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AMAML^ W.1. LOOLL
(|ondyOn Feriod), National Museum C I
-
Boisselier: Loc. Cit. Plate 78.
, O ombo 1978, Plate 39. Also see
64. Zwalf: Loc. Cit. Plate 217. p. 155.
65. Grunwedel: Loc. Cit. poge 102. i l lustration 54.
Zimmer': Loc. Cit. Plates 603 and 605. 66.
67. , 18 and 619. See in particular Malalosekero: Op. Cit. rnges 615 6
APROPOS NIGRODHAMIGAJATAKA AND A
VERSION OF IT IN THE
VICITRAKARNIKA VADAN AM AIA
Ratna HanUU|ukanUC
CCDU8 n WlCl UCCi luiC a8 ClaiaClCi8 aiC CCUUCD
D IuUUl8l DaiialVC lCialuiC. LDC 8uCl !cCDU I8 llC NIiCUI+u
BiaulaKa, llC lWCIll 8lCij D llC CCCClCD CI Uill 8lCiC8
CI llC uUUla, llC VCi8C8 CI WlCl aiC IDCuUCU ID llC JGICKC
CI llC Khudd.ka nikC)Q Cl llC IaI CaDCD. JlC 8lCi CUlCU
aDU uU8lCU lCi llC Ii8l lUC U V1C Jau8UC ID To77
Wa8 liaD8alCU !11C D8l U lDUCil ClaIUCi8 ID 1o
l liaD8alCD CI llC 8lCi UaUC U JuIu8 !ulCl D TL6 la8
u8C UCCD DClCU. lal ll8 8lCi Y< WC lDCWD I8 ul\C8lCU
Uy iCICiCDCC8 lC l C8CWlCiC. Il 8 UCDlCDCU a8 laVD UCcD
iCalCU D UClu D lI\C uUaI'ulu88uuUlulll

ullu Cl
llC Dharnmapa<ahakathC. llC CCUUCDlai CD llC lIaUuaUa
a88gDCU lC llC Illl CCDlui l.1. l I8 ll8 CCDU \lal
llC Milindapanha., a WCil a88IDCU lC llC '8l CCDlui :.!.
iCICi8 lC; WlCD l 8a8 llal llC CUlI8allu Wu8 u UCCilD
CaCU liCUla WlCD 1CVaUalla Wa8 u UCCilD_ U \lC DaUC
CI oaKla.` oUai; llC !CIICVSIC!, 8aIU lC CllCi VCi C!U
liaUlCD8 CCDCCiDD llC uUUla !CCU u8 W a8 8CUC llal
aiC CCDluiC8 alCi, iCICi8 lC ll8 8lCi WlCD Il 8a8 llal
MaUaVa, llC 1CCiICiC8l, iCCCIVCU l8 DaUC a8 l iCVUCU
a 8aDCluai lC llC UCCi WlCiC llCi 8CCuil wu8 u88uiCU H8iiaD
8aD; llC LlDC8C iU WlC V8lCU DUu \'. llC 8CVCDl
0Cului l.1., iCalC8 llC 8lCi lD lu D a 8ai CCDlCXl
laD8a8 JuICD aVC a JiCDCl liaD8alICD Cl H3ut18aD'8
DaiialVC; wlC oaUuC Ca la8 iCDUCiCU l IDlC Dsl.
'laUCi8 l
j

o)` aDU haaa8elCia |'o)` 8a llal llC

liCUlaUaalaKa IuiC8 D llC lailul 8luu, !0ICiiD
lC IalC8 77V lI) uDU 7iII |2) CI CuDDDlaU'8 uUCalCD
CD llC olua Cl l\ailul.' l8 IDCiUalCD 8 IDaCCuialC WIll
!'C_aiU lC IalC 77V '). Wlal D laCl CuDDDlaU |1o`!)
8aU Wll iCICiCDCC lC ll8 alC, WlICl 8 u iCiCUL.ClCi
O! |taka re(iC8CDlCU D 8Cu:luiCU lCiB aBCD8l llC Llailul
bas-reliefs bearing' L11 inscription: `!:g:,/n V' !!:! I
su:,c: o: t:.s jiit.-li,a \` |' 1:!1!:C \:!! !LrL O1 , :l
|' l1 I \cl. ' l oco5 that Rhys Davids |1880) identi
fied the sculpture as representing Nigrodhamigajataka,14 which
perhaps was the source for Chalmers, who in turn was followed
by Malalasekera. But already in 1895, the story dericted
in the sculpture was identified as the Ruruj5taka, No.482 ill
the Jitaka collection, by S.F. Oldenburg, who examined thc
Bharhut sculptures carefully in a Russian article which is also
available in English translation.15 Rhys Davids, however, reitera
ted his earlier view in a review of Oldenburg's work.16 Hultzsch
,112) also identified the story as Rurujataka in a list he
gave of Cunningham's rlates, Bharhut inscriptions and the
corresponding number and title in the Jataka edited by Fausboll.17
Ananda Coomaraswamy, who gives a bibiiography of pUblications
and reproductions of this sculpture in his book on the sculpture
of Bharhut, discusses this plate [ointing out quite convincingly
that Rhys Davids was wrong and that the sculpture in fact
represents the .Ruru (Miga-) Jataka.18
Cunningham's plate XLIII \/), depicting a small scene
.loelled as the lsi-migo Jataka, was identified by Cunningham
nimself as a re[resentation of an incident from the Nyagrodha
nlrgajataka.19 Coomaraswamy gives a bibliography of studies
[lertaining to this sculpture,20 which has the figure of a mall
with an axe on his left shoulder touching the face of a deer
with his right hand, which most likely records the moment
of recognition by the king's cook of the deer-king, who crrived
at the place of execution even though he had been granted
immunity according to the Pali version of tile legend succintly
,
7
mmarised D_ Malalnsekern as follows:
Once the Bodhisatta was born as king. of the deer nnd
was called NigTodha. With him was the leader of another
herd, nnd he was called Sakha. There was an agreement
between these two leaders that, on alternate days, a
deer from their herd should offcr itself to be killed by
the king of Benares. One day the turn fell on a pregnant
dcer of Snkha's herd, and when she asked to be allowed
to wait until she had brought forth her young, she was
refused by Sakha. Shc then appcaled to Nigrodhn, who
took HCI' tur on himself. Immunity had DCCI! granted
\O Nigrodha, and when his act was l'eDorted to the kinf,
he came in person to enquire into the matter'. On hearig
thc story, he was _I`C0i! movccl, Gnd !!!SCG .:muhi\y
llolil to NigTodilu Ulld tile doc. LU! :JiC:. wDS no|
satisfied l!lI iiC king promised ill1fI!:it y to :!1 living
|::_S. o1, C: C.S\!::_ L!o\ \! \. 'i\: V..:\
L._. . L..., V!1\ OolU\i_ U<'5 CiC5, l1_:CC\D _oV6
orders to his herd to refrain from doing so.21
A Sanskrit version of the Nigrodhamiga]ataka is found
in the Mahavastu-avaduna belonging" to the Lokottaravidin
sect of the Mahasamghikas, a compilation containing many
legends, which it is s' aid may have been begun in the second
century B.C. but was not completed until the third or fOUl'th
century A.D.22 The purrose of including th< story here appent's
to be the explanation of the name Irgadava, the Dcer-forest
situated in I;ipatana, which name was accounted for in tile
legend immediately preceding it.
The Sanskrit text of the legend [IJIlCU fOl' the first
time by fmile Senart in 188? was translated into English
by J.J. Jones in 1949.24 .franklin Edgerton Ledited the text
according to the prillcirles which he thought should be adopted
for Buddhist Sanskrit (BHS)25 and printed it in a I'eadel' !11
1953.26 The name of the forest given in Senart's text is A/roa
daya (compare Pali migadayc) suggesting an implicit ctymology:
mrga0am G0)D G!OOD mrgadiyo ti ripattaTlo.27 Edgerton
.
reads
mrgadava here, which is the term found e!se_ whel'e 11 tile
JI/ahivastLl, and emends tile text to rcad: mrgalm dayo dinno
mraadava ipaane,28which reading is consistent witil tile
phrase tha t begins thc tex t: L0Il| vanakha0ge, tahi' there
referring to $ipatana. It may be mentioned by way ot"
_
comp:

rison that according to the introductory story (the nidankati1a)

