Unit 1 Test Review Name: _____________________ Period: __________

Important Things To Know Practice Problems

1. The Nature of Science

Science asks How? and is only
ONE WAY of knowing.
Science is durable and changes
when New data or evidence is
collected
Peer review reduces Bias or the
tendency towards one belief.

Science... Can Study Cannot Study
Volcanoes Yes
Religion No
The Sun Yes
War & Peace No

2. Observation & Inference

Science involves direct or indirect
observation using the 5 senses
Quantitative Observations use
Numbers to quantify
characteristics.
Qualitative Observations use
Characteristics or language to
describe.
Our brain then makes logical
conclusions or Inferences
Decide if each statement is an inference or an observation.
Mark if its an inference (I), qualitative observation (QL), or
quantitative (QNT).

QNT The barometric pressure dropped from 31 to 29 in
I It will rain in the next 24 hours.
QNT There are 24 students in our class.
QLT It is hot outside.
QLT Ms. OBriens favorite color is gray.
I After studying, you will pass this test.
3. The Scientific Method

The scientific method is circular,
you can never be completely done
with an investigation.
A hypothesis is NOT an educated
guess. It is a testable prediction.
What is a hypothesis? Testable Prediction
Use the word bank to complete the scientific method.
1. State the Problem
2. Form a Hypothesis
3. Plan Experiment
4. Perform Experiment
5. Record Data
6. Communicate Results

4. Experimental Design
Experiments are designed to test a
hypothesis.
They have two variables that they
record or change.
Independent variable is What I
Change
Dependent variable is The Data
we record
The control group is what would
happen normally.
Read the hypothesis for each experiment. Underline the
Independent Variable (IV). Circle the Dependent Variable (DV).

If the color of light (IV) is changed, the plants under the
white light will grow tallest (DV).

If Jodie puts two different rocks in vinegar (IV), after 24
hours the weight (DV) of the limestone will have decreased.

If Homer sprays his shower with coconut juice (IV), the
green slime (DV) will have disappeared after three days.
5. Scientific Laws & Theories

Scientific Laws are statement of
universal facts. (like the Law of
Gravity)
Scientific Theories are
explanation supported by
evidence. (like the theory of
evolution)
They are more than just a theory.
Scientific theories cannot turn into
laws.
How are scientific laws different from our U.S. laws (like for
speeding)?

You do not have a choice to follow Scientific laws. They are
facts that are true no matter where you are in the universe.


How are scientific theories different from regular theories?
Scientific theories are supported by a lot of evidence. For
something to become a theory, every scientist pretty much
has to agree and there cannot be any evidence disproving
the theory. It is far more than just a theory.
6. Density Facts

Density is a measure of the mass
per unit volume.

Density does not change based on
the size or shape of a sample.

The density of freshwater is: 1.0
g/ml
1. Draw the density triangle:


2. If the mass of a rock is 20g and its volume is 5 ml, what is its
density?

20g / 5 ml = 4 g/ml

3. The original volume of a graduated cylinder is 23.0 ml. After
putting in a rock, it reads 25.0ml. What is the volume of the
rock?

25ml 23ml = 2 ml

4. If the density of an object is 1.5 g/ml will is sink or float in
freshwater?

Sink, it is more dense than freshwater (1.0 g/ml)

7. Calculating Density

The equation for density is:

Density = Mass / Volume

Mass is measured with a scale in
units of grams (g).
Volume is measured with a
graduated cylinder in units of
milliliters (ml).