Мамаев-SQL Server 2000 PDF

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MS SQL SERVER 2000

- Microsoft SQL Server 2000.
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SQL Server 2000.
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I. SQL SERVER 200 0

1. SQL Server 2000

Web

2. SQL Server 2000
SQL Server 2000
MSSQLServer
SQLServerAgent
Jobs
Operators
Alerts
Microsoft Search
MSDTC
SQL Server 2000
Master
1
3
5
5
5
6
7
8
8
9
9
11
12
13
14
15
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16
16
17
18
18
19
20
20
21
22
Model
Tempdb
Msdb
3. SQL Server 2000

SQL Server 2000
Enterprise Manager
SQL Server Service Manager

SQL Server Profiler
Query Analyzer
Upgrade Wizard
Import and Export Data
Client Network Utility Server Network Utility

. SQL SERVER 2000
4. SQL Server 2000

Windows NT
Windows 2000

Unicode
SQL Server 2000

Windows NT 4.0
Windows 2000

5. SQL Server 2000
SQL Server 6.x
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28
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SQL Server 7.0
SQL Server
6. SQL Server 2000

SQL Server 2000

.
7. SQL Server 2000
,
Enterprise Manager
Services

Transact-SQL
SQL Server 2000

Enterprise Manager
Services
SQL Server 2000

8. SQL Server 2000
MSSQLServer
General
Memory
Processor
Security
Connections
Server Settings
Database Settings
Replication
SQLServerAgent
1
Advanced
84
85
87
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90
90
92
94
113
113
120
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125
131
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146
147
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150
153
155
157
159
161
161
163
167
169
174
175
178
181
185
185
186
187
Alert System
Job System
Connections
npone,nypbisp_configure
9. SQL Server 2000

Windows NT
SQL Server

Transact-SQL
SQL Server
Windows NT
Enterprise Manager

TransactSQL

Transact-SQL

Transact-SQL

TransactSQL

Transact-SQL

189
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250
250
254
257
258
260

10.

Transact-SQL

Enterprise Manager

Transact-SQL

Enterprise Manager
11.

Data Transformation Service
DTS
DTS Export Import Wizard

262
264
265
268
269
279
280
283
283
288
289
292
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315
317
318
319
319
323
324
325
328
328
330
335
336
338
341
342
344
Column Mappings
Transformations
Constraints

DTS Designer

File Transfer Protocol Task
ActiveX Script Task
Transform Data Task
Execute Process Task
Execute SQL Task
Data Driven Query Task
Copy SQL Server Objects Task
Send Mail Task
Bulk Insert Task
Execute Package Task
Message Queue Task
Transfer Error Messages Task
Transfer Databases Task
Transfer Master Stored Procedures Task
Transfer Jobs Task
Transfer Logins Task
Dynamic Properties Task

12. SQL Server 2000

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436
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463
465
468
469
470
471

Create Job Wizard
Enterprise Manager

Transact-SQL

Create Alert Wizard
Enterprise Manager
Transact-SQL

475
476
477
477
481
481
484
488
491
492
494
495
495
498
501
502
502
Enterprise Manager
Transact-SQL

Database Maintenance Plan Wizard
13.

Transact-SQL

502
505
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507
507
508
512
513
515
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526
527
529
530
532
534
535
538
539
541
542
543
544
549

Enterprise Manager

Transact-SQL

Enterprise Manager
14.

580
Snapshot Agent
Log Reader Agent
Queue Reader Agent
Distribution Agent
Merge Agent

582
583
584
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596
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608
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579
614
615
619
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626
628
638
645
646
647
662
669
669
670
681

15.

Performance Monitor
Task Manager
Event Viewer
SQL Server Profiler

Sessions
Objects
Scans
TSQL
Cursors
Stored Procedures
Error and Warning
Transactions
Locks
Databases
Performance
Server
Security Audit
User Configurable

Transact-SQL
16.

682
683
685
686
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689
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760
761
767
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771
772
775

RAID

IV.
17.

18.

19.

,

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845
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858
859
860
861
864
867
869

20.

Transact-SQL

Enterprise Manager
Create Database Wizard

Transact-SQL
spdboption

Enterprise Manager

21.

Check
Null
Default
Unique
Primary Key
Foreign Key
No Action
Cascade
870
872
872
874
877
878
881
881
881
883
884
885
885
891
892
894
897
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918
920
926
931
938
942
945
946
947
947
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949
950
951
952
953
953

Transact-SQL

Enterprise Manager

22.

Transact-SQL
Enterprise Manager
Create View Wizard

23.

954
955
956
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958
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963
966
967
968
973
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1005
1009
1009
1010
1011
1012
1014
1015
1017
1019
1020
1022
1024
1025
1027

Transact-SQL
Enterprise Manager
Create Index Wizard

24.

V.
25. Transact-SQL

CASE
COALESCE
ISNULL

BEGIN
END
IF
ELSE
WHILE
CONTINUE
GOTO
USE
WAIT...FOR
GO
26. SQL Server 2000

1025
1030
1030
1035
1038
1042
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" "

27. SQL Server 2000

,
Scalar
Inline
Multi-statement

28. ,

INSERT
SELECT...INTO

bcp.exe
bcp.exe
bcp.exe

BULK INSERT
29.
SELECT
INTO
FROM
WHERE
1091
1092
1093
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1100
1101
1103
1104
1105
1107
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1121
1121
1122
1127
1134
1135
1136
1137
1145
1146
1153
1158
1159
1165
1165
1173
GROUP BY
HAVING
UNION
ORDER BY
COMPUTE
FOR
OPTION
30.

31.

Transact-SQL

32.

1177
1185
1186
1190
1192
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1200
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1249

1253

ALTER FUNCTION 1119
@
ALTER PROCEDURE 1214
CONNECTIONS 1101
@@CPU_BUSY1112
ALTER TABLE 970
@@CURSOR_ROWS 1103, 1237
ALTER TRIGGER 1246
@@DATEF1RST11O1
ALTER VIEW 1011
@@DBTS 1101
AND 1078
@@ERROR1110
ANY 1079
@@FETCH_STATUS 1103, 1238
APP_NAME()1111
@@IDENTITY1111
AS 1162
@@IDLE1112
ASC1190
@@IO_BUSY1112
ASCII 1109
@@LANGID1101
ASIN1106
@@LANGUAGE1101
ATAN1106
@@LOCK_TIMEOUT 1102
ATN21106
@@MAX_CONNECTIONS 176, 1102
AVG1178
@@MAX_PRECIS1ON 1102
@@NESTLEVEL1102
BACKUP DATABASE 526, 544, 549
@@OPTIONS1102
BACKUP LOG 550, 926
@@PACK_RECEIVED 1112
BEGIN DISTRIBUTED TRAN 861
@@PACK_SENT1113
BEGIN TRAN 853
@@PACKET_ERRORS 1113
BEGIN...END 1083
@@PROCID1107
BETWEEN 1078
@@REMSERVER1102
bigint 1089
@@ROWCOUNT1111
binary 64, 1094
@@SERVERNAME 1102
bit 1098
@@SERVICENAME 1102
bitwise NOT 1072
@@SPID1102
BULK INSERT 1153
@@TEXTSIZE1102
bulkadmin 222
@@T1METICKS1113
@@TOTAL_ERRORS 1113
CASCADE 953
@@TOTAL_READ 1113
CASE 1066
@@TOTAL_WRITE 1113
CAST 1099
@@TRANCOUNT 864, 1111
CEILING 1106
@@VERSION1102
CHAR 1109
A
CHARINDEX1109
ABS1105
CHECK 948
ACOS1105
CLOSE 1236
ALL 1079, 1159, 1181, 1187
COALESCE 1069
ALTER DATABASE 938
COL LENGTH 1107
COLNAME1107
COLLATION PROPERTY 889, 1111
COLUMNPROPERTY 1107
COLUMNS_UPDATED() 1248
COMMIT IRAN 854
COMPUTE 1192 console.exe 39
CONTAINS 1176
CONVERT 1099
COS 1106
COT 1106
COUNT 1178
CREATE DATABASE 892
CREATE DEFAULT 828
CREATE FUNCTION 1115
CREATE INDEX 1030
CREATE PROCEDURE 1204
CREATE RULE 836
CREATE STATISTICS 1048
CREATE TABLE 958
CREATE TRIGGER 1242
CREATE VIEW 996
CUBE 1182
CURRENTTIMESTAMP 1111
CURRENTUSER 1111
cursor 1098
CURSOR_STATUS 1103
D
DATABASEPROPERTY 1107
DATABASEPROPERTY() 922
DATABASEPROPERTYEX() 922
DATALENGTH1111
DATE ADD 1104
DATEDIFF1104
DATENAME1104
DATEPART1105
datetime 1092
DAY 1105
dbaccessadmin 234
dbbackupoperator 234
dbdatareader 234
dbdatawriter 234
dbddladmin 234
dbdenydatareader 234
dbdenydatawriter 234
DBID1107
DBNAME1107
dbowner 234
dbsecurityadmin 234
DBCC:
DBREINDEX 1042
SETINSTANCE 725
SHOW_STATISTICS 1052
SHOWCONTIG 1044
SHRINKDATABASE 930
SHRINKFILE 927
SQLPERF925
dbcreator 222
dbo227
DEALLOCATE 1237
decimal 1090
DECLARE 1059
DECLARE CURSOR 1224
DEFAULT 950
DEGREES 1106
DELETE 1134
DENY 258
DESC1190
DIFFERENCE 1109
diskadmin 222
DISTINCT 1160
distrib.exe 40, 585
DROP DATABASE 945
DROP DEFAULT 831
DROP FUNCTION 1120
DROP INDEX 1044
DROP PROCEDURE 1216
DROP RULE 837
DROP STATISTICS 1053
DROP TABLE 980
DROP TRIGGER 1247
DROP VIEW 1016
dtsrun.exe 333
dtsrun.exe 39
dtswiz.exe 39
E
EXISTS 1080, 1176
1106
EXPAND VIEWS 1199
F
FAST 1198
FETCH 1229
FILE ID 1107
FILENAME1107
FILEGROUPJD1107
FILEGROUP_NAME 1108
FILEGROUPPROPERTY 1108
FILEPRQPERTY1108
float 1091
FLOOR 1106
FOR 1197
FORCE ORDER 1198
FORMATMESSAGE 1111
FREETEXT1176
FROM 1165
FULL OUTER 1169
FULLTEXTCATALOGPROPERTY
1108
FULLTEXTSERVICEPROPERT
Y1108
G
GETANSINULL1111
GETDATE()1105
GO 1087
GOTO 1085
GRANT 254
Grid Pane 391
GROUP BY 1177
guest 227
GUID 609, 1097
H
HAS_DB ACCESS 1108
HAVING 1185
HOST_ID()1111
HOST_NAME()1111
I
IAM813
IDENTINCR1111
IDENTSEED1111
IDENTITY 956, 1
IDENTITYCOL1161
IF...ELSE 1083
IN 1080
INDEXCOL1108
INDEXPROPERTYH08
INNER 1168
INSENSITIVE 1225
INSERT 325, 1122
int 1089
INTO 1165
IS_MEMBER1108
IS_SRVROLEMEMBER 1108
ISDATE1105
ISNULL1070, 1111
ISNUMERIC1106
isql.exe 39
isqlw.exe 39
itwiz.exe 39
KEEP PLAN 1199

KEEPFIXED PLAN 1199
L
LEFT 1109
LEFT OUTER 1168
LEN1109
LIKE 1081
LOG 1106
LOG10 1106
logread.exe 40, 583
LOWER 1109
LTR1M1109
M
makepipe.exe 39
Master 22
MAX 1178
MIN1178
Model 24
money 1091
MONTH 1105
Msdb26
msmergecontents 610, 611
msmergetombsto'ne 610
msrepltransactions 603
N
nchar 1095, 1109
NEWIDQ1112
NO ACTION 953
NOT 1078
ntext 1096
NULL 949
NULLIF1112
numeric 1090
nvarchar 1096
OBJECTNAME1108
OBJECTPROPERTY 1108
odbccmpt.exe 39
odbcping.exe 40
OPEN 1228
OPTION 1198
OR 1078
ORDER BY 1190
osql.exe 40
OUTPUT 1209
P
PARSENAME1112
PATINDEX1109
PERCENT 1160
PERMISSIONS 1112
PI 1106
POWER 1106
PRINT 1059
processadmin 222
Profiler 34
Q
qrdrsvc.exe 584
QUOTENAME1109
R
RADIANS 1106
RAID 778
RAND 1106
READ ONLY 1225
readpipe.exe 40
real 1091
rebuildm.exe 40, 120, 540'
RECOVERY 774
Remsetup.exe 79
REPLACE 1110
REPLICATE 1110
replmerg.exe 40, 587
RESTORE DATABASE 563, 565
RESTORE LOG 566
RETURN 1213
REVERSE 1110
REVOKE 259
RIGHT 1110
RIGHT OUTER 1169
ROBUST PLAN 1198
ROLLBACK TRAN 854
ROLLBACK WORK 854
ROLLUP1182
ROUND 1106
ROWCOUNT_BIG() 1112
ROWGUID 609, 610
ROWGUIDCOL 609, 950, 1162
RTRIM1110
S
sa221
SAVE TRAN 853
scm.exe 40
SCROLL 1225
securityadmin 222
SELECT 1159
SELECT INTO 325
SELECT...INTO1127
SERVERPROPERTY 1112
SESSION_USER1112
SET:
ANSI_NULL_DFLT_OFF 949
ANSI_NULL_DFLT_ON 949
DEADLOCKPRIORITY 880
IDENTITYINSERT 957
IMPLICITTRANSACTION
OFF 852
ON 856
LOCKITIMEOUT 867
QUOTEDIDENTIFIER 824
REMOTE PROC TRANS 861
TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL

869
setupadmin 222
Setupsql.exe 75, 77
SHUTDOWN 147
SID 203, 1093
SIGN 1107
SIN 1107
smalldatetime 1092
smallint 1089
smallmoney 1091
snapshot.exe 40, 582
SOME 1079
SOUNDEX1110
spaddalert 501
s p a d d j o b 493
spaddoperator 505
spaddapprole 244
spaddextendedproc 1202
spaddgroup 241
spaddlinkedserver 283
spaddlinkedsrvlogin 290
spaddlogin 208
spaddremotelogin 313
spaddrole 240
spaddrolemember 236
spaddserver 308
spaddsrvrolemember 223
spaddtype 840
spadduser 231
spattachdb 542, 944
spattachsinglefiledb 944
sp_bindefault 829
spbindrule 837
spchangedbowner 919
spchangeobjectowner 825,1016
spconfigure 162, 193
allow update 230, 492
allow updates 179
cost threshold for parallelism 173
default language 179
fill factor 183
'locks' 865
'max server memory' 168

'max worker threads' 171
'min memory per query' 169
'min server memory' 168
'nested triggers' 180
'priority boost1 172
'query governor cost limit' 180
'recovery interval' 184
'remote access' 177
'remote proc trans' 177, 861
'remote query timeout' 177
'set working set size' 169
'show advanced options' 163
'two digit year cutoff 181
'user connections' 176
spdboption 912
spdepends 978,1015
spdetachdb 542, 942
spdropapprole 246
spdroplinkedsrvlogin 295
spdropremotelogin 318
spdroprole 242
spdroprolemember 237
spdropserver 298
spdropsrvrolemember 224
spdroptype 842
spdropuser 233
spfkeys 979
sp_grantdbaccess 231
spAgrantlogin 212
spjielp 974, 1012
sphelpdb 920
spjielpfile 921
sphelpfilegroup 921
sphelplinkedsrvlogin 292
sphelpremotelogin 315
sphelprolemember 237
sphelprotect 260
sphelpsrvrole 224
sphelpsrvrolemember 223
spjielptext 206
sphelpuser 231
spremoteoption 317
sprename 1010,1043
sp_renamedb918
sprevokedbaccess 232
spserveroption 295
spsetapprole 245
spspaceused 924
spunbindefault 831
spunbindrule 837
spupdatestats 1051
spusercounter 724
SPACE 1,110
sqlvariant 1098
sqlagent.exe 40
sqlcli.bat 78
sqlcst.bat 78
sqldiag.exe 40
sqlftwiz.exe 41
sqlins.bat 78
sqlmaint.exe 40
sqlrem.bat 78
sqlservr.exe 40, 147
sqltrace.exe 761
sqlupg.bat 78
SQRT1107
SQUARE 1107
STANDBY 774
STATSDATE1112
STDEVU93
STDEVP1193
STR1110
STUFF 1110
SUBSTRING 1110
SUM 1178
SUSER_SID1109
SUSER_SID() 230
SUSERSNAME1109
sysadmin221,222
sysalerts 474
sysdatabases 891
sysdepends 1015
sysindexes 1048
syslogins 206
sysoperators 505
sysservers 281
SYSTEMUSER1112
systypes 840
sysusers 228
sysxlogins 206, 289
T
TAN 1107
Tempdb 25
text 1096
timestamp 617, 1097
tinyint 1089
TOP 1160
TRIGGER_NESTLEVEL([object_id])
1248
TYPEPROPERTY 1108
u
UNION 1186
UNIQUE 951
UPDATE 1130, 1248
UPDATE STATISTICS 1049
UPPER 1110
USE 1086
USERID1109
V
VAR1193
varbinary 1094
varchar 1095
VARP1193
VARYING 1210
vswitch.exe 41, 90
W
WAITFOR 1086
WHERE 1173
WHILE...CONTINUE 1084
WITH TIES 1160
A
264
120
468
526
791
719
:
884
806
184
885
938
917
883
427
885
820
542, 942
918
881
920
541, 942
785, 794
: 184
881
579
787
21
891
945
926
911
785
845, 847
864
:
865
866
877
849
848, 878
848
:
849
850
849
850
872
870
867
575
775
227
180
410
172
773
1058
799
776
1158
1062
1060

609, 1097
575
772
:
279
811
809
824

860

73

663
662
Windows NT
205
11216, 1122, 1127
204
791
3
379
430
788, 791
1057

180
-
177
173
:
SQL Server 2000 147, 155, 157, 159
419
417
780
779
203,
1093
200
798
1130
73, 122
324
1027
820, 1017
1019
1022
1020
1043
1042
1027
1030
1044
1024
1029
1025
DTS Designer 376
379
ActiveX Script 384
Bulk Insert 430
Copy SQL Server Objects 427, 448
Data Driven Query 423
Dynamic Properties 456
Execute Package 436
Execute Process 417
Execute SQL 419
File Transfer Protocol 381
Message Queue 440

Send Mail 429
Transfer Database 454
Transfer Error Messages 446,453
Transfer Jobs 453
Transform Data 387
378
169

169
537
792
737
737
775, 777
- 786
126
792, 820
65
738, 791
1062
184
181
178
586

616, 858
423
526, 535,
543
791
1217
1229
1223
1237
1236
1232
1223
1221
1224
1237
1228
1219, 1222
1219
1220
1234
:
1061
53
536
790

175
1135
RAID 779
41
:
849, 866
858
1085
788
582, 597
719
Event Viewer 735
Performance Monitor 722
SQL Server Profiler 736
Task Manager 732
720
737
761
741
63, 65
885
171
799
81

859
722
265
821

823
1062
:
189
190
1062, 1072

821, 839

821
776
790, 791
DTS 330, 456, 463

1087

395
1058, 1063
:
188
508
325
52, 63
1064
788, 791
:
224
53
53
63, 64
171
180
55, 234, 247
821, 835
820, 995
761
74, 122
:
858
858
182, 517
184
772
185, 572
221, 234
280
269
69, 121
198
179
120
1025
:
SQL Server 2000 16, 119, 161
328
472, 737
TCP/IP 74, 122
66 Unicode
63
189
823
1048
517
45
791
811
791
790, 791
120
722
790, 820, 946

RAID 778
1088
853
845, 854
821, 1239
1134
307
820, 827
:
507
167
268
531
45, 74, 92
38
205, 209, 221
76
- 786
807
181, 1025
1063, 1100
X
821, 1200
173
324
811
429
178

1057

Microsoft SQL Server 2000.
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SQL Server 2000,

.

SQL Server 2000 ,
SQL Server 7.0. , .
, ,
.

,
, SQL Server 2000
. SQL Server 7.0 SQL Server 7.0 SQL Server 6.x.
- .
SQL Server .
SQL Server 2000
() SQL Server 2000,
I. SQL Server 2000
(MSSQLServer SQLServerAgent),
.
. SQL Server
, .
.
, . ,
. (default instance). , , (named
instance),
. , TRELON
STORAGE STORAGE\TRELON.
SQL Server 7.0 SQL

Server 6.x. SQL
Server 2000. , SQL
Server 2000, , , SQL Server 7.0.
SQL Server 2000 . SQL Server 2000

, Unicode.
(collation),
.
SQL Server 2000 SQL Server 7.0 , . ,
.
, SQL Server 7.0
,
. ,
Unicode . , , , ,
- . , SQL Server 2000
, pubs Northwind.
, ,
SQL Server 2000 . , ,
1. SQL Server 2000
. . , , (case insensitive),
, .
AUTHORS Authors .
, . , (case insensitive),
.

, , . ,
. , SQL Server 2000
.

SQL Server 7.0
, Microsoft .
. , , . . ,
, , , , . ,
, . ,
, , , . .
SQL Server 2000 . ,
, .
,
. t a b l e . , . ,
GetPeople, , ,
:
SELECT * FROM GetPeople(' 1 )
,
27.
I. SQL Server 2000

. , , SQL Server 2000. , SQL Server 2000
, INSTEAD OF. SQL Server , , , ,
. , , . SQL Server 2000
AFTER.
INSTEAD OF (instead) , . , , , INSTEAD OF.
, . SQL Server 2000 , . ,
,
.
INSTEAD OF. .

.

(computed columns), SQL Server.
. .
SQL Server 2000
. , . ,
, ( ) .
, ,
Tempdb. Tempdb
. 23.
1. SQL Server 2000

SQL Server
.

,
. - , .

.
SQL Server 7.0 , .
SQL Server 2000 , . . SQL Server 2000
.
Web
, SQL Server 2000,
. ,
SQL Server 2000. ,
, , SQL Server 2000.
, . ,

.
SQL Server
. .
Web Assistant Wizard , , , HTML-.
. , , . , . .
10
I. SQL Server 2000
SQL Server 2000

. Web Assistant Wizard XML,
,
SQL Server 2000.
, , SQL Server 2000
XML. , . SQL
Server 2000 . ,
.
XML SQL Server 2000 ! SELECT, FOR. FOE
XML,
XML. , (
RAW), ( AUTO) ( EXPLICIT).
authors
pubs:
SELECT TOP 3 au_lname FROM authors FOR XML RAW
:
XML_F52E2B61-18Al-lldl-B105-00805F49916B
<row au_lname="Bennet"/>
<row au_lname="Blotchet-Halls"/>
row au_lname="Carson"/>
(3 row(s) affected)
, Query Analyzer.
, XML. , -. . Address Internet Explorer :
http: /7storage/matrix?sql=select+'<ROOT>'; select+top+3+au_lname+from+authors
+for+xml+raw;select+'</ROOT>'
('
, Internet Information Server (MS)

XML SQL Server 2000,
(virtual directory). , HTML
Web Assistant Wizard IIS . ,
intranet, - Web-,
Internet Information Server, Microsoft Windows 2000.
1. SQL Server 2000
1J_
. 1.1. - , XML , ,
, .
. 1.1.

. SQL Server (fail-over support)
(standby server). SQL Server 2000,
.
,
. ,
, . , .
,
. , .
. . ,
. ,
, (node).
I. SQL Server 2000
. .
,
, , . , ,
. ,
.
RAID, . , . RAID .
. RAID
16.
SQL Server . SQL Server 2000 ,
. SQL Server 2000 .
SQL Server 2000.
, ( )
. , .
SQL Server 2000 , (). , . 16.
SQL Server 2000

. , , SQL Server 7.0 ,
.
,
, , .
SQL Server 7.0 SQL Server 6.x. (merge replication), (immediately update subscriber).
, . , , ,
1. SQL Server 2000
13_
() .

. .
.
.
SQL Server 2000 (Queue updating), , ,

,

(). (queue), , .
. , SQL Server 2000
.
, .
, ,

,
, .
( ),
, .
, ,
. SQL
Server 7.0, , .
,
, 14.

SQL Server 2000 SQL Server 7.0, , :
b i g i n t "" integer,
8 . , SQL Server 7.0 i n t , 4 . , .
i n t -,
,
14
I. SQL Server 2000
.
b i g i n t .
sqi v a r i a n t , , .
s q l v a r i a n t ,
SQL Server 2000. ,
( , ),
, , . .
table ,
. t a b l e
, . . . ,
t a b l e , , . . ,
. table
INSERT, DELETE, UPDATE SELECT,
. table
(user-defined
function) .
SQL Server 2000,
, 26.
27.

, .
SELECT,
.
. . ,
,
. SQL Server , .
SQL Server 2000 . ,
, . ,
. , .

, .
, . , , ,
1. SQL Server 2000
15_
. , .
,
. ,
, , . SQL
Server 2000 . , , .
, . 23. ,
.
, SQL Server 2000 .

SQL Server 2000 ,
Windows 98, . ,
SQL Server 2000, , (engine) . SQL Server 2000
. , , SQL Server 2000.
,
SQL Server 2000 ,
.
, SQL Server 2000
(Personal Edition), Windows 98 ( ), Enterprise Edition,
32 64 , .
, , SQL Server 2000 Windows
DNA 2000, Web-,
, -
Business Internet.
2 . 1207
SQL Server 2000

SQL Server 2000
, ,
. Microsoft SQL Server 2000,
. SQL Server 2000, .
SQL Server 2000, .
SQL Server 2000

,
Windows NT Windows 2000, Microsoft SQL Server 2000 ,
. SQL Server:
MSSQLServer;
SQLServerAgent;
Microsoft Search (MSSearch);

Microsoft Distributed Transaction Coordinator (MSDTC).
SQL Server 2000 , ,
.
Windows 95/98 , SQL Server 2000

. , SQL Server 2000 . Microsoft Windows 95/98, Windows NT. SQL Server 2000.
MSSQLServer
MSSQLServer SQL Server 2000 . MSSQLServer -
2. SQL Server 2000
17_
, , , , ,
.
MSSQLServer
SQL Server 2000 . MSSQLServer SQL Server . , .
MSSQLServer ""
.
MSSQLServer,
SQL Server 2000. MSSQLServer
, SQLServerAgent, .
SQLServerAgent
SQLServerAgent, , SQL Server 2000.
. SQLServerAgent
,
. ,
. .
SQLServerAgent
MSSQLServer. SQLServerAgent, SQLServeiAgent MSSQLServer. SQLServerAgent
SQL Server 2000 ,
. ,
SQLServerAgent, , ,
, MSSQLServer.
SQLServerAgent MSSQLServer
, .
SQLServerAgent :
Jobs ();
Operators ();
Alerts ().
2*
18
I. SQL Server 2000
, , Msdb. SQLServerAgent .
"" , SQLServerAgent .
, .
Enterprise Manager. Transact-SQL.
SQL-DMO.
, , . SQLDMO .
SQLServerAgent
, . SQLServerAgent . ,
SQL Server 2000.
SQL Server 2000
12.
SQLServerAgent.
Jobs
, . (schedule)
. , (on demand), . . . (step).
Transact-SQL, , Windows, VBScript JavaScript .
SQLServerAgent , .
. ,
, SQLServerAgent ,

. SQLServerAgent
, ,
.
Operators
. , . .
2. SQL Server 2000
19_

.
, ,
. , , ,
. . . , . , ,
. . ,
, . , .
SQL Server 2000 , , , . SQLServerAgent.
,
.
SQLServerAgent
. ,
NET SEND, . NET SEND , , , - . NET
SEND .
Alerts
Alerts , SQL
Server 2000.
SQLServerAgent
. SQL Server 2000
,
SQL Server 2000. , .
, , .

.
. , , .
SQL
Server 2000 .
20
I. SQL Server 2000
Microsoft Search
Microsoft Search (MSSearch), Full-Text Search,
SQL
Server 2000. SQL Server 2000
.
Microsoft Search (full-text
search).
, , .
, .
Microsoft
. , Microsoft Internet Information Server
Index Server,
HTML-.
SQL Server 2000 (full-text catalog) (full-text index).

. MSSearch. MSSQLServer MSSearch
(full-text provider).
MSSearch
(repopulation) .
, (rebuild)
. ,
.
. ,
.
MSSearch Windows NT
Windows NT Server. SQL Server Desktop Engine. MSSearch SQL Server Standard Edition SQL Server Enterprise Edition.
, , Windows 95/98 Windows NT
Workstation,
MSSearch.
MSDTC
SQL Server 2000 . , -
2. SQL Server 2000
21_
. ,
Microsoft SQL Server 2000, ,
OLE DB.
, Oracle, FoxPro, MS Access . .,
, ,
MS Excel .
SQL
Server 2000 (distributed transaction).
(Distributed Transaction Coordinator). SQL Server 2000 MSDTC.
, . , . MSDTC
.
, . MSDTC , .
(2, two-phase commit protocol). . " " 14.
, ,
, , SQL Server 2000 .
SQL Server 2000

SQL Server 2000 .
SQL Server 2000
.
. Windows, .
.
SQL
Server 2000. :
Master;
Model;
Tempdb;
Msdb.

, . , . . . SQL Server 2000. -
22
I. SQL Server 2000
SELECT, INSERT,
UPDATE DELETE. , SQL Server 2000
. ,
SELECT.
SQL Server 2000
, . Microsoft , .
, . Microsoft
SQL
Server. SQL Server 2000
, , . Microsoft , . , ,
SQL Server 6.x, , SQL Server 2000,
SQL Server .

Enterprise Manager
SQL-DMO. SQL Server 2000 20. .
Master
SQL Server 2000.
, Windows.

. Master , , , .
. 2.1 Master,
.
2.1. Master

Sysaltfiles
Master, , , , . .
Syscacheobjects
2. SQL Server 2000
23
2.1 ()

Syscharsets
Sysconfigures
,
,
Syscurconfigs
, . .
, .
Sysconf igures
Sysdatabases

, ID, , . .
Sysdevices

. SQL Server 2000
SQL Server 6.x
Syslanguages
,
, . . . .
, . .
Syslockinfo

, "", , , ID
Syslogins
, , , ID . .
Sysmessages
.
, ,
,
Sysoledbusers
.
,
Sysperfinfo
SQL Server 2000.

Performance Monitor
Sysprocesses

, SQL Server
1. SQL Server 2000
24
2.1 ()

Sysremotelogins
, . , SUID,
SID, ID . .
Sysservers
SQL Server,
OLE DB SQL Server 2000
Master Data SQL Server 2000. :

Master.mdf , .
8 ;
Master.ldf ,
. I .
Model
.
SQL Server 2000 : Model
.
, , Model.
, . Model. , Enterprise Manager, Transact-SQL SQL-DMO.
.
Model,
. , Model
. Model , ,
.
,
Model. , , ,
, ,
Model,
.
2. SQL Server 2000
25
SQL Server 2000 Model

1,5 . Model Data
0,75 :
Model.mdf , ;
Model.ldf , .
Tempdb
, ,
. SQL
Server 2000 . # ##.
. . , . .
#, @.
, , . .
##,
@@.
Tempdb, Temporary DataBase,
SQL Server 2000 , . ,
, ,
Tempdb. Tempdb , .
Tempdb , , . , , , . SQL Server 2000 Tempdb . ,
Tempdb .

.
Tempdb, , Model.
. , Model.
. , Tempdb
26
I. SQL Server 2000
.
, Tempdb
. Tempdb .
.
.
Tempdb,
, ,
. Tempdb
Model, Tempdb .
Tempdb , Data
SQL Server 2000.
Tempdb.mdf , . 8 ;
Tempdb.ldf .
0,5 .
Msdb
Msdb , SQL Server 2000,
. ,
.
Msdb , SQLServerAgent. . 2.2
Msdb.
2.2. Msdb

Sysalerts
(alerts),
Syscategories
, Enterprise
Manager ,
Sysdownloadslist
Sysjobhistory
.
.
Enterprise Manager

2. SQL Server 2000
27
2.2 ()
Sysjobs

(jobs),
sysjobschedules
sysjobservers
sysjobsteps
. -
sysnotifications
sysoperators

,
SQLServerAgent
systargetservergroupmembers
,
(multiserver group)
Systargetservergroups
Systargetservers
Systaskids

(tasks) SQL Server 6.x (jobs)
SQL Server 2000
SQL Server 2000

.
. ,
.
. , SQL
Server 2000, , ,

:
(OLAP, Online Analytical Processing);
(OLTP, Online Transaction Processing).
, . , ,
,
. SQL Server 2000 .
OLAP OLTP ""
,
.

,
(DSS, Decision Support System)
.
.
,
3. SQL Server 2000
29_
. ,
. , .
. , . , ,
.
.
. .
,
. , , .
, ,
,
. , , ,
. , ,
. ,
, , . . ,
.
, , .
, , .
,
, . (OLAP).
OLAP , . , , .
, OLAP " ". , . . . ,
100%, .
OLAP .
. OLAP , .
30
I. SQL Server 2000
. OLAP .
.
.

, .
. .
, .
, . , .
OLAP , . SQL
Server 2000, SQL Server 6.x, Oracle, MS Access . OLAP
,
, .
,
.
.

. .
OLAP
.
OLAP,
. Microsoft
OLAP Microsoft Decision Support4ystem (MS DSS).
DSS :
, ""
. OLAP
Services, . SQL Server 2000
. OLAP Service SQL
Server 2000, ,
.
, ,

3. SQL Server 2000
37
. PivotTable Service. PivotTable Service . ,

.
DSS -
.
.
Microsoft
. ,
,
Microsoft .

,
.

(OLTP, Online Transaction Processing).
OLAP, OLTP ,
, ,
.
.
, , .
.
. , ,
. - ,
. ,
, . .

. , , . . , $100 000 . ,
- - -
32
I. SQL Server 2000
. , , , ,
$90 000. .
, ,
$100 000, . , ,
. ,
.
19.

. ,

.
, , ,
. OLTP
, OLAP.
SQL Server 2000

, SQL Server 2000 ,
, .

, , SQL Server 2000 (. .
engine). SQL Server 2000 ,
SQL Server 2000
. , SQL Server 2000
SQL Server 7.0.
SQL Server 6.x , .
Enterprise Manager

:
;
;
3. SQL Server 2000
33
;
;
SQL Server 2000;
;
, ;
;
, DTS.
, ,
Enterprise Manager .
, .
SQL Server 2000
:
Transact-SQL;
Enterprise Manager;
(wizards).

.
Transact-SQL, . . ,
Query Analyzer (
). Transact-SQL .
Enterprise Manager
,
. , Microsoft . Enterprise Manager ,
, . , Transact-SQL. He Enterprise Manager
,
Transact-SQL, . Transact-SQL
, . Enterprise
Manager
.

SQL Server Service Manager ,
24
I. SQL Server 2000

Service Manager SQL Server 2000
.
Service Manager
(taskbar). , ,
SQL Server 2000,
.
Service Manager . " SQL Server Service Manager" 7.
SQL Server Profiler

SQL Server Profiler ,
SQL Server 2000. ,
Performance. , , Transact-SQL, , , SQL Server 2000
.
. SQL Server Profiler .
.
SQL Server 2000, . , , SQL Server 2000 .
SQL Server 2000
(events). SQL Server 2000
, .
- (event classes),
. SQL Server Profiler
Performance Monitor. SQL Server Profiler, Performance Monitor, . ( ) .
SQL Server . (category).
15.
3. SQL Server 2000
35
Query Analyzer
. Query Analyzer Enterprise
Manager.
, . ,
, Query Analyzer Execute
Query, . SQL Query Analyzer.
:
USE pubs
SELECT TOP 10 au_id, au_lname, au_fname FROM authors
:
au_id
au_lname
au_fname
409-56-7008
648-92-1872
238-95-7766
722-51-5454
712-45-1867
427-17-2319
213-46-8915
527-72-3246
472-27-2349
846-92-7186
Bennet
Blotchet-Halls
Carson
DeFrance
del Castillo
Dull
Green
Greene
Gringlesby
Hunter
Abraham
Reginald
Cheryl
Michel
Innes
Ann
Marjorie
Morningstar
Burt
Sheryl
(10 row(s) affected)
Query Analyzer , . 3.1. , SQL Query Analyzer .

(Object Browser), ,
,
. , .
<F8> Tools Object Browser, Show/hide. . ,
Query Analyzer, .

. Debug. Debug
Procedure, , . (break points),
.
, Query Analyzer
. -
36
I. SQL Server 2000
(estimated) (execution plan) , Query, Display Estimated Execution Plan Display

Execution Plan. ,

. . ,

. , ,
. - .
. 3 . 1 . Query Analyzer
. 3.2 . .
, ,
.
3. SQL Server 2000
37
. 3.2.
Upgrade Wizard
Upgrade Wizard
SQL Server 6.5 SQL Server 2000. SQL Server 2000
,
, , , , , , . ,
. . ,
.
Upgrade Wizard 5.
Import and Export Data

, / ,
DTS, . .
38
I. SQL Server 2000
,
. , DTS,
, .
,
. MS Excel, . ,
.
, DTS, 11.
Client Network Utility Server Network Utility

SQL Server 2000.
, ,
, (Network Library).
(DLL, dynamic link library) .
,
, IPC.
SQL Server 2000,
. , Server Network Utility, SQL Server 2000. .
, .

. Client Network Utility, SQL Server. Enterprise Manager, Query Analyzer
. , ,
, ,
.
6.

, , SQL
Server 2000 ,
. -
39
3. SQL Server 2000
SQL Server 2000,

.
. 3.1 . Binn SQL Server 2000, , . .
PATH.
,
.
, . , ,
.
3.1.

(Bulk Copy Program).

.
28
console.exe
dtsrun.exe
DTS , , .
, , SQL
Server 2000
dtswiz.exe
, DTS (DTS Import/Export Wizard)
isql.exe
, DB-Library.
TransactSQL, . SQL
Server 2000
Query Analyzer
isqlw.exe
, Query Analyzer
itwiz.exe
Index Tuning Wizard

. ,
, , ,
makepipe.exe
readpipe

odbccmpt.exe
( )
SQL Server 6.5 ODBC
1. SQL Server 2000
40
3.1 ()

odbcping.exe

SQL Server 2000 ODBC
osql.exe
, ODBC. Transact-SQL

rebuildm.exe
Master
readpipe.exe
.
makepipe.exe
distrib.exe
, Distributor
Agent. SQLServerAgent.
.
logread.exe
Log Reader Agent,

. SQLServerAgent.
.

replmerg.exe
Merge Agent, . SQLServerAgent.

.

snapshot.exe
Snapshot Agent, . SQLServerAgent. .

scm.exe
(,
) SQL Server 2000
sqlagent.exe
, SQLServerAgent. ,

sqldiag.exe
SQL
Server 2000 . ,
. ( SQLdiag.txt Log)
sqlmaint.exe

. ,
. . , , HTML-
sqlservr.exe
SQL Server 2000, MSSQLServer. ,

3. SQL Server 2000
41_
3.1 ()
sqlftwiz.exe
Full-Text Indexing Wizard,
vswitch.exe
( 6.x
8.0) SQL Server,
,
Transact-SQL,
Enterprise Manager (wizards). . .
.
,
. , Enterprise Manager . . ,
Transact-SQL.
, .
. 3.2 SQL Server 2000. ,
. , . Enterprise Manager Run a wizard.
Select Wizard, .
3.2. SQL Server
Backup Wizard
Failover Setup Wizard
Configuring Publishing and

Distribution Wizard
Create Alert Wizard
Create Diagram Wizard
Create Index Wizard
Create Job Wizard
1. SQL Server 2000
42
3.2 ()
Create New Data Source

Wizard
ODBC- ODBC-
Create Login Wizard
SQL Server
Create Publication Wizard
Create Stored Procedure
Wizard
Create Trace Wizard
Create View Wizard
Create Maintenance Plan
Wizard
Profiler

Disable Publishing and

Distribution Wizard
DTS Export Wizard
DTS- SQL Server
DTS Import Wizard
DTS- SQL Server
Full-text Indexing Wizard
Index Tuning Wizard
Make Master Server

Wizard
Make Target Server

Wizard
Register Server Wizard
Enterprise
Manager
Pull Subscription Wizard
Push Subscription Wizard
SQL Server Upgrade

Wizard
SQL Server 6.x
Web Assistant Wizard
Web-
II.
SQL SERVER 2000
4. SQL Server 2000
5. SQL Server 2000
6. SQL Server 2000

SQL Server 2000
SQL Server 2000,
, . Microsoft
(Total Cost of Owner) . SQL Server 2000 .
, , SQL Server 2000. (typical)
, ,
.
.
,
(custom) . ,
,
.
.
.
, SQL Server 2000. SQL
Server 2000 SQL Server 2000
.

. , , ,
.

SQL Server SQL Server 2000. 6
Setup Wizard, SQL
Server 2000.
46
II. SQL Server 2000
, SQL
Server 2000 . ,
SQL Server 2000,
.

, SQL Server 2000,
(edition).
, . , ,
, 32-
.
, SQL Server 2000. , . , . SQL
Server 2000, , , , .
SQL Server 2000 :
Standard Edition. . SQL
Server 2000 Standard Edition , . 2 .
Enterprise Edition. , . SQL Server 2000 Enterprise Edition Web-,
(OLTP, Online Transaction Processing), (Data
Warehousing System) (DSS, Decision
Support System). Enterprise Edition
64 . ,
. SQL Server 2000 Enterprise
Edition .
Desktop Engine. - ,
(engine) , Books Online, (code samples) ,
4. SQL Server 2000
47_
. . . Desktop Engine Windows

Installer, . SQL
Server 2000 Desktop Engine API, . API
. Desktop Engine , , .
, , , . ,
,
. Desktop Engine , (CAL,
Client Access Licenses). SQL Server 2000
Desktop Engine off-line.
Windows Edition. SQL Server 2000
Microsoft Windows . .
, SQL Server 2000 Enterprise Edition SQL
Server 2000 Standard Edition.
Personal Edition. , Desktop Engine, ,
Enterprise Manager, Query Analyzer . Personal Edition
. Desktop Engine,
. SQL Server 2000 Personal Edition
. , SQL Server 2000
" " , Windows 98,
Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Windows 2000 Professional, Personal Edition
. .
Developer Edition. Enterprise Edition,
.
.
'
Evaluation Edition.
Web- Microsoft. ( )
Enterprise Edition. To SQL Server 2000 ,
3
.1207
II. SQL Server 2000
48
. SQL Server 2000

Evaluation Edition 120 .
, SQL Server 2000
, . ,

Windows SQL Server 2000. . 4.1 .
4.1.
Developer Desktop Windows
Edition
Engine CE Edition
Enterprise
Evaluation
Edition
Enterprise
Edition
Standard
Edition
Personal
Edition
Windows 2000
Datacenter
Windows 2000
Advanced Server
Windows 2000
Server
Windows 2000
Professional
Windows NT
Server 4.0 Enterprise Edition
Windows NT
Server 4.0
Windows NT
Workstation 4.0
Windows 98
Desktop
Engine
Windows CE
. 4.2 SQL Server 2000, ().

4.2.
Enterprise
Edition
Standard
Edition
Personal
Edition

Edition
Engine CE Edition
Enterprise
Evaluation
Edition
49
4. SQL Server 2000
4.2 ()
Enterprise
Edition
Standard
Edition
Personal
Edition
4-

Enterprise Manager
Developer Desktop Windows Enterprise

Edition
Engine CE Edition Evaluation
Edition
+
_f.
DBCC
CREATE
INDEX
. 4.3
SQL Server 2000.
4.3.
Enterpri
se Edition
Standard
Edition
Personal
Edition
"!
3*

Engine CE Edition
Edition
Enterprise
Evaluation
Edition
II. SQL Server 2000
4.3 ()
Enterpri
se Edition
Standard
Edition
Personal
Edition

Edition
Engine Edition
.

Enterprise
Evaluation
Edition

,
SQL Server 2000, .
:
CJ ;
;
SQL Server 2000.
. ,
- .

SQL Server 2000 . . SQL Server 2000 ,
.
. 4.4 , SQL Server 2000. , , SQL Server 7.0.
, SQL Server 2000 , SQL
Server 7.0.
51
4. SQL Server 2000

4.4.
Pentium 166, Pentium Pro
Pentium II Pentium III
32
(64 Enterprise Edition)
6 4 - 1 2 8 {128-256
Enterprise Edition)
180 : ;
170 : ;
65 : ;
90 :
;
+50 : OLAP;
+12 : English Query

,

,

,
SQL Server 2000 . . Pentium II.
.
. , SQL Server 2000 Enterprise Edition
64 .

SQL Server 2000. , . ,
Windows 98 ,
( 816 ) , Windows 2000 Advanced Server
128 . , SQL Server 2000.

, , SQL Server 2000
,
.
. . 4.1 SQL Server 2000 Windows.
SQL Server 2000
:
52_
II. SQL Server 2000
Windows 98;
Windows NT Workstation 4.0;
Windows NT Server 4.0;
Windows 2000 .
~^
, SQL Server 2000 Windows 95. , SQL Server 2000.

SQL Server 2000
Windows NT Server Windows NT Workstation
Service Pack 5.0 . , SQL Server Books Online Microsoft Management Console (MMC) Internet Explorer
5.0 ( ). SQL Server 2000 Windows 2000
, . .
Internet Explorer 5.0.
SQL Server
, . SQL Server 2000 ,
. ,
, SQL
Server 2000.
SQL Server 2000 Windows 2000: NetBEUI,
IPX/SPX TCP/IP. , AppleTalk
ADSP, Banyan VINES .

. " " .
, SQL Server 2000
XML.
Microsoft Internet Information Server (IIS). ,
XML, Internet Information Server. , . . XML
.

, SQL Server 2000.
, -
4. SQL Server 2000
53
, , . ,

.
Windows NT Windows 2000 . ,
. ,
, ,
. , , SQL Server 2000, NTFS ,
MSSQLServer,
SQL Server 2000, .
NT,
. . Windows 2000. Windows 98
. SQL Server 2000 . , SQL Server 2000
, , .
NT
:
Local System ( ). .

. ,
, . .
.

. SQL Server 2000
, ,
SQL Server 2000.
Local User ( ). ,
. SQL Server 2000 , ,
SQL Server 2000,
.
User for Domain ( ).
(domain controller) Windows NT
Windows 2000 ,, . .
54
II. SQL Server 2000
,
SQL Server 2000, , ,
MSSQLServer, :
\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\Mssql;
mdf, ndf ldf;
:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\MSSQLServer;
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlset\Services\MSSQLServer.
, SQL Server 2000

. ,
.
, ,
,
. , ,
.
MSSQLServer. (SQLServerAgent, Microsoft
Search MSDTC) MSSQLServer.
, SQLServerAgent MSDTC,

(fixed server role) sysadmin. , . , Domain Admins.
SQL Server 2000
(jobs).
SQL Server 2000.
, .
Microsoft Search
. MSSQLServer
, MSSQLServer.
,
SQL Server 2000. , ( , )
. , , :
;
;
, ;
4. SQL Server 2000
;
SQL Server 2000;
.
, , . , ,
SQL Server 2000. ,
.
(
~)
SQL Server 2000 , Services Control Panel ( ) Enterprise Manager.

SQL Server 2000 8.
Windows NT
Windows NT User Manager for Domains (. 4.1),
.
,
. , ( ) (Administrator)
(Account Operator).
User New
User. (. 4.2), (Username), (Full Name)
(Description). , Password Confirm Password
. , ,
User Must Change Password at Next Logon, . ,
Password Never Expires, . Add .
SQL Server 2000
. , ,
,
. (rights) Windows NT
.
Windows NT,
. , ,
, . .
56
II. SQL Server 2000
. 4 . 1 . User Manager For Domains
. 4 . 2 . New User User Manager for Domains
SQL Server 2000 :

(Act as a part of the operating
system);
57
4. SQL Server 2000
(Log on as a
service);
(Increase quotas);
(Replace a process level token).
Policies
User Manager for Domains User Rights. , . 4.3. Right , . Grant To
, .
Add.
. 4 . 3 .
User Rights Policy
, SQL Server 2000 , . User Manager for Domains SQL Server 2000.
, Windows 98 . SQL Server 2000 Windows NT, .
Windows 2000
Windows 2000 Windows NT 4.0. Windows NT 4.0
Windows 2000.
Windows 2000 (, Windows 2000, ) Active Directory Users and Computers (. 4.4).
II. SQL Server 2000
58
. 4.4. Active Directory Users and Computers
,
Local Users and Groups\Users Computer Management (. 4.5).
~^
, SQL Server 2000,

Windows 2000,

Computer Management .
Windows NT 4.0 Windows 2000 , , .

(. . Active Directory)
,
.
, SQL
Server 2000 .
4. SQL Server 2000
59
. Local Users and

Groups\Users New User. New User (. 4.6), , :
User name. , .
.
Full name.
, , .
Description. , .
, . , , .
Password. ,
.
. 4.5. Computer Management
60
II. SQL Server 2000
Confirm password. ,
. ,
.
.
User must change password at next logon.
.
User cannot change password.
, .
. , .
, .
Password never expires. ""
. .
.
Account is disabled. . , . ,
.
. 4.6. New User

, .
Create,
4. SQL Server 2000
61
. , ,
,
Full name Description.
Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000 , SQL Server 2000. Windows 2000
.
Local
Security Policy (. 4.7), Local Policies\User Right Assignment.
. 4.7. Local Security Policy

,
.
Local Security Policy Settings (. 4.8) Add, (. 4.9)
.
62
. 4.8. Local Security Policy Settings
. 4.9.
II. SQL Server 2000
4. SQL Server 2000
63
Windows 2000,
, .
Windows NT, Windows 2000 SQL Server 2000, :

(Act as a part of the operating
system);
(Log on as a
service);
(Increase quotas);
(Replace a process level token).

SQL Server 2000.

SQL Server 2000 ,
. (collation) , , . SQL
Server 7.0
(Character Set), (Sort Order) Unicode (Unicode Collation).
. , SQL Server 7.0
. . ,
.
, SQL Server 2000.
SQL Server 2000 ( Unicode) (Unicode) .
. ,
:
Unicode (char, varchar t e x t ) ;
Unicode (nchar, nvarchar ntext);
, Unicode.
64
II. SQL Server 2000
,
SQL Server 2000 .

, SQL Server 2000 . , , . . ,
65, 66, 67 . . , , G, , F, , , , , , F, G.
, .
.
, . ,
. SQL
Server 2000 (sort order).
SQL Server 7.0 Unicode, . .

, . Unicode Unicode
(Unicode Collation). SQL Server 2000 "" .
Unicode, Unicode.
SQL Server 7.0 SQL Server 2000

.
. SQL Server 7.0
,
, SQL Server 2000 :
Binary ,
.
.
Case sensitive , .
SQL Server 2000
.
, .
Accent sensitive .
4. SQL Server 2000
65_

. (check box).
- , .
.

(code page) , char, varchar t e x t .
256 . , 1 , 256 .
(character set).
( 0127) .
, , , ,
, , .
( 128255) .
SQL Server 2000 16
(. 4.5), 1251, .
. Regional Settings Control Panel.
4.5. SQL Server 2000

437
850
874
932
936
()
949
950
1250
1251
()

66
II. SQL Server 2000

4.S ()

1252
Latin 1 (ANSI)
1253
1254
125
1256
1257
1258
Unicode

256. . ,
.
, .

, . . ,
.
SQL Server 2000 Unicode. 256 , . Unicode
1 , ,
2 . 65 536 (2 1 6 ). . SQL Server 2000
Unicode: nchar, nvarchar n t e x t .
Microsoft SQL Server 7.0.

.
SQL Server 2000

, Unicode. SQL
4. SQL Server 2000
67_
Server 2000 . , SQL Server 7.0 ' SQL Server 2000

. , , ,
.
SQL Server 2000 SQL Server 7.0 , . ,
.
SQL Server 7.0

, . , Unicode
.
. ,
, , , . SQL Server 7.0
, . . ( , Unicode).
,
, . ,
, .
. , ,
, Authors authors,
. , , .
SQL Server 7.0 SQL Server 2000

.
SQL Server 2000 ,
:
Windows
, Windows.
.
SQL Server 2000.
, Regional Options Control Panel. -
S8
II. SQL Server 2000
,
SQL Server 2000. , SQL Server 2000 ,
.
SQL SQL Server.

. , SQL
SQL_Latinl_General_CPl_CI_AS (Dictionary Order, Case-insensitive),
1252 (ISO Code Page 1252)
Unicode (General Unicode Collation). SQL Server 2000
, Unicode, SQL Server 7.0.
, SQL
SQL Server.
Windows. ,

SQL Server 2000 . SQL Server 2000 . ,
Windows, SQL
Server 2000 , .
.
,
, .

SQL Server 2000 .
, SQL Server 2000 , . , SQL
Server 2000 . .
, , SQL
Server 2000, , SQL Server 2000, .
' 14.
, SQL
Server 2000. ,
, SQLServerAgent .
4. SQL Server 2000
SQLServerAgent . ,
. SQL Server, .

, SQL Server 2000
, .
, . Windows,
SQL Server 2000, .
,
.

. , . .
SQL Server 2000.
Windows NT 4.0
Windows NT 4.0
Network () (. 4.10), Control Panel ( ). Network Neighborhood (
), Properties ().
Protocols. Network Protocols ,
.
Add. Select Network Protocol
(. 4.11) .
, . Have Disk.
, , .
TCP/IP,
. NetBEUI
, .
,
, .
.
70
. 4.10. Network
II. SQL Server 2000
. 4.11. Select Network Protocol
Windows 2000
Windows 2000
Windows NT 4.0.
Local Area Connection Properties (. 4.12).
,
Start (), Settings (), Network and Dial-up Connections. Network and Dial-up Connections (. 4.13), Local
Area Connection, Local Area Connection Status
(. 4.14). Properties
Local Area Connection Properties (. . 4.12).
Local Area Connection Properties . ,
. SQL Server 2000
. . 4.12 ,
TCP/IP. ,
Uninstall.
Install.
Select Network Component Type (. 4.15), .
4. SQL Server 2000
71
. 4.12. Local Area

Connection Properties
. 4.13. Network and Dial-up Connections
72
. 4.14. Local Area

Connection Status
II. SQL Server 2000
. 4.15. Select Network

Component Type
,
Protocol, Add.
Select Network Protocol (. 4.16),
.
. 4.16. Select Network Protocol

Windows NT,
Windows 2000 .
73
4. SQL Server 2000
. TCP/IP, NetBEUI
.

SQL Server 2000.
, ,
, (network
library). (dll, dynamic link library,) .
,
, IPC.
SQL Server 2000
. . 4.6 , SQL Server 2000.
4.6.

AppleTalk ADSP
Apple Macintosh
SQL Server 2000, AppleTalk, TCP/IP Sockets.
, Apple Talk.
, . Windows 95/98
Multiprotocol
RPC .
IPC Windows NT:
TCP/IP Sockets, Named Pipes, NWLink IPX/SPX . .
Windows NT
,
Windows NT . SQL Server 2000 Windows 98
Named Pipes
(
)
SQL Server 2000 Windows NT Windows 2000

.
Windows. , Windows 98 . SQL Server
\\.\pipe\sql\query. SQL Server, \\.\pipe\MSSQLSinstancename\sql\query
NWLink IPX/SPX
SQL Server 2000 Novell NetWare
74
II. SQL Server 2000

4.6 ()
Shared Memory
,
( ) , .
- . SQL Server 2000,
TCP/IP (
TCP/IP)
TCP/IP
.
IPC. -. TCP/IP
.
SQL Server 2000 1433.
Windows 98 TCP/IP
Banyan VINES
, Banyan VINES IP.

Banyan VINES Sequenced Packet Protocol, Banyan VINES IP, IPC
. 6 , SQL
Server 2000 .
, .

SQL Server 2000 ,
. ,
. SQL Server 2000 :
(Local Installation);
(Remote Installation);
(Unattended Installation).
.

. SQL
Server 2000 , . .
, .
4. SQL Server 2000
75_
, , , .
.
SQL Server 2000

Setupsql.exe.
SQL Server 2000 , ,
, ,
SQL Server 2000. \Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server,
\Data SQL Server 2000 (\MssqI).
, . Setup.iss, \Install SQL Server 2000.
,
.
, , . Sqlstp.log,
,
\WinNT. ,
, Errorlog, \Log SQL Server 2000.
, ,
.

SQL Server 2000 ,
SQL Server 2000
. , ,
. SQL
Server 2000 .
SQL Server 2000 :
;
Systems Management Server (SMS).
76
II. SQL Server 2000

, Microsoft. Microsoft Systems Management Server
, ,
,
Windows. SMS (PDF, Package Definition
Format), SMS
(Package), .
SQL Server 2000 Microsoft SMS
1.2 .
SQL Server 2000 smssql.pdf,
SMS. , SQL Server 2000.
~")
pdf , , Microsoft SMS. smssql.pdf

.
smssql.pdf ,
SQL Server 2000.
- SQL
Server 2000:
d smscli.bat
SQL Server 2000 SMS;
smssqins.bat SQL Server 2000 SMS.
Microsoft SMS
. , .

. , . . ""
SQL Server 2000.
""
,
.
. , , . . .
4. SQL Server 2000
77_
:
Notepad
(). .
Setup.iss,
.
, \WinNT.
, , Setup.iss,
.
Setup.iss .
SQL Server 2000 .
Installation Selected Advanced Options. (Advanced Options) Record Unattended.ISS file. ,
,
,
SQL Server 2000. , , . .
. SQL
Server 2000 .
Setup.iss.
.
,
, . ,
, .
,
SQL Server 2000
. SQL Server 2000, .
SQL Server 2000 .
, .

Setupsql.exe. :
-fi i n i t i a l i z a t i o n f i l e p a t h x
.
II. SQL Server 2000
s t a r t /wait. SQL Server 2000.

Setupsql.exe.
-SMS. .
-s. (silent mode). .
SQL Server 2000:
start /wait x86\setup\setupsql.exe -s -m -SMS -fl "sqlins.iss"
, , - SQL Server 2000 bat-,

. :
sqlcli.bat SQL
Server 2000;
sqlins.bat
Server 2000;
(typical)
SQL
sqlcst.bat (custom) SQL Server 2000;

sqlrem.bat SQL Server 2000;
sqlupg.bat SQL Server 2000
Windows NT.

, , , iss.
SQL Server 2000
.
bat iss .

SQL Server 2000
, ,
, , ,
. , , Setupsql.exe.
.
4. SQL Server 2000
79_
. . .
, :
Username ,
SQL Server 2000;
Password ;
Domain , ;
Target Computer , SQL Server 2000;
Target Path (UNC) UNC ,
SQL Server 2000;
Setup Source Files UNC SQL Server 2000 .
, , ,
Setupsql.exe . Setup.iss.
Remsetup.exe. Setupsql.exe .
Remsetup.exe ,
.
, Setupsql.exe . Setup.iss, .
Remsetup.exe Admin$, , , SQL Server 2000,
Setup.iss, . , , Remsetup.exe
SQL Server 2000 Setup.iss,
.
. .
,

, Setupsql.exe,
4
.1207
SO
II. SQL Server 2000
, SQL Server 2000.

Setup.iss. . , , , .
,
Remsetup.exe. , , .
,
Setupsql.exe.
, Remsetup.exe
, . ,
. , , Setupsql.exe . ,
, SQL Server 2000.
.
Remsetup.exe ,
Setupsql.exe. Setup.iss SQL Server 2000 . ,
Setup.iss. .
SQL
Server 2000
SQL Server 7.0 SQL.
Server 6.5 , . .
SQL Server 6 5
SQL Server 7.0. SQL Server 2000. SQL
Server 7.0 SQL Server 2000 , SQL Server 6.5. , SQL Server 2000
.
SQL Server 7.0, SQL Server 6.5 - , SQL Server 2000 .
SQL Server 7.0 , SQL Server 6.x SQL Server 7.0
. SQL Server 2000 ,
SQL Server 2000
SQL Server 7.0.
^)
SQL Server 2000 SQL

Server 6.5 SQL Server 7.0.
SQL Server 6.0, SQL Server 6.5 SQL
Server 7.0, SQL Server 2000.
Microsoft SQL Server 7.0 SQL Server 6.5

SQL Server 2000.
, .
, ,
.
, SQL Server 6.5 7.0 SQL

Server 2000 . ,
SQL Server 6.5
MS Access, SQL Server 2000.
. -
82
II. SQL Server 2000
, .
.
SQL Server 2000 SQL
Server 7.0. , SQL Server 2000 , , SQL Server 2000.
.
SQL Server 2000 .
Installation Selection
Upgrade, remove, or add components to an existing instance of SQL Server.
SQL Server 2000 :
(install over SQL Server 7.0) SQL
Server 7.0 SQL Server 2000;
(adding components)
SQL Server 2000;
(build-to-build upgrades)
, . . SQL Server 2000, ;
(edition and component upgrades) SQL Server 2000;
(upgrading to a cluster)
SQL Server 2000.
. ,
SQL Sei'ver 6.5
SQL Server 2000.
SQL Server Upgrade Wizard, Programs
(), Microsoft SQL Server Switch.
,
, , SQL Server 7.0 SQL Server 2000 , SQL
Server 7.0. (Copy Database Wizard).
SQL Server 6.x

, SQL Server Upgrade Wizard SQL Server 6.5 SQL Server 2000.
SQL Server 2000 -
5. SQL Server 2000
83_
, , , ,
, , , ,
. .
, .
SQL Server 6.0, :
SQL Server 7.0 SQL Server 6.0 SQL Server 7.0.

SQL Server 2000 SQL Server 7.0
SQL Server 2000;
SQL Server 6.0 SQL Server 6.5,
SQL Server 2000 SQL Server 6.0 SQL Server 2000. , SQL Server 6.5
SQL Server 7.0, SQL Server 2000.
- .
SQL Server Upgrade Wizard , ,
. -
SQL Server 2000 SQL
Server 6.5 SQL Server 7.0, .
SQL Server 6.5
SQL Server 7.0, SQL
Server 2000.
, , Transact-SQL,
, , .
, SQL Server 6.5 SQL
Server 7.0 .
SQL Server 2000 ,
. Data Transformation
Services SQL Server 6.5 SQL Server 7.0.
DTS . Data Transformation Services . " Data Transformation Services" 11.
Upgrade Wizard.
SQL Server 6.5.

Upgrade Wizard . SQL Server 4.1 SQL Server 6.5,
SQL Server 2000. SQL Server 4.1 SQL
84
II. SQL Server 2000

Server 7.0 . SQL Server 4.1 SQL
Server 6.0, SQL
Server 7.0, . . SQL Server 2000
SQL Server 6.0.

. Upgrade Wizard ,
SQL Server 2000 SQL
Server 6.x:
,
( mdf ndf);
,
( ldf);
Tempdb.
Tempdb . ,
.
, SQL Server 2000 1,5
, SQL Server 6.5.
8 ( SQL Server 6.x 2 ), .
(fill factor) 3050%. .
Upgrade Wizard Service Pack
5.0 SQL Server 6.5. :
SQL Server 6.5
Windows NT Server 4.0 Windows NT Workstation 4.0;
Service Pack 4.0 .
, (user), (login) SQL Server 6.5 , . ,
. ,
, , .
. , . , , , .
5. SQL Server 2000
85_
, ,
.
, SQL Server 2000.
SQL Server ,
. Upgrade Wizard SQL Server 6.5 SQL Server 2000.

.
,
:
, ,
, ;
SQL Server 6.5. ,
;
, Master;
;
SQL Server 6.5,
, DBCC;
Tempdb
10 ( 25 );
SQL Server 6.5
, Master 3 ;
, SQL Server 6.5,
2000.

. , , ,
.

Upgrade Wizard
SQL Server 6.5 SQL Server 2000 :
,
(tape);
(named pipes).
II. SQL Server 2000
gg
SQL Server 6.5 ,

. , ,
. ,
,
SQL Server 2000. . .
Upgrade Wizard
SQL Server 6.5, .
SQL Server 6.5 .

SQL Server 6.5 SQL Server 2000. SQL
Server 6.5, . .
SQL Server 6.5 , .

, SQL
Server 6.5. , .
, , . , , Windows NT Backup.
Upgrade Wizard (devices) SQL

Server 6.5, . ,
, SQL Server 6.5,
, . , SQL Server 6.5.
,
SQL Server 6.5 . UNC.
SQL Server 6.5 SQL

Server 6.5 , . . , , - SQL Server 6.5, .
, ,
. , , -
5. SQL Server 2000
87_
, , , Windows
NT Backup. Windows NT Backup. Upgrade Wizard
,
.

, SQL Server 2000 ,
SQL Server 6.5, SQL Server 2000, SQL Server 6.5. .
. SQL Server 2000. ,

, .
,
. , Upgrade Wizard
. SQL
Server 6.5, SQL Server 2000
\\.
\pipe\sql\query.

. . SQL Server 6.5, .
, . , . . SQL Server 6.5
, .
(^

: SQL Server 6.5 SQL Server 2000.
SQL Server. SQL Server 6.5 SQL Server 2000. , . ,
SQL Server 6.5 SQL Server 2000 .
-

(Export Server) SQL Server 6.5 (Import Server)
SQL Server 2000.
II. SQL Server 2000
.
SQL Server 2000, Upgrade Wizard.
, SQL Server 6.5. SQL Server 6.5 .
. SQL Server 6.5, SQL Server 2000.
,
.
, sa (system administrator),
. SQL Server 6.5 SQL Server 2000.

.
. , .

. , . SQL Server 2000 SQL Server. , SQL Server 2000,
SQL Server 6.5. SQL Server 6.5 (default instance) SQL
Server 2000. .

, Upgrade Wizard SQL Server 6.5 Transact-SQL, SQL Server 2000.
, , ,
, . .

.
.

SQL Server 2000.
,
SQL Server 2000 SQL Server 6.5. .
5. SQL Server 2000
89_
.
""
, .
SQL Server 2000. , SQL Server 6.5,
SQL Server 2000. .
SQL Server 2000
. ,
. ,
, .
,
.
SQL
Server 6.5 . - ,
.
, .
, .
, SQL Server 2000. , . ,
, SQL Server 6.5. SQL Server 6.5, SQL
Server 2000, , .
SQL Server 2000 , SQL Server 6.5. SQL
Server 6.5 , SQL Server 2000
.
, SQL Server 6.5. , , . .
:
;
;
.
, SQL Server. , Internet Information
Server,
Web-.
II. SQL Server 2000
SQL Server 7.0

, SQL Server 7.0
SQL Server 2000 :
SQL Server 2000. SQL Server 7.0,
. , SQL Server 2000;
, SQL
Server 2000. , SQL Server 2000, SQL Server 7.0. Copy Database Wizard.
SQL Server 7.0, . . .

SQL Server
SQL Server 6.x (default instance) SQL Server 2000. . SQL Server 6.x,
SQL Server 2000. vswitch.exe,
:
vswitch -SwitchTo {60 | 65 I 80} [-Silent {0 | 1}]
-SwitchTo , . 65 ( 60) SQL Server 6.5

( SQL Server 6.0), 80 SQL Server 2000. , SQL Server 6.5, SQL
Server 2000 .
(named instance) SQL Server 2000.
SQL Server Programs () Microsoft SQL ServerSwitch. SQL Server 6.5,
Microsoft SQL Server 2000. SQL Server 2000,
Microsoft SQL Server 6.5.
SQL Server vswitch.exe.
SQL Server 2000
. (
MSSQLServerSO) SQL Server 2000. 8.0. (MSSQLServer 65
5. SQL Server 2000
91_
MSSQLServer_6o)
SQL Server 6.x. (MSSQLServer) .
SQL Server 2000, SQL
Server 6.x. , ,
.
vswitch.exe MSSQLServer
. , , MSSQLServer.
.
.
.
SQL
Server 2000

SQL Server 2000 . SQL Server 2000.
SQL Server 2000 -. - CD-ROM SQL Server Automenu
(. 6.1). , SQL Server
Automenu autorun.exe,
-.
. 6 . 1 . SQL Server Automenu
.
:
Install SQL Server 2000 Prerequisites.
Windows 95 , -
6. SQL Server 2000
93
SQL Server 2000. , :
Install Winsock2 Update for Windows 95

Windows 95, SQL Server 2000;
Install Common Control Library Update Windows 95.

Install SQL Server 2000 Components.
,
SQL Server 2000.
SQL Server, .
-. :
Database Server Choice Edition SQL Server 2000.
, SQL Server Automenu Installation Wizard.
. SQL Server 2000
SQL Server Automenu;
Analysis Services , (Online Analytical Processing, OLTP);
English Query English Query, ,

Transact-SQL.
Browse Setup/Upgrade Help.

SQL Server 2000.
Books Online .
Read the Release Notes. Notepad () readme, . SQL Server 2000, Books Online.
Visit Our Web Site. Internet Explorer, http://www.microsoft.com/sql/,
SQL Server.
SQL Server 2000
. SQL Server Automenu
Database Server Install SQL Server 2000 Components,
Installation Wizard, .
setupsql.exe x86\Setup, . , Z:\SQLSTD\x86\Setup\setup.sql.exe, Z: -.
94
II. SQL Server 2000

, Installation Wizard ,
. '
.
(. 6.2) -
.
. 6.2. Installation Wizard
(. 6.3) ,
. :
Local Computer.
, . . , . , .
.
Remote Computer.
.
, ,
SQL Server 2000 .
,
.
, , Browse.
6. SQL Server 2000
95
Windows 98, SQL Server 2000.
Virtual Server. ,
. , .
. 6.3. Computer Name Installation Wizard
, . .
, . , . , Local Computer, ,
Next.
Installation Selection (. 6.4) . ,
,
. :
Create a new instance of SQL Server. SQL Server 2000.
96
II. SQL Server 2000
. 6.4. Installation Selection Installation Wizard
. 6.5. Existing Installation Installation Wizard

Upgrade, remove, or add components to an existing instance of SQL Server. , _ (Build version) SQL Server 2000. -
6. SQL Server 2000
97
- (beta) (evaluation)
(release). ,
, SQL Server 2000.
Existing Installation (. 6.5)
, .
Advanced options. (setup.iss),
. Advanced Options (. 6.6),
Installation Selection. , setup.iss
.
,
SQL Server 2000. .
. 6.6. Advanced Options Installation Wizard
, SQL Server, SQL

Server 7.0,
,
SQL Server 2000 Installation Wizard.
98
II. SQL Server 2000
, .
Create a new instance of SQL Server (. . 6.4).
User Information (. 6.7).
,
. , , , , SQL Server 2000. SQL
Server 2000.
.
. 6.7. User Information Installation Wizard
,
, Software License Agreement
(. 6.8) ,
SQL Server 2000. , Yes,
. SQL Server 2000 - ,
No,
. ,

. ,
SQL Server 2000 , .
6. SQL Server 2000
99
. 6.8. Software License Agreement Installation Wizard

,
Yes,
SQL Server 2000.
Installation Definition (. 6.9) ,
:
Client Tools Only. SQL Server 2000, Enterprise Manager, Performance Monitor, Query Analyzer, Books Online. .
MSSQLServer SQLServerAgent. , ,
, . , .
Server and Client Tools. ,

MSSQLServer, SQLServerAgent,
MSDTC MSSearch. To
SQL Server 2000.
Connectivity Only. . .
, .
SQL Server 2000.
100
II. SQL Server 2000
Windows . ,
, SQL Server 2000. , . ,
.
. 6.9. Installation Definition Installation Wizard
- ,
SQL Server 2000. ,
Server and Client Tools, .
, Instance Name (. 6.10),
SQL Server 2000. ,
(default instance)
(named instance).
NetBIOS ,
SQL Server 2000. ,
_\_.
,
SQL Server (
), .
Instance Name. ,
Default In-
101
6. SQL Server 2000
stance name. , Default

, . , , SQL Server 7.0.
, Default
. ,
Instance name, , . ,
SQL Server 2000.
, . 6.10 Default
Instance name. , . .
SQL Server 2000.
, ,
.
. 6.10. Instance Name Installation Wizard
, ,
Setup Type (. 6.11),
SQL Server 2000. , . "
102
II. SQL Server 2000
" 4. :
Typical . , Microsoft
. ,
,
.
Minimum . . ,
, , .
Custom .
SQL Server 2000. ,
, ,
, . , Custom. Next
. .
. 6 . 1 1 . Setup Type Installation Wizard
, Setup Type
, SQL
Server 2000, .
6. SQL Server 2000
3_
Destination Folder, Program Files Data Files. ,

SQL Server 2000,
, , , ,
MSSQLServer SQLServerAgent.
\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server , .
Choose Folder, Browse. , Data Files
, SQL Server 2000.
(master, msdb, model tempdb), a
(pubs Northwind),
.
. ,
.
Setup Type SQL Server 2000 .
, .
, ,
. . , . ,
SQL Server 2000
. , ,
,
SQL Server 2000. Required.
. Available ,
.
(
, . ,
. 6.11, ,
, . . . , , , Available .
, SQL Server 2000
. Required Available. ,
.
,
Custom - . "
Custom
Select Components (. 6.12).
II. SQL Server 2000
104
. 6.12. Select Components Installation Wizard
, Select Components , . , .
,
( Components) ( Sub-Components), . Description
.
, .
,
, .
,
.
Server Components. , SQL Server 2000:
SQL Server , . . MSSQLServer

SQLServerAgent.
. , ' .
Replication Support . , .
Full-Text Search . , SQL Server 2000 .
6. SQL Server 2000
105_
Debug Symbols ,
. ,

( dll).
. , . .
Performance Counters .
SQL Server 2000 Windows NT
(Windows 2000) Performance Monitor. ,
SQL Server 2000.
SQL Server 2000,
Performance Monitor (counters), Performance Monitor . .
Management Tools. SQL Server 2000.

. ,
.
Enterprise Manager SQL
Server 2000.
Profiler SQL Server 2000.

Performance Monitor , SQL Server 2000. ,
, . .
Query Analyzer
( Transact-SQL).
DTC Client Support DTC.
Conflict Viewer , . , . ,
.
Client Connectivity. ( ), SQL Server 2000 DB-Library, ODBC
OLE DB. . Installation Definition
(. . 6.9) Connectivity Only, Installation Wizard
.
Books Online. SQL
Server 2000, . . ,
106
II. SQL Server 2000
.
Books Online:
Books Online on Disk.
. ,
37
. , SQL
Server 7.0 11 .
Books Online on CD. . , , , CD-ROM -

SQL Server 2000, . . . ,
Books Online.
Development Tools. , , , :
Headers and Libraries (*.h)

(*.lib), C++
ODBC, DB-Library, Open Data Services, SQL-DMO
Embedded SQL for MSDTC.
Backup/Restore API , , , , .
Debugger Interface
. . ,
Query Analyzer.
Code Samples. C++, . .
SQL Server .
.
, Select Components , Installation Wizard. , Services Accounts (. 6.13). ,
, MSSQLServer SQLServerAgent. Installation Wizard , Use the same
6. SQL Server 2000
107
account for each service. Auto start SQL Server Service. SQL Server 2000 .
. 6.13. Services Accounts Installation Wizard
. , , Customize the settings for each service.

Services, , . , , Service Settings.
, , Service Settings, .
Service Settings :
Use the Local System account.
( )
.
Use a Domain User account.
( ).

,
:
108
II. SQL Server 2000
Username , ;
Password , ;
Domain , . , ,
(
SQL Server 2000

,
. " " 4.
Auto Start Service, .

, SQL
Server 2000 . Use the same account for each service. Auto start SQL Server Service
.
( " }
, MSSearch MSDTC
. .
SQL Server 2000

, . Authentication Mode (. 6.14). , ,
SQL Server 2000:
Windows Authentication Mode.
Windows NT. To
SQL Server 2000, ( ). ,
SQL Server 2000. , ,
. , .
Mixed Mode (Windows Authentication and SQL Server Authentication).
. Windows NT
SQL Server -
6. SQL Server 2000
109
. , sa:
Enter password , sa. sa

SQL Server 2000. . . ,
, sa
. ,
SQL Server 2000 Windows NT. , , ,
, . , ,
, SQL Server. , , , MSSQLServer.
.
, SQL Server
.
. 6.14. Authentication Mode Installation Wizard
Confirm password ,
. ,
.
II. SQL Server 2000
110
Blank Password (not recommended)

sa,
. . Enter password Confirm password
. sa.
. "" 9.
>
, Collation Settings (. 6.15),

, , pubs Northwind, a

. , , SQL Server 2000,
, .
SQL Server, SQL
Server 7.0, SQL Server 2000 . ,
,
. , .
. 6.15. Collation Settings Installation Wizard
6. SQL Server 2000
(~
111
,
. " " 4.
Collation Settings. ,
, . , SQL
Server 2000 Windows SQL Server. , ,
.
, :
Collation designator.
Windows. .
Cyrfflic_GeneraI. , Sort order:
Binary . .
. ,
.
Case sensitive .
.
Accent sensitive . , . .
. , (, ), .
SQL Collation (Used for compatibility with previous versions of SQL Server).

, SQL Server 2000.
.
, ...for use with 1251
(Cyrillic) Character Set.
, SQL Server 2000 SQL

Server. Windows SQL Server.
.
, , Next,
5 1207
112
II. SQL Server 2000
.
, .
. 6.16. Network Libraries Installation Wizard
. 6.17. Start Copying Files Installation Wizard
, Network Libraries (. 6.16) . , -
6. SQL Server 2000
1J3_
pa . , , . ,
SQL Server 2000.
.
Start Copying Files (. 6.17) .
, Next .
,
. Next .

, ,
. SQL Server 2000 .
. SQL Server 2000
.
SQL Server 2000 ,
.
,
. ,
.
SQL Server 2000

, SQL Server 2000 , .
, . , SQL Server 2000 , .
.
, ,
.
. Windows NT 4.0 User Manager
for Domains, Windows 2000
Computer Management ( )
Active Directory User and Computers (
5*
114
II. SQL Server 2000
). . "
" 4.
. 6.18. Services Windows NT 4.0
. 6.1. Services Windows 2000
SQL Server 2000,

. .
Service, Control
115
6. SQL Server 2000
Panel ( ) Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000.

