ANATOMY HIGH YIELD FROM USMLEWORLD FORUM

wrist flexion --C6, C7, C8, T1

elbow flexion -- C5, C6, C7
elbow extension -- C6. C7 C8
arm abduction -- C5, C6
deltoid semsatopm -- C5. C6
Vomiting center in reticular formation of medulla
CT in floor of !t" #entricle
ALS
$asciculations in middle age male
%escending paral&sis
'o sensor& in#ol#ement, all motor ner#es
o Werdnig Hoffman
$asciculations in a newborn
born wit" no anterior "orns ( no motor neurons
will die of respirator& failure
ANATOMY HIGH-YIELD POINTS (260!
1 wrist drop )inabilit& to extend t"e wrist and fingers* caused b& damage to w"at ner#e+ radial ner#e
)posterior c"ord of ,-*
. t"is ner#e supplies t"e flexors of t"e arm and is cutaneous in t"e forearm musculocutaneous ner#e
/ most intrinsic "and muscles are supplied b& w"at ner#e+ ulnar ner#e
! order of structures passing be"ind t"e medial malleolus )from ant to post* )anterior* tibialis posterior,
flexor digitorum longus, posterior tibial aa, flexor "allucis longus )T01, %2C3, 4'% 54667*
5 C' from w"ic" c"orda t&mpani originates C' V22
6 c"orda t&mpani controls sali#ation from w"ic" glands+ sublingual and submandibular
7 parotid is inner#ated b& w"ic" ner#e+ glossop"ar&ngeal )C' 28*
8 median ner#e paral&sis causes 9 ulnar de#iation of t"e "and )unopposed flexor carpi ulnaris inner#ated
b& ulnar*
: inner#ation of t"e interossei ulnar
1; ulnar ner#e lesion causes 9 radial de#iation of t"e "and )unopposed flexor carpi radialis inner#ated b&
radial*
11 radial ner#e paral&sis causes 9 inabilit& to extend t"e "and against gra#it& )<wrist drop<*, loss of
triceps and brac"ioradialis reflexes
1. w"at causes cleft lips+ failure of maxillar& and medial nasal processes to fuse during de#elopment
1/ occlusion of t"e gastroduodenal aa would cause 9 no c"ange )ric" suppl& from #arious sources*
1! ner#e t"at causes extension of t"e t"umb radial
15 ner#e w"ic" adducts t"e t"umb ulnar
16 ner#e t"at abducts, rotates, opposes, and flexes t"e t"umb median
17 ner#e t"at runs wit" t"e spermatic cord t"roug" t"e inguinal canals ilioinguinal
18 direct inguinal "ernias are due to w"at defect+ brea=down of trans#ersus abdominalis aponeurosis
and trans#ersalis fascia
1: small bowel recei#es its blood suppl& from t"e 9 superior mesenteric aa.
ANATOMY HIGH YIELD FROM USMLEWORLD FORUM
.; w"at embr&ological defect puts an infant at ris= for inguinal "ernia+ patent processus #aginalis
.1 testicular "istolog& s"ows man& >e&dig cells, few ?ertoli cells, and absent germ cells@ patient presents
wit" g&necomastia and small testes 3linefelterAs )!6,887*
.. w"at ner#e runs t"roug" t"e parotid gland+ facial ner#e
./ w"at ner#e accompanies t"e superior lar&ngeal aa+ internal branc" of superior lar&ngeal nn
.! inner#ation of t"e superior lar&ngeal nn mucosa abo#e t"e #ocal folds
.5 w"at is t"e #entral w"ite commissure+ crossing fibers of t"e spinot"alamic tract
.6 CooperAs ligaments connect9 mammar& glands to t"e dermis of o#erl&ing s=in
.7 alternati#e name for inguinal ligament -oupartAs ligaments
.8 multiple small openings in t"e depressed area of t"e nipple are 9 lactiferous ducts
.: B of lobes in e#er& breast 1; to 15
/; deri#ati#es of t"e uteric bud collecting ducts, cal&ces, renal pel#is
/1 patients wit" #erbal difficulties most li=el& "a#e a lesion in w"ic" "emisp"ere+ left
/. arter& t"at supplies t"e distal lesser cur#ature of t"e stomac" rig"t gastric
// mo#ements mediated b& t"e trapeCius mm ele#ation of t"e acromion )upper fibers* and depression of
t"e medial scapula )lower fibers*
/! on w"at da& of embr&onic life is t"e notoc"ord formed+ 17
/5 during w"at wee= can a fetus mo#e+ 8 wee=s gestation
/6 t"e incision for a sap"enous cutdown s"ould be located 9. anterior to t"e medial malleolus
/7 t"e structure immediatel& medial to t"e insertion of t"e biceps )near t"e elbow* is 9 brac"ial aa
/8 role of 12$ in de#elopment suppression of paramesonep"ric ducts
/: t"e onl& mm t"at can ele#ate t"e e&e in t"e abducted position is t"e 9 superior rectus
!; emb&ronic origin of t"e t"&roid foramen cecum
!1 t"e first p"ar&ngeal pouc" de#elops into 9 middle ear, eustacian tube
!. t"e second p"ar&ngeal arc" de#elops into 9 mm of face, st&loid process of temporal bone
!/ t"e t"ird p"ar&ngeal pouc" de#elops into 9 t"&mus, inferior parat"&roids
!! w"ic" mm lowers t"e Daw+ lateral pter&goid
!5 w"at C')s* come)s* t"roug" t"e foramen o#ale+ E"at branc"+ V/
!6 w"at C')s* come)s* t"roug" t"e foramen rotundum+ V.
