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7
A GENERAL EXPRESSION FOR THE QUINTIC LOVELOCK TENSOR
C. C. Briggs
Center for Academic Computing, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802
Monday, March 24, 1997, 10:45:12 PM
Abstract.A general expression is given for the quintic Lovelock tensor as well as for the coefficient of the quintic Lovelock Lagrangian in terms of the Riemann-Christoffel
and Ricci curvature tensors and the Riemann curvature scalar for n-dimensional differentiable manifolds having a general linear connection.
PACS numbers:02.40.-k, 04.20.Cv, 04.20.Fy
This letter provides the interested reader with a general expression for the
quintic Lovelock tensor G
(5)a
b
in terms of the Riemann-Christoffel curvature
tensor
1
R
abc
d
2 (
[a

b]
d
c
+
[a
d
|e|

b]
e
c
+
a
e
b

e
d
c
), (1)
the Ricci curvature tensor
R
a
b
R
ca
bc
= R
ac
bc
= R
ca
cb
+ 2 (
[c
Q
a]
bc
+ S
ca
d
Q
d
bc
), (2)
and the Riemann curvature scalar
R R
a
a
= R
ba
ab
= R
ab
ab
= R
ba
ba
(3)
using anholonomic coordinates for n-dimensional differentiable manifolds
having a general linear connection, where
a
is the Pfaffian derivative,
a
b
c
the connection coefficient,
a
b
c
the object of anholonomity, Q
a
bc
the
non-metricity tensor, and S
ab
c
the torsion tensor.
A general expression for the coefficient L
(5)
of the quintic Lovelock
Lagrangian appears in the appendix.
Suchlike expressions for G
(5)a
b
and L
(5)
seem not to have appeared in the
open literature hitherto, although isomers of the concomitants belonging to
the 73
rd
and 80
th
terms of L
(5)
per Eq. (7) below have appeared in Zanon.
2
In accordance with various general definitions given by Mller-Hoissen
3
and Verwimp,
4
the quintic Lovelock tensor G
(5)a
b
is given by the formula
G
(5)a
b
=
11!
2
6
5

[a
b
R
i
1
i
2
i
1
i
2
R
i
3
i
4
i
3
i
4
R
i
5
i
6
i
5
i
6
R
i
7
i
8
i
7
i
8
R
i
9
i
10
]
i
9
i
10
, (4)
which comprises 39,916,800 unique covariant index permutations, of which
but 596together with numerical coefficientssuffice for rendering a
general expression for G
(5)a
b
, the final result (after substituting contractions
and re-labeling indices) being given by
G
(5)a
b
=
1
10
(
a
b
R
5
+ 40
a
b
R
3
R
d
c
R
c
d
10
a
b
R
3
R
ef
cd
R
cd
ef
160
a
b
R
2
R
d
c
R
e
d
R
c
e
+ 240
a
b
R
2
R
e
c
R
f
d
R
cd
ef
+ 240
a
b
R
2
R
d
c
R
fg
de
R
ce
fg
+ (5)
+ 20
a
b
R
2
R
ef
cd
R
gh
ef
R
cd
gh
80
a
b
R
2
R
eg
cd
R
ch
ef
R
df
gh
240
a
b
R R
d
c
R
c
d
R
f
e
R
e
f
+ 480
a
b
R R
d
c
R
e
d
R
f
e
R
c
f
1920
a
b
R R
d
c
R
f
d
R
g
e
R
ce
fg
+
+ 120
a
b
R R
d
c
R
c
d
R
gh
ef
R
ef
gh
960
a
b
R R
d
c
R
e
d
R
gh
ef
R
cf
gh
480
a
b
R R
e
c
R
f
d
R
gh
ef
R
cd
gh
+ 960
a
b
R R
e
c
R
g
d
R
ch
ef
R
df
gh

960
a
b
R R
e
c
R
g
d
R
dh
ef
R
cf
gh
+ 960
a
b
R R
d
c
R
cf
de
R
hi
fg
R
eg
hi
480
a
b
R R
d
c
R
fg
de
R
hi
fg
R
ce
hi
+ 1920
a
b
R R
d
c
R
fh
de
R
ci
fg
R
eg
hi

15
a
b
R R
ef
cd
R
cd
ef
R
ij
gh
R
gh
ij
+ 240
a
b
R R
ef
cd
R
cg
ef
R
ij
gh
R
dh
ij
30
a
b
R R
ef
cd
R
gh
ef
R
ij
gh
R
cd
ij
+ 480
a
b
R R
ef
cd
R
gi
ef
R
cj
gh
R
dh
ij

240
a
b
R R
eg
cd
R
ci
ef
R
dj
gh
R
fh
ij
+ 480
a
b
R R
eg
cd
R
ci
ef
R
fj
gh
R
dh
ij
+ 640
a
b
R
d
c
R
c
d
R
f
e
R
g
f
R
e
g
768
a
b
R
d
c
R
e
d
R
f
e
R
g
f
R
c
g

960
a
b
R
d
c
R
c
d
R
g
e
R
h
f
R
ef
gh
+ 3840
a
b
R
d
c
R
e
d
R
g
e
R
h
f
R
cf
gh
+ 1920
a
b
R
d
c
R
g
d
R
f
e
R
h
f
R
ce
gh
960
a
b
R
d
c
R
c
d
R
f
e
R
hi
fg
R
eg
hi

160
a
b
R
d
c
R
e
d
R
c
e
R
hi
fg
R
fg
hi
+ 1920
a
b
R
d
c
R
e
d
R
f
e
R
hi
fg
R
cg
hi
+ 1920
a
b
R
d
c
R
f
d
R
g
e
R
hi
fg
R
ce
hi
3840
a
b
R
d
c
R
f
d
R
h
e
R
ci
fg
R
eg
hi
+
+ 3840
a
b
R
d
c
R
f
d
R
h
e
R
ei
fg
R
cg
hi
+ 1920
a
b
R
f
c
R
h
d
R
g
e
R
di
fg
R
ce
hi
+ 3840
a
b
R
f
c
R
h
d
R
i
e
R
cd
fg
R
eg
hi
80
a
b
R
d
c
R
c
d
R
gh
ef
R
ij
gh
R
ef
ij
+
+ 320
a
b
R
d
c
R
c
d
R
gi
ef
R
ej
gh
R
fh
ij
1920
a
b
R
d
c
R
e
d
R
cg
ef
R
ij
gh
R
fh
ij
+ 960
a
b
R
d
c
R
e
d
R
gh
ef
R
ij
gh
R
cf
ij
3840
a
b
R
d
c
R
e
d
R
gi
ef
R
cj
gh
R
fh
ij
+
+ 240
a
b
R
e
c
R
f
d
R
cd
ef
R
ij
gh
R
gh
ij
1920
a
b
R
e
c
R
f
d
R
cg
ef
R
ij
gh
R
dh
ij
+ 480
a
b
R
e
c
R
f
d
R
gh
ef
R
ij
gh
R
cd
ij
1920
a
b
R
e
c
R
f
d
R
gi
ef
R
cj
gh
R
dh
ij

1920
a
b
R
e
c
R
g
d
R
cd
ef
R
ij
gh
R
fh
ij
1920
a
b
R
e
c
R
g
d
R
ch
ef
R
ij
gh
R
df
ij
3840
a
b
R
e
c
R
i
d
R
cg
ef
R
dj
gh
R
fh
ij
+ 1920
a
b
R
e
c
R
i
d
R
cg
ef
R
fj
gh
R
dh
ij
+
+ 3840
a
b
R
e
c
R
i
d
R
dg
ef
R
cj
gh
R
fh
ij
1920
a
b
R
e
c
R
i
d
R
dg
ef
R
fj
gh
R
ch
ij
+ 1920
a
b
R
e
c
R
i
d
R
gh
ef
R
dj
gh
R
cf
ij
+ 1920
a
b
R
e
c
R
i
d
R
gj
ef
R
cd
gh
R
fh
ij
+
+ 1920
a
b
R
d
c
R
cf
de
R
eh
fg
R
jk
hi
R
gi
jk
960
a
b
R
d
c
R
cf
de
R
hi
fg
R
jk
hi
R
eg
jk
+ 3840
a
b
R
d
c
R
cf
de
R
hj
fg
R
ek
hi
R
gi
jk
+
+ 240
a
b
R
d
c
R
fg
de
R
ce
fg
R
jk
hi
R
hi
jk
960
a
b
R
d
c
R
fg
de
R
ch
fg
R
jk
hi
R
ei
jk
+ 960
a
b
R
d
c
R
fg
de
R
eh
fg
R
jk
hi
R
ci
jk
+
+ 480
a
b
R
d
c
R
fg
de
R
hi
fg
R
jk
hi
R
ce
jk
1920
a
b
R
d
c
R
fg
de
R
hj
fg
R
ck
hi
R
ei
jk
1920
a
b
R
d
c
R
fh
de
R
ce
fg
R
jk
hi
R
gi
jk

