEsfr 1.7
^suaîjiriiT - ^suffiTiufra 8. 37
^sijfiuj(th) - sSjsuîuib 16. 67
c5>(SU<#ujfLbj - cSjsij.#iujii) 24. 95
c9(6iJU3/Puj(r(ol^ - cSjsuiDif'ujfrsDjS
15. 60
c^su(5 - ^;su/T 1.1
c^6U(5 - cS/SU/T 1.1
êi)G)^ Aasmu - t5jijs!Dir(TUJ 25. 97
c/(p(T65r - cSftpafTsar 1. 10
csyjp - =9/jp@ 2. 17
c9((ip^LJGufr - ^( yjJuGufr 18. 75
^QjfiAsêtiiT - c9/6injp<ag;suT 22. 88
cSfOTlgTJ cS/STTlgJ 17. 73
<s=(ruurr(5 3. 22
55/g2/su(o)(_ - ^gi;su6!Di_ 18. 75
^ Q/ D - ^65)/D 1-5
c5/fr?(Lpuu(5^gj 16. 64
t5(@l/tJL/ - .:^g)juq 5. 30
<:9)@l/LJi_/ - csyguuq 7. 35
^ûsu(ih) - ^gyusutb 24. 95
- =%66(g 23. 91
<r%srUil - âerOiL 8. 38
=5?f,(S - 17. 69
cîBjJsufii) - .^fBjJsoii 1.11
t^^fPujfsir) - ,:^.#/Paj65r 1.1
^îPQiu - ^#fP6!niu 2. 13
c^Q^LJU - ^S!DS=LJU 16. 67
19. 78
c^sinrr - ^wAr 2. 14
c^sBor - ^SBirr 8. 38
ÛL96iT - d?i)LJ'-^sir 3.21
d^Lferu - ^^LS' STO 2. 17
c^tDfr - ^LDfTii 1.3
^^Lfl/TcS/rtg^sBTii) 18. 76
Word Index / 827
û3j(ih) ~ cîd'(rti) 8.38
3.21
îjihueiS'ifiiT - cîirtiusiJiyjn- 19.78
.z^jriini' - îjihiS' 17.70
c^{p(ii) - ^tfidi 16.62
^g)/ - 1.6
da,p - c^p 11.47
c%6ir/B<z(u)} - c^ssr/Bîi 19.81
^ - ^cfr 25.98
^ - ^(sb 2.17
^liiGs - ^(EiGffi 2.14
îlfflSi - îlaSi 6.32
@6iiimi).uje5T - êmixf-ium 9.40
î>TG)iJin-a6(g - êsren/pa 5.28
^g) - @6S)SiJ 1.6
^Q^6b60T(ii))-@60)^(olujsb60frix) 1.9
.^GîT - ^Gîr 7.34
- ^/BjS 1.8
^/Bj* - @/B^ 1.9
^fiîutsja - ^ffijîiJffasfr 1.3
^/B^tuT - ^^^luir 1.7
^fiî>aiisF(Lp^îjw 2.15
@ULJ - ûG uf r^ 1.4
ÛULf - ^LJUlI). 12,50
îDUJinQeu - înujto^ 2.15
2-13
@ - (5 25.100
([5/Bg;(ii)j - ^/Bg/tri 17.72
ÛjSiûj/Tp - @(5u<5iiiJ(rp
2.15
( 5U^ - @(5Ugj 1.12
^(5LD6b - îTfjiDeb 12.48
^60 (SI 60 - ^60^0 1.2
@6bQ60 - ^613^0 1-3
^sbGffO - êbGeo 1.3
^soaasBirrCiiJ - êoAaassrih 17.70
^soaJuj(ii) - êoAStuib 16.66
@60d5diuj siJijsOTp - êosStu
evtreoiTgti 24.94
^sijsijsrrsij - êiieuOTSi/ 10.43
@6ij - ^susrr 1.10
^6u - ^ffljsfr 1.10
^sufsir) - ^njssT 1.10
@Su(65r} - ^6U37- 1.10
^si/fB/as - ^sufrasfr 1.5
^sufs/ffi - @u(ffa-fr 1.5
^61/(5 - @U/T 1.2
^6Uc5 - ^sufT 1-2
@pffiU)n- - ^pffii)/r 12.49
@6iJr60S!iirTL_ QeULliff -
^sweoeuiml (O160LLL_T 21.86
@5r@u(ii)) - @6B7-gj/Lb 12.50
^64rQ(SBj(5 - ^65rGl|gB)(5 20.83
^65TQ<5(5 - @63T(o)(g5J(5 15.55
^SBTeroiq.uj.yjjLL -
^6ffr6rouj.iq.yj,u- 7.34
^6sr6TO(olui_ff - ^65reio(olui_/r
25.98
êsPuLj - êaPuui 12.50
^ssPGm - ^sffPGiuab 17.70
^sfOj^ffiGufr - ^stOjSfPGurr
25.100
;gi6iî_fii)) - @6i^L_m 3.22
a_
2_<sir(5 - a_tliTfr/_tla6(T([5 4.24
a_(w - a_/Ejasfr 1.1
2_#rf' - _^,# 22.88
a_L_tf)L; - a_i_Lbq 12.48
2_i_g2i - j_(_sb 11.45
S-i6STix^tuiT - a_i_6Bnr).iij(7- 24.95
a_i_G65T - a_L_G6ijr 5.28
SL.emQ - a-SBST 22.88
E -SSB TGI LD - a_BBT65)LD 8.39
ffi-^si? - E_}SsiS' 11.46
a_LJq - ffi_LJq 23.92
a_uqtiT - a_iJL/u)/r 6.32
S-u3(!f) - a-itPff 25.99
si_(5MLJ(i). - a_(5ULj). 25.100
a_(f5(S)6Tr(o)(p(Bj@ -
a_(5&ifr<5<Sy)/Ej(g 7.36
sj-eoafii)) - 2i_60ii) 16.67
SJ_(oljp - 2_SIDJp 15.55
S-ehGen - O-ehGen 9.41
C-lgrjJBgJ - _ig5jBgJ 18.75
1.12
_pL/q - ffi_puq 11.45
a_63T - aj_6B7 1.10
flai
aartl - afflrtl 7.36
EarjSgj - sm^g^ 7.35
arff6U60(.ui) - Siarffsueoti) 11.47
aarirsufiofii)) f5i_^gj -
aar/rsueoti ibi^^ 11.47
fflsT - aar/T 1.1
aarpsfruj - aarp6B/TuJ 22.89
ST
erasfOLi'jrsfi; - er.BsfOLS'irsfo 4.26
eT(Bj - sTiB/asfr 1.5
SI raGa - sTiBjGa 2.13
eril - STL. 1.6
eTi_g/u<a(tri) - ^(_gjuir) 9.40
6Ti_(Lbj - îib 4.26
6T - STQ 6.33
ST - ST 16.62
ffTiSgj6ii/r - 6T^gisu/r 21.87
ST6msssPuuiT([^ - ersBBTsiraPLJuffri'
25.100
ffT6iwr^ - grcain-SBg)! 25.100
STjS^tgjfljb) - ST^jStgBJLD 1.11
STjS^&sruj/reugi 1.7
CTjS^Glssr - sTcs^&sr 1.6
sTîTUiT(!^ - erîTUitiT 15.58
ergj - sTgj 1.5
STg/ - STSiDSV; 1.6
sTgjGiT - sT^Gi^ 9.40
erQcaebfflJfreiij^-eTSinisGlujsbeUfru) 1.9
CT/B^ - ST^^ 1.8
STUU - STUGUIT^ 8.38
eruuiq- - eruuiq. 2.17
