Latin roots - Genocide

Term was not coined until the Holocaust

Geno: Race
Cide: Killing

We are in the presence of a crime without a name.
- Winston Churchill describing the brutality of the German forces occupying Russia,
1941.

Cultural identity: identity of a group or culture; how a person is influenced by
belonging to a group
The Herero Genocide, 1904-05

The Armenian Genocide, 1915-23

The Ukrainian Famine, 1932-1933

The Nanking Massacre, 1937-1938

The World War II Holocaust,1942-45

The Cambodian Genocide, 1975-79


The East Timor Genocide, 1975-1999

The Mayan Genocide,1981-83

Iraq, 1988

The Bosnian Genocide, 1991-1995

The Rwandan Genocide, 1994

The Darfur Genocide, 2003-present

What started it: The Herero tribe rebelled against the invading
German colonists after decades of corruption and land-seizing
They killed only the male colonists, spared the missionaries,
women, and children
Colonists used brute force and armed men to corner the Herero
Starvation, forced-labor, and slavery
Before the uprising, 80000 tribe members
15,000 remained



Nambia, 1904-1905

Death toll: 60,000
(3/4 of the
population)


Lothar von Trotha, the officer who gave
orders for extermination of the Herero
tribe

Any Herero found within German
borders, with or without a gun, will be
shot. No prisoners will be taken. This is
my decision for the Herero people.
October 2, 1904
What started it: Conflicts between Turkey and Russia
over Armenia led to Armenian confidence and demand
for political reform
Under the cover of war, the Ottoman government
decided to get rid of Turkey's Armenian population
April 20, 1915: orders sent to every police station in the
country to occur at the same time
Deportations, death marches, and massacres

It was easy to hide because of the war that was
happening
Ottoman Empire,
1915-1923

Death toll: 1.5
million
"Who, after all,
speaks today of
the annihilation
of the
Armenians?"

- Adolf Hitler on
his plans for
genocide,
August 22, 1939
Russia actively tried to enforce communist policies on
Ukraine
Russia seized Ukraine's fertile land and the majority of
its food supplies in 1932
At the same time, a natural drought happened-1 million
people starved to death
Russian government demanded that the farmers of
Ukraine hand over their farms for "collectivisation"
Food shortages followed, leading to a man-made famine
7 million died of starvation
Massive numbers of people were shot as well
"Holodomor" - Death by forced starvation


Ukraine, 1932-1933

Death toll: 7 million
"The oldest Ukrainians
can remember living
through two world
wars, a revolution, a
civil war, three
famines, violent
occupation by 4
armies, and
deportation to Siberian
labour camps."
Soviet prisoners of war 3.3 million
Non-Jewish Poles- 1.8-2 million
Disabled 200,000 250,000
Romanis (gypsies) 220,000- 270,000 (might be even
bigger)
Homosexuals 5,000 15,000
Jehovah Witnesses 2,500 5,000
Jews 5.9 million Led by the Nazi Party of Germany
Europe 1942-1945

Death toll: 6 million
Jews, millions of
others
Total is still
unknown
What started it: After the monarch's removal by general
Lon Nol, the prince joined a group known as Khmer
Rouge and attacked, leading to civil war.
Khmer Rouge leader: Pol Pot
Pol Pot worked to build a communist society based on
China's government
Political and civil rights were taken away
Professional people were killed along with their families
Those not killed were made laborers, relationships and
affection were banned
Many workers died of exhaustion and starvation

"To spare you is no profit, to destroy you is no loss." -
Khmer slogan
Cambodia, 1975-79

Death toll: 2 million
What started it: Years of civil unrest and
political exchanges, eventually leading to the
fear that the Mayan Indians would rebel
The Guatemalan army attacked 626 villages
Vandalism, demolition, and violations of
sacred places and cultural symbols
Sexual violence against women and children

The U.S. gave military support to the
Guatemalan government at this time
Guatemala, 1981-
1983

Death toll: Tens of
thousands
Hutus: the majority of the population, mainly crop-
growers
Tutsis: herdsmen from northern Africa
Divide occurred with colonization - Tutsis were thought
by Europeans to be more privileged and educated
because of their appearance
April 6 1994: Assassination of the Rwandan president
triggered the Hutus
Word spread that the Tutsis be wiped out
Intermarried Hutus advised to kill their spouses
Killed by hand (machetes, clubs)

Broadcast and televised
Rwanda, 1994

Death toll: 800,000
Historic rivalry between the Sudanese
Liberation Movement and Justice and
Equality Movement
Carried out by the Janjaweed
(government-funded group)
Long history of civil war and political
unrest
Hundreds of thousands of Sudanese
men, women, and children killed
2.8 million have been displaced
Sudan, 2003-now

Death toll: subject
to debate, numbers
range from 100,000
to 500,000

Why does genocide happen?
What happens to the cultures of these victims?
What happens to the survivors?
http://www.ppu.org.uk/index.html
worldwithoutgenocide.org