!7 w"at C')s* come)s* t"roug" t"e superior orbital fissure+ 222, 2V, V1, V2
!8 w"ic" two C's come t"roug" t"e internal acoustic meatus+ V22, V222
!: w"ic" t"ree C's come t"roug" t"e Dugular foramen+ 82, 8, 82
5; w"ic" C')s* come)s* t"roug" t"e cribriform plate+ 2
51 ner#e t"at inner#ates all t"e t"enar mm median
5. t"e medial aspects of t"e cerebral "emisp"eres are supplied b& w"ic" aa+ anterior cerebral
5/ location of t"e 4V node subendocardium of t"e interarterial septum
5! location of ?4 node wall of t"e rig"t atrium
55 inner#ation of t"e stapedius facial )C' V22*
56 t"e "eart begins to beat at w"at wee= of gestation+ !t"
57 t"e "eart is full& formed b& w"at wee= of gestation+ 6t"
58 w"at muscle mig"t a#ulse t"e lesser troc"anter from t"e femur, resulting in fracture+ psoas maDor
5: / mm t"at insert into t"e greater troc"anter of t"e femur gluteus minimus and medius, piriformis
6; most common form of 4?% results from 9 failure of fusion of t"e septum primum and secundum
ANATOMY HIGH YIELD FROM USMLEWORLD FORUM
61 t&pe of epit"elium contained in t"e distal esop"agus non=eratiniCed stratified sFuamous
6. t"e median ner#e is formed b& w"ic" cords of t"e brac"ial plexus+ lateral and medial
6/ t"e medial ner#e runs between w"ic" two tendons on t"e anterior aspect of t"e forearm+ palmaris
longus and flexor carpi radialis
6! t"e smoot" part of t"e rig"t #entricule is deri#ed from 9 bulbus cordis
65 t"e smoot" part of t"e rig"t atrium is deri#ed from9 sinus #enosus
66 t"e truncus arteriosis de#elops into 9 t"e proximal pulm aa and ascending aorta
67 lesion results in inabilit& to dorsiflex and in#ersion of t"e foot w"en relaxed common peroneal ner#e
lesion
68 4 patientAs tongue de#iates toward t"e rig"t. E"at mm and ner#e are affected+ rig"t "&poglossal )C'
822*@ rig"t genioglossus
6: w"at is t"e role of t"e "&oglossus mm+ retracts t"e tongue
7; information carried b& t"e dorsal column s&stem of t"e spinal cord proprioception, discriminati#e
touc", #ibrat
71 pseudounipolar cells are deri#ed from t"e 9 neural crest
7. ?c"wann cells are deri#ed from t"e 9 neural crest
7/ astroc&tes and microglia are deri#ed from t"e 9 neural tube
7! pat" of t"e superior sagittal sinus along t"e attac"ment of t"e falx cerebri
75 "ow does a mast cell loo= on G1+ <scroll< inclusions )loo= li=e lamellar bodies*, cell membrane
irregularities, micro#illi, e#ident nucleolus
76 <un"app& triad< medial meniscus, medial collateral ligament, and 4C> tear
77 t"e sensor& inner#ation of t"e posterior "alf of t"e external auditor& meatus comes from 9. auricular
branc" of t"e #agus )C' 8*
78 sensor& inner#ation of t"e anterior "alf of t"e external auditor& meatus auriculotemporal ner#e