, .
. . 6.18 Services Windows NT 4.0, . 6.19
Windows 2000.
. 6.20. Service
SQL Server 2000,

,
MSSQLServer, SQLServerAgent
MSDTC. Services
Windows NT 4.0.
s
Startup
(. . 6.18).
Service (. 6.20),
.
Startup Type :
Automatic. .
, SQL Server 2000
.
Manual. .
,
. , .
Disabled. .
. , ,
Manual Automatic.
Log On As , . System Account,
. .
This Account. .
llif- ,
. Password Confirm Password
.
116
II. SQL Server 2000
,
.
Password Confirm Password
, Log on as service,
.
SQL
Server 2000 Windows 2000
, (. . 6.19)
( 6 21)
. ,
. General
, ,
"
127
. 6.21. + , General
<
117
6. SQL Server 2000
. 6.22.
, Log On
,
. Log On (. 6.22).
. 6.23. Select User

, ,
( Local System account), ( This account). , .
118
II. SQL Server 2000
,
. Browse,
Select User (. 6.23)
.
.
.
SQL Server 2000 Enterprise Manager.
MSSQLServer Enterprise Manager
(,
Properties). (SQL Server Properties
(Configure)) ,
MSSQLServer. Security
(. 6.24).
. 6.24. Security

Startup service account ,
, MSSQLServer. System account,
.
Ibis account, .
6. SQL Server 2000
119
Services,
.
.
SQLServerAgeni .
Management, Enterprise Manager. SQLServerAgent . , , General (. 6.25).
. 6.25. General
SQLServerAgent
Service startup account

(System account), (This account), .
.
MSDTC Enterprise
Manager .
Services Control Panel.
, Microsoft Search
.
120
II. SQL Server 2000
SQL Server 2000 Microsoft Search, MSSQLServer Enterprise Manager. Microsoft

Search MSSQLServer ,
MSSQLServer. Enterprise Manager, Microsoft Search.
Services, . Microsoft Search .
Enterprise Manager.

SQL Server 2000
. . , , Unicode Unicode,
SQL Server 2000.
, ,
. "" , . . .
Master. SQL Server 2000, rebuildm.exe,
\Binn SQL Server 2000.
rebuildm.exe
Master, . ,
, .
rebuildm.exe Master SQL Server 2000, , Unicode, SQL Server 2000.
.
Master ,
. ,
,
SQL Server 2000 , . .
. .
(script),
Transact-SQL,
. SQL Server 2000 Transact-SQL,
.
6. SQL Server 2000
121_
.
, , .
, . , , .
- .
SQL Server 2000. .
. (DTS, Data
Transformation Services),
bcp.exe (Bulk Copy Program).
. DTS
, bcp.exe . DTS Designer, DTS Wizard.
, SQL Server 2000
, , . Data Transformation Services, bcp.exe.
,
Transact-SQL BULK INSERT.

SQL Server 2000. (network library). 4.
, ,
.
. .
SQL Server 2000,
. ,
SQL Server Network Utility
(. 6.26), SQL Server 2000.
SQL Server Network Utility (Programs\Microsoft SQL Server\Server Network Utility).

svrnetcn.exe,
\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\80\Tools\Binn\.
122
II. SQL Server 2000
. 6.26. SQL Server Network Utility, General
. , General,
. Instance^) on this server SQL Server 2000, .
, (named instance). :
Named Pipes;
TCP/IP ( TCP/IP);
NWLink IPX/SPX.
,
. , (default instance), ,
SQL Server 2000.
Disabled protocols , ,
Enable. Disabled protocols, Enabled protocols, , , Instance(s) on this server.
6. SQL Server 2000
123
, Enabled protocols Disable.

, .
, , .
, , Properties. , . . . 6.27
TCP/IP ( TCP/IP).
. 6.27. TCP/IP
TCP/IP , . , SQL Server 2000. ,

Hide server "" . ,
TCP/IP ,
.
.
,
. , ,
. . .
General SQL Server Network Utility (. . 6.26)

, :
Enable protocol encryption. , , SSL (Secure Socket
Layer). SQL Server 7.0,
Multiprotocol, SQL Server 2000
. ,
II. SQL Server 2000
124
SQL Server 2000 2,

, .
Enable WinSock proxy. . SQL Server 2000

, Internet. - ,
:
WinSock proxy address -;
WinSock proxy port -, SQL Server 2000.
General . Network Libraries
(. 6.28) ,
.
. 6.28. SQL Server Network Utility, Network Libraries
, dll-, .
6. SQL Server 2000
125

. , . , SQL Server 2000.
, ,
, . , . , TCP/IP TCP/IP,
IPX/SPX NWLink IPX/SPX, SQL Server .
SQL Server 2000 , ,

Windows NT Windows 2000.
SQL Server 2000

SQL Client Network Utility, . General
(. 6.29) .
. 6.29. SQL Client Network Utility, General
SQL Client Network Utility (Programs\Microsoft SQL Server\Client Network Utility).
/26
II. SQL Server 2000

cliconfg.exe,
System ( Windows 98) System32 ( Windows NT
Windows 2000) .
Disabled protocols .
Enable. Disabled
protocols, Enabled protocols by order, , . , Enabled protocols by
order Disable.
,
. ,
, , .
, Enabled protocols by
order, . , , . , , ,
. ,
,
. . , Properties.
. .
Enable protocol encryption. , . ,
, , . Enable protocol encryption .
Enable shared memory protocol.
. , .
, ,
.
,
. ,
, ,

. ,
- , ,
.

(server alias).
6. SQL Server 2000
127
, ,
, .
. , , .

Alias (. 6.30).
. 6.30. SQL Client Network Utility, Alias
,
. Remove, Edit.
,
Add, Add Network Library
Configuration (. 6.31).
Server alias , .
, . .
, Network
libraries. Connection parameters . ,
. , Alias.
128
II. SQL Server 2000
. 6.31. Add Network Library Configuration

DB-Library Option SQL Client Network Utility (. 6.32)
DB-Library,
.
. 6.32. SQL Client Network Utility, DB-Library Option
DB-Library infonnation . , dll-, , .
6. SQL Server 2000
129
,
DB-Library :
Automatic ANSI to OEM conversion. OEM ANSI
, ANSI
OEM .
Use international settings. DB-Library
( , ,
. .), . , .
Automatic ANSI to OEM conversion , Use international settings , 32- .
.
Network Libraries (. 6.33).
. 6.33. SQL Client Network Utility, Network Libraries
, , dll-,
.
III.
7. SQL Server 2000

8. SQL Server 2000
9. SQL Server 2000
10.
11.
12. SQL Server 2000
13.
14.
15.
16.

SQL Server 2000
, SQL Server 2000 .
, SQL
Server 2000, .
, ,
. SQL Server 2000,
.

.
.
, . , SQL Server 2000 , . .

SQL Server 2000 .
. " " 3.
, SQL
Server 2000 MSSQLServer.
,
, ,
. SQL Server 2000 , MSSQLServer. ,
SQLServerAgent , .
. , MSSQLServer. SQLServerAgent
, MSSQLServer. SQL
124
III.
Server 2000. MSSQLServer SQL Server 2000.
,
, SQL Server 2000, . ,
. SQL
Server 2000 . , Service Manager, Enterprise Manager Services Control Panel ( )
.
SQL Server 2000,
, .
,
SQL Server 2000.
SQL Server 2000.
, Windows 98 ,
SQL Server 2000 .
(start) , ,
.
, .
. ,
, . MSSQLServer , .
, SQL Server 2000 . , , . ,

, .
(stop) ,
. , .
, ,
, . ,
7. SQL Server 2000
13S_
MSSQLServer ,
, . .
.
npuocmanoe (pause) . , , , . ,
,
.
, . , ,
.
, . , , . SQL Server 2000
, MSSQLServer ,
SQLServerAgent, Full-Text Search MSDTC .

SQL Server Service Manager (. 7.1) ,
SQL Server 2000. ,

.
Service Manager
SQL Server 2000

.
Startup (),
Programs () .
. 7.1. Service Manager
,
. ,
, , , -
. Startup Service Manager.
Service Manager (taskbar). -
136
III.
(. . 7.1). ,
SQL Server 2000,
.
. ,
Server, , SQL
Server 2000. SQL Server 2000,
.
.
, Server , Services
, SQL Server 2000.
, , .

Services.
, . . ,
(Pause) (Stop),

(Start/Continue).
,
Service Manager. . , SQL Server 2000.
, , .
Service Manager .
, Service Manager
, .
,
Refresh services. , Service Manager
. Service
Manager ,
5 . ,
Service Manager Options < SQL Server Service Manager Options (. 7.2).
Default service , Service Manager.
Polling interval . Verify
service control action ,
MSSQLServer , (, SQLServerAgent).
7. SQL Server 2000
137
, ,
.
. 7.2. SQL Server Service

Manager Options
Service Manager .
,

.
, Enterprise Manager,
Services Control
Panel , .
Service Manager.
Enterprise Manager
Service Manager SQL Server 2000
, . Enterprise Manager Query Analyzer,
. Enterprise Manager , ,
Service Manager.
Enterprise Manager ,
, , .
Service Manager
, Enterprise Manager . MSSQLServer
Enterprise Manager (. 7.3). , Action
. Service Manager,
.
, , Enterprise Manager , (connect)
(disconnect). Enterprise Manager
, . . , . ,
III.
138
, , Action Disconnect.
,
Connect.
. 7.. MSSQLServer Enterprise Manager

. Enterprise
Manager .
(, ). Enterprise Manager .
, SQL Server 2000
MSSQLServer.
, MSSQLServer
Enterprise Manager,
Query Analyzer, Start SQL Server if it is stopped
( SQL Server ) Connect to SQL Server (. 7.4).
7. SQL Server 2000
139
Query Analyzer
Connect File. SQL Server ,
. , .
. 7.4. Connect to SQL Server

MSSQLServer.
SQLServerAgent

MSSQLServer.
SQLServerAgent (. 7.5).
Management .

, Action. ,
SQLServerAgent
Pause, . . .
. 7.5. SQLServerAgent Enterprise Manager
III.
140
Full-Text Search Microsoft Distributed Transaction Coordinator

(MSDTC) MSSQLServer SQLServerAgent.
Full-Text Search, MSDTC Support Services (. 7.6).
, SQLServerAgent, .
. 7.6. Full-Text Search, MSDTC SQL Mail
Services
SQL
Server 2000 SQL Server 2000.
Services.
Services
. Service Manager Enterprise Manager
SQL Server 2000, Services
, .
, Windows 98
. Windows NT, . . Windows 2000.
141
7. SQL Server 2000
Services
Control Panel ( ) .
Services Windows NT 4.0 Windows 2000. .
Windows NT 4.0 Services Control Panel, , Start (), Settings
(), Control Panel ( ).
(. 7.7) Services.
. 7.7. Control
Panel
Services (. 7.8). ,
. :
Service .
Status . ,
Started. .
Startup
. Automatic, Manual Disabled.
.
142
III.
Startup Parameters, . .
. 7 . 8 . Services Windows NT 4.0
,
.
. :
Start - .
Pause .
,
.
Continue , . . .
Stop .
.
, , ' . , , ,
.
SQLServerAgent MSSQLServer,
MSSQLServer, SQLServerAgent.
( ) Services Windows 2000
Windows NT 4.0.
Services Windows 2000 Control Panel
Administrative Tools Programs
(). Services,
Services (. 7.9).
7. SQL Server 2000
143
Windows 2000
Services. , Computer Management.
. 7.9. Services Windows 2000

,
Microsoft (MMC, Microsoft Management Console).
Microsoft
, . Windows 2000
.
Enterprise Manager.
,
. , .
:
Name , .
, .
Description .
6
.1207
144
III.
d Status . , Started. .
Startup Type . Automatic, Manual Disabled.
.
Log On As , .
, . ,
.
:
;
.

,
. , Services
Windows 2000 Restart. . , . ,
.
, .

Action
Properties.
.
General (. 7.10), :
Service name . .
Display name , Services. ,
.
Description . Services.
, .
Path to executable , .
Startup type .
145
7. SQL Server 2000
Service status (, ).
Start .
Stop ,
.
Pause , . ,
.
Resume ,
, . . .
Start parameters ,
.
. 7.10. General
SQL Server 2000

Services .

. ,
SQL Server 2000 Services Service Manager Enterprise Manager . .
146
III.

SQL Server 2000
.

, SQL Server 2000 .
net.exe.
, , , , , , .
(~
net.exe , n e t / ?.
:
net s t a r t
net stop
[service]
[service] ;
net pause [service] ;

net continue [service] .
[service] ,
. , MSSQLServer :
net s t a r t MSSQLServer
:
The MSSQLServer service is starting...
The MSSQLServer service was started successfully.
,
, .
. ,
MSSQLServer Trelon
:
net s t a r t MSSQL$Trelon
net s t a r t .
7. SQL Server 2000
147_
Transact-SQL

. Transact-SQL.
SHUTDOWN, :
SHUTDOWN
[WITH NOWAIT]
WITH NOWAIT, TO . .
.
WITH NOWAIT , . , .
.
SQL Server 2000

SQL Server 2000 , SQL
Server 2000 MSSQLServer. SQL Server 2000 . sqlservr.exe,
\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL\Binn.
SQL Server 2000 , . , SQL Server 2000

, . , .
, SQL Server 2000

(application log)
SQL Server 2000, .
, SQL Server 2000
.
2001-08-05 22:53:40.64 s e r v e r
Microsoft SQL S e r v e r 2000 - 8.00.100
( I n t e l X86)
Apr 18 2000 01:19:00
Copyright (c) 1988-2000 Microsoft Corporation
Standard Edition on Windows NT 5.0 (Build 2195: )
2001-08-05 22:53:40.69 server
tion.
Copyright (C) 1988-2000 Microsoft Corpora-
2001-08-05 22:53:40.72 server
All rights reserved.
148
III.
2001-08-05 22:53:40.73 server

Server Process ID is 652.
2001-08-05 22:53:40.74 server
Logging SQL Server messages in file
'G:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL\log\ERRORLOG'.
2001-08-05 22:53:40.81 server
SQL Server is starting at priority class
'normal'(1 CPU detected).
2001-08-05 22:53:40.93 server
User Mode Scheduler configured for thread
processing
2001-08-05 22:53:40.97 server
Using dynamic lock allocation. [2500] Lock
Blocks, [5000] Lock Owner Blocks
2001-08-05 22:53:41.02 server
Attempting to initialize Distributed Transaction Coordinator.
2001-08-05 22:53:42.14 spid3
Starting up database 'master'.
2001-08-05 22:53:42.62 spid3
0 transactions rolled back in database
'master' (1).
2001-08-05 22:53:42.65 spid3
Recovery is checkpointing database 'master'
(1)
2001-08-05 22:53:42.85 server
Using 'SSNETLIB.DLL' version '8.0.100'.
2001-08-05 22:53:42.92 server
SuperSocket Info: Bind failed on TCP port
1433.
2001-08-05 22:53:42.96 spid5
Starting up database 'model'.
2001-08-05 22:53:42.98 spid3
Server name is 'STORAGE'.
2001-08-05 22:53:42.99 server
SQL server listening on TCP, Shared Memory,
Named Pipes.
2001-08-05 22:53:43.03 server
Ready For Connections
2001-08-05 22:53:43.05 spid7
Starting up database 'itisdb'.
2001-08-05 22:53:43.06 spid8
Starting up database 'pubs'.
2001-08-05 22:53:43.08 spid9
Starting up database 'Northwind'.
2001-08-05 22:53:43.61 spid5
Clearing tempdb database.
2001-08-05 22:53:44.81 spid5
Starting up database 'tempdb'.
2001-08-05 22:53:45.05 spid3
Recovery complete.
SQL Server 2000 ,
, . ,
,
, , . .
, Enterprise Manager.
SQL Server 2000, , net stop MSSQL$lnstName, ,

. SQL Server 2000, ,
Transact-SQL SHUTDOWN,
<Ctrl>+<Break> <Ctrl>+<C>.
SQL Server 2000
Binn . .
, - s . , Trelon
7. SQL Server 2000
149_
\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL$Trelon\Binn .

sqlservr.exe -strelon
, SQL Server 2000 . , SQL

Server 2000 Storage,
Storage\Trelon.
Enterprise Manager, Query Analyzer

SQL Server 2000, . SQL Server 2000 .
SQL Server 2000,
. ,
. , \Program Files\Microsoft SQL
Server\ MSSQL$InstName
. :
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
\SOFTWARE
\Microsoft
\ Microsoft SQL Server
\[Instance name]
,
. . "
SQL Server 2000" .
. . sysdatabases
Master, .

, , SQL Server 2000, .
, SQL Server 2000 .
4 , SQL Server 2000.
,
150
III.
Windows NT 4.0 Windows 2000. , SQL Server 2000 .

. , .
- ,
.
. , , ,
.
,
. , , ( User Manager
Windows NT 4.0, Active Directory Users and Computers Windows 2000).
.
, , .

SQL Server 2000. . . " " 4
.
Enterprise Manager
MSSQLServer
Enterprise Manager (, Properties).
(SQL Server Properties) ,
MSSQLServer.
Security (. 7.11).
, MSSQLServer.
System account,
. This account,
.
(~~
Services, Enterprise Manager

.
.
7. SQL Server 2000
151
. 7.11. Security

SQLServerAgent .
Management, Enterprise
Manager. SQLServerAgent . , ,
General (. 7.12).
Service startup account
( System account),
( This account), .
.
MSDTC Enterprise
Manager .
Services Control Panel.
SQL Server 2000 Microsoft Search,

MSSQLServer Enterprise Manager. Microsoft
Search MSSQLServer ,
152
III.
MSSQLServer.
Enterprise Manager,
Microsoft Search. Services, .
Microsoft Search .
Enterprise Manager.
. 7.12. General
SQLServerAgent
Enterprise Manager , SQL Server 2000,

. Enterprise
Manager . ,
SQL Server 2000.
, MSSQLServer,
,
, .
.
, Enterprise Manager
MSSQLServer SQLServerAgent.
MSDTC Full-Text Search .
7. SQL Server 2000
153
Services
,
Services .
,
,
.
. 7.13. Service

Services Windows NT 4.0
(. . 7.8) ,
.
SQL Server 2000, ,

MSSQLServer, SQLServerAgent MSDTC.

Startup.
Service (. 7.13),
.
Startup Type :
Automatic. .
, SQL Server 2000
.
Manual. .
,
. , .
Disabled. .
.
, Manual,
Automatic.
Log On As , . System Account,

.
. This
Account. . .
, .
Password Confirm Password .
III.
154
,
. ,
Password Confirm Password .
.
, ,
(Log on as a service), , .
, ,
, . " " 4.

Windows 2000 Services .
, Services, .
. , General (. . 7.10),
.
Startup Type. Services Windows NT 4.0.
, ,
Log On (. 7.14).
. 7.14. Log On

7. SQL Server 2000
155
Service Services Windows NT 4.0. Apply.

. .
SQL Server 2000

, SQL Server 2000
Start ,
.
. 7.15. SQL Server 2000

,
.
Master , .
SQL Server 2000. SQL
Server 2000 . ,
:
156
III.
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
\SOFTWARE
\Microsoft
\MSSQLServer
\MSSQLServer
\Parameters
(. 7.15). ,
sqlservr.exe. . , Enterprise
Manager, .

:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
\SOFTWARE
\Microsoft
\Microsoft SQL Server
\[Instance name]
\MSSQLServer
\Parameters
. 7.1.
-d<master_file_patch>
Master (master.mdf).

-l<master_log_path>
Master (mastlog.ldf)
-e<error_log_patch>

SQL Server 2000.
, .
,
SQL Server 2000.
SQL Server 2000
, . 7.1, SQL
Server 2000. .
SQL Server 2000, Microsoft .
MSSQLServer Parameters .
7. SQL Server 2000
157
.
.
.
SQL Server 2000 sqlservr.exe
,
. SQL Server 2000
Master.
Master .
SQL Server 2000 Mast e r . SQL Server 2000.
, SQL
Server 2000, ,
.
Master, .
, .
SQL Server 2000 , SQL Server 2000 ,

. , SQL Server 2000
Master.
. , .

SQL Server 2000 ,
, , ', . . SQL Server 2000
.
SQL Server 2000 ,
, . , ,
Master.

, . .
,
158
III.
, . SQL
Server 2000 (single-user mode).

. , SQL Server 2000 , .
SQL Server 2000
MSSQLServer , .
.
, SQL Server 2000.
-
.
, SQLServerAgent,
.
SQL Server 2000 ,
, .
, , ,
(checkpoint process). , , . , ,
, . ., SELECT,
DELETE,INSERT UPDATE.
SQL Server 2000

. , EXEC sp_configure ' a l l o w updates'. Microsoft SELECT,
UPDATE, INSERT DELETE.
. .
, .
, SQL Server 2000 "" .
, , -
7. SQL Server 2000
159
. -, .
SQL Server 2000 -:
sqlservr.exe -
, SQL Server 2000

. , Parameters SQL Server 2000 -. SQL Server 2000
. SQL Server 2000 , .
.

SQL Server 2000 ,
, . ,
(, )
. , .
. -
, , .

(minimal configuration), .
:
, SQL
Server 2000, , ;
(open databases), (locks),
(open objects), (language in cache), max async asynchronous I/O;
, ;
, . .
SQL Server 2000 ;
,
, ;
160
III.

(
).
SQL Server 2000 -f:
sqlservr.exe -f
SQL Server 2000 , . , .
SQL Server 2000

, SQL Server 2000.
.
, SQL Server 2000 , . ,
.
. , SQL Server 2000
, .
, SQL Server 2000 - . , ,

. , , . .
MSSQLServer
MSSQLServer, SQL Server 2000,
Enterprise Manager,
sp__configure.
.
MSSQLServer Enterprise Manager
SQL Server Properties. Enterprise Manager Properties. ,
. 8.1.
SQL Server Properties ,
. , :
Configured values.
, . -
III.
162
reconfigure . ,
, . Configured values.
Running values. ,
, . .
, . .
, .
Configured values.
i !
. 8 . 1 . SQL Server
Properties
,
SQL Server 2000.
.
sp_conf igure :
sp_configure [[@configname =] 'name'] [, [Sconfigvalue =] 'value']
[Oconfigname =] 'name' , . , , [Oconfigvalue =] ' v a l u e ' .
8. SQL Server 2000
163
,
, exec. ,
exec s p _ c o n f I g u r e .
, exec . exec
.
, .
, . , .
SQL Server 2000 , (advanced)
.
:
sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1
^)
, , .
MSSQLServer.
General
General (. . 8.1) SQL Server Properties
, , , SQL Server, , , , , SQL Server 2000 .
Autostart policies when the operating system starts SQL Server 2000. .
.
Startup Parameters,
(. 8.2), SQL Server 2000, SQL Server 2000,
SQL Server 2000 . SQL
Server 2000 . 8.1. Startup Parameters. , SQL Server 2000
s q l s e r v r s q l s e r v r . e x e .
, , .
III.
164
SQL Server 2000

s q l s e r v r s q l s e r v r . e x e
.
SQL Server 2000

. " SQL Server 2000 " 7.
. 8.2. Startup Parameters

SQL Server 2000

(singleuser mode). SQL Server 2000,

-f
SQL Server 2000 .

, . .
. " "
-d<master_file_path>
SQL Server Master.

, \Program
Files\Microsoft SQL Server\Mssql\Data\Master.mdf.
,
-e<error_log_path>
.
, \Program Files\Microsoft
SQL Server\Mssql\Log\Errorlog
-l<master_log_path>

Master. , \Program Files\Microsoft SQL
Server\Mssql\Data\Mastlog .Idf
SQL Server 2000 .
. " SQL Server 2000
" 7
-s
, SQL Server 2000
(Windows NT Service Control
Manager).

8. SQL Server 2000
/65
8.1 ()
SQL Server 2000 (application log) . - ,

.
-p<precision_level>

, decimal numeric.
< p r e c i s i o n _ l e v e l > 1 38.
SQL Server 2000
38
-T<trace#>
SQL Server 2000 .

.

, ,
Books Online
-v

SQL Server 2000.

, SQL Server 2000,
-g<memory_to_reserve>
, SQL
Server 2000.
-
DCOM
(Distributed COM), ,

-y<error_number>

(error log)
<error__number>,
-
SQL Server 2000

:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
\SOFTWARE
\Microsoft
\MSSQLServer
\MSSQLServer .
\Parameters
III.
166
, Startup Parameters (. . 8.2), . SQL

Server 2000 Startup Parameters , SQL Server 2000.
. 8.3 Registry Editor (regedit.exe) ,
SQL Server 2000.
. . " SQL Server 2000
" 7. SQL Server 2000 -s.
. 8.3. , SQL Server 2000
SQL Server 2000 , , .
General Network Configuration. SQL Server Network Utility, .

. " " 6.
167
. SQL Server 2000
Memory
, Memory (. 8.4)
, SQL Server 2000.
. 8.4. SQL Server

Properties, Memory
SQL Server 7.0 . SQL Server 7.0 SQL Server 2000 . ,
, SQL Server 2000.
, .

, SQL Server 2000. ,
,
. .
, . . SQL
168
III.
Server 2000 , .
, .
Dynamically configure SQL Server memory
Memory SQL Server Properties
, SQL Server 2000.
Minimum (MB) Maximum (MB)
, . 0 ,
.
4 . , SQL Server 2000,
sp_configure 'max server memory', <_>.
:
sp_configure 'min server memory', <_>.
SQL Server 2000

, 5
/ 200 .
.
, SQL Server 2000 . .
5 , SQL Server 2000
.
, -, 16 .
( Full-Text
Search), SQL Server 2000
50%.
SQL Server 2000 .
, Use a fixed memory size (MB).
, SQL
Server 2000.
SQL Server 2000, , .
8. SQL Server 2000
169
Minimum (MB) Maximum (MB) (

) , , .
Windows NT ( Windows 2000) .
(pagefile swapfile). , .
SQL Server 2000,
, SQL Server 2000 .
, Reserve physical memory for SQL
Server. SQL
Server 2000 . :
sp_configure 'set working set size', 0 | 1
, SQL Server 2000,

, . . ,
SQL Server 2000 .
, SQL Server 2000.
Memory Minimum query
memory (KB). , .
512 2 . ,
, . ,

. , , :
sp_configure 'min memory per query', <_>.
Processor
Processor (. 8.5) , SQL
Server 2000 .
III.
170
. 8.5. SQL Server

Properties, Processor
, ,
SQL Server 2000.
, SQL Server 2000
.
. , , , SQL
Server 2000.
, Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000, Windows NT. ,

.
SQL Server 2000

Windows NT 4.0 Windows 2000, , Microsoft, 32 . Windows NT Windows 2000 . ,
,
.
8. SQL Server 2000
171
Windows NT Server 4.0 4 ,

Windows NT Server 4.0 Enterprise Edition - 32, Windows NT Workstation 4.0
2. Windows 2000 Professional 2
, Windows 2000 Advanced Server
32 .
Windows NT ,
(process), . , , .
, ,
(threads). , .
. , . .
SQL Server 2000 . Processor , . Maximum worker
threads. ,
SQL Server 2000.
Transact-SQL :
sp_configure 'max worker threads', < >
10 1024.
255.
,
. SQL Server 2000 . . ,
,
, .
, SQL Server 2000 ,
. .
.
, ,
!.
, -
172
, . .
Windows NT
(protected mode). , SQL Server 2000,
(user mode).
, . ,
. SQL Server 2000 (fibers).
Windows NT . , . . , , . .
. SQL Server 2000, Use Windows NT fibers.
Use Windows NT fibers , SQL Server 2000

Windows 98. ,
Windows 98 .
Boost SQL Server priority on Windows NT/2000 SQL Server 2000 ,
. , SQL Server 2000 .
, SQL Server 2000 ,
. ,
SQL Server 2000.
,
, SQL Server 2000 . Boost SQL Server priority on Windows NT/2000 , , Enterprise Manager.
Boost SQL Server priority on Windows NT/2000 , SQL Server 2000
.
SQL Server 2000 Transact-SQL :
sp_configure 'priority boost', I 1
^)
p r i o r i t y boost SQL Server 2000

13. , 7. p r i o r i t y boost .
8. SQL Server 2000
173_
Parallelism , .
Use all available processors.
, . Use .
.
, . . ,
,
.
. ,
.
, , .
, (parallel execution cost). , .
(statistics).

.
.
(update).
UPDATE S T A T I S T I C S , -

sp_update_stats.
,
. , , , . ,
. Minimum query plan threshold for considering queries for
parallel execution (cost estimate). ,
5 .
Transact-SQL :
sp_configure ' cost threshold for parallelism1, < >
III.
174
Security
Security (. 8.6) SQL Server 2000.
. 8.6. SQL Server

Properties, Security
SQL Server 2000 : (mixed) Windows NT.

,
SQL Server, Windows NT. SQL Server .
, SQL
Server 2000, Authentication.
SQL Server and Windows NT/2000,
.
Windows NT/2000 only, SQL
Server,
Windows NT.
9.
8. SQL Server 2000
175_
Audit level (),

SQL
Server 2000. None, .
Success SQL Server 2000
.
, Failure. All , .
SQL Server 2000 Enterprise

Manager, Management\SQL Server Logs . Current. . .
MSSQLServer.
System account
. This account,
.
,
SQL Server 2000, . " " 4.
Transact-SQL SQL
Server 2000. 7.
Connections
Connections (. 8.7) ,
, .
Maximum concurrent user connections (0 =
unlimited), ,
. 0, , SQL Server 2000, 32 767.
SQL Server 2000 ,
7 1207
III.
176
, .
40 ,
.
. 8.7. SQL Server

Properties, Connections
0, SQL Server 2000 , .
.

:
sp_configure 'user connections', <0 - 32767>

@@MAX_CONNECTIONS:
SELECT
@@MAX_CONNECTIONS
:
32767
(1 row(s) affected)
8. SQL Server 2000
177_

sp_conf igure:
sp configure 'user connections'
:
name
minimum
maximum
user connections
327 67
config_value run__value
0
, 0, 32 767.
Allow other SQL Servers to connect remotely to this SQL Server using RPC
SQL Server 2000
(RPC, Remote Procedure Call).
, ,
.
, . :
sp_configure 'remote access', 0 11
Query time-out (sec, 0 = unlimited)

, .
,
.
Query time-out (sec, 0 = unlimited) 0. .
, . , , (deadlocks).
- :
sp_configure 'remote query timeout', <0 - 2147483647>
Enforce distributed transactions (MTS), (MSDTC, Microsoft Distributed Transaction Coordinator).

ACID.
:
sp_configure 'remote p r o c t r a n s ' , Oil
Connections Default connection options, .
.
SET. ,
, ,
.
7*
III.
178
Server Settings
Server Settings (. 8.8) . , , .
. 8.8. SQL Server

Properties, Server
Settings
Server Settings
Default language for user, ,
. SQL Server 2000 . SQL Server 2000
, , .
sysmessages
Master. , .
8. SQL Server 2000
179
Default language for user , Language. . ,

, Language,
SQL Server Login Properties.
.
SQL Server 2000 ,
.
, . , Default language for user. :
sp_configure 'default language', <0 - 9999>
.
syslanguages Master.
, , ,
SET LANGUAGE.
Server behavior
. :
Allow modifications to be made directly to the system catalogs
.
INSERT, UPDATE DELETE. ,
SELECT. . Microsoft
.
SQL Server. Microsoft , , . , ,
SQL
Server.
:
sp_configure
'allow updates',
Oil

, -
180
III.
, . ,
, .
Allow triggers to be fired which fire other triggers (nested triggers) (nested triggers). , ,
.
. , ,
. . , . 16.
, , .
, , SQL Server 2000 , . .

:
sp_configure
'nested
triggers',
Oil
Use query governor to prevent queries exceeding specified cost , .

, .
, , ,
.
.
:
sp_configure 'query governor cost l i m i t ' , <0 - 2147483647>
- - . , .
.
.
SQL Mail Start mail session using profile,
,
MSSQLServer . Change
8. SQL Server 2000
181_
, , .
MSSQLServer. , , MSSQLServer
. Server Settings .
MSSQLServer SQLServerAgent .
.
, .
SQLServerAgent .
Server Settings Year 2000
support, , SQL Server 2000
, .
(datetime smalldatetime) . . .

. 1950 and 2049.
, 50 99
XX , 0 49 XXI . ,
"39".
datetime smalldatetime 2039.
78, 1978. :
sp_configure
'two digit year c u t o f f ,
<1753 - 9999>
, 2049.
Database Settings
Database Settings (. 8.9) , .
Settings,
(fill factor) . ,
, . .
.
III.
182
jgj
. 8.9. SQL Server

Properties, Database
Settings
Database Settings . , . .
, . . .
, . .
, , . .
, , .
. ,
(split page).
,
. , , . "", .
,
, .
8. SQL Server 2000
183_
,
. ,
,
. , . , , 100%. (DSS,
Decision Support System) , .
(~
, ,
, 100%. 500 ,
800 .
, Fixed ,
. .
SQL Server 2000 B-depeea (B-tree).
Fixed , , 100%, .

.
Fixed ,
,
. , , ,
.

:
sp_configure ' f i l l f a c t o r ' , %>
Backup/restore
. ,
Time-out period ,
:
Wait indefinitely . , .
Try once then quit , ,

.
Try for ,
. -
184
III.
, .
Default backup media retention (days) , , SQL
Server 2000 . . .
10.
Database Settings Recovery interval (min).
, SQL Server 2000
(recovery database). SQL Server 2000. ,
(rollback) (commit)
, . 0 , SQL Server 2000
. .
, ,
SQL Server 2000 (check point). ,
SQL Server 2000.
, , , .
, SQL Server 2000 .
SQL Server 2000 , . , Recovery interval (min), .
:
sp configure 'recovery i n t e r v a l ' , <0 - 32767>
, .

tion.
,
.
New database default loca ,

:
Default data directory. , (mdf ndf). ... |

, , .
Default log directory.
.
8. SQL Server 2000
185
Replication
SQL Server 7.0, ,
SQL Server Properties SQL Server 2000
.
SQL Server 2000 Replications (. 8.10).
. 8.10. SQL Server

Properties, Replication
Replications .
,
14.
SQLServerAgent
MSSQLServer,
SQL Server 2000.
SQLServerAgent, SQL Server 2000.
SQLServerAgent SQL Server Agent Properties (. 8.11).
III.
186
, \Management SQLServerAgent Properties.
. 8.11. SQL Server

Agent Properties
General
General (. . 8.11) SQLServerAgent. Service startup account
, SQLServerAgent.
System account .
, This account
. SQLServerAgent
MSSQLServer , .
,
SQL Server 2000, . " " 4.
Mail session , . Mail profile
, . -
8. SQL Server 2000
1_87_

SQLServerAgent . Mail profile.
Test, Mail profile .
Save copies of the sent messages in the "Sent Items"
folder, \ .
.
Error log SQLServerAgent. : , . File name ,
. View.
. , Include execution trace messages. He .
.

SQLServerAgent.
Unicode
. .
, ,
Write OEM File. ,
.
SQLServerAgent ,
. ,
.
General Net send recipient. NetBIOS ,
(pop-up messages) SQLServerAgent.
Windows NT
NET SEND.
Advanced
Advanced (. 8.12)
,
.
III.
188
. 8.12. SQL Server

Agent Properties,
Advanced
Restart services , SQL Server 2000 :
Auto restart SQL Server if it stops unexpectedly
MSSQLServer.
Auto restart SQL Server Agent if it stops unexpectedly

SQLServerAgent.
,
,
SQL Server 2000 . - .
SQL Server event forwarding SQL Server 2000, , (application log) Windows NT .
.

, .
, .
Forward events to a different server,
. Server -
8. SQL Server 2000
189_
SQL Server 2000,

. Events , :
Unhandled events. ,
(alerts).
All events. , .
, , (severity
level) . ,
, If event has severity of or above.
("""
,
, 12.
Advanced Idle CPU condition. . (jobs) SQLServerAgent
. , .
Tire
computer is idle when Average CPU usage falls below . And remains below this level for ,
Average CPU usage falls below . , .

, , , . ,
.
,
, (, ).
Alert System
Alert System (. 8.13) , .
Address formatting for pager e-mails , .
, -
III.
190
Alert System,
.
. , ,
Prefix Suffix, Subject ,
.
. 8.13. SQL Server

Agent Properties,
Alert System
Include body of e-mail in notification page
. .
, .
Fail-safe operator (failsafe operator). Notify using :
E-mail ;
Pager ;
Net send NET SEND.
,
. , ,
191
8. SQL Server 2000
.
. , , 12.
Job System
Job System (. 8.14)
: ,

.
. 8.14. SQL Server

Agent Properties,
Job System
SQLServerAgent ,
, . , Msdb.

. ,
.
Job history log ,
. , SQLServerAgent
, .
, limit size of job history log. Maximum job history log size (rows)
\Q2
III.
, .
Maximum job history rows per job
.
, , Current job
history log size (rows). Clear Log
, .
Shutdown time-out interval (seconds) Job execution ( ) , , SQLServerAgent.
. Master SQLServerAgent
(MSX) server ,
.
Non-SysAdmin job step proxy account , ActiveX .
, ActiveScripting CmdShell
sysadmin.
CmdShell
SQLAgentCmdExec,
SQL Server 2000. CmdExec - , , SQLAgentCmdExec . , -
,
.
SQLAgentCmdExec
User Manager for Domains.
CmdShell . SQLAgentCmdExec Reset
Proxy Account Job System. Reset Proxy Password
.
Connection
MSSQLServer SQLServerAgent
, .
Connection (. 8.15)
SQLServerAgent MSSQLServer.
SQL Server connection ,
SQLServerAgent. Windows NT. ,
SQLServerAgent,
sysadmin.
.
, MSSQLServer SQLServerAgent
.
8. SQL Server 2000
193
. 8.15. SQL Server

Agent Properties,
Connection
Use SQL Server Authentication,
SQL Server 2000, .
sysadmin.
Login time-out ( ),
SQLServerAgent
MSSQLServer.
.
Local host server (aliases) , .
. SQL Server
Client Network Utility.

sp_configure
, SQL Server 2000 . Enterprise Manager.
III.
194
Transact-SQL, ,
sp_configure.
, Enterprise Manager. sp_configure. . 8.2 ,
MSSQLServer.
, ,
(*). (+) , SQL Server 2000
SQL Server 7.0.
0.
,
. 0
, .
8.2. sp^con figure

a f f i n i t y mask *
2 147 483 647
SQL
Server 2000 ,
allow updates *

INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
SELECT
awe enabled +

64 (AWE, Address Windowing Extensions)
c2 audit mode +
2, ,

Transact-SQL
cost threshold
32767
for
parallelism *
195
8. SQL Server 2000
8.2 ()
cursor
threshold
-1
2147483647
-1
1
,
default f u l l text language +
2147483647
1033
,

,

default
language *
gggg
fill
100
704
2147483647
5000
2147483647
max degree of
parallelism*
32
max server
memory *
2147483647 2147483647
,
SQL Server 2000
max text repl

size
2147483647
65536
max worker
threads *
10
32767
255
factor*
index create
memory
lightweight
pooling
locks

( t e x t , n t e x t
image),
,
SQL Server 2000
1
,
.
III.
196
8.2 ()
no
365
512
2147483647
1024
min server
memory *
2147483647
, SQL Server 2000
nested
triggers *
512
65536
4096
open objects
2147483647
priority
boost *
, SQL
Server 2000
(13) (7)
query governor
cost l i m i t *
2147483647
.

,
query wait
-1
2147483647
-1

,
.

-.
-1 25
.
0
recovery
interval *
32767
remote access *
media
retention *
min memory per
query *
network packet
size
197
8. SQL Server 2000
8.2 ()
remote login
timeout
2147483647
20
remote proc
trans *
ACID MSDTC
remote query
timeout *
2147483647
,
,

-
scan for
startup procs
1
,
set working
set size *
SQL Server 2000
show advanced
options
1753
9999
2049
user
connections *
32767
user
16383
two d i g i t
cutoff *
year
options

SQL Server 2000

SQL Server 2000. , . . .
.
, ,
, .
. . .
.
, , . , ,
.
,
. ,
, .
, . , , ,
. .
, . , . ,
, , .
-
9. SQL Server 2000
199_
. .
, .
.
, , . ,
.
,
.

, . ,
, .
,
, . SQL
Server 2000 , .
SQL Server 2000.
, ,
. ,
.

SQL Server 2000 , .
:
;
.

. , , .
.
:
(authentication);
(login);
(fixed server roles).
:
(database user);
(fixed database role);
200
III,
(users database role);

(application role).
,
.

, - , . .
, , , , . . .
.
, . . Windows NT SQL Server 2000. ,
. ,
. .
.
SQL Server 2000 (Authentication Modes):
Windows NT (Windows NT Authentication);
SQL Server 2000 (SQL Server Authentication).
.
, . .

. SQL Server 2000 . SQL Server 2000
:
Mixed Mode ( ).
SQL Server 2000
Windows NT, SQL
Server. . ,
Windows NT, ,
Windows NT.
;
201
9. SQL Server 2000
Windows Authentication Mode ( Windows).

Windows NT.
. , ,
, Windows NT , SQL Server.
Enterprise Manager.
. , ,
Properties. Security (. 9.1).
. 9 . 1 . Security

Security Authentication,
.
SQL Server and Windows NT/2000 .
SQL Server, Windows NT/2000 only.
SQL Server 2000

SQL Server.
202
III.
Audit level , :
None. SQL Server 2000 .
Success. , . , .
Failure. . .
. , , , .
Windows NT (Windows NT application log),
SQL Server 2000 (error log), . Windows NT ,
.
Programs, Administrative Tools. SQL
Server 2000 Enterprise Manager. \Management\SQL Server Logs\Current,
SQL Server 2000 .
\Archive#.
Windows NT SQL Server .
Windows NT
Windows NT . Windows NT,
. SQL Server 2000 ,
,
. SQL Server 2000 .
. . , .
SQL Server 2000 Multiprotocol Named Pipes.

Windows NT, , , SQL Server 2000.
SQL Server 2000
Windows NT.
9. SQL Server 2000
203_
(logins), , , ,
, . .
(login ID) , -, (SID, Security Identification),
.
. NTFS. NTFS (ACL, Access Control List). (, Access Control Entries),
.
, login ID ACL . ,
.
,

.
. , ( , , . .) ,
. SQL
Server 2000 , , , .
Windows 98 , SQL Server 2000, ,

Windows NT. SQL Server 2000.
Windows NT
Master SQL Server 2000
(login ID). ,
. . . SQL Server 2000.
Windows NT SQL Server 2000
. -
, ,
SQL Server 2000 .
Windows NT .
,
. SQL Server 2000. , -
204
III.
. .
, . , Windows NT
.
,
. , . . .
, Windows NT
SQL Server 2000.

, , ,
. SQL Server 2000 (login) SQL Server 2000 (user) SQL Server 2000. Windows NT . . . Windows NT , .
Windows NT (trusted relationships) . SQL
Server 2000 , "" . , , , SQL Server 2000.
SQL Server 2000,
, ,
SQL
Server.
, . ,
.
, SQL
Server 2000 .
, .
SQL Server 2000 . Windows NT
, . , Windows NT,
, .
9. SQL Server 2000
205_
SQL Server
SQL Server 2000. Master. , SQL Server,
. . , . , .
, .
SQL Server ,
Windows NT. , Novell NetWare, Unix . . SQL Server 2000 Internet
, SQL Server.
, SQL Server
Windows 98, . . (trusted connection
API) , , Windows NT.
SQL Server ,
Windows NT SQL Server 2000. SQL Server 2000 . , .

, SQL Server 2000 , (account login)
. Windows NT
, Windows NT (SAM, Security Account
Manager). .
Windows NT, , , . Windows NT
SQL Server 2000.
, .
SQL Server 2000 ,
: .
.
206
III.
. ,
. , , Windows NT
User Manager for Domains. , SQL
Server 2000 Windows NT.
,
SQL Server 2000, .
SQL Server . SQL
Server, Windows NT.
Enterprise Manager Transact-SQL.
Transact-SQL , SQL
Server 2000 .
Transact-SQL
SQL Server 2000, Windows NT sysxlogins Master.
. sysxlogins ,
, , .
,
10.
, sysxlogins
.
sysiogins,
sysxlogins, srvid
( ) NULL.
Transact-SQL, sysiogins.
sp_helptext:
USE master
EXEC sp_helptext 'sysiogins'
(~
sp_helptext ,
, . . .
9. SQL Server 2000
207
:
Text
CREATE VIEW syslogins AS SELECT
sid = convert(varbinary(85), sid) ,
status = convert(smallint,
8+CASE WHEN (xstatus & 2)=0 THEN 1 ELSE 2 END),
createdate = convert(datetime, xdatel),
updatedate = convert(datetime, xdate2),
accdate = convert(datetime, xdatel),
totcpu = convert(int, 0 ) ,
totio = convert(int, 0 ) ,
spacelimit = convert(int, 0 ) ,
timelimit = convert(int, 0 ) ,
resultlimit = convert(int, 0 ) ,
name = convert(sysname, name),
dbname = convert(sysname, db_name(dbid)),
password = convert(sysname, password),
language = convert(sysname, language),
denylogin = convert(int, CASE WHEN (xstatussl)=1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END),
hasaccess = convert(int, CASE WHEN (xstatus&2)=2 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END),
isntname = convert(int, CASE WHEN (xstatus&4)=4 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END),
isntgroup = convert(int, CASE WHEN (xstatus&12)=4 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END),
isntuser = convert(int, CASE WHEN (xstatus&12)=12 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END),
sysadmin = convert(int, CASE WHEN (xstatus&16)=16 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END),
securityadmin=convert(int, CASE WHEN (xstatus&32)=32 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END),
serveradmin=convert(int, CASE WHEN{xstatus&64)=64 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END),
setupadmin=convert(int, CASE WHEN(xstatus&128)=128 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END),
processadmin=convert(int, CASE WHEN(xstatus&256)=256 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END),
diskadmin=convert(int, CASE WHEN(xstatus&512)=512 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END),
dbcreator=convert(int, CASE WHEN(xStatus&1024)=1024 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END),
bulkadmin=convert(int, CASE WHEN(xstatus&4096)=4096 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END),
loginname = convert(sysname, name)
FROM sysxlogins WHERE srvid IS NULL
,
s y s l o g i n s ,
(SELECT), (UPDATE, DELETE INSERT).
s y s x l o g i n s .
sysxlogins INSERT, UPDATE DELETE,
.
.
.
.
8
.1207
208
III.
SQL Server Windows NT , SQL Server Windows NT . SQL Server Windows NT.
SQL Server
SQL Server
sp_addiogin, :
sp_addlogin [Sloginame =] 'login'
[, [@passwd =] 'password']
[, [Odefdb =] 'database']
[, [@deflanguage =] 'language']
[, [@sid =] sid]
[, [@encryptopt =] 'encryption option']
sysadmin securityadmin.
.
[@loginame =]
'login'
, SQL Server. sysname,

128 . . name sysiogins ,
.
:
Server: Msg 15025, Level 16, State 1, Procedure sp__addlogin, Line 56
The login '' already e x i s t s .
[gpasswd =]
'password'
, .
sysname, 128
Unicode, NULL. . .
NULL.
s p a d d i o g i n .
pwdencrypt ().
password sysxiogins, varbinary (256), . . .
9. SQL Server 2000
209
, , ,
sp_addlogin.
s p j n e i p t e x t .
EXEC sp_helptext ' s p _ a d d l o g i n ' .
[@defdb =] 'database'
,
. sysname
Master.
. name sysdatabases
Master , Sdefdb.
s p h e l p d b .
,
:
Server: Msg 15010, Level 16, State 1, Procedure sp_addlogin, Line 63
The database '' does not exist. Use sp_helpdb to show available databases.

, , USE .
[@deflanguage =] 'language'
, . ,
.
sysname NULL. ,
NULL, TO , ' d e f a u l t language'
s p c o n f i g u r e Default
language for user Server Settings SQL Server
Properties. . " Server Settings" 8.
, @defianguage, , .
a l i a s syslanguages Master. , SQL Server 2000.
8*
210
III.
sp_helplanguage.
@def language , :
Server: Msg 15033, Level 16, State 1, Procedure sp_validlang, Line 10
'' is not a valid official language name.

SET LANGUAGE '
'. , 1
SET LANGUAGE ' r u s s i a n .
[@sid =] s i d
,
(SID, Security Identification number) . varbinary (16).
S U S E R S I D O .

. ,
,
.
sa 0x01.
sid sysxiogins.
SQL Server
16 , Windows NT 28 . ,

UPDATE, .
@sid
.

, .
:
SELECT sid FROM syslogins
@sid NULL ( @sid), sp_addlogin .
9. SQL Server 2000
211
[Sencryptopt =] 'encryption_option'

, password sysxiogins.
:
NULL . ,
@encryptopt
sp_addiogin. pwdencrypt();
' skip_encryption' ;
' s k i p e n c r y p t i o n o l d ' SQL
Server 2000 ( pwdencrypt ()). ,
.
@ p a s s w d = c o n v e r t ( s y s n a m e ,
convert
( v a r b i n a r y (30) ,
convert (varchar (30), @passwd))). SQL Server 7.0. SQL Server.

SQL
Server s p s d d i o g i n .
:
USE pubs
EXEC sp_addlogin 'Diesel'
, Master ,
. .
:
USE pubs
EXEC sp_addlogin 'Andrey' ,
'analitik',
@sid = OxOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOFF
, ,
sp_addiogin .
wizards, . pubs.

.
USE pubs
EXEC sp_addlogin 'Wizards' ,
'gfhfgcb[jkjubz',
'pubs',
'russian',
OxOlOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOFF,
'skip_encryption'
212
III.

' gfhfgcb [ j k j u b z ' . - ,
.
, , . , . , , . ,

(dictionary attack), , . .
, , , .
,
sysxlogins,
, sysiogins:
USE master
SELECT name, SID, dbname, password, language
FROM sysiogins
WHERE createdate BETWEEN '23 aug 2001' AND '24 aug 2001'
:
name
SID
dbname
Andrey
0XOOOOOO0O0000O00000O0OO000000O0FF
Diesel
0x20D455C65B42D14A8C93CC7F61FAFBB9
Wizards
OX010000000000000000000000000000FF
(3 row(s) affected)
master
master
pubs
password
language
????????
NULL
gfhfgcb[jkjubz
us english
us~english
russian
Windows NT

SQL Server.
Windows NT sp_grantlogin,
:
sp_grantlogin [Sloginame =] 'login'
Windows NT,
SQL Server 2000 Windows NT.
SQL Server Windows NT.
SQL Server 2000,
. Windows NT
. , SQL Server 2000,
.
9. SQL Server 2000
213
s p _ g r a n t l o g i n sysadmin securityadmin.
s p g r a n t i o g i n ,
Windows NT,
SQL Server 2000. , Windows NT. gioginame Windows NT.
Windows NT
, .
,
.
,
. ()
(\). , SQL Server 2000
SQL_Users matrix :
EXEC sp_grantlogin 'matrix\SQL_Users'
:
EXEC sp_grantlogin [matrix\SQL_Users]
, sp_grantlogin , . Windows NT
.
Master, , .

Enterprise Manager sysxlogins.
Enterprise Manager

Enterprise Manager , , , \Security\Logins. Enterprise Manager,
,
syslogins (. 9.2).
:
Name. . 128 .
III.
214
. 9.2. Logins
Type. :
NT User ( Windows NT);
NT Group ( Windows NT);
Standard ( SQL Server).
Server Access. SQL Server 2000:
Permit ();
Deny ().
Default Database. .
User. , .
Default Language. , .

.
, . -
215
9. SQL Server 2000
Enterprise Manager
Delete. , , Delete.

New Login. SQL Server
Login Properties - New Login,
. . , General
(. 9.3), .
. 9 . . General

Authentication , . Windows NT
Authentication, Domain
, . (
, .) Name. , Windows NT , SQL Server 2000 , .
Security access:
Grant access. . .
Deny access. .
III.
216
, , SQL Server 2000. , , .

, Windows NT, . , , ,
. Grant access . , Windows NT, SQL
Server 2000, ( SQL Server 2000), .
SQL Server ( SQL Server Authentication), Password , SQL
Server 2000.
Name. .
Windows NT Windows NT, SQL Server 2000.
. Name Windows NT,
Domain. ,
(. 9.4),
^ 1 .
. 9.4.
9. SQL Server 2000
217
SQL Server, Name

SQL Server 2000. . SQL Server
. , .
. , sysxiogins .
.
Defaults ,
. Database
, ,
Database. Master.
Language
, , (Russian), , .
General .
. 9 . 5 . Server Roles

218
III.
Server Roles (. 9.5)

(fixed server role).
.
Server Roles , SQL Server 2000.
, . Description .
Properties.
Server Role Properties - sysadmin . , General (. 9.6), ,
. Add.
Remove.
. 9.6. General Server Role Properties - sysadmin
Permissions (. 9.7) ,
, , .
Server Roles .
(Database Access) . (. 9.8) . , SQL
Server 2000. Permit,
. Database. . , , -
9. SQL Server 2000
219
, , .
User. Permit
, .
.
, .
. 9.7. Permissions Server Role Properties - sysadmin

. , ,
. ,
, .
, , , .
. Properties,
Database Role Properties (. 9.9), , :
. , Permissions,
,
.
220
III.
. 9.8. Database
Access
. 9.9. Database
Role Properties
db owner
9. SQL Server 2000
221

SQL Server 2000. ,
SQL Server 2000 :
sa (system administrator). SQL Server. ,
. SQL Server 2000 , . , sa
.
sysadmin, SQL
Server 2000, . , sa. sa, .
.
BUILTIN\Administrators.
Windows NT Administrators , SQL
Server 2000,
BUILTIN\Administrators , . .
. SQL
Server 2000 ,
. BUILTIN\
Administrators sysadmin.

SQL Server 7.0 (roles),
SQL Server 6.x. SQL Server 2000 , .

.
, . . SQL Server 2000 :
(server role);
(database role).
.
.
III.
222
. , , .
(fixed server roles). . 91
.
9.1.

sysadroin
(System Administrators)
SQL
Server 2000. ,

setupadmin
(Setup Administrators)

, , SQL Server 2000, setupadmin
serveradmin
(Server Administrators)
,
.
(SHUTDOWN), (sp_conf igure),
(RECONFIGURE),
(sp_fulltext_service)
securityadmin
(Security Administrators)

,
,
,
securityadmin SQL Server
processadmin
(Process Administrators)
, SQL
Server2000, .. K I L L .
processadmin
diskadmin

SQL Server 7.0.
(device).
diskadmin ,
, , SQL Server 2000 ,

(Disk Administrators)
dbcreator
(Database Creators)
, ,

bulkadmin
SQL Server 7.0.

bulkadmin
,
(Bulk Insert administrators)
SQL Server 6.x . , ,

.
9. SQL Server 2000
223
, .
SQL Server 2000 .
, .
.
.

Server Roles (. . 9.5) sp_addsrvrolemember,
:
sp_addsrvrolemember [@loginame =] 'login' , [Srolename =] ' r o l e '
sysadmin
. ,
, .
@ioginame , . ,
, @roiename. , .
Windows NT
Admin STORAGE sysadmin:
EXEC sp_addsrvrolemember 'STORAGE\Admin', 'sysadmin'
, ,
, Windows NT . ,
Windows NT SQL Server 2000 Windows NT,
.
.
,
, :
sp_helpsrvrolemember [ [@srvrplename =] 'role']
, , . , , Osrvroiename.
sysadmin:
EXEC sp_helpsrvrolemember sysadmin'
224
III.
. 9.1.
:
EXEC sp_helpsrvrole
:
ServerRole
Description
sysadmin
securityadmin
serveradmin
setupadmin
processadmin
diskadmin
dbcreator
bulkadmin
(8 row(s) affected)
System Administrators
Security Administrators
Server Administrators
Setup Administrators
Process Administrators
Disk Administrators
Database Creators
Bulk Insert administrators

spt_vaiues, .

sp_dropsrvroiemember, :
sp_dropsrvrolemember [@loginame =] 'login' , [@rolename =] 'role'
sp_addsrvroiemember, .

. SQL
Server 2000. , . ,
sysadmin. , , ,
, .
(user)
,
. , ,
,
9. SQL Server 2000
225
. ,
.
SQL Server 2000 ,
. , SQL Server 2000. .
,
. , , .

. (. . " Enterprise Manager" ).
, Database Access.

Enterprise Manager. Enterprise Manager ,
, Users. (. 9.10)
, , :
Name. . 128 .
.
Login Name. ,
.
Database Access. , (Permit), , , (Deny).
Enterprise Manager User ( ) New
Database User. Database User Properties - New
User (. 9.11), .
Login name , .
, , ,
. User name
, . , ,
. . , . .
226
III.
. 9.10. Users
,
.
. Properties,
, , .
.
Database User Properties - New User Permissions, . ,
, ,
.
.
,
Properties
. ,
. , ,
.
227
9. SQL Server 2000
. 9 . 1 1 .
Database User Properties - New
User

:
dbo (database owner). , .
. dbo . dbo sa, . ,
dbowner .
dbo db_owner ;
guest. ,
guest.

, . guest, , ,
, SQL Server 2000. guest
.
Transact-SQL
Enterprise
Manager. -
III.
228
. , , Transact-SQL. ,
.
Transact-SQL,
, .

, ,
sysusers, , . . 9.2
sysusers .
sysusers . .
9.2. sysusen

uid
smallint
(),
.
dbo 1.
guest 2. 16 384, 16 400
status
smallint
,
(). .

sysname
, () .
,
varbinary(85)
, .
SQL Server s i d
s y s l o g i n s Master.
Windows NT
syslogins
{ ,
Windows NT)
sid
9. SQL Server 2000
229
9.2 ()

roles
varbinary(2048) , . , 1. ,
SQL Server 2000 16 384
createdate
datetime
()
updatedate
datetime

()
altuid
smallint
.
.
password
varbinary(256)
. , NULL
gid
smallint
,
.
s i d ,
environ
varchar(255)

NULL
hasdbaccess
int
1,

islogin
int
1,
(SQL Server,
Windows NT)
isntname
int
1,
Windows NT
isntgroup
int
1, Windows NT
isntuser
int
1, Windows NT
issqluser
int
1, SQL Server
isaliased
int
1, .
SQL Server 6.x
///.
230
9.2 ()

issqlrole
int
1,

isapprole
int
1,

, sysusers . , . , (attach)
,
. ,
,
. ,
, .
Windows NT, . . . ,
( ), (
, ) .
, -
sid . SQL Server 2000
S U S E R _ S I D O ,
SQL Server,
Windows NT. , SUSER_SIDO, s i d sysusers.
, sp_attach_db, L i i i y a
Windows NT L i i i y a matrix,
:
USE pubs
UPDATE sysusers SET sid = SUSER_SID('matrix\Liliya')
WHERE name = 'Liiiya1
,
.
EXEC sp__configure ' a l l o w
update', 1.
9. SQL Server 2000
231

SELECT .
sysusers .
, , , , sysusers
, Master.

spheipuser:
USE pubs
EXEC sp_helpuser
:
UserName
GroupName
LoginName
DefDBName
UserlD SID
Admin
Casper
dbo
guest
public
public
db owner
db datareader
NULL
Casper
sa
NULL
NULL
pubs
master
NULL
6
5
1
2
0x0542A973F5
0x04456EC274
0x01
0x00

Windows NT, . . .
, Admin ,
. ,
Windows NT, Windows NT.

:
sp_adduser.
SQL Server .
sp_grantdbaccess. SQL Server 2000
, SQL Server 7.0.
spadduser, sp_grantdbaccess, :
sp_grantdbaccess [Ologiname =] ' l o g i n 1
[,[@name_in_db =] 'name_in_db' [OUTPUT]]
232
III.

sysadmin dbowner
db_accessadmin.
gioginame ,
.
. @name_in_db ,
.
.

s p g r a n t d b a c c e s s . pubs
Admin, STORAGE\Admin:
USE pubs
EXEC sp_grantdbaccess 'STORAGE\Admin', 'Admin'
, @loginame
, ,
Windows NT, SQL
Server 2000 Windows NT.

sp_revokedbaccess, :
sp_revokedbaccess [@name_in_db =] 'name'
((~

sysadmin db_owner
db_accessadmin.
, . , , , .
, DROP,
sp_changeobjectowner.
, Admin :
EXEC sp_revokedbaccess 'Admin'
9. SQL Server 2000
233_
sprevokedbaccess
s p d r o p u s e r , sp_revokedbaccess :
sp_dropuser [@name_in_db =] ' u s e r '
, s p a d d u s e r , SQL Server 2000 .

. " " ""
. SQL Server 2000, ,
: . . " "'
, . , .
SQL Server 2000 :
(fixed database role);
(user database role);
(application role).
( ),
. . . , .
.

, .
.
,
.
SQL Server 2000 , SQL Server Windows NT,
Windows NT .
, Enterprise Manager . , SQL Server 2000

,
.
III.
234
. 9.3 .
9.3.

db_securityadmin
db_owner
, . .

db_denydatawriter
db_denydatareader
db_ddladmin
db_datawriter
, ,

db_datareader
, ,

db_backupoperator
db accessadmin

: ,
, , . . 9.3 ,
public. . , , public, .
public. , . .
public.
public
(default right). public, , , , . public guest. ,
. , guest, . ,
, guest , . public
, guest.
9. SQL Server 2000
235

Transact-SQL

,
.

, ,
. -
UPDATE, INSERT DELETE -
sysusers,
.
(,
Enterprise Manager)
. , s p d r o p r o l e , , . ,
db_ddiadmin:
USE pubs
EXEC sp_droprole 'db_ddladmin'
:
Server: Msg 15142, Level 16, State 1, Procedure sp_droprole, Line 46
Cannot drop the role 'db_ddladmin'.
DELETE:
USE pubs
DELETE FROM s y s u s e r s WHERE name = 'db_ddladmin'
. . , , NewFixedRoie:
USE pubs
INSERT INTO sysusers (uid, s t a t u s , [name], s i d ,
createdate, updatedate, a l t u i d , [password], r o l e s )
SELECT 16395, 0, 'NewFixedRoie1 , NULL,
GETDATEO, GETDATEf), 1, NULL, 0x00
, ,
, sysusers,
uid 16 384 16 399 , . , 16 395 .
M o d e l , .
236
III.
, syspermissions.
,
- ,
. ,

. , ,
, . , .
.

.

sp_helprole:
USE pubs
EXEC sp_helprole
:
RoleName
Roleld IsAppRole
public
db__owner
db_accessadmin
db_securityadmin
db_ddladmin
'
db_backupoperator
db_datareader
db_datawriter
db_denydatareader
db_denydatawriter
NewFixedRole
0
16384
16385
16386
16387
16389
16390
16391
16392
16393
16395
0
0
0
0
0
, ,
, , .

,
sp_addrolemember, :
sp_addrolemember [grolename =] ' r o l e 1 , [gmembername =] 'security_account'
Sroiename ,
.
9. SQL Server 2000
237
. .
spaddroiemember
.
( , )
,
. , ,
@membername.

AccessedUser dbaccessadmin:
EXEC sp addrolemember 'db_accessadmin',
'AccessedUser'

, ,

. :
sp_helprolemember [[Srolename =]
'role']
, .
, grolename, .

:
USE pubs
EXEC sp_helprolemember
:
DbRole
MemberName
MemberSID
AccessedUser
db accessadmin
db datareader
db owner
db owner
db owner
NewFixedRole
NewFixedRole
(8 row(s) affected)
Access
AccessedUser
guest
Access
AccessedUser
NULL
NULL
0x00
NULL
NULL
0x01
0x43940DBCA5C63C4D9F407BFCCCB34CD9
NULL
dbo
Casper
Mayor

,
sp_droprolemember,
:
1
sp_droprolemember [Qrolename =] ' r o l e ,

[Smembername =] ' s e c u r i t y account 1
III.
238
,
. .
, dbaccessadmin AccessedUser :
USE pubs
EXEC sp_droprolemember 'db accessadmin',
'AccessedUser'

,

.
,
, ,
.
, ,

. SQL Server 2000
SQL Server 6.x Windows NT.
. 9.12. Rotes
239
9. SQL Server 2000
Roles (. 9.12)
Enterprise Manager. :
Name ;
Role Type . Standard ( )
Application ( ).
Enterprise Manager Roles New Database Role. Database Role Properties - New Role (. 9.13)
Name , .
Database role type
. Standard role,
Add
. Application role, , . .
. 9.13.

Transact-SQL

Transact-SQL, , . . , 9
.1207
240
III.
sysusers, .
, sysusers , ,
. ,
,
i s s q i r o i e . 1, . . .
gid. ,
sid, . , (
sid) 16 400.
, p u b l i c 0.
,
:
USE pubs
SELECT * FROM sysusers WHERE issqiroie = 1 AND sid = gid
SELECT * FKOM sysusers WHERE gid .'= 0
SELECT * FROM sysusers WHERE sid >= 16400

s p h e l p r o l e , . Role id 16 400.

s p a d d r o l e , :
sp_addrole [Srolename =] 'role' [, [@ownername =] 'owner']
sysadmin db owner
db_securityadmin.
, , Oroiename.
. , , . ,
(, ). -
9. SQL Server 2000
241
, , :
Server: Msg 15023, Level 16, State 1, Procedure sp__addrole, Line 58
User or role '' already exists in the current database.
(
dbo). , dbo . ,

Sownername. . .
Accesseduser,
guest:
USE pubs
1
EXEC sp_addrole 'Accesseduser , 'guest'
, SQL Server 7.0 . . SQL Server 6.x

SQL Server 2000 , . , . ,
spaddgroup.
:
sp_addgroup [@grpname =] ' g r o u p '
,
. , . :
USE master
EXEC s p _ h e l p t e x t 'sp_addgroup'
:
Text
create procedure sp_addgroup
Sgrpname
sysname
name of new role
as
declare Sret int
execute @ret = sp_addrole @grpname
return @ret
, spaddgroup -
sp_addroie, , . ,
, SQL Server 2000 .
,

9*
242
III.
, ,
. , spaddrolemember,
sp_droprolemember.

sp_droproie, :
sp_droprole [Orolename =] ' r o l e '
, .
, spdroproiemember.
, .
,
sp_changeobjectowner, .

AccessesUser:
USE pubs
EXEC sp_droprole 'AccessesUser'

,
.
. SQL Server 2000 (application role).
, ,
,
- .
,
. , , .
, SQL Server 2000, .
^)
. ,
.
9. SQL Server 2000
243_
Enterprise Manager . . , , . .
, . ,
. .
.
. SQL Server Windows NT SQL
Server 2000.
, ( ).
, .
, .
, SQL Server 2000
. , ,
, . , SQL Server 2000 , , .
.
, , .
.
,
, .
.
, , ,
,
. guest, .

, guest.
, guest
public.
,
. , ,
guest,
. .
244
III.

Transact-SQL

Transact-SQL, sysusers, .
. , ,
isapprole. 1,
. ,
password , . (
) password NULL.
,
:
OSE pubs
SELECT * FROM s y s u s e r s WHERE i s a p p r o l e = 1
s p h e i p r o i e ,
. isapprole
!, 0.

s p a d d a p p r o i e , :
sp_addapprole [Srolename =] 'role', [Spassword =] 'password'
sysadmin db_owner
db_securityadmin.
, .
. , .
. gpassword , .
password sysusers.
Mayor
marshal:
USE pubs
EXEC sp_addapprole 'Mayor', 'marshal'
9. SQL Server 2000
245

:
sp_setapprole [Srolename =] ' r o l e ' ,
[gpassword =] {Encrypt N 'password'} | 'password'
[,[@encrypt =] ' e n c r y p t _ s t y l e ' ]
.
.
, .
, USE .
.
[grolename =] ' r o l e '
, .
. ,
:
Server: Msg 2763, Level 16, State 1, Procedure sp_setapprole, Line 41
Could not find application role ''.

.
[Spassword =] (Encrypt N 'password'} I 'password'
, . ,
. , :
Server: Msg 2764, Level 16, State 1, Procedure sp_setapprole, Line 41
Incorrect password supplied for application role ''.
ODBC Encrypt, [gpassword =]
Encrypt N 'password'. Encrypt
Unicode, N,
Unicode.
[Sencrypt =] 'encrypt__style'
. :
' ' ;
246
III.
odbc'
ODBC Encrypt.

SETUSER . SETUSER
sysadmin dbowner
.

Mayor:
USE pubs
EXEC sp_setapprole 'Mayor', 'marshal'
.
, :
USE pubs
EXEC sp_setapprole 'Mayor', Encrypt N ' m a r s h a l '
EXEC sp_setapprole 'Mayor', ' m a r s h a l ' , 'odbc'

USE.
, , .
s p d r o p a p p r o l e , :
sp_dropapprole [@rolename =] ' r o l e '
sysadmin dbowner
db_securityadmin.
, .
, . :
Server: Msg 15014, Level 16, State 1, Procedure sp_dropapprole, Line 29
The role '' does not exist in the current database.
9. SQL Server 2000
247
Mayor,
:
USE pubs
EXEC sp dropapprole 'Mayor'
, - . .
,
sp_changeobjectowner.

, .

.
:
;
;
Transact-SQL.
, , . . ,
, Dbcreator.

.
, . , ,
. .
,
.
.

:
INSERT.
. , INSERT
.
248
III.
UPDATE. , , , .
DELETE. .
INSERT, DELETE
.
SELECT. . , .
REFERENCES. .
,
'.
REFERENCES , . ,
.
REFERENCES SQL Server.

.
, .
.
,
, (view),
, .
. ,

d b d a t a r e a d e r ,
.

,
(EXECUTE).
.
REFERENCES, , .
, .
. , Enterprise Manager.
9. SQL Server 2000
249
Enterprise Manager
Stored Procedures. Enterprise Manager
, . Object Properties (. 9.14),
Permissions
,
All Tasks, Manage Permissions.
. 9.14. Object Properties matrix
, EXEC. ,
.
. .
. Enterprise Manager
Enterprise Manager User Defined
Functions. Enterprise Manager , .
Object Properties (
. 9.14), Permissions
,
All Tasks, Manage Permissions.
250
III.

,
Permissions .
Transact-SQL
, .
Transact-SQL

.
Transact-SQL:
CREATE DATABASE. . .
CREATE TABLE. .
CREATE VIEW. .
CREATE PROCEDURE. .
CREATE FUNCTION. .
CREATE RULE. .
CREATE DEFAULT. .
BACKUP DATABASE. .
BACKUP LOG. .
ALL. .
sysadmin dbowner ALL.
, .

,
SQL Server 2000.
.
,
.
p u b l i c ,
, .
, (allow access)
.
,
.
9. SQL Server 2000
251_

. ,
Transact-SQL.
Windows NT , .
, Windows NT SQL Server. . Reader
, (login) SQL Server
Liiiya. ,
L i i i y a , Windows NT,
NTGroup3.
Editor, ,
Reader.
, .
, d b _ d a t a w n t e r .

d b _ d a t a r e a d e r .
, ,
.
Transact-SQL. .
SQL Server 7.0

Transact-SQL. SQL Server 2000
Enterprise Manager.
Enterprise Manager :
. Enterprise Manager , ,
,
Properties.
Permissions, Object Properties
(. 9.15). , ( dbo), , ,
public.
III.
252
. , .
,
, - . Object , .
Object.
, . . ,
SELECT . , EXECUTE .
. 9.15. Object Properties matrix

Co . Enterprise Manager , .
Users, .
Database User
Properties (. 9.16), Permissions
. ,
, .
.
9. SQL Server 2000
253
Database user ,
.
Database user.
dbo. , , .
dbo .
. . ,
Permissions , . ( ) Roles, .

public.
. , Enterprise
Manager, SQL Server 2000,
,
. Database User
Properties Columns. Column Permissions (. 9.17), .
. 9.16. Database User Properties pubs
III.
254
. 9.17. Column
Permissions

GRANT, :
GRANT
{
ALL
[PRIVILEGES]
permission
[,...n]
[( column [,...n] )] ON {table I view)

I ON {table I view} [( column [,...n] )]
I ON {stored_procedure I extended_procedure}
I ON {user_defined_function}
}
TO security_account [,...n]
[WITH GRANT OPTION]
[AS (group I role}]
:
ALL

.
, sysadmin
db owner.
9. SQL Server 2000
255
PRIVILEGES
PRIVILEGES
.
ANSI SQL-92.
permission [,...n]
,
. :
SELECT , ;
INSERT ;
DELETE ;
UPDATE ,
;
REFERENCES , ;
EXECUTE .
Enterprise Manager
REFERENCES DRI (declarative referential integrity,
).
[,...]
, GRANT .
(column [, . . . ] )

. GRANT
.
.
SELECT UPDATE.
ON (table I view}
,
. (column [, .. . ] ) ,
. .
SELECT,
UPDATE, DELETE, INSERT REFERENCES.
256
ON { t a b l e | view}
III.
[( column [ , . . . n ] )]
,
. {table | view}
,
(column [, .. .]) , .
ON {stored_procedure I extended_procedure}

.
. , , .
,
Master. .
EXECUTE.
d ON {user_defined_function}
.

EXECUTE REFERENCES.
security_account
[,...n]
, . GRANT,
.
WITH GRANT OPTION
, ,
, .
WITH GRANT OPTION -
. .
AS {group I role}
, - .
, ,
, . AS ,
.
Transact-SQL
GRANT :
GRANT {ALL I statement[,...n]} TO security_account [, .. .n]
9. SQL Server 2000
257
ALL Transact-SQL. sysadmin

dbowner.
Transact-SQL s t a t e m e n t ! , .. .]. . " Transact-SQL" . secur i t y a c c o u n t [, .. .] .
, ,
GRANT.
Accesseduser au_id, au_lname, aulname s t a t e authors

pubs:
GRANT SELECT (au__id, au_lname, au_lname, state)
ON authors
TO AccessedUser
, .

.

SQL Server 2000

. , Windows NT,
SQL Server,
.
Windows NT. SQL Server 2000

.
, , , .
, .
,
(deny access) , ,
. , , .
. ,
, , , .
.
258
III.
,
(DEMY) , (GRANT).
,
SQL Server 2000 ,
,
Windows NT.
db_owner. .
db_denydatawriter db_denydatareader, .
DENY, :
DENY
{ ALL [PRIVILEGES] I p e r m i s s i o n [ , . . . n ] }
{
[( column [ , . . . n ] )] ON { t a b l e I view}
I ON { t a b l e | view } [( column [ , . . . n ] )]
I ON { s t o r e d _ p r o c e d u r e I e x t e n d e d _ p r o c e d u r e }
I ON { u s e r _ d e f i n e d _ f u n c t i o n }
}
TO s e c u r i t y _ a c c o u n t [ , . . . n ]
[CASCADE]
DENY GRANT. ,
.
CASCADE. DENY CASCADE, TO . , , ,
CASCADE . -,
.
Transact-SQL DENY:
DENY{ALL | s t a t e m e n t [ ,
n]} s e c u r i t y _ a c c o u n t [ , . . .n]

: (GRANT)
(DENY). (revoke access). ,
9. SQL Server 2000
259_
( , ).
, .
. ,
, , ,
. (REVOKE) ,

. ,
" " . SQL Server 2000 ,
,
.

, . . ,
, .
,
. , ,
. ,
,
.
.
,
.

, REVOKE :
REVOKE [GRANT OPTION FOR]
{ ALL
[PRIVILEGES]
permission
[,...n]
[( column [,...n] )] ON {table I view}

I ON (table I view} [( column [,...n] )]
I {storedjorocedure I extended_procedure}
}
{ TO I FROM }
security_account [,
n]
[CASCADE]
[AS { group I role }]
260
III.
DENY, REVOKE
GRANT, . , . REVOKE, GRAND DENY
, GRANT OPTION FOR.
.
GRANT OPTION FOR , WITH GRANT OPTION.
FROM .
FROM '
, . .
Transact-SQL
REVOKE :
REVOKE {ALL I statement[,...n]} FROM security_account [, . . .n]

Enterprise Manager . ()
Permissions. ,
Transact-SQL.
sp_heiprotect, :
sp_helprotect [[@name =] 'object_statement']
[, [@username =] 'security_account' ]
[, [Sgrantorname =] 'grantor']
[, [Spermissionarea =] 'type']
(~
Public. ,

.
.
[@name =]
'object_statement'
,
.
Transact-SQL:
9. SQL Server 2000
26?
CREATE DATABASE;
CREATE DEFAULT;
CREATE FUNCTION;
CREATE PROCEDURE;
CREATE RULE;
CREATE TABLE;
CREATE VIEW;
BACKUP DATABASE;
BACKUP LOG.
gname NULL, TO .
[gusername =]
'security_account'
,
.
NULL, TO .
[@grantorname =] ' g r a n t o r '
, , .
.
[@permissionarea =]
'type'
, . :
s' ;
' ' ;
' s1 ,
.
.
s p h e l p r o t e c t
authors:
USE pubs
EXEC spjielprotect 'authors'
:
Owner
Object
Grantee
Grantor ProtectType Action
dbo
dbo
dbo
authors
authors
authors
guest
guest
guest
dbo
dbo
dbo
Grant
Grant
Grant
Column
Delete
Insert
References (All+New)
262
dbo
authors
dbo
authors
(5 row(s) affected)
III.
guest
guest
dbo
dbo
Grant
Grant
Select
Update
(All+New)
(All+New)
, . :
owner. .
objects. , .
Grantee. ,
.
Grantor. ,
.
ProtectType. ,
.
Action. , .
column. ,
. , (Aii+New).
,
guest:
USE pubs
sp_helprotect NULL, 'guest', NULL, 's'
:
Owner Object Grantee
Grantor ProtectType Action
guest
guest
guest
guest
guest
(5 row(s) affected)
dbo
dbo
dbo
dbo
dbo
Grant
Grant
Grant
Grant
Grant
Create
Create
Create
Create
Create
Column
Default
Procedure .
Rule
Table
View

, .
. , , . ,
, ,
.
,
, ,
, ,
9. SQL Server 2000
263
. ,
,
, .
.
, Liliya Tabiei.
viewi,
Tabiei. Liliya John
viewi. John
Tabiei viewi,
Tabiei.
viewi 2,
Liss,
viewi, Liss John Table2.
, ,
. -
,
, ,
. - , ,
, , .
. 9.18 ,
.
Joe.procedurel
J
Joe.procedure2 |
| Sue.procedure3
Joe.viewi
Sue.view2
i
Suetabel
Joe.table2
Sue,table3
. 9.18.
Joe Sue
Procedure 1, . SQL
Server 2000 sue
Procedurel, Procedure3, View2, Table2 .
Procedure2 Tabiei , . . Procedure2 Tabiei
.
10

, , ,
. . , SQL Server 2000, .
:
SQL Server 2000
, . ,
, ,
SQL Server 2000,
, , . .
, , , , , , ,
. .
. , ,
. ,
,
.

