VAR is widely used to improve the cleanliness and refine the structure of standard air-melted

or vacuum induction melted ingots, then called consumable electrodes. VAR steels and
superalloys as well as titanium and zirconium and its alloys are used in a great number of
highintegrity applications where cleanliness, homogeneity, improved fatigue and fracture
toughness of the final product are essential. Aerospace, power generation, defense, medical
and nuclear industries rely on the properties and performance of these advanced remelted
materials.