eTlJLJlI).LJULLl_ - 6TULJtr).L.<ULLL_
1.10
sûus^(lt) - sTuGurrgjLD 11.46
ffTfP - sTiP 25.99
sTsbsofrCii) - ersbsoirih 1.9
576060/7(5(11)) - 6761360/7 (5li)/
676bGso/r(5U) 1.9
676bQ60 - 67si)&o/676bîaw7r 2.15
STsi/61JSY761J - 676i/6L/6T761/ 1.12
6T(ip - 6T(tp 12.49
eT(y)gj - 67(ipg/ 6.31
6T(ipj5j(5 - 67(tp/BjS(5 13.52
ST(liUL^ - 6T(ipUl_/ 12.49
6T(pU^<SliJ(ff5ai- - 6T(ipU^65)<8;6g/
21.87
S7(ipugi; - sT(Lpu^ 8.38
67/D - 25.99
r7/D.6!nsu - ^paJsaieu 21.87
67/D@ - @/DiS 12.49
6T(D/B/(g - ^/D/BJig 5.30
67/DfEi@ - ^/D/EJ(g 11.47
67(ol/D - ^sjnp 12.49
ST6ff7 - S7657 1.1
676B7657. - 67676S7 1.1
676B7657 67657617 1.4
eT6B7657/SJ65 - 6X657657 4.24
67657657LJU/7 - 6T657657tJUT 25.100
676576576U/7 - 6765765761//7ffi 2.13
6T657(o)657657657 - 67657657657S57 2.16
67/7 - sTaaiT 2.14
ejtn/rp - 67U)(7p 20.82
Word Index I 829
6TQ$ - 6J(l, 1.6
(TTgU ejpi 4. 25
ej(m) - ejasT 10. 43
676Jr(SB) - sjQesrekitrjeo 8. 38
ggsro 6UTLL_n- - êro 6UTilL_/f
6. 32
spili-aCtL) - g)LLi_aub 19. 81
epil - QJ LL 21. 86
spsrorigg) - p6Jr(nyaB 21. 85
spsair^l/ir! - e^mpnh 3. 19
cpiiLjgj - epesTu^ 1.6
g>uj!nr)/i657 - s>_uj!riD(r6OT 1.10
6p>pr(ti>) - ffi_jri) 7. 35
S>ffi ~ 1-3
S>C!5 ~ 1-6
6pffiiujfu)j - 6p(5ffiiujii) 17. 71
fip^jS^ - 6p^^/r 20. 84
ep^!a(6sr) - spêueir 19. 78
6piSi* - j>iS^ 19. 80
sj>^!rfii) - ep(!T)îjih 12. 48
sp^GeuGlerr - ep(!f)(SeudsfT 14. 53
6P(jpmjffin- - sp(y)fEjffi(r<sB 18. 77
j>tl - ^ L L 5. 30
fpL. - @iL/C6ij/rLL 20. 83
g>L.LjGi_ifr - îLQGuiT/
GevrriLQuGunQ 20. 83
> - e> 19.81
p)uje4 - puJsi/ 18. 76
fpujfiij 6 T - ipuJsiy 6 T 18. 76
gjjTjSgjGso - ^7{Zj^6i; 4. 26
<s
*G#(P - JGffif 16.65
asffGffrfi Qa=uj - aAGaiP Qaiu
16.65
- ^ 12.49
- ai l i i 20.83
6BLLi_frajfii)) - siLi_muih 20.83
aiLisêb - aCuêo 1.9
i l - ail 11.47
LLffl!r - LL6in!r 24.94
ai^cssba/r^nsia -
i;S<a6b65T(r/f6n- 16.67
at-Ccffr) - <g5i_65T 15.57
65i_(6iJr)6iKrm/(g-ai_6Br 6iiTmi(g 15.57
6SII). - airf. 25.99
&i^.&n^{ih) - aii^snijih 1.4
&is^^{w) - ai:r).jsii) 15.59
ffiUf-esTLDT - aii).6STtifra 15.55
@ - @ 23.92
aQi- - 655i_ 12.49
1.12
aQi-ûj'GsD - 65)i_,#u5'Go 13.51
aQt-eS^ - 6S)i_6i?{i 5.27
iS<iiijTi_i_(f - 656ii5n_iSi_(r 4.25
aemi^-uun - 6Biiirii).tJUT 15.56
S0Jr7-LS'lrj. - 6B6TOTLS'lIf. 20.84
ffiSwriTO)ijj. - asoirigBBjiij. 1.12
aarorgg)/ - asw 11.45
assir <5(g assirag 16.63
aemrra^ - s>smsx^ 25.100
aeiraraoL; qsfO^dBfii)) -
6!(in-dB@u L;fo^65ii) 25.100,
e55r6ij - asMTeufr 1.7
6!wP^(i)) - aeuif^LD 2.13
jSiSiP<s(ruJ - ajSjaiPaan-uj 25.97
a-Sjfi - <Sji 11-44
j5iy - aêi^ 9.41
<5f7-T6ULlGffuf\h) -
aBjSTa/TfiOLLGa^LJU) 16.65
L i - u 4.24
- mihL\ 11.44
i i ) L/ - a u i q 18.75
&thQue<s? - aihQussP 2.13
#nsj^Û3 16.65
ffijTii). - asjj-K). 19.81
(5ûGu(r - a(i^SuGun 18.75
a6t)g2j - 656b 11.47
asbgj/r/P - asbga/rfP 110
60/Bg/(o1(rsrr(6i5 -
a60 iBgi G1T sir (Sjj/aso/Bg/(olffiffsfr
19.78
60(TLL_nr - 6B60TLLL_T 19.81
6iiu/r655rfli) - ae&iuiremih/
a&itunemih 14.54
aeiKT - ffieutr 21.86
6u(ol60ULJ(5 - ffiSUÛU 10.43
aSUeSTLDIT - 6U6BILD/Ta5 17.72
6i?(o)<s - asiS'sD.s 8.39
si^6sjri_/f - aeiêmiii 16.61
aGlsYTLJu/rgi; - a&rruuiTgu 22.88
dSJDL? - .SBfDL? 13.51
dBguiJLj - agyiJL/ 6.33
(o)/D - <956!D(D 25.100
1.3
asfiaresTLCti) - 6JT6ffTi_iii LI
6OT<g5rTLDU(7-(U)) i3B6Sr/TLbl_l(ni) 18.74
&esr(ipefT6iT - 63r(ip6fr6tr 1.12
(566)^l_LJU(5 - a6i^L_tJu(p 16.67
assi^Lfii) - 656iî_iL 5.29
&eiî(ih) - a56i%i_Lb 16.67
airAau - aniaiT/&naw 20.82
frai- - a/r* 19.78
ami - afTtl 7.34
a/rtTOTL? - a/iiuinL? 7.34
/r@)i - afr@y/a/r6w 23.92
(T<s^(5 - afj^jS 10.42
(rj - 11.45
aTLJu/rjSgJ - a n r u u T p g y 16.67
a T L? - a T L? 4.24
a/ruj - anriiJ 12.49
amuanS' - a/ruJapy 7.35
a/ruJan?aff!rii)LD(r -
afruJa{7?aa/T(rii)ir)/T6rr 25.97
(ruJa=ff6b - a(TuJ*ff6b 12.48
aTuJjffsb cSliif- - aTUJa=.yfib tsyu).