7: abdominal #iscera protrude t"roug" t"e anterior abdominal wall )not co#ered in s=in, etc* w"en w"at
fails to occur during embr&ogenesis+ failure of fusion of t"e lateral bod& folds )!t" w=*
8; failure of t"e &ol= stal= to degenerate results in9 1ec=elAs di#erticulum
81 pain from t"e anterior two-t"irds of t"e tongue is carried to t"e C'? b& 9 V/
8. taste from t"e anterior .H/ of t"e tongue is carried to t"e C'? b& 9 V22
8/ w"at is t"e role of C' 28 in taste and pain sensation of t"e tongue+ posterior 1H/ of t"e tongue )pain
I taste*
8! t"e structure medial to a femoral "ernia in a female patient lacunar ligament
85 indirect inguinal "ernias pass Dust lateral to 9 inferior gastric aa
86 direct inguinal "ernias pass Dust medial to 9 inferior gastric aa
87 anest"etic inDected near t"e isc"ial spine will bloc= w"ic" ner#e+ pudendal
88 w"at ner#e runs Dust anterior to t"e anterior scalene mm+ p"renic nn
8: brain structure in#ol#ed wit" formation of memories "ippocampus
:; t"e greater sciatic foramen is occupied b& w"at mm+ piriformis
:1 w"at nn runs t"roug" t"e greater sciatic foramen Dust caudal to t"e piriformis+ superior gluteal ner#e
)along wit" t"e aa and ##*
:. w"at nns run t"roug" t"e greater sciatic foramen Dust below t"e piriformis+ pudendal I sciatic
:/ t"e remnant of t"e embr&ological umbilical #ein falciform ligament
:! in w"ic" part of t"e small intestine does a 1ec=elAs di#erticulum arise+ ileum
:5 neurons in t"e olfactor& bulb s&napse on w"ic" part of t"e brain+ p&riform cortex
ANATOMY HIGH YIELD FROM USMLEWORLD FORUM
:6 name t"e mm t"at causes internal rotation of t"e arm at t"e s"oulder subscapularis
:7 t"e inferior rectal ner#e is a direct branc" of t"e 9 pudendal nn.
:8 inner#ation of t"e abductor pollicis longus median nn.
:: inner#ation of t"e adductor pollicis ulnar nn.
1;; mostl& unbrac"ed #ein existing on t"e medial side of t"e leg and continuing upward to meet wit" t"e
femoral #ein sap"enous
1;1 w"at does t"e ansa cer#icalis inner#ate+ genio"&oid )pulls t"e "&oid bone anteriorl& for swallowing*
1;. t"e inferior mesenteric aa arises from t"e abdominal aorta directl& posterior to w"at structure+ t"ird
part of t"e duodenum
1;/ t"e superior mesenteric aa arises from t"e aorta directl& posterior to w"at structure+ nec= of t"e
pancreas
1;! t"e esop"agus contains striated mm '0T under #oluntar& control
1;5 t"e foramen t"roug" w"ic" t"e sap"enous #ein passes to Doin t"e femoral #ein fossa o#alis
1;6 mm t"at flexes t"e t"ig" at t"e "ip psoas maDor
1;7 t"e fasciculus cuneatus carries w"at =ind of fibers from w"ere+ proprioception, discriminati#e touc",
#ibration from t"e arms
1;8 t"e role of t"e sG6 steroid "ormone s&nt"esis and detox
1;: decreased sensation o#er t"e first /.5 digits of t"e "and indicates a lesion of 9 median nn.
