Spectrum 2000 Mindware, Rocky Mountain House, AB, T4T 2A2 1-403-845-2527 c. E.R. Crain, P.Eng. META/MECH HEADER DATA CLIENT NAME Spectrum 2000 Mindware Ltd POOL/AREA Sample Alberta WELL/PROJECT My Well WELL LOCATION 01-02-03-04W5 COMPUTATION Mechanical Properties DOS FILE NAME 4METAMECH META/MECH LOG ANALYSIS MODELING 1. Calculate DTC, DTS, and DENS from Log Response Equation User MUST fill in data in White cells. User MAY over-write Intermediate answers/data in Yellow cells. Answers are in Pink cells.' OR Move to Step 2. CALCULATED LOG PARAMETERS LAYER DESCRIPTION DTC DTS Depth meters 2000 usec/m usec/m Porosity 0.25 Water 656 1050 Shale Vol 0.20 Shale 280 476 Gas,OIl, Wtr G G,O,W Hydrocrbn 1667 1050 Snd,Lim,Dol S S,L,D Matrix 182 291 Buckles Number 0.0400 0.010 to 0.100 Oil API Grav 42 10 to 50 CALCULATED MODEL RESULTS Wtr Sat Sxo 0.69 Invaded 398 518 Wtr Sat Sw 0.16 Uninvaded 533 518 Wtr Sat =1.0 1.00 Water Zone 320 518 Try each of above answer sets to see effect of fluids on Elastic Constants. 2. Enter actual log data OR use modeled results Defaults are based on data in Step 1 above. DTC DTS usec/m usec/m Your Actual Log Data or Model Goes HERE ---> 320 518 Your "No Porosity" (Matrix) Data Goes HERE --> 182 291 3. Shear modulus N, also abbreviated G or S or u (mu) For rock with porosity: 1: N = KS5 * DENS / (DTS ^ 2) For rock with no porosity: 2: No = KS5 * DENSMA / (DTSMA ^ 2) 4. Poisson's ratio P, also abbreviated with the Greek letter NU (v) or SIGMA ( ) For rock with porosity: 2: R = DTS / DTC Vp/Vs Ratio 3: PR = (0.5 * R^2 - 1) / (R^2 - 1) For rock with no porosity: 2: Ro = DTSMA / DTCMA Vp/Vs Ratio 3: PRo = (0.5 * Ro^2 - 1) / (Ro^2 - 1) 5. Bulk modulus Kb (also abbreviated B or L) For rock with porosity: 1: Kb = KS5 * DENS *(1 / DTC^2 - 4/3 * (1 / (DTS^2))) For rock with no porosity: 2: Km = KS5 * DENSMA *(1 / DTCMA^2 - 4/3 * (1 / (DTSMA^2))) 6. Bulk compressibility Cb For rock with porosity: 1: Cb = 1 / Kb For rock with no porosity: 2: Cm = 1 / Km 7. Biot's Constant ALPHA For rock with porosity: 1: ALPHA = 1 - Kb / Km For rock with no porosity, Kb = Km 2: ALPHA = 0
8. Young's modulus Y (also abbreviated E) For rock with porosity: 1: Ydyn = 2 * N * (1 + PR) 2: Yst = 10^(0.05 + 0.77 * log(DENS * Ydyn)) For rock with no porosity: 3: Ydyno = 2 * No * (1 + PRo) 4: Ysto = 10^(0.05 + 0.77 * log(DENSMA * Ydyno)) 9. Lame's Constant L (Lambda) For rock with porosity: 1: L = Y * PR / ((1 + PR) * (1 - 2 * PR)) For rock with no porosity: 2: Lo = Yo * PRo / ((1 + PRo) * (1 - 2 * PRo)) 10. Mullin's Brittleness Indicator BI For rock with porosity: 1: Y1 = 100 * (Yst/6.894 - 1) / (8 - 1) 2: PR1 = 100 * (PR - 0.40) / (0.15 - 0.40) 3: BI = (Y1 + PR1) / 2 For rock with no porosity: 4: Y1o = ((Ysto/6.894 - 1) / (8 - 1) * 100) 5: PR1o = ((PRo - 0.40) / (0.15 - 0.40)) * 100 6: BIo = (Y1p + PR1o) / 2 11. Modulus of compressibility