1920
a
b
R
d
c
R
fh
de
R
ci
fg
R
jk
hi
R
eg
jk
+ 3840
a
b
R
d
c
R
fh
de
R
cj
fg
R
ek
hi
R
gi
jk
3840
a
b
R
d
c
R
fh
de
R
cj
fg
R
gk
hi
R
ei
jk
+
+ 1920
a
b
R
d
c
R
fh
de
R
ei
fg
R
jk
hi
R
cg
jk
+ 3840
a
b
R
d
c
R
fh
de
R
ej
fg
R
gk
hi
R
ci
jk
1920
a
b
R
d
c
R
fh
de
R
ij
fg
R
gk
hi
R
ce
jk
+
+ 20
a
b
R
ef
cd
R
cd
ef
R
ij
gh
R
kl
ij
R
gh
kl
80
a
b
R
ef
cd
R
cd
ef
R
ik
gh
R
gl
ij
R
hj
kl
+ 480
a
b
R
ef
cd
R
cg
ef
R
di
gh
R
kl
ij
R
hj
kl

480
a
b
R
ef
cd
R
cg
ef
R
ij
gh
R
kl
ij
R
dh
kl
+ 1920
a
b
R
ef
cd
R
cg
ef
R
ik
gh
R
dl
ij
R
hj
kl
+ 24
a
b
R
ef
cd
R
gh
ef
R
ij
gh
R
kl
ij
R
cd
kl

480
a
b
R
ef
cd
R
gh
ef
R
ik
gh
R
cl
ij
R
dj
kl
480
a
b
R
ef
cd
R
gi
ef
R
cj
gh
R
kl
ij
R
dh
kl
+ 960
a
b
R
ef
cd
R
gi
ef
R
ck
gh
R
dl
ij
R
hj
kl

1920
a
b
R
ef
cd
R
gi
ef
R
ck
gh
R
hl
ij
R
dj
kl
+ 1920
a
b
R
eg
cd
R
ch
ef
R
ik
gh
R
dl
ij
R
fj
kl
384
a
b
R
eg
cd
R
ci
ef
R
dk
gh
R
fl
ij
R
hj
kl
+
+ 1920
a
b
R
eg
cd
R
ci
ef
R
dk
gh
R
hl
ij
R
fj
kl
1920
a
b
R
eg
cd
R
ci
ef
R
fk
gh
R
hl
ij
R
dj
kl
768
a
b
R
eg
cd
R
hi
ef
R
jk
gh
R
cl
ij
R
df
kl
+ 10 R
a
b
R
4
80 R
a
c
R
3
R
c
b

240 R
a
b
R
2
R
d
c
R
c
d
+ 480 R
a
c
R
2
R
d
b
R
c
d
480 R
a
c
R
2
R
e
d
R
cd
be
+ 60 R
a
b
R
2
R
ef
cd
R
cd
ef
240 R
a
c
R
2
R
ef
bd
R
cd
ef
+ 640 R
a
b
R R
d
c
R
e
d
R
c
e
+
+ 960 R
a
c
R R
c
b
R
e
d
R
d
e
1920 R
a
c
R R
d
b
R
e
d
R
c
e
960 R
a
b
R R
e
c
R
f
d
R
cd
ef
+ 1920 R
a
c
R R
e
b
R
f
d
R
cd
ef
+ 1920 R
a
c
R R
e
d
R
f
e
R
cd
bf

1920 R
a
c
R R
f
d
R
c
e
R
de
bf
960 R
a
b
R R
d
c
R
fg
de
R
ce
fg
240 R
a
c
R R
c
b
R
fg
de
R
de
fg
+ 960 R
a
c
R R
d
b
R
fg
de
R
ce
fg
+ 960 R
a
c
R R
c
d
R
fg
be
R
de
fg
+
+ 960 R
a
c
R R
e
d
R
fg
be
R
cd
fg
1920 R
a
c
R R
f
d
R
cg
be
R
de
fg
+ 1920 R
a
c
R R
f
d
R
dg
be
R
ce
fg
80 R
a
b
R R
ef
cd
R
gh
ef
R
cd
gh
+
+ 320 R
a
b
R R
eg
cd
R
ch
ef
R
df
gh
960 R
a
c
R R
ce
bd
R
gh
ef
R
df
gh
+ 480 R
a
c
R R
ef
bd
R
gh
ef
R
cd
gh
+ 1920 R
a
c
R R
eg
bd
R
dh
ef
R
cf
gh
+
+ 480 R
a
b
R
d
c
R
c
d
R
f
e
R
e
f
960 R
a
b
R
d
c
R
e
d
R
f
e
R
c
f
1280 R
a
c
R
c
b
R
e
d
R
f
e
R
d
f
1920 R
a
c
R
d
b
R
c
d
R
f
e
R
e
f
+ 3840 R
a
c
R
d
b
R
e
d
R
f
e
R
c
f
+
+ 3840 R
a
b
R
d
c
R
f
d
R
g
e
R
ce
fg
+ 1920 R
a
c
R
c
b
R
f
d
R
g
e
R
de
fg
3840 R
a
c
R
d
b
R
f
d
R
g
e
R
ce
fg
3840 R
a
c
R
f
b
R
e
d
R
g
e
R
cd
fg
+
1
Schouten, J. A., Ricci Calculus, Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1954), p. 171.
2
Zanon, D., Superstring Effective Actions and the Central Charge of the Virasoro Algebra on a Khler Manifold, Phys. Lett., 186B (1987) 309.
3
Mller-Hoissen, F., Spontaneous Compactification with Quadratic and Cubic Curvature Terms, Phys. Lett., 163B (1985) 106; From Chern-Simons to Gauss-Bonnet, Nucl. Phys.,
B346 (1990) 235.
4
Verwimp, T., On higher dimensional gravity: the Lagrangian, its dimensional reduction and a cosmological model, Class. Quantum Grav., 6 (1989) 1655.
2 Monday, March 24, 1997, 10:45:12 PM
+ 3840 R
a
c
R
f
b
R
g
d
R
c
e
R
de
fg
3840 R
a
c
R
c
d
R
f
e
R
g
f
R
de
bg
3840 R
a
c
R
e
d
R
f
e
R
g
f
R
cd
bg
+ 3840 R
a
c
R
g
d
R
f
e
R
c
f
R
de
bg
+
+ 1920 R
a
c
R
g
d
R
f
e
R
e
f
R
cd
bg
240 R
a
b
R
d
c
R
c
d
R
gh
ef
R
ef
gh
+ 1920 R
a
b
R
d
c
R
e
d
R
gh
ef
R
cf
gh
+ 960 R
a
b
R
e
c
R
f
d
R
gh
ef
R
cd
gh

1920 R
a
b
R
e
c
R
g
d
R
ch
ef
R
df
gh
+ 1920 R
a
b
R
e
c
R
g
d
R
dh
ef
R
cf
gh
+ 1920 R
a
c
R
c
b
R
e
d
R
gh
ef
R
df
gh
+ 480 R
a
c
R
d
b
R
c
d
R
gh
ef
R
ef
gh

1920 R
a
c
R
d
b
R
e
d
R
gh
ef
R
cf
gh
1920 R
a
c
R
e
b
R
c
d
R
gh
ef
R
df
gh
1920 R
a
c
R
e
b
R
f
d
R
gh
ef
R
cd
gh
+ 3840 R
a
c
R
e
b
R
g
d
R
ch
ef
R
df
gh

3840 R
a
c
R
e
b
R
g
d
R
dh
ef
R
cf
gh
+ 3840 R
a
c
R
c
d
R
g
e
R
dh
bf
R
ef
gh
1920 R
a
c
R
e
d
R
c
e
R
gh
bf
R
df
gh
+ 960 R
a
c
R
e
d
R
d
e
R
gh
bf
R
cf
gh

1920 R
a
c
R
e
d
R
f
e
R
gh
bf
R
cd
gh
+ 3840 R
a
c
R
e
d
R
g
e
R
ch
bf
R
df
gh
3840 R
a
c
R
e
d
R
g
e
R
dh
bf
R
cf
gh
+ 1920 R
a
c
R
f
d
R
c
e
R
gh
bf
R
de
gh