. ,
. , . . . ,
10.
265
,
. . *
, , .
, ,
SQL Server 2000 , . .
, , .

, SQL Server 2000
.

, . . .
, Windows NT.
:
SQL Server. , (Service Pack)
(Patches). , SQL Server
. .
, ,
. , , , , . ,
, . ,
SQL Server 7.0 ,
23 Microsoft,
. , , . ,
.
SQL Server 2000. SQL Server 2000
sysadmin serveradmin . . SQL Server 2000
. ,
, , ,
.
266
III.
. ( SQL
Server 2000),
, .

.
, SQL
Server 2000. MSSQLServer , .
SQL Server 2000.
.
, , , , , . SQL Server 2000 Enterprise Manager 8.
.
Windows NT SQL Server, SQL Server 2000. . " " 4.
. , , .
.
, . .
13.
.
.
. , SQL Server 2000 . ,
.
. SQL Server 2000 .
.
SQL Server 2000 17.
.
.
,
. ,
10.
267
, , , , . .
. ,
. .
. , , .
. , , . , .
.
.
.
.
, . . . ,
,
.
. ,
,
. ,
, .
.
,
. ,
.
.
, ,
. .
, , ,
. , .
. -
268
III.

. .
, ,
. .
SQL Server 2000 ,

. .
,
, .
9.

SQL Server 2000 . . , SQL Server 2000
,
.
SQL Server 2000
SQL Server 2000, .

. .
.
. ,
, . , SQL Server 2000 (13), . . (7).
, .
,
, . SQL
Server 2000 8.
SQL Server 2000,
,
. ; Enterprise Manager
10.
269
SQL Server 2000, .

Enterprise Manager,
. , , , (linked) (remote) .
Enterprise Manager, .

SQL Server 2000,
, .
,
. , , .
:
, . . ;
,
Server 2000;
SQL
, Enterprise
Manager ;
SQL Server
SQL Server, .
.
Registed SQL Server Properties. Enterprise Manager
.
Register SQL Server Wizard.
, .
Enterprise Manager, SQL Server 2000,

SQL Server 7.0. SQL Server 7.0 SQL Server 2000.
Registered SQL
Server Properties.
Enterprise Manager
New SQL Server Registration. Registered SQL Server Properties (. 10.1), -
270
III.
. , New SQL Server Registration.
. 1 0 . 1 . Registered SQL
Server Properties
Server SQL Server 2000

SQL Server 7.0, . , NetBIOS , SQL
Server 2000. ,

_\_.
SQL Server 2000, , Active
Directory. SQL Active Directory Search (. 10.2),
^ J , Server.
In .
Name SQL Server 2000, . .
1 . Name , , . 1
, , ,
(?) (*). .
10.
271
. Version 7.0 8.0

(SQL Server 2000). Version ,
.
, Find Now. .
, Server.
. 10.2. SQL Active Directory Search
SQL Server, Windows 95/98, .

. , Windows 95/98, ( ). , SQL Server,
. .
Connections (. . 10.1) ,
Server 2000. , :
Use Windows NT authentication.
Windows NT.
10 . 1207
272
III.
.
Use SQL Server authentication. SQL Server
.
:
Login Name ,
. , ;
Password ;
Always prompt for login name and password. , , . Enterprise Manager

. , Enterprise Manager
, .
Password , Login Name
, .
(
, SQL Server
Always prompt for login name and password. .
. SQL Server 7.0 (XOR). . , (patch),
.
, ,
Options.
Server Group. ,
.
. .
,
Server Groups (. 10.3),
^ J , Server Group.
. .
273
10.
. - . . Microsoft 5060
SQL Server,
.
Display SQL Server state in console. Enterprise Manager.

Enterprise Manager
.
Show system databases and system objects.
, , , ,
. , , (,
, ). , Enterprise Manager, .
, .
Automatically start SQL Server when connecting. SQL Server 2000
.
. 10.3. Server Groups
Enterprise
Manager, .

10*
274
III.
Enterprise Manager, . .
.
. , Enterprise Manager . , ,
, .
- . . ,
, , Server . , , , , , .
(
^)
Windows NT,
SQL Server,
"Login failed" ( ). , SQL Server
.
Registered SQL Server Properties.
Register SQL Server Wizard. Enterprise Manager Run a Wizard,
Register Server Wizard
. .
(. 10.4) . From now on, I want to
perform this task without using a wizard.
, , , Registed SQL Server Properties, Next
,
Registered SQL Server Properties, . ,
From now on, I want to perform this task without using a wizard
.
(. 10.5)
. , .
(Available servers),
. ,
. Added
servers, Add . . -
275
10.
. - ,
Remove.
. 10.4. Register SQL Server Wizard
ill
III.
276
SQL Server,
Windows 95/98, , . .
, .
(. 10.6) , Enterprise Manager
. Connect using. SQL Server , .
. 1 0 . 6 . Register SQL Server Wizard
(. 10.7) (Login name)

(Password) SQL Server, .
. . , Prompt for the SQL Server account information when connecting. Login name Password ,
Enterprise Manager
, .
10.
277
Windows NT
.
(. 10.8) .
, Add the SQL
Server(s) to an existing SQL Server group
Group name .
, Create
a new top-level SQL Server group Group name .

, .
Register SQL Server Wizard .
. (. 10.9)
, .
Finish ,
.
III.
278
, . , , Enterprise Manager.
279
10.

SQL Server 2000,
Enterprise Manager . Enterprise Manager
.
, . ,
, .
, .

Server 2000. , ,
Enterprise Manager. ,
, .
,
. Server
Groups (. 10.10), .
. 10.10. Server Groups

Name.
, . Level Top level group,
, . . Console Root.
, Sub-group of.
,
280
III.
, .
, , .
Delete. , Enterprise Manager , , , .
.
(
Enterprise Manager . ,
,
.
Rename Server Group
(. 10.11), , Rename SQL Server Group
.
Rename the server group to .
. 10.11. Rename Server Group
MATRIX

(data source) SQL
Server 2000, .
,
. .
,
. SQL Server 2000,
. SQL Server 2000
OLE DB, ,
. , , OLE DB
(OLE DB Provider). SQL
Server 2000 ,
SQL Server 2000 .
OLE DB.
10.
281
OLE DB ,

OLE DB.
.
ODBC, OLE DB
.
SQL Server 2000 ,
, Oracle, DB2, ADSL ODBC, Exchange . ,
, ,
, , .
, , . . , SQL Server 2000
(linked servers).
sysservers
Master. OLE DB, , ,
, (, ), , .
(
sysservers , SQL Server 2000: , , , , ,

SQL Server 2000.
, SQL Server 2000 sysservers
. . OLE DB,
, .
, , (remote query) (distributed query), . , ,
, .
, :
SELECT t i t l e FROM storage.pubs..titleauthor as ta,
[storage\trelon].pubs.dbo.authors as a, p u b s . . t i t l e s as t
WHERE ta.au_id = a.au_id AND t . t i t l e _ i d = t a . t i t l e _ i d
AND a.state = 'CA'
282
III.
. . , .
, . , . ,
.
SQL
Server 2000 .
, , SQL Server 2000. , SQL Server 2000

sysservers. SQL Server 2000,
, . , ,
.
sysadmin
setupadmin. ,
.
SQL Server 2000 (remote servers).

SQL Server 2000 SQL Server 7.0.
, .
. ,
. ,
OPENDATASOURCE OPENROWSET.
, .
.
- .
. SQL
Server 2000 .
SQL Server 2000
.
,
, .
10.
283
,
:
Transact-SQL ;
Enterprise Manager.

.
Transact-SQL
,
. , sysservers. , (
) INSERT.
.

. , , , . ,
.
,
.

sp_addlinkedserver, :
sp_addlinkedserver [gserver =] 'server'
[, [Ssrvproduct =) 'product_name']
[, [@provider =] 'provider_name']
[, [Sdatasrc =] 'data_source']
[, [Olocation =] 'location']
t, [@provstr =] 'provider_string']
[, [Scatalog =] 'catalog']
. ,
. .

. ,
284
III.
sp serveroption
'ServerName' ,
'data a c c e s s ' ,
EXEC
'TRUE'.
:
[@server =]
'server'
,
. , , . @server .
. sysname,
.
Sserver ,
. (, ),
, . ,
, , , .
[Ssrvproduct =]
'product_name'
, . ,
.
Microsoft SQL Server,
'SQL s e r v e r 1 .
(@provider), (gdatasrc), (siocation),
(gprovstr), (gcataiog).
@server SQL
Server 2000 , .
nvarchar (128), NULL.
d
[@provider =]
'provider_name'

OLE DB, . .
, .
. 10.1 ,
SQL Server 2000. Sprovider nvarchar (128), NULL.
285
10.
.
HKEY_CURRENT
USER\Software\ Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\80\DTS\ Enumeration\OLEDBProviders.
10.1. , SQL Server 2000

Sprovider
Microsoft OLE DB Provider

for SQL Server
SQLOLEDB
SQL Server

for DTS Packages
DTSPackageDSO
,
DTS
SQL Server Replication OLE

DB Provider for DTS
SQLReplication.OLEDB
MSDataShape
MSDataShape
OLE DB Provider for Microsoft ADsDSOObject

Directory Services

,
Active Directory Windows 2000

for OLAP Services 8.0
MSOLAP

OLAP, SQL Server 2000

for Internet Publishing
MSDAIPP.DSO

for Microsoft Search
Microsoft Search
Collator data source
Microsoft Search

for ODBC Drivers
MSDASQL

ODBC
Microsoft Jet 4.0 OLE DB

Provider
Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0

,

(mdb, dbf )
Microsoft OLE DB Simple

Provider
MSDAOSP

SQL Server

for Oracle
MSDAORA

Oracle

for Indexing Service
MSIDXS
OLE DB, , 3.
286
///.
[gdatasrc =] 'data_source'
. SQL Server 2000 NetBIOS , SQL Server 2000. ,
_\_.
' M i c r o s o f t . J e t . O L E D B . 4 . 0 ' .
[glocation =] 'location'
. e i o c a t i o n
, . .
. nvarchar (4 000), NULL.
[Sprovstr =] 'provider_string'
, , .
,
. ,
, .
,
, , . , .
. ,
Sprovstr . ,
Enterprise Manager sp_addiinkedserver.
, , dprovstr .
[@catalog =] 'catalog'
, .
. ,
SQL Server 2000 Scataiog . sysname, NULL.
, . , s p a d d i i n k e d s e r v e r . SQL Server 2000:
sp_addlinkedserver 'STORAGE\TRELON',
'SQLServer 1
10.
287
. ,
. .
, SQL Server 2000.

, gserver , SQL Server 2000
. gsrvproduct 'SQL server 1 ,
.
,
SQL Server 2000. , 1
Ssrvproduct, 'SQL s e r v e r . gserver. gsrvproduct
SQL Server 2000 ,
1
o r a c l e ' , , , SQL Server 2000. sysservers.
,
, . Oracle:
sp_addlinkedserver gserver = 'Baxus1,
Ssrvproduct = 'Oracle1,
Sprovider = 'MSDAORA',
@datasrc = 'ServerName'
Baxus, Oracle ServerName.

, Oracle,
Baxus .
,
MS Access Jet:
sp_addlinkedserver 'Access_Pubs',
'OLE DB P r o v i d e r for J e t ' ,
'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
'C:\MSOffice\Access\Samples\Pubs.mdb'
(gdatasrc) , .
SQL
Server 2000,
268
III.
ODBC.
( Sprovstr):
sp_addlinkedserver Sserver = 'JavaLand',
^provider = 'MSDASQL',
Oprovstr = 'DRIVER={SQL Server};SERVER=JL;UID=sa;PWD=;'
JavaLand, ODBC. Sprovstr

ODBC. , ODBC, (SQL server), ,
( J L ) . , SQL Server, .
, sa,
.
. , . .

,
.
. . :
sysservers;
sp linkedservers.

:
SELECT * FROM s y s s e r v e r s
sysservers.
30 , . sp_iinkedservers, . - SELECT,
7 sysservers.
s p h e i p t e x t ,
Transact-SQL, . s p i i n k e d s e r v e r s
Master :
EXEC sp_helptext 'sp_linkedservers'
:
Text
create proc sp_linkedservers as
10.
289
select
SRV_NAME = srvname,
SRV^PROVIDERNAME = providername,
SRV_PRODUCT = srvproduct,
SRV_DATASOURCE = datasource,
SRV_PROVIDERSTRING = providerstring,
SRV_LOCATION = location,
SRV_CAT = catalog
from master.dbo.sysservers
order by 1
, sp_imkedservers,
,
sp_addlinkedserver.

, . SQL Server 2000
. SQL Server 2000 ,
, ( ) . sp_addlinkedsrviogin
sysxlogins Master. ,
.
sysxlogins, , , .
sysxlogins , SQL Server 2000. , SQL Server, .

, SQL Server 2000, syslogins, sysxlogins, s r v i d NULL.
sysxlogins
( ) .
(self mapping).
,
Windows NT, Windows NT.
,
. SQL Server , . -
290
III.
, ( , )
.
(Login failed).
sp_addiinkedsrviogin :
sp_addlinkedsrvlogin [Ormtsrvname -] 'rmtsrvname'
[, [Suseself =] ' u s e s e l f ]
[, [@locallogin =] 'locallogin']
[, [Srmtuser =] 'rmtuser']
[, [Ormtpassword =] 'rmtpassword']
sysadmin Securityadmin.
:
[@rmtsrvname =]
'rmtsrvname'
, . sysservers.
sysname, .
[Ouseself =]
'useself
varchar(8)
TRUE FALSE. TRUE.
TRUE, TO
Windows NT , .
.
. , ,
Windows NT . Srmtuser Ormtpassword, . .
.
FALSE ,
SQL Server. , . , , ,
Srmtuser @rmtpassword.
[Slocallogin =] 'locallogin'
, . name -
10.
291
sysiogins. NULL
SQL Server, Windows NT. Windows NT
SQL Server, Windows NT. SQL Server
. sysname,
NULL.
d
[Srmtuser =]
'rmtuser'
,
. ,
, ,
,
.
, guseseif FALSE.
sysname NULL .
[grmtpassword =]
'rmtpassword'
, . sysname NULL . NULL , . NULL

.
spaddiinkedsrviogin. .
STORAGE\Treicn
Windows NT storage\Administrator:
EXEC sp_addlinkedsrvlogin 'STORAGE\Trelon',
'false1,
1
STORAGE\Administrator',
sa1,
1
[;k.by@[]wb,f&gfhec'
Windows NT sa. Windows NT

Windows NT:
EXEC sp_addlinkedsrvlogin 'STORAGENTrelon',
'true',
1
STORAGE\Administrator'
@locallogin sysxlogins, , . ,
.
292
III.
sa :
EXEC sp_addlinkedsrvlogin 'STORAGE\Trelon',
'false',
'sa',
'sa',
NULL
NULL. ,
.
NULL .

,
. ,
. . SELECT, sp_helplmkedsrvlogin.
,
SELECT,
, . , spjielplinkedsrvlogin.
-
. npi. sp_helplinkedsrviogin, :
sp_helplinkedsrvlogin [[drmtsrvname =] 'rmtsrvname']
[, [Olocallogin =] 'locallogin 1 ]

.
, , @rmtsrvname .
, , e i o c a l l o g i n . @rmtsrvname,
e i o c a i i o g i n .
10.
293
s p h e i p i i n k e d s r v i o g i n ,
. :
Linked Server , ;
Local Login , ;
is self Mapping 1,
Windows NT Windows NT. SQL Server
0;
Remote Login , , Local Login.
Windows NT ( is
self Mapping 1), NULL.
:
EXEC sp_helplinkedsrvlogin
:
Linked Server
Local Login
JM
NULL
DM
NULL
STORAGE
NULL
STORAGE\TRELON
sa
STORAGE\TRELON
STORAGE\Administrator
TRELON
NULL
(6 row(s) affected)
Is Self Mapping Remote Login

0
1
1
0
1
1
NULL
NULL
NULL
sa
NULL
NULL
,
STORAGE\Trelon:
EXEC sp__helplinkedsrvlogin 'STORAGE\Trelon'
:
Linked server
Local Login
STORAGEXTRELON
sa
STORAGEXTRELON
STORAGE\Administrator
(2 row(s) affected)
Is Self Mapping Remote Login

0
1
sa
NULL

.
. sp_droplinkedsrviogin, sysxlogins DELETE.
294
III.
sysxiogins.

, .

sysservers. srvname , .
srvid. ,
:
SELECT srvid, srvname FROM sysservers
, :
srvid
srvname
(5 row(s) affected)
,
, sysxiogins
. ,
, :
SELECT syslogins.name FROM syslogins, sysxiogins
WHERE srvid = 3 AND syslogins.sid = sysxiogins.sid
. (SID, Security Identificator).
DELETE, SID . DELETE
:
DELETE FROM sysxiogins WHERE s r v i d = 3 AND
SID = Ox010500000000000515000000833D2B4 654190E291525AF47F4010000
. . Server Settings
EXEC sp_configure ' a l l o w updates 1 , l. . " Server Settings" 8.
,
sysxiogins . .
10.
295
sp_droplinkedsrvlogin.
,
. :
sp_droplinkedsrvlogin [Srmtsrvname =] 'rmtsrvname',
[Slocallogin =] 'locallogin'
, , . [Srmtsrvname =] 'rmtsrvname'
, . , ,
[Siocallogin =] ' l o c a l l o g i n ' . sysadmin securityadmin.

Windows NT storage\Administrator,
STORAGE\Trelon:
EXEC sp_droplinkedsrvlogin 'STORAGE\trelon', 'STORAGE\Administrator'
.

, ,
, .
( ), , , .
s r v s t a t u s
sysservers. .
. ,
s r v s t a t u s .
. .
sp_serveroption, :
sp_serveroption [@server =] 'server 1 ,
[@optname =] 'option_name',
[Goptvalue =] 'option_value'

sysadmin Setupadmin.
III.
296
.
G [gserver =]
'server'
, . ,
. . srvname sysservers , Sserver. sysname,
.
[@optname =]
'option_name'
, . . 10.2 ,
. varchar(35),
.
10.2.
297
10.
10.2 ()
[goptvalue =]
'option_value'
, , @optname.
TRUE ON , FALSE OFF
. , ,
, c o l l a t i o n name
SQL Server.

. STORAGEXTrelon:
EXEC sp_serveroption 'STORAGEXTrelon', 'data access', 'TRUE'
298
III.
, , :
EXEC sp_serveroption 'STORAGE\Trelon', 'collation compatible', 'ON'

,
. , .

s p d r o p s e r v e r , :
sp_dropserver [gserver =] 'server'
[, [gdroplogins =] { 'droplogins' I NULL}]
@server ,
.
.

( ),

s p d r o p s e r v e r . gdroplogins,
d r o p l o g i n s ' .
, STORAGE\Treion
:
EXEC sp_dropserver 'STORAGE\Trelon',
'droplogins'
Enterprise Manager

Transact-SQL
, , SQL Server 2000
. , , ,
.
(SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE INSERT)
,

. . , ,
.
10,
299

, -
. , . SQL Server 2000 Enterprise Manager,
.
Enterprise Manager - . , , Enterprise Manager ,

.
Enterprise Manager Linked Servers (. 10.12), Security,
.
. 10.12. Linked Servers

Linked Servers . ,
300
III.
, SQL Server 2000.

, , sysservers .
Enterprise Manager , ,
. Enterprise Manager.
Enterprise
Manager .

Enterprise Manager Linked Server Properties - New Linked Server (. 10.13).
Linked Servers
Action New Linked Server.
,
, ,
. General
(. . 10.13),
,
. ,
,

sp addlinkedserver.
, .
Linked server. , . SQL Server 2000.
,
.
gserver,

sp_addlinkedserver.
SQL Server. Server type

, SQL Server 2000.
, Linked server, SQL Server 2000.
NetBIOS , SQL
Server 2000.
10.
301
_\_.
'SQL s e r v e r ' @srvproduct

sp_addiinkedserver. .
Other data source. Server type
, ,
SQL Server. SQL Server 2000. , , SQL Server 2000. Other
data source ,
.
Provider name. OLE DB, .
, , , . , SQL Server 2000, . .
. 10.1.
Product name. ,
. , mdb MS Access.
Ssrvproduct sp_addlinkedserver.
,
. ,
'SQL server' Server type SQL Server. ,
Server type .
Data source. .
Sdatasrc sp_addlinkedserver,
. " ". " Transact-SQL" . , ,
Odatasrc ,
Data source, OLE DB. ,
Microsoft OLE DB Provider for SQL Server,
SQL Server.
Microsoft Jet 4.0 OLE DB Provider,
.
^)
,
, -
III.
302
, . , .
Provider string. , , . .
. " "
. " Transact-SQL".
Location.
. ,
Data source .
Catalog. ,
. . , SQL Server
.
. 10.13. Linked Server

Properties - New Linked Server
. , spaddiinkedserver ,
General.
303
10.

General Linked Server Properties - New Linked
Server (. . 10.13) Provider Options.
Provider Options (. 10.14), . ,
Provider name.
, Provider Options .
. 10.14. Provider
Options

, Provider Options,
,
. .
Provider Options .
Linked servers using for this provider,
, .
1 1 1207
304
III.
, , , . .
Linked servers using for this provider.
Provider options,
, (Enable)
( ) ( ).
(Name). .
:
Dynamic parameters. , ? . Dynamic parameters SQL Server 2000
,
. IcommandWithParameters.
Nested queries. , . FROM
, SELECT.
Level zero only. , OLE DB .
Allow InProcess. SQL Server 2000.
(UPDATE, INSERT) (text, ntext image).
, .
, SQL Server 2000 .
Non transacted updates.
, .
.
Index as access path. SQL Server 2000 .
Disallow adhoc accesses. OPENROWSET ()
OPENDATASOURCE (). .
.

Enterprise Manager
Security (. 10.15) Linked Server Properties.
, .
, Properties.
10.
305
. 10.15. Security

, . Local Login , .
, , Remote User. Remote Password
.
Impersonate , ,
.
.
For a login not defined in the
list above, connections will, ,
, :
Not be made , , .
Be made without using a security context
. ,
, , .
306
III.
Be made using the login's current security context , .

Be made using the security context , , .
:
Remote login,
, ;
With password ,
Remote login.
. , ,

,
, .

Transact-SQL spserveroption.
. 10.16. Server
Options

10.
307
Enterprise Manager Server

Options (. 10.16) Linked Server Properties.
Server Options ,
.
:
Option Name, .
Value, .
.
. " " . " Transact-SQL"
.

. ,
, . . SQL Server 7.0 , ,
(remote servers).

, , .
. ,
, .
, . , SQL Server 2000
SQL Server.
, . ,

,
.
,
, MS Access, dbf- . .
SQL Server 2000 SQL Server. SQL Server 7.0, .
308
III,
SQL Server 2000 , .

,
. , , .

.
,
sysservers Master. ,
,
, .
, . , servA serve, ServA ServB , , , servB
ServA . , servn
servA.
,

.
. ,
(self mapping).
.
.
Transact-SQL
, , .
Transact-SQL.

Transact-SQL
spaddserver, :
sp_addserver [Sserver =] 'server'
[, [Slocal =] 'local']
[, [@duplicate_ok =] 'duplicate_OK']
10.
309
sp_addserver sysadmin Setupadmin.
sp_addserver
SQL Server. ,
, . sp_addlinkectserver,
.
.
[gserver =] 'server'
.
NetBIOS , SQL Server 2000. ,
\_. .
[@11 =]
'local'
SQL Server 2000,

, , , , , . @@SERVERNAME.
SQL Server 2000 . ,

SQL Server 2000 .
[@duplicate_ok =] 'duplicate_OK']
sp_addserver. ,

, sysservers. sysservers. .
@dupiicate_ok
'duplicatejDK 1 ,
1 :
Server: Msg 15028, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
The server '@server' already exists.
310
III.
, ,
, sysservers.
( srvid). 0.
s p a d d s e r v e r giocal, 'LOCAL 1 , s y s s e r v e r s 0. ,
.
. 0 , @server SQL
Server 2000. , , .
SQL Server 2000 sysservers :
USE master
UPDATE s y s s e r v e r s SET srvname = 'NewServerName' WHERE s r v i d = 0
SQL Server 2000 . ,

. ,
.
SQL Server 2000 ,
. ,
. , SQL Server 2000 STORAGE\Trelon, :
SELECT * FROM [STORAGE\Trelon].pubs..authors
STORAGE\Train :
UPDATE m a s t e r . . s y s s e r v e r s SET srvname = ' S t o r a g e \ T r a i n ' WHERE s r v i d = 0

:
SELECT * FROM [STORAGE\Train].pubs..authors
, . , . ,
SQL Server 2000, -
, .
.
, . ,
. sysservers,
10.
311
, , .
, . , . SQL Server 2000 ,
sysservers
. ,
, , .
sp_addserver, . JL:
EXEC sp_addserver '.JL
NULL,
'duplicate_ok'

,
. ,
SQL Server 2000.
SQL Server 2000 , .
. OLE DB ,
, . OLE DB , .
, .
. , , .
, .
,
. . . -
312
III.
, , , . SQL Server 2000 , .

, , sysxlogins Master.
,

sp_addiinkedsrviogin,
. " " .
, , ,
. , .
SQL Server 2000 , Windows NT , . . s p _ a d a l i n k e d s r v l o g i n guseself, TRUE. ,

.

, . . ,
. , .
(
, . , ,
, ,
. , , ,
, ,
. . .
, ,
:
General network e r r o r . Check your network documentation.
10.
313

Could not relay results of procedure 'ProcName' from remote server 'ServerName' .

:
sp_addremotelogin [Sremoteserver =] 'remoteserver'
[, i@loginame =] 'login']
[, [Sremotename =J 'remote_name']
.
[Sremoteserver =] 'remoteserver'
, . sysservers. ,
.
[@loginame
=]
'login']
, .
,
sysxiogins . sioginame, Sremotename,

.
[Sremotename =]
'remote_name']
, .
,
Casper sa .
EXEC sp__addremotelogin 'STORAGE',
'Casper',
sa'
, ,
.

. , . ,
314
III.
sysxiogins .
@rmtuser .
,
, .
,
.
s p a d d r e m o t e i o g i n

Sremotename .
, .

, @rmtuser
Sremotename, ,
Srmtpassword sp_addlinkedsrvlogin,
( sioginame sp addremotelogin)
.
,
, . .
,
Windows NT. sp_addiinkedsrvlogin @useseif FALSE,
, . . ,
.
^)
. , . ,
. - . , s p s q i e x e c ,
.

. :
10.
315
sp_addlinkedsrvlogin ' STORAGEXTrelon',

'false',
'STORAGE\Administrator',
'RandomName',
, sa
.
:
sp_addremotelogin
' sa',
1
RandomName'
'STORAGE',

, ,
,
sp_helplinkedsrvlogin, . " " . " " ,

.
sp_heiprenrotelogin,
,
. :
sp_helpremotelogin [[Sremoteserver =]
[, [gremotename =] 'remote_name']
'remoteserver']

.
,
@remoteserver .

, ,
Sremotename.
sp_heipremoteiogin ,
. :
server , ;
locai_user_name ,
;
III.
316
remote_user_name , , ;
options , .
,
.
EXEC sp_helpremot.elogin
:
server
! user name
remote user name
STORAGE
STORAGE
STORAGE
JL
DM
sa
Administrator
RandomName
STOPAGE\Administrator
RandomName
RandomName
sa
sa
Casper
Casper
options
@remoteserve, 'STORAGE' , :
server
local user name
remote user name
STORAGE
STORAGE
STORAGE
sa
sa
Admi n i s t r at
RandomName
STORAGE\Admin i s trat
options
@remotename:
EXEC sp_helpremotelogin NULL , 'RandomName1
:
server
local_user_name
remote_user_name
STORAGE
JL
DM
sa
Casper
Casoer
RandomName
RandomName
RandomName
options
sp_neipremoteiogin sysremotelogins,
sysxiogins. sysremotelogins
sysxiogins.
. ,
, sp_helpremotelogin.
sysremotelogins :
remoteserverid , .
, srvid sysservers;
10.
317
remoteusername ,
;
s t a t u s .
small i n t . ,
, . ;
sid (SID) , ,
remoteusername. SID
SUSER_SID ( ' LoginName ' ) ;
changedate .
, . ,
.

, ,
.
- sp_remoteoption, :
sp_remoteoption [[Sremoteserver =]
[, [@loginame =] 'loginame']
[, [@remotename =] 'remotename']
[, t@optname =] 'optname']
[, [goptvalue =1 'optvalue'i
'remoteserver'1
~~)
.
U [@remoteserver =] 'remoteserver1
, . ,
. ,
. . srvname sysservers.
[Ologiname =]
'loginame 1
, , .
.
eioginame
.
318
III.
[gremotename =]
'remotename'
, .
spaddremotelogin,
.
[goptname =]
'optname'
, . , , . ' t r u s t e d ' .
.
' t r u s t e d ' (@optvaiue='TRUE'), . , , , ,
, .
(goptvalue='FALSE')
.
,
.
CJ [goptvalue =] 'optvalue'
TRUE, , FALSE, .
, STORAGE RandomName,
sa, :
sp_remoteoption 'STORAGE',
'sa',
'RandomName',
goptname = 'trusted',
goptvalue = 'TRUE'

, , sp_droplinkedsrviogin. . " " . " " .
spdropremoteiogin, :
sp_dropremotelogin [@remoteserver =]
[, [gloginame =] ' l o g i n ' ]
[, [gremotename =] 'remote name']
'remoteserver'
10,
319
, , . @remoteserver,
, . aioginame
,
. , @remotename , .

Windows NT Casper, STORAGE:
EXEC sp_dropremotelogin gremoteserver = 'STORAGE',
Sremotename = 'Casper'
.

, . , , . , ,
, .
,
, . , sp dropserver.
.
.
, SQL Server 2000 . ,
.
Enterprise Manager
,
, -
320
III.
. ,
. , .
Linked Server Properties - New Linked Server. Enterprise Manager .

Remote Servers (. 10.17),
Security .
Remote Server Properties (. 10.18),
New Remote Server
Remote Servers Action.
. 10.17. Remote Servers

Name SQL Server 2000,
. NetBIOS , SQL Server 2000. . ,
321
10.
. , Name. ,
.
. 10.18. Remote
Seiver Properties
,
SQL Server.
.
RPC,

(RPC, Remote Procedure Call).
Remote login mapping , ,
.
Map all remote logins to
(. . ,
, ). , , . <Same Name>. , ,
,
322
III.
. , , , .
.
.
.

, .
Map remote logins to different local
logins
, Name. Remote Login Name , -
. .
Local Login Name , .
,
.
Check Password , .
, , .
.
11

.
, ,
.
.
.
.
,
. , , , DB2,
Paradox, MS Excel, dBase . .

,
.
. ,
. ,
.
. SQL Server 2000
,
. , ,
,
. SQL Server,
, , .
SQL Server 2000 , . SQL Server 6.x , . ,
, .
SQL
Server 2000, . SQL Server 2000
Microsoft , SQL Server 2000.
324
III.
,
SQL Server 2000
.

SQL Server 2000
.
, .
.
SQL Server 2000 , .
SQL Server 2000 .
. ,
MS Excel, xls-.
(
, " ". ,
.
, .
. , , ,
. , SQL Server 2000
, . , , .
/ . SQL Server 2000 .
, SQL Server 6.x SQL Server 2000
. SQL Server 2000.
,
. , SQL
11.
325
Server 2000, , . SQL Server 2000.

.
5.

SQL Server 2000
. . , SQL Server 2000 , .
:
Data Transformation Services (DTS). SQL
Server 2000
DTS. . "
Data Transformation Services" .
Bulk Copy API.
,
. " " .
.
14.
SQL Server.
, -
SQL Server 2000. SQL Server 6.x
SQL Server 7.0.
Distributed Query. , .
(remote query).
SELECT INTO. , .
. SELECT INTO , .
INSERT. . ,
, . . .
, ,
326
III.
. . . 11.1
.
11.1.

DTS
BULK
INSERT
ODBC
OLE DB
*
*
*
*
ODBC
OLE DB
*
*
*
*
*
Transact SQL
SELECT
INTO/
INSERT
*
*
DTS .
bcp.exe, BULK INSERT SELECT INTO/INSERT
SQLServerAgent. , DTS SQLServerAgent.

.
OLE DB.
ODBC-.
OLE DB .
OLE DB Microsoft , DB-Library, -
11.
327
API . Microsoft
ODBC, , OLE DB,
:
ISAM/VSAM ;
;
, ;
- .
Universal Access , Universal Server,
,
. , . . ,
. ,
. Universal Access , .
.
,
. SQL Server OLE DB ,
. OLE DB ""
.
SQL Server 2000 OLE DB 2.0, API . OLE DB
,
. OLE DB
, . . .
SQL Server 2000 OLE DB,
.
OLE DB
.
SQL Server 2000 OLE DB. SQL Server 2000 ODBC. ODBC , , MS Excel MS Access.
ODBC SQL Server 2000
OLE DB OLE DB Provider for ODBC. OLE DB ODBC,
.
328
III.

SQL Server 2000 .
Oracle, MS Access,
dBase . , "" , . , -
, , -
, . . ,
.
.
, .
, . , SQL Server 2000, . , ,
, , .
SQL Server 2000 ,
Unicode.

, .
SQL Server 2000
:
D bcp.exe (Bulk Copy Program);
Transact-SQL BULK
INSERT;
DTS.
.
Data Transformation Service

.
, .

. ,
.
,
. , ,
-
11.
329
. , .
, ANSI SQL-92,
. , . , ,
, .
Microsoft , Data Transformation Services
, DTS Transformation Engine.
, DTS. ,
"" ,
. , Oracle DTS- ANSI SQL,
Oracle. DTS Transformation Engine . , .
DTS ,
, Microsoft Excel. ,
OLE DB provider for ODBC , ODBC-, Sybase Informix. DTS
, OLE DB,
. Microsoft
,
.
Data Transformation Services
.
DTS , . DTS .
,
, ,
. Data Transformation Services . SQL Server 2000
, .
. DTS JavaScript.
VBScript PerlScript.
DTS , . SQL Server 2000,
. -
330
III.
,

- . DTS "" .
.
DTS
, . ,
SQL Server 2000,
: , , , . . ,
, .
DTS
, ,
, ,
, .

(package). DTS :
Connections objects. OLE DB,

. SQL Server 2000
. Connections objects :
File connections. .

, (ANSI
Unicode). ,
.
Data Source Connections.

, DTS . ,
. . SQL Server 2000,
Paradox, dBase, MS Access 2000, Oracle,
MS Excel, HTML, ODBC, . ., , OLE DB.
Microsoft Data link Connections.

, DTS,
OLE DB,
Microsoft Data Link Connections.
udl. , , .
Task Objects. DTS ,
. (tasks). , -
11.
331
. Task Objects :
. Data
Driven Query Task, Transform Data Task ParallelDataPump Task Objects.
. Microsoft ActiveX.
.
SQL Server Objects Task, Execute SQL Task Bulk Insert Task.
. , , , ,

, .
DTS.
ActiveX Script Task, Dynamic Properties Task, Execute Package Task, File
Transfer Protocol Task, Execute Process Task Send Mail Task.
, ,
.
, . , .
.
Step Objects. ,
. (precedence constraints),
. ,
,
. ,
.
, TaskA TaskB,
, TaskA
,
TaskB.
(Unconditional) . TaskB
, TaskA. ,
, .
(On Success) TaskB ,

TaskA .
, , TaskA
, TaskB . ,
, , . .
.
332
III.
(On Failure) , TaskB

TaskA. , ,
.
DTS DTS Import
and Export Wizard DTS Designer. DTS Wizard, SQL , . DTS Query
Builder .
, , , . , , .
.
, DTS,
DTS Designer .
, ActiveX. ,
. Task-objects . DTS Designer ,
. .
, DTS , -.

.
SQL Server. , DTS- , ,
.
SQL Server
Msdb, Microsoft Repository - .
DTS Microsoft Repository
. MS Repository
, .
, .
, . , Open Information Model,
Microsoft Repository.
11.
333
SQL Server . DTS

SQLServerAgent, Enterprise Manager dtsrun.exe. Data Transformation
Services ,

. ,
, , .
, . , ,
Task-objects. DTS
ActiveX ( VBScript, JavaScript PerlScript),
, SQL ,
,
. , . , . DTS -, .

Data Driven Query Task. .
, ,
.
ActiveX . Data Driven Query Task , . -
,
.
,
.
, . , , .
Data Driven Query Task Data Transformation Lookups,
. ID ,
, Data Transformation Lookups ActiveX
ID -.
- .
334
III.

, DTS Connection-objects.
OLE DB,
, , . OLE DB
. DTS Designer MS Access,
FoxPro, MS Excel, SQL Server, Oracle, Paradox, dBase .
, Microsoft Data Link Other Connections, .
.

, DTS- Step-objects.
,
,
DTS- .
, TaskB
, TaskA .
, TaskB
TaskA. ,
. , .
. ,
.
,
. , Oracle Paradox.
DTS Data Pump,
OLE DB Service Provider, , . DTS Data Pump -, ,
OLE DB. DTS Data Pump OLE DB . . Data Pump ActiveX, , .
ActiveX OLE . , DTS . Data Pump, OLE DB . , .

. DTS Data Pump ,
.
11.
335
SQL Server 2000 ActiveX Data Objects 2.0 (ADO),

OLE Automation OLE DB (Visual Basic, Visual J,
C++) (VBScript, JavaScript, PerlScript).
ADO.
DTS DTS Objects Transfer,
.

SQL Server 2000. . DTS- DTS
Objects Transfer
Transact-SQL -.
- SQL-DMO ODBC, OLE DB.
SQL-DMO.
, ,
, , , , ,
, ,
. , .
,
. DTS , . , , , .
DTS Wizard,
DTS Designer. DTS Wizard Transfer SQL Server
Objects, , .
. ,
.
, , DTS Wizard DTS Designer .
DTS.
DTS Export Import Wizard

, ,
, .
DTS .
, . DTS Import Wizard DTS Export
Wizard, . ,
12 . 1207
336
III.

. ,
. , , ( ).
, ,
. ,
DTS, ,
. , . MS Excel,
. ,
.

:
Run a Wizard Enterprise Manager.
Select Wizard (. 11.1), . DTS Data
Transformation Services.
. Select Wizard ,
Tools Wizards.
, Programs (),
Microsoft SQL Server Import and Export Data.
dtswiz Run ( ) (. 11.2), Run () .
DTS Import Export Wizard dtswiz.exe,

\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\80\Tools\BINN. , . .
PATH, , . Run ( )
dtswiz, .
, ( ),
(. 11.3), .
DTS Import/Export Wizard ,
.
11.
337
. 11.2. Run
. 11.1. Select Wizard
. 11.3. DTS Import/Export Wizard
, , DTS Import/Export
Wizard, ,
III.
338
. .
Enterprise Manager,
Enterprise Manager (task bar)
. ,
d t s w i z ,
.

. (. 11.4)
Next. Choose a Data Source,
.
. 11.4. Choose a Data Source DTS Import/Export Wizard
Source, OLE DB
. , ,
, .
.
. 11.4 Microsoft
OLE DB Provider for SQL Server.
11.
339
DTS Designei.
,
SQL
Server 2000:
dBase - V, III IV;
(txt);
MS Excel (csv);
MS Access ( mdb);
dBase ( dbf);
MS Excel ( xls) 35, 972000;
Paradox ( db) 3.x, 4.x 5.x;
Visual FoxPro;
Oracle;
SQL Server;
;
OLAP Services 8.0;
ODBC.
SQL Server (. . Microsoft OLE
DB Provider for SQL Server),
:
Server.
SQL Server, .
, . , .
SQL Server 2000 Windows 98 Server , . .

.
Use Windows NT authentication. , SQL Server
Server, , . DTS , , ,
Windows NT, Windows NT SQL
Server .
Use SQL Server authentication. SQL Server. :
III.
340
Username , Server .
;
Password ,
.
Database. , . Server,
,
Database , . ( ),
.
<default>.
,
, .
Database . .
Refresh, .
Advanced.
Advanced Connection Properties (. 11.5),
.
,
.
.
. 11.5. Advanced Connection Properties
11.
341
,
Source OLE DB.
SQL Server.

, , (. 11.6). Choose a destination, .
, .
. 11.6. Choose a destination DTS Import/Export Wizard

,
. ,
, . SQL Server 2000 (. . Microsoft OLE DB Provider
for SQL Server) , Database
<new>, SQL
Server , .
Database <new> Create
Database (. 11.7),
.
III.
342
, , ,
, .
.
. 11.7. Create Database

Name ,
.
. , Name,
, .
, Default data directory (
mdf ndf) Default log directory ( ldf)
Database Settings . Database Settings . " Database Settings" 8.
Create Database () . ( Data file
size), ( Log file size). Model ,
10% .
,
.
.

, ,
.
(. 11.8) ,
.
Specify Table Copy or Query, "
".
11.
343
. 11.8. Specify Table Copy or Query DTS Import/Export Wizard
,
:
Copy table(s) and view(s) from the source database. ,
.
, .
,
ActiveX. ,
, .
.
Use a query to specify the data to transfer.
. ,
Query Builder. , .
.
,
.
Copy objects and data between SQL Server databases.
,
. ,
.
, , SQL Server. . 11.8.
344
III.
, . SQL Server,
.
, , ,
.
, .

Copy table(s)
and view(s) from the source database,
. Next,
, , . 11.9.
. 11.9. Select Source Tables and Views

DTS Import/Export Wizard
Select Source Tables and Views,

".
, , . Source
11.
345
, ,
.
, .
,
.
Destination ,

, . Destination , .
,
, . , ,
.
Column Mappings,
Transformations, and Constraints (. 11.10), Transform ^ 1 .
. .
. 11.10. Column Mappings, Transformations, and Constraints

Column Mappings, Transformations, and Constraints , . ,
346
III.
. , . Source
( ), Destination , .
.

Column Mappings, Transformations, and Constraints.
Column Mappings
Column Mappings (. . 11.10)
.
. , :
Create destination table.
,
. ,
. . ,
, .
,
. , Drop and recreate destination table, .
, ,
, . , .
Delete rows in destination table. - (, , , . .),
,
, - .
, , . ,
, . . DTS
. , ,
, -
11.
347
, .
Append rows to destination table. , , ,
.
, . .
. ,
DTS ,
. ,
.
. , , . .
, , . ,
. , .
, , , ,
.
Enable
identity insert,
-. - , IDENTITY.
,
. . - .
, -, . , .
() , -
IDENTITY, () , .

. , , , . ,

. .
348
III.
,
, . , , . -
-. , ,
, , .

, .
, . ,
. .
Enable
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,
IDENTITY.
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. . -
,
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Column Mappings Mappings, .

. "-", . .
. :
D Source. , .
, .
, <ignore>. ,
(
Destination) NULL, ( ) .
. ,
NULL, TO
Source <ignore>
.
11.
349
Source column, . , NULL.

.
Destination. , .
Source, Destination (
,
Source), .
.
Source, Destination
<ignore>. ,
, , .
. ,
. ,
, . ,
. . , . ,
,
. , s m a i l i n t i n t smalimoney money.
Nullable ,
NULL
.
Size. . ,
(char, varchar, nchar nvarchar), Size
, . , .
( t i n y i n t , smailint, i n t b i g i n t ) ,
(smalldatetime datetime), (smalimoney money)
.
Precision. (numeric,
decimal, f l o a t r e a l )
, .
Precision (
350
III.
),
.
Scale. . , . Scale
Precision . ,
, Precision Scale.
, 26.
Mappings,
. ,
. , . ,
Mappings. , Create destination table Drop and
recreate destination table, , , Mappings.
Mappings Transact-SQL, .
Constraints.
Mappings
. Source .
. , , .
Transformations

Transformations (. 11.11).
,
:
Copy the source columns directly to the destination columns.
11.
351
- . , .
Transform information as it is copied to the destination. , .
.
. 1 1 . 1 1 . Column Mappings, Transformations,

and Constraints, Transformations
.
.
,
.

ActiveX VBScript (Visual Basic scripting language) JavaScript (Java scripting
language). ,
, Language
.
. .
VBScript JavaScript SQL

Server 2000. PerlScript.
III.
352
,
, Mappings
Column Mappings.
, . ,
. Browse.

ActiveX, . . , .
Constraints
Constraints (. 11.12), , . , .
, Column Mappings Create destination table.
Drop and recreate destination table.
. 11.12. Column Mappings, Transformations,

and Constraints, Constraints
11.
353
:
Create Primary Key. , ,
. Create Table
Statement Alter Table Statement.
Create Foreign Keys. , , .

, ,
. :
At Create Time. , ( )
. .
, , .
After data transformation.
, . , , . ,
( At
Create Time). ,
. , . .
, FOREIGN KEY ( ). ,
,
.
. ,
.
ALTER TABLE, .
, :
Create Table Statement. CREATE TABLE, .
Create Primary Key Create Foreign Keys At Create Time , ,
. CREATE TABLE,
III.
354
, , Mappings Column Mappings.

. ,
. Create
Table Statement ,
Auto Generate, .
Alter Table Statement. ALTER
TABLE, .
,
(Create Primary Key Create Foreign Keys), a
After data
transformation ( ).
, ,
.
,
(, UNIQUE,
) .
CREATE
21.
TABLE ALTER
TABLE
. 1 1 . 1 3 . View Data
Constraints Column Mappings,

Transformations, and Constraints . ,
. (Save, schedule, and replicate package) DTS,
.
11.
355
, . Save, schedule, and replicate package . " " . Select

Source Tables and Views (. . 11.9) Preview, View Data (. 11.13). , .
,
.

.
, . , . , , .
Use a query to specify the data to transfer. ,
(. . 11.8).
, Next,
, , . 11.14.
. 11.14. Type SQL Statement DTS Import/Export Wizard

Query statement, ,
. -
356
III.
, .
(~
,
, . ,
.
, Query Builder
. Browse, .
Parse . ,
,
, . , , , .
Parse.
SELECT,
, 29.
, ,
Query
Builder, , .
Query Builder ,
DTS Import/Export Wizard. Query Builder, . Query Builder.

Query Builder (. . 15) Select Columns, " ". , , .
.
SELECT.
Source tables , . , . ,'

, -
11.
357
> .
Selected columns, . ,
. , . -
Selected columns , <. .
Selected columns ,
.
. 11.15. Query Builder
,
Selected columns, .

(. 11.I6) Specify Sort Order,
" ".
,
.
, , . Selected columns,
, .
,
Selected columns Sorting order.
III.
358
ORDER
SELECT, .
Sorting order , . Sorting order .
, , .
, , . . ,
Sorting order,
.
Sorting order Move Up Move Down, , ,
.
, Sorting order
, ,
.
, Sorting order .
, ,
.
11.
359

, (. 11.17) Specify Query
Criteria, " ".
, ,
. .
, ,
. All rows ,
, .
, ,
Only Rows meeting criteria.

, . .
Column , .
, Selected
column . ,
, (<, >, =, , <=, >=), . , Value/Column,
,
III.
360
Column. Value/Column
, ,
.
, , , Column.
Select a Value
(. 11.18), _i,
.
,
.
. Value/Column.
,
. , . 11.18. Select a Value
, . :
AND.
, ,
.
OR.
.
. . .
, Query statement .
,
, Column, ,
Value/Column. , Query statement ,
, .
Parse.
, . Next DTS Import/Export Wizard.
11.
361
Query statement . Parse.

, , , . ,
, ,
.

, , , , . (. 11.19),
Select Source Tables and Views.
. 11.19. Select Source Tables and Views

Select Source Tables and Views
, (. . 11.9). ,
Select Source Tables and Views,
. " " .
,

Select Source Tables and Views Query, , ,
.
362
III.
(Save, schedule, and replicate)

DTS,
. ,
. Save,
schedule, and replicate package . "
" .
,
, .

, . ( ) .
.

.
,
, -
SQL Server . Copy objects and data between
SQL Server databases.
(~
"^
, SQL Server. SQL Server, . SQL Server 7.0 SQL Server 2000
SQL Server 2000.
, ,
Specify Table Copy or Query (. . 11.8). . " " .
, Next, , ,
. 11.20.

Select Objects to Copy, " ". , , SQL
Server SQL Server-. ,
. , ,
, .
11.
363
. 11.20. Select Objects to Copy DTS Import/Export Wizard
Copy SQL Server

Objects Task. , ,
, DTS Designer
, Copy SQL Server
Objects Task, .
,
.

Create destination objects (tables, views,
stored procedures, constraints, etc.), , : ,
, , , ,
. . , .
, , . , , , Create destination objects
(tables, views, stored procedures, constraints, etc.) .
:
Drop destination objects first. ,
,
, DTS , ,
364
III.
.
, ,
. , ,
,
.
, (
) - .
Include all dependent objects. , ,
. , . , , . . .
. ,
( ) . Include all depends objects, ,
.
. , , . , , Select Objects (. ! 1.21),

. Select Objects , . . Copy all objects. ,
. , Select Objects .
Select Objects ,
Objects . :
Show all tables ;
Show all views ;
Show all stored procedures ;
Show all defaults ;
Show all rules ;
Show all user-defined data types .
, Show all tables Show all
stored procedures, . Objects , ,
. ,
, .
365
1-1.
. 11.21. Select
Objects
Objects.
. Object ,
.

.
. Object Name.
,
.
Select All,
Objects. Check Uncheck , , .
Select All .
<Ctrl> .
, , Select
Objects , .

, , . , .
Copy data (. . 11.20),
, Select Objects.
Copy data , . , .
Copy data , -
, .
366
///.
Copy data , , .
:
Replace existing data. ,

. ,
, .
Append data.
. .
.

, ,
. , Select Object to Copy
DTS Import/Export Wizard , ,
, , ,
.
. Transact-SQL, , .
-. ,
. ,
, ,
,
.
DTS Import/Export Wizard , . , Select Objects,
, ,
.
\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\80\Tools.
, Script file directory
Browse for Folder, , .

SQL Server.
sql, , . -
367
11.
,
( log), , . , . . .
,
.
Advanced Copy Options (. 11.22),
Options. ,
. . . Use default options. - ,
Advanced Copy Options.
. 11.22 . Use default options

.
. 11.22. Advanced
Copy Options
Security options ,

:
Copy databases users and databases roles. , .
, ,
. , 1 3 * 1307
III.
,
( ).
,
. , .

dbo.
, DTS
. , , . ,
. -
, . , DTS.
Copy SQL Server logins (Windows NT and SQL Server).
( SQL Server, Windows NT), -.
, (. . )
, . sp_grantdbaccess, 9.
,
. , .
SQL Server, , .
sp_addlogin, SQL Server, Spasswd NULL.
SQL Server,
.
s p a d d l o g i n 9.
Copy object-level permissions. -,
, .
.
()
11.
369
GRANT DENY, , , .
(
. REVOKE . , Copy object-level permissions ,

.

. , .
, ,
(GRANT), (DENY).
. , .
- Transact-SQL, , , . . Query Analyzer.
Advanced Copy Options Table
options,
, .
:
Copy indexes. , Select Objects.
Copy triggers. .
Copy full text indexes.
.
Copy PRIMARY and FOREIGN keys.
.
Generate Scripts in Unicode. Unicode, .
, .
Use quoted identifiers when copying
objects,
. ,
(, ).
, . . ,
.
13*
370
III.
,
SQL
Server, . Select Object to Copy, . Save, schedule, and replicate package
DTS, .

.

, Specify Table Copy or Query. . , ,
Save, schedule, and replicate package (. 11.23),
, .
. 11.23. Save, schedule, and replicate package

, .
When,
:
Run immediately.
. -
371
11.
, ,
.
Use replication to publish destination data.
, .
Create Publication Wizard, .
, . ,
. , Create Publication
Wizard, 14.
D Schedule DTS package for later execution. , Run immediately
, .
.
(, ) .

. ,
SQLServerAgent, .
, Schedule DTS
package for later execution.
(Occurs every I day(s), at 0:00:00). .
Edit Recurring Job Schedule (. 11.24),
I. . " ".
. 11.24. Edit
Recurring Job Schedule
372
III.
Save, schedule, and replicate package (. . 11.23) . ,

, . , Schedule DTS package for
later execution, Save DTS Package,
.
Schedule DTS package for later execution.
.
,
Save. :
SQL Server. sysdtspackages Msdb.
SQL Server Meta Data Services.
SQL Server, , , , , .
Structured Storage File. ;
Visual Basic File. Visual Basic.
. .

, Edit Recurring Job Schedule (. . 11.24) .
.
Occurs . , , , ,
. Occurs
:
Daily .
Daily , . , ,
. .
Weekly . Weekly , , .
, ,
, . .
11.
373
Monthly .
Monthly.
, .
, . . Daily frequency.
:
Occurs once at.
, .
(0:00:00). , .
Occurs every. ,
. ,
, , . . , Starting at , . ,
, Ending at. ,
. ,
.
, Duration
, .
.
:
Start date. ,
.
,
. ,
, Start date. , ,
2001 , Occurs Monthly, 25 . , 25
. Start date
.
End date. ,
. , .
.
No end date. .
374
III.
,
, Management\SQL Server Agent\Jobs
Enterprise Manager , , , , .
. , , . .

Save, schedule, and replicate package (. . 11.23)
Save DTS Package, ,
(. 11.25) Save DTS Package, "
DTS".
.
*i
. 11.25. Save DTS Package

,
:
Name. , .
, .
Description.
.
11.
375
Owner password. . , , .
,
.
User password. , , .
, .
Location. .
Server name. SQL
Server, .
Use Windows NT authentication. Server name Windows NT.
Use SQL Server authentication. SQL Server. (Username),
, (Password) .
Save DTS Package (. . 11.25), , SQL Server
SQL Server. Visual Basic Save DTS Package . , , ,
, .

. (. 11.26)
, .
Finish , ,
.
Finish, Save, schedule, and replicate package
Run immediately. Execution
Package (. 11.27). , .
Execution Package.
.
DTS Designer, DTS
.
III.
376
. 11.26. DTS Import/Export Wizard
. 11.27. Execution
Package
DTS Designer
DTS Import/Export Wizard. , SQL Server.
. , -
11.
377

SQLServerAgent.
.
DTS, . , . , . .
.
,
. DTS ,
. ,
: DTS Import/Export Wizard . DTS,
DTS Designer.
.
DTS Designer Enterprise Manager
Data Transformation Services
New Package. DTS Package: <New Package >
(. 11.28).
. 11.28. DTS Package: <New Package> Enterprise Manager
378
III.
. 11.28 , , . , , .
,
. Task
(task), SQL Server 2000.
Data (datasource),
DTS Designer.
, .

, , .
, .
,
. , ,
" ", " ".
, DTS Connection objects. DTS Designer
, . , Microsoft Data Link Other Connections.
DTS, DTS Designer, Data.
. , ,
, .

.
, DTS OLE DB,
. -
11.
379
, Data, OLE DB. , OLE DB , .
, , . , , .
Data :
Microsoft OLE DB Provider for SQL Server
Microsoft SQL Server;
Microsoft Access Access;
Microsoft Excel 97-2000
Microsoft Excel 972000;
dBase 5 dBase 5;
HTML File (Source)
() HTML;
! Paradox 5.x Paradox 5.x;
Text File (Source) ,
();
Text File (Destination) ,
();
Microsoft ODBC Driver for Oracle Oracle;
Microsoft Data Link , UDL,
, OLE DB
. , Microsoft Data Link;
Other Connections ,
ODBC.
, DTS Designer
, (, ).
, .
, DTS ,
, . , -
380
III.
DTS Designer, Task.

:
Web;
ActiveX Script Task
ActiveX;
Transform Data Task
, ;
Execute Process Task , ;
Execute SQL Task Transact-SQL;
Data Driven Query Task ;
, , ;
Send Mail Task . ()
( ) ;
Bulk Insert Task
. bcp.exe;
Execute Package Task DTS;
Message Queue Task DTS;
, ,
SQL Server 2000;
Transfer Database Task
SQL Server;
Transfer Master Stored Procedures Task ,
. SQL
Server 2000. ;
Transfer Jobs Task , , ;
11.
357
Transfer Logins Task SQL Server;

.
SQL Server 7.0, , , ,
SQL Server 2000 . SQL Server.
Task. , , . .

,
.
, .
, ,
.
.

File Transfer Protocol Task ,
. 11.29. FTP Site FTP Transformation.
, ,
.
(. 11.29) :
Description. , . .
Source. , . ,
, . :
Internet Site .
, . 11.28.
;
Directory .
. Source

Directory path,
.
382
III.
. 11.29.
FTP Site. , . , .
Username. ,
, .
anonymous, . . .
Password. , . anonymous .
Number of retries. ,
.
, .
Directory path. , , ( Source
Internet Site) ( Source Directory)
, .
FTP Site ,
FTP Transformation (. 11.30). , ( ). FTP Transformation
. (,
383
11.
), .
. 11.30.
Properties File Transfer
Protocol Task,
FTP Transformation
FTP Transformation . , .
Source, , ( ). .
. , FTP Site ( Directory Path), . , Directory Path
C:\Windows\System32,
, C:\Windows\System32
. C:\Windows ( . :\) Source .
FTP Transformation , Source .
Destination ,
. .
Source Destination ,
384
III.
.
Destination, , , .

. Refresh.
Destination Overwrite,
, , .
,
. , , Directory Path Destination FTP Site, , .
. Overwrite.
,
Destination, File Transfer Protocol Task
. , DTS
.
ActiveX Script Task

ActiveX Script Task ActiveX. VBScript JavaScript. :
, ;
, ;
, ;
ADO (ActiveX Data Objects), , , .
(~
, SQL Server 2000, , PerlScript.

ActiveX Script Task ,
. 11.31. , .
DTS.
11.
385
. 1 1 . 3 1 . ActiveX Script Task
Description, ,
, . , .
,
. , ,
.
ActiveX
. , .
VBScript JavaScript , , MSDN (Microsoft Developer Network).
, , ,
. , , Language.
VB Script Language JavaScript
Language. Language
. , .
, Language -
386
III.
, . .
, . . 11.31 , VBScript. Auto Gen.
Functions, , , Language.

.
.
Entry function ,
. , Entry function. Main. ,
, Main. , .
, Language, Functions Entry function Language. ,
Browser, , .
Browser . ] 1.32.
. 11.32. ActiveX Script Task
11.
387
, ,
, . Browse. ,
. Save.
Parse,
. , .
. Undo.
, . OK, Cancel Help ,
.
, , , . , ,
, . , . ,
.
Transform Data Task

. , . , ,
Data, .
, , , (. 11.33).
Task
Transform Data Task, , (source), ,
(destination). , , Transform Data Task Task.
,
, , <Ctrl>, . Transform Data Task . Task, Transform Data Task
, .
Transform Data Task ,
. 11.34. , .
III.
388
. 11.33. Transform Data Task
. 11.34.
Transform Data Task
11.
389

Source , . ,
Description, , . , .
Connection , Transform Data
Task. , .
, ,
.
Table/View

. ,
, .
Preview, View Data (. 11.35) , , . .
. ,
200 .
. 11.35. View Data

,
SQL query. , , . , Build Query, Browse
Parse Query. , -
, Parameters.
390
III.
:
, ;
, Browse;
Query Builder.
.
SELECT, , 29.
Query Builder.
Query Builder
Query Builder Build Query. Data Transformation Services Query Designer (. 11.36).
. 11.36. Data Transformation Services Query Designer

(pane),
:
Table/View Pane.
, , ,
Transform Data
11.
391
Task. Diagram Pane.

Diagram Pane. , , , ,
. ,
, ,
. ,
, .
( SELECT).
. Sort
Ascending, . Sort Descending
. ORDER BY . ,
.
, ,
, . JOIN. , Diagram Pane, Grid Pane SQL Pane.
Grid Pane. , Diagram Pane. Grid Pane
, , .
,
Diagram Pane.
Diagram Pane
, Grid Pane
Column.
, , Diagram Pane.
,
. , ,

, . Alias
, . , . Table , .
Column , Column
3Q2
III.
, Table.
Output , .
Diagram Pane. ,
SELECT . Sort Type
,
. Ascending Descending. , , . Sort Order. , ,
Criteria. ,
. , .
. , Or.
, , , OR. , , . , AND,
AND.
SQL Pane. ,
.
, SQL Pane. , ORDER BY,
WHERE. ,
. SQL Pane.
SELECT 29.
d Results Pane. , . , , ,
, . , Results Pane,
Transform Data Task.
Data Transformation Services Query Designer,
. -
11.
393
. Table/View Pane, Diagram Pane SQL Pane.

. ,
,
. .
Table/View Pane, Diagram Pane . .

.
, .
Properties (. 11.37),

( Table/View Pane), Properties.
. 11.37. Properties,
Query
Properties , , Query,
. 11.37. :
Query name. .
,
. ,
Transform Data Task, . ,
Query name.
Transform Data Task .
394
III.
Output all columns. SELECT *, , Diagram Pane.

DISTINCT values. ,
SELECT DISTINCT,
,
.
.
GROUP BY extension. , . GROUP BY
extension ,
:
WITH CUBE GROUP BY WITH CUBE, .
, , ;
WITH ROLLUP GROUP BY WITH ROLLUP,
;
ALL
, ,
WHERE . ,
, ,
, NULL.
, , 29
SELECT. ,
PERCENT WITH T I E S .
. ,
. ,
, ,
.
REPCENT ,
,
. ,
0 100;
WITH TIES
, ,
ORDER BY, .
WITH T I E S .
395
11.
SQL Comment. , , . ,
, , .
SQL Comment Source Transform Data Task
Properties (. . 11.34) .
Query Properties
. Parameters
(. 11.38) .

, , , DTS. , , , . ,
. . , .
.
. 11.38. Properties,
Parameters
Parameters , , .
, :
396
III.
Prefix characters. , . .
% @.
Suffix characters. , . , , .
Escape character. , , , . . . ,
, , .

(Escape-). ,
DTS . \.
Parameters.
% ( ,
). [ ]
{ }.
Transform Data Task , , . , ,

.
.
, , Data Transformation Services
Query Designer . ,
SQL Pane, Source Transform Data Task
Properties (. . 11.34). ,
, SQL Comment
Properties Query (. . 11.37).
Source , Parse Query.

, Transform Data Task
.
DTS,
.
? , . WHERE, . .
397
11.
. ,
Source :
SELECT *
FROM
authors
WHERE (state = ?)
, , . . Transform Data Task , , 1. ?,

. , .
Parameter Mapping (. 11.39),
Parameters Source. ,
, .
. 11.39. Parameter
Mapping
, , . , ( ), ,
Parameters, ,
, Input Global Variables, , , .
, Global Variables (. 11.40),
398
III.
Create Global Variables,

Parameter Mapping.
. 11.40. Global
Variables
Global Variables , . ,
. .
, ,
ActiveX Script Task Dynamic Properties Task.
Global Variables
Name , . , . ,
Transact-SQL. Value
,
. . ,
Value.
, Parameter
Mapping Input Global Variables
. , ,
.
11.
399
Source
.

Transform Data Task Destination
(. 11.41) , , .
. 1 1 . 4 1 . Transform
Data Task Properties,
Destination
Connection ,

. , Source, Destination .
Table name, ,
.
,
, , Table
name. , ,
NULL, ( ). ,
, Source, , . , ,
. ,
14 3KIJ07
III.
400
smaiidatetime, , datetime. ,
, , i n t
char ().
, , , Transform Data Task . ,
, .
, , , Table name.
, .
Create Table name. Create Destination Table (. 11.42) CREATE
TABLE, .
Create Destination Table

. ,
, Cancel.
.
. 11.42. Create
Destination Table
, , ,
,
Source. , , , ,

. ,
, .
, CREATE TABLE 22.
401
11.
Destination,
, , .
.

Transform Data Task,
. , Transformations
(. 11.43) ,
. ,

. , ActiveX,
.
. 11.43. Transform
Transformations
Name, , . SQL
Server 7.0 .
SQL Server 2000 Transform Data Task
. ,

, ,
, SQL Server 7.0.
14*
402
III.
Source, ,
,
Source. Destination ,
Destination .
- .

, . . , . .
(~
, Source Destination
. , Source Destination,
. . ,
.
, Source Destination Transformations.
DTSTransformationN, N .

.
. ,
,
. , .
,
. ,
, , ,
. .
Delete <Delete>.
, , , .
, , .
New. Source Destination , , .
New Create New Transformation (. 11.44),
. ,
DTS. Transfer Data Task
ActiveX Script Copy Column. Only show valid transformations
11.
403
. ,
.
Transformation
Options, . ,
. General
(. 11.45)
.
. 11.44. Create New Transformation
. 11.45. Transformation Options, General
Name , .
DTSTransformationN. ,
404
III.
, .
,
Create New Transformation. . ,
.
Sequence , . , ,
. Sequence
. , . ,

Sequence.
General . Source Columns (. 11.46) , .
. 11.46. Transformation Options, Source Columns
11.
40S
Source Columns :
Available columns. , ,
Source Transform Data Task Properties (. . 11.34).
Selected columns. ,
. , Source
Transformations (. . 11.43) New.

Selected columns. ,
, .
Transformation Options Destination Columns
(. 11.47) ,
.
. 11.47. Transformation Options, Destination Columns
406
III.
, Destination Columns
Source Columns. , Source Columns,
Destination Columns Available columns Selected columns.
,
Destination Transform Data
Task Properties (. . 11.41). Selected columns , .
Column, Selected columns
Source Columns Destination Columns Transformation Options
, . ActiveX Script
.
, , .
.

Properties
General Transformation Options
(. . 11.45). . 11.48 Column Order,
Copy Column.
Column Order
Columns,

. 11.48. Column Order

. Source
, Selected columns Source
Columns. Source ,
, Selected columns
Source Columns. . ,
.
, <ignore>.
, (
Destination) NULL, (
) .
. NULL, TO Source <ignore> .
11.
407
Destination ,
. Destination ,
, Selected columns
Destination Columns. Source,
Destination <ignore>. , Source, , .

. , Copy Column
. ActiveX Script. Properties
General Transformation Options (. . 11.45)
ActiveX Script Transformation Properties (. 11.49),
ActiveX,
.
. 11.49. ActiveX Script Transformation Properties
408
III.
, ActiveX Script Task

(. . 11.31), . ActiveX Script Transformation Properties, . .

ActiveX Script Task. ,
Browser (. 11.50) (Source Columns,
Destination Columns Lookups),
, , , (lookups).
Lookups
Transform Data Task,
.
. 11.50. ActiveX Script Transformation Properties, Browser

ActiveX Script Task ActiveX Script Transformation
Test, .
Testing Transformation (. 11.51),
11.
409
.
, .
.
. 11.51. Testing Transformation

, , . View Results Testing Transformation.
View Data (. 11.52), .
. 11.52. VieW Data
III.
, , . , ,
.

Transformations (. . 11.43), Test.
ActiveX Script, Copy Column.

. , Transform Data Task, Lookups* Options. ,
, .
. ,

.
Lookups Options.

Transform Data Task. ,
. , ActiveX Script , Source Destination.
, (lookup queries). , SELECT, UPDATE,
INSERT
DELETE. , ,
( ), , ,
. , .
,
, . ,

ActiveX.
. ActiveX.
, ,
, ,
, . -
411
11.
Lookups (. 11.53)
. 11.53. Transform
Lookups
Lookups, . .
Add
. Name ,
. Connection , .
. ,
, Transform Data
Task, .
, ActiveX, ,
Source. , ,
Destination.
Cache ,
. .
0, , .
412
///.
, jgj, Query
, . 11.36. . " Query Builder" ,
. ,
SQL Pane, Diagram Pane Grid Pane.
,
. . " '
. , ?.
, ,
ActiveX
ActiveX Script. Browser ActiveX Script Transformation
Properties (. . 11.50) Lookups
, Lookups Transform Data
Task (. . 11.53).
ActiveX, f name
GenNewName, NumAuth:
DTSDestination("au_fname ") =
DTSLookups("GenNewName ").Execute(NumAuth)
ActiveX
Script Transformation Properties. , .
, , , , ,
DTSSource (). .
, , .
. , - DTS, .
, ActiveX
, ActiveX Script Task
DTS ,
.
, , Books Online MSDN.

,
Transform Data Task Properties, Options (. 11.54). -
413
11.
,
.
. 11.54. Transform
Options
Exception file
, , . :
Name. , . Browse,
j, Name.
.
File type. . :
7.0 format SQL Server 7.0.

(parsers) , .
File type
.
Error text ,
, . , , -
414
III.
. , ,
.
Source error rows , , . .
, , .
,
Name, Source.
Dest error rows , , . ,
,
Dest, , . Copy Column Source Dest . ,
ActiveX Script,
.
(~
Source Dest
.
File format. , .
, Source Dest.
.
Row delimiter ( ),
.
{CR}{LF}. . (Semicolon), (Comma), (Tab), (Vertical Bar)
. (<>).
Column delimiter ,
. , .
(Vertical Bar).
Text qualifier ,
11.
415_
. <>, .
Double Quote {"}
Single Quote {'}, , , . , , .
, Exception file , . Data movement
. :
Max error count. ,
.
, , .
, ,
. .
0. , Max error
count,
(Failed). 0, .
Fetch buffer size. ,
. 1, .
First row.
. . , , , . , .
Last row. , . 0,
, First row .
SQL Server ,
SQL Server. , SQL Server,
. , :
Use fast load. .
OLE
DB Provider for SQL Server. , .
Keep NULL values.
, NULL -
416
III.
,
NULL. , NULL.
. NULL
.
NULL, NULL.
NULL ,
(NULL) .
Check constraints. , . ,
. , Check constraints.
,
, , . , DBCC (DataBase
Console Commands DataBase Consistency Check).
Table lock. , ,
. ,
. . ,
. ,
, ,
, .
Enable identity insert. ( IDENTITY) - , . , -
, , . , .

Enable identity insert.
.
Always commit final batch. , DTS
,
. ,
, . , ,
11.
417
.
Always commit final batch .
- Insert batch size. , . 0, ,
. , . , .
. ,
. 1. , . . ( Insert batch size
0) , 1 .
Options .
.
, .
Transform
Data Task.

Windows, , , MS Word MS Access. Execute Process Task , . . ,
, ,

. .
. ,
,
. , , - .
Execute Process Task ,
(. 11.55) :
Description. ,
. .
Win32 process. , .
418
III.
(com, exe, bat),

. ,
Select File,
.
. 11.55. Execute
Process Task Properties
Parameters.
, .
Return code.
,
. , ,
, Execute
Process Task. 0 . , . ,
,
. ,
, , Execute Process Task .
Timeout. ,
. , ,
Execute Process Task .
( ) .
.
Terminate process after timeout.
Timeout . ,
11.
419
. , .
,
, . , SQL Server 2000.
,
.
, . , . .
.
.
Execute SQL Task

Execute SQL Task Transact-SQL,
, ,
, , , . . ,
.
, SELECT.
Execute SQL Task
(. 11.56) :
Description. , .
Existing connection.
, .

.
Command time-out. .
, ,
. , ,
. 0 ( )
. , .
SQL statement. , . ,
Query Builder.
, Browse , -
420
III.
. ,
. Query Builder,
, Build Query. , . 11.36. . " Query
Builder" . , SQL
statement. Parse Query.
. 11.56. Execute SQL

Task Properties
Execute SQL Task , .
. "
" . , :
EXEC GetListAuthors ?
, Parameter Mapping (. 11.57),

Parameters . ,
Input Parameters Output Parameters. , , , , .
421
11.
. 11.57. Parameter
Mapping
Input Parameters (. . 11.57)
. " " .
Output Parameters (. 11.58).
. 11.58. Parameter
Mapping, Output
Parameters
422
III.
, Output Parameters, . Output Parameter

, :
None.
. ,
,
.
.
Row Value.
, , .
Row Value Parameter Mapping, .
.
Parameters, ,
. , , Output Global Variables.
,
, .
, . <>.
.
Create Global Variables,
Global Variables, . 11.40.
.
Rowset. ,
. , , .
ADO (disconnected ADO recordset).
, , ADO. , ActiveX Script,
.
Execute SQL Task
.
, .
DTS,
ActiveX.
.
11.
423

Transform
Data Task,
. . ,
Copy Column ActiveX Script.
, , .
DTS Data
Driven Query Task, . , Transform Data Task. , ,
,
.

. , .
, Transform Data Task.
Data Driven Query Task . ,
Transform Data Task
. Data Driven Query Task
Queries .
Data Driven Query Task Source
(. 11.59). Source
Transfer Data Task (. . 11.34). , . Source Data Driven Query Task Properties
Transfer Data Task . " Transfer
Data Task" . , Bindings, Transformations,
Lookups Options Data Driven Query Task , , Destination, Transformations, Lookups
Options Transfer Data Task.
. " Transfer Data Task".
, , . ,
Transformations
:
ActiveX Script
VBScript JavaScript, -
424
III.
, PerlScript.
Transform Data Task .
. 11.59.
Data Driven
Query Task
G Copy Column .
Date Time String
. : , , , , , .
Lowercase String
.
Middle of String
. , , .
CJ Read File .
Trim String , ,
, , ,
, (. . 0x09OxOd, 0x20).
Unicode .
Uppercase String .
11.
425

, . . .
Transformations Data
Driven Query Task Transform Data Task, , Options . . 11.60
Options Data Driven Query Task. ,
SQL Server, SQL Server.
Options Transform Data Task.
. 11.60. Data Driven

Query Task Properties,
Options
,
Data Driven Query Task. Queries (. 11.61),
.
Queries ,
.
, . ,
,
.
426
III.
. 1 1 . 6 1 . Data Driven
Query Task Properties,
Queries
Query
type, , . :
Insert ;
Update ;
Delete ;
Select .
, Query type,
. ,
.
Query Builder.
Build.
. " Query
Builder" . , .
. " " .
.
Destination to parameter mapping,

. ,
11.
427
Destination to parameter mapping .

Parameters ( ). Destination
, . ,
, . , , .
Parse/Show Parameters,

, Destination to parameter mapping.
.

, . .
. ,
, , . . " ". ,
, , ,
, . , , , , . .
, ,
Copy SQL Server Objects Task,
. SQL Server 2000 SQL
Server 7.0. , Copy SQL Server Objects Task SQL Server
7.0 2000. SQL Server
(6.5 6.0) Upgrade Wizard.
SQL Server . ,
(, SQL Server 4.1) SQL
Server 6.x, Upgrade Wizard . 6.
Copy SQL Server Objects Task . 11.62.
, . Source
,
. , ,
Destination. ,
Source Destination,
, , .
428
. 11.62. Copy SQL Server Objects Task Properties
. 11.63. Copy SQL Server Objects task Properties,

Copy
III.
11.
429
(. 11.63) , Select Object to Copy

DTS Import/Export Wizard (. . 11.20). ,
. " " . , DTS Import/Export Wizard
DTS, Copy SQL Server Objects Task.
, Copy SQL Server Objects Task
.
Send Mail Task

Send Mail Task .
, ,
SQLServerAgent ,
.
SQLServerAgent . " General" . " SQLServerAgent" 8. Send Mail Task . 11.64.
. 11.64. Send Mail Task Properties
Send Mail Task

. , ,
:
430
_ _ ^ _ _ _ _ _ _
III.
Description. , ,
, Send Mail Task .
Profile name. , MSSQLServer.
, ,
.
Password.
, .
. ,
(, ). ,
,
i, , .
. , (, ). , ,
.
Subject. . , . ,
. , .
Message. . Attachments. ,
. , .
,
, Bulk Insert Task.
Send Mail Task
. 11.64.
Bulk Insert Task

.
. , . .
,
, .
Bulk Insert Task, -
11.
431
, .
Unicode. . 11.65 Bulk Insert Task.
. 11.65. Bulk Insert

Task Properties
, . , General,
, . .
Description. ,
. .
Existing connection. , .
, .
Destination table. , , .
, ,
Refresh, . , .
, .
Source data file. ,
. , Browse For
Existing File, ,
15
1207
432
III.
. , Bulk Insert Task , .

Use format file.
, , . .
. Bulk Insert Task .
(format file). Use format file , . , ,
Generate. ,
.
Specify format. .
, .
:
Row delimiter
( ),
.
{LF}, {CR}.
{CR}{LF}.
(Semicolon),
(Comma), (Tab), (Vertical Bar)
.
(<>).
Column delimiter ,
. , .

(Tab).

.
28.
General . ,
, . . ,
Options , . , -
11.
433
, Options (. 11.66). ,
.
. 11.66. Bulk Insert

Task Properties, Options
Options :
Check constraints. , . ,
. , Check constraints.
,
, , . ,

DBCC.
Keep Nulls.
, NULL , NULL. , NULL.
. NULL
.
NULL, NULL.
15*
434
III.
NULL ,
(NULL) .
Enable identity insert. ( IDENTITY) - , . , - , , . ,
.
- Enable identity insert.
.
Table Lock. ,
,
. , .
.
. ,
, ,
, .
Sorted data. , , , .
, .
, .
Code page. ,
. ,
Unicode ( t e x t , varchar char),
, .
, 32
127.
. char,
varchar t e x t 32
127. :
OEM , ;
1252 (ANSI/Microsoft Windows ISO 1252);
RAW ""
(raw) . . . .
11.
435
Data file type. Bulk Insert Task

. Data file type
:
char .
,

;
native , (native).
,
SQL Server 2000.
. . .
. SQL Server;
widechar ,
Unicode.
\ t ,
\. widechar , .
, , SQL Server 6.x, . .
Unicode;
widenative native widechar.