of the Pali jutaka, the story was related by the Buddha \J'1
refere:>ee to the mother of I(umira !(assapa. Sile had joined
the LICtI under Oevada.ta, not knowing that she was pregnant.
L discovering her condition, Devadatta expelled iler from
the Order. She appealed to the Buddha, who caused an enquiry
to be held, and having been satisficd with hel' innocence,
he restored her to all honour. 29
Some elements of the plot of the Mahavastu versioll of
the legend can interestingly be compared with those of the
Pali version and Hsuan-tsang's narrative available in the transla
tions of JUlien and Beal. The Mahavastu speaks of !tohaka,
a king of the deel', with herd of one thoLisand, who iwd
two sons, Nyagrodtla and \'>ulJ, to CoCll of W!lD!ll l1C guVc
five hundred deer. The mutual I'elationship of the decr-klllgs
Nigrodha and Sakha is not specified in the Puli jataka, 1\
JS there any mention of the l0ilCI of either deN. i!suun
tsang does ilOt give the names of the decl', but Indicates tilat
they were LC Buddha and Devadatta in a prevIous eXistence
I1Y t!Lt1:1t:/!1!!
/, :. lI. J!:. S:CS5C | l: l::):l O GcI .+1 |`OJlOJ,
| PJJ!OJ!lU, l` |' O' |\:i, l.. I.O uiO\iurs O1 lIc
.L/ cA,Q({ vcrs:On appca lO IU, suggcslng lIal lIc scnC
a Ccer Ca, cacI IcrC lakng ls lurn On alcrnalc Cas.
1Ic kng granls lIc appca. Hcrc lIcrc s nO UcnlOn OI
lIc lwO Cccr~kngs Ocng granlcC UUunl as n lIe Ia.
WIcn l was lIc lurn OI a COe pregnanl wlI lwO Oung Oncs
|lIcrc s UcnlOn OI On a sngc Oung Onc n lIc a anC
Hsuan~lsang's VcrsOn) IrOU \8kIa's IcrC lO gO lO lIe kng's
klcIcn, sIc wsIcs lIal anOlIcr lakcs Icr lurn, unl sIc
gVes OrlI. \8kIa lIcn asks a cOUUanCng OIIca (0lapaka)
OI lIc IcrC lO InC Oul wIclIci' lIcre was an VOunlcCr wlO
wOuC gO nslcaC. 1Icrc Ocng nOnc, lIc COc s askcC lO gO
IcrscI. In lIc a VcrsOn as asO n lIc CIncsc pgrU's
accOunl, lIc caCcr OI lIc IcrC,as s lO Oc expcclcC OI IcVa
Calla n a IOrUcr OrlI, sIOws nO sUpalI al a anC OrCcrs
lIc COc lO lakc Icr lurn rgIl awa, Cesp lc lIc COc's pea
UaCc carcr, sO lOucIng, wIcn accOrCng tO Hsuanlsang's
accOunl, sIc saC ''l s U lurn lO gO Oul lIal OI U cIC
Ias nOl cl cOUc'. ^ccOrCng lO a lIrcc accOunls, lIc CO?
gOcs lO lIc kng OI lIc OlIcr IcrC, wIO, accOrCng lO lIc
a anC Hsuanlsang's VcrsOn, lakcs Icr pacc al Oncc, wIc
lIc CVC3IO Ias IU rcpcal lIc OlIcr kng's eIIOrl lO pcr
suaCc anOlIcr Cccr lO gO, wlI nO succcss OI cOursc, \vIcn
Ic CccCcs lO gO IUscI. ^ccOrCng lO a uccOunls, an aUa2cC
kng OI UcnarCs, UprcsscC O lIc Cccr~kng's UagnanUl,
granls UUunl nOl On lO lIc Cccrkng, Oul lO a OlIcr
Cccr as wC. ln lIc a laka, lIc Cccr~kng nlcrccCcC
wlI lhc kng IOr lIC Vcs OI a crcalurcs. Hcng askcC
lO rclurn lO Icr IcrC, lIc COc n lIc mC\C3!O |cIuscs lO
CO sO, sang lIal l was Ocllcr lO Cc wlI NagrOCIa lIan
Vc wlI \skIa. 5ccng Ier Oung Onc pang aOOul wlI
lIc 5kIa Cccr, lIc COc n lIe a laka askcC Icr nOl lO
CO sO sang:
lccp On wlI lIc Hanan Cecr,anC sIun 1Ic HrancI Cccr's IcrC . . .. . . .. . .....
3
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Ccla.
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laus n 1983.31 1Ic crlca cClOn O! lIc lcxl gVcn Icrc
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!E OCCIJH_S HHO !1H O1 !EJJ 10!C!, B COHJHUH1OH O1
tile 1J!S OJ0O_UC DCWCEH the OCC1 BHO 1C KJH_ W!JC! BQQCB!5
O DE an JHC!QO0JOH HHO H COHCUOJH_ QBIB_!BQ!` V!'111C
JH B S_E SJR1HI O 1!B O1 !C JneIQOaJOn. 1J1O 5C1CCC
B1 1C OC_1H!_ O1 l!C story, W11C 1S RJSSJH_ in 1C Maho\'astu,
!C LUOO!H SH_S. H !C QHS, L ROHKS, JH times _`OHU O_
there !CJ_HCO JH !E _!CH CJ_ O1 Viritasi, a JH_, LI+I1TBO1B
Oj HHRC. C, B vil'tuous BHO QJOUS KJH_, !UCO |J_!1COUS!_
OVC! !JS KJH_OOR, whicil VB5 thriving, QIOSQE!OUS, HDOUHO1H_
JH 1OOO, 1U O1 RHH_ QEOQE, free 1IOH QUH!!CS, disagreeillents,
OJSQUES BHO OJSSEHSJOH, OCVOJO O1 1!1CVC5 HHO OJSCHSE5. .HO
|JC\ IH !JCC, SU_H!CBHE, CHlE HHO COWS."' +!C CX, W!JU!T
JS QH!H1C O \!H O1 !E MahavQstu 1!OR !CIC OHWB!OS, JH!OOU
CCS c KJH_ O! !C OEE!, W!OSC HBRE JS VJCJ!'H !51CO O1 HO!BlB
O1 !E ,\/ahivastu. VJcJrB S WO 5O\> DIC oUv| su|!B BHO V1S_KHB,
1!e HHRE Suvisakha !CQBC1_ _0_OOHB 1HC TB1 ci1BIBCCl
of the story, +!C COESQOHOCHCC O1 \!C :ltai1Cvastu BHO \l.\
VC!SJOHS ends at the QO1H wilere J J5 SB1 tilat the KJH_ C0\|SCO
a Q!OCHRHJOH O be RHlE !H HO OHC was 1O HBI! OtCI
JH !JS KJH_OOR HS !C had _B1CO immunity O !CR.
+!E COHCUOJH_ QH!B_!HQ! O1 E \l\\\ text41 JH!OOIlCCS
B !OU_!1U U!H!R0OHH, W!O, C1 !S HC O1 _!HHJH_ J1RU
HJ_ O !C OCC!, OCCORES COHSCJOUS O1 !JS O1_ O1O 0HO OCC!CQ1,
JKE1_ O OJC 0H_ ROREH, B5 OCC!CCO D_ 1BC. 1E COHSJOCI'S
!C W!OC king'dom as evil, subject O SE!SUHl CHO_RCH, 1U
O1 1EB! O1 !E dl'eadful aHO C!!J1_JH_ SC!QCH O1 OEB!, imperma
HCH HHO WO!!ESS. JS R1HO 1OUHO HO OCJ_J1 JH CHOJH_
B !OUSEOO J1E. POO!CSSJH_ 1S SOH CVHOHH BHO RJHJSC!,
1C EXQ!CSSEO !JS OCSJ!C O leave the KJH_OOR HHO _O O B
!C!RJH_C. U!!EI, !E I1OQCO !H !C WOUO DECORC H UUOO!B
OE1O!C OH_, !CCEJV1H_ !E HSSU!HHCE O !B C11EC 1!OR LHU
BRB \UUOO!BJ, !E SOH O1 CUOO!OO0HB. LC1O!C !JS OEQH!U!E,
!E HOROHJS!CO !JS SOH, HSKJH_ !JR O !UE !J_!EOUS_, CHUSJH_
HO !B!R O QCOQC, QB_JH_ !ECO O 1HRJ_ HW, _JVJH_ _J1S
WJ! OCVOJOH, HHO !E1!H1HJH_ 1!OR !C EH EVJS O1 OCS!O_lH_
L
nr~7 It.11|1OH1tt71U
!.:c, :hc|:, tJ:cry, y::. sluneler, lwrsh speccll, ielle chatter,
covetousness, |.!JCC u!U u1oL v1wo. The monks, and the
whole assembly including gods, men, asuras, garudas and gand
harvas, it is said, rejoiced in the sermon of the Buddha.
The vXA.\f manuscript is faulty and full of lacunae, which
in my edition, have filled within pointed brackets, with
the help of recurrent readings; the editions of the Mahavastu
version by Senart (S) and Edgerton (E); and the demands of
context. Despite its faults, VKAM had words missing in S
and E which in some instances at least improved the text.42
Instances where 'lKAM had or suggested better readings than
Sand E can also be listed.43 Elsewhere, VKAM had or suggested
:eadings differ
4
nt from th