3840 R
a
c
R
f
d
R
g
e
R
ch
bf
R
de
gh
+ 3840 R
a
c
R
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d
R
g
e
R
dh
bf
R
ce
gh
3840 R
a
c
R
g
d
R
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e
R
dh
bf
R
ef
gh
3840 R
a
c
R
g
d
R
f
e
R
dh
bf
R
ce
gh

3840 R
a
c
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d
R
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e
R
cd
bf
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ef
gh
1920 R
a
c
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d
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e
R
de
bf
R
cf
gh
1920 R
a
b
R
d
c
R
cf
de
R
hi
fg
R
eg
hi
+ 960 R
a
b
R
d
c
R
fg
de
R
hi
fg
R
ce
hi

3840 R
a
b
R
d
c
R
fh
de
R
ci
fg
R
eg
hi
+ 160 R
a
c
R
c
b
R
fg
de
R
hi
fg
R
de
hi
640 R
a
c
R
c
b
R
fh
de
R
di
fg
R
eg
hi
+ 1920 R
a
c
R
d
b
R
cf
de
R
hi
fg
R
eg
hi

960 R
a
c
R
d
b
R
fg
de
R
hi
fg
R
ce
hi
3840 R
a
c
R
d
b
R
fh
de
R
ei
fg
R
cg
hi
+ 1920 R
a
c
R
c
d
R
df
be
R
hi
fg
R
eg
hi
960 R
a
c
R
c
d
R
fg
be
R
hi
fg
R
de
hi

3840 R
a
c
R
c
d
R
fh
be
R
ei
fg
R
dg
hi
480 R
a
c
R
e
d
R
cd
be
R
hi
fg
R
fg
hi
+ 1920 R
a
c
R
e
d
R
cf
be
R
hi
fg
R
dg
hi
1920 R
a
c
R
e
d
R
df
be
R
hi
fg
R
cg
hi

960 R
a
c
R
e
d
R
fg
be
R
hi
fg
R
cd
hi
+ 3840 R
a
c
R
e
d
R
fh
be
R
ci
fg
R
dg
hi
+ 1920 R
a
c
R
f
d
R
cd
be
R
hi
fg
R
eg
hi
+ 1920 R
a
c
R
f
d
R
cg
be
R
hi
fg
R
de
hi

1920 R
a
c
R
f
d
R
dg
be
R
hi
fg
R
ce
hi
+ 3840 R
a
c
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d
R
gh
be
R
ei
fg
R
cd
hi
+ 3840 R
a
c
R
h
d
R
cf
be
R
di
fg
R
eg
hi
3840 R
a
c
R
h
d
R
cf
be
R
ei
fg
R
dg
hi

3840 R
a
c
R
h
d
R
df
be
R
ci
fg
R
eg
hi
+ 3840 R
a
c
R
h
d
R
df
be
R
ei
fg
R
cg
hi
+ 1920 R
a
c
R
h
d
R
fg
be
R
ci
fg
R
de
hi
1920 R
a
c
R
h
d
R
fg
be
R
di
fg
R
ce
hi
+
+ 1920 R
a
c
R
h
d
R
fg
be
R
ei
fg
R
cd
hi
+ 3840 R
a
c
R
h
d
R
fi
be
R
ce
fg
R
dg
hi
3840 R
a
c
R
h
d
R
fi
be
R
de
fg
R
cg
hi
+ 30 R
a
b
R
ef
cd
R
cd
ef
R
ij
gh
R
gh
ij

480 R
a
b
R
ef
cd
R
cg
ef
R
ij
gh
R
dh
ij
+ 60 R
a
b
R
ef
cd
R
gh
ef
R
ij
gh
R
cd
ij
960 R
a
b
R
ef
cd
R
gi
ef
R
cj
gh
R
dh
ij
+ 480 R
a
b
R
eg
cd
R
ci
ef
R
dj
gh
R
fh
ij

960 R
a
b
R
eg
cd
R
ci
ef
R
fj
gh
R
dh
ij
1920 R
a
c
R
ce
bd
R
dg
ef
R
ij
gh
R
fh
ij
+ 960 R
a
c
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ce
bd
R
gh
ef
R
ij
gh
R
df
ij
3840 R
a
c
R
ce
bd
R
gi
ef
R
dj
gh
R
fh
ij

240 R
a
c
R
ef
bd
R
cd
ef
R
ij
gh
R
gh
ij
+ 960 R
a
c
R
ef
bd
R
cg
ef
R
ij
gh
R
dh
ij
960 R
a
c
R
ef
bd
R
dg
ef
R
ij
gh
R
ch
ij
480 R
a
c
R
ef
bd
R
gh
ef
R
ij
gh
R
cd
ij

1920 R
a
c
R
ef
bd
R
gi
ef
R
dj
gh
R
ch
ij
+ 1920 R
a
c
R
eg
bd
R
cd
ef
R
ij
gh
R
fh
ij
+ 1920 R
a
c
R
eg
bd
R
ch
ef
R
ij
gh
R
df
ij
1920 R
a
c
R
eg
bd
R
dh
ef
R
ij
gh
R
cf
ij
+
+ 3840 R
a
c
R
eg
bd
R
di
ef
R
cj
gh
R
fh
ij
3840 R
a
c
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eg
bd
R
di
ef
R
fj
gh
R
ch
ij
+ 3840 R
a
c
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eg
bd
R
hi
ef
R
cj
gh
R
df
ij
+ 1920 R
a
c
R
eg
bd
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ef
R
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gh
R
cd
ij
+
+ 80 R
ad
bc
R
3
R
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d
+ 40 R
ae
cd
R
3
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cd
be
480 R
ad
bc
R
2
R
e
d
R
c
e
480 R
ae
cd
R
2
R
c
b
R
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e
+ 480 R
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bc
R
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f
d
R
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ef
+ 240 R
ae
cd
R
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b
R
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ef

240 R
ae
cd
R
2
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f
e
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cd
bf
+ 480 R
af
cd
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+ 240 R
ad
bc
R
2
R
fg
de
R
ce
fg
120 R
ae
cd
R
2
R
fg
be
R
cd
fg
+ 480 R
af
cd
R
2
R
cg
be
R
de
fg

960 R
ad
bc
R R
c
d
R
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e
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+ 1920 R
ad
bc
R R
e
d
R
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e
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+ 1920 R
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cd
R R
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R
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+ 1920 R
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cd
R R
e
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R
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e
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1920 R
ad
bc
R R
f
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R
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e
R
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fg

1920 R
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bc
R R
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R
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e
R
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fg
1920 R
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bc
R R
e
d
R
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e
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fg
+ 960 R
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cd
R R
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e
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fg
1920 R
af
cd
R R
c
b
R
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e
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fg

960 R
af
cd
R R
e
b
R
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e
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fg
+ 1920 R
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R R
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R
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fg
+ 960 R
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cd
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bg
1920 R
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cd
R R
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e
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+
+ 1920 R
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R R
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+ 960 R
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cd
R R
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1920 R
ag
cd
R R
f
e
R
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bg
480 R
ag
cd
R R
f
e
R
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f
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bg
+
+ 240 R
ad
bc
R R
c
d
R
gh
ef
R
ef
gh
960 R
ad
bc
R R
e
d
R
gh
ef
R
cf
gh
960 R
ae
bc
R R
c
d
R
gh
ef
R
df
gh
960 R
ae
bc
R R
f
d
R
gh
ef
R
cd
gh
+
+ 1920 R
ae
bc
R R
g
d
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ef
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gh
1920 R
ae
bc
R R
g
d
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dh
ef
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cf
gh
960 R
ae
cd
R R
c
b
R
gh
ef
R
df
gh
480 R
ae
cd
R R
f
b
R
gh
ef
R
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gh

1920 R
ag
cd
R R
e
b
R
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ef
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gh
+ 960 R
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R R
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e
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bf
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gh
+ 480 R
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cd
R R
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e
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R
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gh
1920 R
ae
cd
R R
g
e
R
ch
bf
R
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gh

960 R
af
cd
R R
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e
R
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gh
+ 1920 R
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R R
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R
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gh
+ 960 R
af
cd
R R
g
e
R
eh
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gh
+ 1920 R
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R R
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e
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dh
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gh

1920 R
ag
cd
R R
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e
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eh
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gh
1920 R
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R R
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gh
960 R
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R R
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e
R
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gh
+ 960 R
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R R
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e
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bf
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gh