Kc Fluid bulk modulus: PHIt = 0.30 Cwtr = 0.50 '1: Kf = 1/Cf = Sw / Cwtr + (1 - Sw) / Chyd Pore bulk modulus 2: Kp = ALPHA^2 / ((ALPHA - PHIt) / PHIt / Kf) For rock with porosity 3: Kc = Kp + Kb + 4/3 * N For rock with no porosity 4: Kc = Km + 4/3 * No 12. Overburden and Pore Pressure Gradient data KPa/m ----> OBG = 22.81 PPG = 9.81 1: Po = OBG * DEPTH 2: Pp = PPG * DEPTH 13. Fracture Pressure and Closure Stress Tectonic Stress Data KPa ----> 1000 Tensile Strength For rocks with porosity: 1: Px = (PR / (1 PR)) * Po + (1 (PR / (1 PR))) * Pp * ALPHA + Pext 2: Py = (PR / (1 PR)) * Po + (1 (PR / (1 PR))) * Pp * ALPHA Fracture pressure and fracture pressure gradient are: 3: Pf = 3 * Px Py + Ts 4: FPG = Pf / DEPTH Closure Stress and Closure Stress Gradient 5: Pclos = Py 6: CPG = Pclos/DEPTH For rocks with no porosity (ALPHA = 0): 1: Px = (PRo / (1 PRo)) * Po + Pext 2: Py = (PRo / (1 PRo)) * Po Fracture pressure and fracture pressure gradient are: 3: Pf = 3 * Px Py + Ts 4: FPG = Pf / DEPTH Closure Stress and Closure Stress Gradient 5: Pclos = Py 6: CPG = Pclos/DEPTH META/LOG CONSTANTS A Knowledge Based System For Formation Evaluation Spectrum 2000 Mindware, Rocky Mountain House, AB, T4T 2A2 1-403-845-2527 METRIC CONVR VSHMAX 15Nov2006 Used English Metric 1.00 0.00 1.00 ANALYST E. R. Crain, P.Eng. 21.50 6.70 21.50 DATE 19-Sep 3914 1.80 1.00 1.80 ZONES MyZone1 32.00 0.00 32.00 MyZone3 3.28 1.00 3.28 TESTED OIL 0.30 1.00 0.30 UNITS M (MorE) 2650.00 2.65 2650 2710.00 2.71 2710 META/MECH LOG ANALYSIS MODELING 1.00 0.16 1.00 This is Metric spreadsheet 1000.00 1.00 1000 No English units version available yet. CALCULATED LOG PARAMETERS DENS 2149.00 162.60 2149 Kg/m3 Over-write Defaults 1000 If Desired 2.15 162.60 2.15 2300 273.00 460 273 262 1.31 1424 1.31 2650 feet 1.51 1637 1.51 us/ft 101.35 14.65 101.4 CALCULATED MODEL RESULTS 2111 Logs see these values psi 175.87 4.53 175.9 2013 Seismic sees these values 2168 Mech Prop needs these values DENS Kg/m3 2168 Over-write Defaults 2650 If Desired 8.09 GPa 31.25 GPa 4. Poisson's ratio P, also abbreviated with the Greek letter NU (v) or SIGMA ( ) 1.62 frac 0.191 frac 1.60 frac 0.179 frac 10.37 GPa 38.33 GPa 0.096 GPa-1 0.026 GPa-1 0.729 frac 0.000 frac 19.25 GPa 13.73 GPa NOTE: This is only one of many Yst transforms. 73.72 GPa See course manual 65.15 GPa for details. 4.98 GPa 17.50 GPa 14.17 83.74 48.96 120.73 88.21 104.47 Sw = 0.25 frac Chyd = 2.50 GPa-1 0.656 GPa-1 0.093 GPa 21.25 GPa 80.00 GPa Depth = 2000 meters 45628 KPa 19620 KPa 1000 22688 KPa 21688 KPa 47376 KPa 23.7 KPa/meter 21687.9 KPa/meter 10.8 KPa/meter 10981 KPa 9981 KPa 23962 KPa 12.0 KPa/meter 9981.1 KPa/meter 5.0 KPa/meter META/LOG CONSTANTS VSHMAX PHIMIN SWMAX PRMmin frac frac frac md 0.40 #REF! 1.00 #REF! #REF! #REF! 0.50 #REF! 0.40 #REF! 0.30 #REF! 0.0 to 99999 Depthcut 41.00 Start line# DON'T MESS WITH THESE NUMBERS