12.48
afTuJJa- - a/riuffft 12.49
afrujfu)) - ajrujii) 25.98
aiT/f - a/T/i 5.30
aT/r - af f f f 21.86
aiTi;es!ST(ih) - a/rjrfiBiyrii) 18.76
a/rfPujîPrfi - a/r/Poj^/P.^ 23.93
ainPujfLb) - aiTiPujLb 11.46
aiTiPujneciu(Lb) - anîuneoiuth
23.93
afTsb - ansb 3.21
affsiS" - afTSi? 23.93
/rgj7 - a(76b 7.36
a/rSl60ii5iG60 - anû3Geo 3.15
a/rGfiuiP - anrGcufP 1.5
S
SCt-^îLi - 17.69
JsBBT - .deeiiiiT 12.50
SeKJsm{ih) - vfiswrssffru) 17.73
Sijnin(ih) - SijniDih 19.80
.^GsUfT - JCsOT (Sijnih) 3.21
- ^Cy) 9.41
.dfGjp - Gyi 9.41
@tlu)- - (gtlu}. 19.81
- (g)4- 4.24
- @iq.6!nff 19. 80
@uj.(iJ'(5 - @i).uJi((5 19. 80
@uiufu)) - @(5iti)um 24. 95
(giiueb - (gtiusb 25. 98
(gujL? - tiL? 23. 92
tuTsfOjaT - (gu5/r6ro<sn- 2. 17
@(r/EJo - @!r(5i|g 19. 81
@{P/B(o)<a/Ejffi - (g(p;B6S5^6Tr 2. 14
@(p(ruj - Ofp/ruj 12. 49
OfffP - (geiP 13. 52
@6TPLJLJTLL - igsiPuuTil 15. 60
@6TP(5 - @6iPn- 2. 18
@(o1(D - @6(n/D 12. 48
<KI. LLI_ ( U) ) - ffi..LLi_ti 8. 38
..LLi_(ti)j - d^LLi_Lb 16. 61
I - L L - . . L L 12. 50
.sh-il - , . L L 25. 97
aii.Q(ih) - i.tb 15. 58
*V. G1L_ - u6!Dl_ 21. 87
ah-SnirT - sh.6mQ 19. 81
<9h.66i - ah-ei? 21. 87
(o)<SBLLii)-<5aBfrfP - <o)<SBliif_ds<afr/fi 11. 45
Q i _ - J i _ 25. 99
5. 29
(ol(SB(o)t_<S5fr^ - <5B65)l_iSB(TgJ 3. 22
Glffi(D)i_<s5@(LD) - <d3sint_as@Lb 3. 22
(o)6B6irargi; - Semps 12. 49
0a(p(J - <5e(pGS'iJu - CasfroS'LJU 23.91
G(gT5 - Gasrr 8.39
Gaigfj - Gasfr 11.45
G(6r5 - Gagfr 21.87
fins
65565 - 6S5 11.45
6!Di3B(B@Ll(olt_ - SDaffi@L_S3)l 1.8
65)a5LJU/B^/rLLl_(Lb) -
65)ULj/B^(rLLf_Lb 19.78
6B)i5B0UJ(ip^g/ - 6S)iSS(oluJ(ip^gi 9.41
65)66(olliJ([p^giU GufT -
65)iSBGliij(Lp^gju Gu/r 9.41
smaQuj i Tuuf ti ) J - emaQuj/ruuiL
16.64
(olrr(g59=G^!r(Lb) -QafrjgiS^GjBirLD
8.38
Gl(r(5ff(ii)) - Q&n\^9ih 2.18
QafTcâ^CLDj - Glas(T(ff56PLD 4.24
Glfrq.LO!r(tb) - (o)fr:).ti7iii 11.47
G)fr - GlafT 4.25
Qan( - Q( r 16.66
GlcSBfrGli- (gsB)!1.8
(o1fr6II!(T6U(T - (o)65T6Wr61/T 4.24
Qfr^g;uD6bsi5'.s!n(r 25.97
''înuujiTuujfi(ih) -
QaiTiLnunuuyîh 22.89
Qsireb^ - Gl6B/r6b.g2//Qn-6b 25.99
Cairiq. - GajTU). 2.15
GafriLPfit) - GaiTu3eb 11.47
Gairyjaa/I? - Gafrjâap? 3.22
=
*C(rj8/P - ffCasTjZ/P 2.17
g'mt^(ih)- 9mîh 16.65
uem^/a^miîh Clûj 16.65
ffilGli- <yLLsini_ 7.35
ffL-euP - aîLasP 6.32
tf/BjS - a=;BjS 8.38
FUUffjSj^ - 3=UUIT^^ 3.22
=ujr - s'un 16.65
*ii)U6rrfii)) i- ffiiusirui 19.80
g'thun^ - aîhun^ 16.67
ffiiiBj2(ti)j - ffihiDîh 19.80
.yiimrf - aîiifl/r 16.61
.FiDUjftiJ - ffiDujii) 22.88
<F(y5 - S=(Jp6B 1.4
#(o)u3 - a=61Dl) 7.36
ffe!Diflujfr)L-(9 7.36
ffifaaBT/f - (F(ffr(r 16.67
fffP - ff/P 4.24
ff^ - ff/P 4.25
a^rPu/r - #(PuTff 25.100
aîPujfr - fffPujrra 5.30
ff/Piufl- - a^fiiuna 12.50
25.100
aêoGieu Qîu - a=60(o)su QiS'iu
25.100
a^srP - anP 12.48
ffGlsTT - <5=&rr 17.71
ffn- - ffff 25.98
s=iT^(ih) - 3nîh 22.88
ff/TjSfrjrsBBT - a^n^nijessT 11.44
<y/riJu/r - a^nuuaQ 3.22
a=/rLJL5'(5i - ff/TuL? 6.32
TUL? - fffTL/L? 24.94
îrtbufrff - anihuiTif 6.32
S'lTLD^^ - fffTLD/BiS 18.74
ffTiDTsir - *ffm/T65r 21.87
*ifii? - 9niBlmeu!nB 21.85
3'nffy(ih) - jTLD 16.65
a/rsi? - ffirs^ 3.19
SaQtfiL - SaQij\L 4.26
âGliTil L?ii}- - âGlirtliiinf. 4.26
.#fs;<s(ii)) - Stiisfh 19.81
SmSeh - .^mJefr 3.19
S^^Qi; - ^î^siDjr 11.47
ûfTfPft- - ûir/Pft 10.42
fiurriPoi uesisT^)! - i fu/ r/ P*
LJ6)wr^/,#UT(Pft GlffuJ 10.42
Sijin(ih) - Sijmih 11.46
<#sU60(o)(D - #sb60in(D 4.25
SQIS,Q^ - #gu6in^ 16.66
#6sr6in- - ^rtJiiJ 1.8
^cjreimiiifi/f - ^ssresTthiDiT 14.54
fiGlbS-êir 1.10
^QearS^ - SCSesrS^/SQibS^
1.10
.#G6in-,*iS-- SQasrS^lSQ^S^ 1.4
ÂSifLDiT - ÂSifLDns 12.49
#QjS - .#sin<s 23.91
,#jq - #LJq 1.12
îTa(th) - î^mLb 23.92
- #61/ 11.44
ft - ft 12.50
ftjSjSftbj Qftuj - ft^jstb (ol<5FiL'
19.80
ft^j^suff - ftfD(i?6Ufr 21.85
ffrihiBn - ftiiinfr 14.54
ftin/TiT - ftLonrfr 2.15
aûmifiT - sunnijns 6.32
*sun-# - ftGU/r# 11.45
1.10
^LL(?6B6ro - gjtlGasfo 21.87
> - a> 6.32
^fPoJ tSJsfejSiDSBrii) 17.68
^/POuJTûj(ii) - ^rPCuj/rjSUJU)
17.68
êu/rsogj - g,6U(T60g^ 9.40
S I *
Clftmasbgpi - QftiEJasb 11.47
Oa=ir^ - Glffii). 7.35