, Unicode,
, SQL Server 2000.
.
SQL
Server 2000 SQL Server 7.0.
Insert commit size. , . , .
Bulk Insert Task . ,
,
. ,
.

(batch). .
.
436
III.
.
. Insert commit size
. . 0, .
Only copy selected rows. , , - .
, . , .
, .
. , ,
, :
First row
. . , .
,
;
Last row ,
. 0
, First row .
Bulk Insert Task .

bcp.exe (bulk copy program).
, . , bcp.exe , . , Bulk Insert Task Transact-SQL BULK INSERT,
.
bcp.exe, BULK INSERT
. " " 28.

, , .
.
. SQL Server 7.0 , . . . SQL Server 2000 Execute
Package Task, .
11.
437

, . , . ,
.
Execute Package Task .
General (. 11.67)
:
Description. , . .
. 11.67. Execute Package Task Properties,

General
Location. ,
. ,
, ,
. . 11.67 ,
SQL Server. SQL Server Meta Data Services. :
SQL Server
, .
sysdtspackages Msdb;
III.
438
SQL Server Meta Data Services

, SQL Server. , , , ,
;
Structured Storage File ( -) , .

Structured Storage File, Package name, .
Package name. DTS,

. ,
Location , . ,
Select
Package (. 11.68), , . Select
Package ^ 1 ,
Package name.
. 11.68. Select Package

Password. DTS Import/Export Wizard,
,
, . ,
, ,
Password. , , , Execute Package Task, .
Package ID. ,
,
Package name.
11.
439
Version. , . .
( ).
Server.
SQL Server,
.
Use Windows NT Authentication. , SQL Server Server, , .
DTS , , ,
Windows NT, Windows NT SQL
Server .
Use SQL Server Authentication. SQL Server. :
Username ,
Server .
;
Password , .
General .
Options (. 11.69),
.
Options
. Variables,
:
Name. ,
,
.
. . , . .
Value. ;
.
New. . ,
Delete.
440
III.
. , , a DTS Designer .
. 11.69. Execute Package Task Properties, Options
Execute Package Task .
Message Queue Task

Message Queue Task DTS , .
Message Queuing. . , ,
Message Queuing. , . , , ,
, .
Message Queue Task . 11.70.
441
11.
. 11.70. Message
Queue Task Properties
Message Queue Task Message Queuing Services. Windows NT 4.0

Microsoft Windows NT 4.0 Option Pack. Windows 2000
. ,
.

:
Description. ,
(),
. .
Message. Message Queue Task , , .
, .
, (Send
messages) (Receive messages). ,
, , . . 11.70 ,
Send messages. ,
Message to be sent.
Queue. ,
()
.
442
III.
_\_.
. . ,
Message Queue
Services, . , , .
,
, . ,
, .
, ,
Message to be sent (. . 11.70),
. Number ,
Message Type. Edit.
Delete. Message Queue Message Properties (. 11.71),
Add.
. 11.71. Message
Queue Message Properties
, . Message type, :
Data File Message .
File name,
. , , , .
443
11.
Global Variables Message .

Message Queue Message Properties , . 11.72. Global variables. .
Global variables .
New .
Name
, . Value
, , . (, ) Global Variables
(. . 11.40), Create Global
Variables. . " " .
String Message .
Message Queue Message Properties ,
. 11.71. , String
message, .
. 11.72. Message
Queue Message Properties

. .
Message Queue Task , Message
Queue Task Properties (. . 11.70) Message
Receive messages. Message Queue Task
Properties , . 11.73.
444
III.
. 11.73. Message
Queue Task Properties
, Message Queue Task : , . , . . Message type , . , , .
(Data File Message)
:
Save file as. , *
. , .
Overwrite. , ,
.
. , Save file as , .
.
Only receive message from a specific package or version.
. , , , . ,
,
. :
11.
445
No filter .
, , (
Queue);
From package Identifier, ,

. (CF94A366-13024 3 6 6 - A 0 3 7 - A 5 9 F A F F 6 D 4 0 0 } .
, .
^, Identifier.
. , ;
From version . - - . ,
. ,
, .
Message Queue Task (, ) . ,
, Identifier.
.
Identifier.
Only receive message from a specific package or version From
package From version. , Identifier
,
.
Remove from message queue.
Message Queue Services.
.
, , . . - .
Message Queue Task .
Time out after. Message Queue Task . ,
,
. , , -
446
III.
, . ,
.
1 9999 .
, .
("
. .
Message Queue Task .

(user-defined error messages).

, .
, , . , , .
SQL Server 7.0
- .
DTS SQL Server 2000
. Transfer Error Messages Task.
Transfer Error Messages Task .
Source (. 11.74) ,
.
, Source
Source server ,
. , .
, Transfer Error Messages Task
SQL Server 2000, SQL Server 7.0.
Destination ,
SQL Server,
Source. ,
Destination, Source.
11.
447
. 11.74. Transfer Error Messages, General
Error Messages (. 11.75),

, Error Message Copy Option,
:
All error messages detected at package runtime. , .
Selected error messages. (user-definer error messages). SQL Server 2000,
, , . . , , .
User-defined error messages,

Selected error messages. , ,
Source. Error . , , Destination.
( ) Select . , Clear All.
50 000.
s p a d d m e s s a g e .
III.
448
, , sysmessages
Master.
. 11.75. Transfer Error Messages, Error Messages

Severity (severity)
. Message.
LanguagelD , .
,
. Status
.
19 ,
, (system
administrator), 19 25, .
Transfer Error Messages Task .
Transfer Databases Task

Copy SQL
Server Objects Task,
SQL Server.
:
,
;
11.
449
- , , , ;
.
, Copy SQL Server Objects Task , -.
.
DTS Transfer Databases Task, , ,
Copy SQL Server Objects Task.
Copy SQL Server Objects Task .
Source Destination , , .
,
, Databases (. 11.76).
. 11.76. Transfer Databases, Databases
, Databases,

-. ( ),
-, .
Source:ServerName ,
Destination:ServerName .
. - ,
,
Databases Destination:ServerName Already exists,
450
III.
Move . System database, Move . , .

Copy SQL Server Objects Task , .
-.
, Move
,
. . Refresh, -.
, Copy SQL Server Objects Task .
- , , (attach)
, Copy SQL Server Objects Task
. File locations (. 11.77)
.
,
.
Files . :
Data files ( mdf ndf);
Log files - ( ldf).
. 11.77. Transfer Databases, File locations
11.
451
Destinations drives , . , Default data directory

( mdf ndf) Default log directory ( ldf)
Database Settings . Database
Settings . " Database Settings" 8,
Size ,
. , Destinations drives, Size,
Status . ,
.
, , , .
Refresh.

. Database
files (. 11.78), Modify.
. 11.78. Database files

Database files . ,
-
452
III.
, ,
.
Drive, , , Available Space Required
Space. Refresh.
, ,
.
, .
- .
Database ,
. , - , Source Files.
, -, . , , Destination. , ,
. , CDW (. 11.79), ,
Destination.
. 11.79. CDW
Size. Status
. , ,
11.
453
,
Source Files.
Database files .
File locations Transfer Database Task
Properties (. . 11.77). , Status File
locations , . .
Transfer Master Stored Procedures Task

(master server) .
Transfer Error Messages
Task. Transfer Master Stored Procedures Task (. 11.80)
. Source Destination
. Stored Procedures, .
,
Transfer Error Messages Task.
. 11.80. Transfer Master Stored Procedures
Transfer Jobs Task

Transfer Jobs Task SQLSen'eiAgent
SQL Server. , Transfer Jobs Task ,
. -
454
III.
Jobs (. 11.81), . .
.
. 1 1 . 8 1 . Transfer Jobs Task
Jobs Copy Option , :

All jobs detected at package runtime. , .
Selected jobs. .
, .
.
, -, .
Source, .
, , Transfer Jobs Task .
Transfer Logins Task

, , , , . , , - .
,

, .
11.
455
Transfer Database
Task ,
. ,
. (SID, security ID) . Transfer Database Task
. ,
, , . .
.
. ,
. .
Transfer
Logins Task. SQL Server 7.0
, .
Transfer Logins Task : Source, Destination Logins.
, Logins (. 11.82).
. 11.82. Transfer Logins Task
Logins
.
, ( Logins Copy Option server
logins detected at package runtime). , ,
Logins for selected
databases. .
,
-, . . , Source.
456
III.
, .
Select All Clear All , ,
.
, ,
Transfer Logins Task .

, DTS , . , , , .
DTS Designer ,
. , . SQL Server 7.0
. SQL Server 2000

Dynamic Properties Task. . ,
,
.
. 11.83. Dynamic Properties Task
11.
457
, (. 11.83) . Description
, . .
Change list, ,
.
. (. .
), Add.
Dynamic Properties Task:Package Properties (. 11.84).
. 11.84. Dynamic Properties Task:Package Properties

Dynamic Properties Task:Package Properties ,
. ,
, , , . ,
.
. . :
Connections. , . Connections . , , .
III.
458
Tasks .
Steps , .
Global Variables ,
.
Dynamic Properties Task:Package Properties

, .
,
.
,
. , Property Name Default Value. ,
, . .
,
.

Set ( ). Add/Edit Assignment (. 11.85). , .
. 11.85. Add/Edit Assignment

INI-
459
11.
Source , .
, ,
Source information. :
INI File INI-
(. . 11.85). , INI- ( File), .
, (
Section) ( Key), . .
Preview , .
.
Refresh Preview.
. 11.86. Add/Edit
Assignment

Query. ,
. 11.86. Transact-SQL. Connection
, . .
Query. , , Browse. , Query
Builder . Parse,
460
III.
. , . .
.
, .
Preview , . .
Refresh , .
Global Variable. . Add/Edit Assignment , . 11.87.
- Variable, . Preview ,
.
.
. 11.87. Add/Edit
Assignment
Global Variable
Environment Variable. ,
, . , ,

( Win32) DTS. Execute Process Task, .
, DTS - .
461
11.
Source Environment Variable Add/Edit Assignment

, . 11.88.
Variable , . Preview .
, ,
SET, .
.
. 1 1 . 8 8 . Add/Edit
Assignment

Environment Variable
Constant. ,
, . Add/Edit Assignment
, . 11.89. Constant , .
,
Select Enumeration Value (. 11.90).
Select.
Data File. , . , . Add/Edit Assignment
, . 11.91. File
, .
462
III.
Preview.
, Refresh.
. 11.89. Add/Edit
Assignment
Constant
. 11.90. Select
Enumeration Value
Dynamic
Properties Task:Package Properties (. . 11.84). ,
, ,
Dynamic Properties Task . , . . ,
.
463
11.
. 11.91. Add/Edit
Assignment

, DTS. , ,
, . .
, DTS
. ,
, 13 . , , , . , Data Driven Query Task ,
,
. ,
. , :
1. Execute Process Task,
(bat).
.
2. Dynamic Properties Task, .
3. Data Driven Query Task, , .
16
*. 1207
464
III.
, . ,
.
. ,
TaskA TaskB ,
TaskA ,
TaskB. :
(Unconditional)
. TaskB , TaskA. , , .
(On Success).
TaskB ,
TaskA . , , TaskA ,
TaskB . , , , . .
.
(On Failure). ,
TaskB
TaskA. , , .
.
, . , , Workflow .
, Workflow.
, , ,
.
.
.
. On Completion
, On Success , On Failure .
465
11.
. , , (. 11.92).
. 11.92. Workflow
Properties

,
, . Save Package.
Save DTS Package (. .93),
. , Save DTS Package
, , . , (,
), Save as Package.
,
:
Package name. ,
. , .
16*
466
III.
. 11.93. Save
DTS Package
Owner password. . ,
, .
, .
User password. .
, . , .
Location. , . ,
Location,
. , SQL Server. ,
SQL Server Meta Data Services
. ^ :
SQL Server sysdtspackages Msdb;
SQL Server Meta Data Services SQL Server,

,, , , ,
;
Structured Storage File

-;
Visual Basic File Visual Basic.
11.
467
Server. SQL Server,

.
Use Windows NT authentication. Server Windows NT.
Use SQL Server Authentication. SQL Server.
(Username), , (Password)
.
Save DTS Package (. 11.93), ,
SQL Server SQL Server. -
Visual Basic Save DTS Package
. , , ,
, .
12
SQL Server 2000

(, Total Cost of Ownership).
, . , 1015%
. ,
.

.
,
, ,
. - . ,
, , , .
,
,
, , .
.
, ,
. ,

. SQL Server 2000 , -.
, SQL Server 2000 ,
,
. ,
"" , SQL Server 2000,
12. SQL Server 2000
469

Microsoft .
: MS Windows 2000,
Exchange Server 2000 . SQL
Server 2000.
, .
SQL Server 2000 . ,
,
.
SQL
Server 2000,
. SQL Server 6.x, , SQL Server 7.0, .
,
, . , SQL Server 2000,
,
.
SQL Server 2000
SQLServerAgent. SQL
Server 2000, . , SQLServerAgent
.
. ,
, .
SQL Server 2000 :
Jobs ;
Alerts ;
Operators .
, , Msdb,
470
III.
SQLServerAgent.
Msdb , .
? Enterprise Manager. ,
Management, SQLServerAgent.
[] ,
Alerts, Operators Jobs.

SQL Server 2000.
SQL Server 2000

, .
(jobs) ,
.
(steps).
, . SQL
Server 2000 ,
. .
Transact-SQL Scripts (TSQL).
Transact-SQL, . . .
SQLServerAgent MSSQLServer
.
Operating System Command (CmdExec).
Windows. cmd.exe Windows NT command.com, SQL Server 2000
Windows 95/98.
Replication. , . :
Replication Snapshot ,
;
Queue Reader ;
Replication Transaction-Log Reader ;
Replication Distributor ;
Replication Merge .
14.
12. SQL Server 2000
471_
ActiveX Script. ,
. SQL Server 2000 VBScript JavaScript. , , PerlScript.
SQL Server 2000 .
, ,
. SQL Server 2000
.
,
. SQL Server 2000
. ,
.
, .
,
? SQL Server 2000 (schedules), . ,
, SQLServerAgent
. ,
(manual start) .
SQL Server 2000 ,

,
. .

. . ,
. . ,

,
. ,
(deadlocks) .
SQL Server 2000, .
.
. , , , -
472
III.
, . ( , ) .
, SQL Server 2000, . .

, . ,
, . .
SQL Server 2000 "" , . (alerts).
, , , .
, (event).
, . SQL Server 2000 . , ,
, .
, ,
, .

10%. ,
,
.
SQL
Server 2000, . . , . SQL Server 2000 ,
SQL Server 2000. , Transact-SQL .
,
,
.
SQLServerAgent (application log).
12. SQL Server 2000
(~~
473
.
, . Event Viewer, Windows NT . ,
Start (), Programs () Administrative Tools ( ).
,
, SQL Server 2000
. :
SQL Server 2000. ,
.
SQL Server 2000. (severity level)
, .
Performance Monitor.
SQL Server 2000,
, . SQL
Server 2000 - .
.
, - . . - ,
. .
, . :
000 Information;
001 Miscellaneous System Information;
002006 Reserved;
007 Notification: System Information;
008 Notification: User Intervention Required;
009 - User Defined;
010 Information;
011 Specified Database Object Not Fount;
012 - Unused;
013 User Transaction Syntax Error;

014 Insufficient Permission;
015 - Syntax Error In SQL Statements;
016 Miscellaneous User Error;
474
III.
017 Insufficient Resources;

018 NonFatal Internal Error Detected;
019 Fatal Error In Resource;
020 Fatal Error In Current Process;
021 Fatal Error In Database Process;
022 Fatal Error: Table Integrity Suspect;
023 Fatal Error: Database Integrity Suspect;
024 Fatal Error: Hardware Error;
025 - Fatal Error.
019 ,
, (system administrator), 019 025,
.
- ,
, s y s a l e r t s Msdb
. SQLServerAgent
s y s a l e r t s , .
,
.
SQL Server 2000 .
:
(Execute job).
.
Gob), .
, .
SQL Server 2000, . , , , . (truncation)
SQL Server 2000,
( ).
(Operators notify).
,
(operator) . ,
, .
:
12. SQL Server 2000
475
e-mail .
SQL Server;
pager ;
net send
NET SEND .
.
, .
. (Message forwarding).
SQL Server 2000.
, ,
SQL Server 2000 ,
.
. (application log) . ,
.
, SQL Server 2000 , . . .
.
. (operator) , . .

SQL Server 2000, , , .
. ,
.
. ,
. ,
III.
476
,
.
,
.

. SQL
Server 2000 ,
. Windows NT SQL Server 2000,
. , ,
. SQL Server 2000 , . , ,
, , .

SQL Server 2000
, .
.
Wizards (). , ,
. , . . , . SQL Server 2000 :
Create Alert Wizard ;
Create Job Wizard ;
Make Master Server Wizard

;
Make Target Server Wizard

.
, . , . ,
, .
Enterprise Manager. -
12. SQL Server 2000
477
: , ,
. Enterprise Manager , . Management, Enterprise Manager.
Transact-SQL. , Msdb.
, ,
. . SQL Server 2000
, .
(
Microsoft . , SQL Server 2000. Microsoft , ,

. , SQL Server 2000, .
.
. , .

SQL Server 2000.
Create
Job Wizard. ,
, . SQL Server 2000 Enterprise Manager. , . ,
s p a d d j o b , .
Create Job Wizard

Create Job Wizard.
. . . ,
478
III.
(schedule) .

Enterprise Manager.
Enterprise
Manager Run a wizard
Management Create Job Wizard.
.

.
(. 12.1) .
. 12.1. Create Job Wizard

:
Transact-SQL command Transact-SQL.
Operating-system shell command (for example, run a batch script or invoke an application) .
Active script (for example, VBScript or JavaScript) ,
(VBScript, JavaScript PerlScript).
, .
12. SQL Server 2000
479
, .
, , , . . 12.2
Transact-SQL command.
Database name , SQLServerAgent .

()
.
.
Transact-SQL statement Transact-SQL,
. ,
Open. Parse
.
, .
(. 12.3) . :
Now. . .
One time. . (
On date) ( At time), . .
480
III.
Automatically when the SQL Server Agent starts.

SQLServerAgent.
When the computer is idle.
. ,
, , .
On a recurring basis.
.
. Schedule. Edit Recurring Job Schedule.
(. 12.4) , .
:
Net send NET SEND;
E-mail .
.
Net send E-mail .
( ) .
12. SQL Server 2000
481
.
( Job name). ,
.
Enterprise Manager
, Create
Job Wizard . . Enterprise Manager.
Enterprise Manager, Management, .
Management L+J SQLServer
Agent. : Jobs, Alerts Operator. Jobs, New Job.
New Job Properties, . 12.5.
.

General (. . 12.5), . , .
482
III.
Name , . .
Source , .
,
(local). Created .
, (Not yet created).
, Created
.
. 12.5. New Job Properties, General
General ,
:
Target local server ;
Target multiple servers .
, . Change.
General Category. . SQL Server 2000 :
Database Maintenance ;
Full-Text , ;
Jobs from MSX ;
REPL-Alert Response , ;
12. SQL Server 2000
483
REPL-Checkup , ;
REPL-Distribution , Distribution Agent;
REPL-Distribution Cleanup , ;
REPL-History Cleanup , ;
REPL-LogReader , LogReader Agent;
REPL-Merge , Merge Agent;
REPL-QueueReader , ;
REPL-Snapshot , Snapshot Agent;
REPL-Subscription Cleanup , ;
Web Assistant Web-;
[Uncategorized (Local)] , .

. ,
Jobs Enterprise Manager All Tasks, Manage Job
Categories. Job Categories, . 12.6.
. 12.6. Job Categories

, ,
. .
, , . ,
( , ,
484
III.
. Job Categories
( )
.
, :
Add. , .
Delete. .
Properties. , , . ,
. Show all jobs.
, .
. ,
Member.
, General (. . 12.5). Owner ,
(owner) . , .
Description .
.
Enabled,
. ,
. , . , .
Enabled .
, .
. , Enabled, .
General .

, Steps
(. 12.7), , .
12. SQL Server 2000
485
. 12.7. New Job Properties, Steps

. New, New
Job Step (. 12.8).
. 12.8. New Job Step, General

General Advanced.
. Step name ,
.
. . "-
III.
486
" . , General .
Transact-SQL Script (TSQL). Database
, . Command.
Transact-SQL, .
General Open, , .
Parse, .
,
.
, ,
Advanced (. 12.9).
. 12.9. New Job Step, Advanced

(advanced) . On success/failure flow
:
On success action. , .
,
:
Quit the job reporting success

;
Quit the job reporting failure ;
12. SQL Server 2000
487
Goto the next step , . ,

.
Retry attempts. , .
0,
.
Retry interval (minutes). Retry attempts
0, ,

.
On failure action. On success action
, .
On success action.
Transact-SQL Script (TSQL) command options , . :
Output file. , , Transact-SQL .
, .
,
, --|. Output file
, :
View ;
Overwrite ,
;
Append ,
, .
Append output to step history. ,
, . Msdb.
, , Msdb
.
Run as user. , ,
. (Self), . , .
488
III.
. Steps
New Job Properties (. . 12.7).
, , . :
ID .
1 .
Step Name . ,
.
. . ""
SQL Server 2000 .
On Success ,
.
On Failure ,
.
, :
Move step .
ID.
Start step , .
, ID 1,
. ,
, .
New .
Insert ,
( New),
.
Edit .
Delete , .
.

,
.
Schedules (. 12.10).
.
, New Schedule. New Job Schedule (. 12.11).
12. SQL Server 2000
489
|
. 12.10. New Job Properties, Schedules

New Job Schedule Name.
. .
Name Enabled, .
, , .
.
. 12.11. New Job Schedule

Schedule Type :
Start automatically when SQL Server Agent starts.
SQLServerAgent, , . -
490
III.
, .
Start whenever the CPU(s) become idle. .
, , . , , .
One time. .
, :
On date ;
On time .
Recurring.
. .
00:00.
Change. Edit Recurring Job Schedule
,
. , .
. 12.12. New Alert Properties, General
12. SQL Server 2000
491
. ,
.
. Schedule
New Job Properties (. . 12.10). , ,
.
. ,
, New Alert
Schedules. New Alert Properties (. 12.12).
.
. Schedules
New Job Properties.

New Job Properties Notifications
.
. 12.13.
. 12.13. New Job Properties, Notifications
, :
492
III.
E-mail operator. ,
. ^
. ,
, , :
When the job succeeds ;
When the job fails ;
Whenever the job completes , .
Page operator. ,
.
Net send operator. , NET SEND.
Write to Windows NT application event log. ,
.
Automatically delete job.
.
.
New Job Properties, , SQL Server 2000
.
Transact-SQL
Transact-SQL.
, . .
.
, SQL Server 2000 Msdb. , sysjobs. SELECT, UPDATE DELETE,
Enterprise Manager. . SELECT. , .

:
sp__configure
'allow
update',
{ 0 1 1 }
12. SQL Server 2000
493_
0 , 1 .
sys jobs
, .
. , , .
( Enterprise Manager)
,
. , ,
. :
sp_add_job ;
sp_update_job ;
sp_deiete_job ;
sp_add_jobscheduie ;
sp_add_jobstep ;
s p h e i p j o b ;
sp_heip_jobstep .
s p a d d j o b
:
sp_add_j ob [@ job_name =] 'j ob_name'
[,[Senabled =] enabled]
[,[@description =] 'description']
[,[@start_step_id =] step_id]
[,[@category_name =] 'category']
[,[@category_id =] category_id]
[,[@owner_login_name =] 'login']
[,[@notify_level_eventlog =] eventlog_leve1]
[,[@notify_level_email =] email_level]
[,[@notify_level_netsend =] netsend_level]
[,[@notify_level_page =] page_level]
[,[@notify_email_operator_name =] 'email_name']
[,[@notify_netsend_operator_name =] 'netsend_name']
[,[@notify_page_operator_name =] 'page_name']
[,[@delete_level =] delete_level]
[,[@job_id =] job id OUTPUT]

, , Books Online.
III.
494

,
, . SQL Server 2000 . , (script) , Transact-SQL, .
, .
,
. . .
DTS, Transfer Job Task. , , Transfer Job Task, .
, All Tasks,
Script Job. Generate SQL Script (. 12.14).
. 12.14. Generate
SQL Script
:
File name. , . , ^ J .
File format. ,
:
12. SQL Server 2000
495
MS-DOS Text (OEM) MS-DOS;
Windows Text (ANSI) Windows;
International Text (Unicode) Unicode.
Replace job if exists. , ,

.
, .
SQL Server 2000
.
.
(
.
, . , SQL Server 2000 .
Jobs All Tasks, Script All Jobs.

, SQL Server 2000.
,
Create Alert Wizard, Enterprise Manager .
. , Create Alert
Wizard , . , .
, ,
. .
.
Create Alert Wizard

Create Alert Wizard Enterprise Manager Run a Wizard Management Create Alert
Wizard. .
,
1 7 . 1207
496
III.
.
.
(. 12.15) ,
. :
Only if this error occurs. , .
Manage SQL
Server Messages, , _^|.
Error Description ,
.
For any error of severity.
.
, ,
.
. 12.15. Create Alert Wizard

,
:
d Database name. ,
, . , .
,
( Databases).
12. SQL Server 2000
497
Error message contains this text. ,

.
. .
,
. .
, (. 12.16), , . , , .
Job to execute
,
New Job. , No Job.
Create Alert Wizard (. 12.17) , .

, . . . , Alert
notification message to send to operator , .
E-mail, Page Net Send , .
. . Create Alert Wizard . .
17*
498
III.
Enterprise Manager
Enterprise Manager New
Alert Properties (. 12.18).
Alert New Alert.
Name , . :
SQL Server event alert. (application log) .
SQL Server performance condition alert. (counts) SQL Server.
,
. .
Event alert definition
. :
Error number. , . ^ J ,
. ,
(user errors).
12. SQL Server 2000
499
. 12.18. New Alert

Properties, General
Severity. ,
(severity). .
Database name. , , . , ( All Databases).
Error message contains this text.
, ,
.
, .
, General
New Alert Properties SQL Server event alert.
. 12.18 SQL Server performance condition alert.
Performance condition alert definition SQL Server 2000, . :
Object. .
SQL Server 2000.
500
III.
Counter. , . .
Instance. ,
.
Value. , .
Alert if counter.
. . :
falls below ;
becomes equal to Value;
rises above Value.
. General New Alert Properties .

History,
:
Date last occurred.
.
Date last responded to. , .
Occurrence count.
.
Reset Count. (Occurrence count).
General . Response (. 12.19), , .
(Operators to notify), . New Operator.
(E-mail), (Pager) (Net Send).
. , , Additional
notification message to send. .

.
12. SQL Server 2000
501
. 12.19. New
Alert Properties,
Response
,
.
:
, NET SEND.
Include alert error text in. Delay between responses .
.
Transact-SQL
sysaierts Msdb.
Transact-SQL,
:
D s p a d d a i e r t ;
sp_update_aiert ;
sp_delete_aiert .
s p a d d a i e r t :
spi_add_alert [@name =] 'name'
[, [@message_id =] message_id]
t, [@severity =] severity]
[, [@enabled =] enabled]
502
[,
[,
[,
[,
[,
[,
[,
[,
[,
III.
[@delay_between_responses =] delay_between_responses]
[@notification_message =] 'notification_message']
[@include_event_description_in =] xnclude_event_description_in]
[@database_name =] 'database']
[@event_description_keyword =] 'event_description_keyword_pattern']
{ [@job_id =] job_id I [@job_name =] ' jobjiame ' } ]
[@raise_snmp_trap =] raise_snmp_trap]
[@performance_condition =] 'performance_condition' ]
[@category_name =] 'category']
,
, Books Online.

, , ,
. , . . " " .

, . SQL Server 2000 , Enterprise Manager Transact-SQL ( ).
. , Enterprise Manager Operators.
.
.
, .
, . , ,
.
Enterprise Manager
Enterprise Manager
New Operator Properties, ,
Operators Enterprise Manager New Operator. , . 12.20.
12. SQL Server 2000
503
. 12.20. New
Operator Properties,
General
,
. :
Name. , .
E-mail name. ,
. , - -. I.
. E-mail name.
Pager e-mail name. ,
, .
Net send address. ,
NET SEND.

Test.
( E-mail name) , . ,
504
III.
, , . .

, .

Pager on duty schedule.
.
8 6 .
,
, . SQL Server 2000 , .
General New Operator Properties
- Notifications (. 12.21).
. 12.21. New
Operator Properties,
Notifications
, . , .

, .
12. SQL Server 2000
505
Operator is available to receive notifications

. ,
. .
Send E-mail .
Transact-SQL
sysoperators
Msdb. ,
. , .
:
sp_add_operator ;
sp_deiete_operator ;
sp_update_operator
;
s p h e i p o p e r a t o r .
sp_add_operator:
sp_add_operator [gname =] 'name'
[, [@enabled =] enabled]
[, [@email_address =] 'email_address']
[, [@pager_address =] 'pager_address']
[, [@weekday_pager_start_time =] weekday_pager_start_time]
[, [@weekday_pager_end_time =] weekday_pager_end_time]
[, [@saturday_pager_start_time =] saturday_pager_start_time]
[, f@saturday__pager_end_time =] saturday_pager_end_time]
[, [@sunday_pager_start_time =] sunday_pager_start_time]
[, [@sunday_pager_end_time =] sunday_pager_end_time]
[, [@pager__days =] pager_days]
[, [@netsend_address =] 'netsend_address']
[, [@category_name =] 'category']
(v
sp_add_operator,
,
, Books Online.

SQL Server 2000 (fail-safe operator). -
506
III.
, ,
. , .
SQL Server 2000
, .
(, ), , (, ,
). ,
, Msdb ,
sysnotif i c a t i o n s , .
. Alert System SQL Server Agent Properties (. 12.22). SQLServerAgent Enterprise Manager Properties.
. 12.22. SQL Server

Agent Properties,
Alert System
Fail-safe operator, , Operator , .
No fail-safe operator, , .
12. SQL Server 2000
(~
507
SQL Server 2000 .

, ,
Operator No fail-safe operator.

,
.
. ,
, , ,
.
, : .
"" (script) Transact-SQL, . .
, .
Enterprise Manager. ,
. ,
Enterprise Manager Operators. , .
All Tasks, Script Operator.
Generate SQL Script,
, .
, Operators Enterprise Manager
All Tasks, Script All Operator.

.
, . ,
.
SQL Server 2000
. . ,
508
III.
, .
.
.
SQL Server 2000
(multiserver administration). , :
Master Server (MSX) ;
Target Server (TSX) ;
Multiserver Jobs ,
.

.

, .
(MSX,
Master SQL Executive Server). Windows NT. ,
, , . , , . ,
(domain controller). ,
, ,
.
, , , .

(multiserver jobs), , .
, SQL Server 2000 .
. SQL
Server 2000, (application log) Windows NT .

(forwarding events).
, SQL Server 2000
, -
12. SQL Server 2000
509
SQL Server 2000.

.
SQL Server 2000
Advanced SQL Server Agent Properties (. 12.23).
SQLServerAgem
Enterprise Manager Properties.
. 12.23. SQL
Server Agent Properties,
Advanced
SQL Server event forwarding. Forward events to a different
server . Server
,
. ,
, New Forwarding Server. Events , :
Unhandled events. , .
G All events. '
, , .
, If event has severity of or above
, ,
510
III.
.
, . , . . .

(MSXOperator).
. , .
.
Windows NT , . .
.
Make
Master Server Wizard ( Make MSX Wizard), , SQLServerAgent Enterprise
Manager Make This a Master,
Select Wizard, , Enterprise
Manager Run a Wizard.
,
. .
(. 12.24)
(MSXOperator).
. 12.24. Make MSX Wizard
12. SQL Server 2000
511
(E-mail address),
(Pager address) (Net
send address). , .
.
, .
,
. ____J
. Test,
. , (. 12.25).
, . (TSX, Target SQL Server Executive). , SQL Server 2000,
. ,
Register Server. Register
SQL Server Properties.
Properties.
. 12.25. Make MSX Wizard
512
III.

,
. ,
,
(TSX, Target SQL Server Executive).
.
, . . . , SQL Server 2000, Windows NT. , SQL
Server 2000 .
, , .
, , SQL Server 2000 ,

.
.
.
SQL Server 2000 Make Target Server Wizard ( Make TSX Wizard).
Select Wizard, .
Run a Wizard Enterprise
Manager. SQLServerAgent,
Make this a Target.

. (. 12.26) .
:
Master server (MSX). ,
. _j
Select Server,
.
Physical location of. .
.
. .
,
.
12. SQL Server 2000
513
. 12.26. Make TSX Wizard

, , .
(multiserver jobs). ,
.
.
, ,
.
, Jobs
New Job. New Job Properties (. 12.27).
, , ,
Target multiple servers.
,
. Change.
.
.

sysdownioadiist Msdb
,
.
III.
514
sysdownioadiist.
, .
. 12.27. New Job Properties
, sysdownioadiist . , . , ,
, .
. SQL
Server 2000 .
,
. ,
.
, .
, ,
.
,
.

(MSXOperator).
, .
. ,
SQL Server 2000,
Windows NT. , SQL Server 2000.
12. SQL Server 2000
515

SQL Server 2000
,
. ,
SQL Server 2000, .
.
, , . , , .
(jobs) . ,
SQL Server 2000,
, Database Maintenance Plan Wizard.
,
.
Enterprise Manager Management , Database Maintenance Plans. , Enterprise Manager , .
Select Wizard, Run a Wizard Enterprise Manager, Database Maintenance Plans New Maintenance Plan.
.
(. 12.28) , .
,
. :
All databases , , .
All system databases (master, model, and msdb) .
All user databases (all databases other than master, model, and msdb)
.
These databases ,
, . -
516
III.
, .
, ,
.
. 12.28. Database Maintenance Plan Wizard
. 1 2 . 2 9 . Database Maintenance Plan Wizard
12. SQL Server 2000
517
,
(. 12.29).
. (fill factor) ,

. , , . . ,
. .
,
Reorganize
data and index pages. , :
Reorganize pages with the original amount of free space.
, (
).
Change free space per page percentage to.
, . 10%, . . 10 . (split page)
.

(statistics). (query optimizer) .
, .
Update
statistics used by query optimizer. ( )
, .
(7
Update statistics used by query optimizer , .

s p _ d b o p t i o n , a u t o c r e a t e s t a t i s t i c s .
. ,
. , SQL Server 2000
. ,
, .
.
.
518
III.
. . (shrink)
.
.
,
Remove unused space from database files Database Maintenance Plan
Wizard. :
When it grows beyond. , .
, , .
Amount of free space to remain after shrink.
,
. .
, Schedule,
.
(Occurs every
1 week(s) on Sunday, at 1:00:00).
Change.
. Database Maintenance Plan Wizard . (. 12.30) .
12. SQL Server 2000
519

Check database integrity.
, :
Include indexes.
. .
Attempt to repair any minor problems. , . .
Exclude indexes. .
Perform these tests before doing backups.
, .
, .
,
.
, ,
.
Change. .
, (. 12.31),
.
. 1 2 . 3 1 . Database Maintenance Plan Wizard
520
_____
III.
,
,
. Back up the database as part of the
maintenance, plan. :
Verify the integrity of the backup on completion of the backup.
.
Location to store the backup file.
. :
. , ;
Disk . , .
Schedule,
. Change.
(. 12.32) ,
. Location to store the
backup file Disk, . , , .
Directory in which to store the backup file , :
Use the default backup directory.
\Mssql7\Backup.
Use this directory.
,
. .
. Create a subdirectory for each
database. ,
- . , , Remove
files older than. .
, , . (Minute(s)), (Hour(s)), (Day(s)),
12. SQL Server 2000
521
(Week(s)) (Month(s)). 4
.

Backup file extension , . bak.
"pubs_tlog_
199803120206.bak", 199803120206 " " (time stamp),
.
.
(. 12.33)
.
Back up the transaction log as part of the
maintenance plan.
.
.
.
tm. , (. 12.34) -
522
III.
12. SQL Server 2000
523
.
Write report to a text file in directory . , .
, ,
.
Delete text report files older than , .
,
.
Send e-mail report to operator.
, .
, , .

sysdbmaintplan_history Msdb.
(. 12.35)
Write history to the msdb.dbo.sysdbmaintplanjiistory table on this server. ,
Msdb .
, SQL Server 2000 . Limit rows in the
table to ,
524
III.
. 1000 .
,
, sysdbmaintpian_history . Write history to the
server. , . ,
Limit rows in the table to.
s y s d b m a i n t p l a n h i s t o r y 10 000 .
.
.
.
13

,
. . .
, . ,
,
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.
,
, .
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.
, , , , .
,
,
. ,
.
SQL Server 2000
:
;
;
526
III.
d ;
RAID.
. , RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks)

, . ,
, .

. , . ,
,
. ,
,
(,
).
,
, RAID, . " RAID" 16.
.

(back up)
. RAID

. ,
.
.
. ,
. , .
(backup), , . ,
.
.
,
. ,
, . -
13.
527
. ,
, . ,
.
("
SQL
Server 2000. - , . .
,
SQL Server 2000,
, Unicode,
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.
,
.
, , , . SQL Server 2000
. ,
. - , .
SQL Server 2000 , . :
;
;
;
.
.
, SQL Server 2000 . , , , ARJ, RAR ZIP.

SQL Server 2000 10 .

(database backup) .
18
*. 1207
528
III.
, .
,
, , ZIP-.
. , , . . . . ,
( ),
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, ,
. . ,
, . , ,
, . , .
, ,

.

, . ,
. .
,
, .
, . , , , , .
,
, SQL Server 2000 ,
.
, SQL Server 2000
.
-
13.
529
.
.
(~
SQL Server 2000

(truncate) . , .
BACKUP LOG
TRUNCATE_ONLY, .
Truncate log on
checkpoint. Enterprise Manager,
, sp_dfc>option.
, . :
;
;
, ;
(shrinking) .
, , .
, ,
.

, (differential database
backup) , . , . :
;
.
, . . ,
, . . 1 , , .
. 1
ARJ, RAR ZIP. .

18
530
III.
SQL Server 2000.

,
. ,

,
, . .
,
.
, SQL Server 2000

.

. ( )
, (
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- , . .

.
,
, . .
,
. .
, ,
. 8
,
. ,
, , . . . , . .
(transaction log backup). , -
13.
531
. , .
, , . SQL Server 2000 , .
,
, , .
, ,
. . ,

, .
. , 10 , 8 ,
. , ,
, .
, , . .
,
,
, , . t r u n c . log on
chkpt (Truncate transaction log on checkpoint). SQL
Server 2000
() .
(truncate). ,
, , .
. , .
.
SQL Server 2000 .
532
III.
. , , SQL Server 2000

. .
. ,
.

.

. ,
,
,
, . , SQL Server
.
, .
SQL Server 2000
,
. 99%
, .
.
.
, . ,
8
4 . , 2 ,
. .
. "" , , 2
. , .

SQL Server 2000.
,
.
13.
533
. , , ,
image, t e x t ntext. .
SQL Server 2000 .
.
. . , ,
. , image, text ntext, .
, . ,
,
. , , . ,
.
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(read only).
. , ,
.
. , . ,
, , . ,
. ,
, . , ,
, . ,
.
.
. .
.
534
III.
, . . . - .
"" ,
. .
.
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, ,
.
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,
.
.

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, .
. . .
-
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.
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.
, .

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,
12 , .
:
13.
535
1. .
. , . . .
, , , .
2. . ,
, , .
, . . . .
, , .
3. . .
.
, . - .
, , , , . ,
.
, . .
,
,
. .
, . . .
, ,
, .
,
.
.

, .
, . .
, .
536
III.
, , .
.

:
. . , . , . .
.
, (3,5" 5,25") .
, .
,
. . SQL Server 2000 ,
. ,
SQL Server 2000, ,
. SQL Server 2000
, Windows NT Backup. ,
SQL Server 2000
Windows NT . SQL
Server 2000 .
, , .
.
(
SQL Server Upgrade Wizard

, Backup , , SQL Server 2000.
.
, , . .
. , , ZIP-, . DVD. . SQL
Server 2000 , , : , , , . .
, , , NTFS, ,
. ,
13.
537
SQL Server 2000, , . .

. .
, SQL Server 2000. ;
, ,
,
-
. , , , SQL
Server 2000,
, NTFS.
-uie
SQL Server 2000 ,
SQL Server 2000 (
). , .
. , . , SQL Server 2000 . (named pipes) ""
,
SQL Server 2000.
. SQL Server 2000
"" , . , ,
.
, . ,
. .
, . . SQL Server 2000
\Program
Files\Microsoft
SQL
Server\Mssql\Backup, \Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\Mssql\Data. ,
, .
,
, .
, .

538
III.
, . , , , , .
(,
, ZIP-, DVD- . .),
, .
,
, , ,
,
. , , ,
.
.
,
, . ,
, , . , , .
. ,
.
.

, , , . ,
SQL Server 2000 .
Master Msdb. SQL Server 2000.
, .
(
,
( ),
, ( ).
,
Master, ,
SQL Server 2000, .
, ,
. . .
Master .
13.
539
Master
: ,
Msdb
SQL Server 2000, SQLServerAgent. , .
Msdb , Master, , .
SQLServerAgent , Msdb
. Msdb , .
Master . . Msdb
, .
.
Model Tempdb.
. .
, . , . . Tempdb ,
SQL Server 2000. Tempdb.
,
.
.

,
, . Master , .
, Master SQL
Server 2000. ,
SQL Server 2000
, . .
, MSSQLServer , SQL Server 2000 -
540
III.
. ,
SQL Server 2000, . ,
.
Master , SQL Server 2000. SQL Server 2000 (singleuser mode), " . , , ,
MSSQLServer, .
. , SQL Server 2000
,
.
SQL Server 2000 s q l s e r v r . e x e -. ,

.
, Master. , .
, , , , .
.
Master SQL
Server 2000. ,
. . Master
.
: rebuildm.exe Master
.
rebuildm.exe Master,
SQL Server 2000 . Master
.
, . Master , SQL Server 2000. . rebuildm.exe ,
, -
13.
541
SQL Server 2000. , , , .

Master
. .
, .

Windows NT Backup. MSSQLServer.
, , .

.

Master , . ,
, .
SQL Server 2000 .
(attach)
sysdatabases Master . , , (primary file) .
, , . ,
.
,
Master , . , (detach) .
sysdatabases Master
, SQL Server 2000
. - , "" .
SQL
Server 2000, ,
, , .
SQL
542
III.
Server 2000. ,
, .

s p a t t a c h d b :
sp_attach_db [dbname =] 'dbname',
[Sfilenamel =] ' f i l e n a m e j i ' [,...16]
.
[gdbname =] 'dbname'
, .
,
, .
[Sfilenamel
=]
'filename_n'
[,...16]
. ,
, , (
mdf).
, ,
. . , 16 .
. ,
. SQL
Server 2000 . dbnamejog.ldf.

:
sp_detach_db [Sdbname =] 'dbname'
[, [Sskipchecks =] 'skipchecks']
sp_detach_db,
' dbname' , . 'skipchecks 1 ,

. NULL. TRUE, TO UPDATE STATISTICS . FALSE, TO
UPDATE STATISTICS .

Microsoft
, , ,
.
13.
543
, .
,
, . .
. , ,
, . ,
, . . , .
Microsoft
,
,
:
;
;
;
, .
, ,
.
.
,
, .

Transact-SQL
SQL Server 2000 ,
, :
Enterprise Manager
Backup Wizard
Transact-SQL
.
Database Maintenance Plan
Wizard. . " Database Maintenance Plan Wizard" 12.
Transact-SQL
BACKUP. -
544
III.
,
. , Enterprise Manager . , Transact-SQL.

.
. BACKUP,
:
BACKUP DATABASE {database_name I @database_name_var}
TO <backup_device> [ , . . . n ]
[WITH [BLOCKSIZE = { b l o c k s i z e I @ b l o c k s i z e _ v a r i a b l e } ]
[ [ , ] DESCRIPTION = { t e x t | @ t e x t _ v a r i a b l e } ]
[[,]
DIFFERENTIAL]
[ [ , ] EXPIREDATE = ( d a t e | 0date_var}
I RETAINDAYS = {days I @days_var}]
[ [ , ] FORMAT I NOFORMAT]
[ [ , ] {INIT | NOINIT}]
[ [ , ] MEDIADESCRIPTION = {text I @ t e x t _ v a r i a b l e } ]
[ [ , ] MEDIANAME = {media_name I @media_name_variable}]
[ [ , ] [NAME = {backup_set_name I @backup_set_name_var}]
[ [ , ] {NOSKIP I SKIP}]
[ [ , ] {NOUNLOAD | UNLOAD)]
[ [ , ] [RESTART]
[ [ , ] STATS [= p e r c e n t a g e ] ]
]
.
database_name I @database_name_var
, .
(databasename)
(@database_name_var).
, ntext t e x t .
<backup_device>
[,...n]
,
. :
<backup_device> : : =
{
{backup_device_name
I
|
,
@backup__device__name_var}
"
13.
545
{DISK I TAPE I PIPE) =

{'temp_backup_device'
I @temp_backup_device_var}
backup_device_name I @backup_device_name_var
, SQL Server 2000 sp_addumpdevice. , .
(, ZIP ), . ,
(temporary backup device).

.
,
,
. , .
, . . D I S K I TAPE I P I P E
.
'tempj3ackup_device'
@temp_backup_device_var. , , .
WITH FORMAT, , ,
, Microsoft Tape Format (MTF). . ,
Microsoft Tape Format, .
, SQL Server 2000

. (), .
. , , .
546
III.
d BLOCKSIZE = {blocksize I @blocksize_variable}

,
.
,
FORMAT. - , 2048 .
, .
65 536 . ,
BLOCKSIZE, .
DESCRIPTION = ( t e x t I @text_variable}
.
255 ,
. , ,
. .
DIFFERENTIAL
. ,
. ,

. DIFFERENTIAL ,
.
EXPIREDATE = {date | @date_var}
.
.
. (date), ,
(@date_var), smalldatetime datetime.
EXPIREDATE , .
RETAINDAYS = {days I @days_var}

, , . SQL Server 2000 . RETAINDAYS
INIT SKIP.
EXPIREDATE, RETAINDAYS, TO
, . -
13.
547
s p _ c o n f i g u r e
media r e t e n t i o n .
FORMAT
. .
.
. , .
NOFORMAT
, .
I N I T NOFORMAT .
INIT
, SQL Server 2000
. . , ,
EXPIREDATE RETAINDAYS.
, BACKUP SKIP.
NOINIT
, I N I T . TO .
MEDIADESCRIPTION = ( t e x t | @text_variable)
.
DESCRIPTION, -
, .
255

, t e x t ntext.
MEDIANAME = {media_name
@media_name_variable}
,
. , , .
128 .
NAME = {backup_set_name I @backup_set_name_var}
. 128 . , .
III.
548
SKIP
.-,..
, BACKUP. SKIP , .
NOSKIP

,
.
UNLOAD
.
UNLOAD, TO ,
. .
NOUNLOAD
.
RESTART
SQL Server 2000 . BACKUP , ,
RESTART. ,
.
STATS [= percentage]
( )
.
10% .

pubs.
pubs.bak:
BACKUP DATABASE pubs TO DISK = 'c:\pubs.bak'
:
Processed 176 pages for database ' p u b s ' , f i l e 'pubs' on f i l e 1.
1
Processed 1 pages for database ' p u b s ' , f i l e 'pubs_log' on f i l e 1.
BACKUP DATABASE s u c c e s s f u l l y processed 177 pages in 0.549 seconds (2.629
MB/sec).
, , ,
.
13.
549
.

. , , . sp_addumpdevice. :
sp_addumpdevice [@devtype =] 'device_type',
['Ologicalname =] ' logical_name',
[Sphysicalname =] 'physical_name'
[, { [@cntrltype =] controller_type
| [Sdevstatus =] 'device_status'
}}
,
:
EXEC sp_addurapdevice 'DISK',
'pubs_dev', 'C:\SQLBack\pubs_bak.dat'
pubsdev,
pubs_bak.dat, SQLBack :.

. :
BACKUP DATABASE pubs TO pubs_dev

,
BACKUP. :
BACKUP DATABASE {database_name I @database_name_var}
<file_or_filegroup> [,...n] TO <backup_device> [,...n]
[WITH [BLOCKSIZE = {blocksize I @blocksize_variable}]
[[,] DESCRIPTION = {text I @text_variable}]
[[,] EXPIREDATE = {date I @date_var)
[[,] FORMAT I NOFORMAT]
[[,] {INIT I NOINIT}]
[[,] MEDIADESCRIPTION = {text I @text_variable}]
[[,] MEDIANAME = {media_name I @media_name_variable}]
[[,] [NAME = {backup_set_name | @backup_set_name_var}]
[[,] {NOSKIP I SKIP}]
[[,] {NOUNLOAD | UNLOAD}]
[[,] [RESTART]
[[,] STATS [percentage]]
]
550 '
III.
,
.
< f i l e _ o r _ f i l e g r o u p > ,
, .
:
<file_or_filegroup> ::=
{
FILE = {logical_file_name | @logical_file_name_var}

I FILEGROUP = {logical_filegroup_name I @logical_filegroup_name_varj
}
.
FILE = {logical_file_name | 91ogical_file_name_var}
.
,
Transact-SQL, ,
. ,
.
d FILEGROUP = {logical_filegroup_name I @logical_filegroup_name_var}
,
, FILEG'ROUP .
, . SQL Server 2000 , . ,
. , ,
.

BACKUP :
BACKUP LOG {database_name I @database_name_var}
{[WITH
{NO_LOG | TRUNCATE_ONLY}]} | {TO <backup_device> [ , . . . n ]
[WITH [BLOCKSIZE = { b l o c k s i z e I @ b l o c k s i z e _ v a r i a b l e } ]
[ [ , ] DESCRIPTION = { t e x t I @text_va"r i a b l e } ]
[ [ , ] EXPIREDATE = { d a t e | @date_var}
[ [ , ] FORMAT I NOFORMAT]
[ [ , ] {INIT I NOINIT}]
. 13.
551
[ [ , ] MEDIADESCRIPTION = { t e x t I @ t e x t _ v a r i a b l e } ]
[ [ , ] MEDIANAME = {media_name I 8 m e d i a _ n a m e _ v a r i a b l e } ]
[ [ , ] [NAME = {backup_set_name I @backup_set_name_var} ]
[ [ , ] NO_TRUNCATE]
[ [ , ] (NOSKIP ] SKIP}]
[ [ , ] (NOUNLOAD I UNLOAD}]
[ [ , ] [RESTART]
[ [ , ] STATS [= p e r c e n t a g e ] ] ] }
, .
NO_LOG I TRUNCATE_ONLY
, .
. , . .
NO_TRUNCATE

NOTRUNCATE SQL Server 2000 .
, ,
(suspect) .
(has not been recovered) .

Enterprise Manager
Transact-SQL.
BACKUP
BACKUP. He
BACKUP. (
) * Enterprise Manager.
BACKUP,
Enterprise Manager
SQL Server Backup (. 13.1),
. ,
Enterprise Manager All Tasks, Backup Database. ,
Database .
552
III.
. 13.1. SQL Server

Backup pubs
, SQL Server Backup .
General
. Options . ,
General.
Database.
, .
, .
, SQL Server Backup.
Name. ,.
. . . .
Description. .
.
Backup.
, :
13.
Database - complete ;
Database - differential ;
553
Transaction log ;
File and filegroup
.
,
. Specify Filegroups and Files,
, . Specify Filegroups
Files ,
. Backup,

.
Backup to. ,
:

,
(), ZIP,
. , SQL Server 2000, , Backup to Disk;
Disk
.
, ,
, Backup
to. , . ,
Database.
SQL Server 2000 .
Select Backup Destination (. 13.2),
Add. File name .
BACKUP DISK =
'file_name'. To .
, .
Backup device, . (
sp_addumpdevice.)
.
III.
554
, , <New Backup Device>. Backup Device

Properties - New Device, .
. 13.2. Select Backup

Destination
View Contents, , .
Overwrite. ,
:
Append to media . , , ;
Overwrite existing media

. , . , , .
, Schedule. ,
SQL Server Backup (. .
), .
SQLServerAgent, .
, , , .

. ,
Schedule. .
13.
555
Edit Schedule (. 13.3), ^ J , Schedule.
. 13.3. Edit Schedule
Schedule type :
Start automatically when SQL Server Agent starts.
SQLServerAgent, , . , .
Start whenever the CPU(s) become idle. .
, , .
, ,
.
One time. .
, :
On date ;
At time .
Recurring.
. .
0:00:00.
Change. Edit Recurring Job Schedule
III.
556
,
. , .
,
, . , . Options
(. 13.4), . . , ,
. , , .
. 13.4. SQL Server

Backup, Options
:
Verify backup upon completion.
.
Eject tape after backup. ,
. .
.
Remove inactive entries from transactional log.
.
Check media set name and backup set expiration. ,
, -
13,
557
, . ,
. . , .
Media set name. ,
.
. .
Backup sell will expire. ,
.
:
After ,
;
On , .
, . , , . , . .
. , .
Initialize and label media. .

MTF (Microsoft Tape Format). ,
, . .
:
Media set name ,

MTF;
Media set description

, .
Options . . ,
, ,
.
Enterprise Manager , , & Backup,
Management .
558
III.

Enterprise Manager
. ,
, .
,

,
Create
Database Backup Wizard.
Select Wizard (. 13.5),

Run a wizard, Enterprise Manager. Select Wizard
Management Backup Wizard.
,
.
,
.
.
Next.
Select Database to Backup,

" ".
Database,
, .
.
Database ,
. , .
Type Name and Description for Backup (. 13.6),
" ". :
Name. , .
Description.
.
13.
559
. 13.6. Type Name and Description for Backup
Create Database Backup Wteard
,
. Name , , databasename
backup. , ,
.
Select Type of Backup (. 13.7) ,
, .
, :
Database backup - backup the entire database
;
Differential database - backup only new and changed data ;
G Transactional log - backup the record of all the changes made to the database
.
, Master Msdb . , Master , Msdb

.
560
111.
. 13.7. Select Type of Backup Create Database Backup Wizard
. 13.8. Select Backup Destination and Action

Create Database Backup Wizard
. Select Backup Destination and Action (. 13.8),

" ".
13.
5?1
, ,
. , .
, , ,
. Select backup device , , :
. .
, , .

, .
File.
.
, .
Backup device. .
sp_addumpdevice
Backup Device Properties - New Device.

. ,
Backup Device Properties - New Device.
Properties, , :
Append to the backup media. .
, , .
Overwrite the backup media.
. , . ,
, .
Eject tape after backup.
, . . .
Read and verify the integrity of the backup after backup. .
Backup Verification and Scheduling
(. 13.9) , *
,
.
Check media set name and backup set expiration date,
,
19*
562
III.
.
,
. . , , Media set
name. .
. 13.9. Backup Verification and Scheduling

Create Database Backup Wizard
, , .
-
, . .
. , Backup set will expire .
, After ( ), On ( ).
, Schedule,
.
. , -
13.
563
, . " Database Maintenance Plan Wizard" 12.

, .
,
. .
, - , , Back.

Transact-SQL
SQL Server 2000 :
Enterprise Manager;
Transact-SQL.
, SQL Server 2000, Windows NT Backup .

.
Transact-SQL RESTORE. .

RESTORE :
RESTORE DATABASE {database_name I @database_name_var}
[FROM <backup_device> [ , . . . n ] ]
[WITH [DBO_ONLY]
[ [ , ] FILE = file_number]
[ [ , ] MOVE ' l o g i c a l _ f i l e _ n a m e ' TO l o p e r a t i n g _ s y s t e m _ f i l e _ n a m e 1 ]
[,...n]
[ [ , ] {NORECOVERY I RECOVERY I STANDBY = undo_file_narae}]
[ [ , ] {NOUNLOAD I UNLOAD}]
[ [ , ] REPLACE]
[ [ , ] RESTART]
]
III.
564
DATABASE {database_name |
@database_name_var}
DATABASE , ,
.
DATABASE . (database name)
( @ d a t a b a s e _ n a m e _ v a r ) .
FROM
<backup_device>
[,...n]
FROM , .
backupdevice,
. " " . . FROM , (recovery) . NORECOVERY, RECOVERY STANDBY.
DBO_ONLY
(DBO, database owner).

sp_dboption dbo use only.
FILE = file_number
(backup set) . .
MEDIANAME = tmedia_name i @media__name_variable)
, .
d MOVE 'logical_file_name' 'operating_system_file__name'
, , .
, .
NORECOVERY

. , . NORECOVERY ,
RECOVERY NORECOVERY.
RECOVERY
RESTORE RECOVERY, TO
. ,
.
13.
STANDBY = u n d o _ f i l e _ n a m e
565
;
(undo file), ,
. STANDBY,
. STANDBY
(standby server), , . ,
SQL Server 2000 . ,
. .
RECOVERY, NORECOVERY STANDBY, TO

RECOVERY.
UNLOAD
NOUNLOAD
, .
REPLACE
. ,
,
, , .
RESTART
, , , . .
STATS [= percentage]
( ) . 10% .

RESTORE :
566
III.
RESTORE DATABASE {database_name I Gdatabase_name_var}

<file_or_filegroup> [,...n]
[WITH
[DBO_ONLY]
[ [ , ] FILE = f i l e _ n u m b e r ]
[ [ , ] MEDIANAME = {media_name I @media_name_variable)]
[ [ , ] NORECOVERY]
[ [ , ] {NOUNLOAD I UNLOAD}]
[ [ , ] REPLACE]
[ [ , ] RESTART]
]
, RESTORE ,
<file_or_filegroup>
[, .. . ] . ,
.
. "
" .

RESTORE :
RESTORE LOG (database_name I @database_name_var)
[WITH
[DBO_ONLY]
[ [ , ] FILE = f i l e _ n u m b e r ]
[ [ , ] {NORECOVERY I RECOVERY | STANDBY = undo_file_name} ]
[ [ , ] {NOUNLOAD | UNLOAD}]
[ [ , ] RESTART]
[[,] STATS [= percentage]]
[[,] STOPAT = {date_time I @date_time_var}]
]
RESTORE
.
.
DATABASE LOG,
, .
STOPAT = ( d a t e t i m e | S d a t e t i m e v a r }
, .
, datetime. smaiidatetime.
,
datetime smaiidatetime.
13,
567

, , . SQL Server 2000
, .
, ,
.

Enterprise Manager
, Transact-SQL . RESTORE. ,
Transact-SQL . , , , .
, Transact-SQL,
Enterprise Manager.
,
, , .
Enterprise Manager
Restore database (. 13.10). Tools Restore Database,
- All Tasks, Restore Database.
, Restore database .
General
. Options . ,
General (. 13.10):
Restore as database.
,
. ,
.
, . .
,
, ,
III.
568
. ,
, ,
. , ,
, .
. 13.10. Restore database

Restore. . ,
, Parameters.
(. . 13.10)
Database.
:
Database ,
;
Filegroups or files
;
From device ,
.
Show backups of database. .
13.
569
, Parameters,
. , , , , .
First backup to restore.
, .
, . ,

.
, .
Point in time restore. , . ,
,
. ,
.
,
, , Show backups of
database, , First
backup to restore. :
Restore. , ,
. .
, .
1. , ,
. ,
.
, ( ).
Backup Set Date.
.
Size. , .
Restore From. , . , .
.
Backup Set Name. ,
, .
Properties ,
, , Restore From.
570
III.
, ,
, , .
, General
Restore database, Restore
Database. ,
Parameters
.
Options (. 13.11), .
:
Eject tapes (if any) after restoring each backup. .
Prompt before restoring each backup. .
Force restore over existing database.
.
Restore database files as.
. :
Original File Name , ;

Restore As , . , .
.
Recovery completion state. , . :
Leave database operational. No additional transaction logs can be restored

.
;
Leave database nonoperational but able to restore additional transactional

logs ,
. ;
Leave database read-only and able to restore additional transactional logs

, . , . , " ". Undo file
13.
571
. , .
Options,
Enterprise Manager, .
. 1 3 . 1 1 . Restore database, Options
14

. , , , .
. .

, .
SQL Server 2000,
. ,
.
, .
.
, . , , ,
.
, ,
,
.

,
.
.
.

, . , . .
,
.
.
. , . -
14.
573
.
. .
.
,
.
:
. .
, ,
. , , - .
.
.
,
, .
.
SQL Server 2000 ,
.

DTS . ,
, : , .
SQL Server 2000
(replication). SQL
Server 2000
ODBC OLE DB. ( ), , SQL Server 2000
, .
SQL Server 2000 Replication Distribution Interface.
SQL Server 2000, SQL Server 7.0 SQL Server 6.x,
, Microsoft Access, Oracle, dBase,
Paradox MS Excel.

.
574
III.
,
DTS. , .
SQL Server 2000.

SQL Server 2000,
, , . ,
. -
.
SQL
Server 2000 .
SQL
Server 7.0. , .
,
.
2 , .
,
, .
SQL Server 2000 . , (queue updating).

.
, .
, LAN, WAN .

SQL Server 6.0. ^ "
" Publish and Subscribe, SQL Server 6.0. Publisher,
Distributor Subscription.
14.
(~
575
, ,
SQL Server 2000. . , , .
"" , .
, . , ,
. , . , .

.

SQL Server 2000 ( ), . , SQL Server 2000.
,
:
(Publication). .
. , .
,
.
(Article). , .
- . , , :
Using a vertical filter ( ), ;
Using a horizontal filter ( ),
, ,
WHERE.
, SQL Server 6.x . SQL Server 2000 ,

, SQL
576
III.
Server 6.x SQL Server 2000 , . , SQL Server 7.0,
SQL Server 2000 .
, . Microsoft ,
.
(publisher) SQL Server 2000 , ()

. , . , . .
-.
-
. , .
(
- , , , , .
, , , ,
, , .
, .
, , . (Snapshot Replication). .
. ,
.
(subscriber) , .
.
. ,
577
14.
,
.
SQL Server 2000 , Microsoft Jet Database, ODBC

OLE DB.
, , . SQL Server 7.0
SQL Server 2000.
, . , .
, , .
.
,
. ,
, , , .
. SQL Server 2000 - , . .
. SQL Server 2000
:
(Merge Replication). . .

. ,
,
.
D (Immediate Updating Subscribers).
. , . ,
. ,
.
(Queue Updating). ,
,
. , .
,
.
578
III.
, , .
,
. , . SQL Server 2000. ,
? SQL Server 2000 :
(Push Subscription). . ,
. ,
. ,
.
, . . ,
.
(Pull subscription). , -, .
, , .
, .

, .

. ,
-. ,
,
. . , ,
.
, SQL Server 2000

, . ,
,
.
14.
579
(distributor) ,
.
, .

.
, , .
, . .
, .
,
. , ,
, , .
(distribution
database), .
D i s t r i b u t i o n . ,
. ,
, , , . , .
.
, . , .
, .

. , , .
.
, . SQL Server 2000
, . -
580
III.
.
.
, ,
. ,
.
, .
.
, . ,
.
, ,
.
, .

, SQL Server 2000 ,
SQL Server 2000.
SQL
Server 2000. , , , , . .
. .
SQL Server 2000:
Snapshot Agent
Log Reader Agent

Queue Reader Agent
Distribution Agent
Merge Agent
. SQL Server 2000
. ,
. \Program Files\Microsoft SQL
Server\80\COM. , , , .
14.
56?
,
, "" . ,
. ,
D i s t r i b u t i o n , .
, , . :
Agent History Clean Up: Distribution 10 . ,
48 .
Distribution Clean Up: Distribution 10
,
.
Expired Subscription Clean Up , .
Reinitialize Subscriptions Having Data Validation Failures ,
. ,
.
Replication Agents Checkup ,
. 10 .
, ,
,
"" . .
. SQLServerAgent
, .

SQL Server 2000. , SQL Server 2000 . , . SQL Server 2000 ,
. D i s t r i b u t i o n , Enterprise Manager
Replication Monitor.
.
582
III.
Snapshot Agent
Snapshot Agent
(snapshot file). , ,
. .
. , . Snapshot Agent . , (),
,
. . Snapshot Agent
(script file), .
. Snapshot Agent
. Snapshot
Agent .
.
SQL Server 2000 Snapshot Agent.
Snapshot Agent snapshot.exe,

:
snapshot -Publisher <..>
-PublisherDB <..>
-Publication <..>
[-ReplicationType <1|2>]
[-Distributor <..>]
[-DistributorSecurityMode <0|l>]
[-DistributorLogin <..>]
[-DistributorPassword <..>]
[-PublisherSecurityMode <0|l>]
[-PublisherLogin <..>]
[-PublisherPassword <..>]
[-MaxBcpThreads <..>]
[-BcpBatchSize <..>]
[-HistoryVerboseLevel <0|l|2|3>]
[-RowDelimiter <..>]
[-FieldDelimiter <..>]
[-70Subscribers]
[-ProfileName]
[-DynamicFilterLogin <..>]
[-DynamicFilterHostName <..>]
[-DynamicSnapshotLocation <..>]
[-Continuous]
14.
583
[-Output <..>]
[-OutputVerboseLevel <0|l|2>]
[-LoginTimeout <..>]
[-QueryTimeout <..>]
[-DefinitionFile <..>]

snapshot.exe, . . . . " " . , Snapshot Agent
. , snapshot.exe, . ,
SQLServerAgent,
. SQL Server, , ,
. . -
Schedules , .
Log Reader Agent

Log Reader Agent (Transactional
Replication), .
, . Distribution. Dist r i b u t i o n .
Snapshot Agent, Log Reader Agent.

Log Reader Agent logread.exe,
:
logread - P u b l i s h e r <..>
-PublisherDB <..>
[-KeepAliveMessagelnterval <..>]
[-PublisherSecurityMode < 0 | l > ]
[ - D i s t r i b u t o r <..>]
[-DistributorSecurityMode < 0 | l > ]
[-Buffers <..>]
[-SyncLogging]
584
III.
[-HistoryVerboseLevel <0|l|2>]
[-PacketSize <..>]
[-ReadBatchSize <..>]
[-ReadBatchThreshold <..>]
[-Pollinglnterval <>]
[-Messagelnterval <.->]
[-Continuous]
[-Output <..>]
[-LoginTimeout <. . > ]
[-QueryTimeout <. . > ]
Queue Reader Agent

, SQL
Server 2000 ,
(Queue Updating).

(queue).
- ,
.

. , . Queue Reader Agent.
Queue Reader Agent .
.
, . ,
,
.
Queue Reader Agent qrdrsvc.exe, :
Qrdrsvc
[-Distributor <local-machine-name>]
[-DistributionDB <distribution_database>]
[-DistributorLogin <distributor_login>]
[-DistributorPassword <distributor_password>]
[-DistributorSecurityMode <0-l>]
[-ResolverState <l-3>]
[-HistoryVerboseLevel <0-3>]
[-Pollinglnterval <0-240 seconds>]
[-Continuous]
[-Output <..>]
14.
585
Distribution Agent
Distribution Agent ,
Snapshot Agent Log Reader Agent. Distribution Agent

D i s t r i b u t i o n .

, Distribution Agent. Distribution Agent.
Distribution Agent .
(pull replication) .
(push replication),
.
Distribution Agent distrib.exe, :
distrib -Publisher <..> -PublisherDB <..>
[-Publication <..>]
[-SubscriptionType <0-2>]
[-SubscriberDB <-..>]
[-SubscnberSecurityMode <0 I 1>]
[-SubscriberLogin <..>}
[-SubscriberPassword <-.>]
[-SubscriberType <0-2>l
[-SubscriberDatabasePath <.. >j
[-Distributor <. . >]
[-DistributorSecurityMode <0I 1>]
[-DistributorNetwork <..>]
[-DistributorAddress <..>)
[-FileTransferType <0|l>]
[-FtpAddress <..>J
[-FtpPort <..>]
[-FtpOserName <..>]
[-FtpPassword <..>]
[-TransactionsPerHistory <..>]
[-CommitBatchSize <..>]
[-CommitBatchThreshold <..>.]
[-MaxDeliveredTransactions <..>]
[-BcpBatchSize <..>]
[-SubscriptionTableName <..>]
[-ErrorFile <..>]
-Subscriber <..>
586
III.
[-UselnprocLoader]
[-NoTextInitOnSync]
[-Buffers]
[-Quotedldentifier <..>]
[-HistoryVerboseLevel
<O|1|2I3>]
[-ProfileName <..>]
-AltSnapshotFolder <..>]
-SkipErrors]
L
[-Hostname]
[-OseDTS]
[-PacketSize <..>]
[-Pollinglnterval <..>]
[-Messagelnterval <..>]
[-Continuous]
[-Output <..>]
[-OutputVerboseLevel
<0ll|2>]
Merge Agent
Merge Agent (merge replication). ,
SQL Server 7.0. .
, .
, . , .

.
Merge Agent ,
. , ,
.
Merge Agent.
. ,
.
, Merge Agent ,
. D i s t r i b u t i o n .

( ), . , "
", .
14.
587
. , ,
, .
,
,
, .
, , Merge Agent. , Merge Agent ,
.
Merge Agent , .
,

.
Merge Agent replmerg.exe, :
replmerg -PublisherDB <..> -Subscriber <..>
-SubscriberDB <..> -Publication <..>
[-Hostname <..>]
[-Pollinglnterval <in seconds>]
[-Validatelnterval <in minutes>]
[-SubscriptionType <0|l|2>]
[-SubscriberConflictClean <0|l>]
[-PublisherSecurityMode <0|l>]
[-SubscriberSecurityMode <0|l>]
[-SubscriberLogin <..>]
[(-SubscriberPassword I -SubscriberEncryptedPassword) <..>]
[-SubscriberType <01112 I 31 4 I 5 I 61718>]
[-Validate <0|l|2|3>]
[-FastRowCount <0|l>]
[-HistoryVerboseLevel <0|l|2|3>]
[-ProfileName <..>]
[-UselnprocLoader]
[-interactiveResolution <0|l>]
[-SrcThreads <..>]
[-DestThreads <..>]
[-ForceConvergenceLevel <0|l>]
[-InputMessageFile <..>J
[-InputMessageFromPublisher <0|1>]
[-OutputMessageFile <..>]
[(-Distributor <..>)
I (-DistributorNetwork <..> -DistributorAddress <..>])
[-DistributorSecurityMode <0|l>]
588
III.
[(-DistributorPassword I -DistributorEncryptedPassword) <..>]

[-MaxDownloadChanges <..>]
[-MaxUploadChanges <..>]
[-UploadGenerationsPerBatch <..>]
[-DownloadGenerationsPerBatch <..>]
[-UploadReadChangesPerBatch <..>]
[-DownloadReadChangesPerBatch <..>]
[-UploadWriteChangesPerBatch <..>]
[-DownloadWriteChangesPerBatch <..>]
[-SubscriberDBAddOption 0|l1213]
[-SubscriberDatabasePath <..>]
[-FileTransferType <0|l>]
[-FtpAddress <..>]
[-FtpPort <..>]
[-FtpUserName <..>]
[-FtpPassword <..>]
[-ExchangeType <1|2|3>]
[-AltSnapshotFolder <..>]
[-SyncToAlternate <0|l>]
[-DynamicSnapshotLocation <..>]
[-Continuous]
[-Output <..>]

SQLServerAgent.
, ,
, SQLServerAgent. , SQLServerAgent , MSSQLServer.
, SQLServerAgent .
. , Windows NT. SQL Server, , SQLServerAgent.
Management\SQL Server Agent\Jobs
(. 14.1) , , , , REPL.
.
, .
. 14.2 STORAGE-pubs-1, Log Reader Agent.
14.
589
**^****^-*?
. 1 4 . 1 . Management's SQL Server AgentXJobs
. 14.2. General
Genera] ,
REPL-LogReader. ,
14.
591
Agent.
. , ,
.
. 14.4. , General
Advanced (. 14.5), , . ,
.
. 14.5. , Advanced
20
592
III.
(. 14.6). Replication Transaction-Log Reader. , logread.exe,

Log Reader Agent. , Command,
,
, .
logread.exe
Log Reader Agent.
. 1 4 . 6 . , G e n e r a l
Advanced (. 14.7) ,
logread.exe ( On success action)
( Quit the job reporting success).
( On failure action) ( Goto the next
step). 10 ( Retry attempts)
( Retry interval (minutes)).
(. 14.8), ,
, 10;
logread.exe. ,
Transact-SQL Script (TSQL) sp_MSdetect_nonlogged_shutdown, Log Reader Agent.
Advanced (. 14.9) ,
.
14.
593
. 14.7. , Advanced
. 14.8. , General
, Log Reader
Agent, . ,
.
. , ,
.
20*
594
III.
. 14.9. , Advanced
. 1 4 . 1 0 . S c h e d u l e s
Log Reader Agent.

Schedules (. 14.10). , . Description . ,
SQLServerAgent (Start automatically when SQL Server Agent Starts).
, logread.exe, . ,
14.
595
, . (Task Manager) Processes (. 14.11),

, logread.exe .
, .
. 14.11. Processes

<Ctrl>+<Shift>+
+<Esc>, Task Manager.
<Ctrl>+<Alt>+<Del> Task Manager.
, Windows NT 4.0 Windows 2000.
. 14.11 , Distributor Agent (distrib.exe) Queue Reader Agent (qrdrsvc.exe). Merge

Agent (replmerg.exe) , . . . Snapshot Agent ,
. 23:33.
, Log Reader Agent,
. Notifications
596
III,
. , - ,
.
Log Reader Agent
. , .

.
. SQL Server 2000 ^
.
SQL Server 2000 :
Snapshot Replication ;
Transactional Replication ;
Merge Replication .
.
,
, .
""
. , . :
Immediately-Update Subscribers ;
Queue Updating .
, SQL
Server 2000 SQL Server 7.0.
, ,
, . , -;
. ,
.
.
14.
597

(Snapshot Replication). , . (snapshot).
.
.
. (snapshot
file), .
. ,
, . .
. ,
.
, . .
,
. . .
. , , , .
. ,
. . ,
, ,
,
.
" "
(DSS, Decision Support Systems). , . ,
, " ". .
598
III.
,
, .
, ,
.

,
. ,
, .
, .
, . . 14.12
.
. 14.12.
, Snapshot Agent Distribution Agent. . ,

.
Snapshot Agent , . ,
.
14.
599
(snapshot files). , :
1. Snapshot Agent . . , ,
(share-lock). ,
. . ,
. .
. , . . , , . . , . .
, .
Snapshot Agent .
2. SCH
.
, ( , ). ,
, ,
IDX. SCH IDX , D i s t r i b u t i o n .
3. Snapshot Agent
. ,
.
. bcp.exe
(native) . , SCH IDX,
, . .
, SCH , .
,
SQL Server 2000. SQL Server 6.x
. .
600
III.
4. (SCH, IDX,
), .
Snapshot Agent
D i s t r i b u t i o n , ,
, . ". Msrepl_commands
Msrepi_transactions. , , . . Msrepl_transactions

.
5. .
(log history file) .
( ), .
Snapshot Agent . , D i s t r i b u t i o n . .
~^)
( ), Snapshot
Agent, . .
(SCH) (IDX).
, Snapshot Agent, Distribution Agent.
. ,
. :
1. , Distribution Agent
. , .
(pull replication), . (push replication),
.
(_

, . . Distribution Agent
.
. ,
, . , .
14.
2. D i s t r i b u t i o n .
Msrepl_commands Msrepl_transactions.
, , (
), (SCH) (IDX).
3. Distribution Agent . ,
. ,
, SCH.

( ).
( bcp.exe BULK INSERT) . , , IDX.
, . , . SCH, IDX,
. , D i s t r i b u t i o n
. ,
.
(Transactional Replication).
. .
, , , .
, INSERT, DELETE UPDATE. -
. , D i s t r i b u t i o n . , .
, , . . ,
, . , ( ).
III.
602
, . . ,
. , .
.
,
, .
, .
(, ) . ,
, , , .
, .
.
. 14.13 .
.
. 14.13.
, :
Snapshot Agent;
14.
603
Log Reader Agent;
Distribution Agent.
.
-, . , .
. Snapshot Agent
, (SCH), (IDX) ( ). . Snapshot Agent
.
,
. Log Reader Agent. ,
, . INSERT, UPDATE DELETE, -
, .
(~
, 500 Unicode.
, , .
,
.
,
Log Reader Agent.
SQL Server 2000 ,

. . , , , s p _ r e p l c m d s .
, s p _ r e p i d o n e .
MSrepltransactions Distribution.
. , Snapshot Agent, , .
604
III.
, . .
, , . ,
, .
Distribution Agent.
,
. ,
,
.
, .
, .
,
. ,

. . , SQL Server 2000 . . 100 . .

.
(
, . ,
, .
Distribution
Agent. . ,
, .
Distribution Agent
MSrepi t r a n s a c t i o n s . , ,
, .
. Distribution Agent .
14.
605
,
,
.

INSERT, UPDATE DELETE. , -, . .

, , .
SQL Server 2000

. . , 15% ,
UPDATE,
. .
.
SQL Server 2000
(stored procedure replication).
,
, . , -
UPDATE. . , .
.
.
, . , . ,
,
( ), (SCH) (IDX), .
. ,
606
III.
,
, .
.
, , . ,
,
.

, .

( ) .
SQL Server 2000
:
Procedure Execution ( ).
. . , ,
. , , -
.
,
.
.
,
, .
^)
.
, .
, ,
.
, .
Serializable Procedure Execution ( ). ,

. , (DML, Data Manipulation Language). , ,
. ,
(serializable transaction).
14.
607

"" "".
. , . , . .
. .
,
, . . Snapshot Agent
, . .
, SQL Server 2000 . , , ,
. .
correct_price, ,
, .
goods. , c o r r e c t p r i c e
p r i c e _ i i s t , .
, , ,
goods. , p r i c e _ i i s t
. , . correct_price.
, , .
,
. , , ,
.
, SQL Server 2000 .
.
.
608
III.
, , . , , .
, ,
(
, ). .

