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:
: Shear d
: Punching ) (d/2


Foundation Reinforcement

% )
(

Concrete Dimensions

x x
) (qna<3 )( qna1kg/cm2
.
.

Foundation Plain Concrete

:
- :

- :

.

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Square Isolated footing

Design a square footing to support a column 0.4 m x 0.4 m reinforced by 8 16 carries a load of 80t . the net
allowable soil pressure is 1.25 kg/cm2 . Use the working stresses method .Take fc = 55 kg/cm2 ,fs=1400 kg/cm2 , qsh
= 6 kg/cm2 , qp = 8 kg/cm2 , and 20 cm plain concrete.

Solution:
A = P/qna = 80/12.5 = 6.4 m2
B = A = 2.53 m 2.6 m
80
q=
= 11.83 t/ m2
2.6 * 2.6
B b 2.6 0.4
C =
=
= 1.1m
2
2
Maximum bending moment at the columnface
d = k1

M
B

(American Codes)

18.6x 105
= 0.334
= 28.2cm
260
d = k1

M
(Contenental codes)
b + 20cm

18.6x 105
= 58.8cm
(40 + 20)

Take d = 43 cm , t = 50 cm (7cm cover)
M
18.6x 105
As =
=
= 35.3cm 2
K 2d 1227x 43
Choose 18 16 each side (36.2 cm2 )
Check minimum percentage of steel
A
36.2
= s =
= 0.0032 > 0.002 Safe
Ac 260x 43
= 0.334

Check punching
Qp=qp x Area of critical punching sec.(at d/2 from face of col.)
Qp= qp[B2-(b+d)2] =71.82 t
Qp
71.82x 1000
qp =
=
= 5.03kg / cm 2 < 8kg / cm 2 Safe
db0
43(40 + 43)x 4
Punching Critical Section
Check bond:
Qb= qxBxC = 11.83 x2.6x1.1 = 33.83t
Qb
33.83x 103
qb =
=
= 9.99kg / cm 2 <10 kg/cm2 ( use L shape reinforcement
0.87d O 0.87 x 43x 18 x 1.6
Remark:
If qb <10 kg/cm2 Use L-shape
If qb >10 kg/cm2 Use U-shape
Anchorage Length dd=

As Fs 2.01x 1400
=
= 55.98cm < 110cm
q b
x 1.6x 10

Check shear:
Qsh=qshxArea of shear critical sec.(at distance d from face of col.)
Qsh=q[B2-(B+2d)2] =11.83[(2.6)2-(04+2x0.43)2] =61.19t
61.19x 1000
= 2.82kg / cm 2 Safe
q sh = Q sh / db0 =
43x 4x (40 + 2x 43)

Shear Critical Section

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Square Isolated footing

( )
Redesign the footing in example.1 using 40 cm plain concrete

Solution:
Apc = P/qna = 80/12.5 = 6.4 m2
Bpc= A = 2.53 m 2.6 m
80
q=
= 11.83 t/ m2 < 12 t/m 2
2.6 * 2.6
ft
40
C pc = t
= 0.4
= 0.425m
3f n
3x 11.83
Take C pc =0.4m
BRC = 2.6-2x0.4=1.8m
Use RC footing 1.8x1.8m
q between plain concrete and reinforced concrete
80
=
= 24.69t / m 2
1.8x1.8
CRC = (1.8-0.4)/2 = 0.7 m
Maximum bending moment at the column face
M max = 24.69x1.8x(0.7)2/2=10.89mt
d = k1

= 0.334

d = k1

M
B

(American Codes)

10.89x 105
= 25.99cm
180
M
(Contenental codes)
b + 20cm

10.89x 105
= 45cm
(40 + 20)

Take d = 43 cm , t = 50 cm (7cm cover)
= 0.334

M
10.89x 105
=
= 22.5cm 2
K 2d
1227 x 43
Choose 12 16 each side (36.2 cm2 )
Check minimum percentage of steel
A
24.12
= s =
= 0.0031 > 0.002 Safe
Ac 180x 43
As =

Check punching
Qp=qp x Area of critical punching sec.(at d/2 from face of col.)
Qp= qp[B2-(b+d)2] =62.99 t
Qp
62.99x 1000
qp =
=
= 4.41kg / cm 2 < 8kg / cm 2 Safe
db0
43(40 + 43)x 4
Punching Critical Section
Check bond:
Qb= qxBxC = 11.83 x1.8x0.7 = 31.11t
Qb
33.83x 103
qb =
=
= 13.78kg / cm 2 >10 kg/cm2 (Use U shaped bars for reinforcement)
0.87d O 0.87 x 43x 12 x 1.6
Remark:
If qb<10 kg/cm2 Use L-shape
If qb >10 kg/cm2 Use U-shape

Anchorage Length dd=

As Fs 2.01x 1400
=
= 55.98cm < 70cm
q b
x 1.6x 10

Check shear:
Qsh=qshxArea of shear critical sec.(at distance d from face of col.)
Qsh=q[B2-(B+2d)2] =24.69[(1.8)2-(04+2x0.43)2] =40.8t
40.8x 1000
q sh = Q sh / db0 =
= 1.88kg / cm 2 Safe
43x 4x (40 + 2x 43)

Shear Critical Section

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