ClffCKinLLirev) - QaêsmLtêo 9.40
Q#i'ig)T (olfti^(6D)rf 8.37
GlftuJ - (S)<iFuJ 11.47
<o)*uJ - Glfttu 6.31
61*60 - #60 17.72
(ol*60(5 - #60(f 13.51
GlfffioGeuGerr - #6oG6u&n- 14.54
Gl*6ij6U/BsS - 0*6usu;6^ 17.74
(oleuuq 'fieuuLf 2.16
G *
a*i5 - G*i 7.34
C* - G#/f 8.38
G* - Gftff 16.61
G* - G<9=(t 17.73
G# - G,F(7 19.81
en*
anaÂSeh - anâJefr 19.78
aniF6u(ih) - 6!n*6uu) 3.22
Word Index /
(ol*/r
(o1*/r;B^ aar - QJ T / B J S aar/r 15.59
(o)*/Tb6i5'Q<5Bn' -
Q*/T6b66'<B(51a(T 17.70
Qffirebga - G)*(76bg2//Q*/r6b 7.34
Gl<9=TfD(olu/ry5'si^ - SlftirpSlufryS'sij
17.72
G *T
G*/Tiji_/ - G*/riJL/ 1.12
GfffTcrrfLb) - G.afiren-iL 18.75
Gffng)j - GaiT^ 7.36
(al*6ir
Q*6Tr.SujU)/r - Q*Grra5.ûjiDnr 4.24
<oli9=srra/fujt)T - Glff6irfPujLD/r6B
15.56
(SJT
jgjrruasfii) - (gjiruatb 22.90
(gj/rui'^gj/aGlayjGliD -
(îTuS'ppiaSip&siin 15.57
_uurr - i_LJU(r 12.49
i_q6rr - i_q6fr 3.19
*-^(eir) - i-sgeir 1.6
i_/r
i_/Ti_(f - i_(r6Bi_/r 8.39
i_/rai_/r- i_(r<s6i_(f 12,48
LTasn? - i_fr(asn5'/i_/r#
t_/rasriS'(r(r(6Jr) iirAei&maiTijeii/
t_rr<#/T!r65r 19.79
Lfl-esPa - /_n-69f 18.77
4-
Kj-aGlail - isf-AQsC 4.25
Uf-UefrQicir - uûerrGintT 13.51
uj-usar - iq.usiT 6.32
Uf-UITITlLQLDfSiirQ -
Ui-uiTiTiLQinemQ 8.39
ti).!rfBj(S - L).(rmj@/iq.!f(B;<s 21.87
ii)-!r6Ti) - isf.^reio 15.60
15.60
ir).6inir6ijff - tq.6S)!rsu/f 4.25
II}.G6U(T61%65r - lr).G6Uff6^6ffT 16.65
ifi.
- ta. 24.94
iss. 6fDi_fr6b - us. erOL-ireb 21.87
65)i_!ri_/r - 65)(_!rai_ff 10.43
65)i_!rffii_/T - 65)L_7i_(r 16.62
-saaTerP - ÂsnsiP 25.97
- 22.90
^ns/ffi^â - ^( E / a ^â 11.47
jSmjafLb) - ^nsjaii) 11.47
- ^mj(g 8 37
jSfBjQffi - ^mj6!Da 1.10
Î_ ( D16U - î_6in&u 17.70
êsBTSsaf(5 - êmessfii 6.32
jS/Bji - jSjBj* 7.34
^^îj(ih) - ^^^rrib 20.82
jS/BjitriDfTsar - ^^îjinrresr 20.82
ûtreb - ÛTsb 21.86
^l i L? - îhi3 1.10
jSu?{p - jso?^ 1.1
jSii5'{pjBfr - îB\fi^n(Q 16.65
^t'(p(5 - û?(pit 1.3
cSUJ6i/Q*uJ^ - ûjsi/QffuJgj 15.57
auj/TfTuaiaTgaai/ - ^lunnuemîil
ûjfTffQauJ 12.50
ûj(T/P - ûjfffP 16.62
ôfff - îi5'/r 22.88
û3!T9n^{ih) - îLP/fff/T^ti 22.88
jSp-fiL) - ^(Tti) 17.70
.sQsoiuQesirr - ^SsoiuBsm 25.100
jSQeoujGlsBTT a_(o)/D - fi&oujSsissT
_6in(D 25.100
.sQeosusi? - ^Bsoeveff 18.76
êu^LD - ^6U(2?LD6b 25.96
jaeiytr - ^nJ/jr 13.51
jSerrsTfuGu/T - ^sfrsTPuCuiT 25.98
êfrigfj - <s6fri6r5 9.41
cSeaPuj/T - ^saPajira 12.48
^ T - ^rr 4.25
^/râbjSfriT - ^ T . ^ ' S U ^ / T I T 3.20
^fr^^ff - îT^^tr 18.74
^fril^(Lb) - tSfTLD^LD 11.46
<srruJfBT - ^niu^!f(^ 2.15
^muGlinnry? - ^/riuQtn/ij^ 1.3
jSiT[r(rffmi/T - ^frjr/isrrLDn-a 9.41
^nsuasisP - ^TsusBsP 2.16
^/rfsar) - ^/rgjr 1.5
^(T6irPiu(Lo) - ^ffssfujti) 18.75
<5/Ejaa(o)ajp(o)LO - ^maiLSffieiDW
15.57
j ^t l - ^ L L 18.74
^QiuiLiî - ^Guj tl i _ / r 14.53
<^(5i_fB/a - ^(iT)U.ifasfr 22.88
<S(V5UL?aGlff - ÛLâiSlan-
25.97
^(rf)Ui3^^(rt)UL3 -
^(rT)Ui3^^ûi3 17.70
^(!T)ihue^{ih) - ^(TTfihueijih 25.99
Word Index / 835
jS(5ii)q - â^thn 7.35
^6isT6FiP - êsraîP 5.27
u^îPsma 25.96
^65r@)i - ^6ffrgi//^6Br 19.80
G ^ - C ^ 17.72
G^j5 - G j S^ 7.35
G^/fjSsb - G^TjSsb 20.83
G<2(rsi^ - GjS/7si/ 13.51
i^(finn-af - îiDirssP 20.82
g i
gji5Bfr65Tsi;('65r) - ^(îmnesreuesT
1.11
gjsiiir - gjeoir 25.100
g/ssuf - gisBfffi 19.80
gjOTsPgjGleu - ^ssBfgjsmsu 19.80
g J ^ - g / ^ 17.73
gJlijLDSb - gJLDLDSb 12.48
^LDgp - gJLC(ip 12.48
23.91
gj60( 5 - gj60( g 13.52
gjQsu - gj65)6u 25.100
g/ r @ - gf f @ 21.87
g/riEi - gffn5j(g 12.48
Q^/ P - QîP 15.58
Gl^/Puj/rgj - Q^fPujfrgj 3.20
Gl^/Piq(Lb) - Gl^/Pu^LD 3.20
QîPsi? - QîPsi? 7.34
<o)^@2JfBj@ - (ol^g2/fBj@ 1.2
(ol^g2j/E)@(T(r(5 -
Q^îiiiÂaiTîf 1.3
Gl cspGa - Q ^ p G 2.15
Gl^/Dtoltniqsfrerr - ^peninuêhsfr
1.11
Gl^fTJEj - (D)^fr/Ej(g 21.86
19.78
QîrAiQeo - Q^rrebfe 20.84
19.79
Q^nr6fr6ir/Tii5'!r(tri) - Gl^ffsfrOTTUJ'/Tti
8.38
G^r
G^niLi-(ih) - G ^ I T L L L - L D 12.49
J6
/Bl- /BI9.41
fBi- jbL- 11.45
( B l - J B I 1 3. 51
/BH)- - /BiTf. 16.62
/BiJ)-/t - [bisfsri 16.62
/Bii)-(ol - /Bti)-S!n 16.62
/B - /B 17.73
jbQifiT^îf - ibQijrr^îf' 19.78
jBijbu/r - /BLDUff 1.9
/Biitc - /BLD 1.5