, , (Immediate Updating Subscribers). , ,
. .
, .
,
, , .
SQL Server 7.0 (merge replication),
. ,
. , .

, . , ,
. , .
, SQL Server 2000 .
. 14.14 .
SQL Server 2000 :

Snapshot Agent
, .
, ,
Merge Agent , , ,
.
14.
609
. 14.14.
SQL
Server 2000. , , . ,
. ,
.
, , .
:
SQL Server 2000 , ,
. , (GUID, Global Unique Identifier). GUID uniqueidentifier,
. GUID
.
( ).
SQL Server 2000 , ,
uniqueidentif i e r ROWGurDCOL.
, . ROWGUID,
. ^. .
610
III.
timestamp ,
. .
. u n i q u e i d e n t i f i e r .
, . , ,
(triggers), INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
.
, .
(~

, SQL Server 2000 . SQL Server
(, ).
SQL Server 2000 .
, ,
- . , , , .
, Msmerge_contents Msmerge_tombstone INSERT,

UPDATE DELETE.
ROWGUID, .
. ,
.
, , . (
), (SCH) (IDX) Snapshot
Agent, .
(~~
|* .
14.
611
Merge Agent .
,
.
Merge Agent , (push replication), , (pull replication).

.
, . , .
CD-ROM DVD ,
, .
, , u m q u e i d e n t i f i e r ROWGUIDCOL. ,
.
, . ,
, .
.
.

. Msmergecontents.
ROWGUID, . , , TABLENICK. GENERATION
, . , Msmergecontents
, .
Msmergecontents. Msmerge_contents .
, ,
,
612
III.
(merge) . , Merge Agent D i s t r i b u t i o n .

, . (
), Merge Agent ,
,
. .
. Merge Agent
, ""
. , . , 100- .
, , .
.
,
( GENERATION) (
LINEAGE COLVI). .

,
.
"", Merge Agent
. , , .
SQL Server 2000 , ,

,
. , .
, SQL Server 7.0. SQL Server 2000
. ,
, . ,
, Microsoft SQL Server 2000.
:
,-.
14.
613
Microsoft SQL Server Additive Conflict Resolver

. , , ;
Microsoft SQL Server Averaging Conflict Resolver .
;
Microsoft SQL Server DATETIME (Earlier Wins) Conflict Resolver (datetime smalldatetime). , ;
Microsoft SQL Server DATETIME (Later Wins) Conflict Resolver
(datetime smalldatetime). , ;
Microsoft SQL Server Maximum Conflict Resolver
. ,
;
Microsoft SQL Server Merge Text Conflict Resolver . ,
;
Microsoft SQL Server Minimum Conflict Resolver
. , ;
Microsoft SQL Server Subscriber Always Wins Conflict Resolver ,
. , , .
, .
,
. .
,
.
,
, .
, .
, , :
Subscription cleanup at the Publisher;
History cleanup at the Distributor.
614
III.

SQL Server 7.0
. , . . - , . .,
( ).
.
. SQL
Server 7.0. SQL Server ,
:
(Merge Replication);
(Immediately-Updating Subscribers).
-
.
. , , .
, , . ,
. ,
, ( ) , .
,
. , ,
. .

.
SQL Server 7.0 ,
, . ,
, . -,
, .

. , -
14.
615
, . ,
.
, .

,
. ,
( )
.
SQL Server 2000 . SQL Server 2000
. (Queue Updating),

. (queue). , . . ,
. , .
, . ,
.
. , .

. , , , .
, , .
ROWGUIDCOL.
. " " .

, , .
616
III.
,
.
, , , . , .
.
,

(immediate updating subscribers). ,
SQL Server 7.0 , ,
.

. ,
. ,
.

(2, two-phase commit protocol),
,
. 2 (MSDTC, Microsoft Distributed Transactional Coordinator)
(distributed transactions).
,
. , ,
,
, . , , . .
, SQL
Server 2000 .
,
. ,
.
. .
14.
617
, ,
. . .
, ,
.
, , .
. , ,
, .
.
. . 14.15 , .
. 14.15.
, , SQL Server 2000 . tiniestamp. ,
, . timestamp .
618
III.
timestamp " ".

, timestamp, .
.
timestamp, . . , .
, (triggers), , INSERT,
UPDATE DELETE. ,
, .
(MSDTC), 2.
,
,
. .
.
, , .
, timestamp ,
. ,
timestamp
.
, .
.
timestamp,
. ,
, . , , , , .

(constraints) (rules). , .
, . . timestamp
. .
14.
619
. timestamp , . ,
,
.
,
. ,
.
(MSDTC), .
. . , , .
, . .
(2). , , .
, Log Reader Agent D i s t r i b u t i o n ,
. , , , ,
. .
, , ,
. .

SQL Server 2000 , ,
:
,
, timestamp.
,
. ,
( ), , timestamp .
620
____
III.
INSERT . , .
, . .
.
SQL Server 2000 . , SQL Server 2000
time stamp.
, . .
. ,
,
,
.

timestamp. , IDENTITY.
.
t e x t image, .
.

, SQL Server 2000 ,
.
, . , , . ,
, .

. ,
.

^
.
SQL Server 7.0. SQL Server 2000
14.
621
(Queue Updating), ,
,
.
. 14.16 .
. 14.16.
, . . ,
.
, ,
, .
; , .
(queue). -
622
III.
, . .
, .
-
, .

, ,
.
.
. . . , , . ,

.
. ,
. , . ,
,
.
,
. ,
.
, . SQL Server 2000 , . ,

:
Microsoft Message Queue. , . . ,
, , , , . , Microsoft SQL Server 2000 queue, Microsoft Message Queuing
2.. , . .
SQL Server 2000,
. -
14.
623
SQL Server. To
SQL Server 2000, .
Microsoft Message Queue
Message Queue , , Queue Reader Agent.
SQL Server. -
SQL Server 2000 MSRepiication_queue,
. , . . , SQL Server 2000 Windows 98/NT/2000.
MSReplicationqueue Queue Reader Agent,
. sp_sqlqmon. ,
.
. SQL Server
,
, .
, , ,
. . , , , .
DELETE, INSERT
UPDATE.
. . .
(
,
NOT FOR REPLICATION, . ,
, .
,
. ,
01
9 11
624
III.
,
. ,
. , , UPDATE, DELETE INSERT. ,
.
, . , .
Microsoft , Queue Reader Agent.

, . ,
. , , .
,
. -,
, . ROWGUIDCOL,
. ROWGUIDCOL u n i q u e i d e n t i f i e r .

NEW (). ,
(GUID, Global Unique Identifier). , ROWGUIDCOL ,
. GUID, .

Queue Reader Agent, ,
GUID. , , , . .
. , , . .
;
Queue Reader Agent .
,
, . , GU1D ,
? , -
14.
625
GUID, .
GUID .
Queue Reader Agent
,
. .
, . , (winner)
(loser). ( ) , . :
Reinitialize Subscriber. .
,
.
, . ,
,
. ,
Distributor Agent.
Publisher wins.
. , , . , Queue Reader Agent , ,
,
.
Subscriber wins. . ,
. .
.
, , .

.

, . ,
SQL Server 2000
. -
626
III.
.
.
, . :
"--". ,
. ,
.
"--" . , .
, , .
"--". .
(DSS, Decision
Support Systems). , , , . , . .
.
"--".
, . "--"
,
. , .
.
SQL Server 2000
. , , .
,
.
. .

, ,
.

, , , , . SQL Server 2000 :
14.
327
....,,,.
Enterprise Manager;
.
,
. ,

.
Enterprise Manager
, . , . ,
.
. .
,
Enterprise Manager
.
,
Enterprise Manager. , . Enterprise Manager,
, Enterprise Manager. To
. , ,
.
>

. Enterprise Manager.
.
-.-.-
,:,
. '.f-nV

. , . ~
, . , ,, .;>
628
III.

, , . , . . , .
.
, . , . .
,
, .
, . , , . SQL Server 2000
.
, ,
Configure Publishing and Distribution Wizard.
, , . .
Enterprise
Manager .

Select Wizard (. 14.17) Replication Configure Publishing and Distribution Wizard.
Select Wizard
Run a wizard,
Enterprise Manager.

,

. ,
( )
.
14.
629
Configure Publishing and Distribution Wizard , , ,

, . .
Select Distributor (. 14.18) ,
, SQL Server 2000,
.
. 14.18. Select Distributor

Configure Publishing and Distribution Wizard
,
:
Make 'ServerName' its own Distributor; SQL Server will create a distribution database and log1.
, SQL
Server 2000, . ,
. , . ;
Use the following server, which has already been configured as a Distributor.
, ,
1
'ServerName' . .
III.
. . , ,
. , .
SQL Server 2000,
Enterprise Manager. , .
. Add Server,
.
. " " 10.
. . .
.
Customize the Configuration (. 14. i 9)
, :
Yes, let me set the distribution database properties, enable Publishers, or set the
publishing settings. ,
, . ,

. , . , ,
. , (
) .
/'No; use the following default settings. ' ' , , .

D i s t r i b u t i o n , ,
(, , .
, , ,
. .
, ^ , . .
.
14.
631
. 14.19. Customize the Configuration

Provide Distribution Database Information (. 14.20), "

". , :
Distribution database name. ,
. ,
d i s t r i b u t i o n . . ,
.
Folder for the distribution database file. i ,
, (mdf ndf)
. , , Browse for Folder,
^ J ,
;
.
Folder for the distribution database log file.
.
;
>
,
()
.
.
. ;
.,-. '.-.
632
III.
. 14.20. Provide Distribution Database Information

. 1 4 . 2 1 . Enable Publishers
, ,
, Enable Pub-
633
14.
Ushers (. 14.21), , .
Registered servers, . Publishers .
, . Distribution DB
, . ,
. ,
.
...!, Publisher "Properties
(. 14.22).
. 14.22. Publisher
Properties
STORAGE
, :
Name. -.
.
Distribution database. ,
. -
634
III.
, . .
Snapshot folder. ,
, Snapshot Agent.
\Program Files\Microsoft SQL
Server\MSSQL\ReplData. , .
.
,
, ,
, :
Impersonate the SQL Server Agent account on 'ServerName' (trusted connection).
Windows NT. To
, SQLServerAgent. ,
,
SQLServerAgent, . Windows NT.
""")
, ,
SQLServerAgent
( ).
.
Use SQL Server Authentication.

SQL Server. , :
_.. Login , ...... . , ,
;
Password , ;
* Confirm password .
.
;, Enable Publishers (. . 14.21).
:
Enable All",
- 6- 1 ;
635
14.
Enable None ;
New .
.
Enable Publishers . Enable Publication Databases (. 14.23).
( . . ), .
. 14.23. Enable Publication Databases

: '
, . ,
. Databases, , . :
Trans
, ;
Merge .
Transactional Merge,
( Enable All),
( Enable None), , Trans Merge:
636
III.
, , . , , , .
Enable Subscribers (. 14.24), ,
. , , . .
^ 1 ,
SubscribersTrroperties (. 14.25).
. 14.24. Enable Subscribers

, . General
Description, , . . (
Impersonate the SQL Server Agent account on 'ServerName' (trusted connection))
Windows NT,
SQLServerAgent. SQL Server ( Use SQL
Server Authentication). ( Login name)
( Password Confirm password) .
637
14.
. 14.25. Subscriber
Properties, General
Schedules (. 14.26),
. .
Distribution Agent,
Merge, Agent.
( Continuously),
( At the following scheduled times).
. Edit
Recurring Job Schedule.
,
, , .
. Finish .
, ,
Enterprise Manager - Replication Monitor
Group,
, , ,
. , , ,
Publications, , . , ,
.
III.
638
. 14.26. Subscriber
Properties, Schedules

.
. , , . , ,
.
, . , , .
, . ,
Configure Publishing and Distribution Wizard. Publisher and
Distributor Properties (. 14.27).
Replication Monitor Group. Distributor Properties.
III.
640
, .
Databases Properties. Distribution Database Properties (. 14.28).
. 14.28. Distribution
Database Properties
Name, . ,
.
, .
,
. , Enterprise Manager - Management\SQL Server AgentUobs .
Transaction retention,
.
. At least .
.
14.
641
, .
,
. , .
.
But not more than . , , . ,
,
. .
72 .
,
. 10
,
.
48 .
.
, , . , ,
.

, .
.
, Distributor (. . 14.27).
Agent Profiles, Agent
Profiles (. 14.29). . , ,
.
Distribution, , , Distribution Agent.
.
,
. (Profile) . .

642
III.
. System. User. , . .
. 14.29. Agent Profiles

, . View Details (
Modify, ),
. Replication Agent Profile Details.
,
. , . . . .
. Description (. . 14.29).
(. . 14.27).
Distributor Publishers (. 14.30).
Publishers Enable
Publishers Configure Publishing and Distribution Wizard (. . 14.21).
, Publishers -
643
14.

. Servers.
, ,
, .
,
.
. 14.30. Publisher
and Distributor Properties,
Publishers
, . Publisher Properties,
^ | .
(. . 14.22).
Publishers .
Publication Databases (. 14.31) .
, .
Trails Merge, ( )
. . ,
Enable Publication Databases
Configure Publishing and Distribution Wizard (. . 14,23);
III.
644
. 14.31. Publisher
Publication Databases
, Subscribers (. 14.32).
, ,
Enable Subscribers (. . 14.24). ,
, .
Subscribers , , .
, .
, Subscribers
.
.
Subscriber Properties,
jgj, .

(. . 14.25).

.
645
14.
. 14.32. Publisher
Subscribers

,
. , ,
.
.
, , . ,
, . , , ,
.
Disable
Publishing and Distribution Wizard. , , Select Wizard (. . 14.17).
.
, . ,
, ,
. , Next.
646
III.
(. 14.33)
.
.
, . ,
. , . , Finish. , , ,
, - Finish.
. 14.33. Disable Publishing and Distribution Wizard
,
.
,
. , (, ) , u n i q u e i d e n t i f i e r timestamp.

, , . -
14.
647
. , . .
. , .
, ,
.

, .
, , , . :
;
;
.

:
;
.
, , . .
Create Publication
Wizard. , .
Select Wizard (. . 14.17)
, , (. 14.34). , ,
,
, . Databases and publications , , Create Publication.
Create Publication Wizard.
Create Publication Wizard ,
Show advanced options in this wizard, ,
(advanced) . -
648
III.
, .
. 14.34.
, Choose Publication Database, ,
.
Northwind.
,
, Select Publication Type (. 14.35).
,
. , :
Snapshot publication ;
Transactional publication ;
G Merge publication .

, . ,
,
.
, Select Publication Type
, Next.
, Specify Subscriber Types (. 14.36),
.
,
:
14.
649
Servers running SQL Server 2000 SQL Server 2000;

Servers running SQL Server version 7.0 SQL Server 7.0;
L"J Heterogeneous data sources, such as Oracle or Microsoft Access, or devices running SQL Server for Windows ,
SQL Server 2000 SQL Server 7.0. Oracle,
SQL Server 6.x.
. 14.35. Select Publication Type Create Publication Wizard
. 14.36. Specify Subscriber Types Create Publication Wizard
650
III.
,
SQL Server 2000. SQL Server 7.0
,
. , SQL
Server 2000. .

, Specify Articles
(. 14.37). , .
,
.
. 14.37. Specify Articles Create Publication Wizard
SQL Server 7.0, ,

(Tables),
(Stored procedures), (Views) (User-defined functions). . ,
Server running SQL Server version 7.0
.
14.
651
,
. . . , Shove
. Publish All
.
Show unpublished objects .

, , .
. ,
\%1, .
.
,
. Article Defaults
.
, .
, ,
Article Issues (. 14.S8).
. ,
.
, . ,
, .
. ,
.
, , .
Article Issues
, Select Publication Name and Description
(. 14.39). ,
, . Publication name.
, ,
652
III.
. Publication
description. ,
, -, .
.
. 14.38. Article Issues Create Publication Wizard
. 14.39. Select Publication Name and Description Create Publication Wizard
14.
653
, List this
publication in the Active Directory, .
, Active Directory. ,
-, .
Customize the Properties of the Publication (. 14.40).
( , . .). ,
:
Yes, I will define data filters, enable anonymous subscriptios, or customize other
properties. , .
, .
. 14.40. Customize the Properties of the Publication

No, create the publication as specified. .

,
, ,
.
,
III.
654
. ,
, Snapshot Agent
23:30. .
. .
.

. ,
.
, , Filter Data
(. 14.41),
( ) . , :
D Vertically, by filtering the columns of published data.

, . .
, ;
. 14.41. Filter Data Create Publication Wizard
14.
___^_
655
Horizontally, by filtering the rows of published data.

,
. , .
.
, ( , )
, . , , .
,
. , ,
.
, Filter Data
, Filter Table Columns (. 14.42).
, .
, . , , . ,
.
. , . , - (, ), ' .
.
, , Enable Dynamic Filters (. 14.43).
( Yes, enable dynamic filters) (No, use
static filters) .

, , . , ,
.

.
, , 2 2 . 1207
656
III.
. , .

(dynamic snapshot).
. 14.42. Filter Table Columns Create Publication Wizard
. 14.43. Enable Dynamic Filters Create Publication Wizard
14.
657
,
Create Dynamic Snapshot Work . .
SQL
Server 2000, , .
, Generate Filters Automatically
(. 14.44), (extend filter),
. Table to filter ,
.
None do not extend filter, . ,
. SELECT, . WHERE. ,

, .
. 14.44. Generate Filters Automatically

22*
III.
658
SELECT, WHERE, 29. ,

, .
OR AND.
, .
, Generate Filters Automatically ,
Filter Table Rows (. 14.45),
. ,
. ,
.
( Table) ( Owner) ,
( Article). , Filter Clause ,
SELECT, WHERE. ,
<11 rows published>
, .
. 14.45. Filter Table Rows Create Publication Wizard

Specify Filter (. 14.46), ,, |,
.
14.
659
. 14.46. Specify Filter

Table to filter Specify Filter ,
. Article name
, . . ,
SELECT,
. ,
WHERE. , , ,
.
. ,
,
.
SOSERSNAME () HOST_NAME (), , ,
.
, SELECT
, .
.
, , .
HOST_NAME ( ) , , , SUSER_SNAME ?
III.
660
, . , . , Windows NT, SQL Server.

, Employees :
SELECT <published__columns> FROM [dbo] . [Employees]
WHERE T i t l e O f C o u r t e s y = ' M r . '
<published_coiumns> ,
Filter Table Columns (. . 14.42). WHERE TitieOfCourtesy = 'Mr.',
,
TitleOfCourtesy ..
Filter Table Rows (. . 14.45).
,
. . .
FOREIGN KEY.
JOIN SELECT. 29.

, , .
:
Filtered Table ,
. PRIMARY KEY ( );
Table to Filter ,
FOREIGN KEY ( );
JOIN Filter Clause ,
. table2.fk.ey = tablel.pr.key,
,
, AND OR.
Specify JOIN,
Specify Filter (. . 14.46).
Specify JOIN
.
,
Validate
formation (. 14.47).
,
,
Subscriber In
-
14.
661
. Yes, validate Subscriber information .

, . ,
, . .
. 14.47. Validate Subscriber Information Create Publication Wizard

, No, do not validate Subscriber information. ,
.
Optimize Synchronization. , ( Yes, minimize the amount of data), (No, do not minimize the amount of data) .
(Allow Anonymous Subscriptions), .
,
:
Yes, allow anonymous subscriptions. , .
662
III.
No, allow only named subscriptions. ,

.
, Set Snapshot Agent Schedule, Snapshot Agent,
.
23:30 , . Change
Edit Recurring Job Schedule,
Snapshot Agent, .

, Create the first snapshot immediately.
. . . ,
Finish. . , .
Finish
. . , Publication Properties.
.

,
, , ,
. , ,
. ,
, ,
. ,
, . Snapshot Agent
,
Merge Agent.
,

, , -
14.
663
. ,
, . , , , .
,
, . .
,
"" .
SQL Server 2000 .
(dynamic snapshot), , . , , ,
. ,
.

.
.
, .
Create Dynamic Snapshot Wizard, , ,
.
. ,

.
,
.
Create Dynamic Snapshot Wizard
Publications , ,

Create Dynamic Snapshot Job (. 14.48), Create Dynamic Snapshot Wizard.
~^
Create Dynamic Snapshot Wizard/

,
. , ,
, Snapshot Agent.
, ,
. , , -
III.
664
, . ,
, Jobs, ManagemenftSQL Server Agent, REPL-Snapshot. Status Last Run Status , ,
( ) .
. 14.48. Publications
Create Dynamic Snapshot Wizard . ,
.
, .
, Specify Filter Values (. 14.49), ,
HOST_NAME () SOSER_SNAME (). , . ,
WHERE RowOwner=HosT_NAME (),
STORAGE, TO
:
SELECT--< > FROM. < > WHERE RowOwner = 'STORAGE'
665
14.
. 14.49. Specify Filter Values Create Dynamic Snapshot Wizard
STORAGE. . , ,

.
.
, , .
,
.
,
(. 14.50). , Specify Snapshot
File Location, ,
.
, , (
). Merge Agent
.
. , -
666
III.
. ,
, .
. 14.50. Specify Snapshot File Location

Create Dynamic Snapshot Wizard
. 14.51. Set Job Schedule Create Dynamic Snapshot Wizard
14.
667
, Set Job Schedule

(. 14.51) Snapshot
Agent
. , Create Dynamic Snapshot Wizard
SQLServerAgent, Snapshot
Agent , . ,
, , .
, , , :
Run the job on the following schedule. . ,
Snapshot Agent 23:49. Change
Edit Recurring Job Schedule, . ,
, , .
Run the job on demand only.
. Managem e n t SQL Server Agent\Jobs .
, ,
.
Create the first snapshot immediately, Snapshot Agent
.
, ,
Specify Job Name, ,
.
Management SQL Server Agent\Jobs
. ,
, '_Dynamic\ ,

.
. .

. ,
Finish ,
( ), .
III.
668
,
33 200 . . 14.52
DynSnap5,
. .
, Wstorage\snapshot$\Dynsnap5, Specify Snapshot File Location (. . 14.50),

C:\Tmp\Dynsnap5. \\storage\snapshot$ C:\Tmp.
. 14.52.
, ,
ReplData. , . , -
14,
669
This is a snapshot for a dynamically filtered subscription.

.

.
,
, .
,
.

Publication
Properties (. 14.53). , ,
.
General . ,
:
Name. , .
,
.
Database. , , .
, .
Description. .
, .
( , ).
List this publication in the Active Directory. Active Directory, , -, .
Subscription expiration.
, :
Subscriptions expire and are dropped if not synchronized in the following

number of days
, , . ,
.
670
III.
, .
.
.
Subscriptions never expire ,
, .
, Articles.
. 1 4 . 5 3 . G e n e r a l

Articles (. 14.54) , . .
,
. , ,

. Show,
,

.
14.
671
. 14.54. Articles
. Publish All. , .
Show unpublished objects,
,
. , .

-. , , ,
.
. .
, , ,
. ,
. Article Defaults
Articles. Default Article Type (. 14.55), -
672
III.
. . , . 14.56 Default View Article Properties .

.
. 14.55. Default Article Type
. 14.56. Default View

Article Properties

,
. ,
. ,
. Show unpublished objects
Articles (. . 14.54), -
673
14.
pa . ,
Orders. , orders, . , .
Table Article Properties (, j4.57) ,
, . ..
. , General Snapshot,
, , . ;>
, ;
.
. 14.57. Table Article

Properties, Genera!
, General (. 14.57):
Name - .
, .
Description . ( , ).
Source table owner. , ,
, .
674
III.
Source table name. ,

.

.
Destination table owner. , , ,
. ,
.
,
. , dbo , . .
.

Destination table name,
, .
.
When merging changes from different sources. , , :

Treat changes to the same row as a conflict

. ,
. , . .
, .
Treat changes to the same column as a conflict (changes to different columns in
the same row will be merged)
, . . Merge Agent
, .
, Snapshot.
Snapshot (. 14.58), ,
. .
,
,
. :
14.
675
Keep the existing table unchanged. .

DROP the existing table and re-create it.
,
, . , , , .
Delete data in the existing table that matches the row filter statement. , . ,
, .
, .
Delete all data in the existing table. .

Properties, Snapshot
. , , , , . , ,
,
III.
, ,
. .
,
, , :
Include declared referential integrity. , FOREIGN KEY
( ). ,
, .
Clustered indexes.
, , .
Nonclustered indexes. .
User triggers. ,
.
Extended properties.
, . , ,
.
Collation. , .'
. ,
, , .
,
Convert aser-defmed to base data types. Snapshot Agent , ,
(LJDDT, user-defined data types),
.
,
,
.
Snapshot ,
Resolver (. 14.59),
. ,
. ,
:
14.
677
Use the default resolver.

,
.
SQL Server 7.0.
Use this custom resolver (registred at the Distributor).

. ,
. SQL
Server 2000
. " " . , , .
.
Microsoft SQL Server Stored Procedure Resolver Enter information
needed by the resolver .

Properties, Resolver

, ( ) . ,
,
.
III.
678
, . .
Identity Range (. 14.60), - (
IDENTITY) . . -,
, ,
- . ,
.
. - -
( SQL
Server 2000), .

Properties, Identity
Range
- 21.

, ,
. . - ,
. Identity Range -
14.
679
,
-.
(~
, Identity Range
, -.
(. . 14.60) ,
-. ,
.

:
Maximum identity value.
-. ,
.
-
t i n y i n t ( 0 255), s m a l l i n t (
-32 768 32 767), int ( -2 147 483 648 2 147 483 647) b i g i n t
( -9 223 372 036 854 775 808 9 223 372 036 854 775 807).
Next range starting value. ,
.
.
Identity increment -. 1 .
Range size at Publisher , .
Range size at Subscribers , .
Assign a new range when this percentage of values is used. ,
, .
Identity Range . ,

-.
.

Merging Changes (. 14.61).
Check permissions,
III.
680
Merge Agent .
, . ,
,
.
. , , .
:
INSERT ;
UPDATE ;
DELETE .

Properties, Merging
Changes
,
,
.
,
.
UPDATE, .
,
.
.
14.
681

, Articles
. , . Filter Columns
Filter Columns (. 14.62) ,
, . , . ,
. , ,
. , . ,
. .
. 14.62. Filter Columns

,
, . ,
, ,
ROWGUIDCOL.
Add Column to Table Drop
Selected Column, , , -
682
III.
.
( ),
.
Add Column to Table Add Column to Replicated Table (. 14.63),
. Table, , .
Column name,
Column definition (excliding the column name). ( <data_type>), .
. 21.
. 14.63. Add
Column to Replicated Table
Include this column in the following publications, , .

,
, , ,
. , , .
14.
683
Filter Rows
(. 14.64). ,
. Filter
Clause. Specify Filter
(. . 14.46), ,
Filter Rows , . " " . .
. 14.64. Filter Rows

, , Subscriptions
(. 14.65), ,
.
,
.
Push New,
Push Subscription Wizard,
.
684
III.
. 14.65. Subscriptions
,
:
Properties , ;
Delete ;
Reinitialize , ;
Reinitialize ;
View Conflicts .

.
Subscriptions,
. , :
Subscription Name ;
: (Push) (Pull);
Priority .
14.
685

, Subscription Options (. 14.66) .
. 14.66. Subscription Options

, :
Allow pull subscriptions. . :
Allow anonymous subscriptions .
Allow new subscriptions to be created by attaching a copy of a subscription database. (attaching)
.

.
Centralize conflicting reporting at the Publisher
.
686
III.
Allow partitioning through dynamic filters. ,

. , .
Before merging, validate Subscribers with this expression.
WHERE,
. , , .
, .
Minimize network traffic by increasing the storage requirements at the Publisher.
, . .

, , Snapshot
(. 14.67). , Merge Agent
.
. 14.67. Snapshot
14.
687
, Snapshot
format, ,
:
Native SQL Server format all Subscribers must be servers running SQL Server.
(native) , .
Character mode format supports heterogeneous Subscribers and data transformations using DTS.
, (Oracle, SQL Server 6.x, SQL Server 2000 . .).
, , Transact-SQL,
( )
( ) .

Snapshot Location (. 14.68) ,
.
. 14.68. Snapshot Location

23
.1207
88
III.
SQL Server , . SQL

Server 2000 . , , FTP.
, Snapshot Location:
Generate snapshots in the normal snapshot folder. , Program Files\Micsoroft SQL
Server\MSSQL\ReplData. , . , .
, . .
Generate snapshots in the following location.
, ,
. :
Folder , . , ;
Compress the snapshot files in this location ,

.
;
Subscribers can access this folder using FTP (File Transfer Protocol) ,
FTP.

, FTP:
FTP server name FTP, .
, , Folder,
FTP.
Port , FTP;
Client path to this folder from the FTP root
FTP, .
;
14.
689
Login ,
;
Password , ;
Confirm Password .
, Snapshot Location.
.

Publication Access List (. 14.69).
.
. 14.69. Publication Access List

, , . , ,
, ,
, .
Add,
SQL Server Enterprise Manager,
23*
690
III.
, .
.

Sync Partners (. 14.70)
. , .
.
. ,
,
.
SQL Server 2000
, , .
Sync Partners.
. 14.70. Sync Partners
.
,
. . -
14.
691
. , .

, , Status
(. 14.71). Snapshot Agent
SQLServerAgent.
. 14.71. Status
Last run Next run
Snapshot Agent. Snapshot Agent , Run Agent Now. Agent Profiles ,
Agent Profiles. Explore Snapshot
(. 14.72).
, Explore The Last Snapshot Folder.
, , . , -
III.
692
,
.
. 14.72.
, . SQLServerAgent, .
Status , , .

Start Service, .
Refresh Status
.

, , .
, . , , -
14.
693
Publications
.. Delete. .
, .
, .
,
. , .
.

,
.
,
.
.
. ,
,
. ,
, , , .
, .
, .
,
Create Publication Wizard.
(Push Subscription), (Pull Subscription).

, , . . ,
.
, .
. ,
Merge Agent
,
, ,
, .
III.
694
Push
Subscription Wizard, .
Select Wizard,
Run a wizard, Enterprise Manager. .
Subscriptions (. . 14.84),
Push New.
, Push New Subscriptions. Action Enterprise Manager
.
, Select Wizard Create and Manage Publications (. 14.73).
,
, .
Push New Subscription.
, Create and Manage Publications

Properties, . Create and Manage Publications Tools, Replication, Create and
Manage Publications.
. 14.73. Create and Manage Publications

, , ( ).
, . , -
14.
695
. , , .
, , , Choose Subscribers (. 14.74).
-
. 14.74. Choose Subscribers Push Subscription Wizard
,
.
, , <Ctrl> <Shift>, . .
, , , Choose Destination Database (. 14.75).
,
. ,
.
. , Browse Databases
(. 14.76), . Browse or Create.
,
Browse or Create . ,
. .
696
III.
,
Choose Destination Database, , .
. 14.75. Choose Destination Database

Push Subscription Wizard
. 14.76. Browse
Databases
, Browse Databases Database Properties (. 14.77), Create
New.
, 20.
14.
697
. 14.77. Database Properties

Choose Destination Database (. . 14.75).
,
, .
,
Push Subscription Wizard .
, .
Northwind, , , .
Set Merge Agent Location (. 14.78) Merge Agent.
Merge Agent
, SQL Server 2000
, .
, :
Run the agent at the Distributor , SQL Server 7.0.
Run the agent at the Subscribers (administration will still be performed at the Publisher and Distributor).
698
III.
.
,
, .
Merge Agent . .
: Network computer name of
Subscriber NetBIOS . SQL Server 2000.
. 14.78. Set Merge Agent Location Push Subscription Wizard

Merge Agent , .
.

Merge Agent, Set Merge Agent Schedule (. 14.79) . ,
,
:
Continuously provides minimal latency between when an action occurs at the
Publisher and is propagated to the Subscriber. . ,
699
14.
. , Merge Agent.
Using the following schedule.
. ,
. . .
. , Edit Recurring Job
Schedule, Change.
. 14.79. Set Merge Agent Schedule Push Subscription Wizard
(~
, SQLServerAgent. , , Merge
Agent. ,
, .
12.
Merge Agent,
Initialize Subscription (. 14.80),
700
III.
, :
Yes, initialize the schema and data.
, . , , :
Start the Merge Agent to initialize the subscription immediately
,
.
Merge Agent.
No, the Subscriber already has the schema and data. , , . . ( -
).
. 14.80. Initialize Subscription Push Subscription Wizard

.
, , . . ,
.
,
( ) .
14.
701
Northwind ,
(, ), ,
, .
, Set Subscription
Priority (. 14.81), . . ( Use the priority setting of the Publisher to resolve the conflict),
( Use the following priority, between
zero (lost) and 99.99 (highest), to resolve the conflict). ,
. 75, 0 99.
0 100, 100 .
. 1 4 . 8 1 . Set Subscription Priority Push Subscription Wizard
, . , , .
702
III.
, .
.
Start Required Services (. 14.82) SQLServerAgent, , , . ,
SQLServerAgent ( )
Finish .
Status.
Initialize Subscription
,
SQLServerAgent .
. 14.82. Start Required Services Push Subscription Wizard
. . . Finish
.
, .
14.
703

, , . , , . ,
, .
,
,
.
Pull
Subscription Wizard,
. ,

.
.
Pull Subscription Wizard ,

.
Look for Publications (. 14.83)
, ,
:
Look at publications from registered servers.
.
Look at publications in the Active Directory or specify publication information, this
option is for Publisher running SQL Server 2000 or later. Active
Directory. ,
, Active
Directory. , Active Directory
SQL Server 2000, Windows 2000 Active Directory.
, .
Choose Publication , . 14.84.
,
.
, , , . , .
,
Register Server.
704
III.
. 14.83. Look for Publications Pull Subscription Wizard
. 14.84. Choose Publication Pull Subscription Wizard

,
, Specify Synchronization Agent Login
(. 14.85). ,
14.
70S
Merge Agent . , SQLServerAgent

( Impersonated the SQL Server Agent account),
SQL Server,
( Use SQL Server Authentication).
( Login) ( Password Confirm
password) .
. 14.85. Specify Synchronization Agent Login

Pull Subscription Wizard
Choose Destination Database , . , Northwind,

, chair. ,
, . New.
Allow Anonymous Subscription (. 14.86) ,

. , , .
,
.
No, this a named subscription.
706
III.
. 14.86. Allow Anonymous Subscription Pull Subscription Wizard
. 14.87. Initialize Subscription Pull Subscription Wizard
'
Initialize Subscription (. 14.87) ,

. ,
, , .
14.
707
Yes, initialize the schema and data.

, ,
Merge Agent.
, Snapshot Delivery (. 14.88).
, . , :
Use snapshot files from the default snapshot folder for this publication.
ReplData, .
Use snapshot files from the following folder.
, . , .
Snapshot Agent , .
, This snapshot is for a dynamically filtered subscription.
. 14.88. Snapshot Delivery Pull Subscription Wizard

, . "
708
III.
" . ,
C:\Tmp\DynSnap5.
Set Merge Agent Schedule (. 14.89), Merge Agent,
.
:
Continuously provides minimal latency between when an action occurs at the
Publisher and is propagated to the Subscriber. Merge Agent . .
Using the following schedule. .
On demand only -- you can synchronize this subscription using SQL Server Enterprise Manager or the Windows Synchronization Manager.
. , .
Merge Agent , .
. 14.89. Set Merge Agent Schedule Pull Subscription Wizard

,
,
14.
709
. Set Subscription Priority

(. 14.90). (.
. 14.81). , , 75.
. 1 4 . 9 0 . S e t S u b s c r i p t i o n P r i o r i t y Pull Subscription Wizard
. 14.91. Start Required Services Pull Subscription Wizard
710
III.
Start Required Services (. 14.91) SQLServerAgent. , SQLServerAgent Finish

. Status .
SQLServerAgent
, Configure SQL Server Agent (. 14.92).
SQLServerAgent
. . SQLServerAgent , .
. 14.92. Configure SQL Server Agent Pull Subscription Wizard
.
. Finish
.

.
. , .
14.
711
. Subscriptions (. 14.93) .
.
, ,
. .
. 14.93. Subscriptions
, , . , . , Subscriptions Properties. .
(Pull).
.
,
. .
(. 14.94).
. General

.
712
III.
. 14.94.
,
General
. 14.95.
,
Synchronization
14.
713
Synchronization (. 14.95). ,
,
Merge Agen :
At the Distributor ;
At the Subscriber . , SQL
Server 2000-. Verify Agent
.
. ,
, .
- Replications\Subscriptions (. 14.96) ( Pull ).
. 14.96. Replications\Subscriptions
Pull Subscription Properties (. 14.97)
Properties
. .
714
III.
. 14.97.
,
General
General
, . , Synchronization (. 14.98).
Synchronization , Merge Agent. Agent Properties View Conflicts. Merge Agent.
, SQLServerAgent, Merge Agent.
. " "
.
View Conflicts Microsoft Replication Conflict Viewer.
.
.
, Synchronization. Enable synchronization using Windows Synchronization Manager. ,
,
Enterprise Manager. .
14.
715
. 14.98.
,
Synchronization

Programs (), Accessories Syncronize.
On-demand synchronization, :
Resolve conflicts automatically.
.
Resolve conflicts interactively (articles must support interactive resolution).

Microsoft Replication Conflict Viewer.
, . , ,
.
Synchronization Merge Agent Location,
Merge Agent:
Run the agent at the Subscriber ;
716
III.
Run the agent at the Distributor .

Network machine name of Distributor
-.
Synchronization Security (. 14.99).
, . ,
, Merge
Agent .
. 14.99.
,
Security
, Distributor login Publisher login, , ,
. ,
:
Impersonate the SQL Server Agent account on 'ServerName' (trusted connection).
Windows NT.
Merge Agent , , SQLServerAgent.
, SQLServerAgent
.
717
14.
Use SQL Server Authentication. SQL Server.

.
, . ,
Use the same login as for the Distributor. , .
Snapshot File Location (. 14.100).
.
. 14.100.
,
Snapshot File Location
, ,
:
Get the snapshot from the Publisher's normal snapshot folder. ReplData, .
Get the snapshot from the following folder. , . Folder. ,
. -
718
III.
, This is a snapshot for a dynamically

filtered subscription.
Download the snapshot using FTP (File Transfer Protocol). FTP.
, Snapshot Agent .
FTP, . ,
Snapshot Location
(. . 14.68).
Folder. , . ,
, . . .

,
.
. . ,
Enterprise Manager Delete.
.

, .

. , ,
. -
15

,
. ,
, , , . .
. , . ,
.
. , .
.
, ,
, , , ,
.

. . . , . , .
. .
,
. , -.
,
. ,
. , .
SQL Server 2000 , .
, 24 3*1207
'
720
III.
. .
.
(bottlenecks)
. .
,
.
. , ,
.
,
, ,
, . .
, RAID SCSI, 130 ,
128 , . - ,
.
.
.
,
,
/.
, . ,
.
.
.
, . ,
, . . . ,
, "" .
, .

. ,
:
15.
721_
.
.
:
Performance Monitor;
Task Manager;
Event Viewer;
Simple Network Management Protocol, SNMP.
SQL Server 2000 .

.
SQL Server 2000 :
SQL Server Profiler;
Enterprise Manager;
Transact-SQL.
. , , . , ,
, 1205,
, (deadlocks).
. , . ,
, .

, , ,
. ,
, , .
. . ,
, .
, , .
Performance Monitor, ,
, , '
. | . ,
, , SQL Server Profiler.
24*
722
III.
Performance Monitor
Performance.
Windows 2000
, . ,
Performance .
.
. ,
. , .
(~
Performance Windows NT 4.0

Performance Windows 2000 , Performance Monitor Windows NT 4.0. Performance Monitor.
Performance Monitor
(counters). , . ,
, , .
, .

.
Performance Monitor
(objects), . ,
, Microsoft SQL Server 2000,
. , . , , , . .,
, , , . .
. ,
.
(instances).
.
,
Performance Monitor .
15.
723
, . ,
Performance Monitor. ,
, .
.
, . Performance Monitor.
SQL Server 2000. , . , . .
64 , , . , SQL Server 2000, SQL Server 2000. . 15.1 , SQL Server 2000.
IS. 1. SQL Server 2000
. 15.1 , SQL
Server 2000. ,
SQL Server 2000.
, . . . , SQL Server: User Settable Object.
, .
SQL Server User Settable Object 10 , User Counter 1
User Counter 10.
, . sp_user_counteri
sp_user counter10.
- dipcc s e t i n s t a n c e . , :
15.
725
USE master
EXEC sp_helptext 'sp_user_counter7'
:
Text
c r e a t e proc sp_user_counter7 @newvalue i n t as
dbcc s e t i n s t a n c e ('SQLServer:User S e t t a b l e ' ,
1
'Query , 'User counter 7 ' , gnewvalue)
,
:
dbcc setinstance ('SQLServer:User Settable',
'Query', 'User counter T, 10)
1
v,
, dbcc setinstance
SQL Server: User Settable Object. , .
Performance Monitor. ,
Programs () Administrative Tools, . .
perfmon.exe.
Performance Monitor
Windows NT 4.0, Performance Windows 2000. ,
. ,
SQL Server 2000 Windows 2000.
Performance (. 15.1) .
, .
, .
, ,
.
System Monitor,
, ,
, .
. 15.1.
726
III.
. 1 5 . 1 . Performance, System Monitor
System Monitor, :
Counter Logs. . ,
, , System Monitor. . Performance
, .

. . System Monitor , . .
. , ,
, System Monitor
.
Counter Logs Performance .
727
15.
Trace Logs. ,
. , , .
Alerts. , . ,
.
Performance , System Monitor.
. 15.1, ,
.
.
.
Add ( ).
Add Counters (. 15.2),
.
. 15.2. Add Counters

, , ( Use local computer counters) ( Select counters
from computer). , , .
Performance object ,
.
, . 15.1. , ,
728
III.
, .
( Select
counters from list), (
All counters).
, , .
, . , All instances,
( Select instances from list).
. 15.2 Add Counters SQL
Server:Databases. (All counters) (All instances), .
. 15.3 Performance .
. 15.3. SQL Server:Databases
. , - . . , -
15.
729
, , , , . .
, Properties.
.
. , , , .
, .
<Delete>. New Counter Set.
Percent Log Used SQL Server: Databases
. . 15.4 Performance
.
. 15.4. SQL Server:Databases Percent Log Used

. .
.
730
III.
View Histogram.
, . 15.5.
. 15.5. SQL Server:Databases
. 15.6. SQL Server-Databases
15.
731
, .
View Report. , . 15.6.
, HTML-.
Save As, ,
.
. , Web- .
- Internet Explorer. . 15.7.
Mm*
. 15.7. HTML-
, . ,
Performance, , Performance. ,
. 15.8 View Histogram.
732
III.
. 15.8. HTML-
Task Manager
Performance
SQL Server 2000,
.
, SQL Server 2000.
Task Manager, .
<Ctrl>+<Shift>+<Esc>.
, . 15.9.
, .
, Applications, , .
, (taskbar),
. . Running. "" ,
Not Responding.
"" , . . ,
. End Task.
733
15.
. 15.9. Task
Manager, Applications
. 15.10. Task
Manager, Processes
III.
734
, Applications SQL Server 2000.

, SQL Server 2000 ^ . , SQL Server 2000
.
Processes (. 15.10), ,
. ,
Applications. , ,
MSSQLServer SQLServerAgent .
MSSQLServer sqlservr.exe, SQLServerAgent

sqlagent.exe. , sqlservr.exe. ,
.
. 1 5 . 1 1 . Task
Manager, Performance
Performance (. 15.11). , , , , . .
15.
735
Event Viewer
Task Manager , .
Performance, ,
.
, SQL Server 2000 , . SQL Server 2000,
, Event Viewer.
(logs) ,
. :
Security Log. ,
,
, . .
System Log. .
Application Log. ,
SQL Server 2000, Exchange Server, BizTalk Server .
. 15.12. Event Viewer

, SQL Server 2000
Application Log. Event Viewer Pro-
736
III.
grams () Administrative Tools eventvwr.exe. Event Viewer

Application Log . 15.12.
,
, .
. .
Event Properties (. 15.13), . ,
.
. 1 5 . 1 3 .
Event Properties
Description ,
. , , , , . .
SQL Server Profiler

SQL Server 2000
, .
SQL Server 2000
.
15.
737
Performance , . ,
,
.
, . , SQL
Server 2000. SQL Server Profiler.
SQL Server Profiler ,
SQL Server 2000. ,
Performance. , , Transact-SQL, , SQL Server 2000
.
. SQL Server Profiler .
.
SQL Server 2000, . , ,
SQL Server 2000 .

SQL Server 2000
(events). SQL Server 2000
, .
- (event classes),
. SQL Server Profiler
Performance Monitor. SQL Server Profiler, Performance Monitor, . ( )
.
SQL Server . (category). . 15.2
.

Sessions
738
III.
1S.2 ()
Objects
, , ,

Scans
, ,

TSQL
, Transact-SQL
Cursors
Stored Procedures
Error and Warning
, SQL Server 2000
Transactions
, , SQL Server
MSDTC,
Locks
Databases
Performance
,
, . .
Server
,
, MSSQLServer
Security Audit
User Configurable
, Master.
.
(Data Column). ,
. ,
. (Null).
. . 15.3
, SQL Server.
. * .
SQL Server 7.0 , , . SQL Server 7.0 25,

SQL Server 2000 43.
, . . -
15.
739
, , .
15.3. ,
SQL Server 2000
Application
Name
, SQL Server.
, ,

.

BinaryData
ClientProcessID
,
,
Column
Permission
CPU
( ),
Database ID*
,
,
Database Name*
, ,
Duration*
End Time*
,
,
Error
Event Class*
EventSubClass
FileName
Handle
, . ODBC, OLE DB
DB-Library
Host Name
, ,

Index ID
, ,
Integer Data
LoginName
, .
SQL Server,
Windows NT
740
III.
1S.3 ()
LoginSID
, .
SQL Server,
Windows NT
Mode
NestLevel
. , @@NESTLEVEL
NT Domain Name
Windows NT. ,
NT Domain Name
Windows NT, ,
NT User Name
Windows NT ,

Object
ID
Object Name
Object Type
OwnerName
Permissions
, :
1 (SELECT A L L )
2 (UPDATE A L L )
4 (REFERENCES A L L )
8 ( I N S E R T )
16 (DELETE)
32 (EXECUTE)
4096 (SELECT ANY)
8192 (UPDATE ANY)
16384 (REFERENCES ANY)
Reads
RoleName
Server Name
Severity .
SQL Server,

741
15.
15.3 ()
SPID
(SPID), ,
SQL User Name
Start
Time
State
Success
1 , 0
TargetLoginName
, (, )
TargetLoginsID
,
- (, )
TargetUserName
, - (, )
TextData
Transaction
Writes
ID
,
,
. , .
, ,
. , .
(filters). ,
.
, .
SQL Server 2000 :
Like. .
,
Profiler.
? Not Like. ,
.
Equals. .
742
III.
D Not Equal to. .

Greater that or equal. , .
Less that or equal. , .
Like/Not Like
SQL Server Profiler. , SQL Server
Profiler , .
. ,
SQL Server Profiler, .
SQL Server Profiler
, , . SQL Server Profiler, , .
, . .
,
, .
, . , .
, , BinaryData, I n t e g e r Data
Text Data, .
Sessions
Sessions .
, , , , . SQL Server 2000.
,
. . 15.4 Sessions.
1S.4. Sessions

Connect
BinaryData ,
SET.

, , Sessions
,
.
Objects
, .
, , ,
, , . ., ,
Transact-SQL SELECT, INSERT DELETE.
.
, Objects . NT User Name, SQL User Name Host Name
.
. 15.5 Objects , .
15.5. Objects
Scans
SQL Server
, .
.
, , , , WHERE. , .
, , , .
, . . .
EventSubClass. -. 15.6
:.
15.6. Scans
(Normal)
32
(Reserved)
(First)
64
(Exlatch)
(Back)
128

(Index supplied)
(Unordered)
128
16
(No data)
256
(Marker)
, . 15.6, . .
. ,
15.
745
. , , , 266
(2+8+256).
. 15.7 Scans
.
15.7. Scans
TSQL
,
(RPC), Transact-SQL.
TSQL .
S t a r t Time, End Time D u r a t i o n ,
. , . NT User Name SQL User Name

, .
, TSQL, . 15.8.
15.8. TSQL
746
///,
15.8 ()
SQLStmtCompleted

Transact-SQL
I n t e g e r Data ,

TextData ,
Cursors
,
: , , , , . .
SQL Server 2000 .
. 15.9
1S.9. SQL Server 2000
Keyset ()
, , ()
Dynamic
()

. ,
Forward only
()
Static ()
. ,
,

16
Fast Forward
(
)
, . ,
(Forward-only),
,
. 15.10.
Cursors,
15.10. Cursors

CursorPrepare
()
EventSubClass

15.
747
15.10 ()
Stored Procedures
Stored Procedures
. SP.CacheHit SP:CacheMiss
, .
SP:CacheMiss ,
, SQL Server 2000.
-, SQL Server 2000.
SP:CacheHit ( object I D ) , .
. 15.11 Stored Procedures
.
15.11. Stored Procedures
Error and Warning

Error and Warning , ,
SQL Server 2000 (, OLE DB). ,

. , Missing Column Statistics
, , , . -
15.
749
, , . ^ , .
Execution Warning ,
, . ,
.
Locks.
. 15.12 Error and Warnings
.
15.12. Error and Warning
Transactions
,
. , , , (MSDTC, Microsoft Distributed Transactional Coordinator).
Transactions , , (Save point) .
, . , .
, . ,
.
, Transactions
.
. 15.13 Transactions .
15.13. Transactions
15.
751
Locks
Locks SQL Server 2000. , . , Lock:Acquired
Lock: Released , ,
.
, . .
(deadlock).
SQL Server 2000 . ,

. - , . , , . ,
, , .
, , 1205.

Lock:Deadlock, Lock:Deadlock Chain Lock:Timeout. , ,
, .

, .

.
. 15.14 Locks
.
15.14. Locks
25
207
Databases
Databases , .
. . 15.15 Databases.
15.15. Databases
753
15.
15.15 ()
Performance
(DML, Data Manipulation Language). INSERT, UPDATE, SELECT DELETE, , , , , .
, (. 15.16) .
15.16. Performance
25*
Server
,
MSSQLServer. . 15.17 .
15.17. Server
Security Audit
. SQL Server
. Security Audit , . SQL
Server 7.0 . SQL Server 2000 . Security
Audit . , . ,
15.
755
LoginsiD LoginName, , .
(Database Name, Database ID, RoleName, SQL User Name, Permissions, OwnerName,
Object Name, Object ID, Column Permissions . .) . 15.3.
( Event c l a s s ,
Eventsubciass . .) . 15.18,
. , Event c l a s s .
.
, . ,
Event c l a s s .
15.18. Security Audit
756
III.
15.18 ()
Audit Object
GDR Event

GDR

Event Class = 103

EventSubClass :
1 (GRANT)
2 (REVOKE)
3 (DENY)
P e r m i s s i o n s :
1 SELECT ALL
2 UPDATE ALL
4 REFERENCES ALL
8 INSERT
1 6 - DELETE
32 EXECUTE
4096 SELECT ANY
8192-UPDATE
ANY
16384 REFERENCES ANY,

L o g i n s ID, LoginName,
Database ID, Database Name,SQL
User Name, OwnerName, Object
Name, Column Permission
TextData
Audit Addlogin
Event

SQL Server (
sp addlogin
sp droplogin)
Event Class = 104

E v e n t S u b C l a s s :
1 (Add)
2 (Drop),
LoginSID, LoginName,
TargetLoginSID,TargetLoginName
TextData
Audit Login
GDR Event

GDR ,
Windows NT
(
sp grantlogin,
sp revokelogin
sp denylogin)
Event Class = 105

EventSubClass :
1 (GRANT)
2 (REVOKE)
3 (DENY),
TargetLoginSID, TargetLoginName
TextData
757
15.
15.18 ()
15.18 (

Database ID, Database Name, SQL
User Name, Target User Name
RoleName
Audit Add Role

Event

( sp add r o l e
sp droprole)
Event Class = 111

Event Sub Class :
1 (Add)
2 (Drop),
Database ID,Database Name, SQL
User Name RoleName
Audit App Role
Change Password Event
Event Class = 112

Event Sub Class 1,
Database ID,Database Name, SQL
User Name RoleName
Audit Statement Permission Event
Event Class = 113

EventSubClass 1
Permissions :
1 CREATE DATABASE
2 CREATE TABLE
4 CREATE PROCEDURE
8 CREATE VIEW
16 CREATE RULE
32 CREATE DE FAULT
6 4 - B A C K U P DATABASE
128 BACKUP LOG
512 CREATE FUNCTION,
L o g i n S I D , LoginName,
D a t a b a s e I D , D a t a b a s e Name, SQL
User TextData
Audit Object
Permission
Event
Event Class = 114

EventSubClass 1
Permissions :
1 SELECT ALL
759
15.
15.18 ()

2 UPDATE ALL
4-REFERENCES ALL
8 INSERT
16 DELETE
32 EXECUTE,
LoginSID, LoginNarae,
D a t a b a s e ID, Database Name, SQL
User Name, OwnerName, Object
Name, Column P e r m i s s i o n
TextData
Audit
Backup/Restore
Event
Event C l a s s = 115
(BACKUP
Event Sub C l a s s :
RESTORE)
1 (Backup)
2 (Restore),
User Name TextData
Audit DBCC
Event

DBCC
Event Class = 116

EventSubClass 1,
User Name RoleName
Audit Change
Audit Event
Event C l a s s = 1 1 7
E v e n t S u b C l a s s :
1
2 ,
LoginSID, LoginName
TextData
Audit
Server/Stop/Pa
use Event
Event Class = 118

Event Sub C l a s s :
1 (Shutdown)
2 (Start)
3 (Pause)
4 (Continue),
LoginSID LoginName
760
III.
User Configurable
, .
. 10 , UserConfigurable:0 UserConfigurable:9.
.

sp_trace_generateevent, :
sp_trace_generateevent [ @eventid = ] event_id

[ , [ @userinfo = ] 'user_info' ]
[ , [ Ouserdata = ] user_data ]

sp_trace_generateevent
xp_trace_generate_event, .
:
[ Oeventid = ] event_id
i n t
, .
8291,
UserConfigurable:0UserConfigurable:9. .
d I Ouserinfo = ]
'user_info'
, nvarchar (128),
,
. , ,
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t Suserdata = ] user_data

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BinaryData.
15.
761
.
.
, BinaryData
17FA, Suserdata = 0xl7FA.
UserConfigUrable:5. TextData ' ! ! ! ', BinaryData 0x28305FC3B:
EXEC sp_trace_generateevent
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Suserdata = 0x28305FC3B
TextData BinaryData , :
Application Name;
LoginSID;
Database ID;
O NT Domain Name;
Host Name;
NT User Name;
LoginName;
Server Name.

SQL
Server 2000, SQL
Server Profiler. , ,
. .
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, .
III.
762
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File New, a
Trace <Ctrl>+<N>. Connect to SQL Server (. 15.15),
,
.
. 15.15. Connect
to SQL Server
15.
763
, Connect to SQL Server , Trace Properties (. 15.16),

. , .
. 15.16. Trace Properties, General

General , :
Trace name .
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. ,
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.
764
III.
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name. SQL Server Profiler , \Program Files\Microsoft SQL
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, . ,
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, . , , . :
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;
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SampleTrace_l.trc,
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Server processes SQL Server trace data ,

,
. , . , .
, , , .
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.
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1 Set maximum rows (in thousands), , -
15.
765
, . ,
.
, .
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, .
General . Events
(. 15.17) ,
.
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. (Available event classes)
. (Selected event classes) , .
.
Add Remove. -
766
III.

.
, , , Selected event classes, .
Data Columns (. 15.18)
, .
. 15.18. Trace Properties, Data Columns
Data Columns Events.

Unselected data . , , Selected data. Up Down .
, ,
. . ,
,
Filters (. 15.19).
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15.
767
. . " SQL Server Profiler" .
. 15.19. Trace Properties, Filters

.
, SQL Server Profiler .

, , SQL Server Profiler
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. (. 15.20).
, ( ).
.
j j j , . , -
768
III.
. ,
.
. , , SQL Server Profiler.
. 15.20. SQL Server Profiler
, SQL Server Profiler

, . , .
. . , , .
,
, , .
(replay) Replay.
, . , .
15.
769
.
file Save as.
Replay
Start, Step. Connect to SQL Server (.
. 15.15), , . , .
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Replay SQL Server (. 15.21), .
. 1 5 . 2 1 .
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Replay SQL Server , . , . ,

. Output file name
, ,
.
Replay Options
:
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. .
,
.
, .
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, . -
770
III.
, ,
. , , ,
. .
.
Start Replay.
SQL Server Profiler .
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, SQL Server 2000
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, .
, , - .

SQL Server
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.
, . .

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.
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.
,
.

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,
, . , .
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.
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Data Transformation Services), 11. DTS . .
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.

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.
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774
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WITH STANDBY = 'c:\undo.ldf
GO
.
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GO
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GO
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BACKUP LOG MyNwind
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,
, ;
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780
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.
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.
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17.
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,
, .
, , .
:
Uniform. (. 18.2, ) ,
. , . .
8 , , , ,
. .
, . .
.
Mixed. (. 18.2, ) , . . Uniform,
18.
815
64 (8 ),
- , . ,
,
8,
64 . .
, .
Mixed
. 1 8 . 2 . SQL Server 2000
, .
, , .
, , . .
, Global Allocation
Map (GAM) . , . ,
GAM , , . GAM
, . 8 , GAM 64 000
(8000) (8). , , GAM
4 64 000 8 8192 .
, GAM
, :
Global Allocation Map (GAM). . 1, .
0, - .
27
.1207
gjg
IV.
Shared Global Allocation Map (SGAM). . 1, Mixed,

. 0, ,
Uniform ( ),
Mixed, .
, GAM, SGAM 1. ,
. :
8 , .
Uniform. To . GAM , 1.
. GAM SGAM 0.
8 , . Mixed,
, Mixed. GAM , 1.
. GAM 0, SGAM ( 1).
Mixed, 0
SGAM.
, 4 ( 3,95 )
GAM, 16 .
, .
, GAM .
. , - ,
. , , .
( ) Page Free Space (PFS).
8000 Data, Text/Image
Index. , 1 . . , . ,
. .
, :
81% 95%;
96% 100%.
PFS , . , . .
, , . .
PFS
,
.
, PFS , . ,
, .
Index Allocation Map (IAM). 1 , . , (
) IAM.
1 GAM. 1, , . IAM 0,
. , IAM 4 (3,95 ), 64 000 .
, IAM. IAM.
. . 18.3
IAM .
. 18.3. IAM
27*
IV.
(~
, IAM .
, IAM .
.
, IAM?
IAM FirstiAM
sysindexes. IAM,
IAM , . sysindexes
, IAM. ( ), , t e x t , n t e x t image.
sysindexes . , s t a t b l o b , xmaxien
, m i n i e n , keycnt . .
, SQL Server 2000 t e x t , n t e x t image

Data, . .
, .
,
. , . , ( ) IAM
, . , . . 18.4
. , (
) IAM.
, , , . .
IAM , , .
. 18.4, . .
. FAT.
819
18.
, . , , .
.
sysindexes
FirstlAM
. 18.4.
SQL Server 2000 .
, .
DBCC SHOWCONTIG.
DBCC
DBREINDEX DBCC
INDEXDEFRAG.
,
25.
, .
, .
, .
. 18.5 . ,
.
. . . . , PFS .
GAM SGAM
. .
Data. IAM.
. 18.5.
S20
IV.
, , , .

,
, .
.
, , , , , .
, , , . ., , , .
.
, :
(tables). ,
.
21,
28 29.
(views). (virtual tables), , .
. 22.
(indexes).
,
. , . 23.
(keys). .
. , ,
, .
(defaults). , ,
.
.
18.
821
(rules). ,

. .
(constraints). , . , .
21.
(stored procedures).
Transact-SQL, .
. ,
, . , 30.
(triggers). ,
,
.
.
32.
(user-defined data types, UDDT).
, .

.
(user-defined function).
Transact-SQL, . () SQL Server 2000,
27.
,
SQL Server 2000 .
. ,
, .
.
, ,
, . .

, -
. . , , . , , ,
( SQL Server 2000).
822
IV.
,
. , , .
SQL Server 2000 (). , . , . SQL Server 2000.
.
, , .
,
. ,
. ,
,
.
.
.
128 .
256 , . .
Unicode. 116 . 12 SQL Server 2000
.
, , SQL Server 2000. ,
SELECT CASE, . .
. , ,
.

,
_ (). , !, $ . . .
#,
, .
, Unicode Standard 2.0 , @, #, $ _.
, , , !, %, , &, ~, -, .
(), , (), \, * '.
18.
823
(collate), , , SQL Server 2000 ,

. SQL Server 2000 ,
, , ,
.
, ,
(Regular Identifiers). pubs.
sysobjects, Name
.
pubs:
USE pubs
SELECT TOP 10 Name FROM sysobjects
:
Name
authors
byroyalty
CHECK_CONSTRAINTS
CK authors au_id 08EA5793
CK authors z ip 0AD2 A0 0 5
CK jobs max_lvl 25869641
CK jobs min_lvl 24927208
CK publisher pub_i 0DAF0CB0
CK_emp_id
COLUMN_DOMAIN_USAGE
SQL Server 2000

(Delimited Identifiers).

. , SQL Server 2000 , , , . . , , - .
SQL Server 2000
, . ,
, .
, , , , , . , . .
824
IV.
, , ,
,
:
CREATE TABLE [3 . 2001 - ]
([01-09] i n t , [10-39] i n t , [] money)
:
CREATE TABLE "3 . 2000 - "
("01-09" i n t , "10-39" i n t , "" money)
~~)
.
. , , .
, .
, (double quotation marks).
SQL Server 2000 . ,
SQL Server . (single quotation marks). To ,
, . , ,
.
SQL Server 2000 .

.
:
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER {ON I OFF}
ON . OFF, TO
,
.
.
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
SELECT au_fname FROM a u t h o r s , t i t l e a u t h o r
WHERE a u t h o r s . a u i d = t i t l e a u t h o r . a u id AND au l n a m e = " t i t l e i d "
18.
825_
authors,
( auiname) t i t l e id.
SET Q0OTED_IDENTIFIER OFF
SELECT au_fname FROM authors, titleauthor
WHERE authors.au_id=titleauthor.au_id AND au_lname="title_id"
authors,
aulname t i t l e id.
title__id ,
.
(au_lname)
( t i t l e _ i d ) .
pubs .
Transact-SQL . .
,
Transact-SQL .
, ,
[3 . 2000 - ], s p _ t a b i e _ p r i v i l e g e s :
sp_table_privileges @table_name_pattern = '[3 . 2000 - )'

SQL Server 2000
(owner). (full control) . , (
),
, .
,
.
.
:
sp_changeobjectowner [@objname =] ' o b j e c t ' ,
[@newowner =]
'owner'
, ,
[@objname =] ' o b j e c t ' . [@newowner =] 'owner'
.
. , -
826
IV.
db_owner, db_dlladmin db_securityadmin.
,
.
db_owner ,
.
,
. sp_changeobjectowner.
. , ,
. , , - .
(complete name) , , (full
qualified name) . :
[[[server.][database].][owner_name].]object_name
.
. , ,
. , , .
,
.
, .
. ( , ),
,
( dbo),
.
,
, . , , dbo.
, .
, dbo, , . . .
, . :
server.database.owner_name.object
server.database..obj ect_name
name
18.
827
server..owner_name.object_name
server...object_name
database.owner_name.object_name
database..object_name
owner_name.obj ect_name
object_name
(linked server) (remote server) . s e r v e r , database, ownername.

object_name.
10.

, , , , ,
. . . :
[[[server.][database].][owner_name].]object_name.column_name
, , SELECT UPDATE.

(, ), :
SQLSrvl.[KHSU Databases]..[RIAC People List]
, (defaults) ,

, . , , , ,
. ,

. , ,
.
, Microsoft
, , SQL Server 7.0,
Default, .
S28
IV.

Microsoft
, . ,
.
, , , , . .
,
, . ,
,
.
, , ,
, ,
.
.
, , , . ( ) .

,
. -, , -,
. ,
, ,
.
, , . ( ) .
, , .
CREATE DEFAULT, :
CREATE DEFAULT d e f a u l t AS c o n s t a n t _ e x p r e s s i o n
. , .
, . , .
, , .
. , -
18.
829
, . . , 20-11-2000,
. , ,
-1991, 20-11-2000, .
' 20-11-2000'.
, . " " .
.
,
GETDATEO

O r d e r D a t e O r d e r s
Northwind, .
OrderDate .
OrderDate
. ,
.
,
, . , , .
, .
. :
USE Northwind
CREATE DEFAULT def_GETDATE AS GETDATEO
OrderDate orders. ,

. :
sp_bindefault [ @defname = ] ' d e f a u l t ' ,
[ Sobj name = ] ' obj ect_name'
[ , [ Sfutureonly = ] 'futureonly_flag' ]

sysadmin, db_owner db_ddladmin, a
.
830
IV.
:
[ @defname =~ ] ' d e f a u l t '
, .
[ @objname = ] 'object_name'
,
. tabie_name. column name, .
, . ( ).
(~
,
timestamp, - ( IDENTITY).
, , .
,
( ), .
[ Sfutureonly = ] 'futureonly_flag'
'futureonly 1
NULL. 'futureonly 1
.
,
,
.
. , , . @futureonly NULL
( ),
,
.
. .
. ,
.
, .
sp_bindefauit.
OrderDate orders.
:
EXEC sp__bindefault 'def_GETDATE', ' Orders. OrderDate
18.
831
defGETDATE My data type:

EXEC sp_bindefault
'def_GETDATE',
'[My d a t a t y p e ] '
, ,
.
sp_unbmdefauit,
:
sp_unbindefault [ @objname = ] 'object_name'
[, [ gfutureonly = ] 'futureonly_flag']
:
[ @objname = ] 'object_name'
,
. sp_bindefault, .
[ gfutureonly = )
'futureonly_flag'
'futureonly'
MULL. 'futureonly' .
, , . ,
@futureoniy NULL (
),
, .
, OrderDate orders
:
EXEC sp_unbindefault 'Orders.OrderDate'
DROP DEFAULT,
:
DROP DEFAULT { d e f a u l t } [ , . . . n ]
, . , DROP
DEFAULT . . , ,
.
, ,
,
.
, def_GETDATE .
DROP DEFAULT d e f GETDATE
832
IV.
, , , .
,
. , . SQL Server 2000
. , .

s p h e i p t e x t , CREATE DEFAULT,
. ,
defGETDATE :
sp_helptext
'def_GETDATE'
:
Text
CREATE DEFAULT def_GETDATE
AS GETDATEO
Transact-SQL. SQL
Server 2000 Enterprise Manager.
Defaults (. 18.6), ,
.
,
.
, ,
.
New Default. Default Properties
(. 18.7).
Name Default Properties ,
, Value ,
.
, Transact-SQL.
. . 18.7,
Bind UDTs Bind Columns, , , .
. Bind UDTs Bind
Default to User-defined Data Types (. 18.8).
Name .
, ,
Data Type. Bind -
18.
833
. Future Only ,
, , . Bind Default to User-defined Data Types

, .
Mm
. 18.6. Defaults
. 18.7. Default Properties
834
IV.
. 18.8. Bind Default to User-defined Data Types
. 18.9. Bind Default to Columns
18.
835
. Bind Columns,
Bind Default to Columns (. 18.9),
.
Table ,
. Unbound columns
, .
Bound columns, .
, Enterprise Manager , , . ,
. - ,
. ,
, , .
Defaults
.
(rules) , , . ,
,
0 100. SQL Server 2000 , 0 100.
t i n y i n t 0 255. ,
, 0 100,
.
. , , . SQL Server 6.x , SQL Server 7.0,
Check.
Check
. ,
Check,
.

, ,
.

, , - -
836
IV.
. , .
, .
, TRUE (), . FALSE
(),
.
, CHECK, TO . CHECK
, .
.
,
. ,
.
,
, .
.
CREATE RULE,
:
CREATE RULE rule AS cendition_expression
, .
, .
. , , c o n d i t i o n e x p r e s s i o n .
,
. . , . ,
AND OR.
,
0 100:
CREATE RULE rule0_100 AS @value>=0 AND @value<=100 ,
, .
.
, .
.
, , , , -
18.
837
, .
, , GETDATE ().
15, TRUE,
.
CREATE RULE rulel AS DATEPARTIdd, GETDATE())<15 AND @a=@a
,
, L I T , DM STORAGE,
, MATRIX\Administrator :
1
C R E A T E RULE r u l e 2 A S ( H O S T _ N A M E ( ) I N ( ' L I T , ' D M ' ,

SUSER SNAMEf) I N ( ' M A T R I X X A d m i n i s t r a t o r ' ,
'sa'))
'STORAGE')
AND @a=@a
OR

, .
. sp_bindrule, :
sp_bindrule [ @rulename = 1 ' r u l e ' ,
[ Sobjname = ] 'object_name'
[ , [ @futureonly = ] 'futureonly_flag' ]

sysadmin, db owner db ddladmin, a
.
, sp bindefauit,
.
r u l e l
:
spjoindrule 'rulel', 'MyDT'

s p u n b i n d r u i e , :
sp_unbindrule [@objname =] 'object_name'

[, [Sfutureonly =] 'futureonly_flag']
:
DROP RULE { r u l e }
[ ,...n ]
, . ,
.
IV.
838
CREATE RULE,
, s p h e i p t e x t . , rule2 :
sp_helptext
'rule2'
:
Text
1
CREATE RULE rule2 AS (HOST_NAME() IN ('LIT , 'DM', 'STORAGE'} OR

SUSER_SNAME() IN ('MATRIXYAdministrator', 'sa')) AND
a=8a
Enterprise Manager Rules (. 18.10), .
. 18.10. Rules

Rules New Rule.
Rule Properties (. 18.11),
.
839
18.
. 18.11. Rule
Properties
Name , .
Text ,
. ,
condition_expression CREATE RULE.
, Rule Properties
Bind UDTs Bind Columns,
. , . . , .
.

SQL Server 2000 ,
.
. SQL Server 2000
(UDDT,
User Defined Data Type).
SQL Server 2000 . ,
,
.
. , phone, 9 NULL.
.
, .
840
IV.
. , .
,
, systypes,
. , .
,
, . .
, systypes.
, r e a l barrakuda:
UPDATE systypes SET [name] = 'barrakuda 1 WHERE [name] = ' r e a l '
:
DECLARE @aa barrakuda
SET @aa = -10.654
SELECT Saa
:
-10.654
(1 row(s) affected)
r e a l :
DECLARE @aa real
:
Column or parameter #-1: Cannot find data type real.
Parameter '@aa' has an invalid data type.
@
r e a l , . . . , ,
. , . .
.
s p a d d t y p e , :
sp_addtype [ @typename = ] type,
[ Sphystype = ] system_data_type
[ , [ Snulltype = ] 'null_type' ]
[ , [ Sowner = ] 'owner name' ]
841
18.
:
[ gtypename = ] type
, . .
( ),
.
[ @phystype = j system_data_type
, .
,
. systypes
, . ,
,
.
. , cursor, t a b l e , timestamp. . 18.1
, .
18.1.
I 'binary(n)'
Image
Smalldatetime
: b i t
Int
Smallint
Text
! 'char(n)'
i Datetime
Decimal
'decimal[(p[, s ] ) ] '
float
'float(n)'
sql variant
nchar(n)'
Ntext
Numeric
'numeric[(p[ , s J ) ] '
'nvarchar(n)'
Real
Tinyint
Uniqueidentifier
'varbinary(n)'
'varchar(n)'
i
;
Bigint
29.
[ Snulltype = ] 'null_type' ]
, ,
,
NULL. :
"NULL1 NULL ;
' NOT NULL NULL ;
' NONULL ' NULL .
842
IV.
gnuiltype ,
NULL SET A N S I N U L L D F L T O N
SET ANSI NULL DFLT OFF.
N U L L .
[ @owner = ]
'owner_name'
,
. , db__owner.
. , , s p a d d t y p e .
s p a d d t y p e , . phone char. 8 .
NULL ,
:
sp_addtype
'phone',
'char(8)',
'NULL'
,
.
:
DECLARE @aa phone
SET @aa='295469283758923' '
SELECT @aa
:
29546928
(1 row(s) affected)
,
8 , phone.
. :
sp_droptype [ @typename = ] ' t y p e '
, .
Enterprise Manager
User Defined Data Type (. 18.12).
18.
843
. 18.12. User Defined Data Type
. 18.13. User-Defined
Data Type Properties
:
Name ;
844
IV.
Owner ;
Base Type , ;
Length ,
;
Allow Nulls 1, NULL, 0 ;
Default , ;
Rule , .
UserDefined Data Type Properties (. 18.13), , User Defined Data Type New User Defined Data Type.
, User-Defined
Data Type Properties.
Name. , . .
Data type.
,
.
Length. ( , ),
. ,
. , ,
,
, Length , .
Allow NULLs. NULL
, .
Rule.
. , .
Default. , .
Where Used ,
,
. , Where Used .
.

.
19

, .
. - , . .
. ,
. , ,
.
, . , .
,
. ,
. ,
,
. . , , SQL
Server 2000.

SQL Server 2000 . (transaction) , . , .
,
. ,
(distributed transaction) . SQL
Server 2000 , , , .
846
IV.
Transact-SQL
.
. . , , , , . ,
.
. , ACID
(Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation Durability), , . .
(Atomicity). , ,
. ,
, , , ,
, .
, ,
, .
(Consistency). ,
, ,
. ,

. , , , .
. (rules) (constraints), . SQL Server 2000
:

. ,
.
(rollback) , .
. ,
. ,
.
(Isolation). ,
, .
, ,
, . , , .
19.
847
, . . . ,
. ,
, ,
, . , . . ,
.
, . , , ,
. ,
,
. ,
.
.
, .
,
, ,
. "" "" (serializability).
(Durability). , ,
(commit transaction). ,
.
, , , .
, , ,
.
ACID
. , . SQL Server 2000, , ACID, . ,
, SQL
Server 2000 (locks).
, .
,
. ,
,
. . 28
.1207
S48
IV.
,
.
.
. .
, ACID SQL
Server 2000, . -, .
.
, -. ,
.
, .
. , ,
. . , -
. , , ,
, , (deadlock).

. SQL
Server 2000 , , .

. ,
, ,
. ,
,
.

(locks) , . ,
. SQL Server 2000
. ,
. . ,
19.
849
. , ,
, . ,
.
SQL Server 2000 ,

.
, . ,
SQL Server 2000 (Lock Manager).
SQL Server 2000 . , . ,
(page) (extent).
.
, .

. , . , .
, , .
,
, .
(The lost update problem).
. , . , . .
, , . .
, , . , . , .
, , , . , , . .
. .
"" (The uncommitted dependency problem). , , , . ,
. ,
28*
IV.
. ,
- . , , ,
.
(The inconsistent analysis problem). .
,

. , .
. . - , . ,
.
, , , . .
(The phantom read problem). ,
, . ,
. ( ) , .
, . .

,
. . (ANSI, American National Standard Institute)
. ,
, .

. :
Level 0 No trashing of data ( "" ).
, . . . . -
,
. .
19.
85?
Level 1 No dirty read ( "" ). "" . , ,

. , , . , , .
Level 2 No nonrepeatable read ( ).
. - ,
, .
. , . , , .
Level 3 No phantom ( ). .
,
,
.
, , . , .
,
. Microsoft SQL Server 2000 ,
.

SQL Server 2000 . .
.
(, ODBC)
, Transact-SQL.
(),
.
. ,
, .
. , , .
.
852
IV.

. . (single user mode).
,
.
SQL Server 2000 : , . ,
.
, . , , (distributed).
, SQL Server 2000 : .

.
.

. , . SQL Server 2000 .
,
, ,
. ,
. , .
, , ,
.
SQL Server 2000 (Autocommit transaction). SQL Server 2000
,
:
SET IMPLICIT TRANSACTION OFF
19.
853

(Explicit transaction)
, . .
SQL Server 2000
. ,
. ,
SQL Server 2000,
Transact-SQL,
. :
BEGIN TRAN. .

. :
BEGIN TRAN [ SACTION ] [ transaction_name I @tran_name_variable
[ WITH MARK [ ' d e s c r i p t i o n ' ] ] ]
transaction_name , .
SQL Server 2000. , 32 .
, @tran_name_variable.
char, varchar, nchar nvarchar. , .
. ,
.
SQL Server 2000 (mark
transaction). . .
SQL Server 2000 ,
.
. WITH MARK. ' d e s c r i p t i o n '
. .
SAVE TRAN. (save point).
,
. ,
854
IV.
.
.
, , , .
,
, ROLLBACK TRAN. SAVE TRAN:
SAVE TRANSACTION] {savepoint_name I @savepoint_variable)
savepoint_name .
BEGIN TRAN,
, SAVE TRAN
.
. 32 .

char, varchar, nchar nvarchar, @savepoint_variable.
ROLLBACK TRAN. .
, , , . ,
.
SQL Server 2000 ,
. , .
. , - . ,
. :
ROLLBACK [WORK]
ROLLBACK
[TRANSACTION]
[transaction_name
point_name I @savepoint_variable]]
@tran_name_variable
save-
ROLLBACK WORK , ROLLBACK TRAN
(. . ). , .
COMMIT TRAN. .
, . ,
19.
855
.
COMMIT TRAN, :
COMMIT [TRAN[SACTION]
[transaction_name
@tran_name_variable]
, transaction_name @tran_name_variable ,
. COMMIT
, . , . ,
.
.
,
.
. , ODBC
. ROLLBACK TRAN
COMMIT TRAN, . ODBC . , ,
, .
ODBC , . . . OLE DB ADO

.