11; w"at mm are supplied b& t"e median ner#e+ opponens pollicis, abductor pollicis bre#is, flexor pollicis
bre#is, 1st . lumbricals, anterior forearm flexors
111 t"e extensor pollicis longus is supplied b& t"e 9 )nn* radial ner#e
11. bac=ward mo#ement of t"e Daw during c"ewing is due to w"at mm+ temporalis
11/ gap Dunctions contain 9 connexons
11! tonofilaments are found in9 "emidesmosomes and desmosomes
115 w"at t&pe of collagen is found in t"e basal lamina+ T&pe 2V )under t"e floor*
116 t"e superior opt"alamic #ein drains into t"e 9 ca#ernous sinus
117 t"e sigmoid sinus drains into t"e 9 2JV
118 t"e posterior continuation of t"e ca#ernous sinus is t"e 9 petrosal sinus
11: t"ree mm t"at flex t"e arm at t"e elbow biceps, brac"ioradialis, and brac"ialis
1.; t"e median ner#e passes t"roug" t"e two "eads of w"at mm+ pronator tere
1.1 t"e coracobrac"ialis is pierced b& t"e 9 1C ner#e
1.. t"e flexor carpi ulnaris is pierced b& t"e 9 ulnar ner#e
1./ t"e deep branc" of t"e radial ner#e pierces w"ic" mm+ supinator mm
1.! annular pancreas results from a failure in w"at part of normal de#elopment+ failure of t"e #entral
pancreatic bud to rotate around t"e second part of t"e duodenum
1.5 pain sensation from t"e upper part of t"e posterior p"ar&nx is carred b& t"e9 glossop"ar&ngeal )C'
28*
1.6 t"e cells t"at pro#ide m&elin in t"e C'? oligodendroc&tes
1.7 to w"ic" nodes is a cancer of t"e descending colon most li=el& to metastasiCe+ inferior mesenteric
1.8 t"e gastroepiploic l&mp" nodes drain 9 t"e greater cur#ature of t"e stomac"
1.: t"e superficial inguinal l&mp" nodes drain 9 rectum, #agina, and perineum
1/; t"e internal iliac nodes drain 9 t"e bladder and male internal genitalia
1/1 t"e subp&loric nodes drain 9 t"e distal stomac", duodenum, and pancreas
1/. upward traction on t"e upper limb ma& cause w"at brac"ial plexus inDur&+ lower trun= )interossei
ANATOMY HIGH YIELD FROM USMLEWORLD FORUM
and t"umb problems*
1// two <ligaments< t"at separate t"e greater peritoneal sac from t"e lesser gastro"epatic,
"epatoduodenal
1/! claw "and is due to 9 ulnar ner#e lesion
1/5 cord of t"e brac"ial plexus from w"ic" t"e ulnar ner#e arises medial cord
1/6 cord of t"e brac"ial plexus from w"ic" t"e 1C ner#e arises lateral cord
1/7 obturator ner#e inner#ates 9 mm of medial compartment of t"e t"ig" )adductors and gracilis*
1/8 is t"e lower trun= of t"e brac"ial plexus wit"in t"e axillar& s"eat"+ no K formed in t"e nec= and
mo#es independentl&
1/: "ip abduction is mediated b& w"at ner#e+ superior gluteal ner#e
1!; nn responsible for =nee extension femoral ner#e
1!1 t"e #ertebral arter& lies in w"at <triangle< of t"e nec=+ suboccipital
1!. margins of t"e suboccipital triangle inferior I superior obliFue, rectus maDor
1!/ margins of t"e posterior triangle of t"e nec= trapeCius, ?C1, middle 1H/ of cla#icle
1!! margins of t"e anterior triangle of t"e nec= nec= midline, mandible, and ?C1
1!5 in fetal life, w"at does t"e #itelline duct connect+ terminal ileum wit" umbilicus and &ol= sac
1!6 wit" w"at structures does t"e axillar& aa tra#el in t"e axilla+ cords of t"e brac"ial plexus )all t"ree*
1!7 relati#e to t"e rib, w"ere do intercostal nn run+ in a notc" abo#e t"e rib
1!8 w"at is contained in t"e "epatoduodenal ligament+ common bile duct and "epatic #essels