^( P - /BfP 20.82
;BU60 - jbsbeo 1.4
jBsbeo - ibebeo 1.12
;B6U60 uiTihLj - fBsbso u/ ri i q 25.99
/Bsbso/r - fBSOTrfTj-a 3.20
jBsirpy - fBSJTft? 9.40
fir
IbiTiiia - jbntiiaeir 1.5
jB/ridsfLDJ - ibiTisih 15. 57
IbirQ - ibiiQ 2. 15
/BTUL/gJ - (BTfDUgJ 16. 61
jBiriD - rtTih 1.3
;BTg2J - /BTSSTig 1.6
IbireuA) - ;BT6i/6b 1.2
;BT6Yr6IITGlsS5T(5(a5 - fBfr6Tr65T6B)/D@
7. 35
^frGlerrao - rurSsna^ 5. 27
lbfrpane& - ^npaneS 1.6
(BTfesr) - /BfrssT" 1.1
ÂaîumiT - ÂffiuLDiTs 10. 42
/g'u5'6i^(ti)) - !iBe)îh/0iBi-ih 10. 42
fffujii? - (guju? 23. 93
;g6bg2J - /&6fci 17. 68
/ffsbga - ;gi6t) 17. 68
;f6Ufr - /gso/r 17. 73
iS
^ - jS 1.10
^m/<sB - jSiiiaeh 1.1
/ffnsia - jSmjaeh 1.6
if/Bg; - /f/Bg/ 21. 85
^60(ih) - ^soti) 2. 16
Sir
ff<Ss5 - gffjD/iPuJ/rp 4. 25
6. 33
gf f ^ûj i i ugj - ^( Df rJ^Lbugi 6. 33
Gl/B(5uq - Q;B(5LJq 19. 80
G ) ; B ( 5U4 2PLL(5 - G1/B(5LJi-/ (tptl
19. 80
Cl/Bsb - Gl/Bsb 18. 75
(ol/B60(ti) - ^6t)U) 2. 14
Qlbp(ih) -/ ffpi i ) 2. 16
<o);B(o)rt3UJ - ^mroiu 2. 16
<D1/B(O)/DUJ - ânpuj 5. 28
GI/BSISOT - /e&sr 16. 65
(O1;B(O165T61^ - fSBmeij 22. 90
GjB
GiBiSgj - GjB/Dp 5. 29
G/B/rjSiS<a'(651") - G;Bfr^^<st_Br
21. 85
GjB/fQiD - G^/rS5)ti 16. 67
G!bij(ih) - Gfiijih 11. 46
G/BETir - Grb^rrs 14. 53
G;B!rn"6ST6u^ - G;B!riT6!ir6ui^ 16. 67
63>jB
Gn/BSOffisrU - SMêOiSSTO 6. 33
6!n;B60T6sr - sm^BSUfrsBT 6. 33
GjBT
G;BTl(5LJq6YOû) 1.6
ill
ijjrfrffio - ufri r* 2. 16
iJsmraGu/Tff - LJerr/raGurr/r 1.6
U6rriTeiOUf.a - Lj67rfrsroii).ffi 1.12
u
uaas^gi Gso - ua a ^^G e u 9. 40
(jasafii)) - uAaih 9. 40
uaseb - usA) 2. 18
U O J S - 16. 63
uAQ<3= - uff63)<f 6. 33
ufi - u# 7, 36
uftOtn - uaêtnui 24. 95
Word Index / 837
U(^<9=ITl3 - Utg^/TL? 1.3
U(5LJi_; - U(5LJi_/ 23.92
uijjaFn-L? - u(^ff/rLS' 1.3
U(5siiiiQ(p - Li(5SiJU)S!D(p 18.75
utLi(Lb) - uiLiih 13.51
uiLQ - u i l 6.33
U6b^(S{p66l) 13.51
uiCii)) - LJi_iri 6.31
uebQunis^ - uaiQum^/upQuiTL^
ui_fiij - uiih 16.62
12.49
L/ l ^ - ULf. 6.31
U6b - ueb 13.52
Uirj. - uq. 8.37
U60 - ueo 17.72
un). - uiif. 13.51
usoiD/reirr - usouKreBT 25.98
uQ - u 7.36
u60(eiiT) - ueoeir 17.71
u G l - u s i D 12.49
uip(ih) - Lj{pib 3.21
LJB5T@U - U S I A T ^ U 10.42
L/GlyjlU - LJ655{pUJ 1.4
USW^JJ - tJ6BBT@U 12.50
usYreiPaah-ifuij - usheiPman-iih
uesi!r(ih) - uemih 6.33
2.13
LjjSiSn-g/ - u(D(2?gj 21.87 u6iPfE;@6b@ji - LjeTf'nij(g<s<9Beb
UjBji - L/ron? 23.91
11.47
UjSjSiPQa - u^^/Psmas 25.96 urS^ - 12.49
L J ^ ^ - LJjS^ 1.4
ueJresPQ/jsBBT - ussresfjrewr 1.9
ussPajCeir) - uesPiu^ 25.100
16.61
f J ^g? - u ^ S ? 22.88
UjsSlja/TiDug; - u^Q^/ TsJrug/ 1. 12 L/ffiu - usfo 4.25
u^îss)(ih) - u^(if6iTirrjib 1.11 Ufffo efOL-freKST - usio eiViiremQ
Ujêt) - Lj.i'd) 11.45
5.28
Ujfeb - Uj^dJ 15.59
Liero sTOLTu - usfo 6T0i_fru 9.40
Uj^sb Qft/Tsbgj/ - Uj^sb (ol^frab
11.45
uêon - uêorra 12.50
uêb 6T(y)g/ - uêb 6T(tp^ 15.59
u/Tiltj). - uirilii). 18.74
u<6iy<sû(rti - uêii^ûneb
uf ri l - L/frtl 16.65
21.86 u(rt_.S - uiTi_(d9 16.65
uêtsTiâi- - u^BssTfi^ 1.12
uiTiULjek>â(ih) -
Ujg(65)g2; - UjsS/BfreJr 1.12
LJ/ri_UL/6f0^6BU3 1.2
u<5(g)p - u^<S)pi 1.12
U(TI_(ll) - UffI_Lb 6.31
Li^CsijrL'- - u^folftTfrtl 1.12
U ( r - UT 16.65
u^QssTfi^ - u^QasT(ii 1.12
UT - UT 23.91
UjSQ(g5)siraT@i/ - u^GltgjsJrgy 1.9
unru - un-u 17.71
UIULJU - UUJLJU 19.81
uireBBTaj-Ujfssr) - u/rssifriij.ujewr 11.47
LJ(L?(f - uiififf 18.75
un^îj{ih) - un^îfih 19.80
uiiii/tfflffuj - uuJiffQftuJ 18.75
u/PGfffrj^ - u(PGff/r< 18.76
gj60<i(g 19.80
ujPtD/Tgjj - ufPtDirgu 7.36
u/Tt2>q - uiTibt-i 25.99
ufPtl Gl * - ufPilsB)* 14.53
uiriuAm - Lj(ruJ*<5s- 18.75
uiTUJf(ih) uiTtuaîh 12. 50
uiTiT CSo'irun - unA Cf f / ruq 1.12
uii^(ih) uirifUi 16. 64
uiTi;iTL-Q - urrcriTL. 16. 65
UT - uiTif 4. 25
uff(5 - uffir 5. 29
u/ r - uffff 6. 33
U T - 10. 43
unr(5 - uirH 12. 49
u/rdJairjrfsOT) - uTebas/rjresr 7. 35
IJT6bu/riii'B5TL. Cuigj) -
unebuiTuS^smiL Gui g) 11. 44
u/raS' - uite& 23. 91
u/rgy - u/T6b 12. 49
uiT6ij(ib) - uneuih 20. 82
UTCMffGli - u(rsu/T6ii)i_ 2. 16
u/rcto - IJ/T6T0 16. 63
ufrefo Ljesarû - uirefu uem^)]