1920 R
ag
cd
R R
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e
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gh
+ 960 R
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R R
cf
de
R
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fg
R
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hi
480 R
ad
bc
R R
fg
de
R
hi
fg
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ce
hi
+ 1920 R
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bc
R R
fh
de
R
ci
fg
R
eg
hi
+
+ 120 R
ae
cd
R R
cd
be
R
hi
fg
R
fg
hi
960 R
ae
cd
R R
cf
be
R
hi
fg
R
dg
hi
+ 240 R
ae
cd
R R
fg
be
R
hi
fg
R
cd
hi
960 R
ae
cd
R R
fh
be
R
ci
fg
R
dg
hi

480 R
af
cd
R R
cd
be
R
hi
fg
R
eg
hi
960 R
af
cd
R R
cg
be
R
hi
fg
R
de
hi
960 R
af
cd
R R
gh
be
R
ei
fg
R
cd
hi
1920 R
ah
cd
R R
cf
be
R
di
fg
R
eg
hi
+
+ 1920 R
ah
cd
R R
cf
be
R
ei
fg
R
dg
hi
960 R
ah
cd
R R
fg
be
R
ci
fg
R
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hi
480 R
ah
cd
R R
fg
be
R
ei
fg
R
cd
hi
1920 R
ah
cd
R R
fi
be
R
ce
fg
R
dg
hi
+
+ 1280 R
ad
bc
R
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d
R
f
e
R
g
f
R
e
g
+ 1920 R
ad
bc
R
e
d
R
c
e
R
g
f
R
f
g
3840 R
ad
bc
R
e
d
R
f
e
R
g
f
R
c
g
+ 1920 R
ae
cd
R
c
b
R
d
e
R
g
f
R
f
g

3840 R
ae
cd
R
c
b
R
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e
R
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g
3840 R
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cd
R
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b
R
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e
R
g
f
R
d
g
3840 R
ag
cd
R
e
b
R
f
e
R
c
f
R
d
g
1920 R
ad
bc
R
c
d
R
g
e
R
h
f
R
ef
gh
+
+ 3840 R
ad
bc
R
e
d
R
g
e
R
h
f
R
cf
gh
+ 3840 R
ad
bc
R
g
d
R
c
e
R
h
f
R
ef
gh
+ 3840 R
ad
bc
R
g
d
R
f
e
R
h
f
R
ce
gh
+ 3840 R
ag
bc
R
c
d
R
f
e
R
h
f
R
de
gh
+
+ 3840 R
ag
bc
R
e
d
R
f
e
R
h
f
R
cd
gh
3840 R
ag
bc
R
h
d
R
f
e
R
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f
R
de
gh
1920 R
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R
h
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R
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e
R
e
f
R
cd
gh
+ 3840 R
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R
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g
e
R
h
f
R
df
gh

1920 R
ae
cd
R
g
b
R
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R
h
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R
cd
gh
1920 R
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cd
R
e
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R
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e
R
h
f
R
cd
gh
+ 3840 R
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R
g
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e
R
h
f
R
de
gh
3840 R
af
cd
R
g
b
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R
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f
R
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gh
+
+ 3840 R
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cd
R
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R
d
e
R
h
f
R
ef
gh
+ 3840 R
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cd
R
c
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R
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e
R
h
f
R
de
gh
+ 3840 R
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R
e
b
R
c
e
R
h
f
R
df
gh
+ 1920 R
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cd
R
e
b
R
f
e
R
h
f
R
cd
gh

3840 R
ag
cd
R
e
b
R
h
e
R
c
f
R
df
gh
+ 1920 R
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cd
R
h
b
R
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e
R
d
f
R
ef
gh
3840 R
ag
cd
R
h
b
R
f
e
R
c
f
R
de
gh
960 R
ag
cd
R
h
b
R
f
e
R
e
f
R
cd
gh

1920 R
ae
cd
R
f
e
R
g
f
R
h
g
R
cd
bh
+ 960 R
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cd
R
h
e
R
g
f
R
f
g
R
cd
bh
+ 3840 R
af
cd
R
c
e
R
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f
R
h
g
R
de
bh
3840 R
af
cd
R
g
e
R
c
f
R
h
g
R
de
bh
+
+ 3840 R
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cd
R
g
e
R
h
f
R
c
g
R
de
bh
3840 R
af
cd
R
h
e
R
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f
R
c
g
R
de
bh
1920 R
ag
cd
R
c
e
R
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f
R
h
g
R
ef
bh
3840 R
ag
cd
R
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bh

3840 R
ah
cd
R
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R
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g
R
ef
bh
1920 R
ah
cd
R
c
e
R
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f
R
f
g
R
de
bh
+ 3840 R
ah
cd
R
f
e
R
g
f
R
c
g
R
de
bh
+ 640 R
ah
cd
R
f
e
R
g
f
R
e
g
R
cd
bh

1920 R
ad
bc
R
c
d
R
f
e
R
hi
fg
R
eg
hi
480 R
ad
bc
R
e
d
R
c
e
R
hi
fg
R
fg
hi
+ 1920 R
ad
bc
R
e
d
R
f
e
R
hi
fg
R
cg
hi
+ 1920 R
ad
bc
R
f
d
R
c
e
R
hi
fg
R
eg
hi
+
+ 1920 R
ad
bc
R
f
d
R
g
e
R
hi
fg
R
ce
hi
3840 R
ad
bc
R
f
d
R
h
e
R
ci
fg
R
eg
hi
+ 3840 R
ad
bc
R
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R
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R
ei
fg
R
cg
hi
+ 1920 R
af
bc
R
c
d
R
g
e
R
hi
fg
R
de
hi

3840 R
af
bc
R
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d
R
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e
R
di
fg
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hi
+ 1920 R
af
bc
R
e
d
R
c
e
R
hi
fg
R
dg
hi
960 R
af
bc
R
e
d
R
d
e
R
hi
fg
R
cg
hi
+ 1920 R
af
bc
R
e
d
R
g
e
R
hi
fg
R
cd
hi

3840 R
af
bc
R
e
d
R
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R
ci
fg
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dg
hi
+ 3840 R
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R
e
d
R
h
e
R
di
fg
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cg
hi
+ 3840 R
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bc
R
g
d
R
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fg
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hi
3840 R
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bc
R
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fg
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hi
+
Monday, March 24, 1997, 10:45:12 PM 3
+ 3840 R
af
bc
R
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R
c
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R
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fg
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hi
+ 3840 R
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bc
R
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R
g
e
R
di
fg
R
ce
hi
+ 3840 R
af
bc
R
h
d
R
i
e
R
cd
fg
R
eg
hi
+ 1920 R
af
bc
R
h
d
R
i
e
R
de
fg
R
cg
hi

480 R
ae
cd
R
c
b
R
d
e
R
hi
fg
R
fg
hi
+ 1920 R
ae
cd
R
c
b
R
f
e
R
hi
fg
R
dg
hi
1920 R
ae
cd
R
f
b
R
c
e
R
hi
fg
R
dg
hi
960 R
ae
cd
R
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b
R
g
e
R
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fg
R
cd
hi
+
+ 3840 R
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cd
R
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R
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R
ci
fg
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dg
hi
+ 1920 R
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cd
R
c
b
R
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e
R
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fg
R
eg
hi
+ 1920 R
af
cd
R
c
b
R
g
e
R
hi
fg
R
de
hi
3840 R
af
cd
R
c
b
R
h
e
R
di
fg
R
eg
hi
+
+ 3840 R
af
cd
R
c
b
R
h
e
R
ei
fg
R
dg
hi
+ 1920 R
af
cd
R
e
b
R
c
e
R
hi
fg
R
dg
hi
+ 960 R
af
cd
R
e
b
R
g
e
R
hi
fg
R
cd
hi
1920 R
af
cd
R
g
b
R
c
e
R
hi
fg
R
de
hi
+
+ 3840 R
af
cd
R
g
b
R
h
e
R
ci
fg
R
de
hi
+ 1920 R
af
cd
R
g
b
R
h
e
R
ei
fg
R
cd
hi
+ 3840 R
ah
cd
R
e
b
R
f
e
R
ci
fg
R
dg
hi
3840 R
ah
cd
R
f
b
R
c
e
R
di
fg
R
eg
hi
+
+ 3840 R
ah
cd
R
f
b
R
c
e
R
ei
fg
R
dg
hi
+ 3840 R
ah
cd
R
f
b
R
g
e
R
ci
fg
R
de
hi
+ 1920 R
ah
cd
R
f
b
R
g
e
R
ei
fg
R
cd
hi
1920 R
ah
cd
R
f
b
R
i
e
R
cd
fg
R
eg
hi
+
+ 3840 R
ah
cd
R
f
b
R
i
e
R
ce
fg
R
dg
hi
+ 3840 R
ae
cd
R
c
e
R
h
f
R
di
bg
R
fg
hi
1920 R
ae
cd
R
f
e
R
c
f
R
hi
bg
R
dg
hi
960 R
ae
cd
R
f
e
R
g
f
R
hi
bg
R
cd
hi
+
+ 3840 R
ae
cd
R
f
e
R
h
f
R
ci
bg
R
dg
hi
3840 R
ae
cd
R
g
e
R
h
f
R
ci
bg
R
df
hi
3840 R
ae
cd
R
h
e
R
c
f
R
di
bg
R
fg
hi
+ 3840 R
ae
cd
R
h
e
R
g
f
R
ci
bg
R
df
hi