SQL Server 2000 , , (Implicit transaction)
, .
BEGIN TRAN, . . SQL Server 2000.
, , .
.
, . COMMIT TRAN ROLLBACK TRAN. ,
,
.
856
IV.
, SQL Server 2000 , , .
.
. ,
,
:
(ALTER TABLE);
(CREATE);
(DELETE);
f!J (DROP);
(FETCH);
(GRANT);
(INSERT);
(OPEN);
(REVOKE);
(SELECT);
(TRUNCATE TABLE);
(1 (UPDATE).
~^)

. , . , ,
. .
SQL Server 2000 :

SET IMPLICITJTRANSACTION ON
,
SQL Server 2000 , .
. . , ,

19.
857
. SQL Server 2000

.
,
, , . , . , .
Master.
, :
ALTER DATABASE ;
BACKUP LOG ;
CREATE DATABASE ;
DISK INIT (
);
DROP DATABASE ;
DUMP TRANSACTION (
);
LOAD DATABASE . SQL Server. SQL Server 2000
RESTORE, LOAD
DATABASE. SQL Server LOAD DATABASE,
, ;
d LOAD TRANSACTION . , LOAD DATABASE;
RECONFIGURE ,
sp_configure
SQL Server 2000;
RESTORE DATABASE ;
RESTORE LOG ;
UPDATE STATISTICS .

sp_dboption sp_conf i g u r e , , Master.
.
858
IV.

, , SQL Server 2000
, .
,
.
.
, , . SQL
Server 2000 .
(distributed query)
. , SQL
Server 2000 .
. . , SQL Server 2000
, . ,
- , . .
(distributed transaction) , . ,
. , . - ,
,
, . SQL Server 2000 MSDTC.
(MSDTC, Microsoft Distributed Transaction Coordinator) , . ,
.
SQL
Server 2000. MSDTC SQL
Server 2000, , . , Microsoft Visual C++
6.0 , MSDTC.
,
, (Resource Manager). To
,
. ,
, ,
19.
859
, , . ,
.
(Distributed Transaction Processing) MSDTC , . , , MSDTC. . MSDTC ,

. , , .
, , ,
.
SQL Server 2000.
, . SQL Server 2000.

SQL Server 2000, X/OPEN .

, : .
, MSDTC
.
.
. . ,
,
.
, , - .
, -
860
IV.
. (Durability) ACID ,
, , ,
. (Atomicity) ACID
, . - , . .
(2, Two Phase Commit protocol) ,

. :
(Prepare Phase). . , . .
. , . , , .
(Commit Phase). ( )
,
. , MSDTC
. , . ,
- . MSDTC , , . ,
. .

.
. MSDTC.
.
ODBC OLE DB . .
19.
861
, , , ,
. SQL Server 2000 .

SQL Server 2000 ,
REMOTE_PROC_TRANSACTION ON.
BEGIN DISTRIBUTED TRANSACTION, -
:
BEGIN DISTRIBUTED TRANSACTION] [transaction_name | @tran_name_variable j
,
B E G I N D I S T R I B U T E D TRANSACTION, , , ROLLBACK TRAN COMMIT TRAN, .
, . , ,
REMOTE_PROC__TRANSACTION.
, , .
:
EXEC sp_configure 'remote proc trans', {0 | 1}
, , , REMOTEPROCTRANSACTION . :
SET REMOTE_PROC_TRANS,
{ON
OFF}
, , , . ,
, , .

, Transact-SQL .
. ,
862
IV.
, (nested
transaction).

. ,
(save point). .
. . , .
.
, , . , ACID
. ,
, . , ,
, - , .
SQL Server 2000 ACID

. ,
.
ACID .

ACID.
BEGIN TRAN , COMMIT TRAN. SQL Server 2000 ACID
.
SQL Server 2000 . 32- .

, BEGIN TRAN ,
. ,
.

, -
19.
863
. , .
ROLLBACK TRAN COMMIT TRAN, BEGIN TRAN
,
B E G I N TRAN,
. , .

.

, , .
.
( ),
. , ACID, , , .

(Durability) ACID. .
, . ,
. ,
, . ,
, ACID.
, COMMIT TRAN
, . .
.
, , . .
SQL Server 2000 .
ROLLBACK TRAN
ROLLBACK WORK
.
ROLLBACK
TRAN. .
.
864
IV.

. ROLLBACK TRAN
.
SQL Server 2000 @@TRANCOUNT,
.
0. BEGIN TRAN
,
@@TRANCOUNT. ROLLBACK TRAN

. COMMIT TRAN
@@TRANCOUNT .
@@TRANCOUNT:
BEGIN TRAN trl
PRINT ' :
BEGIN TRAN tr2
PRINT ' :
BEGIN TRAN tr3
PRINT ' :
BEGIN TRAN tr4
PRINT ' :
BEGIN TRANSACTION tr5
SAVE TRANSACTION aaa
PRINT ' :
ROLLBACK TRANSACTION aaa
PRINT ' :
COMMIT TRAN tr5
PRINT ' :
COMMIT TRAN tr4
PRINT ' :
ROLLBACK TRAN
PRINT ' :
'+CAST(@@TRANCOUNT AS char(2))
:

*

:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
1
2
3
4
5
5
4
3

, , ACID. -
19.
865
.

.
. , , (Concurrency Control).
, , .
, . :
sp_configure
' l o c k s ' , num_locks
num locks ,
. 0, . numlocks
5000 2 147 483 647.
96 .
2% , SQL
Server 2000. , , . , , 40%.

.
(Concurrency control theory)
:
(Optimistic Concurrency Control).

. ,
. ,
.
(isolation) ACID.
, .
,
, , , - . ,
, .
866
IV.
(Pessimistic Concurrency Control). ACID.

. ,
, ,
,
.
.
. , .
, .
SQL Server 2000 .
,
.
, . ,
.
(OLE DB, ADO, ODBC . .) .
,
, ,
.
SQL Server 2000 , , ACID, . ,
, .
, SQL Server 2000
(Lock Manager).
, , . ,
. , , ,
, ,
.
. ,
-
19.
867
.
.

.
, . SQL Server 2000 .

.
. , . ,
.

:
SET LOCK_TIMEOUT timeout^period
timeout_period ,
.
0,
, , . 1,
.
S E T L O C K _ T I M E O U T .
, . , .
@@LOCK_TIMEOUT.

, , .
, . ,
.
SQL Server 2000
:
868
IV.
. , ,
. SQL Server 2000 :
RID .
Key . (The phantom read problem).
, ,
, .
Page . .
.
Extent ().
, .
8 .
Table , .
DB .
SQL Server 6.x ,

2 . SQL Server 2000
.
, . " "
. ,
, . ,
.
. , , .

, ,
. . .
.
,
. .
.
. , ,
19.
869_
.

.

. ,
, .
, 20 , . , ,
. ,
70% , .
. . . .
(lock
escalation). .

, .
ANSI ,
. SQL Server 2000
, ANSI SQL-92.

. , (isolation) ACID. , .
SQL Server 2000 :
SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL {
READ COMMITTED | READ UNCOMMITTED | REPEATABLE READ | SERIALIZABLE }
870
IV.
SQL Server 2000

:
READ UNCOMMITED
(The lost
update problem) 0 ANSI
SQL-92. SQL Server 2000. , . ,
, .
(dirty) (unrepeatable) . ,
, , .
READ COMMITTED

(The uncommitted dependency problem), 1 ANSI SQL-92. , ,
. , , , , , . .
. READ COMMITTED SQL Server 2000 .
REPEATABLE READ
, 2 ANSI SQL-92.
(The inconsistent analysis problem).
To , , .
SERIALIZABLE
,
. (The phantom read problem).
,
. , , , .

READ
COMMITED. .
, -
19.
871
, . SQL Server 2000 xunrrtu (hint), . SQL Server SELECT. SQL

Server 2000 UPDATE, INSERT
DELETE.

WITH,
. ,
t i t l e s , 15 .
.
SELECT title FROM titles WITH (ROWLOCK) WHERE price>15
, SQL Server 2000

:
ROWLOCK. .
, .
PAGLOCK.
.
TABLOCK.
. , TABLOCK
HOLDLOCK, TO . TABLOCK SELECT, .
TABLOCKX.
, . TABLOCK
, .
HOLDLOCK. ,
, . HOLDLOCK
SERIALIZABLE,
.
UPDLOCK. (update locks) (shared locks).
.
, , . , .
.
872
IV.
(~
NOLOCK.
,
NOLOCK. READ UNCOMMITTED.
READCOMMITTED.
READ COMMITTED. SQL Server 2000 .
REPEATABLEREAD.
REPEATABLE READ.
SERIALIZABLE. , HOLDLOCK. SERIALIZABLE.
READPAST. ,
, ,
.
SELECT. ,
READ COMMITTED.
. ()
. , , , NOLOCK. TO
, . SELECT.
READUNCOMMITTED.

: . , . , SQL
Server 2000 ,
. ,
.

SQL Server 2000 :
(S, Shared).
SQL Server 2000. -
19.
873
(read only operation)

. SELECT. ,
. , , .
.
(U, Update). ,
, .
. .
, .
, . .
,
.
, .
. , .

. , .
. , .
,
.
(, Exclusive).
.
, . , . ,
. .
(BU, Bulk Update).
TABLOCK. , , sp_tabieoption table lock
on bulk load.
/ ,
.
.
874
IV.
bcp.exe, BULK INSERT DTS.
. , SELECT
,
. ,
. .

,
SQL Server 2000,
.
. SQL Server 2000
:
(Intent Lock);
(Key Lock);
(Schema Lock).
. . , ,
,

.
, .

.
, . . .
,
. ,
,
, .
, .
,
, .
, , -
19.
875
, .
, .
(~
, .
SQL Server 2000 :

(IS, Intend Shared). -
,
. ,

.
, ,
, ,
.
(IE, Intent Exclusive). -
,
. ,
. ,
70% , ,
.
- (SIX, Shared with Intent Ex-
clusive). , .
, . .
, -
. - . .

, -
876
IV.
( IE). ,
. , (U) (), - .
,
- . - , .
, ,
.
SQL Server 2000 , , , . (Key Locks).
(The phantom read problem) (Serializable).
, ,
, . , .
,
.
, , , , - .
.
,
WHERE .
, . , ,
.
,
.
, . ,
,
;
SERIALIZABLE.
(Shm, Schema Locks).

(DDL, Data Definition Language).
ALTER. -
19.
877
, SQL Server, . .
SQL Server 2000 , , , . . ,
, . ,
systabies, . . systabies , .
, , , , ,
, . . .
SQL Server 2000 :
(Sch-S, Stability Lock).
. ,
. , ,

, , ,
, . ,
. ,
. .
(Sch-M, Modification Lock).
.
, , .
. ,
, ,
ACID.
,
.

,
SQL Server 2000 ACID
. , , . , , .
IV.
878
. . 19.1 SQL Server 2000.

19.1.

S
(S)
(U)
*
*
IS
IX
*
*
SIX
(X)
(IS)
(IX)
- (SIX)
, , ,
. , , , .
,
.
,
, . ,
, .
.

,
. , ,
,
. . , ( ), (1 2).
1, 2. -
19.
879
.
2. 2 . , .
1, . , 1. , , .
, . . , .
, , , .
(~

, . . . .
(deadlock) , ,
. ,
. ,
, .
.
,
. , .
. ,
, ,
.
.
.
:
SET LOCKJHMEOUT t i m e o u t _ p e r i o d
t i m e o u t p e r i o d . . ,
1, .

, -/
. , *
29
.1207
880
IV.
, . . ,
.
SQL Server 2000
,
. ,
.
.
,
, , . ,
. , . ,

, , ,
. ,
.
. .
, . , ,
1205 ( ).
, , ( ) . ,
. ,
:
SET DEADLOCK_PRIORITY {LOW | NORMAL I @ d e a d l o c k _ v a r }
LOW ,
.
NORMAL .
Sdeadiockvar .
3 LOW, 6 NORMAL.
.
,
.
,
- .
.
, , .
20

SQL Server 2000 , .
. , SQL Server 2000.
- .
,
(database owner); dbo .
18
SQL Server 2000. :
;
;
;
;
;
.
, Transact-SQL,

, , . , .
.
IV.
882
/.
"" ,
, .
, , . .
, , .
. ,

, .
.
, t e x t , n t e x t image,
. text, ntext image ,
.
t e x t , ntext image .
, .
, .
, , . . .
, .
, , , .
, , .
,
, .
SQL Server 2000 ,

. . . , ,
, .
, .
20.
883
SQL Server 2000

.
.

, SQL Server 2000 .
, ,
. , /
. , SQL Server 2000
.
, SQL Server 2000 .
.
, , . , . , .
, , . ,
.
. , , .
, .
, ,
, . . ,
, ,
,
.
, SQL
Server 2000 , .

.
, /. .
884
IV.

. SQL Server 6.x
.
,
, .
, . ,
.
7.0, SQL Server
.
( )
.
, .
, .
. , ,
. , , .
. ,
.
, , .
, . ,
. .
, , .
, ,
, , .
, . ,
. SQL Server 2000
.
, , .
, . , . . ,
.
,
. -
20.
885
,
. . ,
.
.

,
. SQL
Server 2000 (raw partition), , (fdisk.exe Windows 98, Disk Administrator Windows NT 4.0
Computer Management Windows 2000), . , .
, .
SQL Server 2000
.
.
, , . .

, , .
(attach) .
, . . SQL Server 2000. . .

SQL Server 2000
(collation),
. SQL Server, . . SQL
Server 7.0, ( ) ,
, . .
, , . ,
.
, , . 4.
886
IV.
SQL Server 2000 . , , , ,

- .
, SQL Server 2000 ,
pubs Northwind.
, , . . , , (case insensitive),
, . AUTHORS Authors
. , .
, (case insensitive),
.
,

, , ,
. , , .

, , . ,
. , SQL Server 2000
.
, ( GOTO),
,
.
. . ,
,
, , , .
, ,
. , , , . :
CREATE TABLE tbll (
Coll nvarchar(lO) COLLATE Latinl_General_CI_AS,
Col2 nvarchar(lO) COLLATE L a t i n l G e n e r a l C S A S
20.
887
t b i i ,
c o l l 12. , ,
. :
INSERT INTO tbll VALUES (N'Aaa1, N'AAa')
, , .
. :
SELECT * FROM tbll WHERE Coll=Col2
:
Cannot resolve collation conflict for equal tc operation.
.
, . . , , ,
. COLLATE, . , :
SELECT * FROM tbll WHERE Coll=Col2 COLLATE Latinl_General_CS_AS
:
Coll
CO12
888
IV.

fnheipcoiiations, :
SELECT * FROM : : f n _ h e l p c o l l a t i o n s ( )
,
. . , .
, :
SELECT name FROM ::fn_helpcollations() WHERE name LIKE 'Cyrillic%'
:
Cyrillic_General_BIN
Cyrillic_General_CI_AI
Cyrillic_General_CI_AI_WS
Cyrillic_General_CI_AI_KS
Cyrillic_General_CI_AI_KS_WS
Cyrillic_General_CI_AS
Cyrillic_General_CI_AS_WS
Cyrillic_General_CI_AS_KS
Cyrillic_General_CI_AS_KS_WS
Cyrillic_General_CS_AI
Cyrillic_General_CS_AI_WS
Cyrillic_General_CS_AI_KS
Cyrillic_General_CS_AI_KS_WS
Cyrillic_General_CS_AS
Cyrillic_General_CS_AS_WS
Cyrillic_General_CS_AS_KS
Cyr i11i c_Gene ra1_CS_AS_KS_WS
,
.
cyriiiicj3enerai_cs_AS.
, . .
(,
Danish_Norwegian_cs_Ai).
, . General
. ,
. , . ,
.
, :
;
;
20.
889
w . , , ( Unicode) (Unicode);
,
Hiragana Katakana.
, . , ,
. , Hiragana Katakana.
:
s ;
i .
, , . CS CI, AS AI, WS WI, KS KI.

,
BIN, ,
(characters set), (code page).
(binary sort order). , .
, . . .
,
Windows
.
COLLATIONPROPERTY, :
COLLATIONPROPERTY (collatlon_name, property)
,
, . property :
'CodePage' Unicode, .
890
IV.
'LCID'
(LCID, locale ID), . SQL Server, NULL.
'Comparisonstyle' , Windows .

Cyrillic_General_CS_Ai:
SELECT COLLATIONPROPERTY('Cyrillic_General_CS_AI', 'CodePage')
SELECT COLIATIONPROPERTY('Cyrillic_General_CS_AI', 'LCID')
SELECT COLLATIONPROPERTY('Cyrillic_General_CS_AI', 'ComparisonStyle')
:
1251
(1 row(s) affected)
1049
(1 row(s) affected)
196610
(1 row(s) affected)
, .
Latinl_General. 1252, . Latinl_Generai:
SELECT name FROM : : f n _ h e l p c o l l a t i o n s ( )
WHERE name LIKE
'Latinl_General%'.
20.
Latinl_General_CS_AS_WS
Latinl_General_CS_AS_KS
Latlnl_General_CS_AS_KS_WS
(17 row(s)
affected)
891
892
IV.
,
. , , ,
. ,
, dbo.
SQL Server 2000 , . , ,
Model. . . , , .
")
, , .
, ,
Model. , Model -
,
. , , -, , . .
, , ,
. , Model, Master, (
). Model
768 , 512 .
Transact-SQL
Transact-SQL
, ,
. .
Transact-SQL:
CREATE DATABASE database_name
4,
[ON [ <filespec> [,...n]] [, <filegroup> [,.. .n]]] "''"'""
[LOG ON { <filespec> [ ,...n ]})
[COLLATE-collation_name]
[FOR LOAD I FOR ATTACH]
20.
893
, C R E A T E D A T A B A S E ,
s y s a d m i n
d b c r e a t o r . ,
, -
CREATE DATABASE. ,
GRANT ALL. -
CREATE DATABASE -
sysadmin securityadmin. , , 9.
:
database_name
, .
Unicode
128 . CREATE
DATABASE.
, . CREATE DATABASE
database_name,
.
, Data
Log .
128 ,
databasename (, ) 123 .
ON
,
, , . ON , .
768 (0,75 ). Model.
LOG ON
, . ,
. ,
LOG ON .
, 25% , 512 , ,
, Log.
QQ4
IV.
COLLATE collation_name
,
. . "
" . , ,
SQL Server 2000.
FOR LOAD

SQL Server ( SQL Server 7.0). FOR LOAD
,
.
( ) sysdatabases. , . . .
, . SQL Server 7.0,
( RESTORE
DATABASE), FOR LOAD .
, FOR LOAD Loading

( dbo use only).
FOR ATTACH
FOR ATTACH
, .

. , FOR ATTACH
, , .
CREATE DATABASE
sysdatabases
. .
,
.

, . , ,

<f i i e s p e o .
, , . .
. ,
.
20.
895
<f i l e s p e o :
< f i l e s p e c > : : = [ PRIMARY ]
( [NAME = l o g i c a l _ f i l e _ n a m e , ]
FILENAME = ' o s _ f i l e _ n a m e '
[, SIZE = s i z e ]
[, MAXSIZE = { m a x _ s i z e I UNLIMITED}]
[, FILEGROWTH = g r o w t h _ i n c r e m e n t ] ) [ , . . . n ]
PRIMARY
, .
,
. , , PRIMARY .
.
. PRIMARY
,
, . . ON.
NAME = logical_file_name
. . , ,
. . .
.
FILENAME = 'os_file_name'
.
SQL
Server 2000,
. .
(compressed) . ,
. ( S I Z E ) (
MAXSIZE), ( FILEGROWTH).
896
IV.
, , dblspace drvspace (
Windows 95/98).
,
mdf, ndf, Idf.
, . , . . .
SIZE = s i z e
, .
, (secondary file) 1 . ,
Model. , ( , ), 512 .
. , ,
, , GB . , 0,5 512 .
, .
d MAXSIZE = { max_size I UNLIMITED }

, ,
. , ,
. MAXSIZE
, , .
UNLIMITED. (
maxsize) , SIZE.
, .
FILEGROWTH = growth_increment
, (growth increment),
. , . , ,
GB, %.
, %
20.
897
. , . . , (
)
( SIZE), , 64 . .
,
,
MAXSIZE. .
[ ,... ]
,
< f i i e s p e o .
, .
< f i i e s p e o .
.
:
PRIMARY
(NAME=PriDataFile,
FILENAMESC:\SQL2000\primary', SIZE=100 MB),
(NAME=SecFilel,
FILENAMESC:\SQL2000\secl', SIZE=1OO MB, MAXSIZE=300, FILEGROWTH=25%)
(NAME=SecFile2,
FILENAME='C:\SQL2000\sec2', SIZE=3O MB, FILEGROWTH=5 MB)
, . CREATE DATABASE
ON. .

,
. , ,
. ,
.
.
, <fiiegroup>,
:
<filegroup>
: : = FILEGROOP f i l e g r o u p _ n a m e < f i l e s p e c >
,...n ]
,
FILEGROUP, .
, . ,
898
IV.

<f i l e s p e o , .

:
FILEGROUP PrimGroup
PRIMARY
(NAME=PriDataFile,
FILENAME='C:\SQL2000\primary', SIZE=100 M B ) ,
(NAME=SecFilel,
FILENAME='C:\SQL2000\secl', SIZE=100 MB, MAXSIZE=300,
FILEGROWTH=25%)
(NAME=SecFile2,
FILENAME='C:\SQL2000\sec2', SIZE=30 MB, FILEGROWTH=5 MB)
20.
899_
, FirewailLog,
:
CREATE DATABASE FirewailLog
ON PRIMARY
=I
(NAME=FirewallPrimary, FILENAME c:\Firewall\Firewalldatal.mdf,
SIZE=120 MB, MAXSIZE=300, FILEGROWTH=15%),
(NAME=FirewallSecl, FILENAME='c:\Firewall\Firewalldata2.ndf',
SIZE=150 MB, FILEGROWTH=25 M B ) ,
( NAME=FirewallSec2, FILENAME^c:\Firewall\Firewalldata3.ndf',
SIZE=150 MB, MAXSIZE=300, FILEGROWTH=25%)
LOG ON
(NAME=Firewalllogl, FILENAME='c:\Firewall\Firewalllogl.ldf',
SIZE=10 MB, MAXSIZE=50 MB, FILEGROWTH=5),
(NAME=Firewalllog2, FILENAME^1c:\Firewall\Firewalllog2.ldf,
SIZE=10, MAXSIZE=50, FILEGROWTH=50%)
,
. stdDB, , .
, :
CREATE DATABASE StdDB
FILEGROUP PrimGroup
PRIMARY
(NAME=StdDB_prm, FILENAME='c:\SQL2000\DataBase\StdDB_Primary.mdf ,
SIZE=75, MAXSIZE=150, FILEGROWTH=15) ,
(NAME=StdDB_secl,
FILENAME='d:\SQL2000\DataBase\StdDB_Secondaryl.ndf',
SIZE=20, MAXSIZE=50, FILEGROWTH=20%),
(NAME=StdDB_sec2,
FILENAME='d:\SQL2000\DataBase\StdDB_Secondary2.ndf',
SIZE=20, MAXSIZE=50, FILEGROWTH=20%) ,
FILEGROUP Groupl
(NAME=StdDB_sec3,
FILENAME=':\SQL2000\DataBase\StdDB_Secondary3. ndf',
(NAME=StdDB_sec4,
FILENAME='d:\SQL2000\DataBase\StdDB_Secondary4.ndf,
(NAME=StdDB_sec5,
FILENAME='e:\SQL2000\DataBase\StdDB_Secondary5.ndf',
FILEGROUP Group2
(NAME=StdDB_sec6,
FILENAME=':\SQL2000\DataBase\StdDB_Secondary6.ndf,
(NAME=StdDB_sec7,
FILENAME='d:\SQL2000\DataBase\StdDB_Secondary7.ndf',
SIZE=30, MAXSIZE=50, FILEGROWTH=25%),
(NAME=StdDB_sec8,
FILENAME='e:\SQL2000\DataBase\StdDB_Secondary8.ndf',
SIZE=3O, MAXSIZE=50, FILEGROWTH=25%),
900
IV.
LOG ON
(NAME=StdDB_Logl, FILENAME^ :\SQL2000\DBLog\StdDB_Logl.ldf',
SIZE=25 MB, MAXSIZE=75 MB, FILEGROWTH=5 MB)
(NAME=StdDB_Log2, FILENAME^d:\SQL2000\DBLog\StdDB_Log2.ldf,
SIZE=25 MB, MAXSIZE=75 MB, FILEGROWTH=5 MB)
Enterprise Manager

Transact-SQL. ,
.

Enterprise Manager.
, , . Enterprise Manager
Transact-SQL ,
CREATE DATABASE, .
. 20.1. Databases
20.
901
SQL Server 2000 Databases

(. 20.1), .
, . ,
, .
,
,
. Registered
SQL Server Properties (. 20.2) Show system databases and
system objects.
Edit SQL Server Registration Properties.
. 20.2. Registered SQL

Server Properties
Database Properties
(. 20.3). :
Databases New Database;
New Database;
Enterprise Manager New Database;
Action New Database.
, Enterprise Manager . , , -
902
IV.
.
.
. 20.3. Database Properties Chair

, Database Properties .
. General (.
. 20.3) ,
.
CREATE DATABASE, General
databse_name COLLATE collation_name.
General .
, (Unknown) () None ().
Database Backup .
, Name,
, CREATE DATABASE. ,
, Collation
name. (Server default), -
20.
903
,
SQL Server 2000.
.
. " ".
,
, ,
Collation name ,
. , .
.
Data Files (. 20.4),
,
.
. 20.4. Database Properties, Data Files

Data Files Database files, . File
Name ,
NAME=logical_file_name,
904
IV.
CREATE DATABASE. Location , FiLENAME='os_fiie_name'.

, Location
.
Locate Database File,
, Location.
Initial size (MB) ,
. -
, , . (), (), GB
() (). Filegroup
, .
PRIMARY. Filegroup
, .
,
, .
, Database files,
(primary file).
(PRIMARY). Enterprise Manager .
Database files. , . - ,
Delete.
, Database files
. .
, Database files,
, . File properties, Data
Files. .
Automatically grow file.
. ,
File properties .
File growth ,
:
20.
905
In megabytes ,
;
By percent . , 10%.
Maximum file size, ,
:
Unrestricted file growth. ,
, . , .
Restricted file growth (MB).
,
.
Data Files .
Transaction Log (. 20.5),
.
. 20.5. Database Properties, Transaction Log
906
_^____
/.
, Transaction Log Data Files. ,

.
, ,
, .
CREATE DATABASE . Enterprise Manager .


Transact-SQL Enterprise Manager.
, , .
Create Database Wizard.
Select Wizard, Run a Wizard,
Enterprise Manager. , .
Database.
,
. , , .
.
Name the Database and Specify its Location
(. 20.6) :
Database name. ,
.
Database file location.
, ,
. , . ,
Select a directory for the files, , .
Transaction log file location. ,
. ,
,
20.
907
.
.
. 20.6. Name the Database and Specify its Location

, Database Settings (. . 8.9) , , Default data directory Default log directory.

, , , , Name the Database Files (. 20.7).
.
Database files,
File Name Initial Size (MB), .
File Name ,
.
, Database file location
.
, Name the Database Files .
, , . -
908
IV.
, Define the
Database File Growth (. 20.8).
. 20.7. Name the Database Files Create Database Wizard
. 2 0 . 8 . Define the Database File Growth Create Database Wizard
20.
(~
909

, , , .
(primary file group).
, .
:
Do not automatically grow the database files ;
Automatically grow the database files .
,
, . ,
.

:
Grow the files in megabytes (MB).
.
.
Grow the files by percent. ,
, .
Maximum file size. ,
:
Unrestricted file growth ;

Restrict the file growth to MB , .
Define the Database File Growth. , . , , ,

- ,
.
,
, ,
Name the Transaction Log Files (. 20.9).
910
IV.
. 20.9. Name the Transaction Log Files Create Database Wizard
. 20.10. Define the Transaction Log File Growth

, Name the Transaction Log Files Name the Database Files (. . 20.7), .
, -
20.
911
Name the Transaction Log Files . ,

, .
Define the Transaction Log File Growth (. 20.10) .
Define the Database
File Growth, .
.
. . ,
:
The name of the database is Administrator Database.
The database files will be placed in
the directory G:\Program FilesXMicrosoft SQL Server\MSSQL$TRELON\data.
The transaction log files will be placed in
the directory G:\Program FilesVMicrosoft SQL Server\MSSQL$TRELON\data.
The database files are:
Administrator Database_Data, size 10
Administrator Database_Sec, size 5
The database files will automatically grow by 10 percent.
The database files' growth is unrestricted.
The transaction log files are:
Administrator Database_Log, size 10
The transaction log files will automatically grow by 5 Mb.
The transaction log files' growth is restricted to 50 Mb.
Finish
CREATE DATABASE . .

. , , , ,
.
.
,
30
.1207
12
IV.
. , . ,
Transact-SQL,
Enterprise Manager. , SQL Server 2000
, Enterprise
Manager .
.
Transact-SQL
, ,
,
. , Transact-SQL .
sp_dboption

s p d b o p t i o n . .
:
sp_dboption [ [ gdbname = ] 'database' ]
[, [ Soptname = ] 'option_name']
[, [ @optvalue = ] 'value']
20.
913
arithabort
auto create statistics
auto update statistics
autoclose
autoshrink
concat null yields null
cursor close on commit
dbo use only
default to local cursor
merge publish
numeric roundabort
offline
published
quoted identifier
read only
recursive triggers
select into/bulkcopy
single user
subscribed
torn page detection
trunc. log on chkpt.
s p d b o p t i o n
, . :
[Sdbname =]
'database'
, .
[@optname =] 'option_name'
, . sp_dboption .
. 20.1.
[Soptvalue =] 'value'
. ,
. @optvaiue
TRUE ON, , FALSE OFF, .
20.1.
ANSI n u l l d e f a u l t

NULL , -
ANSI SQL-92
30*
914
IV.
20.1 ()
ANSI nulls

NULL, TO
UNKNOWN, TRUE FALSE. TRUE
, NULL. FALSE
ANSI padding
, .
, , ,

ANSI warnings
,
, , .
,
.

arithabort
, .
.
, NULL .
,
auto create
statistics
.
, , . .
auto update
statistics
.

,
autoclose
, . ,

autoshrink
20.
915
20.1 ()
concat null yields

null
() NULL NULL. NULL

cursor close on
commit

( , ). ,

( S T A T I C I N S E N S I T I V E )
dbo use only
.

,
default to local
cursor
,
(LOCAL).
(GLOBAL)
merge publish
numeric roundabort
,
.
, , .

a r i t h a b o r t
offline
published
quoted identifier
.

, . . .

, . .
read only
,
" ". , ,

recursive triggers

( ) ( ). ,

, . 20.1,
, . , , , , , ,
, , ,
, .
quoted identifier.
20.
The following options are set:
917
gig
IV.
. , .
sprenamedb, :
sp_renamedb [ Sdbname = ] ' old_name',
[ gnewname = ] 'new_name'-
, , . ,
, .
pubs superPubs:
EXEC sp_renamedb ' p u b s ' ,
'SuperPubs'
, sprenamedb
, ALTER DATABASE MODIFY NAME. , -
ALTER
DATABASE. ,
. ALTER DATABASE, ,
:
ALTER DATABASE d a t a b a s e
MODIFY NAME = new_dbname
, database
, newdbname. :
ALTER DATABASE p u b s
MODIFY NAME = S u p e r P u b s

, .
, . dbo (database owner), . ,
( guest), . dbo , .
.
(,
, ), . dbo,
, . , dbo .
20.
019
, , , spchangedbowner, :
sp_changedbowner [ @loginame = ] 'login'
[ , [ @map = ] remap_alias_flag ]

sysadmin ,
db_owner.
,
. gioginame , dbo ,
, . ,
,
. .
@ dbo
.
True,
, .
@ False,
dbo .
pubs
sa:
USE pubs
EXEC sp_changedbowner ' s a ' ,
'True'

s p h e i p i o g i n s ,
, ,
:
EXEC sp_helplogins 'sa 1
:
LoginName SID
DefDBName
DefLangName
AUser ARemote
sa
master
us english
yes
0x01
(1 row(s) affected)
LoginName DBName
UserName
UserOrAlias
sa
sa
db owner
dbo
MemberOf
User
master
master
YES
20
sa
sa
sa
sa
sa
sa
sa
sa
sa
sa
IV.
model
model
msdb
msdb
Northwind
Northwind
pubs
pubs
tempdb
tempdb
db owner
dbo
db owner
dbo
db owner
dbo
db_owner
dbo
db owner
dbo
Memberof
User
MemberOf
User
MemberOf
User
MemberOf
User
MemberOf
User

Transact-SQL
. s p h e i p d b , :
sp_helpdb [ [ @dbname= ] 'name' ]
,
. . , ,
. :
name ;
d b s i z e , ( . . ), ;
owner , -;
dbid . DB_ID(dbname);
created ;
s t a t u s , ,
s p d b o p t l o n , ;
c o m p a t i b i l i t y l e v e l .
s p h e i p d b
.
:
name ;
f i l e i d ,
;
20.
921
filename ,
, ;
f ilegroup , ;
size ;
maxsize unlimited,
;
growth . , ;
usage . data only
, log only .
,
. sp_heipf i l e , :
sp_helpfile [ [ Sfilename = ] 'name' ]
s p h e i p f i l e . , , . ,
Sfiiename. ,
, , s p h e i p d b .

, . :
sp_helpfilegroup [ [ @filegroupname = ] 'name' J
,
, . ,
.
@f ilegroupname.

:
groupname ;
groupid ;
f iiecount , .
, , :
f i i e i n g r o u p , ;
f i l e i d ,
;
Q22
IV.
filename ,
, ;
size ;
maxsize unlimited,
;
growth . , .

pubs:
USE pubs
EXEC sp_helpfilegroup 'PRIMARY'
:
groupname
groupid filecount
PRIMARY
file_in_group
pubs
fileid filename
1
...\data\pubs.mdf
size
maxsize
1792 KB Unlimited
growth
10%
20.
923
, . . ,
. 20.2.
20.2.

924
IV.
20.2 ()
pubs:
SELECT DATABASEPROPERTYEX('pubs', 'UserAccess')
20.
:
database size
unallocated space
database_name
pubs
2.50 MB
0.52 MB
reserved
data
index _size
unused
1264 KB
456 KB
680 KB
128 KB
, . gobjname. authors:
EXEC sp_spaceused 'authors'

DBCC execution completed. If DBCC printed error messages, contact your system administrator.
926
IV.
Database Name . Log s i z e

() .
Log Space used (%). 0.

,
.
(shrinking database).
.

, . ,
. , , .
.
(truncate transaction Jog).
(~
, . . . , .
13.
BACKUP LOG,
:
BACKUP LOG { database_name I @database_name_var }
{ [ WITH { NO_LOG I TRUNCATE_ONLY ) ] }
databasename ,
. , .
8database_name_var.
( , )
WITH, ,
. NOLOG TRUNCATEONLY -
.
.
SQL Server 2000
.
' t r u n e , log on c h k p t . ' , :
EXEC sp_dboption "database 1 , 'trunc. log on chkpt. 1 , 'TRUE'
20.
927
database . (checkpoint), ,
, . ,
, . . .

. .
. , . :
DBCC SHRINKDATABASE;
DBCC SHRINKFILE.
,
.
.
:
DBCC SHRINKFILE
( { file_name | f i l e _ i d )
{ ( , t a r g e t _ s i z e ) [ , ( EMPTYFILE | NOTRUNCATE I TRUNCATEONLY } ] } )
:
file_name
, . , DBCC SHRINKFILE . , ,
(,
USE database).
file_id
, , ,
.
, ,
F i L E i D C f i i e n a m e 1 ) .
, .
, sysfiles,
. , , .
Q28
IV.
L*] target_size
,
. , , , .
. , .
. t a r g e t s i z e ,
. . , (
),
( ).
EMPTYFILE

. , , . . , .
DBCC SHRINKDATABASE EMPTYFILE
,
ALTER DATABASE REMOVE
FILE. tar-
get_size .
NOTRUNCATE

t a r g e t s i z e ,
. ,
.
.
TRONCATEONLY

,
. , t a r g e t s i z e .
.
DBCC SHRINKDATABASE
NOTRUNCATE TRUNCATEONLY target_size.
pubs
1 . ,
. sysf l i e s :
USE pubs
SELECT f i l e i d , name FROM s y s f i l e s
20.
929
:
fileid name
1
pubs
pubs_log
(2 row(s) affected)
p u b s l o g :
DBCC SHRINKFILE
(2,
1)
:
Cannot shrink file '2' in database 'pubs' to 128 pages as it only contains
96 pages.
, . .
96 (768 ), 1 (128 ).
pubs:
DBCC SHRINKFILE ( 1 , 1)
:
Dbld
Fileid CurrentSize MinimumSize UsedPages
168
80
160
EstimatedPages
160
{1 row(s) affected)
. :
Dbid ;
F i l e i d ;
CurrentSize ;
MinimumSize , ;
UsedPages , ;
EstimatedPages , .

DBCC SHRINKFILE. DBCC
SHRINKDATABASE.
IV.
.
:
DBCC SHRINKDATABASE
( database_name [ , t a r g e t _ p e r c e n t ]
[ , { NOTRUNCATE I TRUNCATEONLY } ] )
:
database_name
, .
target_percent
, . , 100 ,
60 , 40 20
25. ,
, 100
( 1 0 0 + t a r g e t p e r c e n t ) . , t a r g e t _ p e r c e n t
, ( 40). , . , DBCC
SHRINKDATABASE
DBCC SHRINKFILE, .
NOTRUNCATE

,
.
TRUNCATEONLY
,
( ).
. t a r g e t p e r c e n t .
Northwind 20%:
DBCC (Northwind, 20)
:
,
. , ,
. ,
, , -
20.
931
. 1%:
DBCC SHRINKDATABASE (Northwind, 1)
:
Dbld
F i l e l d C u r r e n t S i z e MinimumSize UsedPages
EstimatedPages
352
360
80
352
(1 row(s) a f f e c t e d )
DBCC execution completed.
tem a d m i n i s t r a t o r .
If DBCC p r i n t e d e r r o r messages,
c o n t a c t your s y s -
UsedPages , . , ( C u r r e n t S i z e )
usedPagesx1,01. 355,52 (352x1,01).
C u r r e n t S i z e 360. , ( 8 ).
Enterprise Manager
1 Transact-SQL.
, Enterprise Manager.

.
Properties.
. 20.11 . , ,
. (. 20.11)
General .
,
s p h e i p d b . , :
Name , ;
Status . Normal, Offline,
Restoring, Recovering, Suspect, Read Only, Dbo Use Only, Single User Mode;
Owner ,
;
Data created ;
Size ' ,
, . . ;
932
IV.
Space available ;
Number of users , ;
Last database backup ;
Last transaction log backup ;
Maintenance plan , .
Database Maintenance
Plan Wizard . 12; ,
Collation name , .
. 2 0 . 1 1 . , General
, General ,
. (, )
.
Data Files (. 20.12).
. Data Files
20.
933
. , ,
,
. , , . ,
. Enterprise Manager .
Transact-SQL.
.
. 20.12. , Data Files

Transaction Log (. 20.13)
. , .
.
Filegroups (. 20.14).
. Filegroups, . Name
. Files.
Read-Only Default .
, "
934
IV.
". , , , . Default
.
. , , , .
. 2 0 . 1 3 . , T r a n s a c t i o n Log
, Options (. 20.15)
. Options spdboption. , :
Restrict access.
. :
Members of db_owner, dbcreator, or sysadmin
dbo use
only.
dbowner, dbcreator sysadmin.
Single user
, .
20.
. 20.14. , Filegroups
. 20.15. , Options
935
Q36
IV.
Read-only.
" ".
, . " " , .
Model
, . :
Simple , .
,
;
Full
,
,
;
Bulk-Logged
,
SQL Server ^, .
SELECT INTO, BULK INSERT,
CREATE INDEX, WRITETEXT, UPDATETEXT bcp.exe.
ANSI NULL default. ANSI SQL92 NULL , , NULL.

Recursive triggers. ( ) .
Auto update statistics. .
Torn page detection. .
Auto close. , .
Auto shrink.
.
Auto create statistics. .
Use quoted identifiers. . ,
, . . . -
20.
937
, . . .
Level
, .
(compatibility level) , SQL Server
.
Options .
Permissions (. 20.16)

. , ,
.
,
.
( ), . ,
.
. ,
.
. 20.16. , Permissions
938
IV.
, Permissions:
Create Table ;
Create View ;
Create SP ;
Create Default ;
Create Rule ;
Create Function ;
Backup DB ;
Backup Log .
Permissions, , .

, . .
Transact-SQL.
Transact-SQL
ALTER DATABASE, :
ALTER DATABASE database
{ ADD FILE <filespec> [,. ..n] [TO FILEGROUP filegroup_name]
I ADD LOG FILE <filespec> [,...n] I REMOVE FILE logical_file_name
I ADD FILEGROUP filegroup_name I REMOVE FILEGROUP filegroup name
I MODIFY FILE <filespec> I MODIFY NAME = new_dbname
~
I MODIFY. FILEGROUP filegroup_name {filegroup_property
i NAME = new_filegroup_name}
I SET <optionspec> I,...n] fWITH <termiriation>J
I COLLATE <collation_narae>
}
:
database
, .
ADD FILE
. <fiiespec>, . "
" .
FILEGROUP filegroup_name ,
. ,
20.
939
(default file
group). ALTER DATABASE
.
.
ADD LOG FILE

. ,
<f i l e s p e o . .
REMOVE FILE logical_file_name
ALTER DATABASE ,
logical_fiie_name. . , .
. " "
.
ADD FILEGROUP filegroup_name
.
,
sysfiiegroups. , ADD FILEGROUP
,
, f i l e g r o u p n a m e . .
REMOVE FILEGROUP filegroup_name
, fiiegroup_name. , .
, .
MODIFY FILE <filespec2>
.
<f ilespec2>, :
( NAME=logical_file_name
[ , NEWNAME=new_logical_name ]
[ , FILENAMESos_file_name' ]
[ , SIZE=size ]
[ , MAXSIZE={ max_size I UNLIMITED } ]
[ , FILEGROWTH=growth_increment ] )
NAME=logical_file_name ,
;
40
IV.
NEWNAME=new_logical_name
;
FiLENAME='os_file_name'
. ,
Tempdb. SQL Server;
sizE=size ;
MAXSizE={max_size | ONLIMITED} . UNLIMITED

;
FiLEGROWTH=growth_increment .
MODIFY NAME = n e w _ d b n a m e
.
newdbname.
MODIFY FILEGROUP f i l e g r o u p _ n a m e
,
.
filegroup_name. , NAME=new_filegroup_name, .
f i l e g r o u p p r o p e r t y ,
:
READONLY " ";
READWRITE "-" (
, );
DEFAULT
. , ,
.
COLLATE <collation_name>
ALTER DATABASE ,
. , . . .
SET <optionspec> [,...n] [WITH <termination>]
.

,
< o p t i o n s p e o <termination>, , ,
:
20.
941
<optionspec> ::= <state_option> I <cursor_option> | <auto_option>

| <sql_option> | <recovery__option>
<State_pption> ::= {SINGLEJJSER I RESTRICTED_OSER I MULTIJJSER}
I {OFFLINE I ONLINE} I {READ-ONLY I READ_WRITE}
<cursor_option> : := CURSOR_CLOSE__ON_COMMIT {ON I OFF}
I CURSOR_DEFAULT {LOCAL I GLOBAL}
<auto_option> ::= AUTO_CLOSE {ON I OFF}
I AUTO_CREATE_STATISTICS {ON I OFF} I AUTO_SHRINK (ON | OFF}
I AUTO_UPDATE_STATISTICS {ON I OFF}
<sql_option> ::= ANSI NULL_DEFAULT {ON ! OFF}
I ANSI_NULLS {ON I OFF} ! ANSI_PADDING {ON | OFF}
I ANSI__WARNINGS {ON I OFF} | ARITHABORT {ON I OFF}
I CONCAT_NULL_YIELDS_NULL {ON I OFF}
I NUMERIC_ROUNDABORT {ON | OFF}
I QUOTED__IDENTIFIER {ON | OFF}
I RECURSIVEJTRIGGERS {ON i OFF}
<recovery_option> ::= RECOVERY {FULL | BULK^LOGGED | SIMPLE}
I TORN_PAGE_DETECTION {ON | OFF)
<termination>, WITH,
. . <termination> :
<termination> ::= ROLLBACK AFTER integer [SECONDS]
I ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE I NO_WAIT
ROLLBACK
AFTER
integer
[SECONDS]
. , ;
ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE
ALTER DATABASE;
NOWAIT ,
ALTER DATABASE , .
. , ALTER DATABASES. Northwind
MyGroup, ,
:
ALTER DATABASE Northwind ADD FILEGROUP MyGroup
. :
ALTER DATABASE Northwind ADD FILE
(NAME=SecFilel, FILENAME='C:\SQL2000\secl',
42
IV.
SIZE=10 MB, MAXSIZE=25, FILEGROWTH=25%),

(NAME=SecFile2, FILENAME='C:\SQL2000\sec2,
SIZE=10 MB, FILEGR0WTH=5 MB)
TO FILEGROUP MyGroup
s e c F i i e 2 ,
, 50 , 10%,
TxtimgData.
ALTER DATABASE Northwind
MODIFY FILE
( NAME=SecFile2, NEWNAME=TxtImgData, MAXSIZE=50 MB, FILEGROWTH=10%)
, , Bulk-Logged:
ALTER DATABASE Northwind
SET SINGLE_USER, RECURSIVEJTRIGGERS ON,
RECOVERY BOLK_LOGGED WITH ROLLBACK AFTER 15 SECONDS

SQL Server 2000 . (detach) , sysdatabases Master . .
,
.
(attach) .

. , -
.
. .
, .
:
sp_detach_db [Sdbname =]
'dbname1
[,
[@skipchecks =]
'skipchecks']
, .
.
TRUE.
,
(, -), . . -
943
20.
.
" " (read only).
, .
, .
Enterprise Manager.
All Tasks,
Detach Database. Detach Database
(. 20.17),
, Update statistics prior to
detach. , , .
. 20.17. Detach
Database
pubs
:
EXEC sp_detach_db ' p u b s ' , 'TRUE'
,
, sysdatabases
Master .
,
. :
sp_attach_db [@dbname =] 'dbname', [Sfilenamel =] 'filename_n' [,...16]
,
. ,
.
3 1 . 1207
IV.
944
.
sysfiles,
. ,
.
, . s p a t t a c h d b
16 . , CREATE DATABASE FOR ATTACH.
(~
. ,
, ,
Log.

pubs:
EXEC sp_attach_db 'pubs' ,
'G:\Program FilesXMicrosoft SQL Server\MSSQL$TRELON\Data\pubs.mdf'
, . .
. ,
, .

CREATE DATABASE FOR ATTACH:
CREATE DATABASE pubs
ON PRIMARY (FILENAME =
'G:\Program FilesNMicrosoft SQL Server\MSSQL$TRELON\Data\pubs.mdf')
FOR ATTACH
s p a t t a c h d b , . , :
sp_attach_single_file_db [Sdbname =]
'dbname1,
[@physname =] 'physical_name'
, .
, . , .
Enterprise Manager Attach Database (. 20.18),
Databases, All Tasks,
Attach Database.
20.
945
. 20.18. Attach
Database

. . :
DROP DATABASE database_name [ ,...n ]
,
. , . sysdatabases,
.
, . ,
, .
DROP DATABASE Master.

Model, Tempdb, Msdb Master.
31*
21

. ,
. , . .
. . . 21.1 authors pubs, Enterprise Manager.
pubs Microsoft SQL Server 2000 . .
. 21.1. authors pubs
21.
947

, .
, , , , , .
SQL Server 2000
Enterprise Manager, Transact-SQL. , SQL Server 2000 .
,
, ,
,
. . ,
.
, , .
17. , ,
. .

, , , ,
.
(constraints) , . SQL Server 2000 :
Check ,
;
Null ;
Default ;
Unique ;
Primary Key ;
Foreign Key ;
No Action .
SQL Server 7.0;
Cascade .
948
IV.
~^
SQL Server 2000.
Check
Check
, .
, . ,
.
, cost , 100 15,
:
cost>=15 AND cost<=100
cost BETWEEN 15 and 100
. . ,
, Check
. ,
mincost , maxcost , cost ,
. , cost
mincost maxcost. :
cost>=mincost AND cost<=maxcost
Check SQL Server 7.0.

(rules).
SQL Server 2000
.
. .
. "" 18. .
Microsoft
Check . ,
21.
949
SQL Server .
.
Check.
SQL Server 2000 .
,
Check.
Null
SQL Server 2000 , .
, 0 . , ,
. NULL.
, ,
NULL
.
,
NULL. . ,
, .
, , NULL, .
:
SET ANSI_NULL_DFLT_ON (ON
OFF}
ON , ( ) , ;
SET ANSI_NULL_DFLT_OFF
{ON
OFF}
NULL .
ANSI_NULL_DFLT_ON ANSI_NULL_DFLT_OFF SET -
. ON, OFF. OFF .

, (NULL)
(NOT NULL) .
, .
gSQ
IV.

sp_configure 'user o p t i o n ' . Enterprise Manager.
MSSQLServer Connections Default connections options .
, , sp_dboption. .
Default
,
. ,
Address cityiD, , .
, . cityiD
(defaults),
,
. ,
, .
.

, ,
.
,
(SID, Security ID) , . , .

S U S E R S I D O . SQL Server 2000 .
ROWGUIDCOL , NEWIDO.

(GUID, Global Unique Identifier) .
.
.
ROWGUIDCOL
. , . .
.

.
, (computed) . , , , .
21.
951_
Default SQL Server 7.0.

, .
, .
,
, .
. "" 18.
, SQL Server 2000 . . Microsoft
, , . .
. SQL Server 7.0.
, SQL Server 2000 (
) .
Unique
,
. ,
, ,
. , .
.
Unique . , . , ,
. , , Unique .
Unique ,
,
(NULL). Unique .
Unique .
.
IV.
952
Primary Key
. , . , ,
.
(~
17.
. (Primary Key).
SQL Server 2000 ,
.
.
Primary Key
(Unique Index), , Unique, ( ) . , Unique
.
, ,
, SQL Server 2000 .
(NULL). Unique Primary Key. , ,
Unique. , , .
N U L L , Unique, , Primary Key. SQL Server 2000

, ,
Unique.
,
. t i n y i n t , s m a i i i n t , i n t b i g i n t . ,

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21.
953
Foreign Key
, ( )
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, . , . SQL Server 2000
.
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, .
, , ,
. , ,
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.
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SQL Servetf 2000 , -
954
IV.
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,
. .
.
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( )
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, . , ,
,
. .
, , , No Action, a
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, SQL Server 2000
, , . -
21.
955
, , . , .
COLLATE , .
. " " ,
.

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type). ,
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21.
957
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.
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, . .

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- .

. , ,

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- :
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,
, .
, - .
, ,
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Q58
IV.

Transact-SQL

SQL Server 2000 . ,
. , , .
Transact-SQL, Enterprise Manager.
Transact-SQL.
, Transact-SQL . SQL Server 7.0
Transact-SQL. , Enterprise Manager
(computed columns),
, . Enterprise Manager , , -
,
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.

:
. , , 18 20 . ,
, , , ,
. .
.
SQL Server 2000 CREATE
TABLE. .
CREATE TABLE
[database_name.[owner] I owner] table_name
({ <column_definition> I column_name AS compi}ted_column_expression
I <table_constraint>} [ , . . . n ] )
[ON {filegroup | DEFAULT}]
[TEXTIMAGE_ON {filegroup | DEFAULT}]
21.
959
.
database_name
, .
. , . ,
, ,
.
owner
, . ,
. . . , ,
. sysadmin
db_owner db_ddiadmin
, . , , , . sysadmin db_owner dbo.
table_name
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.
, .

.
,
116 #.
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, ,
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.
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. , , (price) (count), -
960
IV.
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, , .
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.
, , .
, ,
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Default.
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image, .
. -
21.
961
. , .
.
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DEFAULT, TO image, t e x t ntext
.

, , <coiumn_def i n i t i o n > , :
< column_definition > : : = {column_name data_type}
[COLLATE <collation_name>]
[[ DEFAULT c o n s t a n t _ e x p r e s s i o n ]
I [IDENTITY [ ( ' s e e d , increment ) [NOT FOR REPLICATION]]]
]
[ROWGUIDCOL]
[< column_constraint >] [ . . . n ]

:
column_name
, .
. SQL Server 2000 Unicode, .
, , %, * . ., ,
. . timestamp, .
.
timestamp.
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,
. SQL Server 2000,
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.
, .
. " " . , -
962
IV.
, .
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, ,
.
time stamp
IDENTITY. , ,
, .
.
IDENTITY [(seed,
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. SQL Server 2000

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.
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s m a l l i n t , t i n y i n t , d e c i m a l (,0) numeric (p, 0 ) .
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, IDENTITY . 1 1.
.
seed, increment.
NOT FOR REPLICATION

IDENTITY . SQL Server 2000
. , . IDENTITY IDENTITY
, .
, IDENTITY
NOT FOR REPLICATION.
IDENTITY .
ROWGUIDCOL
ROWGUIDCOL, TO
SQL Server 2000
(row global unique identifier Column).
, , (merge replication). ROWGUIDCOL -
21.
963
uniqueidentifier.
.
ROWGUIDCOL
.
unique N E W I D O .
NEW () , .
<column_constraint>
.

.
[ ...]
, , .

,
<coiumn_constraint>.
. <column_constraint>
:
< c o l u m n _ c o n s t r a i n t > : : = [CONSTRAINT c o n s t r a i n t _ n a m e ]
{[NULL I NOT NULL] | [{PRIMARY KEY I UNIQUE}
[CLUSTERED I NONCLUSTERED]
[WITH FILLFACTOR = f i l l f a c t o r ]
[ON { f i l e g r o u p I DEFAULT}]] I [[ FOREIGN KEY]
REFERENCES r e f _ t a b l e [ ( r e f _ c o l u m n ) J
[ON DELETE {CASCADE I NO ACTION}]
[ ON UPDATE {CASCADE I NO ACTION}]
[NOT FOR REPLICATION] ] I CHECK [NOT FOR REPLICATION]
(logical_expression)
}
CONSTRAINT
constraint_name
CONSTRAINT , . constraint_name
, .
. CONSTRAINT constraintname . -
gg4
IV.
,
.
NULL I NOT NOLL
,
.
. NULL , NOT NULL . ,
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.
, .
UNIQUE
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,
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. NONCLUSTERED
. .
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Unique . Unique ,
.
. , .
WITH FILLFACTOR = fillfactor

(fill factor)
. -
21.
965
1% 100%. , .
. 0, 100% .
ON { f i l e g r o u p I DEFAULT}

(filegroup), .
. DEFAULT, TO
,
.
FOREIGN KEY...REFERENCES ref_table [(ref__column)]
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REFERENCES , Foreign Key. . ,
Foreign Key,
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, ,
ref_tabie.
. .
ref_coiumn .
ON DELETE {CASCADE I NO ACTION}
Cascade No Action .
,
( CASCADE) ( NO ACTION).
ON UPDATE {CASCADE I NO ACTION}
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( CASCADE)
( NO ACTION).
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,
Foreign Key ,
966
IV.
, . ,
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. NOT FOR REPLICATION
Check
.
(~
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CHECK
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. FALSE, TO .
,
.
. Check
.

. . , Primary Key Unique
. .
.
<tabie_constraint>, :
< t a b l e _ c o n s t r a i n t > : : = [CONSTRAINT c o n s t r a i n t _ n a m e ]
( [ {PRIMARY KEY | UNIQUE}
[CLUSTERED | NONCLUSTERED]
{ (column [ASC I DESC] [ , . . . n ] ) }
-[WITH FILLFACTOR = f i l l f a c t o r ]
21.
967
[ON { filegroup I DEFAULT }] ] I FOREIGN KEY [(column [ ,...n])]

REFERENCES ref_table [(ref_column [ ,...n])J
[ON DELETE {CASCADE I NO ACTION}]
[ON UPDATE {CASCADE | NO ACTION}]
[NOT FOR REPLICATION] I CHECK [ NOT FOR REPLICATION]
(search_condit ions)
}
,
. , :
CONSTRAINT constraint_name
CONSTRAINT , . c o n s t r a i n t n a m e
, .
. CONSTRAINT constraint_name . ,
.
PRIMARY KEY, UNIQUE, CLUSTERED, NONCLUSTERED
, .
.
(column
[ASC
DESC]
[,...n])
, .
ASC ( ) DESC ( ) ,
( ).

CREATE TABLE
.
Employees, .
EmpiD
. 1000
1. PassNum PassSer
, , .
.
(Lname, Fname Sname) ,
. NULL,
, . :
gS8
IV.
CREATE TABLE Employees

(EmpID int IDENTITY (1000,1) PRIMARY KEY,
PassNum nvarchar(6) NOT NULL, PassSer nvarchar(lO) NOT NULL,
Lname nvarchar(30) NOT NULL, Fname nvarchar(30) NULL,
Sname nvarchar(30) NULL, UNIQUE (PassNum, PassSer))
, jobs, employee publ i s h e r s pubs.

.
jobs
CREATE TABLE jobs
(job_id smallint IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED,
job_desc varchar(50)
NOT NULL DEFAULT 'New Position - title not formalized yet 1 ,
min_lvl tinyint NOT NULL CHECK (min_lvl>=10),
max_lvl tinyint NOT NULL CHECK (max_lvl<=250))
employee
CREATE TABLE employee
(emp_id empid CONSTRAINT PK_emp_id PRIMARY KEY NONCLUSTERED
CONSTRAINT CK_emp_id CHECK (emp_id LIKE
1
[A-Z][A-Z][A-Z][1-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][FM]' or
emp_id LIKE ' [A-Z]-[A-Z] [1-9] [0-9] [0-9] [0-9] [0-9] [FM] ' ) ,
/* , , 10000 99999
( - , W - ). ,
, . */
fname varchar(20) NOT NULL,
minit char(l) NULL,
lname varchar(30) NOT NULL,
job_id smallint NOT NULL DEFAULT 1 REFERENCES jobs(job_id),
job_lvl tinyint DEFAULT 10,
pub_id char(4) NOT NULL DEFAULT ('9952') REFERENCES publishers(pub_id),
hire_date datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT (getdate(J))
publishers
CREATE TABLE publishers
(pub_id char(4) NOT NULL CONSTRAINT UPKCL_pubind PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
CHECK (pub_id IN ( 3 8 9 1 , '0736', '0877', '1622', '1756')
OR pub_id LIKE '99(0-9][0-9]'),
pub_name varchar(40) NULL,
city varchar(20) NULL,
state char(2) NULL,
country varchar(30) NULL DEFAULT('USA'))

, , . , ,
, . . . SQL
21.
969
Server 7.0 . , . ,
, ,
. .
SQL Server 7.0, . , , . ,
, , .
,
.
SQL Server 2000, . ,
. . SQL
Server . , .
,
SQL Server 2000. SQL
Server 6.x (compatibility level) 65 60, . ,
70 80 , :
t e x t , ntext image;
(computed) , ;
, ;
. varchar varbinary,
;
, CREATE STATISTICS . ,
;
, ;
, Unique
Check. (varchar, nvarchar varbinary);
, . , ,
;
ROWGUIDCOL.
IV.
970
. (, ).
Enterprise Manager, Transact-SQL. Transact-SQL. Enterprise Manager

.
Transact-SQL ALTER
TABLE, :
ALTER TABLE t a b l e
{ [ALTER COLUMN column_name
(new_data_type [ ( p r e c i s i o n ! , s c a l e ] ) ]
[COLLATE <collation_name>]
[NULL
NOT NOLL J
{ADD
DROP} ROMGUIDCOL
ADD ( [ < c o l u m n _ d e f i n i t i o n > ]

column_name AS c o m p u t e d _ c o l u m n _ e x p r e s s i o n } [ , . . . n ]
[WITH CHECK I WITH NOCHECK] ADD { < t a b l e _ c o n s t r a i n t > } [ , . . . n ]
DROP {[CONSTRAINT] c o n s t r a i n t _ n a m e | COLUMN column} [ , . . . n ]
{CHECK | NOCHECK} CONSTRAINT {ALL I c o n s t r a i n t _ n a m e [ , . . . n ] }
{ENABLE I DISABLE} TRIGGER {ALL I t r i g g e r _ n a m e [ , . . . n ] } }
:
table
, . (owner)
(database), . ,
dbo. , .
ALTER COLUMN column_name
ALTER COLUMN , . coiumn_name , , . , timestamp.

timestamp.
new_data_type [(precision!, scale])]
new_data_type ,
. ,
,
( precision)
( scale).
21.
971
,
.
,
NULL . ,
timestamp. IDENTITY , .
,
.
. " " 20.
NULL I NOT NULL
, (NULL). NULL , NOT NULL

. ,
NULL , .
,
, . NULL ,
NULL. NULL, TO
. NULL, TO
WITH VALUES.
NULL.
NULL , .
NULL ,
NULL. , NULL.
{ADD
DROP}
ROWGUIDCOL
,
ROWGUIDCOL .
u n i q u e i d e n t i f i e r .
ROWGUIDCOL.
ADD
,
( . . ) .
/2
IV.
<column_definition>
.
. " " .
column_name AS computed__column_expression
(computed) .

.
. " " .
[, . . . ]
, ALTER TABLE
.
.
[WITH CHECK I WITH NOCHECK] ADD
, . WITH CHECK

( ), ,
. WITH NOCHECK
.
- .
<table_constraint>
,
.
. " " .
DROP {[CONSTRAINT] c o n s t i n t _ n a m e | COLUMN column_name}
. c o n s t r a i n t n a m e
CONSTRAINT. COLUMN,
(coiumn_name). :
;
;
, Check, Unique,
Primary Key Foreign Key;
, (default)
;
, (rule).
21.
973
, , , .
.
, .
{CHECK I NOCHECK} CONSTRAINT

. CHECK .
. NOCHECK ,
. CHECK
FOREIGN KEY .
ALL I constraint_name[,...n]
, .
ALL , . c o n s t r a i n t n a m e . , .
{ENABLE I DISABLE} TRIGGER
(ENABLE)
(DISABLE) .

. , INSERT, UPDATE
DELETE .
DROP TRIGGER.
.
D ALL I t r i g g e r _ n a m e f , . . . n ]
, .
ALL .
.

, ,
, ,
,
. Enterprise Manager . Transact-SQL .
Q74
N.
.
sp_heip,
. :
sp_help [[Sobjname =] name]
(name) , . ,
authors pubs :
USE pubs
sp help 'authors'
s p _ h e l p ,
, . , .
, ,
.
,
. .
. :
.
:
Name , ;
owner ;
.
user table;
Created datetirae .
. ,
.
.
.
:
coiumn_name .
nvarchar(128), . .
128 Unicode.
, . , . .
nvarchar (126).
21.
975
computed yes,
. ,
(computed), . varchar (35).
Length , .
i n t .
Prec .
( . . ), . char (5).
scale .
,
. 0.
char (5).
Nuiiable yes,
. ,
(NULL).
. varchar (35).
TrimTraiiingsBianks ,
. yes, . , . .
, (n/).
v a r c h a r (35).
FixedLenNullinSource SQL Server 2000,

SQL Server 7.0, .
varchar(35).
Collation ,
.
identity. IDENTITY. :
i d e n t i t y , IDENTITY.
nvarchar(l28).
IDENTITY,
No identity column defined.
Seed ,
. numeric, .
increment .
IDENTITY.
numeric, .
3 2 . 1207
97$
IV.
Not For Replication i n t ,

0 1. 1, IDENTITY . IDENTITY ,
. 0, .
ROWGUIDCOL. ,
ROWGUIDCOL. RowGuidCol, sysname.
,
ROWGUIDCOL. , No
rowguidcol column defined.
. , . t e x t ,
ntext image .
Data_iocated_on_fiiegroup,
nvarchar(128).
. , . :
indexname , .
sysname.
i n d e x d e s c r i p t i o n ,
( , ,
. .) , . varchar(210).
i n d e x k e y s , .
, .
nvarchar (2078).
, . :
c o n s t r a i n t t y p e . , . , Check a u i d
CHECK on column a u i d . nvarchar (14 6).
Constraintname , . ,
SQL
Server 2000
(-
CK_authors_au_id_08EA5793). nvarchar (128).
D e i e t e a c t i o n , . cascade No Action.
21. 1 :\
977
U p d a t e a c t i o n ,
,

. cascade NO Action.
s t a t u s e n a b i e d , . SQL Server 2000

Check Foreign Key. , Disabled. Enabled.
, , (/). varchar (8).
s t a t u s _ f o r _ r e p i i c a t i o n ,
.
Check Foreign Key, .
i s F o r R e p i i c a t i o n . Not_For_Repiication. Check
Foreign Key (/).
varchar(19).
constraint_keys , . Check
, , Default . .
nvarchar (2078) .
. , Foreign Key, .
. , .
Table is referenced by, nvarchar (516).

,
,
. s p h e l p , ,
, . . ,
.
. , , . , , , .
, , , ,
.
32*
978
IV.
, ,
spdepends, :
sp_depends [Sobjname =] 'object'
('object')
, . . , , .
, sp_depends , .
spdepends
, sysiogins Master:
USE Master
1
EXEC sp_depends ' s y s i o g i n s
:
In the current database, the specified object references the following:
name
type
updated selected column
,
.
21.
, . ,
. syslogins
.
, .

s p h e l p , Foreign Key .
. , .
SQL Server 2000 s p f k e y s ,
. :
sp_fkeys [@pktable_name
[,[@pktable_owner =]
[, [@pktable_qualifier
{, [@fktable_name =]
[, [@fktable_owner =]
[,[@fktable_qualifier
=] 'pktable_name'
'pktable_owner']
=] 'pktable_qualifier']
'fktable_name'}
'fktable_owner']
=]
'fktable_qualifier']

:
[@pktable_name =] 'pktable_name'
,
, .
[@pktable_owner =] 'pktable_owner']
,
. , ,
(dbo,
database owner).
[@pktable_qualifier =]
'pktable_qualifier']
, , . , , .
[@fktable_name =]
'fktable_name'
, . ,
[@fktable_owner =] ' fktable pwner' ]
. ,
( [@fktable_qualifier =]
'fktable qualifier ]).
980
IV.
~)
sp_f keys , . , .

, ,
. DROP TABLE,
:
DROP TABLE t a b l e _ n a m e
, ,
tabie_name. -
. , .
, , .
.
, Foreign Key . ( ), .
(constraints)
(triggers), . (rules) (defaults) . .
,
. . ,
. .
,
. SQL Server 2000 ,
. , .
.
(truncate)
TRUNCATE TABLE.

Enterprise Manager
Transact-SQL. ,
, -
21.
981
,
. Enterprise Manager,

.
, , . ,
Enterprise Manager
Tables (. 21.2), . ( Name), ( Owner), (
) (User) (System),
( Create Date).
, . ,
Show system databases and objects.
. 21.2. Tables
IV.
982

, (
), .
Enterprise Manager
New Table (. 21.3),
Tables New Table.
. 21.3 New Table. , .
. 21.3.
New Table
New Table .
, , .
, . . .
,
21.
983
. ,
:
Column Name. , .

. .
.
, , ,
, ,
. ,
.
Data . , ,
.
Length. , . ( char, nvarchar, binary ) ,
, .
(, i n t , datetime, money
. .) Length .
Allow Nulls. NULL. , ,
timestamp,
NULL .
.
,
,
Set Primary Key. , , .
. 21.3 .
New Table.
, ,
.
. , :
Description.
, .
Default Value. , .
Precision. ( . .
), . ,
(decimal). numeric decimal.
( )
, (approximately),
Q84
IV.
r e a l float, (24 53 )
.
(tinyint, smallint, int bigint).
Scale.
,
. ,
.
Identity. Yes,
-.
.
Identity Seed. ,
.
Identity Increment. , -
.
Is RowGuid , uniqueidentif i e r , Yes No. ,
ROWGUIDCOL CREATE TABLE.
Default Value newid (). , . ,

. ,
uniqueidentif i e r newid ().
Formula. ,
. ,
(computed columns).
, , , . .
, , ,
NULL, . . .
Collation. ,
, . .
, .
,
, ( <database default>). ^ Collation.
, . 21.4.
21.
985
, , .
Save, .
Choose Name, ,
. .
, Enterprise Manager ,
Choose Name.

.
, , , , . 21.4.
Check. Properties,
.

, .
Properties (. 21.5), Table and Index Properties, .
Properties ,
. ,
. Selected table, , . ,
.
, Properties .
(. . 21.5) Tables
. ,
:
Selected table.
, .
.
986
IV.
. 21.5. Properties,
Tables
Owner. ( ) , . , .
Table name. Selected table ,
, .
Table Identity Column.
, -. ,
-
. , , .
Table ROWGUID Column.
, u n i q u e i d e n t i f i e r .
, .
Table Filegroup.
, . ,
987
21.
( t e x t , n t e x t image) .
(
PRIMARY).
Text FHegroup. ,
t e x t , ntext
image.
Description. .
.
Tables .
.

Relationships (. 21.6),
. Relationships ( ) , ,
, .
. 21.6. Properties,
Relationships
988
IV.
, :
Table name. , .
New. , ,
.
Delete. ,
Selected relationship.
Selected relationship.
, . ,
, .
Relationship name. , . , .
Primary key table. , . .
.
Foreign key table. , . , , .

. .
, ,
,
. ,
. , :
Check existing data on creation. , , .
, ,
, .
Enforce relationship for replication.
NOT FOR REPLICATION
CREATE TABLE. , ,
.
^
Enforce relationship for INSERTS and UPDATES.

989
21.
. :
Cascade Update Related Fields

.
,
, .
Cascade Delete Related Records

. .
Relationships .

Properties, ,
Indexes/Keys (. 21.7), ,
.
.
. 21.7. Properties,
Indexes/Keys
IV.
, , Table name , .
Selected index,
, , Unique
Primary Key. .
Unique
New. ,
Indexes/Keys . , Delete
, Unique.
, Selected index. :
Index ;
Primary key ;
Unique Unique,
.
( ) Index name. . , , Unique Primary Key. ,
Column name Order, . ,
.
.
Index Filegroup
, . Create UNIQUE .

. ,
:
Constraint
Unique;
Index .
Ignore duplicate key.
( )
, .
, . ,
. ,
,
.
991
21.
Fill factor,
, . Pat Index, .
:
Create as CLUSTERED.
. , . .
Do not automatically recompute statistics. ,
.
Indexes/Keys .

, Check Constraints (. 21.8),
Check , .
. 21.6. Properties,
Check Constraints
_ ^ _ ^ _ _
IV.

.
. , Constraint expression. ,
. , , , .
:
Check existing data on creation.

.
Enforce constraint for replication. , , NOT
FOR REPLICATION Check
CREATE TABLE.
Enforce constraint for INSERTS and UPDATES.

, .
.
Check,
.

Enterprise Manager . , ,
Transact-SQL.
Design Table, , New Table,
.

Properties, , .
. 21.9.
, . , ( Rows), , ( Filegroup),
.
Permissions,
.
\
993
21.
. 21.9.

Enterprise Manager <Delete>, Delete
. ,
, , , .
Dependencies for (. 2I.10). ,
All Tasks, View Dependencies.
Object,
, .
, . ,
, . . .
Objects that depend on
'objectname' n Objects that 'objectname' depends on1.
, . -
' 'objectname' , . .
994
IV.
,
.
. 21.10.
22

. ,
, , , , , . .
. ,
, . , .
SQL Server 2000
. - . .
(views) ,
. ,
, .
SELECT,
. SELECT. To Coin) (union) , , , .
, ,
, , . , , ,
, , . , .
. , , SELECT * FROM <table_name>. . SELECT
,
996
IV.
, , ,
. 32 .
,
,
. , , 1024. .
.
, , - SELECT, , ,
.
, ,
.
.

SQL Server 2000 :
Enterprise Manager;
Create View Wizard;
Transact-SQL.

Enterprise Manager.
. ,
, , , .
, ,
Transact-SQL, . Transact-SQL, .
Transact-SQL
Transact-SQL CREATE
VIEW, :
CREATE VIEW [ < d a t a b a s e _ n a m e > . ] [ < o w n e r > . ] v i e w _ n a m e
[(column [ , . . . n ] ) ]
[WITH < v i e w _ a t t r i b u t e > [ , . . . n ]]
.
AS s e l e c t s t a t e m e n t [WITH CHECK OPTION]
22.
997
:
<database_name>
, . ,
. SQL Server, . .
SQL Server 7.0, . ,
.
<owner>
,
. , .
d view_name
, .

. ,
, . # ##, . . SQL
Server 2000 .
(column
[,...])
,
. (column [, .. .])
,
SELECT, .
, SELECT
, , ,

. (column [, .. .])
, . ,
, .
(
SELECT. (column [, . . . ] ) .
<view_attribute>

. :
< v i e w _ a t t r i b u t e > : : = {ENCRYPTION | SCHEMABINDING I VIEW_METADATA}
:
WITH ENCRYPTION.
, .
998
IV.
syscomments,
. ,
,
.
SCHEMABINDING. ( )
( ),
. ,
,
.
( ) , .
SCHEMABINDING
, .
VIEWMETADATA.
DBLIB, ODBC OLE DB API , , .
AS select_statement
SELECT, . ,
, ,
. .
, , , . .
, :
, , , . .
ORDER BY;
COMPUTE, ;
INTO,
;
WITH CHECK OPTION
,
,
. ,
SELECT, , WHERE
price>=20, , p r i c e
20.
999
22.
sysobjects, .
, . , , syscomments. SELECT,
. WITH ENCRYPTION, TO syscomments . syscoiumns
, .
, , sysdepends,
.
:
CREATE VIEW union_view AS
SELECT title_id, title=CAST(title as char(30))+
CASE WHEN LEN(title)>30 THEN '...' ELSE " END,
value=price*ytd_sales, type='psychology1
FROM titles_psychology
UNION
SELECT title_id, title=CAST(title as char (30)) +
CASE WHEN LEN(title)>30 THEN '...' ELSE '' END,
value=price*ytd_sales, type='business'
FROM titles_business
, :
SELECT * FROM union_view
:
title id title
value
type
BU1032
The Busy Executive's Database ...
BU1111
Cooking with Computers: Surrep...
BU2075
You Can Combat Computer Stress...
BU7832
Straight Talk About Computers
PS3333
Prolonged Data Deprivation: Fo...
PS1372
Computer Phobic AND Non-Phobic...
PS2091
Is Anger the Enemy?
PS7777
Emotional Security: A N e w A l g o . . .
PS2106
Life Without Fear
(9 row(s) affected)
81859.0500
46318.2000
55978.7800
81859.0500
81399.2800
8096.2500
22392.7500
26654.6400
777.0000
business
business
business
business
psychology
psychology
psychology
psychology
psychology
Enterprise Manager
Transact-SQL. Enterprise Manager.
1000
IV.
Enterprise Manager , , Views (. 22.1). ,

( Name), ( Owner),
( ),
( Create Date).
. 22.1. Views

Views New View New . New View (. 22.2),
.
,
:
Diagram Pane. , , , , .
, Add table . Add Table, Diagram Pane. Add Table -
22.
1001
Tables, Views, Functions, , , ,

.
. 22.2. New View

,
, ,
. , , .

( SELECT).
. Sort Ascending,
,
Sort Descending, . ORDER BY SELECT,
. , -
1002
IV.
. , , , .
JOIN SELECT. ,
Diagram Pane, Grid Pane SQL Pane.
Grid Pane. , Diagram Pane. Grid Pane
, , .
, Diagram Pane.
Diagram Pane
, Grid Pane Column. ,
,
Diagram Pane. ,
. ,
,

, . Alias , . , .
Table ( ),
. Column
, Column ,
Table. Output , .

Diagram Pane. , SELECT .
Sort Type ,
. Ascending ( )
Descending ( ). ,
, . Sort Order. ,
, Criteria, ,
.
,
. .
, Or. -
22.
1003
, , , OR. , ,
. , AND,
AND.
SQL Pane. SELECT, . ,
SQL Pane. , ORDER BY, WHERE.
,
.
SQL Pane.
SELECT 29.
Results Pane. , . , , , ,
. , Results Pane,
.

, .
Save .
Save As (. 22.3),

. 22.3. Save As
.
. Views .
Transact-SQL.
.
Views,

Design View. ,
New View.
CREATE VIEW,
,
1004
IV.
Properties .
View Properties (. 22.4), CREATE VIEW. , .
Check Syntax
. , .
. 22.4. View Properties

View Properties Permissions Object
-Properties (. 22,5),
.

Tasks, a
View Dependencies, Dependencies for,
. ,
Enterprise Manager . , Open View, Return All Rows.
22.
1005
. 22.5. Object Properties

Create View Wizard
, Transact-SQL Enterprise Manager.
Create View Wizard. , , . , .
. ,
,
Enterprise Manager.
Select Wizard,
, Enterprise Manager ,. Run a Wizard.
Databases.
^ . ,
, , .
.
1006
IV.
Select Database (. 22.6)

, . ,
,
.
.
. 22.6. Select Database Create View Wizard
Select Objects (. 22.7). , , (. .

FROM SELECT). Table Name
, .
Table Owner.
Include in View.
, ,
Select Columns (. 22.8),
, .
,
. Data Type , .
Select Column (^ SELECT).
, Define Restriction (. 22.9),
, WHERE SELECT,
. SELECT, -
22.
1007
WHERE, 29. , WHERE , , , .
. 22.7. Select Objects Create View Wizard
. 22.8. Select Columns Create View Wizard

33
.1207
1008
IV.
. 22.9. Define Restriction Create View Wizard

Name the View , .
.
.
. 22.10. Create View Wizard
22.
1009
(. 22.10) .
CREATE VIEW, , . . Finish
,
.
Enterprise Manager, Transact-SQL.
.