se of Sand E,
_
but equally
_
tenabl

,
If not better. The readmg: mama ma/wnase sannipatena In
) 7 of m text can be pointed out as an instance where I could
construe a reading different from, and more meaningful than
the corresponding readings of S and E.
The following observations I made while comparing the
\7 with Sand E can be noted. There are instances where
' te VKAM manuscript supports the readings of S which Edgerton
dlsmlsse
.
as emendations introduced by Senart,45 thereby proving
the validity of Edgerton's own warning that the principles
to be

dopted for BHS set forth by him "are not to be applied

m
.
echamcally; the context, as well as variant MS. readings,
will . v,r from c

se to case, and each must be separately

studied . Regardmg vocabulary, VKAM was inconsistent in
the use of BHS or Sanskrit forms. It had both forms kuksau 47
and kukismi'l as the locative forms of kuksi. while Sand
E always read kukismi'.48 Likewise VKAM ilac the Middle
Indic forms dveA9 and duve50 for Sanskrit dou, with de being
more frequently used, while the reverse was the CfP with
S and E which also had both forms. VKAM had both forms
daivaika and devasika 51 where Sand E read daivasika, while
elsewhere it had tile Sanskrit form cvomrupa for the BHS
evarupa 03 S and E.52 E ga

e the Sanskrit form mrgovya at

least ?nce, while elsewhere, It retamed the BHS form mrgovya
follOWIng the manuscripts.5 4 VKAM had both forms while o

ularly
_
r
:
ad mrgovya. Similarly S always read cnapoka,
olopehi, arpesi, oTopiyonti, vijhdpcm and so on where' VKAM

nd E, except in some instances55 had the BHS forms ,qpDi

aQapesi etc. The variants of S have not been noted in these
instances to avoid the unnecessary leng-thening of the critical
apparatus. E /lad many instances of the masculine/neuter
ending -asya used in pronouns referring to fcminine nouns,
J11\`S H1.\\\\1+\!\^J^1\\!1 A1\1 A V1\S\O\1 `
w\.\C c JU LI.L CIILHUtU |toU\i_ -u_.- v;.. _\cl'c\\
agreed with E in these instances.
Words combined according to rules of sandhi appe

ring
in the VKAM where they are given as separate words In S
and E have been incorporated into my text. The use of the
'avagraha' mark to indicate an elided 'a' in the process of
uud0 | H several instances was a feature of the
.
VKAM manu

cript. Sand E do not have this sign. have Introduced thls

sign into my text noting its absence in VKAA(
"
here. relevant.
The possibili ty of the observance of sandhi beIng Introduced
by a redactor or copyist in the process ?
f
.
transmlSSl?
n of
a text has to be considered. In fact, there s Internal eVldence
of this in VKAAI where the form visorjehltl adopted In my
text is followed by a repetition containing the two words
visaiehi iti, with hiatus?7 It may incidentally be noted that
in instances where words were repeated, e.g. yo yo ..... so
$0;58 divose divose; ` and yC tho to yu thi to, - S regulur Iy had
the words printed together while E had a hlp.hen Inserted
in between the words. I have not notd these In footnotes,
nor have given the variants from VKAM which are
.
the result
of the spelling habits of Newar scribes such as the Interch

nge
of t and , so, a and sa; and ; Qa and na; or ObVlO

S
errors of copyists, such as the interchange of letters or repeti
tions. The variants given with no letter of the alphabhet
preceding them in the notes to the text nre from the VKAM.
) (1)
) '21
(18.1a) Bhutapurvall bhik!avo 'tite 'dhvani ' VaraQas
yaf1 mahanagaryarl Brahmadatto nama raja rajyal1l
karayati rddhar cn sphlI1l ca subhikarp Caklr
?
aba=
hujanamanuyall ca prasantakallka}

a (181 b) .
.
rba
camara < m> 2 taskararogapagatarp sallkugomahllsar
pannarp3
.
dharmiko dharmaraa
.
.harmel}

rajyarp
karayati.4 Tasyarp nagaryarp natldur
tas

llf!1 vana
khande Vicitro nama mrgaraja pratlvasatl sah

sra
mrgaYuthapati. Tasya ca dvau putrau 5 SuvlkhO
ca Visakho ca nama. Tena samayena mgaraJena
ekaikasyapi putrasya panca panca mgasatani dattani.
Tada1 Brahmadatto l.sir| abhjl
<
T)arl mrgavyaf2
nirdhavati torp vanokhaf)cam 3 porisamantena. 4 Tatra
co mrga5 nih<ya> yanti} Na
_
tatta<rp> mrga<'!l>
svayam upajivati yattaka ahataka vanagulmeu
ca vanagahane;u co sarahareu 0R na9akah!reu
|t

uj|,I.DInrc;: qa j:n\St1v nUruIJ:. ` IOIO
|.I:S!ii:J|. )CJ:+l+ cti\SaIO ' . . '
qI_Ou]
ti_T. bnrataaj> V|sakham aha. Visakha etam 9
I(aSI!a]af]l < VI > jnapea. <Na> tattakaf]110 tv'am
mrgaf> svayall llpajivasi yattaka aha taka gahane `
p:adese 12 pavisitvu _ maranti. < Te 13 tatra> 1 3kaka
<sa > kuntchi
_
khoyanti. Vayaf ijno1
L
j ckam mrgam
dalv

,
lkarTl dasyan1< D> yo lava svaynm mhinsal
pravlsl.yatI. _ ImafTl mgaytha naiva <'m> 15 ana<ya>
yasanam apadYI:ynntl. Tasya bhrati Visakho
aha. Evar)1 bhavatu. VijnEpema.
(3) S 1 ta<E 1 raja mgaS vy. m2 nirdhEvito. Tehi
y

thapatihi mrg-araJenl sa3 BJ'ah' madatto 4 raja drsto

|4)
duata evtgacchanto (182a) sarvabalavahan05 asictia
nlsktltomaraharehi ' saparivto. Te dinim 7 tam
raJa
,
n

p dr?r va yna
_
r[j tenibhi m llkhi 8 pra ty,dga ta9
a,I.t
,
,_
f
1
nlltt['nta ntmn.fl parityajitva. Tadi
10
\ aSl| tlP , vn 12 maraJanau 1 2durata evibhimlkha 1 3
agncclwnta LCHU sVllknsyn balEgrsya inatti d'n
-
1L
1
Na | 'd
-
.
Ina.
,
ea L1 ete mrgag'Bcclwnto 15 vihethayitavya
1(0 Janatl kim atra antar'a<m> yathaite16 tam b 1
_
'
gram 17 d t
- a a-
.
, f?,va_ na paJaY
,
nti mamabhimllkha18 iga-
c

hantl.
,
Bal
'
grel)a te';Brp mg0Bm antaro dinno.
Vamadak?l( abhllto so 1 9balagro.
Te mrga yena rajD tenopasamkramitvi rajno januhi
sarvehl pa(atita.
_
RLlji
'
tes8f mrgarajanam
cchat. I(a _ vo

IJnaptJ/
.
l. ViJnapetha ya<m> vo
ar_arn
.
Te d

n

man:y>a1 ._vacaya 2 taf rijanaf
vlJnapaya < n
?
tl. Maharaja viJnipayamal).
4
Vaya
tava
r
lh

raJ
y
e atra, vanakhalge jata samvrddhB T
anye PI
_
bahunl _mrgasatani. Vaynl)17 te[f1' mrganam
dve ,bhr_atarau yuthapatmDu iha mnharajasya vijite
pratlva_ sama < I.

