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CitationGuidelines
Herearestepbystepinstructionsforcitingtheinformationyoufindusingyour
ProQuestdatabase.Askyourinstructorwhichcitationformat(MLA,APAor
Turabian)ispreferred.
MLA(ModernLanguageAssociation)CitationFormat
PeriodicalArticle
Author'sname."TitleoftheArticle."OriginalSourceofArticle.Dateofpublication:page
numbers(ifnone,usen.pag.).TitleoftheDatabase.Web.Dateofaccess(day,
monthandyear).
Motavalli,Jim."TheMeatoftheMatter."EMagazineJulyAug.2008:2633.SIRS
Researcher.Web.1October2009.
ReferenceBookArticle
Authorname(ifknown).Titleofarticle.TitleoftheBook.CityofPublication:Publisher,
Year.TitleoftheDatabase.Web.Dateofaccess(day,monthandyear).
Esposito,JohnL.CapitalPunishment.TheIslamicWorld:PastandPresent.Oxford:Oxford
UniversityPress,2004.SIRSResearcher.Web.1October2009.
GovernmentDocuments
Nameofgovernment.NameofAgency.TitleofPublication.CityofPublication:Publisher,
DateofPublication.TitleoftheDatabase.Web.Dateofaccess(date,monthand
year).
UnitedStates.DepartmentofState.BackgroundNotes:Aruba.Washington:GPO,2009.
SIRSGovernmentReporter.Web.1October2009.
Graphics&Media
"Titleofgraphic."GraphicType.Publisher,DateofPublication.TitleoftheDatabase.Web.
Dateofaccess(date,month,andyear).
"Afghanistan."Map.MagellanGeographix,1999.SIRSResearcher.Web.1October2009.
"SmallBusiness,BigEmployer."Chart.MCT,16March2009.SIRSResearcher.Web.1
October2009.
SoundRecording
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Composerorperformer. Titleoftherecording.Artistorartists.Manufacturer,yearofissue,
ifknown.Titleofdatabase.Web.Dateofaccess(daymonthyear).
HutchinsonDictionaryoftheArts.TheAdventuresofTomSawyer,Chapter1.ByMark
Twain.HeliconPublishingLtd.,2000.eLibrary.Web.1October2009.
VideoClip
Titleofclip.Nameofnarrator,directorsandperformers,etc.Distributor,YearofRelease.
Titleofdatabase.Web.Dateofaccess(daymonthyear).
TheOverthrowofPresidentNgoDinhDiem.Narr.HarryReasoner.CBSNews,1963.
eLibrary.Web.1October2009.
TV/RadioBroadcastTranscript
Titleofepisodeorsegment.Narr.byNarratorName.TitleofProgramorSeries.Nameof
thenetwork,ifany,Broadcastdate(daymonthyear).Titleofdatabase.Web.Dateof
access(daymonthyear).Transcript.
EconomicStormBattersOhioTown.Narr.byScottPelley.60Minutes.CBS,25January
2009.eLibrary.Web.1October2009.Transcript.
InternetSites
Nameoftheeditor,compiler,ortranslator(ifavailable).TitleoftheWork.(ifdistinctfrom
thesite)TitleoftheWebSite.PublisherorSponsorofSite(ifunknown,usen.p.),
Dateofpublication(day,monthandyearifunknown,usen.d.).Web.Dateof
access(day,monthandyear).
Landow,George,Ed.VictorianScience:AnOverview.TheVictorianWeb.Brown
University,14April2007.Web.1October2009.
ProQuestproprietarycontent
Nameoftheeditor,compiler,ortranslator(ifavailable).TitleoftheWork.(ifdistinctfrom
thesite)TitleoftheWebSite.PublisherorSponsorofSite(ifunknown,usen.p.),
Dateofpublication(day,monthandyearifnotknown,usen.d.).Web.Dateof
access(day,monthandyear).
LeadingIssues:CapitalPunishmentOverview.SIRSResearcher.ProQuestLLC,2009.
Web.1October2009.
ProQuestGenrePage:ScienceFictionandFantasy.ProQuestLearningLiterature.
ProQuestLLC,2005.Web.17March2010.
APA(AmericanPsychologicalAssociation)Format
Periodicals
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AuthorSurname,Initials.(DatepublishedasYear,MonthDay).Articletitle.Publication
Name,Volume(Issue),pagenumbers,ifprovided.RetrievedfromHomepageURL
Maxwell,S.(2009,April19).Moralsaside,deathpenaltyisflawed.OrlandoSentinel.
Retrievedfromhttp://sks.sirs.com
Berns,W.(2008,February4).Religionandthedeathpenalty:Canthaveonewithoutthe
other?WeeklyStandard,1819.Retrievedfromhttp://sks.sirs.com
Note:Notallpublicationsoffervolumeandissueinformation.Fordocumenttitleand
subtitle(ifany),capitalizeonlythefirstwordandanypropernouns.ForhomepageURL,it
isnolongernecessarytoreferencethedatabasenameordateofaccess.Donotinclude
periodafterURL.
ReferenceBookEntry
AuthorSurname,Initials.(Yearpublished).Entrytitle.InBookAuthor/EditorInitials.