.
, , . .
SQL Server 2000 , .
, .
,
, . ,
, .
, , .
, ,
. FROM . ,
, .
WITH CHECK OPTION
WHERE, TO , , WHERE.

, ,
.
.
GRANT,
DENY.
( ) , REVOKE.
*
1010
IV.
:
SELECT
;
UPDATE , ;
INSERT , , . .
;
DELETE .

.

, .
( ), , , ,

. , , , , . , ,
, , , ,
.
. ,
, , , , .
, ,
, .
.

. , , . ,
sprename, .
,
. sprename :
sp_rename [@objname =]. 'object_name', [@newname =] 'new name', 'OBJECT'
22.
1011
.
1
'object name . new_name'. OBJECT '

.
,
:
sp_rename 'union_view', 'view2', 'OBJECT'
, , .
.
.

, .
. .

,
. , . ,

WHERE, .
ALTER
:
VIEW,
ALTER VIEW [<database_name>.][<owner>.]view_name

[ (column [, . . . n ] ) ]
[ WITH <view_attribute> [,...n]]
AS select_statement [WITH CHECK OPTION]
CREATE VIEW .
ALTER TABLE WITH CHECK OPTION, TO
, ,
. ,
WITH CHECK OPTION , .
,
. -
IV.
1012

,
,
, ,
, .
, SQL Server 2000
, .
, ,

, s p h e l p , :
sp_help [[@objname =] name]

, , . . 22.1 ,
.
, .
22.1.
22.
1013
22.1 ()
Identity
Seed
nvarchar (128)
numeric
, IDENTITY
,

numeric
Increment
-
Not For
int
sp_help

Yes,
. Replication

. IDENTITY,
.
.
.

. RowGuidCoi, -
, , ,
,

.
,

spheip, . , , Query Analyzer.

, .
syscomments , .

spheiptext -
1014
IV.
syscomments. s p h e i p t e x t . syscomments:
SELECT t e x t FROM syscomments where id = OBJECT_ID('union_view')
:
text
CREATE VIEW union_view AS
SELECT title_id, title = CAST(title as char(30)) +
value = price*ytd_sales, type = 'psychology'
UNION
SELECT title_id, title = CAST(title as char(30))
(1 row(s) affected)
s p h e i p t e x t .
22.
W15
, , ,
, . .

sysdepends spdepends,
.
sysdepends , . .
, .
.
s p d e p e n d s , :
sp_depends [Sobjname =]
'object'
, .
spdepends
unionview:
sp_depends
'union_view'
:
In the current database, the specified object references the following:
name
type
updated selected column
In the current database, the specified object is referenced by the following:

name
type
, union_view ,
.

,
, .
, .
1016
IV.
Transact-SQL:
DROP VIEW { v i e w }
[,...n]
, . .
, DROP VIEW .
.
.
dbo. ,
, .
spchangeobjectowner, :
sp_changeobjectowner [Sobjname =]
'object1,
[Snewowner =]
'owner'
23
.
, . . . . , ,
. ,
. , .

, .
, . , - . , .
. , ,
. , ,
.
, .
- , . , ,
, . ,
, . ,
,
. , .
.

, , ,
, .
. ,
. ,
1018
IV.

.
,
.
. , , .
SQL Server 2000

, . , ,
(composite index).
, ,
.
,
.
,
.
, .
. , , . ,
, .
. , . .
SQL Server 2000 .
, ,
, . ,
. ,
, - , . SQL Server 2000.
, SQL
Server 2000, " ",
, . . .

.
, . .
, .
23.
1019
, . , , , .

, .
,
, , . ,
,
.

,
. ,
.
. , ( . . )
, , .
,
.
, . , , ,
, WHERE
, . , . .
.
,
. , , .
, , , , , . - ,
, .
SQL Server 2000 :
(Nonclustered Index);
1020
IV.
(Clustered Index);
>
(Unique Index).
, . , .

, , , .
,
, , , . , . ,
. ,
, ,
,
. . .
.

, , .
, . SQL Server 2000
. , . . SQL Server 7.0, . , .

. (RID, row locator row identificator)
:
(ID file). ,
.
, . , . ,
.
sysfiies, .
(ID page). ,
, 8- ,
23.
1021
. , .
.
(slot number) .
,
(),
. , ,
.
. , .

,

.
. , , ,
.
.

, . .
SQL Server 2000 249. 45 . ,
, 16.

900 . , , . ,
( , var), 900 .
, , 900 ,
. . , ,
, 900 .
, , . :
, , . , , 0 1, . .
.
, . . ,
,
.
1022
IV.

WHERE HAVING. SELECT, TO
.
10 .
. ,
i n t b i g i n t .
.
, . .

, , . . ,
,
. , , . . (row locator).
. .
, .
.
, .
.
, . .
,
. . BETWEEN, >, >=, <= <.
, , , ,
. ,
.
23.
1023
, . ,
.
, ,
.
. ,

. , .
,

.
,
, . , ,
,
, RID.
, RID, ,
.
, .
.
,
, .
.
,
, . , .
, . :
, ,
. ,
, 0 1.
. BETWEEN, >, >=, <= <, , .
1024
IV.
( GROUP BY)
( JOIN), (FOREIGN KEY).
.
,
.

(OLTP).
. .

, (Unique Index) .
, , .
. ,
, ,
.
.
. -
. , UNIQUE, .

, .
, ,
.
. , ,
, , ,
.
,
.
, .
,
, Unique Primary Key.
.
(Primary Key) .

.
.
, /
23.
1025

,
(page). ,
, (data page).
8- . ,
, (index page).
, ,
1
18.
* * " "
. (slot), . ,
.
. , .

. , ,
. ,
, . .
, (FAT, File Allocation Table) (
FAT) .
.
. ,
.
. .
, .
: ;
;
, "" . ,
,
(split) .

, . ;
, . . ^, .
, , ^ ., . , ,
1026
IV.
.
, . . . ,
.
,
. SQL Server 2000
.
(fill factor) ,
. ,
.
,
, .
. ,
,
240 , 70%,
168 . 72
.
, . , . ,
, ' .
, . ,
(DSS,
Decision Support System), , 100%. , DSS ,
.
(OLTP,
Online Transaction Processing), , . . OLTP
.
, - (IDENTITY), TO
,
. , - . ,
.
,
.

23.
1027
, . SQL Server 2000 , . ,

, .
,
SQL Server 2000 (rebuild index),
. ,
(Database Maintenance
Plan). , , .

SQL Server 2000 .
, .
.
Enterprise Edition Developer Edition.

.
, , . . , ,
.
, ,
. . ,
, .
, , .
t e x t ,
ntext image, .
,
, . :
1028
IV.
ANSI_NULLS QUOTEDIDENTIFIER ON:
, ,
, ON.
.
. , ,
,
, .
,
, SCHEMABINDING.

, ,
.
,
. , SUSERSNAME (),
HOST_NAME () . .
,
SELECT, :
+.
.
.
,
.
FROM , , (rowset
function).
DISTINCT.
ORDER BY, COMPUTE COMPUTE BY.

CONTAINS FREETEXT.
' AVG, MAX, MIN, STDEV,

STDEVP, VAR VARP.
D GROUP BY SELECT
COUNT_BIG(*), CUBE, ROLLUP HAVING.
S E L E C T , ,
GROUP BY, TO
, GROUP BY. , , .
23.
1029
, , , , . CREATE
INDEX, OFF NUMERIC_
ROUNDABORT, ON :
ANSI_NULLS
ANSI_PADDING
ANSI_WARNINGS
ARITHABORT
CONCAT_NULL_YIELDS_NULL
'-.
.
..
""'
QUOTED IDENTIFIERS

. .
:
' " '
, ,- ,
-.
J
.
'.
, . .
, .
.
. .
, . , ,
. .
. .

SQL Server 2000 , .
, *> . ,
Create Index Wizard,
. Enterprise Manager. ,
,
.
. ^, ; ,
Transact-SQL, ' .
Transact-SQL ,
. , . .
1030
IV.
, , .

,
, ,
. , . , :
(
Primary Key). ,
. (CLUSTERED),
. , (NONCLUSTERED).
UNIQUE.
. CREATE TABLE , . , .

CREATE INDEX, .
, .
21.
Primary Key Unique
.
Transact-SQL
Transact-SQL.
CREATE INDEX, :
CREATE [UNIQUE] [CLUSTERED I NONCLUSTERED]
INDEX index_name ON { t a b l e I view}
(column [ASC | DESC] [ , . . . n ])
[WITH < i n d e x _ o p t i o n > [ , . . . n ] ]
[ON f i l e g r o u p ]
UNIQUE
, . . ( ) -
23.
'
1031
. ,
. , .
, ,
,
.
IGNOREDUPKEY, . NULL.
, NULL
, . .
. , NULL, , NULL. . INSERT
UPDATE, .
CLUSTERED
,
. . . ON f iiegroup,
. , 20%
. CLUSTERED ,
. , .
.
NONCLUSTERED
.
249 .
,
( ).
index_name
, .
. . ( ),
(, ).
,
.
128 .
tO32
4acn.IV. -
t a b l e
v i e w '''
"
:'
'
''"
-'" -'
'"
''
&'''
, , ^
, .
(column
[ASCI
DESC]
[', . . . ] )
, . , (composite index), .
t e x t , n t e x t , ima$e b i t . ,
(computed) ,
SQL Server. , 16,
900 .
DESC
. ,
SQL Server 2000.
, .
. ,, ,
70%, 20% 50% , , , , .
WITH <iridex_option>"{,...n]

. < i n d e x _ o p t i o n > ;. .
' , . . ' , ,,.-. . , : . .. . ..:'
..
. 4, ADJENBPX | F I L L F A C T O R s = X i l l f a c t o r I IGNORE_DUP_KEY | , .
. BRQPJEXIgTJNG I STATISIICS_NPRECOMPUTE I SORTÎN_TEMPDB }
PAD_INDEX
,.....-"

.

FILLFACTOR, . . . 1
, PADINDEX
, ; .
,
FJbLFACTOR = f i l l f a c t o r
' ' , . .

23.
1033
. . , ,
,
.
f n i f a c t o r 1 100. 100 ,
UPDATE INSERT. FILLFACTOR
,
,
.
e p c o n f i g u r e ' f i n f a c t o r 1 .
SQL Server 2000
0, 100% .
, . . .
, ,
, .
IGNORE_DUP_KEY
, . . UNIQUE, , .
IGNOREDUPKEY, ( )

, .
, . , .
IGNOREDUPKEY , , . IGNORE_DUP_KEY .
.
DROP_EXISTING

, , .
,
.

.
, . . DROP INDEX, TO -
1034
IV.

.

.
.
DROPEXISTING, TO .
SQL Server 2000 , D R O P E X I S T I N G .
STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE
,
.
.
, UPDATE
STATISTICS NORECOMPUTE.
SORT_IN_TEMPDB

Tempdb,
. ,
Tempdb , ,
. , , .
SORTINTEMPDB SQL Server 2000.
ON filegroup
,
. ,
.
,
Categories Northwind PK_Categories CategoryiD.
. DROPEXISTING

:
USE Northwind
GO
CREATE UNIQUE CLUSTERED
103S
23.
INDEX [PK_Categories] ON [dbo].[Categories]
WITH DROP_EXISTING
ON [PRIMSRY]
[CategorylD])
Enterprise Manager
TransactSQL.
Enterprise Manager. .
Manage Indexes (. 23.1),
, All Tasks,
Manage Indexes.
. 2 3 . 1 . Manage
Indexes
, Manage Indexes:
Database.
, . ,
Table/view ,
.
Table/view. , .
(), .
IV.
1636
Include system objects. ^ Table/view , .

Existing indexes. ,
, Table/view. ,
:
Index ;
Clustered Yes,
;
Columns , .
New. .
Edit. ,
.
Delete. , Existing indexes.
, Manage
Indexes. '. , Database Table/view , .
New. Create New Index (. 23.2),
.
. 23.2. Create
New Index
23.
Create Iêw Index Index name,

. ,
. .
, ,
. Column ,
.
. Sort Order , .
, .
:
(Data Type), (Length),
NULL (Nullable), (Precision), (Scale).
Up Down
. , . .
. , , .
, Index options:
Clustered index. . , ( ) .
Unique values. .
:
Ignore duplicate values
( )
,
, .
Pad index.
.
Drop existing. , , , .
Fill factor. , .
Do not recompute statistics (not recommended). ,
.
File group.
,
1038
IV.
.
,
, .
,
. Edit SQL, Edit Transact-SQL Script (. 23.3). CREATE INDEX, . ,
Create New Index. , . Parse. Execute,
, .
. 2 3 . 3 . Edit
Transact-SQL Script

Create New Index.
Edit Existing Index,
Edit Manage Indexes,
. Edit Existing Index
Create New Index .
Create Index Wizard

,
Create Index Wizard.
23.
1039
Select Wizard, Run a

Wizard, Enterprise Manager.
,
.
,
.
Select Database and Table (. 23.4) , .
,
Database name Object name. , .
, .
, , .
. 23.4. Select Database and Table Create Index Wizard
Current Index Information (. 23.5). ,

. , ,
. ( Index Name), (
Clustered), , ( Columns). Current Index Information , . ,
, .
Cancel .
3 4 1207
1040
IV.
. 23.5. Current Index Information Create Index Wizard
. 23.6. Select Columns Create Index Wizard

,
Select Columns (. 23.6), ,
. Include in Index, . -
23.
1041
Sort Order(DESC),
.
Specify Index Options (. 23.7) . ,
:
Make this a clustered index.
. ,
, .
Make this a unique index. ,
, .
Fill factor. :
Optimal
( ) ;
Fixed
.
. 23.7. Specify Index Options Create Index Wizard

,
(. 23.8), . Move Up Move Down
. ,
34*
1042
IV.
. ,
Finish, .
Completing the Create

Index Wizard
The columns included n the nonclustered index on the
'Employees' table in the 'Northwind' database ace shown
below.
. 2 3 . 8 . Create Index Wizard

, SQL Server 2000
. . , .
, , .
, ,
. (rebuild index).
DBRE INDEX, :
DBCC DBREINDEX
(['database.owner.table_name'
[WITH NO_INFOMSGS]
[,
index_name
[,
fillfactor]]])
DBCC
23.
1043
database.owner.table_name
, . , . ,
.
index_name
,
. , ,
, .
fillfactor
,
. 0 f i l l f a c t o r , , .
WITH NO_INFOMSGS
0 10.
, . , , .
DBCC DBRE INDEX -

.
, .
, , .
sprename,
:
sp_rename [Oobjname =] 'object_name', [Snewname =] 'new_name', 'INDEX'
object_name , . newname.
1044
IV.

,
.
,
, .
DROP INDEX, :
DROP INDEX
'table.index
[,...n]
, DROP INDEX
.
DROP INDEX ,
,
Primary Key Unique.
, .

, ,
- .
DBCC SHOWCONTIG, :
DBCC SHOWCONTIG
[ ({table_name I table_id I view_name I view_id}
[, index_name I index_id])]
[WITH {ALL_INDEXES I FAST [, ALL_INDEXES]
I TABLERESULTS [, {ALL_INDEXES}] [, {FAST | ALL_LEVELS }]} ]
:
{table_name I table_id I view_name | view_id}

( ),
. , , .
23.
1045
, .
.
ALL_INDEXES
,
,
.
FAST
, . , , .
TABLERESULTS

(rowset) .
,
.
(
table) .
ALL_LEVELS

TABLERESULTS . , .
DBCC SHOWCONTIG
( WITH TABLERESULTS). , , . , :
Pages Scanned. .
Extents scanned. (, extents)
.
Extent Switches. , DBCC SHOWCONTIG.

, , .
Avg. Pages per Extent. .
Scan Density [Best Count: Actual Count]. . , . ,
. ,
, -
1046
IV.
, .
8 ( ). , .
, .
. ,
.
scan Density, . 100% .
Logical Scan Fragmentation. ,
. ,
. 0%.
, IAM ,
, .
, , .
Extent scan Fragmentation. ,
. ,
. , 0%.
d Avg. Bytes free per Pages.
.
. , , .
, .
. , 8 .
Avg. Page density ( f u l l ) . .
, , .
,
. .
authors
pubs:
DBCC SHOWCONTIG (authors)
:
DBCC SHOWCONTIG scanning authors' t a b l e . . .
Table: ' a u t h o r s ' (1977058079); index ID: 1, d a t a b a s e ID: 5
TABLE l e v e l scan performed.
23.
- Pages Scanned
- Extents Scanned
- Extent Switches
- Avg. Pages per Extent
- Scan Density [Best Count:Actual Count]
- Logical Scan Fragmentation
- Extent Scan Fragmentation
- Avg. Bytes Free per Page
- Avg. Page Density (full)
DBCC execution completed. If DBCC printed error
tem administrator.
1047
: 1
: 1
: 0
: 1.0
: 100.00% [1:1]
: 0.00%
: 0.00%
: 6010.0
: 25.75%
messages, contact your sys-
, . , :
ObjectName , ;
object id ,
;
indexName ;
indexid ;
Level ;
Pages , ;
Rows ;
D MinimumRecordSize ,
;
MaximumRecordSize ,
;
AverageRecordSize , ;
Extents , .
, , DBCC SHOWCONTIG WITH TABLERESULTS, . .
. , Query Analyzer,
, , :
USE pubs
GO
DBCC SHOWCONTIG (authors) WITH TABLERESULTS, ALL LEVELS
24
, SQL Server 2000 (statistics).

, .
sysindexes, .
.
s t a t b l o b , image,
2 .
, .
, .
. . ,
.
"" ,
. ,

.
. .
SQL Server 2000

, .

CREATE STATISTICS,
:
CREATE STATISTICS statistics_name
ON {table I view} (column [,...n])
[ WITH [ [ FULLSCAN | SAMPLE number (PERCENT I ROWS}] [,] ]
[ NORECOMPUTE]
24.
1049
:
statistics_name
,
.
(table I view}
, . , .
(column [, . . .] )
, .
(computed) t e x t , ntext image.
FULLSCAN
, . . ,
.
SAMPLE number {PERCENT I ROWS}

.
PERCENT, ROWS. SAMPLE loo PERCENT
FULLSCAN. FULLSCAN SAMPLE num-
ber .
NORECOMPUTE
,
,
. , - . .

, , . , , UPDATE STATISTICS,
:
UPDATE STATISTICS {table | view}
[ index | (statistics_name[,
n]) ]
[ WITH [ [FULLSCAN] | SAMPLE number {PERCENT | ROWS}] | RESAMPLE ]
[[,] [ALL I COLUMNS | INDEX]
[[,) NORECOMPUTE]
1050
IV.
:
{table I view}
, .
.
index
,
. ,
.
(statistics_name[,...])
,
.
FULLSCAN
, . . , .
SAMPLE number {PERCENT | ROWS}

. number. PERCENT, TO
number , ,
100%. ROWS, TO
number . SAMPLE
100 PERCENT FULLSCAN. FOLLSCAN
SAMPLE number PERCENT .

RESAMPLE

, ( ),
.
ALL
COLUMNS
INDEX

(COLUMNS), (INDEX) (ALL).
NORECOMPUTE

. NORECOMPUTE, TO
.
24.
1051
UPDATE STATISTICS , . ,
UPDATE STATISTICS .
SQL Server 2000 spupdatestats, :
sp_updatestats [[Oresample =] 'resample']
, .
' resample' RESAMPLE UPDATE STATISTICS. .
,
, UPDATE STATISTICS, sp_autostats,
.
:
sp_autostats [Stblname =] 'table_name'
[, [Oflagc =] 'stats_flag']
[, [Sindname =] 'index_name']
table_name ,
. index name , . , , s t a t s f lag,
ON OFF, , . s t a t s f i a g , .
index_name, .
, authors pubs:
USE pubs
EXEC sp_autostats authors
:
Global statistics settings for [pubs]:
Automatic update statistics: ON
Automatic create statistics: ON
Settings for table [authors]
Index Name
[UPKCL_auidind]
[aunmind]
[_WA_Sys_state_07020F21]
[_WA_Sys_contract_07020F21]
[_WA_Sys_city_07020F21]
[_WA_Sys_au_fnarae_07020F21]
(6 row(s) affected)
AUTOSTATS Last Updated

ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
1999-06-03
1999-06-03
1999-04-26
1999-05-06
1999-05-06
1999-06-30
19:20:05.407
19:20:05.557
12:20:54.780
22:29:56.840
22:30:30.327
14:58:11.703
1052
IV.

, , i|oe . .
:
DBCC SHOW_STATISTICS ( t a b l e , t a r g e t )
t a b l e ,
. ( ) t a r g e t .
:
updated. .
ROWS. .
Rows sampled. ,
. ,
Rows.
steps. , .
Density. .
Average key length. , .
All density. .
Columns. , .
steps. , .
:
DBCC SHOW_STATISTICS (authors, [_WA_Sys_au_fname_07020F21])
:
Statistics for collection '_WA_Sys_au_fname_07020F21' .
Updated
Rows
Rows Sampled Steps Density
Jun 30 1999 2:58PM
(1 row(s) affected)
All density
23
23
Columns
23
4.3478262E-2
Average key
17.130434
24.
Albert
Ann
Anne
Burt
Charlene
Cheryl
Dean
Dirk
Heather
Innes
Johnson
Livia
Marjorie
Meander
Michael
Michel
Morningstar
Reginald
Sheryl
Stearns
Sylvia
1053
V.
25. Transact-SQL
26. SQL Server 2000
27. SQL Server 2000
28. ,
29.
30.
31.
32.
25
Transact-SQL

.
.
(SQL,
Structured Query Language).
SQL . , , , SQL. , (query), .
. , .
SQL 1970 . IBM. SQL .

. SQL
.
SQL.
SQL , .

.
SQL ,
, . , ,
, , . . .
1992 . (ANSI,
American National Standard Institute) SQL, ANSI SQL-92-
, , . ., . ,
ANSI SQL-92 .
ANSI SQL-92
, .
, -
1058
V.
. , . ,
.
ANSI SQL-92
,
.
Microsoft, ,
SQL, Transact-SQL.
SQL Server 2000 ,
ANSI SQL-92, , .
Transact-SQL Microsoft, .
25. Transact-SQL
1059
, .
.
DECLARE, :
DECLARE {@local_variable data_type} [,..]
@. , .
.
1060
V.
PRINT @
SELECT
;,,,
,.,-
... . .
:
15

SELECT , .
PRINT . SELECT
.
.
SQL Server 2000 . : . , tempdb
.
, , , tempdb.
SQL Server 2000 t a b l e .

.
t a b l e .
(global temporary table)
, , . . , ,
. ,
.
,
. , . ,
. . .
,
##. ,
tempdb .
. -
25. Ttansact-SQL
1061
. ,
, .
, DROP TABLE ,
. , , .
,
, ' .
(local temporary table) , . .
. ,
, .
.
' . , . . , .
. , ,
. .

#.
#.
:
CREATE TABLE #Tbll_tmp (TID int, TName nvarchar(15) NULL)
INSERT INTO #Tbll_tmp (TID, TName) VALUES (1234, 'String values')
SELECT * FROM #Tbll_tmp
DROP TABLE #Tbll_ttnp

#Tbii_tmp TID TName.
. , .
^
(1 row(s) affected)
TID
TName
1234
String values
(1 row(s) affeeted)
1062
V.
INTO
SELECT:
USE pubs
SELECT au_id, au_lname, au_fname INTO ##GlTbl
1
FROM authors WHERE state != 'CA
SELECT * FROM ##GlTbl
INTO SELECT .
Transact-SQL , ,
, . . Transact-SQL (expression). : ,
, , . . Transact-SQL, . , Transact-SQL .
Transact-SQL, ,
. , .
. ,
(, ).
Transact-SQL :
(constants). ,
25. Transact-SQL
1063
. , 3+l2.52*@vari 3
12.52. : ' P a v e l S i p k i n ' , 0x254 62 9 NULL.
evari 17,83 -5,62, 0,78. :
DECLARE @Varl decimal (10,2)
SET @Varl = (-5.62+17.831*0.78
SELECT @Varl
:
V.
^^ :
2G0O-05-O1 ' 11-: 15:13.330
(1 row(s)' a f f e c t e d )
Sipkin !
(column name). (DELETE, UPDATE SELECT) -
,
WHERE ,
.
, . ,
.
authors.
SELECT 5 , :
USE pubs
SELECT TOP 5 au_fname+' '+city
FROM authors WHERE state='CA'

Johnson Menlo Park
Marjorie Oakland
Cheryl Berkeley
Michael San Jose
Dean Oakland
(5 row(s) affected)

. ,
. t i t l e s ,
p r i c e y t d s a l e s
@varl.
DECLARE @Varl money
SET @Varl=0
SELECT @Varl=price*ytd^sales FROM titles
SELECT @Varl
25. Transact-SQL
1065
. ,
. , ,
:
SELECT title FROM titles WHERE title_ID IN (
SELECT title_id FROM authors, titleauthor
WHERE titleauthor.au_id=authors.au_id AND state != 'CAM
:
Title
Silicon Valley Gastronomic Treats
The Gourmet Microwave
Is Anger the Enemy?
Life Without Fear
Onions, Leeks, and Garlic: Cooking Secrets of the Mediterranean
Fifty Years in Buckingham Palace Kitchens
(6 row(s) affected)
, ,
:
DECLARE @Varl money
SET @Varl = 10*(SELECT MAX(price) FROM titles)
SELECT @Varl
:
Warning: Null value eliminated by aggregate or other set operation.
1066
V.
CASE
CASE, :
CASE input_expression
WHEN when_expression THEN result_expression
[...n]
[ELSE else_result_expression]
END
input_expression ,
CASE .
,
. WHEN ,
m p u t e x p r e s s i o n resuit_expression,
THEN. [...] ,
.
ELSE (else_result_expression),
.
25. Transact-SQL
1067
s t a t e 'UT'; ' 1 '&,1; ' ' ' I N 1 ; ' 1 ' M I 1 '

' s t a t e . , , .
SELECT au_lname+' '+CASE state
WHEN 'UT1 THEN ' '
WHEN 'KS' THEN ' '
WHEN 'IN' THEN ' '
WHEN 'MI' THEN ' '
ELSE ' ' END
FROM authors WHERE state != 'CA'
:
Smith
Greene
Blotchet-Halls
del Castillo
DeFrance
Panteley
Ringer
Ringer
(8 row(s) affected)
CASE . . , ,
, : , 1 ; 10 ,
15 , 27 , 65
. CASE. I F ,
. , IF . CASE, CASE (search CASE function):
CASE WHEN Boolean_expression THEN result_expression
[..]
[ELSE e l s e _ r e s u l t _ e x p r e s s i o n ]
END
, , CASE,
,
Booiean_expression, WHEN. THEN ( r e s u i t e x p r e s s i o n ) ,
.
, ,
.

:
1068
DECLARE, Varl smalluatetime, @Vax2 int
. .
SET @Var 1 = 4 3 aug 1978'
SET @Var2=DATEDIFF(yy, SVarl, GETDATEO)/ 365
SELECT @Var2, CASE WHEN @Var2<l THEN ''
WHEN @Var2<10 THEN ''
WHEN @Var2<15 THEN ''
WHEN @Var2<27 THEN ' '
WHEN @Var2<65 THEN ' '
ELSE ''
END
V.
. ,,;.
. ..
@Vari ,
@var2 , . ,
. :
25. Transact-SQL
1069
CASE, : ' 1
' s t a t e ' ; ' ' 'Meander', 'Morningstar' 'Michel'. ' '
, . :
SELECT au_fname, s t a t e , CASE
WHEN state='CA' THEN ' '
WHEN au_fname IN ('Meander', 'Morningstar', 'Michel') THEN ' '
ELSE ' 1
END FROM authors
:
fname
state
COALESCE
COALESCE , NULL.
, , , . .
COALESCE :
COALESCE (expression [,..])
expression , .
[, ...] , COALESCE
1070
V.
. COALESCE:
DECLARE @Varl int, @Var2 int, @Var3 int
SET @Var2=1024
SELECT COALESCE (@Varl,@Var2,@Var3)
SET @Varl=17
SELECT COALESCE (SVarl, @Var2,@Var3)
25. Transact-SQL
1071
1072
V.
, . . - . , ,
. . , , .
Transact-SQL :
, (unary);
(assignment);
(arithmetic);
(string concatenation);
(comparison);
(bitwise);
(logical).
.

. , , , .
:
+ (Positive). . +1. , . . ,
, , .
+ .
- (Negative). . 1.
~ (Bitwise NOT). ,
. .
:
SELECT +12.345, ~7, - 1 3 . 3 , + - 3 , - + ,
1073
:
1 2 . 3 4 5 . ' - 8 . .-;
;. 1 3 . 3 . , - 3 ,; ; . . - 6 ,
( 1 r o w ( s ) a f f e c t e d ) . . . ; j l . . : ,.-_ , v , ,.-.
>
.-.., 2 ,
?, ,-; : , . .. .,,
..
.
, . . ,
, (+ -) (-) , 0. , -7 0-7.

Transact-SQL =.

, SELECT, .
.
, :
D E C L A R E @ V a r l n v a r c h a r ( @Var2:,int
S E T @Varl='Pavel Sipkin1
.
SET @Var2=(12+5*-27)/4
.....
. . . . . . .
,,
:
SELECT 'title-, 'Value'=pri'ce*yt;d_s:aies FROM titles WHERE type=' business '
: ,
title
Value
The Busy Executive's Database Guide" -' : :;

Cpokipjg wi_th,Conputers,:>:S.urp(epti,îpus, Balance . Sheets .:
You Can Combat Computer'stress! " ' '\ ' .'
'81859.0500
46318.2000
55978.7800
S t r a i g h t " f a W : - A b o u t ^ t f o m p u t f e s ' ' '" ":: '";
'
N ro\i(s): atfebtid)'- t-''-.i" ' '
"' .r- * " -/;;- '-'
- . ' - ' < ' . } " : ,
"
\ -
" - , ' ' . . '
*i '
" ' : -
< ! " . ! ' . .
'
'
-.'
'';'
:
'
'
81859.0500'
'
'
'
,
value, ,
'BiisifeesS "^^ -'
. . , ? ,:^..^*|.,;, - , ,
^ CAS^^SNUjLL^.COALbSCE . .
=
.
35*
1074
V.

.
:
(Add) +. , datetime smalldatetime .
, .
(Subtract) . ,
datetime smalldatetime .
, .
(Multiply) *.
, datetime smalldatetime.
(Divide) /.
, datetime smalldatetime.
(Modulo) %.
, datetime, smalldatetime,
money smallmoney.
money, smallmoney binary.
datetime:
DECLARE SVarl d a t e t i m e , @Var2 d a t e t i m e
SET @Varl=GETDATE()
SET @Var2=@Varl+1.125
SELECT '. '=@1, '. '=@2
:
.
2000-05-01 19:38:51.663
(1 row(s) affected)
2000-05-02 22:38:51.663
money:
DECLARE gVarl money
SET @Varl=$123.25
SELECT @Varl, @Varl*2, 6Varl+17.25, @Varl/5
:
123.2500
246.5000
(1 row(s) affected)
140.5000
24.6500
25. Transact-SQL
1075
DECLARE @Varl b i n a r y ( 2 )
SET @Varl=OxlOFl
SELECT @Varl, @Varl+O, @Varl%7, @Varl+83, @Varl*3
. .
:
OxlOFl 4337
4
(1 row(s) affected)
4420
13011

, .
+ + (Positive).
:
DECLARE @Varl nvarchar(15), @Var2 nvarchar(15)
SET @Varl='Pavel1
SET Var2='Sipkin'
SELECT @Varl+' '+@var2+' - '
:
Pavel Sipkin -
(1 row(s) affected)
C~

. , R T R I M ,
S U B S T R I N G .

. I F , CASE WHERE . Transact-SQL :
(Equals) =;
(Greater than) >;
(Less than) <;
(Greater than or Equal to) >=;
(Less than or Equal to) <=;
I (Not Equal to) ! =;
1076
V.
(Not Less than) !<;

(Not Greater than) ! >.

, .
,
: TRUE , FALSE
.
, T R U E F A L S E .
,
( I F , CASE, WHERE . .). Transact-SQL
, . ,
, , b i t .
. , CASE .
I F :
IF DATEPART(hh, GETDATE())>12 SELECT ' 1
ELSE SELECT ' '
WHERE
.
SELECT:
SELECT au_fnante, phone, address FROM authors WHERE contract=0
:
au_fname
phone
address
Meander
Morningstar
Dirk
Heather
(4 row(s) affected)
913
615
415
707
843-0462
297-2723
843-2991
448-4982
10 Mississippi Dr.
22 Graybar House Rd.
5420 Telegraph Av.
301 Putnam
:
SELECT t i t l e , type, [ ]=price * ytd_sales FROM t i t l e s
WHERE price>=19.99 AND advance!=5000 AND ytd_sales!<4095
:
title
type
But Is It User Friendly?
Secrets of Silicon Valley
(2 row(s) affected)
popular_comp 201501.0000
25, Ttansaei-SQL
(
1077
;:>;.>.,.>:.;-;....;
...
;.

, . ( U P D A T E )
, .(} . ; :
. .

.
, Transaet-SQL ;;
"" (Bitwise AND) &.
,1,
1. 0.
"" (Bitwise OR) |.

, ,1.
0,

1,
0.
(Bitwise Exclusive OR, XOR) . ,

0. 1.
, , i n t
(4 ), s m a l l i n t (2 ), t i n y i n t (1 ), b i n a r y ( 8 ), varbinary
( 8 ) b i t (1 ).
binary varbinary.
, . , i n t s m a l l i n t ,
i n t ; t i n y i n t smallint
smallint . .
binary varbinary i n t ,
smallint tinyint.
:
SELECT 0x7FFFFFFF+0, 0x02435253026534224001i-,Q,. 0x0^435353026534224001
SELECT 1 1, 1 2, 3| (-127)., 15 7, ,15^22, 15&22, 15122
:
2147483647 874659841
(1 row(s) affected)
874659843
-125 '
(1 row(s) affected)
25 . .."
- - < . :
31
78
V.

, , TRUE
FALSE , .
,
. Transact-SQL
.
Transact-SQL :
NOT. . ,
TRUE, TO FALSE .
NOT .
NOT :
[NOT] boolean_expression
NOT:
1
IF (1=1) PRINT 'TRUE' ELSE PRINT 'FALSE

IF NOT (1=1) PRINT 'TRUE' ELSE PRINT 'FALSE'
:
TRUE
FALSE
AND. .
TRUE, TRUE.
FALSE.
OR. . TRUE, TRUE. FALSE , FALSE.

BETWEEN. TRUE,
. FALSE.
BETWEEN , AND.
BETWEEN:
test_expression [NOT] BETWEEN begin_expression AND end_expression
test_expression , . begin_expression,
end_expression. BETWEEN ,
,
TRUE.
,
12 20:
SELECT price, title FROM titles WHERE price BETWEEN 12 AND 20
25. Transact-SQL
1079
:
price
title
19.9900
The Busy Executive's Database Guide
19.9900
19.9900
20.0000
19.9900
Prolonged Data Deprivation: Four Case Studies
14.9900
Sushi, Anyone?(6 row(s) affected)

:
SELECT price, title FROM titles WHERE price>=12 AND price<=20
ALL. .
, TRUE.
FALSE. ALL:
s c a l a r _ e x p r e s s i o n { = | < > | ! = | > | > = | ! > | < | < = | ! < } ALL
(subquery)
s c a i a r e x p r e s s i o n ,
(subquery).
ALL , , .
, authors , :
IF ('Moscow' != ALL (SELECT city FROM authors))
PRINT ' '
ELSE
PRINT ' '
. , IN
EXISTS, .
.
ANY SOME. .
. TRUE,
. , FALSE. ALL,
. :
s c a l a r _ e x p r e s s i o n ( = | < > | ! = | > | > = | ! > | < | < = | ! < } {SOME I ANY} ( s u b q u e r y )
1080
V.
ANY:
IF ('Moscow' = ANY (SELECT city FROM authors))
PRINT ' 1
ELSE
PRINT " '
IN. ,
. IN
*= ANY, ' .
,
, . , ,
. IN:
t e s t _ e x p r e s s i o n [NOT] IN (subquery | e x p r e s s i o n [,...n])
IN:
IF ('Moscow' IN (SELECT c i t y FROM a u t h o r s ) )
PRINT ' '
ELSE
PRINT ' '
IN WHERE.
, ,
:
SELECT title, type FROM titles WHERE title_id IN
(SELECT title_id FROM authors, titleauthor
WHERE state IN ('IN', 'UT', 'KS') AND
t itleauthor.au_id=authors.au_id)
:
title
type

Is Anger the Enemy?
Life Without Fear
(3 row(s) affected)
mod cook
psychology
psychology
EXISTS. TRUE, , FALSE . EXISTS

ANY, . , ANY , EXISTS
, .
EXISTS :
EXISTS Subquery
25. Transact-SQL
1081
, , EXISTS :
IF EXISTS (SELECT FROM authors WHERE city='Moscow')
1
PRINT '
ELSE
PRINT ' '
1082
V.
( [a-f]). .
SELECT c i t y FROM authors WHERE c i t y LIKE
:
city
'_[aldf]1%[o-sr]'
25. Transact-SQL
1083
D GOTO ;
USE ;
d WAITFOR ;
GO .
BEGIN...END
BEGIN...END
, . ,
. ,
. ,
. SELECT 10 , Svari. SELECT ' 1 , .
DECLARE @varl datetime
IF DATEPART(dd,@Varl)<=15
SELECT ' '
SELECT 10
SELECT , BEGIN.END:
DECLARE @Varl datetime
IF DATEPART(dd,@Varl)<=15
BEGIN
SELECT ' '
SELECT 10
END
, BEGIN.END, BEGIN...END, .
.
BEGIN...END. SQL Server 2000
.
* 57 .
BEGIN...END , , . .
IF...ELSE
IF...ELSE Transact-SQL .
- . ,
,
:
. 1 .
I F . E L S E :
IF Boolean_expression
{ sql_statement I statement_block }
[ELSE
{ sql_statement I statement_bloGk } J
1_1 , . TRUE (), ,

. , .
,
BEGIN...END, .
ELSE ,
FALSE ().
. ,
BEGIN...END.

NULL. , TRUE
NULL=NULL. TRUE
OFF ANSI_NULLS:
SET ANSI_NULLS OFF
WHILE...CONTINUE
WHILE Transact-SQL . ,
SQL Server 2000 ,
WHILE. , . .
, .
WHILE:
WHILE Boolean_expresSion
{ sql_statement I statementj&loek )
[ BREAK ]
{ sql_statement I statement_block }
[ CONTINUE ]
1_&1
, > /
, , ,:
.
, 1=1. ~
-
25. Tmuact-SQL
1Q85
BREAK, ( ).
WHILE .
,
BEGIN...END. , BEGIN...END. CONTINUE
.
, , ( 5):
DECLARE i n t , @fact b i g i n t
SET =5
SET @Fact=l
WHILE @aa>0
BEGIN
SET eFact=@Fact*@aa
SET =@-1
END
SELECT 8Fact
:
120
(1 row(s) affected)
:
DECLARE 0aa i n t , 9fact b i g i n t
SELECT @aa=5, 6Fact=l
WHILE @aa>0
SELECT @Fact=6Fact*eaa, @aa=@aa-l ,
SELECT 9Fact
GOTO
(label). , . , ,
. GOTO
. , GOTO, ,
:
DECLARE i n t ,
@fact bigint
SELECT 8aa=5, 8Fact-l
cikl:
1086
V.
SELECT @Fact=@Fact*@aa, @aa=@aa-l

IF @>1 GOTO c i k l
SELECT S F a c t
GOTO .
, , . . .
GOTO.
USE
- . .
. ,
pubs, authors
:
SELECT * FROM a u t h o r s
,
pubs, :
SELECT * FROM pubs..authors
25, Transact-SQL
1087
GO

(batch). ( ) . . Query Analyzer
, .
, , . .
CREATE, , BACKUP RESTORE, , ,
, . Query
Analyzer .
, .
- GO . , (, , . .) . ,
:
DECLARE @aa int
SET @aa=10
SELECT @aa
:
DECLARE @aa int
SET aa=10
GO
SELECT @aa
, @:
Server: Msg 137, Level 15, .State 2, Line 1
Must declare the variable @aa'.
26

SQL Server 2000
. DECLARE . , , . ,
Transact-SQL .
.
.
, . ,
, , .
SQL Server 2000 SQL Server bigint, table
sqi_variant.
27 .
, (user-defined). sysname ( nvarchar (128)),
.
SQL Server 2000 :
(Integers) bigint, int, smaiiint tinyint;
(Decimal) decimal, numeric, float real;
(Money) money smaiimoney;
(Date and Time) datetime smalldatetimej
(Binary) binary, varbinary image;
(String) char, varchar, nchar nvarchar;
(Text) t e x t ntext;
(Specials) timestamp, uniqueidentifier, b i t , cursor, table
sql_variant.

,
, -
26. SQL Server 2000
89
, . , . ,
.

(), ,
.
.
SQL Server 2000 :
b i g i n t ,
8 . SQL Server
i n t , 4 .
b i g i n t
-9 223 372 036 854 775 808 (-2 6 3 ) 9 223 372 036 854 775 807 (2 -1).
i n t ,
. 4
32 , 2 3 2 (4 294 967 296). 31 ,
. 32 1, .
231 2311,
2 147 483 648 2 147 483 647.
smaliint, , ,
.
2 (16 ). ,
65 536 , - 2 1 5 2 1 5 -1 -32 768 32 767.
t i n y i n t "" , 1 . , . ,
256 (2 8 ),
0 255.

. SQL Server 2000 :
(Decimal).
, .
4 . 4 16 ,
, 10 ( 0
9). , 1 2 ,
0 99. 1 256 . , -
1000
V.
. , .
.
(Approximately).

.
. ( ), , .

. , 10 , . 1 9
. , 10. 10
. , . , , 10, . , -7,23453+215
7234530000000000 210. ,
.
:
decimal [ ( p [ , s ] ) ] numeric [ (p[,s]) ]. .
( ), . , s. 1 38.
, , 2 , 17 . s
, .
s 0, . .
. , ,
,
:
DECLARE @Varl d e c i m a l , @Var2 decimal
SET @Varl=1122334455667788.224234
SET @Var2=l
SELECT @Varl, DATALENGTH(@Varl)
SELECT @Var2, DATALENGTH(@Var2)
SET @Var2=1122334455667788.224234
SELECT @Var2, DATALENGTH(@Var2)
26. SQL Server 2000
1091
DATALENGTH , . :
1122334455667788
(1 row(s) affected)
1
(1 row(s) affected)
1122334455667788
(1 row(s) affected)
:
float [ () ] . ,
. 53.
1 24,
4 . 25 53 8 . 7 , 15 . ,
.
, , 9,
, 24.
, 24 53. , .
308,
-1.79+308 1,79+308.
, .
, .
real. float,
float (24) . 4 ,
7 . 3,40+38 3,40+38.

,
.
4 . SQL Server 2000 :
money. 8 ,
- 2 6 3 (-922 337 203 685 477,5808)
2 6 3 (+922 337 203 685 477,5807).
decimal numeric.
smaiimoney.
money. 4 ,
- 2 3 1 (-214 748,3648) 2 3 1 (+214 748,3647).
1092
V.
, , . , 145
17 $14 5.17. SQL Server 2000
18 .
" "
, . ,
, . , ,
(, , , , . .),
. . TransactSQL. .
.
SQL Server 2000
:
datetime. 4- .
4 ,
1 1753 . , 11 . Microsoft ,
, SQL Server 2000 .
.
4 , . datetime
1 1753 31
9999 3,33 .
smaiidatetime. 4
2 . , 1 1900 .
, . ,
smaiidatetime 1 1900 6 2079 1 .
, ,
.
" DD YYYY hh:mmAP/PM".
. Transact-SQL . . 26.1 .

. SQL Server 2000
, .
(SID, Security ID) ,
85 .
1094
V.
SQL Server 2000 :

binary! ()].
1 8000 . ,
binary, +4. ,
. binary
, ,
. , b i nary (), 100 ,
1004 (1000+4) .
(8000 ) (8 ). b i n a r y v a r b i n a r y ,
, .
varbinary [ (n) ]. ,
1 8000 .
+4 . varbinary ,
,
. , , , . varbinary 90%. ,
varbinary , , .
var
variable, (). var , .
image. binary varbinary 8000 .
. ,
. , SQL Server 2000

. image, 2
(2 147 483 647 , 2311).
. image . , 25 ,
32 (4 ). ,
8 . image ""
. ,
, "" .
26. SQL Server 2000
95
OXFFFF...FF.
, . .
: 09 F. ,
. , 59229 0xE75D, 2 .

. ,
,

. , . , .
Transact-SQL 20 , . .
SQL Server 2000 :
chart ()]. 8000
ASCII. 1 ,
256 . ,
8000 , . , SQL Server 6.x char
255 , 2 . , . , , . 4000 , 50 , .
varchar [ (n) ]. , varchar 8000 ASCII.
char , , , . , , . , varchar (),
70 , 70 , 300, char ().
nchar [ (n) ]. , nchar Unicode. Unicode -
96
V.
2 ,
65 536 .
ASCII. . , char varchar, nchar
8000 .
2 ,
nchar 4000 .
nchar char. To (2 ), .
,
Unicode.
nvarchar[ (! ]. nchar ,
varchar char. To nvarchar
Unicode
4000 (8000 ). , .

.
.
8000 . , , .
. , ,
. , .
SQL Server 2000 :
text. * 2 3 1 -1 (2 147 483 647). 1 . , ,
t e x t .
ntext. ,
ntext .
65 536 , . n t e x t , t e x t , 2 147 483 647 . , 2 3 0 -1 (1 073 741 823).

. image, t e x t n t e x t -
26. SQL Server 2000
W97
"" . . ,
, next, n t e x t image.

,
.
, .
SQL Server 2000 :
CJ timestamp. " " . timestamp
datetime smalldatetime. , timestamp. ,
timestamp. .
, timestamp.
timestamp timestamp
.
1 .
timestamp ,
timestamp. timestamp .
timestamp @DBTS.
timestamp 8 .
CJ u n i q u e i d e n t i f i e r . , (GUID, Global Unique Identifier). timestamp
,
. ,
, , timestamp , . . , . u n i q u e i d e n t i f i e r ,

.
16 . ----, 1 . SQL
Server 2000 NEWIDO, . , ,
. , -
1098
V.
. , . .
, , , .
b i t . , 1
, . (-),
. . b i t
"Yes/No", "On/Off", "True/False" . .
cursor. , . . cursor
.
, .
, .
table. , , Transact-SQL. .
. t a b l e
.
t a b l e . t a b l e . , , . .
SELECT, UPDATE, INSERT DELETE. t a b l e
, . .
. t a b l e
, CREATE TABLE:
DECLARE @tbl table (GID bigint IDENTITY (1000,1)/
Lname nvarchar(30), Fname nvarchar(30),
Sname nvarchar(30), Birth smalldatetime)
, :
INSERT INTO @tbl VALUES ('1,
SELECT * FROM @tbl
'',
'1,
'1-01-1955')
s q i v a r i a n t .
. sql_yariant
, . ,
s q l v a r i a n t , ,
26. SQL Server 2000
1099
.
sql_variant:
DECLARE @aa sql_variant, @bb int, @cc nvarchar(10), gdd money
SELECT @bb=1010, @cc='String1, @dd=$103.45
SET @aa=@bb
SELECT @aa
SET @aa=@cc
SELECT @aa
SET @aa=@dd
SELECT @aa
27
SQL Server 2000

SQL Server 7.0
, Microsoft,
. . , ,
.

.
, , , , . ,
,
. ,
, , , . .
SQL Server 2000
. , , .
.
t a b l e . , . ,
Getpeopie, , , :
SELECT * FROM GetPeople('1)
SQL
Server 2000, .

, SQL Server 2000. , :
;
;
27. SQL Server 2000
1101
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
image, t e x t n t e x t .
@@.
,
. , . . Transact-SQL .
. ,
.

.
, . .
.
@@DBTS,
. , , .
SET, DBCC . . . 27.1.
27.1.
SSCONNECTIONS
, SQL Server 2 0 0 0 . ,
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1 7, ,
. SET DATEFIRST
8SDBTS
t i m e s t a m p
@@LANGID
@ @ LANGUAGE
1102
V.
27.1 ()
@@LOCK_TIMEOUT
,
, (-). 0 , , . -1
. SET
LOCKJTIMEOUT
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@@MAX_PRECISION
, numeric decimal.
38 ,

@@NESTLEVEL

(, ).

1, 1.
, 0
@@OPTIONS
@@REMSERVER
(remote) ,
. ,

@@SERVERNAME

SQL Server 2000
@@SERVICENAME
,
.
MSSQLServer,

@@SPID
SQL Server 2000,
@@TEXTSIZE
, SELECT image,
n t e x t t e x t .
SET TEXT S I Z E
@@VERSION
,
SQL Server 2000
27. SQL Server 2000
1103

, , ,
, . 31. , , .
. 27.2.
27.2.
int, , .
, ,
. , ,
. -1 , , . . . , 1,
,
FETCH. i n t
:
FETCH , . .
;
-1 ,
. .
FETCH NEXT 1;
-2 ,
.
.
,
. CURSOR_STATUS
,
. l o c a l '
' g l o b a l ' ,
.
, . . SQL Server 2000
. ' cursor_name '.
,
' v a r i a b l e ' ,
1
c u r s o r v a r i a b l e ' .
, ,
:
1 (
);
, ,
;
1 ;
-2 .
,
,
.
OUTPUT;
-3

,
. ,
SQL Server 2000 datetime smalidatetime. ,
. . ,
(. 27.3).
27.3.
DATEADD(datepart,
nuraber, date)
DATEDIFF (datepart,
startdate, enddate)
, , . .
datepart , . , , number.
,

DATENAME ( d a t e p a r t ,
>
,
d a t e
DATEPART ( d a t e p a r t , date)

DAY (date)
DAY
datetime smalldatetime.
i n t
GET DATE ()

.
datetime
ISDATE (expression)
, . , 1,
MONTH (date)
. i n t
YEAR (date)

YEAR .
i n t

, ,
. . . 27.3.
. , SQL Server 2000
, . RADIANS 45 :
SELECT RADIANS(45), RADIANS(45.0), RADIANS(45.00000)
:
0
.785398163397448300
.785398163397448300
(1 row(s) affected)
27.3.
ABS(numericexpression)
, ..

ACOS(floatexpression)
,
()
1106
V.
27.3 ()
ASIN(float_expression)
,
().
1 1
ATAN(float_expression)
,
()
2(float_expression,
f l o a t expression)
,
,
,
CEILING(numeric
expression) _
,
, . .
COS(float
expression)
COT(float
expression)
DEGREES(numeric
expression)

n u m e r i c e x p r e s s i o n
EXP (float_expression)
FLOOR(numeric
expression)
, . .
ISNUMERIC(expression)
,
. , 1. 0
LOG(float_expression)
LOG10(float
expression)
PIO
POWER(numeric
expression, y)
numeric_expression .

RADIANS(numeric
expression)
numeric_expression,
,
RAND([seed])

0 1,
t i n y i n t , i n t , s m a l l i n t

. ,

ROUND(numeric
expression, l e n g t h [ ,
function])
.
(length>0), (length<0)

SQL Server 2000 (). . 27.4.
27.4.
1108
27.4 ()

, , ,
. . 27.5.
27.5.
27. SQL Server 2000
1109
27.5 ()

, ,
, . .
. 27.6.
27.6.

, , , .
, . . 27.7.
27.7.
@@ERROR
27. SQL Server 2000
1111
27.7 ()

,
, . . . 27.8.
27.8.
,
,
SQL Server
, SQL Server
/
, SQL Server

: /;

SQL Server 2000. SQL Server .
SQL Server 2000 . (User-defined
function). , , *
, , , , . :
, , ?
. , ;!
, , ,,
.
SQL Server 2000 :
Scalar. . Scalar
, BEGIN...END
, ,
SQL Server 2000, timestamp, t e x t , ntext,
image, table cursor.
Inline. t a b l e ,
. , Inline
SELECT. Inline
: ,
, . . , , __
1114
V.
Multi-Scalar. , Multi-Scalar t a b l e . ,
,
, ,
. . Scalar
BEGIN...END.
, t a b l e (Inline Multi-Scalar),
FROM SELECT,
INSERT, DELETE UPDATE.

: , . SQL Server 2000 image,
t e x t , ntext, cursor t a b l e .
, ,
, . . OUTPUT .
, .
.

( ), .
, ,
. , PRINT, SELECT,
. FETCH, . .
, , . ,
UPDATE, INSERT DELETE, t a b l e , .
, (, , Inline)
, , ,
. .
CREATE FUNCTION. , . CREATE FUNCTION
.
27. SQL Server 2000
1115
Scalar
Scalar
CREATE FUNCTION:
CREATE FUNCTION [owner_name.]function_name

([{@parameter_name scalar_parameter_data_type [= d e f a u l t ]} [ , . . . n ] ] )
RETURNS scalar_return_data_type
[WITH <function_option> [ , . . . n ] ] [AS]
BEGIN
funct i on_body
RETURN scalar_expression
END
:
[owner_name.]function_name
(functionname),
(ownername) . ,
( ). , . .
.
@parameter_name scalar_parameter_data_type [=default]

. ,
@ . .
Sparametername.
, . scalar_parameter_data_type.
, . , ,
timestamp, text, ntext, image, table cursor.
default , , .
RETURNS , ,
. .
WITH
<function_option>
[,...n]
,
, . <function_option>,
:
< f u n c t i o n _ o p t i o n > : : = (ENCRYPTION I SCHEMABINDING)
1116
ENCRYPTION
CREATE FUNCTION, .
. SCHEMABINDING, TO ,
.
, (,
, ).

( ).
AS
,
, .
BEGIN...END
. , . , , BEGIN
END.
, RETURN, TO .
, scaiar_expression.
, RETURNS.
,
RETURN, RETURN. ,
RETURN,
.
~)
, RETURN, RETURN.
.
MyFuncA, . . . ,
( )
> ' NULL.
CREATE FUNCTION MyFuncA(@parA i n t , @ParB i n t , @parC i n t , @Num i n t )
RETURNS r e a l
AS
'
27. SQL Server 2000

BEGIN
..<-,-
DECLARE @D int
SET @D=@parB*@parB-4*@parA*@parC
IF @D<0 RETURN NULL
IF @Num=l
RETURN {(-@parB+SQRT(@D))/(2*@parA))
ELSE
RETURN ((-@parB-SQRT(@D))/(2*@parA))
RETURN NULL
END
:
SELECT dbo.MyFuncA(l,4/5,l), dbo.MyFuncA(-1,4,5,1), dbo.MyFuncA(-l,4,5, 2)
:
1118
V.
AS
RETURN SELECT au_lname, au_fname, phone
FROM authors WHERE LEFT(au_lname,l)=@Char
:
SELECT * FROM MyFuncB('G')
:
lname
au_fname
Green
Gringlesby
Greene
(3 row(s) affected)
Marjorie
Burt
Morningstar
phone
415 986-7020
707 938-6445
615 297-2723
Multi-statement

CREATE FUNCTION:
CREATE FUNCTION [owner_name.]function_name
( [ { @parameter_name scalar_parameter_data_type [ = d e f a u l t ] }
[ ,...n ] ] )
RETURNS @return_variable TABLE <table_type_definition>
[ WITH <function_option> [ ,...n ] ]
[ AS ]
BEGIN
function_body
RETURN
END
CREATE FUNCTION, Multi-statement, . , . .
,
RETURNS. Inline Scalar
,
. , table.
,
. ,
. . t a b l e
26.
.
, Multi-statement RETURN. ,
. t a b l e ,
RETURNS.
27. SQL Server 2000
1119

, . "
" . ,
. , (. .
SCHEMABINDING), TO .
ALTER
FUNCTION, . ,
, .
Scalar :
ALTER FUNCTION [owner_name.]function_name
([{@parameter_name scalar_parameter_data_type [= default ]} [,...n]])
[WITH <function_option> [,
n]]
[AS]
BEGIN
funct i on_body
END
Inline :
([(@parameter_name scalar_parameter_data_type [= default]} [,...n]])
RETURNS TABLE
[ WITH < function_option > [ , ...n ] ]
[ AS ]
RETURN [ ( ] select_stmt [ ) ]
, Multi-statement
:
([(@parameter_name scalar_parameter_data_type [= default]} [,...n]])
RETURNS 8return_variable TABLE <table_type_definition>
[WITH <function_option> [,...n ]]
[AS]
BEGIN
funct i on_body
RETURN
END
He , ALTER FUNCTION CREATE FUNCTION. . ,

,
.
1120
V.
s p h e i p t e x t ,
CREATE FUNCTION, . , MyFuncB, , :
sp_helptext
'dbo.MyFuncB'
28
,

?
. | , , . , -
, , ,
, , , .
SQL,
. 25 Transact-SQL, ANSI SQL-92 SQL Server 2000.
, Transact-SQL, .
, .
, . .
SQL Server 2000 . ,
Transact-SQL, bcp.exe (DTS, Data Transformation Services).
INSERT ( ), UPDATE (
) DELETE ( ).
~^
Microsoft ODBC,
ADO, OLE DB, DB Library . Transact-SQL. .

, .
-
1122
V.
. , ,
, .
SQL Server 2000 ,
. :
INSERT.
.
SELECT...INTO. , ,
, .
BULK INSERT bcp.exe.
.

.
,
.
INSERT
INSERT .
, . INSERT :
INSERT [INTO]
(table_name WITH ( < t a b l e _ h i n t _ l i m i t e d > [ , . . . n ] )
I view_name | r o w s e t _ f u n c t i o n _ l i m i t e d }
{ [ ( c o l u m n _ l i s t ) ] {VALUES ({DEFAULT | NULL I e x p r e s s i o n } [ , . . . n ] )
I derived_table I execute_statement})
I DEFAULT VALUES
.
table_name
, .
, .
database. owner. tablename.
WITH
(<table_hint_limited>
[,...n])
WITH ,
. <table_hint_limited> :
28. ,
1123
< t a b l e _ h i n t _ l i m i t e d > : : = {INDEX(index_val [ , . . . n ] )

I FASTFIRSTROW I HOLDLOCK I PAGLOCK I READCOMMITTED
I REPEATABLEREAD I ROWLOCK I SERIALIZABLE I TABLOCK I TABLOCKX}

. " " 19.
view_name
, .
,
. , ,
. , , INSERT
, . ,
. SQL Server 2000 .
rowset_function_limited
OPENQUERY
OPENROWSET, (linked) .
CJ (column_list)
, . ,
, . . ,
VALUES,
. ,
INSERT ,
VALUES, .
(IDENTITY) timestamp, . . .
VALUES .
, NULL.
.
,
. . ,
, , . .
. - . , , ,
1124
V.
.
, ,
, .
. , ,
. ,
NULL, .
.
VALUES
({DEFAULT
NULL
expression}
[,...n])
VALUES ,
. .
, INSERT
, , .
DEFAULT. NULL
NULL. ,
. .
, ,
.
,
, .
[, .. .] , . , ,
(coiumn_iist). ,
(IDENTITY) timestamp.
, , .
S E T
IDENTITY_INSERT [ d a t a b a s e . [ o w n e r . ] ] { t a b l e } {ON I OFF}.
derived_table
, , VALUES.
INSERT .
.
. , .
,
SELECT. derived_table
SELECT, -
28. ,
, '.; :
, , , , , , . .
, ( c o i u m n i i s t ) INSERT.
SELECT .
execute_statement
. , , , .
,
. ,
. e x e c u t e s t a t e m e n t
EXECUTE . EXECUTE
SELECT READTEXT, .
. , ,
. ,

,
. , EXECUTE,
, SELECT
. , , EXECUTE, , (column_list).
INSERT :
INSERT t a b l e _ n a m e VALUES
(expressions
(,....n])"''
VALUES
- (IDENTITY) timestamp. , authors :
,.;.:,-...
INSERT authors VALUES ('237-52-1978', "MaffiaeV, 'Evgeniy^1,
'
'390 223-3418', 'Puschkina 6', 'Abakan', 'KH','65500', 0)
.
"
, . ,
authors, :
INSERT authors (au_id, au_lname, au_fname, contract)
VALUES ('238-52-1978', 'Mamaev', 'Evgeniy', 0)
1126
V.
.
:
DECLARE @Varl char(10), @Var2 char(30), @Var3 char(30)
SET @Varl='239-52-1978'
SET @Var2='Mamaev'
SET @Var2='Evgeniy'
INSERT authors (au_id, au_lname, au_fname, contract)
VALUES (@Varl, @Var2, @Var3, 0)
, .
.
. compactauthors:
CREATE TABLE c o m p a c t a u t h o r s ( a u _ i d c h a r ( 1 0 ) , name c h a r ( 1 5 ) ,
phone c h a r ( 1 2 ) )
:
INSERT compactauthors SELECT au_id, CAST((RTRIM(au_lname)+
' '+LEFT(au_fname,l)+'.') asCHAR(15)), phone
FROM a u t h o r s WHERE c o n t r a c t = l AND s t a t e = ' C A '
compactauthors . :
SELECT * FROM compactauthors
:
au_id
name
phone
name
aufname auiname
authors. . , ,
. . .
28. ,
1127
SELECT...INTO
INSERT
.
. ,
. , CREATE
TABLE . SELECT...INTO, .
SELECT...INTO ,
SELECT. ,
.
, .
, . ,
SELECT...INTO , . .
SELECT...INTO :
SELECT {column_name [[AS] column_alias], ...n}
INTO new_table FROM {source_table, ...n} [<select options>]
:
column_name
, FROM { s o u r c e t a b i e
[,.. .n]}. .
,
. ,
,
(alias). ,
, .
,
.
.
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,
. ,
. . ,
,
,
. ,
/128
.
V.
.
.
INTO new_table
INTO , . INTO, , .
n e w t a b i e . ,
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). . , ,
:
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' , " .
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.
FROM
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. , .
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,
.
<select_options>

SELECT (WHERE, ORDER BY, GROUP BY . .). -
SELECT...INTO .
,
.
sp_dboption 'database name', ' s e l e c t into/bulkcopy', TRUE.
database^name .
'
compact authors . SELECT...INTO, .
28. ,
1129
,
compactauthors.
, :
DROP TABLE compactauthors
SELECT...INTO:
SELECT a u _ i d , CAST((RTRIM(au_lname)+' ' + L E F T ( a u _ f n a m e , 1 ) + ' . ' ) as
CHAR(15)) as name, p h o n e INTO c o m p a c t a u t h o r s
FROM a u t h o r s WHERE c o n t r a c t s AND s t a t e = ' C A '
, (name) ,
. . .
, .
,
.
# t i t i a u t h , .
.
, .
, Oakland, Berkeley, Palo
Alto Menlo Park.
SELECT []=au_fname, [ ]=title
INTO tttitlauth FROM titleauthor, authors, t i t l e s
WHERE authors.au_id=titleauthor.au_id AND
t i t l e s . t i t l e _ i d = t i t l e a u t h o r . t i t l e _ I D AND state='CA' AND
city IN ('Oakland1 , 'Berkeley 1 , 'Palo Alto', 'Menlo Park')
, ittitlauth:
SELECT * FROM i t i t l a u t h
Johnson
Prolonged Data, Deprivation: Four Case Studies
Marjorie
Marjorie
You Can Combat Computer Stress!
Cheryl
Dean
Abraham
Ann
Stearns
Cooking with Computers: Surreptitious Balance Sheets
Stearns
Computer Phobic AND Non-Phobic Individuals
Livia
Computer Phobic AND Non-Phobic Individuals
Sheryl
1130
V.

.
. ,
.
. ,
. , Transact-SQL
,
UPDATE.
. , , .
UPDATE:
UPDATE
( t a b l e _ n a m e WITH ( < t a b l e _ h i n t _ l i m i t e d > [ . . . n ] )
I view_name I r o w s e t _ f u n c t i o n _ l i m i t e d }
SET
{column_name = { e x p r e s s i o n I DEFAULT | NULL}
I Svariable = e x p r e s s i o n I @variable=column=expression} [ , . . . n ]
{{[FROM { < t a b l e _ s o u r c e > } [ , . . . n ] ]
[WHERE < s e a r c h _ c o n d i t i o n > ] }
I [WHERE CURRENT OF {{[GLOBAL] cursor_name} I c u r s o r _ v a r i a b l e _ n a m e } ] }
[OPTION ( < q u e r y _ h i n t > [ , . . . n ] ) ]
:
table_name WITH (<table_hint_limited> [...n])
, . ,
. <tabie_hint_iimited>
, . "
ISERT" . ,
, .
UPDATE , .
d view_name
, ,
. ,
, . , , , , UPDATE.
28. ,
1131
? rowset_function_limited
OPENQUERY OPENROWSET,
. OLE DB, .
SET
, . . .
column_name={expression I DEFAULT I NULL}
, .
columnname. , ,
DEFAULT, . NULL
.
NULL ,
NULL. expression
.
, , . .
, .
.
, , .
@variable=expression
. , ( . . , ),
. . . SELECT.
@variable=column=expression
. ,
. . , SET @Varl=RowNum=@Varl + l.
FROM
{<table_source>}
,
, FROM. FROM
SELECT .
i132
-,
V.
WHERE <search_c6nditieb> ;
, , ,
UPDATE , FROM. WHERE SELECT.
WHERE CURRENT OF {{[GLOBAL] cursor_name } I cursor_variable_name}
. .

cursorname ( c u r s o r v a r i a b l e n a m e ) .
, GLOBAL . .
, .
OPTION
(<query_hint>
[,...n])
.
SELECT.
UPDATE. authors, ,
:
SELECT au_id, au_lname, au_fname, phone INTO #auto FROM authors
WHERE state='CA' AND contracts
, :
SELECT * FROM t a u t o
: -..
au_id
au_lnarae
172-32-1176 White
213-4 6-8915 Green
238-95-7766 Carson
267-41-2394 O'Leary
274-80-9391 Straight "
409-56-7008 Bennet
427-17-2319 Dull
472-27-2349 Gringlesby
486-29-1786 Locksley ;
672-71-3249 Yokomoto. .'
724-80-9391 MacFeather
756-30-7391 Karsen
846-92-7186 Hunter
(13 row(s) affected! '
'
au_fname
phone
1133
28. ,
aulname au_fname. ,
. ,
8:
UPDATE #auto SET au_lname=au_lname+' '+au_fname,
au_fname=LEFT (au_fname,1) + ' . '+au_lname
WHERE phone LIKE '%8'
:
au_id
au__lname
172-32-1176 White
213-4 6-8915 Green
238-95-7766 Carson
267-41-2394 O'Leary Michael
274-80-9391 Straight
409-56-7008 Bennet
427-17-2319 Dull Ann
486-29-1786 Locksley
672-71-3249 Yokomoto Akiko
724-80-9391 MacFeather Stearns
756-30-7391 Karsen
846-92-7186 Hunter Sheryl
au fname
phone
Johnson
Marjorie
Cheryl
M. O'Leary
Dean
Abraham
A. Dull
Burt
Charlene
A. Yokomoto
S. MacFeather
Li via
S. Hunter
408
415
415
408
415
415
415
707
415
415
415
415
415
496-7223
986-7020
548-7723
286-2428
834-2919
658-9932
836-7128
938-6445
585-4620
935-4228
354-7128
534-9219
836-7128
1134
V.
DECLARE @Varl money, @Var2 int

SET @Varl=0
UPDATE #titl SET @Varl=price=ISNULL(price,0)+@Varl*Q.l,
title_id=LEFT(type,3)+ISNULL(RIGHT(CAST(@Varl as char(6)),3),'NUL')
:
title id title
pub_id type
price

Transact-SQL , .
28. ,
1135
4 , :
title_id title
pub_id type
price
BU2075
MC3021
PC9999
Net Etiquette
BU1111
BU1032
(5 row(s) affected)
0736
0877
1389
1389
1389
2.99Q0
2.9900
NULL
11.9500
19.9900
("
business
mod_cook
popular_comp
business
business
, ,
. DELETE SELECT *.
, . .

, DTS, . SQL
Server 2000 .
(bulk copy).
.
.
.
SQL Server 2000 .
,
ODBC (ODBC BCAPI, ODBC bulk copy API). API,

OLE DB, ODBC, SQL-DMO DB-Library.
SQL Server 2000 . .
. ,
,
.
SQL Server 2000 ,
:
bcp.exe;
Transact-SQL BULK INSERT;
DTS.
1136
V.
DTS API ,
bcp.exe BULK INSERT, , ,
API .
bcp.exe
, .
. ,

SQL Server , .
timestamp . . SQL Server 2000 timestamp , ,

. ,
timestamp ,
. SQL Server 2000
timestamp .
bcp.exe
bcp.exe Unicode.
SQL Server 2000 SQL Server 7.0 , Unicode.
bcp.exe SQL Server 7.0
. , ,
Unicode
. , .
.
bcp.exe. , -
.
28. ,
1137
bcp.exe
, SQL Server 2000. , , .
, .
bcp.exe SQL Server 2000
. ,
bcp.exe , .
bcp.exe
, bcp.exe . , , , ,
"" . bcp.exe , . ,
bcp.exe .

:
{[[database_name.][owner].]{table_name I view_name} I "query"}
(in I out I queryout I format} data_file
[-m max_errors] [-f format_file] [-e err_file]
[-F first_row] [-L last_row] [-b batch_size]
[-n] [-c] [-w] [-N] [-V (60 I 65 I 70)] [-6]
[-q] [-C code_j>age] [-t field_term] [-r row_term]
[-i input_file] [-o output_file] [-a packet_size]
[-S server_name[\instance_name]] [-U login_id] [-P password]
t-T] [-v] [-R] [-k] [-E] [-h "hint [
n]"]
.
database_name
,
, ,
bcp.exe.
. ,
, .
owner
, ,
bcp.exe. . SQL Server 2000 ,
. ,
, dbo.
table_name I view_name
, .
1138
V.
"query"
bcp.exe ,
. , , . .
SQL Server 2000. , , .
G in I out I queryout I format

bcp.exe
. SQL
Server 2000, in. SQL
Server 2000 , out. ,
queryout. format ,
, .
data_file
, bcp.exe. SQL Server 2000 , ,
, .
-m max_errors
, ,
. -m m a x e r r o r s
, bcp.exe. , .
. , . 10
.
-f format_file
bcp.exe , . ,
.
.
:
, ;
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fmt, bcp.exe.
28. ,
1139
SQL Server 2000,

, . , SQL Server 2000, ,
. -f f o r m a t f i l e
,
.
. - format,
. , , -f f o r m a t f i l e . ,
bcp.fmt.
- err_file
, .
.
. bcp.exe .
. - e r r _ f i i e
. , , .
-F first_row
, , -
. ,
. bcp.exe
, .
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-L last_row
, , . -L l a s t r o w
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, , -F f irst_row, .
-b batch_size
, . , .
bcp.exe .
, -
1140
V.
. , . bcp.exe (batch).
. .
.
.
- b a t c h s i z e . -h "ROWS_REP_BATCH=nn".
-n
, bcp.exe . , , (native). , SQL Server 2000. .

.
.
. SQL Server.
- SQL Server 6.x , Unicode SQL Server 6.x.
-
, , -.
.
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-, .
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,
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. , , SQL Server 6.x, . .
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-N
bcp.exe, SQL
Server 2000 SQL Server 7.0. ( SQL Server 7.0) . -
28. ,
1141
, - -w. -N
Unicode, , , SQL Server 2000. .
SQL Server 2000.
, SQL Server 2000.
[-V
(60
65
70)]
, SQL Server .
bcp.exe.
-6
SQL Server 6.x,
- bcp.exe
, SQL Server 6.x. ,
. -6 - -.
SQL Server 6.x , b i t NULL, bcp.exe

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.
-q
,
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. -q,
.
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. , .
- , bcp.exe
.
. 1252 (ISO 1252, ANSI/Microsoft Windows).
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. .
(142
V.
. .
<vaiue>.
,
.
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- .
(\).
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( -, -, -w, -N -),
. bcp.exe
. (response
file). , .
, .
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- output_file
, bcp.exe , ,
, .
> MSDOS.
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, . , ,
, .
-a packet_size
bcp.exe , . -
, . , 4096 .
65 535 .
, .
. , -
28. ,
1143
. ,
. , . , bcp.exe
(4096 ). .
-S server_name[\instance_name]
,
. -s. , ,
. . bcp.exe . , .
-U login_id
SQL Server 2000,
bcp.exe.
, . bcp.exe.
, , .
- password
, . ,
.
- ( )
.
-
bcp.exe SQL
Server 2000 .
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- .
- ,
-. - ,
Windows NT , bcp.exe, - .
-V

bcp.exe.
144
'
'
V.
-R
bcp.exe , , , , .
, .

.
, . -R.
-

NULL.
, .
-
, ,
IDENTITY, TO

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. ,
IDENTITY , . , bcp.exe
- .
-h " h i n t [, . . .n] "
.

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CHECKCONSTRAINTS. (constraints) . . , .
ORDER (column [ASC | DESC] {,. . . n ] ) . ,

. ,
.
(column), (ASC) (DESC).
.
,
28. ,
/745
, ,
(clustered index). ,
,
ORDER , .
TABLOCK. SQL Server 2000
, , ,
.
, . .
, .
. . , TABLOCK .
,
. TABLOCK.
" t a b l e l o c k on b u l k l o a d " .
KILOBYTES_PER_BATCH=CC. ,
.
.
ROWS_PER_BATCH=bb. , .
.
-.
ROWS_PER_BATCH .
'
(native format), SQL Server 6.x, .
bcp.exe
, bcp.exe
. .
, SQL
Server 2000, ,
.
, .
.
, ,
, ,
1146
V.
.
, :
bcp "pubs..discounts" out discounts.txt -
,
-.
discounts
pubs. .
d i s c o u n t s . t x t ,
:
I n i t i a l Customer
Volume Discount
Customer Discount
100
8042
1000
10.50
6.70
5.00
: discounttype, s t o r _ i d , lowqty, highqty d i s count. (\t), (\). .
pubs, SQL Server 2000. SQL Server 2000. .

,
, , . .
. bcp.exe
. (format file).
bcp.exe
, . , - , - SQL Server 2000.
,
, : -, -n, -w, -6 -N.
.
28. ,
1147

. ,
. bcp.exe (-,
-n, -w, - - N ) , TO . bcp.exe
. ,
.
, bcp.exe, -:
bcp "pubs..discounts" out discounts.txt
, :
Password:
Enter the file storage type of field discounttype [char]:
Enter prefix-length of field discounttype [0]:
Enter length of field discounttype [40]:
Enter field terminator [none]:
Enter the file storage type of field stor_id [char]:
Enter prefix-length of field stor_id [0]:
Enter length of field stor_id [4J.Enter field terminator [none]:
Enter the file storage type of field lowqty [int-null]:
Enter prefix-length of field lowqty [1]:
Enter the file storage type of field highqty [int-null]:
Enter prefix-length of field highqty [1]:
Enter the file storage type of field discount [decimal]:
Enter prefix-length of field discount [1]:
Do you want to save this format information in a file? [Y\n]
Host filename [bcp.fmt]:
Starting copy...
3 rows copied.
Network packet size (bytes): 4096
Clock Time (ms.): total
1 Avg
0 (3000.00 rows per sec.)
,
, Windows NT ,
bcp.exe.
1148
V.
bcp.exe SQL Server 2000, - - .

, ,
,
. .
, ,
. , ,
, , .
, , :
Enter the file storage type of field columnname [datatype]:
, . ,
. . 28.1 ,
.
28.1.

SQL Server 2000
Host file data type
Binary
SQLBINARY
1, 1,2,2
bit
b[it]
SQLBIT
0,1,0,1
Char
c[har]
SQLCHAR
2, 2, 2, 2
Prefix .
Length
Datetime
d[ate]
SQLDATETIME
0,1,1,1
Decimal
SQLDECIMAL
1, 1, 1, 1
float
ffloat]
SQLFLT8
0, 1, 1, 1
Image
I[mage]
SQLBINARY
4, 4, 4, 4
int
i[nt]
SQLINT
0,1,1,1
money
mfoney]
SQLMONEY
0,1,1, 1
Nchar
SQLNCHAR
2, 2, 2, 2
Ntext
SQLNCHAR
4,4, 1, 1
Numeric
SQLNUMERIC
1,1,1,1
Nvarchar
SQLNCHAR
2, 2, 2, 2
real
SQLFLT4
0, 1, 1, 1
28. ,
1149
28.1 ()

SQL Server 2000
Host file data type
Prefix
Length
Smalldatetime
SQLDATETIM4
0, 1, 1, 1
sraallint
s[mallint]
SQLSMALLINT
0, 1, 1, 1
smallmoney
SQLMONEY4
0, 1, 1,1
Text
T[ext]
SQLCHAR
4, 4, 4, 4
timestamp
SQLBINARY
1, 1,2, 2
tinyint
t[inyint]
SQLTINYINT
0, 1, 1, 1
Uniqueidentifier
SQLUNIQUEID
1. 1, 1, 1
Varbinary
SQLBINARY
1, 1,2, 2
Varchar
c[har]
SQLCHAR
2, 2, 2, 2
, .
:
Enter prefix-length of field columnname []:
. 28.1
Prefix Length. :
,
NULL ;
, NULL;
NULL;
NULL.
, , ,
:
Enter length of field columnname [n]:
. , . ,
datetime u n i q u e i d e n t i f i e r
, .
-,
.
1150
V.
.
:
U. .
\. .
\. .
\\. .
\. (Null ).
(*, , 4, d . .). .
( , ,
) ,
.
($$\t**, !@#$% &*(), * \ t \ r \ n * , bakkara2000 ..).