._ Yathaiva mallarajasya nagarE

paqEnD ca grama ca Janapadi ca jnnena sObhanti
gOballvardehl
,
ca anyehi pralisahasrehi 8 dvipadaca
< tu > 'lpadehl evam et. .ii vEnakha9ini asramani
a nadlYo ' ca prasravaliyo> 00 etehi mrgapakseh{9
sbhEntl. (18

b) Evam mahnrajasya
10
, etasyn ndhitha
nas

a alafTlk

ral).ll
_
Srve te 12 maharaja dvipadacatlls
p

4
a attaka mahal'aJasya vijite 13 vasanti gramaga
ta vara
_
l)yagaU;15 va parve 16 vB ma|j +sy. sara
arn gata( sre_ te nwhrijn cintanTya 0iplany
-

>.
l

ahnl'aJa ca tea1]l [Iu < bha > vati Enyo17

rEJa
2
g
a. nm velal mallDri1ja mgavyu 19 nisksti
ta to bahunl m rgaSE tani anaya vYEsana m' apadyan I.
9 \l
'6)
Te ne \e11e noiro so> upoj\v&
gB11Bk SBre!\ !a1ak a1tBvaDBgataDe\\ ca
raqaahareusarahareu ca ksaIareu ca pravs:a
maranti kakasakunte<hi> khadyante. . Maharaja <ca>
adharmena lipyati. Yadi maharajasya prasado bhaveya
vayaf yQthapatino maharajasya devasikar 24ekaf>25
mrga <

> 25 visarjayi?yamal) < yo tava mahanasaf
svayar pravisi?yati. Ekato yuthato ekar: divasar
dvitlyato yuthato dvitrya divasarr ekar: mrgaf
visarjayiyamal. Maharajasya <ca> mrgamaf!sena
abhibhakal)a 26 bhaviyati 27. ( 183a) Ime 28 ca mrga
<evar> ana<ya>vyasana nopapadyiyanti.
Tadani rajna teaf mrgayuthapatlnam2 ajna3 datta.4
Yatha YU?lakam abhipray05 tatha bhavatu. Gaccha
tha. Abhita anu <t> trasta vasatha. Mama ca ekaf
mrgaf divase divase visarjetha. Raja te:aJl vijnap
ti da < t> tva amatyan < am > aha. Na kena cin`
mrga< vihethavitavya. Evam ajnam dattva nagarar:
pravi1o. 'Tehi yuthapatlhi te mga sarve samanlta
asvasita ca. 11a bhayatha. Evam asmabhil1 raja
vijnapi to ya Lha raja na bhuyo mrga vyaf! nirdhavi
yati na kva cit mrgaf> vihe\hayiyati.7 ( 183b) Rajno
ca divase <divase > eko 8 mro visarjayitavyal)9 ekarr
divasa ekato mrgayuthato -apara divasa aparato
yuthato. Tehi mrgehi sarvarn ca taf! < mrgaf >
llbhayehi ` yuthehi`` gal)etva yuthato < yuthato~osarar
krtaf. Eka to yutha to ekafT divasa [1 m go gaccha ti
rajno mahanasafl aparato 12 yuthato 12 aparar divasal)1
gacchati.
Kada cid 1 Visakhasya yuthato osarasmif gurviryiye
mrgiye varo 'sti 2 rajno mahanasafT gamanaya. Sa
< dani > mrgi3 arapakena mrgela vu

ti. Tavadyi'
osaro. Gaccha rajno mah&nase ti. Sa aha. ' +ha >
gurvif)l. Dve ime5 potaka6 kuk?ismi. Anya<!p >
tavad 7 8.Qapehi. Yaf velafl prasuta bhaviyami
tato 8 gami?yami. Te dani ekasyarthe trIvargar:
carisvamah.9 1usmalam eva < rn > cl ra ta!akena varo
bhavf: yati ' ime< hi> duvehi - potakehi `` ja tehi. _ Tena
a(apakena`- m rgenai ta [ ' karyar: yuthapa tls
J
arocl

tam. 14 Yttapati aha. Anya <f>_ mrK
:
ar:p
j
yo etasya ' mrgiye < antarel)a >. E?a mrgl prasuta_
pascad gami?yati. Tena arapakea mrgeQa tar:
mrgTm atikramitva yo tas\ _ 1c
mrgiye antarel)a so
aatto. Gaceha rajno mahanasarr tL. So 'pi aha.
N'a mamadya 190saro. Amukaye mrgiye adya osa.o.

I:\t ~/ lI. IIJ!1 U':1))

l\u[ IVO |lbl'J! | \!.' V:1 ||,:`t
1
.!! vl'CJ l. .i _.\ uHD5oI`d gacchanti. Sarve
J.antl. _ AmLkaye mrgiye (184a) osaro. Sa gaccha
tutl. Sa mrgi vucyati. Bhadre na ko- cid icchati
asareQa ganturp. Tava osaro. Tvam eva 22gacchahi
raJno mahanasar.
2 l7) S
dani mrgT y8[ vCIu[ na mucyati su te potaka
r < p
.
em

eila>
,
mama 1 ma.h

nase 1 sannip8tena ete

2 |8I
PI ga!aYI?yantlt3 tar dVltlyaf} mrgayutham gaUi.
G
_
acchlya. tasya yuthapatisya pral)ipatita. So nam4
yutapatl
? prchati. Kim5 etaf] blladre. Kim a<nf>
pesl.

Ir k_ayaf. _Sa aha. Adya tato yuthto

mama varo raJ no mahanasar gamanaya.6 Mama ca
de 7 po
.
tak
.

_8 kukismif' Tato 9 me sa Visak!'o

yuthap tl vIJnapto. Mamadya 10 osaro. rme ca dYe
11
pota5a> kuk

ismi<'1>. Anyarp pre-ehi. Yarp velarp

pasuta . bavIyarp tato 12 gami5yami. Tena ca
yuthapatlria _ ye _ anye alJapiyanti te 'pi 13 necchanti 14
gntu'1l. as

aka osaro. Amukaye mrgTye osaro.

Sa gC

tu tl. aaf15 tehi na mucyami.16 Osarato

vucya.I. 1 Gacchahl tava osaro ti. < Tad icchami >
mrgaraJena ato anyarp 18 mrgaf1 visarjamanarp. Yarp
velarp aharp prasita bhavi-yami 19tat020gamiyami.
So mrgar

ja \uq.` mrgTm aha. Tavad2 ra bhayahi.

Anyarp
_
vIsarJ
f
Y1$yarp. Te< na > mrgarajel)a anapako
mrgo _ alatt? I

o yDthE! to yasya < mrgasya >

.
osaro
taf)1 a

apehl. Etaye mrgiye maya abhayam dinnam.

Tena Blapakena yasya_ mrgasya osaro (184b) tam
al
.
:apytl.
4
Ga_ ccha rajno ma_ hanasaf. So 'pi aha:
Nas
s
makal} ythasya ada varo. Visakhasya yutha
sya <
:
dY! aro>. So a
'
a<pa>ko mrgo 81a. Visa
k, !lasya . u tha to 6 adya 'Varo. Ya> sya mrgrye < varo>
sa gurvIl)1. Dve 7 potaka uk.au.8 Tehi a mucyate
tava
9
osaro tvaf!1 ga

chahti. <Ta> ye ca mrgTye

tto a

uc

.ntl<ye > Iha yutham agatva Suvisak' ho 1

0
yuth
.
apatl vIJnapto. .SuvisakhayUthapatina11 tasya 12
mfglye . < abhayar > drnnar:. Yuthapatina anattam.
:asy IO yuthato osaro tarp visarjehTt- i.13
.
Tava
Ito yuthto osaro.14 Tvarp gacchEhi. So aha. 'DvitT yasya yuthasya 15 ady < a> osaro.16 Naham 16 anosare gaccheY
T
'
EvafJl yo yo aoa < p > yati
.
so so 'pi
necc.

a tl anosare _ gan tu . Tena 8apakena m rgena

SuvIsakhasya 18 yuthapatlsyarocitafll.19 Mrgaraja -
na ke 2. 1cld2 Ic<:ha<n>ti 22 anosare23gantu<m>. <Te>24
Jalpantl. Ntsmakam adya osaro. Dvitlyasya yuthapa-
) l9)
, (10)
) (11)
AI'IlOPOS t!HalOn\1I\r\IOIJiTfHI ft\\) A \fr\t'\Otl
':_1_< >2: !`'- \:' `.\\\.. ._
imasya mrglye 'OcjcQ'' dinnaf. Ic saknomi28
< earp >28 bhuyo tatra mahamlSa'1l visarjayitur Aha
svayaf gamiyami.
-'- `
So mrgaraja tato vanakhaf)<e 1 panthanam2 otaritva
Vlranasim gacchati. Y03 y03 puruo tarp mrgarajaf)1
pasyati
4
gacchantaT)1 so so etaflS anugacchai.6 Mrgo
darsaniyo rupel1a citropacitro raktehi < khurehl. (185a)
anjanehi aklhi 7 prabhasval'e < hi> darsan < iy > ehi.
Mahata janakaye< na > agrato krto gacchati yavad
abhyantaraf!1 nagaraf! p!'avio. Nagarehi d:o8
'bhijnato so mrgarija mahato janakayasya. Te tarr
pasyitvi mrgarijam utkaT)hita. Ta < n _ tattak

