Given: The following system is used to pump glycerin for a commercial system.

You task is to choose a pump

for the application. You are provided with a family of pump curves that could be used for this system. It is
necessary that the system be able to supply a minimum of 200 ka at a minimum of 0.0!"# m$"%min. The tank
level is variable depending upon system usage. ipe information is provided from &'(I%&()* (tandard
+",.!0)-!..#. The system has two filters in parallel that allow for one to be taken off line to be cleaned while
the other provides the minimum system re/uirements. &ll pipe is &'(I (chedule 00 (eamless 1rought (teel
ipe with a nominal diameter of 0 inches and a roughness of 0.!,! inches. 1hile pump and pipe si2es have
been given in *nglish units3 please convert all dimensions to (I for calculations.
4ind: a5 6reate the system curve 7head loss vs. gal per min5 for the system with only on filter on-line and 89!#
for the filter. &ssume the tank has !0 m of glycerin in it for this calculation. )ake your graph a:es the same as
the provided pump curves.
b5 ;etermine the minimum operating tank level to prevent pump cavitation with one filter on-line with
89!#.
c5 ;etermine the best standard impeller si2e from the family below to meet the design specs. <ustify
your selection.
d5 redict the operating point for the pump in terms of head3 flowrate3 efficiency and power re/uired when
only one filter is on-line with 89!#.
e5 ;etermine the differential pressure across one filter when 89!#.
f5 ;etermine the ma:imum allowed differential pressure across the filter to still meet system re/uirements
when only one filter is on-line 7=I'T: 8 no longer is e/ual to !# because the filter has started to plug up with
crud5.
g5 redict the operating conditions when both filters are on-line with each filter having 89!#. (how a
graph with both system curves on it for comparison sake 7one filter on-line3 and two in parallel5.
h5 ;etermine the minimum operating tank level to prevent pump cavitation with both filters on-line with
89!#.
ump (pecifications:
(ource of pump information: http:%%www.bellgossett.com%
(pecific pump shown is the (eries >03 0 : 0 : !! 70 inch inlet3 0 inch e:it3 !! inch ma: impeller
diameter5.
1260
kg
m
3
: kPa 10
3
Pa : K
filterUnplugged
15 : z
tankBottom
1.5m :
z
3
2m : l
0to1
2m : l
1to2
1.5m : l
2to3
3m :
Q'
min
0.0135
m
3
s
: p
3min
200kPa : 0.161in : 1.50
N s
m
2
:
The outlet to the tank is slightly rounded:
K
ent
0.2 :
Solution: This problem is not too bad if we perform it systematically. The first step will be to determine
whether we have laminar or turbulent flow:
4rom the provided table3 we get the inner pipe diameter:
d
pipe
.026in : d
pipe
102.26 mm
!rea
d
pipe
2

: !rea ".213 10
3
m
2

#
min
Q'
min
!rea
: #
min
1.6
m
s
$e
min
#
min
d
pipe

: $e
min
11.1%
1hich is very laminar. That is good3 as it will G?*&T@Y simply our analysis 7you are welcome5. =ad I
decided to make this turbulent3 it would have re/uired that we solve the 6olebrook e/uation3 which
would have made this a bear of a problem. 'ow3 this isnAt too bad.
f
min
6
$e
min
: f
min
0.53
*/n >.!. pg 0#B.
I will choose to make my e/uations all a function of the pipe velocity3 therefore when we change the
pipe velocity3 we can easily recalculate3 7or plot5 the results. &dditionally3 this will allow us to create the
system curve
# 0 0.05
m
s
, "
m
s
.. :
Q # & ' #!rea : $e # & '
# d
pipe

: f # & '
6
$e # & '
:
K
glo(e
10 : K
el(o)
0.3 : K
tee
1.0 :
from table >.23 pg 0>.
=ead loss calculations will include a term for maCor losses and minor losses:
4rom point 0 to the split at point !:
K
0to1
K
ent
K
glo(e
+ K
el(o)
+ : K
0to1
10.5
*
+0to1
# & ' f # & '
l
0to1
d
pipe

#
2
2 g

,
K
0to1
#
2
2g
+ : *
+0to1
#
min
( )
2.66"m
4rom point ! to 2 with only one filter on-line:
K
!
K
tee
5K
el(o)
+ 2K
glo(e
+ K
filterUnplugged
+ : K
!
3,.5
*
+1to2!
# & ' f # & '
l
1to2
d
pipe

#
2
2 g

,
K
!
#
2
2g
+ : *
+1to2!
#
min
( )
6.0"2m
4rom point 2 to ":
K
2to3
K
tee
K
glo(e
+ 2K
el(o)
+ : K
0to1
10.5
*
+2to3
# & ' f # & '
l
2to3
d
pipe

#
2
2 g

,
K
2to3
#
2
2g
+ : *
+2to3
#
min
( )
3.3m
+ernoulli from point 0 to point ":
z
tankBottom
z
tank
+ *ead
pump
+
p
3
g
#
3
2
2g
+ z
3
+ *
+0to1
+ *
+1to2
+ *
+2to3
+
for the purposes of determining the system curve:
z
tank
10m :
The system curve is basically everything in +ernoulli besides the head from the pump3 therefore:
*ead
s-stem
# & '
p
3min
g
#
2
2g
+ z
3
+ *
+0to1
# & ' + *
+1to2!
# & ' + *
+2to3
# & ' + z
tankBottom
z
tank