1920 R
ae
cd
R
h
e
R
i
f
R
cd
bg
R
fg
hi
+ 1920 R
af
cd
R
c
e
R
d
f
R
hi
bg
R
eg
hi
+ 1920 R
af
cd
R
c
e
R
g
f
R
hi
bg
R
de
hi
+ 3840 R
af
cd
R
c
e
R
h
f
R
ei
bg
R
dg
hi

1920 R
af
cd
R
g
e
R
c
f
R
hi
bg
R
de
hi
+ 1920 R
af
cd
R
g
e
R
h
f
R
ei
bg
R
cd
hi
3840 R
af
cd
R
h
e
R
c
f
R
ei
bg
R
dg
hi
1920 R
af
cd
R
h
e
R
g
f
R
ei
bg
R
cd
hi

3840 R
af
cd
R
h
e
R
i
f
R
ce
bg
R
dg
hi
960 R
ag
cd
R
c
e
R
d
f
R
hi
bg
R
ef
hi
+ 3840 R
ag
cd
R
c
e
R
h
f
R
di
bg
R
ef
hi
3840 R
ag
cd
R
c
e
R
h
f
R
ei
bg
R
df
hi
+
+ 1920 R
ag
cd
R
f
e
R
c
f
R
hi
bg
R
de
hi
+ 480 R
ag
cd
R
f
e
R
e
f
R
hi
bg
R
cd
hi
3840 R
ag
cd
R
f
e
R
h
f
R
ci
bg
R
de
hi
1920 R
ag
cd
R
f
e
R
h
f
R
ei
bg
R
cd
hi
+
+ 3840 R
ag
cd
R
h
e
R
c
f
R
ei
bg
R
df
hi
960 R
ag
cd
R
h
e
R
i
f
R
cd
bg
R
ef
hi
+ 3840 R
ag
cd
R
h
e
R
i
f
R
ce
bg
R
df
hi
960 R
ag
cd
R
h
e
R
i
f
R
ef
bg
R
cd
hi
+
+ 3840 R
ah
cd
R
c
e
R
d
f
R
ei
bg
R
fg
hi
+ 3840 R
ah
cd
R
c
e
R
g
f
R
ei
bg
R
df
hi
+ 3840 R
ah
cd
R
c
e
R
i
f
R
de
bg
R
fg
hi
+ 3840 R
ah
cd
R
c
e
R
i
f
R
ef
bg
R
dg
hi

3840 R
ah
cd
R
f
e
R
c
f
R
di
bg
R
eg
hi
+ 3840 R
ah
cd
R
f
e
R
c
f
R
ei
bg
R
dg
hi
1920 R
ah
cd
R
f
e
R
e
f
R
ci
bg
R
dg
hi
+ 3840 R
ah
cd
R
f
e
R
g
f
R
ci
bg
R
de
hi
+
+ 1920 R
ah
cd
R
f
e
R
g
f
R
ei
bg
R
cd
hi
1920 R
ah
cd
R
f
e
R
i
f
R
cd
bg
R
eg
hi
+ 3840 R
ah
cd
R
f
e
R
i
f
R
ce
bg
R
dg
hi
+ 3840 R
ah
cd
R
g
e
R
c
f
R
di
bg
R
ef
hi

3840 R
ah
cd
R
g
e
R
c
f
R
ei
bg
R
df
hi
+ 1920 R
ah
cd
R
g
e
R
i
f
R
cd
bg
R
ef
hi
3840 R
ah
cd
R
g
e
R
i
f
R
ce
bg
R
df
hi
+ 1920 R
ah
cd
R
g
e
R
i
f
R
ef
bg
R
cd
hi

3840 R
ah
cd
R
i
e
R
c
f
R
de
bg
R
fg
hi
+ 3840 R
ah
cd
R
i
e
R
g
f
R
ce
bg
R
df
hi
160 R
ad
bc
R
c
d
R
gh
ef
R
ij
gh
R
ef
ij
+ 640 R
ad
bc
R
c
d
R
gi
ef
R
ej
gh
R
fh
ij

1920 R
ad
bc
R
e
d
R
cg
ef
R
ij
gh
R
fh
ij
+ 960 R
ad
bc
R
e
d
R
gh
ef
R
ij
gh
R
cf
ij
3840 R
ad
bc
R
e
d
R
gi
ef
R
cj
gh
R
fh
ij
1920 R
ae
bc
R
c
d
R
dg
ef
R
ij
gh
R
fh
ij
+
+ 960 R
ae
bc
R
c
d
R
gh
ef
R
ij
gh
R
df
ij
+ 3840 R
ae
bc
R
c
d
R
gi
ef
R
fj
gh
R
dh
ij
+ 480 R
ae
bc
R
f
d
R
cd
ef
R
ij
gh
R
gh
ij
1920 R
ae
bc
R
f
d
R
cg
ef
R
ij
gh
R
dh
ij
+
+ 1920 R
ae
bc
R
f
d
R
dg
ef
R
ij
gh
R
ch
ij
+ 960 R
ae
bc
R
f
d
R
gh
ef
R
ij
gh
R
cd
ij
3840 R
ae
bc
R
f
d
R
gi
ef
R
cj
gh
R
dh
ij
1920 R
ae
bc
R
g
d
R
cd
ef
R
ij
gh
R
fh
ij

1920 R
ae
bc
R
g
d
R
ch
ef
R
ij
gh
R
df
ij
+ 1920 R
ae
bc
R
g
d
R
dh
ef
R
ij
gh
R
cf
ij
3840 R
ae
bc
R
g
d
R
hi
ef
R
cj
gh
R
df
ij
3840 R
ae
bc
R
i
d
R
cg
ef
R
dj
gh
R
fh
ij
+
+ 3840 R
ae
bc
R
i
d
R
cg
ef
R
fj
gh
R
dh
ij
+ 3840 R
ae
bc
R
i
d
R
dg
ef
R
cj
gh
R
fh
ij
3840 R
ae
bc
R
i
d
R
dg
ef
R
fj
gh
R
ch
ij
1920 R
ae
bc
R
i
d
R
gh
ef
R
cj
gh
R
df
ij
+
+ 1920 R
ae
bc
R
i
d
R
gh
ef
R
dj
gh
R
cf
ij
1920 R
ae
bc
R
i
d
R
gh
ef
R
fj
gh
R
cd
ij
+ 3840 R
ae
bc
R
i
d
R
gj
ef
R
cd
gh
R
fh
ij
3840 R
ae
bc
R
i
d
R
gj
ef
R
cf
gh
R
dh
ij

1920 R
ae
cd
R
c
b
R
dg
ef
R
ij
gh
R
fh
ij
+ 960 R
ae
cd
R
c
b
R
gh
ef
R
ij
gh
R
df
ij
3840 R
ae
cd
R
c
b
R
gi
ef
R
dj
gh
R
fh
ij
+ 240 R
ae
cd
R
f
b
R
cd
ef
R
ij
gh
R
gh
ij

1920 R
ae
cd
R
f
b
R
cg
ef
R
ij
gh
R
dh
ij
+ 480 R
ae
cd
R
f
b
R
gh
ef
R
ij
gh
R
cd
ij
1920 R
ae
cd
R
f
b
R
gi
ef
R
cj
gh
R
dh
ij
+ 960 R
ag
cd
R
e
b
R
cd
ef
R
ij
gh
R
fh
ij
+
+ 1920 R
ag
cd
R
e
b
R
ch
ef
R
ij
gh
R
df
ij
+ 1920 R
ag
cd
R
e
b
R
hi
ef
R
fj
gh
R
cd
ij
+ 3840 R
ai
cd
R
e
b
R
cg
ef
R
dj
gh
R
fh
ij
3840 R
ai
cd
R
e
b
R
cg
ef
R
fj
gh
R
dh
ij
+
+ 1920 R
ai
cd
R
e
b
R
gh
ef
R
cj
gh
R
df
ij
+ 960 R
ai
cd
R
e
b
R
gh
ef
R
fj
gh
R
cd
ij
+ 3840 R
ai
cd
R
e
b
R
gj
ef
R
cf
gh
R
dh
ij
+ 1920 R
ae
cd
R
c
e
R
dg
bf
R
ij
gh
R
fh
ij