\V
mrgayuthall sarvar: kapitall. 9 Ayar: yutapatl
sv' ayam 11 agato.12 Gacchima. Rajana'1l 'ijnapem 13
yathai!o mrgaraja mucyeya 14 n hanyeya ala'1lkaro
imasyadhi!hanasya 15 cakuramaf)iyo jato nirdha:

nt

udyane ca _ ta<age ca.
?
e tafT. mgar paSY1

'
caksu<h>pritim anubhavantl. Tenalva matlattaraka
mahata' janakayena sardhar m!'garajasya _ anupr!hato
rajakularl pravi!a.17 Mrgaraja ca mahanasaf!l pra
visto.18
Imehi ca naigamehi raja arthakaral)asmifJ11 upavito
viiapto. Maharaja tattakarp mrguyutharp sarva<fll>
ksinam. Ahethaka su;ka<r>dralJi troani bhakayanti.
N' a ' ksya cid1 aparadhyanti. Te 'pi 3 sarve kapit4
Aya fJl so yuthapa t i svayam aga to. Dullajho 5 maha
raJa edrso mrgaraja prasadiko darsaniyo janasya
caksuramanlyo. Nagarato < ye >6 jana nirdhavanji
udyanam va tacagam va aramaf va
_
pukaril)irp
va ca te 'pi 7 ta'1l mrgaraja [ pasyi tva pri ti bha van ti
alarp karabhute 8 nagaropa <va> nasya. Y di maharaja
sya prasado bhaveya eo mrgaraja jivanto (185b)
m uc <y >eya. Rujns a matya al)a ttn. Gaccha tha. Tafll
mrgarajarp mahOnasa
_
to antha. ,So tehi amatyehi
gatva mahanass.to anito rajno sakasarp.
Rtja tafl mrgarajafT p!,cchati. KifT tva svayam
agato. Nasti bhuyo anyo 1 k02 cin3 mrgo yut4
tuvarp svayam agato ti. So 'PIS raja6 aha. Na hi
maharaja mrg07 nasti. Apare mrga. Kirp tu
adya rajnaD 8 mahanasarJl8 gantuf118 dvitiyasya mrgu
yuthasya osaro. Tatra < yasya > 9 mrg1 <ye > lOvir
apadyati sa gurvill Ouve potaka kUk$au.11 Sa mrgi
vucyati. Gaccha mahanasafl. < Tava > adya Vai'O.
70
\

|
!
13 f Ie :t.1 :I OUH OttzS trLu
S DVl t iya mrgnYll t hc ` Vi St:I_ 2
YLl t ll DpD t i r 1 3 ast i
,
1 4 < Sn ' ' l u U _nv ` ul I. ' ' ^uIu uUj Co'O | uno nu|5uuSuq guuI uI . \ ! I Iu u|u!] g` u|v! [i ! .

uvC nC CI uku kukSlS n| n. CC|un| uuyu n v| Su|juy! I |l | . Y: | vCu q1 u \u|1 |uSuI u U| 1v| yt| I uI C g`0n| yun| . JuIC yC uuyC m[gC u|
.
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I uI C > yuI l\ uI C CSu|C. | 0C > GvC" CIuku kukuu. u Cu LC| \ | > |\uCyun|.JuG | CC|un|> n[gu|ujCuu ! l C yI|uIC u(u I I u1 ' uu> yl |)' gul \ l |l |1 .:' C |0jC uI|uuuSu | g`uCC|0yu. 1CuuuIu|C|) uhu `' j|uSulu U|u| yu |] ' luIC g`u n yul > . JuSyu nuyC > njg` I yC uL|uyu |: G| uuu .`` huyu| >_C"n[gC |u~ > yuI | SC | \ u | CC|: l | . u > uSnukun CSu|C>. Iv!I|yu<Syu> yuI |uSya` CSu|C>.Lvu[` C yC gI>

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) ' ! 2 ) bC |d]u IuSyu n[guSyu vuCuu0 |J S|uIv v! Sh\ | L C Su|vC < Cu > juuukyC. t|C yvuG > G| \|' n| |C n|gu~ |uju. JuSyu \uS| |0j C | ! c a U|uvul | . Nuyu | I | | | CC|C y0[I >CC n[gC :u|uSyu kuru|C| \u SVuI nuuu \ ` u| | Iyu] uI | G|u|' nu| j 0uu I | <d>" Yuyu ||: 5 \ | || CClu
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.
|1IC Snl I uvu SukuSuIC

buk|G C u nu|dI nd Cu I vun >. Jvuyu'' n[guU|uI Cuu IuSyuInuU|I yyC' ' n[g`yC> uU|uyul G| uuu| . t|u n' u| ' luvgunyu' ` I vuGvu CuuuI Su|vun|g|] li ' Cu uU|uyu |J GCn| . GydgTCl`|u yC Cu I uI |u UGGCSC IC n Su|' v | n[gl dn uU|u yug\ GuGu n| . LuCCl1h| . \uSuIhu uU|| I d u uuI > I |BSI u. !uju uugu|C _|1 l ug' |Cu |)a k|0> | I. lu kCuu C | I > nu|\J |1 v| j ! I C i|ga \| h0 |uy| I uvyd. JuSyu ' |ujC Iul\ n[g|]d ' uU|uyuGuu0!` uG0t! '
' . ! J! JuGu |u|1 nuGu l IC uumu |aju nuuuSy Cvu C| uI uyuI ! .
u|u0 v|GG|C ' Sn| 2 ]|`|C Cu` SI |0Syuny" Cvun k| ai |u l
uvuy0[ O0ivuyCgC|u yuSyn| nu|u|up G||u~ V [1 //

AI' IICILS OIvI\Cl1IInm\1rJ1' r\r ^v\ \ r vV\\\C\

\\ 'n n\\O n ` l | 0 D \\ SHOQ0 `O__ _ '

_
cuivun nint I l1u .
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dl L vuS I un |uuC nu I` unu\C. kun I | v| C| u Iyugu|u nu 1y
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l

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I uu| Ck8 u > uu' ' ||CGuyCI k|| uG|u| n[\
SunuCu|u / _

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|u|u ll
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n > vu|G|uI u
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l | | ry. l . t l '` L||d|
c l I l| ~ ,
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prabodhya put rapatnY8di
muda //
buddhaketrarn yayau
Idam avocad bhagav'n
sa , ca sarva24
parSll t
<
s;deva
t t
_
!l maas t e ca bhi kavo
vas ea loko bhaga'va to bh
-
anu
asuragaru9agandhar
_
al t am abhyanandan<n> i t i .

lntcrpolaton rclerred to i` n 9 (4) note //
( 1 82b) Tatah sa mr 8 h
uvaca. Alam anea
<
'
:
8
,
hanurMCl r:n dfva raJanam
agaceha 1 t vam ' Ah
J n : Dhanurbanam tyaktva
-
. . am < pas uh > |
. .
2
drst va raJ' an bh
7" l
t o
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asuJ at am mam3
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SI . Atha
-
.
-
-
karualJ) 4 vacanar sru tvaha
. M
_
sa raja m
J
a< Iarp >
Yatha yus maka m6 bh '
-
a evar:n bruhl mrga. 5
Gaccha tha ' A t ha
a _ I prya < s > t a tha bha va t u
.
mrga uvaca.
.
ma kheda rp kuru he -
( 1 83a)
raJan sarsaresu asarake /
helaya caparadhah8 s at k
.
arpkatapraptakal e$u as a
a th l tar:
.
tvayi bupat ell
srut m api na bodh ane

<n> ap na pasyat e /
ahi dhane //
Y t asma < c > coktarJ
sastrabhrte 10 prahareyu < h>
1
1 keu -
svayar:
/