Surname(Ed.),ReferenceBookTitle.PublisherLocationCity,Country:PublisherName.
RetrievedfromHomepageURL
Esposito,J.L.(2004).Capitalpunishment.InJ.L.Esposito(Ed.),TheIslamicworld:Past
andpresent.London,England:OxfordUniversityPress.Retrievedfrom
http://sks.sirs.com
Note:Fordocumenttitleandsubtitle(ifany),capitalizeonlythefirstwordandanyproper
nouns.ForhomepageURL,itisnolongernecessarytoreferencethedatabasenameordate
ofaccess.DonotincludeperiodafterURL.
GovernmentDocument
Governmentagencyreleasingdocument.(Year,MonthPublished).DocumentTitle(Issue
BriefNumberifprovided).RetrievedfromHomepageURL
DepartmentofState.(2009,August).Backgroundnotes:Croatia.Retrievedfrom
http://sks.sirs.com
Note:Fordocumenttitleandsubtitle(ifany),capitalizeonlythefirstwordandanyproper
nouns.ForhomepageURL,itisnolongernecessarytoreferencethedatabasenameordate
ofaccess.DonotincludeperiodafterURL.
Map
CreatorName(Contribution).(PublicationDate).Title[Mediatype].RetrievedFrom
HomepageURL
MagellanGeographix(Publisher).(1996).Louisiana[PoliticalMap].Retrievedfrom
http://sks.sirs.com
Note:Fordocumenttitleandsubtitle(ifany),capitalizeonlythefirstwordandanyproper
nouns.ForhomepageURL,itisnolongernecessarytoreferencethedatabasenameordate
ofaccess.DonotincludeperiodafterURL.
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PhotoorGraphic
CreatorSurname,Initials(Contribution),andCopyrightHolder(Contribution).(Copyright
year).TitleofImage[Mediatype].RetrievedFromHomepageURL
Yingling,M.(Artist),andMCT(Publisher).(2009).Joblessratebystate,August2009
[Graphic].Retrievedfromhttp://sks.sirs.com
Note:APA,Sixthedition,doesnotincludeaspecificexampleforanimageorgraphic.The
aboveexamplesrepresentonepossibleinterpretationbasedonguidelinesprovidedonp.
209ofthePublicationManual.Fordocumenttitleandsubtitle(ifany),capitalizeonlythe
firstwordandanypropernouns.ForhomepageURL,itisnolongernecessarytoreference
thedatabasenameordateofaccess.DonotincludeperiodafterURL.
SoundRecording
Writername,Firstinitial.(Copyrightyear).Titleofrecording[Recordedbyartistnameif
differentfromwriter].OnTitleofalbumorsource[Mediumofrecording].Location:
Label.(Dateofrecordingifdifferentfromcopyrightyear)RetrievedfromHomepage
URL
Twain,M.(2000).TheadventuresofTomSawyer,Chapter1[RecordedbyHeliconAudio].
OnHutchinsonDictionaryoftheArts[Quicktimefile].London:HeliconPublishingLtd.
Retrievedfromhttp://elibrary.bigchalk.com
Note:Fordocumenttitleandsubtitle(ifany),capitalizeonlythefirstwordandanyproper
nouns.ForhomepageURL,itisnolongernecessarytoreferencethedatabasenameordate
ofaccess.DonotincludeperiodafterURL.
VideoClip
Nameofproducer.(Producer).(Year).Titleofvideo[videoformat].Retrievedfrom
HomepageURL
MPIVideo.(Producer).(1952).PopCulture:CharlieChaplinandWifeOonaAreWelcomedin
Paris[Quicktimevideo].Retrievedfromhttp://elibrary.bigchalk.com
Note:Fordocumenttitleandsubtitle(ifany),capitalizeonlythefirstwordandanyproper
nouns.ForhomepageURL,itisnolongernecessarytoreferencethedatabasenameordate
ofaccess.DonotincludeperiodafterURL.
TV/RadioBroadcastTranscript
OriginatororPrimaryContributors.(Contribution).(Year,Monthdayofbroadcast).Titleof
Program[Transcript].LocationofDistributor:NameofDistributor.Retrievedfrom
HomepageURL
Edwards,B.(Host).(2001,September11).MorningEdition[RadioTranscript]Washington,
D.C.:NationalPublicRadio.Retrievedfromhttp://elibrary.bigchalk.com
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Note:APA,Sixthedition,doesnotincludeaspecificexampleforatranscript.Theabove
examplerepresentsonepossibleinterpretationbasedonguidelinesprovidedonp.210of
thePublicationManual.Fordocumenttitleandsubtitle(ifany),capitalizeonlythefirstword
andanypropernouns.ForhomepageURL,itisnolongernecessarytoreferencethe
databasenameordateofaccess.DonotincludeperiodafterURL.