960 R
ae
cd
R
c
e
R
gh
bf
R
ij
gh
R
df
ij
3840 R
ae
cd
R
c
e
R
gi
bf
R
fj
gh
R
dh
ij
240 R
ae
cd
R
f
e
R
cd
bf
R
ij
gh
R
gh
ij
+ 1920 R
ae
cd
R
f
e
R
cg
bf
R
ij
gh
R
dh
ij

480 R
ae
cd
R
f
e
R
gh
bf
R
ij
gh
R
cd
ij
+ 1920 R
ae
cd
R
f
e
R
gi
bf
R
cj
gh
R
dh
ij
+ 960 R
ae
cd
R
g
e
R
cd
bf
R
ij
gh
R
fh
ij
+ 1920 R
ae
cd
R
g
e
R
ch
bf
R
ij
gh
R
df
ij
+
+ 1920 R
ae
cd
R
g
e
R
hi
bf
R
fj
gh
R
cd
ij
+ 3840 R
ae
cd
R
i
e
R
cg
bf
R
dj
gh
R
fh
ij
3840 R
ae
cd
R
i
e
R
cg
bf
R
fj
gh
R
dh
ij
+ 1920 R
ae
cd
R
i
e
R
gh
bf
R
cj
gh
R
df
ij
+
+ 960 R
ae
cd
R
i
e
R
gh
bf
R
fj
gh
R
cd
ij
+ 3840 R
ae
cd
R
i
e
R
gj
bf
R
cf
gh
R
dh
ij
+ 480 R
af
cd
R
c
e
R
de
bf
R
ij
gh
R
gh
ij
1920 R
af
cd
R
c
e
R
dg
bf
R
ij
gh
R
eh
ij
+
+ 1920 R
af
cd
R
c
e
R
eg
bf
R
ij
gh
R
dh
ij
+ 960 R
af
cd
R
c
e
R
gh
bf
R
ij
gh
R
de
ij
3840 R
af
cd
R
c
e
R
gi
bf
R
dj
gh
R
eh
ij
960 R
af
cd
R
g
e
R
cd
bf
R
ij
gh
R
eh
ij
+
+ 1920 R
af
cd
R
g
e
R
ce
bf
R
ij
gh
R
dh
ij
1920 R
af
cd
R
g
e
R
ch
bf
R
ij
gh
R
de
ij
960 R
af
cd
R
g
e
R
eh
bf
R
ij
gh
R
cd
ij
3840 R
af
cd
R
g
e
R
hi
bf
R
cj
gh
R
de
ij

1920 R
af
cd
R
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e
R
hi
bf
R
ej
gh
R
cd
ij
3840 R
af
cd
R
i
e
R
cg
bf
R
dj
gh
R
eh
ij
+ 3840 R
af
cd
R
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e
R
cg
bf
R
ej
gh
R
dh
ij
3840 R
af
cd
R
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e
R
eg
bf
R
cj
gh
R
dh
ij

1920 R
af
cd
R
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e
R
gh
bf
R
cj
gh
R
de
ij
960 R
af
cd
R
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e
R
gh
bf
R
ej
gh
R
cd
ij
1920 R
ag
cd
R
c
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R
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bf
R
ij
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R
fh
ij
1920 R
ag
cd
R
c
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R
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bf
R
ij
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R
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ij
+
+ 1920 R
ag
cd
R
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R
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bf
R
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R
df
ij
3840 R
ag
cd
R
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R
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bf
R
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gh
R
de
ij
+ 960 R
ag
cd
R
f
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R
cd
bf
R
ij
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R
eh
ij
1920 R
ag
cd
R
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R
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bf
R
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R
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ij
+
+ 1920 R
ag
cd
R
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R
ch
bf
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R
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ij
+ 960 R
ag
cd
R
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R
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bf
R
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R
cd
ij
+ 3840 R
ag
cd
R
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R
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bf
R
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R
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ij
+ 1920 R
ag
cd
R
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R
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bf
R
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R
cd
ij

960 R
ag
cd
R
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R
cd
bf
R
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gh
R
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ij
+ 1920 R
ag
cd
R
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R
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bf
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R
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ij
+ 1920 R
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cd
R
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R
cd
bf
R
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R
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ij
1920 R
ag
cd
R
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R
cd
bf
R
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R
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ij

3840 R
ag
cd
R
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R
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bf
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R
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ij
+ 3840 R
ag
cd
R
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R
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R
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ij
3840 R
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cd
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bf
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ij
+ 3840 R
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cd
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bf
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R
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ij

3840 R
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cd
R
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R
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bf
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R
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ij
3840 R
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cd
R
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bf
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R
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ij
1920 R
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cd
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R
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bf
R
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R
cd
ij
+ 3840 R
ag
cd
R
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R
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bf
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R
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ij
+
+ 1920 R
ag
cd
R
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R
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bf
R
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R
cd
ij
3840 R
ai
cd
R
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R
dg
bf
R
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R
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ij
+ 3840 R
ai
cd
R
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R
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R
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R
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ij
+ 3840 R
ai
cd
R
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R
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R
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ij

3840 R
ai
cd
R
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R
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bf
R
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R
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ij
1920 R
ai
cd
R
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bf
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R
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ij
+ 1920 R
ai
cd
R
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bf
R
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R
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ij
1920 R
ai
cd
R
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R
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bf
R
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R
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ij

3840 R
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cd
R
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R
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bf
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R
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ij
+ 3840 R
ai
cd
R
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R
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R
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ij
+ 3840 R
ai
cd
R
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R
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R
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R
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ij
3840 R
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cd
R
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R
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bf
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R
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ij
+
+ 3840 R
ai
cd
R
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bf
R
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R
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ij
+ 1920 R
ai
cd
R
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R
de
ij
+ 960 R
ai
cd
R
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R
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R
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R
cd
ij
+ 3840 R
ai
cd
R
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R
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bf
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ij

3840 R
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cd
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ij
+ 3840 R
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cd
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bf
R
fj
gh
R
de
ij
+ 3840 R
ai
cd
R
g
e
R
eh
bf
R
cj
gh
R
df
ij
+ 1920 R
ai
cd
R
g
e
R
eh
bf
R
fj
gh
R
cd
ij

3840 R
ai
cd
R
g
e
R
hj
bf
R
cf
gh
R
de
ij
1920 R
ai
cd
R
g
e
R
hj
bf
R
ef
gh
R
cd
ij
+ 3840 R
ai
cd
R
j
e
R
cg
bf
R
de
gh
R
fh
ij
3840 R
ai
cd
R
j
e
R
cg
bf
R
df
gh
R
eh
ij
+
+ 3840 R
ai
cd
R
j
e
R
cg
bf
R
ef
gh
R
dh
ij
+ 1920 R
ai
cd
R
j
e
R
eg
bf
R
cd
gh
R
fh
ij
3840 R
ai
cd
R
j
e
R
eg
bf
R
cf
gh
R
dh
ij
960 R
ai
cd
R
j
e
R
gh
bf
R
cd
gh
R
ef
ij
+
+ 1920 R
ai
cd
R
j
e
R
gh
bf
R
ce
gh
R
df
ij
1920 R
ai
cd
R
j
e
R
gh
bf
R
cf
gh
R
de
ij
960 R
ai
cd
R
j
e
R
gh
bf
R
ef
gh
R
cd
ij
+ 1920 R
ad
bc
R
cf
de
R
eh
fg
R
jk
hi
R
gi
jk

4 Monday, March 24, 1997, 10:45:12 PM
960 R
ad
bc
R
cf
de
R
hi
fg
R
jk
hi
R
eg
jk
+ 3840 R
ad
bc
R
cf
de
R
hj
fg
R
ek
hi
R
gi
jk
+ 240 R
ad
bc
R
fg
de
R
ce
fg
R
jk
hi
R
hi
jk
960 R
ad
bc
R
fg
de
R
ch
fg
R
jk
hi
R
ei
jk
+
+ 960 R
ad
bc
R
fg
de
R
eh
fg
R
jk
hi
R
ci
jk
+ 480 R
ad
bc
R
fg
de
R
hi
fg
R
jk
hi
R
ce
jk
1920 R
ad
bc
R
fg
de
R
hj
fg
R
ck
hi
R
ei
jk
1920 R
ad
bc
R
fh
de
R
ce
fg
R
jk
hi
R
gi
jk