1!: w"at structures are contained in t"e gastro"epatic ligament+ none K can be cut in surger& wit"out
seFuellae
15; sensation supplied b& t"e median ner#e palmer aspects of first /.5 fingers, and dorsal digits of first
/.5 fingers )including nail beds*
151 ner#es t"at suppl& sensation to t"e dorsal aspect of t"e "and radial )on t"e t"umb side* and ulnar
)on t"e pin=ie side*
15. ner#e t"at lies in t"e posterior tonsillar fossa C' 28
15/ t"e muscles of mastication are deri#ed from w"at p"ar&ngeal arc"+ first
15! sensor& inner#ation of t"e sole of t"e foot is b& t"e 9. posterior tibial ner#e
155 nn t"at supplies t"e medial mm of t"e t"ig" obturator
156 t"e femoral ner#e inner#ates 9 t"e mm of t"e anterior compartment of t"e t"ig"
157 t"e posterior compartment of t"e t"ig" is inner#ated b& 9 sciatic ner#e
158 t"e uterus de#elops from t"e 9 mesonep"ric ducts
15: t"e role of neural crest cells in t"e de#elopment of t"e "eart in#ade t"e aorticopulmonar& septum
16; retroperitoneal organs descending I ascending colon, duodenum, =idne&s, adrenals
161 brief pat"wa& of auditor& sensation spiral ganglion K C' V222 K dorsalH#entral coc"lear nuclei of t"e
medulla K superior oli#ar& nuceli K lateral lemniscus K inferior colliculus of t"e midbrain K medial
geniculate bod& of t"alamus K auditor& cortex
16. t"e superior colliculus is in#ol#ed in 9. e&e mo#ements
16/ GrbAs pals& results from a lesion of t"e 9 upper part of brac"ial plexus )C5, C6*
16! t"e facial #ein drains into t"e 9 ca#ernous sinus
165 name t"ree structures in t"e "epatoduodenal ligament common bile duct and "epatic #essels
166 "ow are t"e t"ree structures of t"e "epatoduodenal ligament arranged+ portal #ein is posterior, bile
duct is on rig"t, "epatic aa on left
167 mm t"at ele#ates t"e soft palate le#ator palatini
ANATOMY HIGH YIELD FROM USMLEWORLD FORUM
168 inner#ation of t"e mm t"at ele#ates t"e soft palate C' 8
16: w"en t"e u#ula de#iates toward t"e rig"t, t"e most li=el& lesion is 9 left C' 8
17; course of t"e axillar& ner#e surgical nec= of t"e "umerous
171 inner#ation of t"e axillar& ner#e deltoid mm
17. a lesion of t"e axillar& ner#e would cause .. inabilit& to raise t"e arm from t"e side
17/ t"e posterior descending arter& is a branc" of t"e 9. 6C4
17! ner#e in t"e posterior triangle of t"e nec= accessor&
175 t"e pancreas gets its arterial suppl& from 9 t"e celiac aa
176 t"e ductus deferens and t"e spermatic cord con#erge w"en 9 t"e& pass t"roug" t"e internal
inguinal ring
177 inabilit& to read )alexia*, wit" preser#ation of t"e abilit& to write )agrap"ia*, is indicati#e of a lesion
in t"e 9 left occipital cortex and splenium of CC
178 ner#e t"at inner#ates t"e dorsum of t"e foot superficial peroneal
17: anest"esia of t"e medial surface of t"e leg suggests a lesion of t"e 9 sap"enous ner#e
18; w"en a female stands, w"ere does fluid in t"e abdomen collect+ rectouterine pouc" )of %ouglas*
181 #enous place in t"e bod& wit" pressure oscillations of .5H; 64
18. #enous place in t"e bod& wit" no pressure oscillations perip"eral #eins
18/ cell bodies for -acinian corpuscles reside in 9 %6L
18! depression of t"e mandible is affected b& w"at ner#es+ mandibular and facial )digastric* )'0TGM
$irst 4id sa&s t"at t"e lateral pter&goid lowers t"e mandible9. 7ou decide*
185 t"e cremasteric reflex is elicited #ia w"at ner#e roots+ >1, >.