WebSites
NameofSpecificDocument.(Dateofonlinepublication,Year,MonthDay).InNameof
onlinereferencework.RetrievedfromHomepageURL
Paradigm.(2009).InCambridgeDictionariesOnline.Retrievedfrom
http://cambridge.dictionary.org
Note:SinceWebSelectincludeslinkstoexternalWebsites,itisnotnecessarytoreference
therecommendingdatabaseinthereference,basedonguidelinesprovidedonp.192ofthe
SixthEditionoftheAPAPublicationManual.
ProQuestProprietaryContent
Titleofwork.(PublicationYear).InProduct.Retrievedfromhttp://sks.sirs.com
LeadingIssues:Eatingdisorderstopicoverview.(2009).InSIRSIssuesResearcher:
LeadingIssues.Retrievedfromhttp://sks.sirs.com
ProQuestGenrePages:ScienceFictionandFantasy.(2005).InProQuestLearning
Literature. Retrievedfromhttp://literature.proquestlearning.com
Note:ApplyingtheguidanceforEntryinanonlinereferencework(p.205)forthis
instance.Fordocumenttitleandsubtitle(ifany),capitalizeonlythefirstwordandany
propernouns.ForhomepageURL,itisnolongernecessarytoreferencethedatabasename
ordateofaccess.DonotincludeperiodafterURL.
TurabianFormat
FullTextArticles
Bibliographyentry:
Author."Articletitle."Originalsourceofarticle,dateoforiginalsource,pagenumbers.
AvailableonProductname:URLofsite(Locationofsitepublisher:publisher,dateof
access).
Frick,Robert."InvestinginMedicalMiracles."Kiplinger'sPersonalFinance,February1999,
8087.AvailableonSIRSKnowledgeSource:http://www.proquestk12.com(Boca
Raton,Fla.:ProQuestLLC,1October2009).
Noteentry:
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NumberoffootnoteAuthor,"Articletitle,"Originalsourceofarticle,dateoforiginal
source,pagenumbers,Productname:URLofsite(Locationofsitepublisher:publisher,
dateofaccess).
1
Frick,Robert,"InvestinginMedicalMiracles,"Kiplinger'sPersonalFinance,Feb.
1999,8087,SIRSKnowledgeSource:http://www.proquestk12.com(BocaRaton,Fla.:
ProQuestLLC,1October2009).
GovernmentDocuments
Bibliographyentry:
Issuingagency.Articletitle,Author.Governmentdistrict,Dateoforiginalarticle.Available
onProductname:URLofsite(Locationofsitepublisher:publisher,dateofaccess).
U.S.DepartmentoftheInterior.U.S.GeologicalSurvey.MercuryinStreamEcosystems
NewStudiesInitiatedbytheU.S.GeologicalSurvey,byMarkE.Brigham,DavidP.
Krabbenhoft,andPixieA.Hamilton.Washington,D.C.,March2003.Availableon
SIRSKnowledgeSource:http://www.proquestk12.com(BocaRaton,Fla.:ProQuest
LLC,1October2009).
Noteentry:
NumberoffootnoteIssuingagency.Title,Author(Governmentdistrict,Dateof
originalarticle),pagenumber,Productname:URLofsite(Locationofsitepublisher:
publisher,dateofaccess),pagenumbers.
1
U.S.DepartmentoftheInterior,U.S.GeologicalSurvey,MercuryinStream
EcosystemsNewStudiesInitiatedbytheU.S.GeologicalSurvey,byMarkE.Brigham,David
P.Krabbenhoft,andPixieA.Hamilton,(Washington,D.C.,March2003),SIRSKnowledge
Source:http://www.proquestk12.com(BocaRaton,Fla.:ProQuestLLC,1October2009).
Graphics&Media
"Titleofgraphic."GraphicType.CopyrightHolder.Nameofsiteprovidinggraphic.Dateof
access<URLofservice'shomepage>.
"Afghanistan."Map.MagellanGeographix.SIRSKnowledgeSource.1October2009
<http://www.proquestk12.com>.
InternetSites
Nameofsponsoringorganizationorinstitution.TitleofInternetsite.Dateofsite.Internet
online.<ElectronicaddressorURL>.(Dateofaccess).
BrownUniversity.TheVictorianWeb:AnOverview.June2000.Internetonline.
<http://landow.stg.brown.edu/victorian/victov.html>(October1,2009).
ProQuestProprietaryContent
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Nameofsponsoringorganizationorinstitution.TitleofInternetsite.Dateofsite.Internet
online.<ElectronicaddressorURL>.(Dateofaccess).
ProQuestLLC.LeadingIssues:CapitalPunishmentOverview.Internetonline.
<http://sks.sirs.com>(October1,2009).
ProQuestLLC.ProQuestGenrePages:ScienceFictionandFantasy.Internetonline.
<http://literature.proquestlearning.com>(March17,2010).
**Please,notethattheguidelinesforcitingelectronicsourcesarenotyet
completelystandardized.
Detailedguidelinesondocumentingonlinesourcesareexplainedintheseventheditionof
theMLAHandbookforWritersofResearchPapers(2009)andthesixtheditionofthe
PublicationManualoftheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation(2010).Sincethereisno
officialTurabianstandardfordocumentingonlinesources,theexamplesaboveprovideonly
onepossibleinterpretation.
UpdatedMarch2010