. .
ci t pral
.l l u
samadhanam t at o bhutva k .
tasmac cojJ hi t am i t th
rl y

te dr<hacetasa //
punah /
a
f11 te s
l)u t vaf bhupat e
aka:la'to gat e -
prane sas trena ' dh
.
vyat haya prani na <'m >
_ _ _ V yat e yadl //
puna<r> sapa ' t
'- pra aparandanena 1 2 t u /
ahi < l]1 > sa p
;
a

o
nu
rn
do

asa
lyo1 hi jayat e //
gat i h /
arma < | > ahl rpSa paramo
ahi sa paramam
-
nanarp
pada rp //
ahi rpsa
paramaQl
ahar hi pasuja tah 1 4 s -
1 5
,
- -
aharamai t hunam ni drl6
m a
)
nanahTnadurbalo /
nfPa ' ' //

pasuvrt t i < s > t at ha

nai kadhar madhi knras
, -
akrt 1 8 //
t val]1 dl wrmadharmavi c8l'-
bhupala i t i vkhyato

balabalahYninD m dYn
v

okal [ prasal)1 si tal) 1 9 //
i drsas t vam mall DraJ' a t
.
sraQa<r>
_
praho /
. ava saraQam agataD //
WL1L
1 . Fausbol l , V. edi ted. ' The JCtdkd together wi th i tS commentary. VoU.
Repri nt of the 1 877 edi t i on. London Luzuc and Company L\C. 1 962
pp. 1 45- 1 5 3.
2. Chal mers, Robert . The Jitaka. Vol . I . lransluted. Repri nt of the 1 89 5
publ i cati on. Lo,"don, Luzuc and Company Ll d. 1 9 5_ p. 36 - 42. -~ ^
os<\ g ) ygcg_ jq c \Sc ' ~W*? = HV_ ,_: s . :', ; 9o7 ,
3 . Jftukam . . . . . ubers. ton J| ii l i t|sJ lJut oi t . I [lund, Munchen 1 906. pp. 64-75 '
vi de I l al1n, Mi cl 1acl li nd I(onrod, ({ I aus. Das Mrgajituka
.
( Hari bhu njfta
kamal a XI ) [onn , I ndi ca el Ti bet i cu Vcrlag 1 9 83 p 1 .
4. Norman, H. C. edi led. !he Commentar o n the DhamrT apada. Vol .
I l l . London, Pal i Text Soci et y. 1 9 1 2 . p. 1 48; Burl i ngame, E. W. Bddhist
Legends. Transla ted from ti le or i gi nal Pal i texl of the Dhammapada
Com menlary. Part 2 . Harvard Ori ental Series Vol. 2 1 Cambri dge,
Massachuset ts. Harvard Un i versi l y Press. p. 359. for the date, see
Nor.man, leR. Pali Li l eraturc. Wi esbadcn Ot to Harrassowi tz. 1 9 83 p. 1 3 0 .
5 . Trenckner, V. Ed. Tile ,i l indopaFllo . Ori gi nally publi shed i n 1 8 8 0 . Repri nt .
London. Luzac and Co. Ltd. 1 962. p. 203; Rhys Davi ds, T. W. The Quest
ions of King Al i linda. Transl ated from t he Pal i . Oxford Uni vers i ty Press.
Fi rst edi l i on. 1 890. I mpress i on of \ U p. 289; I l orner, I . B. Al i l inda's
Quest ions. Vol . I. Transl ated from t he Pol i . London, Luzac and Co. Ltd.
1 9 64. p. 293. For the dale, see. \Y n!crh tz, ! . A History of lnC|un
Li t era ture . Vol. l I Uni versi t y of Cal cut ta. 1 933 p. 7 5
6. Vai dya, P. L. ed. Lal i tavist ara . Darbhnnga. The ( i l hi l a Inst i tut e. 1 958.
p. 1 4 l i ne 7; For a di scussi on of thc peri od of compos i t i on ol the Lal i ta
vistara see Wi ntern i tz op. ci I . p. 2 5 5.
7. Si -yu-ki , chuan VII .
8. Jul i en, Stani sl as. Voyages des Pe lerins Bouddhistes l l . Mcmoi res sur
l es Con trees Occi dental es. Tradu i ls du Sanscri t en Chi noi s, cn l ' u|i 648,
par Hi ouen-thsang, e t du Chi noi s en francai s. Tome prcmi er. Pari s. A
I ' i mpri meri e i mperi al e. MDCCC LVI I . p. 36 - 363.
9 . Beal , Samuel . Chinese ACCOUl ts of lnd!c. Translated from the Chi nese
of I i i uen Thsi ang. Vol . l l l . Ci Icu l ta. Susi l Gupla ( I ndi a) Ltd. 1 95 8 ( Re-
pri nt) pp. 295 - 296.
1 0. Chal mers, Robert op. ci t . p. 42.
1 1 . l1al alasekara, G. P. Dict ionary c] Pol i ProP,r Names Vol. I I . London. John
Murray 1 938 >- Y- Ni grodhami gujataka.
12. Cunni ngham, Alexander. The Stipa of Bharnll t . Ornamented wi t h numer
ous sculptures i l l ust rat i ve of BuddhI st Legend and Hi story i n l he' 3rd
century B. C. London W. H . Al len and Co. 1 87 U. Cunningham ( p. J 1I
assigns the Bharhut Stupu to the 3rd century B. C.
1 3. i bi d. p. D I .
1 4. Rhys Davi ds, Buddhist Birth Stories. 1 880 p. ci i as referred to in the
Journal of the Royal Asi ati c Soci ely. 1 896 p. 623 note 1 .

l
' Ii i
|

'
I. LIOCOOUI@, b.. . U7 - U ol D ool t cot ion cn t i t icc vcstocny)o oe-.
('Oricot ol Notcs ' O l /IC RCU l j O LPCOI D HO_OD_CS O \ HO LDI VOlS! I j
o/ | . PC I Cl'!bllrg. Publ ished by t he I mperiaJ CUQLH) of Sct cnces
a t Sl . Pet ersburg in I 89. A transI a! ion of pp. 337 - 365 of Oldenburg' s
art i cl e ent i t l ed: "On some SCulpt ures and Q C!O|! B representat i ons
of tl lc Buddhist Ji t akas 0! [llll rhut , /]0|_ 0DO IJoro-Boedoer'" H05
DCC| QUD I 5 I CO | H | lc Journll l of t ile ^0er! cBn L|| C|I 0| COC CIj. O . 1 o .
See QQ. ' o o - 20 1 , C5QCC! u! l j Q. 1 oo.
' b . Tile JOlll ' l J ll O t he Hayal t5| 0I ! C COC| C! j. O|UO| 1 oJb p. UZo, not e 1.
1 7 . | U l Z5CH, E. ' Ju 0K05 uI 110!0U ! ' , JOU!|0 O HC \Oy0 S 0 ! | C COC| C ! },
O|UOH 1 J Z (pp. 399 - 4 1 0
)
Q. 4 0G.
1 8 . LOO00|05W00j, t` |uHO0 l\ . L a Sculpture de Bharhut. |0OUCI ! O| UC
JC0| U| \ O! . u|| 5. /`H|d C5 UU ! U5CC L|l ! 0CI . IJ i bl i otheque U' 0| ! . Nouv'el l e
ser i es: !l . 1 J0 U . p. 72 . See Q. o for t he dat i ng of ti le Bi l[rl l ut CI UQ0
|O0 ZHU CCHI U|} . . t o 2nd cent ury t. L.
! J . , LUHH | HgH0 0, IIJ exnnder. op. C | | . p. 75.
ZU. LOO0u|05w00j, ^|0|O0 l\ . op. C! ! . Q. ob.
Z ! . 0 0 05CKC|0. . . op. ci t . T 0 l 0 05CKC|0 HC| C ! |O| C0I C5 ! |J 8! ! H| 5 )0I0K0
| 5 0! 5O C0 CO N! g|OO| I 0 Ju!0Ru. U! 5 | |lO|00I | OH | 5 | H0CCU|0 ! C 0|O 0| 5
l eadi ng, for Ni grodl J aj5t nkn, Ja taka NO. +4D CO| I 0! |5 0 U| lC|C| I st ory.
ZZ. JO|C5, J. J. Ihe Mohvo?| u \OI l | 0H5l 0I CO | O0 t i le l JUOO|! S! C0|5R l | .
OHUOH. UZ0C nnd LO. LI U. 1 9 ,1 0 p. xi .
23 . Sennr t , . i.e !al lovastu. Cx tC C0H5C|! ! publ i c pour l a premi ere foi s.
Tome QlC 0| Cl . 0!! S. !` L' i mpI' i meri e Nati onol e. | LLLL `'` Q[.
o J J - :GG.
2 4 . JO|CS, J. J. op. C| I . QQ. o u 'I ~ 1 .
2 5 . Ecl gel t on, |0H| ! |. nuddhist Hybrid Sanskri t Reader. Eci t ed vh ' I Ot CS.
OCW uVCH. Ynl e Un i vers i t y Press 1 95 3 p. v.
Zb. I bi d. QQ. T - D .
27. CCH0| ! OQ. C I ! . Q. o b b . COll l pare ul5o JOHC5 OQ. C| I . Q. o ! 1 HO! C .
Z o. U_C
' IO| op . C | I . Q. 5 .
o u . Chv l mel's, Rober t O
|. C | I . Q. + T . LhUl mCr5 t ransl a t es CuKH0 0 5 ' Ur0nCH'
DU! Q|OD0D y ! HC |00C5 Sokl I O, Vi siklw 0HU CUV| 50KH0 are meant t o
descri be t he R0I U|C of t DC nnl l cr-s of I HC UCC| so |00CO
,
Ed.
3 1 . | l 0l \ |1 , H| CH0C li nd 1( [ [us, I (onrad op. C! I . See |O!C 3 above.
JZ. 00H, l . ' Lo5 L0UD OC5 l I orl bha t l a' pp. 1 0 7 ~
1 2 0 l H Studien Zum
Jaillismus and fuddhismus. Gedenksc'hrl f t fur LudWi g Alsdorf ed. 1< l ou5
lUHH 0|O Al brecht lVezler lV i esboden, franz St ei ner Ver - Iag Gmbl l . 1 J o 1 .
. DSKrL hQrOSCr\LS tr t=e 1 CotcIoue o( the
VCSCD\C\\ `C\\OD\\C\ t.
|_(_Q:DD\ - ' ''''
_ ____ Q7\\\
\O \ \ ?. TC. !
1OK`O U. e s | :y !| coy.
! / 7 7. \O\ \OS \C
foli os 59o6 G6u1 ,
No. ' J6u ucsc. . Lco OH
to CCH\3 | the story o
\
n
no copy of t his
in I HC 50 0C l i brary 0QQC0!5
Regret tably \ love HOUgH 0HH 5 at c5 t i le contrary.
manuscri pt for eompnrl son.
U op. ei . Q. 24 |OC 3 . o . l 0H|, l| CH0C 0| \ O l <I ous, 'O|\ |` 0 .
oD. d' t t ed lUgUSI J ! H 1 3o D i n |C5
"
[ ll i el lae\ I I al 1 11 . Pr i vat e communI cat I on O
T Jo D
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ob.
QOH5C U | Hj I l \ QUI ! y
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C I | .
' cc i . Sudl l ll sr11 u. Su\hu C O m01 1 aSI va HU|0|OH5jOIQu\t i |01 11Dsra mns
. .
37 .
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n |5. 5!UI _0
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C) 111 S. n kr t e1 1a
UI ms. pi' uptasya
t o
e) or ti le !C0Ul |g
~
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ei t. p. 359.