186 a waddling )Trundelberg* gait is indicati#e of 9. lesion of t"e gluteus medius and minimus or t"e
superior gluteal ner#e
187 loss of t"e abilit& to climb stairs is indicati#e of 9 lesion of gluteus maximum or inferior gluteal nn
188 lesion of C' 222 would result in an e&e t"at loo=s 9. down and out
18: damage to 1e&erAs loop results in9. contralateral superior Fuadrantanopsia
1:; t"e aC&gus #ein drains t"e 9 posterior t"oracic wall
1:1 t"e aC&gus #ein empties into t"e 9 ?VC
1:. t"e paramesonep"ric ducts gi#e rise to 9 t"e upper #agina, cer#ix, uterus, and fallopian tubes
1:/ t"e lower #agina de#elops from t"e 9. urogenital sinus
1:! w"at cell in t"e li#er is deri#ed from foregut endoderm+ "epatoc&tes
1:5 ner#e t"at accompanies t"e superior lar&ngeal aa superior lar&ngeal ner#e )internal branc"*
1:6 inner#ation of t"e superior lar&ngeal nn )internal branc"* mucosa abo#e t"e #ocal folds
1:7 nn t"at pro#ides sensor& inner#ation to t"e lar&ngeal mucosa below t"e #ocal folds recurrent
lar&ngeal ner#e
1:8 motor inner#ation to t"e cricot"&roid superior lar&ngeal ner#e )external branc"*
1:: w"at fascia encloses t"e t"&roid gland+ pretrac"eal
.;; w"at is t"e best place to palpate t"e dorsalis pedis arter&+ on t"e dorsum of t"e foot, between t"e
tendons of t"e extensor "allucis longus and extensor digitorum longus
.;1 l&mp" from t"e medial side of t"e foot drains #ia 9 l&mp"atics near t"e sap"enous #ein into t"e
inguinal nodes
.;. l&mp" from t"e lateral side of t"e foot drains #ia 9 l&mp"atics near t"e s"ort sap"enous #ein into
t"e popliteal nodes
.;/ w"at is t"e gap between t"e two embr&onic atria called+ ostium primum
ANATOMY HIGH YIELD FROM USMLEWORLD FORUM
.;! w"at fills t"e gap between t"e two embr&onic atria+ septum primum
.;5 w"en t"e septum primum meets wit" t"e NNN, t"e ostium primum is closed endocardial cus"ions
.;6 failure of t"e septum primum to fuse wit" t"e cus"ions results in 9. ostium primum-t&pe 4?%
.;7 t"e ostium secondum usuall& forms wit"in t"e 9 septum primum
.;8 t"e results of failure to form t"e septum secundum fetal deat" )no "ole between atria means no
ox&genation for most of t"e fetus*
.;: run t"roug" t"e de#elopment of t"e foramen o#ale, etc. ostium primum closed b& septum primum K
ostium segundum forms K septum primum fuses wit" endocardial cus"ions K septum segundum
de#elops
.1; t"e #al#e of t"e foramen o#ale is made up of 9 t"e septum ostium )t"e part t"at does not regress*
.11 does t"e septum segundum fuse wit" t"e endocardial cus"ions+ no - onl& t"e septum primum does
.1. t"e afferent arm of t"e corneal reflex C' V
.1/ t"e efferent arm of t"e corneal reflex C' V22
.1! w"ic" ner#e pro#ides taste sensation o#er t"e anterior portion of t"e tongue+ $acial V22
.15 girl fracctures "umerus t"roug" lateral epicond&le. E"at ner#e mig"t be damaged+ radial
.16 w"at t&pe of ner#e fibers inner#ate t"e radial dilator mm+ onl& s&mpat"etic postganglionic fibers
.17 w"at is t"e status of t"e fetal "eart once t"e arms, legs, and extremities are nearl& full& formed+
nearl& full& formed, beating
.18 from w"ere does t"e le#ator #eli palatini originate+ petrous portion of t"e temporal bone
.1: wrist drop is caused b& damage to 9. radial ner#e
..; t"e lingula belongs to w"at lobe of t"e lung+ left upper lobe
..1 neonate wit" left-sided intestinal "ermiation "ad a structural anomal& of t"e 9 pleuroperitoneal
membrane )most li=el&*
... decreased sensation o#er wit" posterior portion of t"e side of t"e tongue indicates a lesion of w"at
ner#e+ C' 28
../ ooc&tes are deri#ed from t"e 9 &ol= sac
..! winged scapula results from lesions of w"at cer#ical ner#es+ C5-C7 )long t"oracic ner#e*
..5 anterior "orn motor neurons of t"e spinal cord are deri#ed from t"e 9 basal plate
..6 s&mpat"etic plexus t"at pro#ides pain sensation from t"e stomac" celiac plexus
..7 spinal tract t"at carries two-point touc", #ibration, and proprioception dorsal columns