1920 R
ad
bc
R
fh
de
R
ci
fg
R
jk
hi
R
eg
jk
+ 3840 R
ad
bc
R
fh
de
R
cj
fg
R
ek
hi
R
gi
jk
3840 R
ad
bc
R
fh
de
R
cj
fg
R
gk
hi
R
ei
jk
+ 1920 R
ad
bc
R
fh
de
R
ei
fg
R
jk
hi
R
cg
jk
+
+ 3840 R
ad
bc
R
fh
de
R
ej
fg
R
gk
hi
R
ci
jk
1920 R
ad
bc
R
fh
de
R
ij
fg
R
gk
hi
R
ce
jk
80 R
ae
cd
R
cd
be
R
hi
fg
R
jk
hi
R
fg
jk
+ 320 R
ae
cd
R
cd
be
R
hj
fg
R
fk
hi
R
gi
jk

1920 R
ae
cd
R
cf
be
R
dh
fg
R
jk
hi
R
gi
jk
+ 960 R
ae
cd
R
cf
be
R
hi
fg
R
jk
hi
R
dg
jk
3840 R
ae
cd
R
cf
be
R
hj
fg
R
dk
hi
R
gi
jk
120 R
ae
cd
R
fg
be
R
cd
fg
R
jk
hi
R
hi
jk
+
+ 960 R
ae
cd
R
fg
be
R
ch
fg
R
jk
hi
R
di
jk
240 R
ae
cd
R
fg
be
R
hi
fg
R
jk
hi
R
cd
jk
+ 960 R
ae
cd
R
fg
be
R
hj
fg
R
ck
hi
R
di
jk
+ 960 R
ae
cd
R
fh
be
R
cd
fg
R
jk
hi
R
gi
jk
+
+ 1920 R
ae
cd
R
fh
be
R
ci
fg
R
jk
hi
R
dg
jk
1920 R
ae
cd
R
fh
be
R
cj
fg
R
dk
hi
R
gi
jk
+ 3840 R
ae
cd
R
fh
be
R
ij
fg
R
ck
hi
R
dg
jk
+ 960 R
ae
cd
R
fh
be
R
ij
fg
R
gk
hi
R
cd
jk

960 R
af
cd
R
cd
be
R
eh
fg
R
jk
hi
R
gi
jk
+ 480 R
af
cd
R
cd
be
R
hi
fg
R
jk
hi
R
eg
jk
1920 R
af
cd
R
cd
be
R
hj
fg
R
ek
hi
R
gi
jk
+ 480 R
af
cd
R
cg
be
R
de
fg
R
jk
hi
R
hi
jk

1920 R
af
cd
R
cg
be
R
dh
fg
R
jk
hi
R
ei
jk
+ 1920 R
af
cd
R
cg
be
R
eh
fg
R
jk
hi
R
di
jk
+ 960 R
af
cd
R
cg
be
R
hi
fg
R
jk
hi
R
de
jk
+ 3840 R
af
cd
R
cg
be
R
hj
fg
R
ek
hi
R
di
jk
+
+ 960 R
af
cd
R
gh
be
R
cd
fg
R
jk
hi
R
ei
jk
1920 R
af
cd
R
gh
be
R
ce
fg
R
jk
hi
R
di
jk
+ 1920 R
af
cd
R
gh
be
R
ci
fg
R
jk
hi
R
de
jk
3840 R
af
cd
R
gh
be
R
cj
fg
R
dk
hi
R
ei
jk
+
+ 960 R
af
cd
R
gh
be
R
ei
fg
R
jk
hi
R
cd
jk
3840 R
af
cd
R
gh
be
R
ej
fg
R
ck
hi
R
di
jk
+ 3840 R
af
cd
R
gh
be
R
ij
fg
R
ck
hi
R
de
jk
+ 1920 R
ah
cd
R
cf
be
R
de
fg
R
jk
hi
R
gi
jk
+
+ 1920 R
ah
cd
R
cf
be
R
di
fg
R
jk
hi
R
eg
jk
3840 R
ah
cd
R
cf
be
R
dj
fg
R
ek
hi
R
gi
jk
+ 3840 R
ah
cd
R
cf
be
R
dj
fg
R
gk
hi
R
ei
jk
1920 R
ah
cd
R
cf
be
R
ei
fg
R
jk
hi
R
dg
jk
+
+ 3840 R
ah
cd
R
cf
be
R
ej
fg
R
dk
hi
R
gi
jk
3840 R
ah
cd
R
cf
be
R
ej
fg
R
gk
hi
R
di
jk
+ 3840 R
ah
cd
R
cf
be
R
ij
fg
R
dk
hi
R
eg
jk
3840 R
ah
cd
R
cf
be
R
ij
fg
R
ek
hi
R
dg
jk
+
+ 3840 R
ah
cd
R
cf
be
R
ij
fg
R
gk
hi
R
de
jk
+ 1920 R
ah
cd
R
cf
be
R
jk
fg
R
de
hi
R
gi
jk
1920 R
ah
cd
R
cf
be
R
jk
fg
R
dg
hi
R
ei
jk
+ 1920 R
ah
cd
R
cf
be
R
jk
fg
R
eg
hi
R
di
jk
+
+ 480 R
ah
cd
R
fg
be
R
cd
fg
R
jk
hi
R
ei
jk
960 R
ah
cd
R
fg
be
R
ce
fg
R
jk
hi
R
di
jk
+ 960 R
ah
cd
R
fg
be
R
ci
fg
R
jk
hi
R
de
jk
+ 480 R
ah
cd
R
fg
be
R
ei
fg
R
jk
hi
R
cd
jk
+
+ 960 R
ah
cd
R
fg
be
R
ij
fg
R
ek
hi
R
cd
jk
960 R
ah
cd
R
fi
be
R
cd
fg
R
jk
hi
R
eg
jk
+ 1920 R
ah
cd
R
fi
be
R
ce
fg
R
jk
hi
R
dg
jk
+ 3840 R
ah
cd
R
fi
be
R
ej
fg
R
ck
hi
R
dg
jk
+
+ 1920 R
ah
cd
R
fi
be
R
ej
fg
R
gk
hi
R
cd
jk
+ 1920 R
aj
cd
R
fg
be
R
ch
fg
R
dk
hi
R
ei
jk
1920 R
aj
cd
R
fg
be
R
ch
fg
R
ek
hi
R
di
jk
+ 1920 R
aj
cd
R
fg
be
R
eh
fg
R
ck
hi
R
di
jk
+
+ 960 R
aj
cd
R
fg
be
R
hi
fg
R
ck
hi
R
de
jk
+ 480 R
aj
cd
R
fg
be
R
hi
fg
R
ek
hi
R
cd
jk
+ 1920 R
aj
cd
R
fg
be
R
hk
fg
R
ce
hi
R
di
jk
+ 3840 R
aj
cd
R
fh
be
R
ce
fg
R
dk
hi
R
gi
jk

3840 R
aj
cd
R
fh
be
R
ce
fg
R
gk
hi
R
di
jk
+ 3840 R
aj
cd
R
fh
be
R
ci
fg
R
dk
hi
R
eg
jk
+ 3840 R
aj
cd
R
fh
be
R
ci
fg
R
gk
hi
R
de
jk
+ 3840 R
aj
cd
R
fh
be
R
ei
fg
R
ck
hi
R
dg
jk
+
+ 1920 R
aj
cd
R
fh
be
R
ei
fg
R
gk
hi
R
cd
jk
1920 R
aj
cd
R
fh
be
R
ek
fg
R
cd
hi
R
gi
jk
+ 3840 R
aj
cd
R
fh
be
R
ek
fg
R
cg
hi
R
di
jk
1920 R
aj
cd
R
fh
be
R
ik
fg
R
cd
hi
R
eg
jk
).
For a check, note that (1) G
(5)a
a
=
n 10
10
L
(5)
and (2) the magnitudes of the numerical coefficients of G
(5)a
b
add up to
11!
2
6
5
=
1
10
1,247,400 = 124,740.
APPENDIX.EXPRESSION FOR L
(5)
In a certain sense L
(5)
forms a boundary, since the higher terms do not appear in the physically interesting (supergravity, superstrings) dimensions < 12.
Mller-Hoissen, F., [personal communication], tr. by author.
The coefficient L
(5)
of the quintic Lovelock Lagrangian is given by the formula
L
(5)
=
10!
2
5
R
[i
1
i
2
i
1
i
2
R
i
3
i
4
i
3
i
4
R
i
5
i
6
i
5
i
6
R
i
7
i
8
i
7
i
8
R
i
9
i
10
]
i
9
i
10
, (6)
which comprises 3,628,800 unique covariant index permutations, of which but 85together with numerical coefficientssuffice for rendering a general
expression for L
(5)
, the final result (after substituting contractions and re-labeling indices) being given by
L
(5)
= R
5
+ 40 R
3
R
b
a
R
a
b
10 R
3
R
cd
ab
R
ab
cd
160 R
2
R
b
a
R
c
b
R
a
c
+ 240 R
2
R
c
a
R
d
b
R
ab
cd
+ 240 R
2
R
b
a
R
de
bc
R
ac
de
+ 20 R
2
R
cd
ab
R
ef
cd
R
ab
ef
(7)
80 R
2
R
ce
ab
R
af
cd
R
bd
ef
240 R R
b
a
R
a
b
R
d
c
R
c
d
+ 480 R R
b
a
R
c
b
R
d
c
R
a
d
1920 R R
b
a
R
d
b
R
e
c
R
ac
de
+ 120 R R
b
a
R
a
b
R
ef
cd
R
cd
ef