,
:
0 200 00 600
20
32

56
6"
"0
%2
10
116
12"
10
*ead
s-stem
# & '
ft
Q # & '
gal
min
0 50 100 150
5
".5
12
15.5
1%
22.5
26
2%.5
33
36.5
0
*ead
s-stem
# & '
m
Q # & '
m
3
*r
'ow that we have the system curve3 we simply need to determine which pump curve will match up so
that we meet the minimum system re/uirements. I will approach this by drawing a vertical line through
my system curve at the minimum flowrate to see which pump will work at that point. It is important to
remember that we will also need to plan for the filters plugging up3 so we need to build some safety
margin into our selection.
&t the minimum flowrate3 it looks like our system curve re/uires a head of
appro:imately !>.# meters from the pump. This re/uires an .D impeller
si2e.
Q'
min
".6
m
3
*r

Q'
min
213.%,%
gal
min

6ontinuing up the system curve to where it intersects with the . inch impeller then predicts an
operating point of #B m$"%hr and a head of 22 meters3 an efficiency of ,,E and a B.# hp motor
re/uired. 71e must plan for parallel flow operation3 which will re/uire !0 hp5.
Q
one.ilterK15
5,
m
3
*r
: therefore: #
one.ilterK15
Q
one.ilterK15
!rea
:
22m ,2.1," ft
the system velocity with one filter
on-line with 89!#:
#
one.ilterK15
1.%2"
m
s

Q
one.ilterK15
250.%63
gal
min

Therefore3 the differential pressure across the filter is:
dp
filterK15
K
filterUnplugged
#
one.ilterK15
2

2
: dp
filterK15
35.121 kPa
dp
filterK15
5.0% psi
In order to determine the minimum tank level to prevent cavitation3 we must determine the head at the inlet
of the pump at the predicted velocity with one filter on-line and 89!#:
+ernoulli from point 0 to point 2:
z
tankBottom
z
tank
+
p
2
g
#
2
2
2g
+ *
+0to1
+ *
+1to2
+
4rom the pump curves3 we see that at #!.# m$"%hr3 we need appro:imately " meters of head at point 2:
*ead
2re/
3m :
therefore:
z
tank$e/0ne.ilterK15
# & ' *ead
2re/
#
2
2g
+ *
+0to1
# & ' + *
+1to2!
# & ' + z
tankBottom
:
z
tank$e/0ne.ilterK15
#
one.ilterK15
( )
13.2%1m z
tank$e/0ne.ilterK15
#
one.ilterK15
( )
3.60, ft
In order to determine the ma:imum allowed differential pressure across the filter to still meet system
re/uirements when only one filter is on-line 7=I'T: 8 no longer is e/ual to !# because the filter has
started to plug up with crud53 we will need to find the intersection of the pump curve with the minimum
re/uired flowrate condition 70. m$"%hr5 therefore the pump head at that condition is 2" meters.
8nowing that tells us that the system curve must also be e/ual to 2" meters at that point3 which gives
us the ability to solve for 8 of the filter. 4or this case3 I will use the solver for simplicity.
*ead
s-stemPlugged
23m :
Initial guess
K
plugged
30 : *ead
s-stemPlugged
,5.5% ft
1i2en
*ead
s-stemPlugged
p
3min
g
#
min
2
2g
+ z
3
+ *
+0to1
#
min
( )
+ f #
min
( )
l
1to2
d
pipe

#
min
2
2 g

,
K
plugged
#
min
2
2g
+

1
1
1
]
+
*
+2to3
#
min
( )
z
tankBottom
z
tank
+
...
K
plugged
.ind K
plugged
( )
: K
plugged
66.516
#
min
1.6
m
s

Therefore:
dp
plugged
K
plugged

#
min
2
2
:
dp
plugged
113.221 kPa dp
plugged
16.21 psi
1ith both filters on-line3 the velocity from ! to 2 is not the same3 therefore the head loss is not the
same3 which changes the entire system curve. (o3 we must now recalculate our system curve with the
parallel flow paths. This analysis can be greatly simplified. +y applying continuity3 knowing the two
paths are identical allows us to predict that half the flow and therefore half the velocity will go through
each path3 which will allow us to simply change the velocity in the loop to !%2 the total velocity and use
the basic same e/uation for our system e/uation3 e:cept half the velocity in the loop.
*ead
s-stemParallel
# & '
p
3min
g
#
2
2g
+ z
3
+ *
+0to1
# & ' + *
+1to2!
#
2

,
+ *
+2to3
# & ' + z
tankBottom
z
tank

,
:
(o3 showing both system curves together for comparison sake:
0 50 100 150
5
".5
12
15.5
1%
22.5
26
2%.5
33
36.5
0
*ead
s-stem
# & '
m
*ead
s-stemParallel
# & '
Q # & '
m
3
*r
0 200 00 600
20
32

56
6"
"0
%2
10
116
12"
10
*ead
s-stem
# & '
ft
*ead
s-stemParallel
# & '
ft
Q # & '
gal
min
The new intersection with the pump curve then becomes: B! m$"%hr3 with a head of 22 m3 ,,E efficiency
7re/uiring the !0 hp motor5.
Q
parallel
,1
m
3
*r
: #
parallel
Q
parallel
!rea
: #
parallel
2.01
m
s
Q
parallel
312.60
gal
min

*ead
2re/
3m :
therefore:
z
tank$e/Parallel
# & ' *ead
2re/
#
2
2g
+ *
+0to1
# & ' + *
+1to2!
#
2

,
+ z
tankBottom
:
z
tank$e/Parallel
#
parallel
( )
10.0%m