Worksheet 4.

8: Solutions

Excess reagent stoichiometry

No.

Answer

n(NO) =

m
100
=
= 3.33 mol
30.01
M

6
n(NO) = 5.00 mol
4
n
5.00
V(NaNO2) = =
= 3.60 dm3
1.39
c
3
n(H2SO
n(NO) = 2.50 mol
4) required =
4
n
2.50
V(H
SO4) = =
= 1.12 dm3
2
2.225
c

n(NaNO2) required =

m(H2O)
= density volume = 1.00 180 = 180 g
m
180
n(H
O) =
=
= 9.99 mol
2
M 18.02
m
8.35
n(Na) =
=
= 0.363 mol
22.99
M
If all of Na reacts, only 0.363 mol water required

Na is the limiting reagent.

n
0.363
n(NaOH) = n(Na) = 0.363 mol c(NaOH) =
=
= 2.02 mol dm3
0.180
V

a
b

2C2H6(g) + 7O2(g) 4CO2(g) + 6H2O(l)

From the equation, 2 mol of ethane react with 7 mol of oxygen. Therefore, there are

2 mol of oxygen gas in excess, and
ethane is the limiting reagent.

m
10.0
=
= 0.0658 mol
M 152.0
n(KBrO3) = c V = 0.774 0.120 = 0.0929 mol
If all of Cr2O3 reacts:
n(Cr2O3) =

n(KBrO
3) consumed in reaction =

6
n(Cr2O3) = 0.0789 mol
5

KBrO3 is in excess by 0.014 mol (0.0929 0.0789) and Cr2O3 is the limiting reagent.
n(Br2) formed =

3
n(Cr2O3) = 0.0395 mol
5

m(Br2) = n M = 0.0395 159.8 = 6.31 g

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This page from the Chemistry: For use with the IB Diploma Programme SL Teachers Resource may be reproduced for classroom use.

Worksheet 4.8: Solutions

Excess reagent stoichiometry

No.

Answer

a
b

SnCl2(aq) + 2NH4OH(aq) Sn(OH)2(s) + 2NH4Cl(aq)

n(SnCl2) = c V = 0.968 0.0455 = 0.0440 mol
n(NH4OH) = c V = 1.223 0.0582 = 0.0712 mol
If all of NH4NO3 is consumed in the reaction then:
1
n(SnCl2) consumed in reaction =
n(NH4OH) = 0.0356 mol
2
SnCl2 is in excess by 0.0084 mol (0.0440 0.0356) and NH4OH is the limiting
reagent
1
=
n(Sn(OH)2) precipitated
n(NH4OH) = 0.0356 mol
2
m(Sn(OH)2) = n M = 0.0356 152.71 = 5.44 g

m 100 10 3
=
= 734.5 mol
M 136.14
1
n(Ca3(PO4)2) required =
n(CaSO4) = 244.8 mol
3
m(Ca3(PO4)2) = n M = 244.8 310.18 = 7.59 104 g = 75.9 kg

However, the process is only 75% efficient, hence the mass needed will be greater.
100
4)2) =
m(Ca3(PO
75.9 = 101 kg
75
n(H2SO4) required = n(CaSO4) = 734.5 mol
100
100
m(H2SO4) = n M
= 734.5 98.08
= 9.61 104 g = 96.1 kg
75
75

n(CaSO4) =

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Pearson Education Australia (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) 2008.
This page from the Chemistry: For use with the IB Diploma Programme SL Teachers Resource may be reproduced for classroom use.