| CU. Sel lrr rt

belOw e[ . \| cho\n. lI
l 5 prcei l nt al l .
, - " bhi r usr .mct i .
_) : ? enndal l o mn:yot pnt t J l l nm.t
bCl ow.
Do raja Anando .
!0L| 5DO| . Y op. c i t . p. 1
ll 0\ \ C CHU o[ t il i s u! I l C C.
o. CCC sect i on
l a t I HC end of t i l i s nr t i cl c.
30. Sec 1 3 o[ seet i ol l
40. CCC ! | O| T .
1 3 .
[ut e[. ti l e |C0O| |g
4 I . Sect i on
2 l\ . o I l A; 5 n. ! O . G
T Z n. T .
o T 2 0
'
T T ns. T , o ,
H. Z H5. : ,
,\ 2. C .
T b. Z o
J J . C| . 4 | \ . o o H. I J . ! u l1 . Z . | . J . ` G n. 7;
44. C| . l \ . Z J `, 1 0 l1 . o} 1 2 n . 3 .
G l \ . Z T . o |5. T J ,
+ J .
9 4 |. 1 o 0 | O H. ZJ!
7 o H. ! J 0HO I 11 . 2 2 ;
, Z B|O E l \ . o Z .
| o |. o 0HO I H . T
L H. o T ` , J 05. T u ,
.
4J J |\ J 0|O l\ . Z n nd E n . ; . .
!|` . U_C|I O|, d op. Cl ! . p. vi .
frallkl i n. Tl I I S Rec cr.
4 7 , o, ! 1 .
c=
7!' II.1 1 I Z I 1I J(I t (t I .^ r lJ
o. - 9 o , ! ! .
1 ! . - ! . 7 .
50. 1 1 .
5 1 . 2 : dai vasi ka!j i 4 : devasi kaf)l .
5 2. 1 2 n. 6.
53. 2 n . 2 .
5 4. See E not es 1 4, 35 , 47 .
55. e. g.
2: (Jast l i ne) v ijnipemai 4: vi j nipet ha.
56. c r. 6 n. 1 8; 8 n. 1 2 .
5 7 . 8 n. 1 4 .
5 8 . 8 .
5 9 . 5.
GO. 5 .
( 1 ) ! - dhvani
( 2)
2. `dambara
3. panno
4. Thc t ext from here onwards i s paral l el t o that of t he Mahivast u.
Tl c tcxt correspondi ng t o ti l e fol l owi ng Ul ree l nes as gi ven by
Senart (S) and Edgerton (E) is as fol l ows: Toh i m vanakhande Rohako
nama I11 rgorija llIrgasahasrayu t ha!jl ( S. sahosramgayut haf)l)
'
ari haret i
(S. pori horat i ) . Tasya duve put ru Nyagrodho c a numa Visikho ca.
Tena diini mrgorijena ekasyapi put rosyo ponca ( S. pa f)ca) mrgasat ini
di nnan i oparasyipi put rasya panca (S. paf]1 ca) mrgasat ini di nnini .
5 . put ros t i .
1 . S E om.
2. " gantavyaf)
3. S E vonaar
.
19af)l .
4 . S sa mant ar:n L samant a!jl
5 . S E mrgani han t i
6 . kuni S E kani i Out compare t he same phrase below.
7 . S L khajjant i
8. S E nyagrodho
J. L cva f]1
1 0. S E ki
WW -~~

.
/. I' RClCS NI |I! tI I AM\ CAJ\I\. ID A V I\S\CU
1 1 . j.|_\ c| : . 5 !. | c| i
2 . cseni b L seni
1 3 . S E am. But compare above.
1 4. rajnof11
l b. S E na evaf!1 .
( 3) 1 . S E so dini
2 . mrgof]1 Suvi sakhof)l
3. S E so
4. S E om
5. S sobao
6 . dhanursao
7 . S E dan i
8. S tena abhi oE t ena obhi mukha
U. tah
1 0 . tadide S t eno dun i E te dani
1 1 . S rijnu
1 2. S E mrgarijinou drs t vi
1 3 . S E eva abhi

1 4. niJ:!
1 5 . S mrgi igaO
1 |1 . t i l ai va
l I. L gra
I 8 . S E mama abhi o
| J . E so
( 4) 1 . S E nuiye
2 . vacayovicayaf]1 S E vacaye
3. S jiipent i E jiapent i
4 . yami S jnipimo E jnapemi
5 . dhil)
6. pi
7. S E yan
8. S E prirBsoo
9 . E paki bhi
1 0. S ruja
1 1 . S E karo
1 2 . S E et e
1 3 . E ji ta
W....=. ....

84
r{ ! 4.
1 5.
1 6.
1 7.
1 8.
1 U .
2 0 .
? l .
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
( 5) 1 .
2.
3
,
4,
5 .
6.
i
?.