960 R R
b
a
R
c
b
R
ef
cd
R
ad
ef
480 R R
c
a
R
d
b
R
ef
cd
R
ab
ef
+ 960 R R
c
a
R
e
b
R
af
cd
R
bd
ef
960 R R
c
a
R
e
b
R
bf
cd
R
ad
ef
+ 960 R R
b
a
R
ad
bc
R
fg
de
R
ce
fg

480 R R
b
a
R
de
bc
R
fg
de
R
ac
fg
+ 1920 R R
b
a
R
df
bc
R
ag
de
R
ce
fg
15 R R
cd
ab
R
ab
cd
R
gh
ef
R
ef
gh
+ 240 R R
cd
ab
R
ae
cd
R
gh
ef
R
bf
gh

30 R R
cd
ab
R
ef
cd
R
gh
ef
R
ab
gh
+ 480 R R
cd
ab
R
eg
cd
R
ah
ef
R
bf
gh
240 R R
ce
ab
R
ag
cd
R
bh
ef
R
df
gh
+ 480 R R
ce
ab
R
ag
cd
R
dh
ef
R
bf
gh
+
+ 640 R
b
a
R
a
b
R
d
c
R
e
d
R
c
e
768 R
b
a
R
c
b
R
d
c
R
e
d
R
a
e
960 R
b
a
R
a
b
R
e
c
R
f
d
R
cd
ef
+ 3840 R
b
a
R
c
b
R
e
c
R
f
d
R
ad
ef
+ 1920 R
b
a
R
e
b
R
d
c
R
f
d
R
ac
ef

960 R
b
a
R
a
b
R
d
c
R
fg
de
R
ce
fg
160 R
b
a
R
c
b
R
a
c
R
fg
de
R
de
fg
+ 1920 R
b
a
R
c
b
R
d
c
R
fg
de
R
ae
fg
+ 1920 R
b
a
R
d
b
R
e
c
R
fg
de
R
ac
fg

3840 R
b
a
R
d
b
R
f
c
R
ag
de
R
ce
fg
+ 3840 R
b
a
R
d
b
R
f
c
R
cg
de
R
ae
fg
+ 1920 R
d
a
R
f
b
R
e
c
R
bg
de
R
ac
fg
+ 3840 R
d
a
R
f
b
R
g
c
R
ab
de
R
ce
fg

80 R
b
a
R
a
b
R
ef
cd
R
gh
ef
R
cd
gh
+ 320 R
b
a
R
a
b
R
eg
cd
R
ch
ef
R
df
gh
1920 R
b
a
R
c
b
R
ae
cd
R
gh
ef
R
df
gh
+ 960 R
b
a
R
c
b
R
ef
cd
R
gh
ef
R
ad
gh

3840 R
b
a
R
c
b
R
eg
cd
R
ah
ef
R
df
gh
+ 240 R
c
a
R
d
b
R
ab
cd
R
gh
ef
R
ef
gh
1920 R
c
a
R
d
b
R
ae
cd
R
gh
ef
R
bf
gh
+ 480 R
c
a
R
d
b
R
ef
cd
R
gh
ef
R
ab
gh

1920 R
c
a
R
d
b
R
eg
cd
R
ah
ef
R
bf
gh
1920 R
c
a
R
e
b
R
ab
cd
R
gh
ef
R
df
gh
1920 R
c
a
R
e
b
R
af
cd
R
gh
ef
R
bd
gh
3840 R
c
a
R
g
b
R
ae
cd
R
bh
ef
R
df
gh
+
+ 1920 R
c
a
R
g
b
R
ae
cd
R
dh
ef
R
bf
gh
+ 3840 R
c
a
R
g
b
R
be
cd
R
ah
ef
R
df
gh
1920 R
c
a
R
g
b
R
be
cd
R
dh
ef
R
af
gh
+ 1920 R
c
a
R
g
b
R
ef
cd
R
bh
ef
R
ad
gh
+
+ 1920 R
c
a
R
g
b
R
eh
cd
R
ab
ef
R
df
gh
+ 1920 R
b
a
R
ad
bc
R
cf
de
R
hi
fg
R
eg
hi
960 R
b
a
R
ad
bc
R
fg
de
R
hi
fg
R
ce
hi
+ 3840 R
b
a
R
ad
bc
R
fh
de
R
ci
fg
R
eg
hi
+
+ 240 R
b
a
R
de
bc
R
ac
de
R
hi
fg
R
fg
hi
960 R
b
a
R
de
bc
R
af
de
R
hi
fg
R
cg
hi
+ 960 R
b
a
R
de
bc
R
cf
de
R
hi
fg
R
ag
hi
+ 480 R
b
a
R
de
bc
R
fg
de
R
hi
fg
R
ac
hi

1920 R
b
a
R
de
bc
R
fh
de
R
ai
fg
R
cg
hi
1920 R
b
a
R
df
bc
R
ac
de
R
hi
fg
R
eg
hi
1920 R
b
a
R
df
bc
R
ag
de
R
hi
fg
R
ce
hi
+ 3840 R
b
a
R
df
bc
R
ah
de
R
ci
fg
R
eg
hi

3840 R
b
a
R
df
bc
R
ah
de
R
ei
fg
R
cg
hi
+ 1920 R
b
a
R
df
bc
R
cg
de
R
hi
fg
R
ae
hi
+ 3840 R
b
a
R
df
bc
R
ch
de
R
ei
fg
R
ag
hi
1920 R
b
a
R
df
bc
R
gh
de
R
ei
fg
R
ac
hi
+
+ 20 R
cd
ab
R
ab
cd
R
gh
ef
R
ij
gh
R
ef
ij
80 R
cd
ab
R
ab
cd
R
gi
ef
R
ej
gh
R
fh
ij
+ 480 R
cd
ab
R
ae
cd
R
bg
ef
R
ij
gh
R
fh
ij
480 R
cd
ab
R
ae
cd
R
gh
ef
R
ij
gh
R
bf
ij
+
+ 1920 R
cd
ab
R
ae
cd
R
gi
ef
R
bj
gh
R
fh
ij
+ 24 R
cd
ab
R
ef
cd
R
gh
ef
R
ij
gh
R
ab
ij
480 R
cd
ab
R
ef
cd
R
gi
ef
R
aj
gh
R
bh
ij
480 R
cd
ab
R
eg
cd
R
ah
ef
R
ij
gh
R
bf
ij
+
+ 960 R
cd
ab
R
eg
cd
R
ai
ef
R
bj
gh
R
fh
ij
1920 R
cd
ab
R
eg
cd
R
ai
ef
R
fj
gh
R
bh
ij
+ 1920 R
ce
ab
R
af
cd
R
gi
ef
R
bj
gh
R
dh
ij
384 R
ce
ab
R
ag
cd
R
bi
ef
R
dj
gh
R
fh
ij
+
+ 1920 R
ce
ab
R
ag
cd
R
bi
ef
R
fj
gh
R
dh
ij
1920 R
ce
ab
R
ag
cd
R
di
ef
R
fj
gh
R
bh
ij
768 R
ce
ab
R
fg
cd
R
hi
ef
R
aj
gh
R
bd
ij
.
For a check, note that the magnitudes of the numerical coefficients of L
(5)
add up to
10!
2
5
= 113,400.