13. 51
u/r6rO(g5<y/rsfo - unetoiâneio 4. 25
LSIIT}. - Lfti). 16. 62
LJuj-aaBfTg; - L?uj.<5/rgj 3. 22
Lîq-aigfu)j - Lyiq-dBîi 3. 22
LJJTJSU) ID^BjifP - LS'tTjSUJtnjBi^/f' 1.7
i3^\unem(ih) - L?!7/Tuj65!n-ib.5.29
LSi/PiufrsiiffP - LJ/PIUITSJWP 12. 50
LSISI) - Lêb 6. 33
LferrTL-U/rtrfubj - LiirrfrLLLJnr(TLb
16. 61
i3QeniL - L ^ G O T L L 6. 32
LSifiBrissjGeo - LS I S S T ^G S O 9. 40
i3asT^Qec - LS'sirts^Geo 9.41
LfL_60(BjfruJ - m_6D/Bj(ruJ 25. 97
L/jSgJ - L/ fbp 25. 99
L/ gi - qg l 1.4
L/!T6B!rr6B(oljZ - mjneimAam^ 16. 66
L/rP - L/fP 6. 31
L/fPujTg/ - q/Puj/rgj 3. 23
qfPiqfti) - qi Pi qi i 3. 23
qG!riT<3S.55rTix) - L^Qjjn&Sijnih 22. 89
LfQijiriSijnib Gui r -
qGi Ti ras^ffi i Guf r 22. 89
qffl)6u/f - (_/606U/T 23. 91
LjsiSl - 1-160. 19. 81
qsrP - qferP 22. 88
Li6iPan^(ih) - L/crPffTîi 22. 88
L/jDuLi - L/fDUU 5. 27
4er0jS(uiJ - qsfUjSaBii) 1.2
y . - y, 11.47
y,G(T6iT6>S'ujsb - y,GffsrTfiiS'ujsb
23. 91
y,*(ol*iji). - y,*(o)a=ij. 18. 74
y, Qff - {êmaf^sngQ 12. 49
16. 64
y,!r/T - y,!T/T 11. 47
y,!r/rsv(ii)) ytrirsijii) 12. 48
y,(P - y,fP6. 32
Qu
Quemi - u6Bin- 2. 14
QuuJ - QuuJ 18. 75
QufPiu - Glu/Puj 1 7
QufPtu - GluiPuj 1.8
<olU(ff,ffi@ - Qu(!f)A(g) 19. 80
Gl up - L51|D 17. 69
Qu( Do - t^jD 22. 88
Glu/DfBjS jbiTi^ - iS'p^îbrreh 15. 56
QusBT^sb - Qussrrf'nJ 1.6
G u
Gumj - GufBj@ 16. 64
G u * - G u * 8. 38
V/ord Index / 839
Qum - G uf t 19. 78
GuswT - Gucnirr 25. 100
Guuun - G uuu/ f 3. 19
(SuuLjamnif{&sT) - GuLjufri/T(rir
13. 52
Gu!rn-#/Puj(!5 - Gufrn-rfiiPujiT 1.3
GLJ( 5 - Gluujff 1 1
G u ( 5 - dun 3. 19
Gu(6B) - Gui g) 1.8
enLi
emu - emu 9.41
eiu*/r - emuffir 1.12
emuujfesrj - emuujeffr 1.10
sjDUUjCear) - SJ DUUJ SW 14. 54
Qu T
QuniQeu - L/i_fi3)6u 2. 16
QuffSBBT^)/ - Oueirar 1.10
CluffeBST^j; - Quemr 14. 54
(olu(rg/<sah.il(_(u)) -
Glu/rgj<B-L-i_Lb 20. 83
GluTg/njir - (o)ufrg;6UfT(3B 25. 99
GluiTfP - QufTtP 12. 50
Qu/rfPiueb - Qun^meo 7. 36
G U T
G U T - G U T 4. 24
GuT<s@ - G u T @ 25. 100
G u T t l i ^ - GuTtl i jj. 19. 78
G U T - G U T 12. 50
G U T - G U T 16. 64
GufreiwTL-T - GUTSBBTIT 22. 89
GuTSrof USBlfTÛ - GuTSBsPutaJT^Jj
25. 97
G u T ^ T g / - GuTi STgJ 3.21
Gurr^(ih) - G uTgj m 3. 21
GuTTtl i _ f f - G UT T LLI _ T 21. 87
G UTT - G UTT 21. 86
G UTI TG I SU - GuTireweu 25. 100
CSuneSeivaiiT^mis. -
GuT6\?6roT{rT<SB6ir 25. 98
GuTSBT - GuT6Br 8. 37
GUTCTULL U5T6fOI_T -
GuTefOL. liDT6YUL_T 21. 86
GuTefOlTLffefO - GUT6T0j_TI-f6t0
8. 37
Quei r
Qucrr/fesBrt^ - Gluen-TeBBTii' 11. 47
to
loaaBsfr - loAaeir 2. 15
tD - ujffiefr 1.7
tl(BT) - UJaSSBT 1.7
t D T ^ - tDT6t) 11. 47
tD^jp*# - LDJ { P## 24. 95
tDtf T6bGjST(ol*-tDffT6bG^T6B)<9= 6. 32
iBtgjaefr - U3(^5*6rr 2. 16
tDilfii)) - iDilLb 15. 58
insBBrQeBBTSBJfrQsjBr -
wemQewremrQessT 25. 99
USSBBP - tDSBBf 1.4
tDSBBf U J T T _ T - 1I6BBPUJTT1_T 21. 86
in^îuir6isT(ih) - in^îuiresrih 5. 29
ixi(r(ti)) - iDjrii) 11. 47
iDir(ii)) - u)!rir) 20. 82
tD!rT^< - mijn^^ 3. 23
tD((5(6g; - LD(5^gj 12. 48
u)(5LDa(Br) - u5(5tX)6S6Br 3. 20
meoe&Qa - ineuetSicBoa 17. 73
LoQeotuTeirfLb) - i nûj Te mi 1,2
ir)Gly> - LDeB){p 18. 75
ll(D - tDJD 11. 46
tDgij;BT<6T5 - (xip;BT6Tr 14. 54
LDeBresP - tDSBreBf 15. 56
LDSBTft- - LDSST^ 24. 95
iDgl/ - iDgjy 10. 42
uj gUuG uT - LDguuGuT 10. 42
19. 81
tDQesreiS - mZsare^ 1.7
tcir
i>rr6'(ih)- tnirîh/LDira'il) 7.35
i)ir6m6ii(6ifr) - LDitessreueifr 1.1
LDireasrei? - tc/resireiS' 1-5
i>iT^^!r(iL) - ina^^îh 3.23
iDT<SjSG1{r - infTjBjSsmjr 18.76
ifi/TjSuuîS'PGIas-uiT.suUjS^fPeinas
25.96
icfrsSfP - tniTif (P 11.47