..8 w"ere )if an&w"ere* do t"e dorsal w"ite columns cross+ medullar& p&ramids
..: spinal tract t"at carried pain and temperature sensation spinot"alamic tract
./; w"ere )if an&w"ere* does t"e spinot"alamic tract cross+ lumbar region
./1 w"ere does t"e corticospinal tract cross+ medullar& p&ramids
./. t"e smoot" part of t"e rig"t #entricle is deri#ed from 9 bulbus cordis
.// w"at is located between t"e cells of t"e &ol= sac and t"e cells of t"e c&totrop"oblast in a 1!-da&
blastoc&st+ extraembr&onic mesoderm
./! t"e adult deri#ati#e of t"e ductus #enosus ligamentum #enosum
./5 t"e #entromedial nucleus mediates w"at t&pe of be"a#ior+ eating be"a#ior )wit"out it, we star#e*
./6 t"e trans#erse cer#ical ligament carries w"at aa+ uterine
./7 biological met"&lations are mediated b& 9 ?41
./8 t"e splenic aa is located in w"at ligament+ splenorenal
./: w"at respirator& s&stem component is deri#ed from #isceral mesoderm+ endot"elial cells
.!; t"e arter& suppl&ing t"e anterior aspect of t"e inter#entricular septum runs in t"e 9 anterior
ANATOMY HIGH YIELD FROM USMLEWORLD FORUM
inter#entricular sulcus )>4%*
.!1 t"e c&stic aa is a branc" of t"e 9 rig"t "epatic
.!. w"at ner#e mediates t"e cremasteric reflex+ genitofemoral
.!/ ?c"wann cells are deri#ed from t"e 9 neural crest
.!! w"at structure gi#es rise to t"e greater omentum+ dorsal mesenter&
.!5 from w"ere is t"e spleen deri#ed+ embr&onic dorsal mesenter&
.!6 name two membranes t"at "old t"e ulna and radius toget"er interosseous )big* and annular )small*
.!7 intention tremor of t"e ipsilateral extremit& would result from a lesion of t"e 9 cerebellum
.!8 tremor t"at impro#es wit" purposeful mo#ement indicates a lesion of t"e 9 basal ganglia
.!: a lesion of t"e frontal e&e field would cause 9 de#iation of t"e e&es toward t"e lesion
.5; t"e urac"us is t"e remnant of t"e 9 allantois
.51 t"e urac"us connects 9 apex of bladder to umbilicus
.5. branc" of t"e axillar& arter& t"at forms an anastomosis wit" branc"es of t"e subcla#ian subscapular
aa
.5/ "&pot"alamic nuclei in#ol#ed wit" circadian r"&t"ms suprac"iasmatic nucleus
.5! l&mp" from t"e scrotum drains into t"e 9 superficial inguinal nodes
.55 t"e onl& lar&ngeal mm inner#ated b& t"e superior lar&ngeal nn cricot"&roid
.56 most of t"e lar&ngeal mm are inner#ated b& 9 recurrent lar&ngeal ner#e
.57 lies between t"e flexor carpi radialis and flexor digitorum superficialis median ner#e
.58 role of t"e pupillar& sp"incter muscle pupillar& constriction
.5: inner#ation of t"e pupillar& sp"incter mm paras&mpat"etic
.6; w"at mm dilates t"e pupil+ radial dilator mm
.61 t"e blood #essels t"at suppl& t"e s=in are located in t"e 9 deep and superficial dermis )t"e
epidermis does not "a#e #essels*
.6. w"at pores on t"e cell surface allow t"e passage of small molecules+ gap Dunctions
.6/ muscle used to get up from a sitting position gluteus maximus
S"ina# $ord %&ndrome%M
6esult from incomplete spinal cord inDuries.
OT"e Central Cord s&ndrome is associated wit" greater loss of upper limb function compared to lower
limbs.
OT"e ,rown-?PFuard s&ndrome results from inDur& to one side wit" t"e spinal cord, causing wea=ness
and loss of proprioception on t"e side of t"e inDur& and loss of pain and t"ermal sensation of t"e ot"er
side.
OT"e 4nterior ?pinal s&ndrome results from inDur& to t"e anterior part of t"e spinal cord, causing
wea=ness and loss of pain and t"ermal sensations below t"e inDur& site but preser#ation of
proprioception t"at is usuall& carried in t"e posterior part of t"e spinal cord.
OTabes %orsalis results from inDur& to t"e posterior part of t"e spinal cord, usuall& from infection diseases
suc" as s&p"ilis, causing loss of touc" and propriocepti#e sensation.
ANATOMY HIGH YIELD FROM USMLEWORLD FORUM
OConus 1edullaris s&ndrome results from inDur& to t"e tip of t"e spinal cord, located at >1 #ertebra.
OCauda GFuina s&ndrome is, strictl& spea=ing, not reall& spinal cord inDur& but inDur& to t"e spinal roots
below t"e >1 #ertebra.