8.
I .
U.

l U .
l l .
1 2.
( 6) ! .
2 .
3 .
4 .
.
6 .
7 .
8.
^got e Egato
gat e Lgato
5 va taga tn
anye
na|
u7t! 1IA~LODOtA~r(
mrgagarp tatavyil)1 5 gavyal)1
8 L l atal i
5 om.
nakhol)Qeu
nadigral l Ul)e-u E naciTgui lanell . But compare na9akal lilre

u in 2 above.
8 L dai vaO
5 L ekamrgal1
avi kUI!al!l 5 avi bl l Uk(al)a,!,
There is nn i nl el'pol at i on here ( 1 82b- 1 830) cont i nui ng fur t her t he
di alogue bet ween the deer and t i le ki ng. Thi s i nterpolat i on is appen
ded a t the end of l hi s text as | | .
rnahirijnsya i me
tadatani 5 L lena dani
pat i l,l L pa t i na'!'
5 vi jiiapti E ajiapt i
5 L di nni
priya
5 L ei l
E yant i
eka
lavyi 5 I vi sarjetavyaQ
5 L yuthato
ubhaya m !'ge h i
aparal)1 yulho'1l
b L ci t
5 L om.
mgi ye
S E tava ndyo
5 me
patako L potako
5 L tivo
5 L t at ul
.
l
( 7)
- ni
O . Uvayo
l | . potaka
! ? . ? ul! at tcno
l J . S L rnrgena ctam
14. l isvaro05 L tisya 5roo
15. E et asya
1 6. mrgarnrgi L mrgal)1 mrgl
l ? . 5 ta sam5n5 l t 5 samanu'! .
1 8 . 5 lasya
l U. 5 L mama adya
20. vi sma
2 1 . 5 E aparHpnre pi
2 2 . E cvaf!1
1 .
2.
3.
4.
.
6.
7.
8.
9.
1 0 .
l ! .
1 2 .
l J .
1 4 .
l .
l G .
l ? .
l 8.
! U.
? U.
mamusan i vitena 5 mama sa,!, ni p5t cna L mama sal ni pii t ena
pi
5 ghi l Ryi O
sinlm E sanam
5 L ki m
5 I niye
5 L duve
lake
t alal
.
l
5 L mama adya
8 L duve
l ata
pi
8 L na i cchanl i
8 E sa aha,!,
mucyat i
vucyal i
arhani
Oyi ma
l ul a
S6
J.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
1 0.
1 1 .
1 2.
1 3.
1 4.
! 5 .
1 6 .
1 7 .
1 8 .
1 9.
20.
2 1 .
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
9 \UI 1 .
2 .
3 .
4 .
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
1 0 .
1 1 .
unuJnl O
S E na asmakaT
yuthilo
tt A!~A HA~OUHOtt A ~LL
adya visakhayuthapat i
S E duve
S E ki smi f!
tutaf:
S E nyagrodho
S E nyagrodhena yuthaO
S tasyi
S L jehi i t i
osaro tarp vi sal'jehi i t i tava i to osaras
thapat i f: S E om.
S osaro taT nahaT L osarato naham
S E na i cchao
S E nyagrodhasya
S E mrgapatisya aroo
t ataf: mrgaraje S E om.
S E koci
S E i cchat i . But compare the followi ng verb jul pant i
S E reTa
S E om.
S mrgayuthasya adya E mrgapa t isya adya
S L raja aha
S E abhayar;
nosiyo S sakyi saii E sakyi ma caT
5 E vanaa(Qato
5 E pantham
ye ye
yall t i
evamatam
ntlgaO
aki Qi
drvi
E pi ta
E O-
E om.
mmmmm WWmm . ,,,.... ..
9 ( 1 0 )
9 ( 1 1 )
IPflOPOS Nt{1tOnl' IMIGAJ ATJt< A INO 1 VV.\15\CH
1 ? . F _ato
1 3 . jnapaya 5 vijiupemal) L pemal)
1 4. mUTcaya
1 5 . 5 E i masya adhi o
1 6 . samahao5 snmahn t turakenn E s mahat tarakii. Edgerton here unders
tands mahattaraka to menn I | c chi ef queen. 5ec his Buddhi st
Hybri d Sanskri t Di cti onary s. v. I l owevcr, the mcnni ng headmen
or el ders sui ts the cont cxt .
1 7 . visya S vi af!
1 8 . visya
1 . kiraf)e ' smi rpj rcad ort i wknraJc ' smi f
2. 5 E ci
3. S E ca
4. ' pi ta
5 . S durlao
6 . S E om.
7. pi
8 . S bhuta q
1 . unye S E om.
2. kva
J . S E ci t
4. ya
f
S E yaf)
5 . 5 om.
6. 5 mrgara]u
7 . 5 om.
8 . 5 E o m.
9. S yasya
1 0 . E gfyo
l . S E ki smi f!
1 2 . siklia
1 3 . 5 E pat i
1 4. asi
1 5 . E om.
1 6 . E sa
1 7 . S E om
1 8 . E etasyu
1 9 . 5 E om.
1

22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
3 1 .
32.
33.
34.
35,
36.
9 ( 1 2) 1 .
2.
3 .
4 .
5.
G.
7 .
8.
9.
1 0.
1 | .
1 2 .
1 3 .
1 4 .
1 5 .
l G .
1 7 .
5 L mama aclya
5 me; compal'c 9 C note 5
5 I duve
kaupapannol
.
1 5 I kuki smi f
mU'l cimi
5 anyam il)ipayi tu
5 L om
5 yo
5 L ycna ant [l'ela aha f1
F ynn t|
5 t nsyo
di nno
so' pi
yuthasyai vD1 (omi ts osaro)
5 saras mi f1 L sares mi f1
5 L om.
sarvc
5 L it mina f!
5 I om.
vi nayan
5 L cvuru"
5 L satvaO
padyate
E om.
5 YSI
)1 L tvay i
Dh| t i ycnu 3 l tasY;l t . .`
5 I nl 1 of1 pi
5 L tava agoO
5 L "gannq
tosyii
8 L gil1ol
)
1
dil 1 ompl'a" r : bi l aya m dunn"; Ti le correspondencc or tile Mv
t i l c \ | \ . t cxts sto;s | cic.
' ( 1 3) I . nf1sya i vn f!
II
7 . l I
3. gal)
4. "syum
5. "l oci O
6, julosikrao
7. $y0|
8. tad
U. pUf1
1 0. gili
1 1 . SHti n: urabh+In
1 2 . romye
1. DD
I . |uru|
! 5. SLJr[1bl l i o
J G .
I 1 l iibhi dyiivy;ipidadoai l.1
1 7. co hi
1 8 . vi tayaa
1 9 . adl1igol
.
1
20. vnrddhot e
2 1 . vorddlll te
22, l Et o
23. adu! !a
24. sorvivotar1
1 . ugotao
2. jiti naf!
J. me
4. karnnu
5 , mgisa tyaso tyo ( " iso tyof)l
6 . muk0'11
7 . mrgi m
8. ul'idlli
9. bllUdyontc
1 0, tepi
1 1 . prohireo
1 2 , l ipel)l<rllo
1 3 . salyc
l | . jit i
.: . syuc
! 0 . i uia|
1 7. ojpa|
1 8. v| ra:a
l U. s| ta
BOME EXEGETICAL TECHN!QUEB EYPLOYED
l N THE PALl COMMENTARlEB
L!y OC B!va
The funct i on of com mentari es comprises the el uci dat ion
of me!ni ngs,
The Digha At
techni ques empl
them i nt o si x
says :
fat t he meani ng of the t erm a
H
hakatha.
Tiki seems to have st udi ed the exeget i cal
i n the commentari es and neat ly di vi ded
mutual l y exclusi ve categori es. For i t
A tha va, chahi
padato padavibhag
samvannana katabba, sambandhato
at thto
'
auyoga to pariharato cat i !
Sambandha to compr is el uci dat i on of the context
of a sut ta , answeri ng ques t i such as when, where, by whom
and t o whom the di scourse een del i vered. Whatever i nfor-
mat i on t radi t i on had rding such hi stori cal mat ters
was i ncl uded under Ioqu!0 means word to
word expl anat i on of from the text. The nature
of the ext racted words is , i . e. whether they ore
nouns, verbs, prefi xes et c. The choi of words for commenti ng
is at t he di screti on of t he commenta and he i s generally
guided by t he pri nci pl e of select i ng wor i eh need eluci dati on
(anut tanapadavannana) and not comment on words whi ch
have al ready ben commented upon (apubba valna) . Under
padavibhagato comes gra mmat i cal and syn ti cal evaluation
of words. Archai c gram ma t i cal forms are ex i ned wi t h thei r
regular count erparts. At thato i s by far the ost i mportant
techni que as the tradi t i onal i nterpretati on of w and concept:; .
comes under thi s headi ng. Several devi (es have en evolved
to handle t hi s [unct i on effect i vel y. Anuyogato an pariharato
have t o be di scussed together as the former co rises the
met hod of rai si ng quest i ons and cri ti cally exami ni ng val i di t y
D i ssues, whi l e the l atter answers such quest i ons a meets
cri t i ci sm wi t h subst ant i al counter arguments .
. I n t hi s paper Fn at t empt is made to exami ne a
the exeget i cal t echni ques comi ng under at t!to onl y, i
the el uci dati on of meani ngs.
W