ii(r^60(ii)j - LDirêoih/icnssPeoih
2.15
inTiDfr - miTLDn 1.7
U)frT@ - iifrfr@ 16.63
i BfrffaQai l - iDfriraQail 5-27
iD/rQfflJitS'Gso - iD/raoiii'Geo 7.34
iBTffljLli_(u) j - mfrcuL-iii) 19.78
T i l # fffrOeu 19.81
u9( 5( i i j - uS(rf)ath 20.82
L(5'a5'ili_/P - J5'6\9LLL_(P 3.22
tfsfo - liigfo 1.5
iBeiviiT - uSeiULT 1.1
t^srosn; - i^srusru 7.34
ti?LL(_T - u?i l i _/T 19.79
LStLtiîii - iiLti).iii 14.54
iûu6m(u:>) - iBûuessrih 4.25
Lffeiraii? - uJssrajr? 3.22
(TpaasTfib - (tpaa/rsb 3.21
(ip<fiuj(u)) - (ip,*ujtjb 18.77
{tpaJajiD/Tssr - (tpASiutniresr 15.55
25.97
(ipuf. - (ipuf. 14.53
gpiq. - (yiLj. 18.77
(ipii}- - (ipii). 22.88
(ipir|.ujfr^ - (tpuf-ujiT^ 15.56
(tpiij-U^Cib) - (tpii).iqLb 11.46
Qfi^îTjbiTi^ - (ip^îtrbiTsh 23.93
( tpuugj - (tpuu^ 3.19
(tfiiupSQaiu - QpiupSQauj 17.70
(ipebGlsD - (ipsb&u 18.74
(ipsfrerrnsj J - (tfiehenmiS 25.97
(tpssriSBjGeo - (tp6irig)G60 9.40
(ifi6Br!g)GfiU - (tpsJrisgGso 9.41
( tps0 - (jpffi@ 11.45
CP - (tp 12.49
(y3(gTO)6U^ - |tp3T(2f6Ug; 1.7
(tpgwii - ftpcirgj/ 1.6
(o1u3g/6ij/r - GltDgjsuff* 4.26
Glu)6T7fTUJ - iBenaiTtu 25.97
Qicerr - uSisrr 23.92
Glinsfo - Qweio 8.37
GtcG)* - Quie!S)a'/GLoengQ 1.6
GLOIUIT - Gintuir 20.83
GtcGeo - GujGeo 9.41
CI DG S O - G LDG S O 9.41
Gi./)G - GU3JDG-2. 15
GuiG6B7^(5 - GtDGeBTggif 2.13
6!nu)^ffu(r@ - 65)U3^(rufr@ 3.22
6IDLCjS(T6ST(li)) - 6i0lD<STS5TU) 20.83
Quur
Ot D/ T LJ - Quwri l 12.50
Quiir^fi(tb) - QuwrjSiBti 2.15
OlsffjSfflJ - ( t p ^ 1.7
14.53
Qu3iT}6b6ij(5 - (ipjssbsiJT 15.55
QuMTjseoireugi - (ip<s60ireugj 1.7
Gl ui ng - QiD/T{^ 8.38
61ijDn-y?(Dluuj(r - Qina^^Quiuir 24.94
Gliowyjui'ujfib - Glinffjjfi'aS'iueb 8.38
GiDirgj - Gu5/rgi 25.98
ILfiT
lUff - tLfITT 1.1
l ur - ujirir 1.8
ujn-CjrffOi- ujT(f56!ni_uj 1.4
ujirQfisr - UJITSSST 19.81
GtUT
Qojns^Qm - Qiuna^&sr 20.84
IT
(rftgebson- - {j^<F(g6t)u/r 3.22
ê=(ih) - (rffii 7.36
[ T - ifS 19.81
jrjSjsftb) - u^îb 18.76
!ruJ'6bL/QuilKf.-!rui'fii)iJ(o)uLLiij.l9.79
(Tui'soii}. - jrufeoii). 19.78
pruJPsbGcu 6ri;Ci_6i^6aT - iruSebGev
sruCi_6%6si- 5.30
!r6)j/rCff(P - !ru/rCffi*(P 12.50
!rffjSjfP - sr/TjSsS/P 2.1S
Word index I 847
fîTiniTUJmT(tb) - ^^nwiTUjemtJb
23.91
{rirsussifrsBT - ^[rn-ajfiwreffr 23i91
u/ ruj - djLmuJ 1.12
a^th GwiLeio - tb Gicilsfo 1.9
(J5(ip - m 3.19
CliTK). - Q711). 7.36
QêmQ - î;emQ 1.6
G)!rg^6fui_(r - Q7gJsfU(_/r 9.41
GjTfs/ o - GjTfBi o 14.53
Gi Ti q-Gi uT - GifUf-Giua 16.65
Qf / Ti i u - G)jr/Tii)u 1.4
GiTiTgjn- ^ Gjr/TggT 18.74
6U@njT - ^60@6ijna 15.55
23.91
eoirmiGeugqen) - eoiriiiGeuggeio 9.40
0/Tu(ii) - ^su/ruii) 18.75
ee
fflffev - fflffsv 14.54
842 I An Intensive Course in Tamil .
S21
gj/m*^ - ^riiS 25.100
Geo
GeoaiT - ^QeosîTS 12.48
Geos'iT - ^Geosîra 17.71
Geoi l - Geoi l 11.46
GeotlL-srCLL - GeoiLieioiL 6.33
GeouîLt-ifi - G6UU! nli_/P 9.41
GeonAaeo - Gso/rdBseb 4.26
eyjASeb - e\js,eo 1.7
6u@iJL/ - suî j q 9.41
6i;mjf76Tr 6i9/P@i_jr - eumanen
6i9i?î-rT 2.15
6ij<?6BT(LD) - eiiaesTLb 16.62
6 UI _ G - 6Ul _G6S 2.15
ui _ ( Lb ) - sui_ti) 12.50
SUQL- - sumi 6.32
euegirrii). - susuifTiq. 4.25
eiJfiiraT (LC) - 6U61IST<S<S6LD 1.1
eiwjsb - eijujeb 18.75
euujsbGeuQeo - euiueoGevifc 19.80
euui'gj/ - euiifgy 7.36
6U(5^^L/LJ(5i - 6U(5<S^tJU 17.71
6U(5Si^(ii)) - 6U(56iiû)/U(5L_Lb 2.18
euGlfj- - eus!D[r 6.31
euQir - euesiij 15.58
6U6Ugjua( ii)) - eiieogjuaaii) 9.40
6Liei9 - eiiciSi 7.36
suy? - ffljy? 15.57
euy? - 6U{^ 19.79
6uy5'iJGufr(5a(6ir) -
euy?LJGuff<B<S63T 25.98
eujûjgyuq - euyJujgyiJL/ 5.30
euerr - euerr/r 12.50
eup - eijp 7.36
eupeueb - eupeuefa 22.89
C U T
6U(r - 61/rr 4.24
euiraid^mi - eu/TiS^/Ej 13.52
6iwfEj(g - 6UJr/EJ@ 6.33
i/(rmi@ - eiiir/B>(g 16.63
euirS - euiT^ 8.38
eu/rtQa - si/TiemaB 7.35
eu/ruj - eurrtu 11.45
eufruj eufTUJ 20.82
6UfrT(_(6sr) - ii(r/ri_65r 1.5
6i;/T!riJLj^^/P(ol<35.- eu/TjriJu^^/Peina
25.96
eiiiTtrCLb) - eufrtrLD 8.37
euirQyDUuyîh) - eu/remtpuujpLb
3.21
eu/TSiP - euiTsrfi 1.12
61?
6i9iljS^6fr(6T5 - eiJL-^^^STrisij
25.99
siy^^pQ/D - 6)9(^(tfi6mn) 24.94
Siffli_ - ciJsmL 11.45
e)S'^ûjrTa(ih)- sB^ûjnaih 23.91
eiSu^^ - si Ju^gj 25.98
- siSifP 12.50
eiSifPeu/r - 6)9/fi6i/fTaB 23.91
5';BiST6if' " nS'(5^^n-6TP 12.50
oJ î i q - 6i5'(5ti)L/ 16.63
eiJet) - eiSieb 6.33
6iSi60/ra=(ti) - GiJeorr^tii 20;84
eiSifip - ei(ifi 20.82
6i?&5r(oliu**u> - 6i9&!n-Quj*a=ii
17.72
effeiîu(ih) - siysiûjir) 15.55
Word Index / 843
11.47
nJG.fs^.fii)) - 5'G<f6^<ti)/siS'G<F(_ii)
23.92
oJCeffsi^fli)) - 6iS'(Ja=6i%Lb/fflS'Gaî_ii)
23.93
e)S'Gasi^(ih) - ffiS'Gfteiîi/siS'CcftL.ii)
24.94
a f
fflS'LLCS'aaT/rfsir) - siJilâafrireJr
7.35
siytliSiuu/nfii)) - eifilcpiJu/Ti-ii)
6.31
eSiLQGeuQeo - aS' i l ^Gaj au 19.8Q
Q? - n7 1.10
GlcuGasi^sJT - (ol6uCpsi^65r 16.61
Qsu!iia!TUj(ih) - (olsufKja/rujii) 18.75
(ol6i;6oiT(o)(_<sBfruJ -
(ol6uswTS5)t_/ruJ 25.97
(olsusiwrGlfiBin- - QeuimrQemin 7.35
Gleu^/f - Qeu^fr 2.18
(ol6u;b^(5 - (o)6ii;B;)?/r 19.80
QeufijScr^ GUITQ - Qsu^jSir Gu/r
19.80
Qeuu36b - Gleuuiisb 2.18
GlffL/iTgj;.- 6i9(r6b 11.45
QeuQeo - 6)98so 1.1
GleusfrQsrr - Qeuehdsn 2.16
QnjSTraaiD/r - ffi?6ir<SiSBii/r<sB 17.72
QeusirA^ - siJerraig 17.72
QeuCTT/rsiy - n?fir/T6i7 19.80
(ol6U6Tf';B'ril<s<a/r!r/Bj -
QeueiPrbiriLQAarrîraeh 13.51
GlsuerPuj/ng - (olsusTfuj/ro 25.96
QeuerPGiLi - GleusiPGiu 9.41
QexjGlsrruj/r - nJEi-rruj/r 15.60
Qeiipj(ih) - Qsijgj/ii) 11.47
Q6vjgJ'i_L?6Tr - Qsug^L-LPOT 12.50
Gcuasfii)) - Geuaib 4.25
Gsuiq-isGIa - G6i/ii)-(SBS!n6B 19.81
G6U6S!m_/r(ii)) - Gsi/6!raT(_/rii) 3.19
Gevam - Gsuni r 25.97
Geu^(Lb) - GeuemQih 3.19
GeuuJ - GsuuJ 11.47
Geu/f - nSiiu/f 12.48
GsuGlso - Geu&o 5.28
GsyG)6U - GeuZbu 8.38
GeuQeoAsniP - Gsufeaa/ ri P 19.80
GnjQso (ol*uJ - Gffljfe QauJ
11.45
Gsi/Qeou/T - Geu&uu/r/f 13.51
GeuGlsrr - Gsu&rr 12.48
GeuGp - GsuG/D 3.19
Geusiîi). - Gjsi^tq./G6ULLii). 25.100
ensu
635611 - 63)61/ 9.4,1
emeu - emeu 12.50
^(ip<ad6/r6Tr(iii) - gg(ipa<9s/r6rrii)
25.100
gg/TB(^!r(o)jS - gg/rad^jreWjSS 7.35 .
gg/raGlasLl - gg/ raQatl 2.16
^ u u / r - ûuiT 25.100
gg-OQeo -gg-oao 7.35
GlgguS'sb - QûSeo 16.67
Cggffiif. - Gggiru). 1.6
Gggafftr - QgjtTffna 16.62
efoi-fftcq - etoiiriiq 21,86
cfei-rtoou - 6foi_(rooLJ 14.54
o<Sli_0(g) - 6n)Gli_G(65) 10.42
6n)Cp_fii%6ir - 6>oGi_6i^Br 5.30
fo6i?il - CTWaJil 3.22
etoir
etoiTii - STO/Tif 9.40
eiUiriP - eion^l^n^ 6.33
eiffC - eiSiL 4.26
plDir6fUl_6b - pfl3fT6fUl_6b 1.5
Gpaj(r6bi_/r6b - Cjitonrsbi-irsb 21.87
Cpa?ffili_d> - Ggias/rtli-eb 3.20
yrJiTTUifiir - yjjjrfficsir 23.91

An Intensive Course in Tamil - Dialogues, Drills, Exercises, Vocabulary, Grammar, and Word Index-Central Institute of Indian Languages (1979) - (CIIL Intensive Course Series, 2) S Rajaram

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An Intensive Course in Tamil - Dialogues, Drills, Exercises, Vocabulary, Grammar, and Word Index-Central Institute of Indian Languages (1979) - (CIIL Intensive Course Series, 2) S Rajaram

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AN INTENSIVE COURSE

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