10 , .
, ,
, . ,
bcp.exe.
, bcp.exe,
.
, . bcp.fmt.
,
4 . 10 .
, .
, . .
bcp.exe . .
bcp.exe. ,
. 4
( ).
1 . 3000 .
, bcp.exe .
28. ,
1151
, , . (
<Enter>), bcp.exe .
, - . .
, . ,
,
, . ,
SQL
Server 2000, .
. . 28.1 .
. 28.1.
, :
. SQL Server, bcp.exe, .
. ,
.
. , .
. ,
. ,
decimal , SQLCHAR.
1152
V.
. , .
, NULL.
0, 1, 2 4. 1. ,
0.
. , .
. .

( \t). ( \\). .
.
, . SQL Server 2000.
Server
column order Host f i l e f i e l d
order .
. bcp.exe
, .
.
server column name . .
{
S e r v e r column o r d e r . 0,
. , ,
, ,
.
,
, . .
. , .
, .
bcp.exe
( <Enter>).
bcp.fmt, :
8.0
5
1
SQLCHAR
40
""
discounttype
28. ,
2
SQLCHAR
SQLSMALLINT
SQLSMALLINT
SQLDECIMAL
0
1
1
""
stor_id
12
lowqty
highqty
discount
19
""
1153
""

, .
BULK INSERT
, bcp.exe, . , bcp.exe ,
. , bcp.exe Transact-SQL.
SQL Server 2000 .
x p c m d s h e i i , bcp.exe
. .
Microsoft , SQL Server 2000.
Transact-SQL, . BULK INSERT.
BULK INSERT Transact-SQL bcp.exe. BULK INSERT.
, SQL Server 2000.
bcp.exe, DTS (Data Transformation Services).
BULK INSERT , , bcp.exe,
.
BULK INSERT . bcp.exe.
BULK INSERT :
BULK INSERT [['database_name'.]['owner']-]{'table_name' FROM data_file}
[WITH ([ BATCHSIZE [= batchjsize]]
[[,] CHECK_CONSTRAINTS]
[[,] CODEPAGE [= 'ACP' I 'OEM' | 'RAW | ' code_page' ] ]
[[,] DATAFILETYPE [=
{'char' I 'native'I 'widechar' I 'widenative'}]3
[[,] FIELDTERMINATOR [= 'field_terminator']]
[[,] FIRSTROW [= first row]]
V.
1154
[[,]
[[,]
[[,]
[[,]
[[,]
[[,]
[[,]
[[,]
[[,]
FORMATFILE [ = ' f o r m a t _ f i l e j p a t h ' ] ]

KEEPIDENTITY]
[ [ , ] KEEPNULLS]
KILOBYTES_PER_BATCH [= k i l o b y t e s _ p e r _ b a t c h ] ]
LASTROW [= l a s t _ r o w ] ]
MAXERRORS [= m a x _ e r r o r s ] ]
ORDER ({column [ASC | DESC]} [ , . . . n ] ) ]
ROWS_PER_BATCH [= r o w s _ p e r _ b a t c h ] ]
ROWTERMINATOR [= ' r o w _ t e r m i n a t o r ' ] ]
TABLOCK]) ]
.
database_name
, , . .
owner
, ,
. , ,
, BULK
INSERT. , ,
dbo (data base owner, ).
table_name
, ,
.
,
. . , .
data_file
, . .
, , , . . , , UNC.
BATCHSIZE = batch_size
, . , , . BATCHSIZE ,
. .
CHECK_CONSTRAINTS

(constraints) .
, . -
28. ,
1155
, CHECKCONSTRAINTS.
SQL Server 2000
. ,
, .
, .
CODEPAGE [ = , ' A C P '
'OEM'
'RAW
'code_page']
CODEPAGE , . .
char, varchar t e x t 32
127.
DATAFILETYPE [ = ( ' c h a r '
'native'I
'widechar'
'widenative')]

( -, -n, -w -), ,
DATAFILETYPE, . :
char. . ,
. bcp.exe -.
native. , SQL
Server.
bcp.exe - DTS.
widechar. ,
Unicode. bcp.exe
-w.
widenative. Unicode.
SQL Server 2000.
char, varchar t e x t ,
Unicode. bcp.exe -.
1 FIELDTERMINATOR [= 'field_terminator']
-,
.
n a t i v e widenative. ,
(\t).
FIRSTROW [= f i r s t _ r o w ]
,
,
.
1156
V.
FORMATFILE [= ' f o r m a t _ f i l e _ p a t h ' ]
, .
KEEPIDENTITY
, , IDENTITY,
SQL Server 2000 . , , .
IDENTITY ,
BULK INSERT KEEPIDENTITY.
KEEPNULLS
,
. KEEPNULLS
NULL.
KILOBYTES_PER_BATCH [= kilobytes_per_batch)
.
.
LASTROW
[= l a s t _ r o w ]
,
. FIRSTROW
.
LASTROW ,
MAXERRORS [= m a x _ e r r o r s ]
, . , , SQL
Server 2000 . ,
.
ORDER ({column [ASC I DESC]} [,...n])
,
. , ,
,
ORDER . , .
ROWS_PER_BATCH [= rows_per_batch]
,
. . ROWS_PER_BATCH BATCHSIZE.
28. ,
1157
ROWTERMINATOR [= ' r o w _ t e r m i n a t o r ' ]
(\) (\).
, ROWTERMINATOR.
TABLOCK
SQL Server 2000 . , . .

.

.
29

.
.
, . , . , ,
.
SQL Server 2000 . ,
. OLE DB
,
ODBC, , .
Transact-SQL SELECT,
,
, .
:
SELECT * FROM table_name
, . .
,
. , , , ,
.
SELECT :
SELECT s e l e c t _ l i s t
[INTO new_table_] FROM t a b l e _ s o u r c e
[WHERE search_condition]
[GROUP BY group_by_expression]
[HAVING s e a r c h _ c o n d i t i o n ]
[UNION]
[ORDER BY order_expression [ASC I DESC]]
[COMPUTE compure_expression]
[FOR] [OPTION <query_hint>]
29.
1159
, SELECT . ,
SELECT
Transact-SQL. SQL Server 2000 , SELECT .
, .
. , , .
,
"" SELECT:
SELECT select_list
[INTO new_table] FROM table_source
[WHERE search_condition]
[GROUP BY group_by_expression]
[ORDER BY order_expression [ASC I DESC]]
. DTS, ,
SQLServerAgent, . SELECT. . , (query optimizer) .
.

SELECT. , .
SELECT
, . , , .
SELECT :
SELECT [ALL I DISTINCT] [TOP n [PERCENT] [ WITH TIES]] < s e l e c t _ l i s t >
.
ALL
, , .
. ALL
.
V.
7/60
DISTINCT
. , . NULL . DISTINCT ,
ALL.
[PERCENT] [WITH TIES]
,
.
, . PERCENT, TO ,
. , 50 , 30 , 50 PERCENT
15 .
ORDER BY, , , . WITH TIES , ,
ORDER BY, . ,
,
,
. , ,
, WITH TIES. WITH
TIES ORDER BY.
<select_list>
, ,
. :
<select_list> : : = { *
I {table_name | view_name I t a b l e _ a l i a s } . *
I {column_name | e x p r e s s i o n I IDENTITYCOL I ROWGUIDCOL}
[[AS] column_alias] I column_alias=expression} [ , . . . n ]
*.
, FROM. . , . . ,
. .
29,
1161
, ,
FROM, . .,
. WHERE, TO
. ,
23 13,
299 (23x13).
{table_name I view_name i t a b l e _ a l i a s } . *.
. , , , ,
*. table_name v i e w n a m e ,
. t a b i e a i i a s . , , ( ). ,
FROM.
coiumnname. ,
.
, FROM. , , ,
,
.
tabie_name. column_name. , .
expression. ,
. .
, , , , . , , , .
, .
.
IDENTITYCOL.
- ( IDENTITY).
, coiumn_name. IDENTITYCOL ,
. , , table_name. IDENTITYCOL. IDENTITYCOL
1162
V.
, .
.
-, IDENTITYCOL , .
ROWGUIDCOL. . ROWGUIDCOL
ROWGUIDCOL.
IDENTITYCOL.
[AS] col umna l i a s . (alias) .

.
,
, . SQL
Server 2000 .
. ,

, .
, .
.
.
.
,
.
column_alias=expression. .
, , ,
.
, .
, , ,
, . ,
[AS]
coiumnaiias
column alias=expression, .
, SELECT.
pubs, SQL Server 2000 .
29.
1163
ALL
, .
DISTINCT , .
SELECT DISTINCT state FROM authors
state
CA
IN
KS
MD
MI
OR
TN
UT
(8 row(s) affected)
8 , authors
23.
WITH T I E S . , WITH TIES:
SELECT TOP 35 PERCENT au_id, au_lname, city, state
FROM authors ORDER BY state
WITH T I E S :
SELECT TOP 35 PERCENT WITH TIES au_id, au_lname, city, state
FROM authors ORDER BY state
1164
V.
427-17-2319 Dull
486-29-1786 Locksley
672-71-324 9 Yokomoto
724-08-9931 Stringer
756-30-7391 Karsen
846-92-7186 Hunter
893-72-1158 McBadden
, 35 PERCENT 9 ,
WITH TIES ,
' 1 s t a t e . ORDER BY
, ,
ORDER BY
.
. ,
, . , :
SELECT TOP 10 [ ]=title, type as [],
price*ytd_sales as []
FROM titles
,
,
. ,
. , , .
SELECT (CASE WHEN s t a t e = ' C A ' THEN CAST(NEWID() as CHAR(36); ELSE
CAST(au_id as c h a r ( 1 6 ) ) END) as [],
''=au_fname, au_lname "", c t = c o n t r a c t
FROM a u t h o r s
1165
29.
:
INTO , .
, .
1166
V.
, .
FROM :
FROM {<table_source>} [,...n]
<table_source> ::= table_name [[AS] table_alias]
[WITH (<table_hint> [,...n])] I view_name [[AS] table_alias]
I rowset_function [[AS] table_alias]
I derived_table [AS] table_alias [(column_alias [,...n])]
I <joined_table>
table__name
, . ,
,
FROM. , , ,
. , ,
.
database_name.tabie_name.
, .
,
(linked)
SQL Server 2000.
[AS] table_alias
, .
. ,
p u b s . t i t l e a u t h o r ,
, , ta.
, . ,
.
, ,
, ,
,
, . .
WITH
(<table_hint>
[,...n].)
. WITH ,
.
<tabie_hint>,
:
29.
1167
< t a b l e _ h i n t > : : = {INDEX(indexjval [ , . . . n ] )

I FASTFIRSTROW | HOLDLOCK I NOLOCK I PAGLOCK I READCOMMITTED
I READPAST I READUNCQMMITTED I REPEATABLEREAD | ROWLOCK
I SERIALIZABLE | TABLOCK I TABLOCKX I UPDLOCK}
(~
19.
view_name [[AS] table_alias]
,
. . , ,
.
rowset_function [[AS]
table_alias]
r o w s e t f unction OPENQUERY,OPENROWSET, FREETEXTTABLE CONTAINSTABLE.
, ,
OLE DB. Oracle, SQL Server, ,
DBF XLS, MS Access . .
,
.
derived_table
[AS]
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[(column_alias
[,...n])]
.
,
, . ,
.
, - . ,
t a b i e a l i a s . , . coiumnalias
, . . .
<joined_table>
.
SQL Server 2000
FOREIGN KEY.
<joined_tabie>. , <joined_tabie>
, . <joined_table> -
1168
V.
<joined_table> :
<joined_table> : : =
ctable source> <join_type> <table_source> ON <search_condition>
I <table_source> CROSS JOIN <table_source> | <joined_table>
:
<table_source>. ,
.
, , (rowset function) .

<table_source>. <joined_table> <tabie_source>. , <table_source> <joined_table> ,
.
<join_type>.
. ,
. <join_type>
:
<join_type> ::= [INNER I {{LEFT i RIGHT I FULL} [OUTER]}]
[<join_hint>]
JOIN
INNER.
,
.
. ,
<search_condition>. ,
t i t l e s titieauthor
title_id,
t i t l e s . t i t l e _ i d = t i t l e a u t h o r . t i t l e _ i d . INNER , t i t i e i d (titles),
(titieauthor) . t i t l e s
, t i t i e i d t i t i e _ i d titieauthor. , titieauthor , t i t i e i d
t i t i e i d t i t l e s .
LEFT [OUTER] . -
,
. ; -
29.
1169
, t i t l e s ,
t i t i e a u t h o r , ,
, .
,
. ,
, NULL.
RIGHT [OUTER] . .
,
. ,
, NULL , .
FULL [OUTER] . . LEFT RIGHT ( ).
NULL.
INNER = -
WHERE. *= =* LEFT RIGTH..
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.
.
,
:
<join_hint> ':: = {LOOP | HASH I MERGE I REMOTE}
FROM
. . :
SELECT TOP 10 t.title, au_id, royaltyper as rtyper
FROM titieauthor as ta, titles [t]
WHERE t.title_id=ta.title_id
:
title
au_id
Prolonged Data Deprivation: Four Case Studies

Cooking with Computers:-Surreptitious Balance Sheets
172-32-1176
213-46-8915
213-46-8915
238-95-7766
267-41-2394
38*
rtyper
100
40
100
100
40
29.
CASE WHEN LEN(title)>30 THEN '...' ELSE " END
FROM authors a, titles t, titleauthor ta
WHERE ta.au_id=a.au_id AND ta.title_id=t.title_id AND state!='CA'
INNER. LEFT RIGHT.

, INNER:
SELECT TOP 10 authors.au_lname, authors.au_fname, contract as c t ,
titleauthor.au_ord, t i t l e a u t h o r . r o y a l t y p e r
FROM authors INNER JOIN t i t l e a u t h o r
ON authors.au id=titleauthor.au id ORDER BY contract ASC
,
c o n t r a c t ( 10).
:
au_lname
au_fname
ct
au_ord royaltyper
, , .
authors titleauthor auid. titleauthor , contract
authors 0. ,
authors titleauthor, :
SELECT au_id, au_fname, au_lname, c o n t r a c t FROM a u t h o r s
WHERE au_id NOT IN (SELECT au_id FROM t i t l e a u t h o r )
:
au_id
au_fname
341-22-1782 Meander
527-72-3246 Morningstar
724-08-9931 Dirk
893-72-1158 Heather
(4 row(s) affected)
au_lname
contract
Smith
Greene
Stringer
McBadden
0
0
0
0
1172
V.
INNER LEFT OUTER , :

SELECT TOP 10 authors.au_lname, authors.au_fname, contract as ct,
titieauthor.au_ord, titieauthor.royaltyper
FROM authors LEFT OUTER JOIN titieauthor
ON authors.au id=titleauthor.au id ORDER BY contract ASC
au_ord royaltyper, t i t i e a u t h o r ,
NULL , t i t i e a u t h o r .
LEFT RIGHT , INNER.
, t i t i e a u t h o r
authors. RIGHT
INNER, :
SELECT []=au_lname, []=au_fname,
[ ]=CAST(title as char(30))+
FROM authors as a RIGHT OUTER JOIN
(titieauthor as ta RIGHT OUTER JOIN titles as t
ON ta.title_id=t.title_id)
ON a.au_id=ta.au_id WHERE pub_id='O877'
1173
29.
Panteley
Blotchet-Halls
O'Leary
Gringlesby
Yokomoto
Sylvia
Reginald
Michael
Burt
Akiko
Onions , Leeks, and Garlic : Coo...

Fifty Years in Buckingham Pala...
Sushi, Anyone?
Sushi, Anyone?
Sushi, Anyone?
,
NULL, . . . FULL OUTER:
SELECT []=au_lname, []=au_fname,
[ ]=CAST(title as char(30))+
FROM authors as a FULL OUTER JOIN
(titleauthor as ta FULL OUTER JOIN titles as t
ON ta.title_id=t.title_id)
ON a.au id=ta.au_id WHERE pub_id='O877' OR contract=0
FULL OUTER
, , . , , NULL.
, NULL t i t l e s authors.
WHERE
,
. ,
. WHERE :
WHERE <search c o n d i t i o n > | column name {*= I =*} column_name
1174
V.
:
column_name {*= I =*} column_name

LEFT OUTER RIGHT OUTER. *= LEFT OUTER, =* RIGHT OUTER. -
coiumnname ,
, column_name. FROM
.
<search_condition>

. <search_condition> , TRUE FALSE. , TRUE, TO .
.
,
.
. <search_condition> :
<search_condition> : : = ( [NOT] <predicate> I (<search_condition>)}
[{AND I OR) [NOT] {<predicate> I ( < s e a r c h _ c o n d i t i o n > ) 1 ] } [ , . . . n ]
<search_condition>
,
. AND, OR
NOT. , ,
.
<predicate>, :
<predicate> ::=
(expression ( = | | != I > | >= | !> | < | <= | !<} expression
I string_expression [NOT] LIKE string_expression
[ESCAPE 'escape_character']
I expression [NOT] BETWEEN expression AND expression
I expression IS [NOT] NULL
I CONTAINS ({column | * } , '<contains_search_condition>')
I FREETEXT ({column | * } , 'freetext_string')
I expression [NOT] IN (subquery I expression [,...n])
I expression { = I <> I != I > I >= I !> | < | <= | !< }
{ALL I SOME | ANY) (subquery) | EXISTS (subquery)}
. = , < , > , != . . ^, :
expression. .
, .
29.
1175
TRUE, TO
.
string_expression. ,
. Transact-SQL
, , . LIKE, .
expression
[NOT]
BETWEEN e x p r e s s i o n AND e x p r e s s i o n .
, , . .
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NULL.
NULL, TO expression i s NULL
TRUE,
. expression
, .
NULL
= != , . . NULL
NULL, TRUE FALSE.
NULL i s NULL. :
DECLARE OVarl int
SET @Varl=NULL
IF @Varl=NULL SELECT 'aaa' ELSE SELECT 'bbb'
IF @Varl!=NULL SELECT 'aaa1 ELSE SELECT 'bbb'
:
bbb
(1 row(s) affected)
bbb
(1 row(s) affected)
Transact-SQL

NULL. SET ANSI_NULLS {ON I OFF}.
ON, , NULL NULL.

OFF, TO .
:
DECLARE evarl int
SET ANSI_NULLS OFF
SET @Varl=NULL
V.
IF @Varl=NULL SELECT 'aaa' ELSE SELECT 'bbb'
IF @Varl!=NULL SELECT 'aaa' ELSE SELECT 'bbb'
aaa
(1 row(s)
affected)
bbb
(1 row(s)
affected)
CONTAINS ( { c o l u m n I * } ,
' < c o n t a i n s _ s e a r c h _ c o n d i t i o n > ' ) .
FREETEXT
({column
*},
' f r e e t e x t _ s t r i n g ' ).
expression
[NOT]
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(subquery
expression
[ , . . . n ] ) .
IN , .
e x p r e s s i o n {=
!= |
>
>= I
!>
<
<=
!<}
{ALL
SOME
ANY} (subquery).
, , .
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(subquery). EXISTS TRUE,
.
FALSE.
WHERE , . :
SELECT * FROM authors WHERE state!='CA'
,
.

, :
SELECT title, value=price*ytd_sales '
FROM titles WHERE title_ID IN
(SELECT title_id FROM titleauthor WHERE au_id IN
(SELECT au_id FROM authors WHERE state! = 'CA' ))
ORDER BY value DESC
:
title
value
Fifty Years in Buckingham Palace Kitchens
180397.2000
29.
1177

Is Anger the Enemy?
Onions, Leeks, and Garlic
Life Without Fear
(6 row(s) affected)
66515.5400
40619.6800
22392.7500
7856.2500
777.0000
EXISTS , :
SELECT title, value=price*ytd_sales
FROM titles as t
WHERE EXISTS (SELECT * FROM titleauthor as ta
WHERE ta.title_id=t.title_id AND au_id IN
(SELECT au_id FROM authors WHERE state!='CA'))
ORDER BY value DESC
"^
, .
SQL Server 2000 , .
.
GROUP BY
.
,
, ,
.
,
, , .
GROUP BY :
GROUP BY [ALL] g r o u p _ b y _ e x p r e s s i o n [ , . . . n ] [WITH (CUBE | ROLLUP}]
, GROUP BY, SELECT

GROUP BY. SELECT ,
GROUP BY.
.
, .
SELECT
,
, . SELECT , . .
- .
:
1178
V.
COUNT(coiumnname).
( NULL) .
COUNT(*). ,
(NULL).
MAX(columnname).
.
MiN(columnname).
.
suM(coiumn_name).
.
.
AVG(coiumn_name).
, .
.
, NULL. , NULL. ,
NULL NULL. ,
4 5 NULL, TO NULL. NULL
COUNT(column_name) AVG(column_name).
SELECT ,
, , .
,
, , . , :
SELECT price, price*MAX(ytd_sales) , MIN(type) FROM titles GROUP BY price
price. p r i c e , p r i c e , . type .
:
price
NULL
2.9900
7.0000
7.3900
10.9500
0
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
NULL
66515.5400
777.0000
26654.6400
22392.7500
popular_comp
business
psychology
psychology
psychology
29.
1179

COUNT(column_name) COUNT(*):
SELECT t y p e , c o u n t ( p r i c e ) , c o u n t ( * )
:
type
FROM t i t l e s GROUP BY t y p e
V.
/180
,
. ,
, SELECT.
.
authors s t a t e
, :
SELECT state, count(*)
FROM authors GROUP BY state
:
state
29.
1181
WHEN price*ytd_sales<20000 THEN 2

ELSE 4 END)
WHEN 1 THEN ' < $10000'
WHEN 2 THEN ' $10000 $20000'
WHEN 3 THEN ' $20000 $30000'
WHEN 4 THEN ' $30000' END),
[- ] = 0 (*) ,
[ ]=SUM(price*ytd_sales) FROM titles GROUP BY
(CASE WHEN price*ytd_sales<10000 THEN 1
ELSE 4 END)
< $10000
3
$20000 $30000 2
$30000 13
(3 row(s) affected)
16729.5000
4 9047.3900
979731.8300
ALL

, , WHERE . , , , , NULL.
ALL:
SELECT state, [-]=COUNT(state) , MAX(city) FROM authors
WHERE city LIKE '[CS]%' GROUP BY state
,
, s.
. :
State -
1182
V.
3
San Jose
IN
0
NULL
KS
0
NULL
MD
0
NULL
MI
0
NULL
OR
1
Corvallis
TN
0
NULL
UT
2
Salt Lake City
(8 row(s) affected)
,
. ,
WHERE, NULL, 0.
,
.
WITH {CUBE
ROLLUP}
.
. CUBE ROLLUP , .
:
SELECT type, MAX(price), MIN(price)
FROM titles GROUP BY type
:
type
business
19.9900
mod_cook
19.9900
psychology
21.5900
trad_cook
20.9500
UNDECIDED
NULL
(6 row(s) affected)
2.9900
2.9900
20.0000
7.0000
11.9500
NULL

SELECT type, max(price), min(price)
FROM titles GROUP BY type WITH ROLLUP
:
type
business
19.9900
mod_cook
19.9900
psychology
21.5900
trad_cook
20.9500
UNDECIDED
NULL
NULL
22.9500
(7 row(s) affected)
ROLLUP:
2.9900
2.9900
20.0000
7.0000
11.9500
NULL
2.9900
29.
1183
, ( ),
. CUBE .

.
:
SELECT type, pub_id, [ ]=SUM(price*ytd_sales),
[, ] =AVG (price), [, ] =MAX(ytd_sales)
FROM titles GROUP BY type, pub_id
:
type
pub_id
business
0736
psychology
0736
0877
mod cook
0877
psychology
trad cook
0877
UNDECIDED
0877
business
1389
popular comp 1389
(8 row(s) affected)
55978.7800
131223.6700
107135.2200
8096.2500
249637.5000
NULL
210036.3000
283401.0000
.
2.9900
11.4825
11.4900
21.5900
15.9633
NULL
17.3100
21.4750
.
18722
4072
22246
375
15096
NULL
4095
8780
ROLLUP:
SELECT type, pub_id, [ ]=SUM(price*ytd_sales),
[, ]=AVG(price), [, ]=MAX(ytd_sales)
FROM titles GROUP BY type, pub_id WITH ROLLUP
, ( ).
type -
1184
V.
p u b i d .
p u b i d , NULL,
, .
, business , , 266015.0800, SUM ()
( ), business
. , AVG ()
price business type.
,
, . ,
y t d s a i e s ,
().
. , . ,
, , NULL.
, WITH ROLLUP , .
. , . WITH CUBE. WITH CUBE:
SELECT type, pub_id, [ ]=SUM(price*ytd sales),
[, ]=AVG(price), [, ]=MAX(ytd_sales)
FROM titles GROUP BY type, pub_id WITH CUBE
29.
0877
364868 .9700
NULL
1389
493437 .3000
NULL
/185
15.4100
18.9760
22246
8780

. p u b i d ,
p u b i d . .
7186
V.
WHERE HAVING:
SELECT s t a t e , count(au_lname), max(au_lname)
FROM a u t h o r s GROUP BY ALL s t a t e
:
state
(8 row(s) affected)
, WHERE , , ().
GROUP BY ALL,
. , .
HAVING ().
ALL.
29.
1187
, , . (SELECT *
FROM <tabie_name>),
.
ALL
.
, , ,
, . ALL , , , .
UNION .
UNION . , . .
. .
, . .
, , , . , SELECT .
,
, . , .
(char, varchar, nchar nvarchar)
,
. (binary
varbinary) , .
(money, smallmoney, float, numeric decimal)
, . ,
( i n t , smaliint t i n y i n t ) .

NULL,
NULL . NULL,
NULL.

.
V.
1188
UNION t i t i e b u s i n e s s
title_psychoiogy.
t i t l e s , , :
SELECT
FROM
SELECT
FROM
title_id, title, price, ytd_sales INTO titles_business

titles WHERE type='business'
title_id, title, price, ytd_sales INTO titles_psychology
titles WHERE type='psychology'
. :
SELECT * FROM t i t l e s _ p s y c h o l o g y
:
title_id title
price
ytd_sales
PS1372
Computer Phobic AND Non-Phobic Indiuals:
PS2091
Is Anger the Enemy?
PS2106
Life Without Fear
PS3333
Prolonged Data Deprivation: Four CaStudie
PS7777
Emotional Security: A New Algorithm
(5 row(s) affected)
tities_business:
SELECT * FROM titles business
BU1032
BU1111
Cooking with Computers: Surreptitious
BU2075
BU7832
(4 row(s) affected)
19.9900
11.9500
2.9900
19.9900
4095
3876
18722
4095
:
value=price*ytd_sales, type='psychology'
UNION
CASE WHEN LEN(title)>30 THEN '...' ELSE '' END,
value=price*ytd_sales, type='business'
FROM titles_business
'
,
. ,
t i t
i e i d
:
.
.

-
29.
1189
title_id title
value
type
BU1032
BU1111
BU2075
BU7832
PS3333
PS1372
PS2091
Is Anger the Enemy?
PS7777
Emotional Security: A New Algo...
PS2106
Life Without Fear
(9 row(s) affected)
81859.0500
46318.2000
55978.7800
81859.0500
81399.2800
8096.2500
22392.7500
26654.6400
777.0000
business
business
business
business
psychology
psychology
psychology
psychology
psychology
,
, . ,
.
. , , UNION:
SELECT title_id, title, price FROM titles WHERE type='popular_comp'
UNION
SELECT au_id, au_lname, contract FROM authors
WHERE state NOT IN CCA', 'UT 1 , ' KS' )
UNION
SELECT phone, type, contract*ytd_sales*0.78
FROM authors a, titleauthor ta, titles t
WHERE state NOT IN ('CA', 'UT', 'KS') AND ta.au_id=a.au_id AND
t.title_id=ta.title_id
~
:
title_id
title
219 547-9982 mod_cook

301 946-8853 trad_cook
503 745-6402 trad_cook
527-72-3246 Greene
615 996-8275 mod__cook
648-92-1872 Blotchet-Halls
712-45-1867 del Castillo
722-51-5454 DeFrance
807-91-6654 Panteley
PC1035
PC8888
PC9999
Net Etiquette
price
17351.88
292.50
11774.88
.00
1584.96
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
22.95
20.00
NULL
, ,

. , ,
.
1190
V.
ORDER BY

. ,
. . , . ,
. ,
,
.
, ,
ORDER BY, . :
ORDER BY {order_by_expression [ASC I DESC]} [,...n]
:
order_by_expression
, . , .
, . ,
,
.
ASC
DESC
o r d e r b y e x p r e s s i o n
. . ASC ,
DESC . , .
[,...]
, . , , .
. . . .
, , ,
.
29.
/9
ORDER BY UNION
, .
, . SELECT, INTO, FROM . .,
ORDER
BY.
t i t l e s
( type), ( pubid)
( t i t l e ) :
SELECT pub_id, type, title=CAST(title as char(30))+
CASE WHEN LEN(title)>30 THEN '...' ELSE ' END, price
FROM titles ORDER BY type, pub_id, 3
:
pub_id type
title
0736
business
1389
business
1389
business
1389
business
0877
mod_cook
Silicon Valley Gastronomic Tre...
0877
mod_cook
1389
popular_comp But Is It User Friendly?
1389
popular_comp Net Etiquette
1389
popular_comp Secrets of Silicon Valley
0736
psychology
0736
psychology
Is Anger the Enemy?
0736
psychology
Life Without Fear
0736
psychology
0877
psychology
0877
trad_cook
0877
trad_cook
Onions, Leeks, and Garlic: Coo...
0877
trad_cook
Sushi, Anyone?
0877
UNDECIDED
The Psychology of Computer Coo...
price
2.9900
11.9500
19.9900
19.9900
19.9900
2.9900
22.9500
NULL
20.0000
7.9900
10.9500
7.0000
19.9900
21.5900
11.9500
20.9500
14.9900
NULL
, .
,
:
SELECT TOP 10 pub_id, type, title=CAST(title as char(30))+
CASE WHEN LEN(title)>30 THEN '...' ELSE " END, price
FROM titles ORDER BY ytd_sales%10*(price-10)
:
pub_id type
0877
1389
title
price
UNDECIDED
The Psychology of Computer Coo... NULL
popular_comp Net Etiquette
NULL
1192
V.
0877
mod_cook
0736
business
0736
psychology
0736
psychology
Life Without Fear
1389
popular_comp But Is It User Friendly?
0736
psychology
Is Anger the Enemy?
1389
business
0877
trad_cook
2.9900
2.9900
7.9900
7.0000
22.9500
10.9500
11.9500
11.9500
, .
, .
29.
1193
. ,
expression , .

, COMPUTE
,
. (, ),
.
AVG. .
COUNT. , NULL.
. .
MIN. .
STDEV.
.
STDEVP. ( , VARP) .
VAR.
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BY expression.
, . , , ,
. BY ( ), . BY ORDER BY. , ,
, ORDER BY, . . . BY
,
ORDER BY. BY ORDER BY . .
, BY , ORDER BY. , . , ORDER BY columni, coiumn2, coiumn3,
COMPUTE BY columni, coiumn2,
column3; BY columni, column2 BY columni.
V.
1194
COMPUTE DISTINCT,
.
COMPUTE:
SELECT title=CAST(title as char(30))+
CASE WHEN LEN(title)>30 THEN '...' ELSE " END, price, ytd_sales
FROM titles COMPUTE AVG (price), SUM(ytd_sales), COUNT (ytd_sales)
29.
1195
1196
V.
, :
SELECT TOP 10 t i t l e = C A S T ( t i t l e as c h a r ( 3 0 ) ) +
CASE WHEN L E N ( t i t l e ) > 3 0 THEN ' . . . ' ELSE '' END,
type, pub_id, y t d _ s a l e s
FROM t i t l e s
ORDER BY t y p e , p u b _ i d , p r i c e
COMPUTE SUM(ytd_sales) BY t y p e , p u b _ i d
29.
1197
FOR
, DB-Library, a
XML. :
[FOR {BROWSE I XML (RAW I AUTO I EXPLICIT}
[, XMLDATA] [, ELEMENTS] [, BINARY BASE64] }]
BROWSE DB-Library .
FOR BROWSE . :
time stamp;
;
FOR BROWSE SELECT.
.
FOR BROWSE ,
U N I O N . , FOR BROWSE HOLDLOCK, .
XML XML,
-. SQL Server 2000
:
RAW. .
AUTO. XML.
EXPLICIT. XML . ,
.
.
:
XMLDATA.
.
. XMLDATA , .
ELEMENTS. .
ELEMENTS , XML.
BINARY BASE64.
64- .
11Q8
V.
OPTION
OPTION . (hint)
, , .
OPTION :
OPTION (
{(HASH I ORDER} GROUP I {CONCAT | HASH I MERGE} UNION
I { LOOP | MERGE I HASH } JOIN
! FAST number_rows I FORCE ORDER
I MAXDOP number I ROBUST PLAN
*
I KEEP PLAN | KEEPFIXED PLAN I EXPAND VIEWS
[,...n]})
:
{HASH I ORDER} GROUP
, GROUP BY COMPUTE. HASH -
, ORDER
.
{CONCAT | HASH | MERGE} UNION

UNION.
{LOOP I MERGE | HASH} JOIN
JOIN.
FAST number_rows

number_rows .
.
, .
FORCE ORDER
, . , .
MAXDOP n u m b e r
.
, s p c o n f i g u r e 'max degree of p a r a l l e l i s m 1 .
ROBUST
PLAN

, .
29.
1199

, (Query Optimizer)
. ROBUST
PLAN, . . .
KEEP PLAN
, . , , .
.
KEEPFIXED PLAN
.
EXPAND VIEWS
,
. ,
.
[,...]
, OPTION . , , UNION OPTION
, ,
OPTION.
30

Transact-SQL,
SQL Server 2000 . ,
INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE DELETE, -
, , , ,
. , . ,
, . Query Analyzer . , , . , .
,
, .
() .
,
, ,
. .
.
.
, .
. , ,
, . , ,
,
. . ,
, . , ,
.
30.
1201
, .
.
. ,
.
, , , Query Analyzer, . , ,
, . . ,
,

.
,
.
.
,
. ,
. .
. . ,
, , SQL Server 2000
(stored procedure).
. ,
,
,
.
,
.
, . .
, . .

,
.
. , Master, -
1202
V.
SQL Server 2000,

, , .
,
. .
UPDATE,
INSERT, SELECT DELETE. -
.
. ,
.

, SQL Server 2000 (system stored procedure). . , . ,
,
, , SQLServerAgent .
, Master sp, . , sp_help_fulltext_columns_cursor sp_attach_db.

(extended stored procedure)

. ,
,
( dll). To , . .
SQL Server 2000 ,

SQL Server 2000.
, . SQL
Server Open Data Services API.
SQL Server 2000,
. sp_addextendedproc,
:
sp_addextendedproc (Sfunctname =] 'procedure', [Sdllname =] ' d l l '
30.
1203
Sfunctname , .
, sp .
. @dllname dll-.
Master.

xpcmdsheli,
. Query
Analyzer :.
xp_cmdshell 'dir c:\'
:
output
, .
x p c m d s h e l i (system administrator).
1204

xpsendmaii.
. emamaev@khakasnet.ru authors:
EXEC xp_sendmail g r e c i p i e n t s = 'emamaev@khakasnet.ru',
@query = 'SELECT * FROM p u b s . . a u t h o r s ' ,
@subject = 'SQL Server R e p o r t ' ,
Smessage = 'The c o n t e n t s of t a b l e p u b s . . a u t h o r s ' ,
@attach_results = 'TRUE', Swidth = 320

SQL Server 2000 ,
.
,
SQL Server 2000.

. ,
.
. SQL Server 2000 EXECUTE,
.
CREATE
PROCEDURE, :
CREATE PROCEDURE] p r o c e d u r e _ n a m e [;number]
[ {@parameter d a t a _ t y p e ) [VARYING] [= d e f a u l t ] [OUTPUT] ]
[ , . . . n ] [WITH { RECOMPILE | ENCRYPTION | RECOMPILE, ENCRYPTION } ]
[FOR REPLICATION]
AS s q l _ s t a t e m e n t [ . . . n ]
:
procedure_name
,
. , 18.
, ,
( ).
SQL Server 2000
. #
() ## (). ,
.
30.
1205
, , . , # ##, 128 .
. , ' a n d y k . g e t _ s i l t _ s t u d e n t ' . ,
.
/number
.

, .
. , 20
, DROP PROCEDURE. . ,
63, 7, 92. , . .
[andyk] . [Get List student],-3.
: EXEC [andyk] . [Get List s t u dent] ,-. Enterprise Manager
.
Sparameter

. , . . ,
. ,
.
, ,
.
,
.
, , DECLARE.
, @ .
data_type
, .
SQL Server 2000, (UDDT, user defined data type).
1206
V.
cursor, , , .
VARYING
,
cursor. VARYING ,
.
default
,

, . . , ,
. , , . . , , , . . .
, , , NULL.
OUTPUT
,
. , ,
OUTPUT
. , OUTPUT . .
,
,
1024. .
. VARYING OUTPUT.
3 WITH

. :
30.
1207
RECOMPILE.
.

. .
ENCRYPTION.
syscomments, .
, .
FOR REPLICATION. . ,
. . , FOR
REPLICATION, .
.
AS
,
Transact-SQL.
sql_statement [...]
Transact-SQL,
.
, ,
, , . .

CREATE
PROCEDURE . ,
, :
CREATE PROCEDURE get_list_authors;1
AS
SELECT au_id, au_lname, state, phone FROM pubs..authors WHERE state!='CA'
, , :
EXEC get_list_authors;l
:
au_id
au_lname
341-22-1782 Smith
state phone
KS
913 843-0462
1208
527-72-3246 Greene
712-45-1867 del Castillo
899-46-2035 Ringer
998-72-3567 Ringer
(8 row(s) affected)
,
.
, ' .

, :
CREATE PROCEDURE g e t _ l i s t _ a u t h o r s ; 6
@state char(2) = 'UT'
AS SELECT au_id, au_lnarae, s t a t e , phone
FROM pubs.Tauthors WHERE s t a t e = @ s t a t e
e s t a t e , . , ' '. ,
e s t a t e , , :
EXEC get_list_authors;6
:
au_id
au_lname
899-46-2035 Ringer
998-72-3567 Ringer
(2 row(s) affected)
state phone
UT
UT
:
EXEC get_list_authors;6 'CA'
:
au_id
au_lname
172-32-1176
213-46-8915
238-95-7766
267-41-2394
274-80-9391
409-56-7008
427-17-2319
472-27-2349
486-29-1786
White
Green
Carson
O'Leary
Straight
Bennet
Dull
Gringlesby
Locksley
801 826-0752
801 826-0752

,
OUTPUT . .
,
, .
- ,
.
,
. NULL, TO .
.
CREATE PROCEDURE g e t _ a u t h o r _ i n f o
Sphone char(12)=NULL OUTPUT,
@au_id char(11)=NULL OUTPUT,
SLName char(40)=NULL OUTPUT,
@FName char(20)=NULL OUTPUT
AS
IF Sphone IS NOT NULL
SELECT @au_id=au_id, @LName=au_lname, @FName=au fname
FROM a u t h o r s WHERE phone=@phone
ELSE
IF @au_id IS NOT NULL
SELECT @phone=phone FROM a u t h o r s WHERE a u _ i d = @ a u _ i d
ELSE
SELECT @phone=phone FROM a u t h o r s WHERE au_lname=@LName AND
au_fname=@FName
:
DECLARE @phone c h a r ( 1 2 ) ,
@ID c h a r ( 1 1 ) ,
OLastName c h a r ( 4 0 ) ,
@FirstName c h a r ( 2 0 )
SET @phone='503 7 4 5 - 6 4 0 2 '
EXEC g e t _ a u t h o r _ i n f o S p h o n e , @ID OUTPUT, SLastName OUTPUT,
S F i r s t N a m e OUTPUT
SELECT [ID ] = @ , [ ] =@LastName,
[ ] = @ F i r s t N a m e
1210
V.
:
ID
(1 row(s) affected)
Reginald
:
DECLARE Sphone char (12),
@LastName char(40),
SFirstName char(20)
SET SLastName = 'Gringlesby'
SET @FirstName = 'Burt'
EXEC get_author_info @phone OUTPUT, @Lname = @LastName,
@Fname = SFirstName
SELECT [ ] = SLastName, [ ] = SFirstName,
[] = @phone
Gringlesby
(1 row(s) affected)
Burt
707 938-6445
,
, .

.
^)

, .
INSERT INTO,
28.

,
. ,
.
, .
,
, .

@mode. 1, . 2.
.
30.
1211
CREATE PROCEDURE get_series_info

@type char(12),
SResult CURSOR VARYING OUTPUT,
@mode int=l
AS
IF @mode=l
BEGIN
SET @Result = CURSOR STATIC FOR
SELECT au_id, au_lname, state, phone
FROM pubs..authors WHERE au_id IN
(SELECT au_id FROM titleauthor ta INNER JOIN titles t
ON ta.title_id = t.title_id AND type=@type)
OPEN @Result
RETURN
END
IF @mode=2
BEGIN
SET OResult = CURSOR STATIC FOR SELECT title_id,
title = CAST(title as char(30)), price, ytd_sales
FROM titles WHERE type=Stype
OPEN OResult
RETURN
END
RAISERROR(' ',1,11)
, business:
DECLARE @curs cursor,
@ID char(11) ,
@phone char(12),
SLastName char(40),
@State char(2)
EXEC get_series_info 'business', @curs output
FETCH FIRST FROM Scurs INTO @ID, @LastName, SPhone, estate
SELECT [ID ]=@, [ ] =@LastName, []=@phone,
[IIlTaT]=@State
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
FETCH NEXT FROM @curs INTO @ID, SLastName, @Phone, estate
SELECT [ID ]=@ID, [ ]=@LastName, []=@phone,
[UlTaT]=@State
END
:
ID
213-4 6-8915 Green
CA
41
CA
40
(1 row(s) affected)
ID
267-41-2394 O'Leary
(1 row(s) affected)
j2)2
ID
V.

(1 row(s) affected)
CA
41
ID
409-56-7008 Bennet
(1 row(s) affected)
CA
41
ID
CA
41
CA
41
'
(1 row(s) affected)
ID
(1 row(s) affected)
business:
DECLARE @curs cursor,
@ID char(6),
@Name char(30),
Sprice numeric,
@sales int
EXEC get_series_info 'business1, @curs output, 2
FETCH FIRST FROM @curs INTO SID, @Name, SPrice, SSales
SELECT [ID ]=@ID, [ ]=@Name,
[]=@1, []=@sales
WHILE 8@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
FETCH NEXT FROM Scurs INTO 8ID, @Name, @Price, @Sales
SELECT [ID ]=@ID, [ ]=@Name,
[]=@1, []=@sales
END
:
ID
BU1032
The Busy Executive's Database
(1 row(s) affected)
20
4095
ID
BUI111
Cooking with Computers: Surrep 12
(1 row(s) affected)
3876
ID
BU2075
You Can Combat Computer Stress 3
(1 row(s) affected)
18722
30.
1213
ID
BU7832
20
4095
S t r a i g h t Talk About Computers
(1 row(s) affected)
ID
BU7832
S t r a i g h t Talk About Computers 20
4095
(1 row(s) affected)

.

. ,
, ,
,
.

RETURN,
. ,

, . RETURN . , .
, 0.

.
.
0. , . ,
, , :
CREATE PROCEDURE get_series_info;27
@price NUMERIC (6,2)
AS
DECLARE @cnt INT
SELECT Sent = COUNT(*) FROM titles WHERE price>=@price
RETURN Sent

EXEC <variable> = <stored procedurex
:
V.
1214
DECLARE @aa int
EXEC @aa=get_series_info;27 15
SELECT ' '=@
(1 row(s) affected)

,
.
ALTER PROCEDURE, :
ALTER PROC[EDORE] procedure_name [;number]
[{@parameter data_type } [VARYING] [= d e f a u l t ] [OUTPUT]]
[WITH {RECOMPILE I ENCRYPTION I RECOMPILE , ENCRYPTION}]
[FOR REPLICATION]
AS sql_statement [ . . . n ]
[,...n]
Transact-SQL , . ALTER
PROCEDURE .
.
, .
, .
A L T E R PROCEDURE
.
,
. A L T E R PROCEDURE .
SQL Server 2000 s p h e i p t e x t , . ,

get_series_inf, :
sp_helptext 'get_series_inf'
:
Text
30.
1215
CREATE PROCEDURE get_series_info

@type char(12),
SResult CURSOR VARYING OUTPUT,
@mode int = 1
AS
IF @mode = 1
BEGIN
SET SResult = CURSOR STATIC FOR SELECT au_id, au_lname, state, phone
FROM pubs..authors WHERE au_id IN (SELECT au_id
FROM titleauthor ta INNER JOIN titles t
ON ta.title_id = t.title_id AND type=@type)
OPEN @Result
RETURN
END
IF @mode = 2
BEGIN
SET @Result = CURSOR STATIC FOR SELECT title_id,
title = CAST(title as char(30)), price, ytd_sales
FROM titles WHERE type=@type
OPEN SResult
RETURN
END
RAISERROR(' ',1,11)
CREATE PROCEDURE get_series_info;27
@price NUMERIC (6,2)
AS
DECLARE @cnt INT
SELECT @cnt = COUNT (*) FROM titles WHERE price>=@price
RETURN @cnt
, . .
,
Query Analyzer.
Enterprise Manager
s p _ h e l p t e x t .
, .
,
. , Enterprise Manager ,
, CREATE
PROCEDURE, . .
s p h e l p t e x t pubs. -
1216
V.
,
Master. , sp_addgroup:
USE master
EXEC s p _ h e l p t e x t 'sp_addgroup'
:
Text
create procedure sp_addgroup
Sgrpname
sysnarae
name of new role
as
declare Sret int
execute @ret = sp_addrole grpname
return Sret
, sp_addgroup s p a d d r o l e ,
, s p a d d r o l e . ,
spaddgroup
SQL Server. SQL Server 2000
, ,
.

- . :
DROP PROCEDURE { p r o c e d u r e }
[,...n]
DROP PROCEDURE .
sysobjects
, syscomments
. SQL Server 2000 ,
. ,
, . , . , ,
, .
, wasted
, DROP
PROCEDURE , .
, ,
ALTER TABLE
.
s p h e l p t e x t .
31
SQL Server 2000 , .

, .
, ,
. , , .
. .
-
. ,
, SELECT .
,
, (cursors). ,
.
, , , .
, ,
(complete set of rows). SELECT
,
(resulting set).
.
WHERE.
. ,
. SQL Server 2000 ,
.
SELECT, .
.
, SELECT, INSERT,
UPDATE DELETE. -
1218
V.
( WHERE).
.

. 1000
, .
1000 .

SELECT. , ,
SELECT .
.
.

. , SELECT
,
(record set),
. , .
.
SQL Server 2000 ,
, . , , .
, .

. , ,
SELECT, UPDATE, INSERT DELETE.

:
Transact-SQL (Transact-SQL Cursors).
Transact-SQL. .

. Transact-SQL ,
.
API (API Server Cursors).

31.
1219
(ODBC, OLE DB, DB Library . .)- API, . API

Transact-SQL. API, , , .
Transact-SQL, API
.
(Client Cursors). .
. .
, . .
, .
.
,
, SELECT. , .
,
, , , , . .
.
,
, , , . . SQL Server 2000
ODBC, OLE DB, ADO DB Library.
Transact-SQL .

:
(Forward-only). , . . ,
. ,
, .
(Scrollable). , . ,
1220
V.
.
(
), ( ).
, .

( ) .
, .
Transact-SQL
API , Transact-SQL.
SQL Server 2000 ,
. ( ) .
. , . . .

, SELECT,

, . (static
cursor), , (snapshot cursor) , .
, ,
Tempdb. ,
( ).
, .
, .
.
,
.
,
. -
31.
1221
,
, , . .
. ,
,
. ,
,
.
. , , , ,
. "
"(read only.)
,
, . ,
, ,
,
. ,
. , .
Tempdb,
, . , (auto grow) .

, (keyset driven cursors) , , ,
WHERE SELECT. TO , ,
, ,
.
(keyset). ,
, .
.

.
,
J222
V.
.
. , , . ,
, .
(row missing). .
,
( WHERE) ,
, ,
,
. , .
, , Tempdb.
,
. ,
(auto grow)
.

, SQL
Server 2000 (forward-only)
(scroll).
,
(forward-only cursors). . ,
. ,
, .

. SELECT
.
, . , .
, . ,
, .
31.
1223

(dynamic cursors)
, , .
, , . .
, ( ), .
.
, ,
.
, SELECT,
.
, , .

, .
.
UPDATE, INSERT DELETE.
.
SQL Server 2000 . , .
, .
ACID, 19.
(
, , , .

, SELECT,
,
.
1224
V.
:
(declare cursor).
, .
. SELECT, .
.
(open cursor).
,
. SELECT. ,
Tempdb.
Tempdb
.

. , ,
.
.
(close cursor). ,
,
.
Tempdb. .
(release cursor). .

. , , .
. .
.

, . DECLARE CURSOR. SQL Server 2000
. ANSI SQL-92 .
Microsoft .
.
ANSI SQL-92:
DECLARE cursor_name [INSENSITIVE] [SCROLL] CURSOR
FOR select_statement
[FOR {READ ONLY I UPDATE [OF column name [,...n]]}]
31.
1225
:
cursor_name
, .
. ,
@.
INSENSITIVE
. Tempdb. " ". INSENSITIVE , .

SCROLL

. SCROLL , . ,
,
.
select_statement
SELECT,
.
,
INTO, GROUP BY COMPUTE.
READ ONLY

. , .
" " . READ ONLY .
UPDATE
[OF c o l u m n _ _ n a m e
[,...n]]
. INSENSITIVE. coiumnname
[,...] ,
. ,
.
, ANSI SQL-92
. , .
1226
V.

Transact-SQL DECLARE CURSOR:
DECLARE c u r s o r _ n a m e CURSOR
[LOCAL ! GLOBAL]
[FORWARD_ONLY I SCROLL]
[STATIC | KEYSET I DYNAMIC I FAST_FORWARD]
[READ_ONLY I SCROLL_LOCKS I O P T I M I S T I C ]
[TYPE_WARNING]
FOR s e l e c t _ s t a t e m e n t
[FOR UPDATE [OF c o l u m n _ n a m e [ , . . . n ] ] ]
,
, :
D LOCAL
, . . ,
. ,
.
, .

OUTPUT. .
GLOBAL
, ,
. , ,
. , ,
, .
(~
. , , .
, .
FORWARD_ONLY
,

.
SCROLL
,
, .
STATIC
.
KEYSET
31.
1227
DYNAMIC
FAST_FORWARD
READONLY ,
, . . . FAST_FORWARD
SCROLL FOR_UPDATE. , FORWARD_ONLY
FAST_FORWARD .
READ_ONLY
( ). READ_ONLY .
. , .
SCROLL_LOCKS
, . , . .
. FAST_FORWARD SCROLLLOCKS .
OPTIMISTIC
, .

, SCROLL_LOCKS. timestamp, . ,
. , ,
, . , .
, ( ), . FAST_FORWARD OPTIMISTIC.
TYPE_WARNING
, ,
,
. -
1228
V.
. TYPEWARNING

.
:
DECLARE @state char(2)
SET @state='CA'
DECLARE [auth s t a t e ] CURSOR SCROLL KEYSET LOCAL FOR
SELECT au_id, au_lname, au_fname, s t a t e FROM a u t h o r s
WHERE state=@state
,
SELECT. ORDER BY, .

. , . SELECT. . ,
Tempdb.
OPEN, :
OPEN {{[GLOBAL] cursor_name} | cursor_variable name}
GLOBAL , .
, , . GLOBAL ,
, . ,
, GLOBAL .
cursorname.
(
c u r s o r v a r i a b i e n a m e ) .
, .
.
,
:
OPEN [auth state]
31.
1229

.
,
.
FETCH, :
FETCH
[ [NEXT I PRIOR ] FIRST | LAST I ABSOLUTE {n I @nvar}
I RELATIVE {n | tovar) ]
FROM ]
{{[GLOBAL] cursor_name} I @cursor_variable_name}
[INTO @variable_name[,...n] ]
FETCH , . , ,
. FROM, , .
INTO ,
.
(
^)
, .
, . . , , ,
.
:
NEXT
, .
, .
, , NEXT, . . .
PRIOR
, PRIOR
, .
FIRST
. ,
.
1230
* V.
LAST
. ,
.
ABSOLUTE

( ). .
1 , .
:
. , .
@nvar. , ,
.
RELATIVE { I gnvar}
,
, RELATIVE ,
( ).
, ,
. ,
.
,
. 0 .
GLOBAL
,

, . GLOBAL ,
.
(. . ), GLOBAL .
cursor_name
, . . .
@cursor_variable_name
, ,
. .
31.
1231
@variable_name[,...]
, .
,
. ,
. , INTO,
. ..
FETCH INTO , ,
,
, FETCH SELECT.
:
DECLARE cursl CURSOR LOCAL DYNAMIC SCROLL READ__ONLY FOR
SELECT au_id, au_lname, phone FROM authors
WHERE state in CCA', 'UT')
OPEN cursl
DECLARE @ID char(ll), SLName char(40), @Phone char(12)
FETCH FIRST FROM cursl INTO @ID, @LName, SPhone
SELECT [ID ]=@, [] =@Phone, [ ]=@LName
FETCH NEXT FROM cursl INTO @ID, @LNarae, @Phone
SELECT [ID ]=@ID, []=@Phone, [ ]=@LName
FETCH NEXT FROM cursl INTO @ID, @LName, SPhone
SELECT [ID aBTopaJ=@ID, []=@Phone, [ ]=@LName
FETCH NEXT FROM cursl
FETCH NEXT FROM CUrsl
FETCH NEXT FROM cursl
:
ID
172-32-1176 408 496-7223 White

(1 row(s) affected)
ID
213-46-8915 415 986-7020 Green

(1 row(s) affected)
ID
1232
V.
238-95-7766 415 548-7723 Carson

(1 row(s) affected)
au_id
au_lname
267-41-2394 O'Leary
phone
408 286-2428
(1 row(s) affected)
au id
au_lname
phone
415 834-2919
(1 row(s) affected)
au id
au_lname
409-56-7008 Bennet
phone
415 658-9932
(1 row(s) affected)

UPDATE. , .
UPDATE ,
. UPDATE ,
. FETCH , .
, , , .

,
UPDATE.
UPDATE:
UPDATE table_name SET {column_name={DEFAULT I NULL I expression}} [,...n]
WHERE CURRENT OF cursor_name
t a b i e n a m e , . , , , ,
SET.
WHERE, , , CURRENT OF
31.
1233
cursorname.
, . cursorname , ,
.
, .
.
. .
.
BEGIN TRAN
SELECT au_id, au__lname, au_fname, state FROM authors WHERE state! = 'CA'
DECLARE curs2 CURSOR LOCAL SCROLL FOR
SELECT au_id, au__lname, au_fname FROM authors WHERE state! = 'CA'
OPEN curs2
FETCH FROM curs2
FETCH FROM curs2
FETCH FROM curs2
UPDATE authors SET state='XY\
au_lname=au_lname+' ' +LEFT (au__fname, 1) + ' . ' WHERE CURRENT OF curs2
FETCH FROM curs2
UPDATE authors SET state='YZ\
au__lname=LEFT(au_fname, 1) +'.' + ' '+au_lname WHERE CURRENT OF curs2
SELECT au_id, au_lname, au_fname, state FROM authors WHERE state!='CA'
ROLLBACK TRAN
, .
, .
, authors , . .
.
:
au id
Iname
'
fname
state
V.
1234
id
lname
341-22-1782 Smith
527-72-3246 Greene
648-92-1872 Blotchet-Halls R.
712-45-1867 I. del Castillo
899-46-2035 Ringer
998-72-3567 Ringer
(8 row(s) affected)
fname
state
Meander
Morningstar
Reginald
Innes
Michel
Sylvia
Anne
Albert
KS
TN
XY
YZ
IN
MD
UT
, , .

DELETE, :
DELETE [FROM] table_name WHERE CURRENT OF cursor_name

UPDATE, .
DELETE , . . ,
DELETE .
31.
1235
, UPDATE DELETE
:
BEGIN TRAN
DECLARE curs2 CURSOR LOCAL SCROLL FOR SELECT au_id, au_lname, au_fname
FROM authors WHERE state!='CA'
OPEN curs2
FETCH FROM curs2
FETCH FROM curs2
FETCH FROM curs2
DELETE authors WHERE CURRENT OF curs2
FETCH FROM curs2
DELETE authors WHERE CURRENT OF curs2
ROLLBACK TRAN
fname

, , , . (
, Tempdb),
. . . SELECT, .
,
"" .

.
.
, .
,
.
Transact-SQL:
CLOSE {{[GLOBAL] cursor_name} I @cursor_variable_name}
GLOBAL , ,
, . GLOBAL , .
(. . ), GLOBAL .
cursorname.
(
@cursor_variable_name).
31.
1237

, .
.
. , , SELECT, .
,
. , . . ,
. , .
DEALLOCATE, :
DEALLOCATE {{[GLOBAL] cursor_name}
I @cursor_variable_name}

, , , .

Transact-SQL , . , ,
. ,
, @@CURSOR_ROWS. , @@CURSOR_ROWS .
@@CURSOR_ROWS .
@@CURSOR_ROWS 0,
, , .
1, . 1, , . , .
,
.
,
, . , 3- ,
5 , . ,
1238
V.
, , .
Transact-SQL @@FETCH_STATUS,
.
0, . 1, ,
, .
, - 4 , , , @@CURSOR_ROWS.
@@FETCH_STATUS 2, ,
(row missing). , ,
.
,
@@FETCH_STATUS F E T C H .
, .
,
F E T C H .
@@FETCH STATUS
:
DECLARE curs3 CURSOR LOCAL STATIC FOR SELECT au_lname FROM authors
OPEN curs3
DECLARE @LName char(30), @Rs varchar(40)
SET @Rs=''
FETCH FIRST FROM curs3 INTO SLName
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
SET @Rs=@Rs+LEFT(@LName,l)
FETCH FROM curs3 INTO SLName
END
SELECT @RS
CLOSE curs3
DEALLOCATE curs3
:
BBCDdDGGGHKLMMOPRRSSSWY
(1 row(s) affected)
32

. Primary Key, Foreign Key, Unique, ,
. . . . ,
, .
, ,
.
. ,
. .

(triggers) SQL Server 2000 TransactSQL, . , .
,
, . .
.
,
, .
,
, . ,
, ,
. ,
. ,
( ).
, , , .
1240
V.
SQL Server 2000 ,

.
, . SQL Server 2000 , , :
INSERT TRIGGER. , , INSERT.
UPDATE TRIGGER.
UPDATE.
DELETE TRIGGER.
DELETE.
(_
UPDATE TEXT WRITE TEXT, -
( image,
t e x t ntext). UPDATE, .
, , :
AFTER. , SQL Server. SQL Server 2000
.
INSTEAD OF.
. , , .
SQL Server 7.0 . , SQL Server 7.0,
, .
. , , ,
.
.
- . , (merge replication)
. , ,
, , , ,
.
32.
1241

. ""
.
, ,
. ,
.
((~
, . , .

Transact-SQL, , . , ACID. To
, .
SQL Server 2000 , .
. .
, ,
,
.
, :
(CREATE RULE DROP RULE);
(CREATE DEFAULT DROP DEFAULT);
(CREATE INDEX DROP INDEX);
, (CREATE TRIGGER, ALTER TRIGGER
DROP TRIGGER);
, (CREATE
ALTER PROCEDURE DROP PROCEDURE);
PROCEDURE,
, (CREATE TABLE, ALTER TABLE DROP

TABLE);
, (CREATE VIEW, ALTER VIEW

DROP VIEW);
1242
V.
, (CREATE
DATABASE, ALTER
DATABASE DROP DATABASE);

(UPDATE STATISTICS);
(CREATE SCHEMA);
(TRUNCATE TABLE);
(GRANT,
REVOKE DENY);

(RESTORE DATABASE, RESTORE LOG, LOAD DATABASE LOAD LOG);
RECONFIGURE, DISK RESIZE DISK I N I T .
, .
.

,
,

. ,
,
(deathlocks).
,
. .
CREATE TRIGGER, :
CREATE TRIGGER trigger_name
ON {table I view} [WITH ENCRYPTION]
{ { FOR [{ AFTER | INSTEAD OF }]
{ [DELETE] [,] [INSERT] [,] [UPDATE] }
[ WITH APPEND ]
[ NOT FOR REPLICATION ]
' AS
[ { IF UPDATE (column)
[ { AND | OR ) UPDATE (column) ]
[ ... ] I IF (COLUMNS_UPDATED()
{ bitwise_operator ) updated_bitmask )
( comparison_operator } column_bitmask [ ...n ] } ]
sql statement [ .. . n ] }
32.
1243
, . . . , . ,
.
:
trigger_name
.
SQL Server 2000.
.
Unicode
128 . .
.
{ table I view }
, . , .
.
(~~
. ,
.
WITH ENCRYPTION
, .
syscomments, . , , .
FOR
. :
AFTER. . AFTER,
INSTEAD OF, TO AFTER.
INSTEAD OF. ,
.
.
INSTEAD OF
,
.
.
1244
V.
DELETE.
.
INSERT.
.
UPDATE.
.
WITH APPEND
,
(compatibility level) 70, . . SQL Server 6.x,
. WITH APPEND 60 65 -.
,
. 70, CREATE
TRIGGER WITH APPEND .
NOT FOR REPLICATION
,
(, ) . ,
.
.
AS
Ha , , , .
IF UPDATE
(column)
.
'column. UPDATE
INSERT.
, UPDATE (column),
OR AND.
UPDATE (column) TRUE,

, F A L S E . , .
1245
32.
IF (COLUMNS J J P D A T E D . . . )
. COLUMNS J J P D A T E D , .
.
,
COLUMNS UPDATED)) 1.~ 0.
, ,
. IF
(COLUMNS JJPDATED . . . )
, .
, IF
UPDATE (column), . . . , :
b i t w i s e o p e r a t o r . . COLUMNS JJPDATED
. & ( AND).
, .
updated_bitmask. , .
&, , , . , 6 ,
1, 3 4 , COLUMNSJJPDATEDO 13 ( 001101).
1 4 , 9 (
001001). &.
(COLUMNS_UPDATEDO & 9) .
comparison_operator. ,
COLUMNS_UPDATED( ) , . comparisonoperator . =,
(<, >,! = . .).
column_bitmask.
, , (COLUMNSJJPDATEDO {bitwise_operator} updated^
bitmask). ,
. .
, 1,
1246
V.
4 , IF
(COLUMNSJJPDATEDO & 9) = 9. ,
1, 4 , (COLUMNS_UPDATED() & 9) > 0.
[.. . ] . ,
, .
sql_statement [...]
Transact-SQL,
. , , , .
. , , .

, . ,
.
syscomments. .
ALTER
TRIGGER, :
ALTER TRIGGER t r i g g e r _ n a m e
ON ( t a b l e I view) [WITH ENCRYPTION]
{ { (FOR I AFTER I INSTEAD OF) { [DELETE] [,] [INSERT] [,] [UPDATE] }
[NOT FOR REPLICATION]
AS s q l _ s t a t e m e n t [ . . . n ] }
I { (FOR I AFTER I INSTEAD OF) { [INSERT] [,] [UPDATE] }
[NOT FOR REPLICATION]
AS ( IF UPDATE (column)
[ {AND I OR} UPDATE (column) ]
[ . . . n ] I IF (COLUMNSJJPDATEDO { b i t w i s e _ o p e r a t o r } u p d a t e d _ b i t m a s k )
{comparison_operator} columnjbitmask [ . . . n ] }
sql_statement [...n]
} }
ALTER TRIGGER
CREATE TRIGGER .
, . ,
WITH ENCRYPTION ( ),
,
. .
.
32.
1247

dbowner db_ddladmin, .
. ,
,
.

, , , . Transact-SQL:
DROP TRIGGER { t r i g g e r }
[,...n]
, t r i g g e r , , . DROP TRIGGER
, .
,
, dbowner
db_ddladmin.

. " " CREATE TRIGGER,
. .
, ,
. ,
Transact-SQL. , .
, Transact-SQL ,
.
ODBC , :
SET
QUOTED_IDENTIFIER
ON
, . . ;
SET TEXTSIZE 2147483647 , SELECT t e x t
ntext;
SET ANSIDEFAULTS ON
ANSI;
1248
V.
SET CURSOR_CLOSE_ON_COMMIT OFF

;
SET IMPLICITJTRANSACTIONS OFF .
, BEGIN TRAN.
, .
SET.
,
, .
,
, .
, SELECT. , , . , ,
. SELECT .
, . .
Transact-SQL , :
COLOMNS_UPDATED (). ,
.
1 , , .
CREATE
TRIGGER .
UPDATE (column). , . UPDATE (column) .
.
TRIGGER_NESTLEVEL ( [ o b j e c t _ i d ] ). -
. o b j e c t i d .
O B J E C T I D
(trigger_name). TRIGGER_NESTLEVEL, ,
.
, , . -
32.
1249
i n s e r t e d deleted. , :
INSERT. i n s e r t e d
, .
( ) i n s e r t e d . deleted
, INSERT .
DELETE. d e l e t e d
, . i n s e r t e d
, .
UPDATE.
inserted, deleted.
, . inserted ,
deleted. To . inserted
deleted, , .
inserted deleted , , .
,
" ".
, .
deleted ,
, i n s e r t e d , . ,
, ,
. , ,
.
i n s e r t e d deleted
, ,
, .

,
. smaiitities',
t i t l e s :
SELECT title_id, title=CAST(title as nvarchar(30))+
CASE WHEN LEN (title) >30 THEN '...' ELSE '" END,
type, price, sales = ytd_sales
.
INTO smaiitities
.
FROM titles
-.-.
.
: V
, -.;
V.
1250
:
SELECT * FROM s m a l l t i t l e s
:
title id t i t l e
BU1032
BU1111
BU2075
BU7832
MC2222
Silicon Valley Gastronomic Tre...
MC3021
MC3026
The Psychology of Computer Coo...
PC1035
PC8888
PC9999
Net Etiquette
PS1372
PS2091
Is Anger the Enemy?
PS2106
Life Without Fear
PS3333
PS7777
Emotional Security: A N e w A l g o . . .
TC3218 Onions, Leeks, and Garlic: Coo...
TC4203
TC7777
Sushi, Anyone?
type
,
popuiarcomp psychology,
10 000 sa. , t i t i e i d , .
:
CREATE TRIGGER smalltitles_triggerl
ON smalltitles WITH ENCRYPTION FOR UPDATE
AS
IF UPDATE(title_id)
BEGIN
IF
WHERE
BEGIN
END
ROLLBACK
RAISERROR
SELECT
RETURN
ROLLBACK
RAISERROR
SELECT
UPDATE(type)
(SELECT
d.title_id
type
** (SELECT
TRAN
type
TRAN
FROM
FROM
IN
('
psychology
1
=('popular_comp',
deleted
FROM
AND
deleted
,11)
i.title_id)
title_id
EXISTS(SELECT
inserted
as
WHERE
',
iFROM
AND
WHERE
as
title_ID
inserted)
'psychology'))
type
d *WHERE
type!=
FROM
1 IN
popular_comp
NOT
,11)
deleted
('popular_comp',
IN
',
'psychology')
1251
32.
RETURN
END
IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM deleted WHERE sares>10 000) AND
SUSER_SID()!=SUSER_SID('sa')
BEGIN
RAISERROR (' 10 000
sa', 1 ,11)
SELECT * FROM deleted WHERE sales>10000
ROLLBACK TRAN
RETURN
END
COMMIT TRAN
RETURN
t i t l e i d :
UPDATE smalltitles SET title_id=LEFT(title_id, 5)
WHERE LEFT (title, 1) IN (', '', 'L')
:
Msg 50000, Level 1, State 50000

title id title
type
price
sales
(6 row(s) affected)
I

:
UPDATE smalltitles SET t i t l e _ i d = title_id
:
Msg 50000, Level I, State 50000

title_id title
type
price
sales
(0 row(s) affected)
. .
,
.
8888 ( popular_comp):
UPDATE s m a l l t i t l e s SET type = *new_comp' WHERE t i t l e _ i d = 'PC8888'
1252
V.
:
Msg 50000, Level I, State 50000
popular_comp psychology
title_id title
.
type
price
1254
1255

FULL OUTER 1169
FULLTEXTCATALOGPROPERTY 1108
FULLTEXTSERVICEPROPERTY 1108
G
GETANSINULLllll
GETDATE() 1105
GO 1087
GOTO 1085
GRANT 254
Grid Pane 391
GROUP BY 1177
guest 227
GUID 609, 1097
H
HAS_DBACCESS 1108
HAVING 1185
HOSTJDO 1111
HOST_NAME() 1 111
I
IAM 813
IDENTJNCR1111
IDENT_SEED 1111
IDENTITY 956, 1111
IDENTITYCOL 1161
IF...ELSE 1083
IN 1080
INDEX_COL1108
INDEXPROPERTY 1108
INNER 1168
INSENSITIVE 1225
INSERT 325, 1122
int 1089
INTO 1165
IS_MEMBER1108
IS_SRVROLEMEMBER 1108
ISDATE 1105
ISNULL 1070, 1111
ISNUMERIC 1106
isql.exe 39
isqlw.exe 39
itwiz.exe 39
LEFT 1109
LEFT OUTER 1168
LEN 1109
LIKE 1081
LOG 1106
LOG10 1106
logread.exe 40, 583
LOWER 1109
LTR1M 1109
M
makepipe.exe 39
Master 22
MAX 1178
MIN 1178
Model 24
money 1091
MONTH 1105
Msdb26
msmerge_contents 610, 611
msmerge_tombsttfne 610
msrepl_transactions 603
N
nchar 1095, 1109
NEWID()1112
NO ACTION 953
NOT 1078
ntext 1096
NULL 949
NULLIF 1112
numeric 1090
nvarchar 1096
OBJECT_NAME 1108
OBJECTPROPERTY 1108
odbccmpt.exe 39
odbcping.exe 40
OPEN 1228
OPTION 1198
OR 1078
ORDER BY 1190
osql.exe 40
OUTPUT 1209
KEEP PLAN 1199

KEEPFIXED PLAN 1199
PARSENAME 1112
PATINDEX 1109
/256
PERCENT 1160
PERMISSIONS 1112
PI 1106
POWER 1106
PRINT 1059
processadmin 222
Profiler 34
qrdrsvc.exe 584
QUOTENAME 1109
R
RADIANS 1106
RAID 778
RAND 1106
READ ONLY 1225
readpipe.exe 40
real 1091
rebuildm.exe 40, 120, 540 '
RECOVERY 774
Remsetup.exe 79
REPLACE 1110
REPLICATE 1110
replmerg.exe 40, 587
RESTORE DATABASE 563, 565
RESTORE LOG 566
RETURN 1213
REVERSE 1110
REVOKE 259
RIGHT 1110
RIGHT OUTER 1169
ROBUST PLAN 1198
ROLLBACK TRAN 854
ROLLBACK WORK 854
ROLLUP 1182
ROUND 1106
ROWCOUNT_BIG() 1112
ROWGUID 609, 610
ROWGUIDCOL 609, 950, 1162
RTRIM 1110
sa22l
SAVE TRAN 853
scm.exe 40
SCROLL 1225
securityadmin 222
SELECT 1159
SELECT INTO 325

SELECT...INTO 1127
SERVERPROPERTY 1112
SESSIONJJSER 1112
SET:
ANSI_NULL_DFLT_OFF 949
ANSI_NULL^DFLT_ON 949
DEADLOCK_PR1OR1TY 880
IDENTITYJNSERT 957
1MPLICIT_JRANSACT1ON
OFF 852
ON 856
LOCK_TIMEOUT 867
QUOTEDJDENTIFIER 824
REMOTE_PROC_JRANS 861
TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL 869
setupadmin 222
Setupsql.exe 75, 77
SHUTDOWN 147
SID 203, 1093
SIGN 1107
SIN 1107
smalldatetime 1092
smallint 1089
small money 1091
snapshot.exe 40, 582
SOME 1079
SOUNDEX 1110
sp addalert 501
spadd j o b 493
sp_add_operator 505
sp_addapprole 244
sp_addextendedproc 1202
spaddgroup 241
sp_addlinkedserver 283
spaddlinkedsrvlogin 290
sp_addlogin 208
sp_addremotelogin 313
spaddrole 240
sp addrolemember 236
spaddserver 308
spaddsrvrolemember 223
sp_addtype 840
sp_adduser 231
sp_attach_db 542, 944
sp_attach_single_file db 944
sp_bindefault 829
sp_bindnile 837
sp_changedbowner 919
sp_changeobjectowner 825, 1016
sp_configure 162, 193
allow update 230, 492
allow updates 179
cost threshold for parallelism 173
default language 179
fill factor 183
1257
'locks 865
'max server memory' 168
'max worker threads' 171
'rnin memory per query" 169
1
'min server memory 168
'nested triggers' 180
'priority boost' 172
'query governor cost limit' 180
'recovery interval' 184
'remote access' 177
'remote proc trans' 177, 861
'remote query timeout' 177
'set working set size' 169
'show advanced options' 163
'two digit year cutoff 181
'user connections' 176
sp_dboption 912
sp_depends 978, 1015
sp_detach_db 542, 942
spdropapprole 246
sp_droplinkedsrvlogin 295
sp_dropremotelogin 318
sp_droprole 242
sp_droprolemember 237
spdropserver 298
spdropsrvrolemember 224
sp_droptype 842
spdropuser 233
sp_fkeys 979
sp^grantdbaccess 231
sp_grantlogin 212
sp_help 974, 1012
sp_helpdb 920
sp_helpfile921
sphelpfilegroup 921
sp_helplinkedsrvlogin 292
sp_helpremotelogin 315
sp_helprolemember 237
sp_helprotect 260
sphelpsrvrole 224
sphelpsrvrolemember 223
sphelptext 206
sp_helpuser 231
sp_remoteoption 317
sp_rename 1010, 1043
sp_renamedb 918
sp_revokedbaccess 232
sp_serveroption 295
sp_setapprole 245
sp_spaceused 924
sp_unbindefault 831
sp_unbindrule 837
sp_updatestats 1051
sp_user_counter 724
SPACE 1,110
sql_variant 1098
sqlagent.exe 40
sqlcli.bat 78
sqlcst.bat 78
sqldiag.exe 40
sqlftwiz.exe 41
sqlins.bat 78
sqlmaint.exe 40
sqlrem.bat 78
sqlservr.exe 40, 147
sqltrace.exe 761
sqlupg.bat 78
SQRT 1107
SQUARE 1107
STANDBY 774
STATS_DATE 1112
STDEV 1193
STDEVP 1193
STR 1110
STUFF 1110
SUBSTRING 1110
SUM 1178
SUSER_SID 1109
SUSER_SID() 230
SUSER_SNAME 1109
sysadmin 221, 222
sysalerts 474
sysdatabases 891
sysdepends 1015
sysindexes 1048
syslogins 206
sysoperators 505
sysservers 281
SYSTEMJJSER 1112
systypes 840
sysusers 228
sysxlogins 206, 289
TAN 1107
Tempdb 25
text 1096
timestamp 617, 1097
tinyint 1089
TOP 1160
TRIGGER_NESTLEVEL([object_id]) 1248
TYPEPROPERTY 1108
U
UNION 1186
UNIQUE 951
UPDATE 1130, 1248
1258
UPDATE STATISTICS 1049
UPPER 1110
USE 1086
USER ID 1109
VAR 1193
varbinary 1094
varchar 1095
A
264
120
468
526
791
719
:
884
806
184
885
938
917
883
427
885
820
542, 942
918
881
920
541, 942
785, 794
:
184
881
579
787
21
891
945
926
911
785
VARP 1193
VARYING 1210
vswitch.exe 41, 90
w
WAITFOR 1086
WHERE 1173
WHILE..CONTINUE 1084
WITH TIES 1160
845, 847
864
:
865
866
877
849
848, 878
848
:
849
850
849
850
872
870
867
575
775
227
180
410
172
773
1058
799
776
1158
1062
1060

609, 1097
575

772
:
279
811
809
824
860

73
663
662
Windows NT 205
11216, 1122, 1127
204
791
780
379
430
788, 791
1057
180
- 177
173
:
SQL Server 2000 147, 155, 157, 159
419
417
780
779
203, 1093
200
798
1130
73, 122
324
1027
820, 1017
1019
1022
1020
1043
1042
1027
1030
1044
1024
1259
1029
1025
DTS Designer 376
379
ActiveX Script 384
Bulk Insert 430
Copy SQL Server Objects 427, 448
Data Driven Query 423
Dynamic Properties 456
Execute Package 436
Execute Process 417
Execute SQL 419
File Transfer Protocol 381
Message Queue 440
Send Mail 429
Transfer Database 454
Transfer Error Messages 446, 453
Transfer Jobs 453
Transform Data 387
378
169
169
537
792
737
737
775, 777
- 786
126
792, 820
65
738, 791
1062
184
181
178
586

616, 858
423
526, 535, 543
791
1217
1229
1223
1237
1236
1232
1223
1221
( . . 1260)
1260
():
1224
1237
1228
1219, 1222
1219
1220
1234
:
1061
53
536
790

175
1135
RAID 779
41
:
849, 866
858
1085
788
582, 597
719
Event Viewer 735
Performance Monitor 722
SQL Server Profiler 736
Task Manager 732
720
737
761
741
63, 65
885
171
799
81
859
722
265
821
823
1062
:
189
190
1062, 1072

821, 839
821
776
790, 791
DTS 330, 456, 463

1087
395
1058, 1063
:
188
508
325
52, 63
1064
788, 791
:
224
53
53
63, 64
171
180
55, 234, 247
821, 835
820, 995
761
74, 122
:
858
858
182, 517
184
772
185, 572
221, 234
. 280
269

69, 121
198
179
120
1025
:
SQL Server 2000 16, 119, 161
328
472, 737
TCP/IP 74, 122
66
Unicode 63
189
823
1048
517
45
791
811
791
790, 791
120
722
1261
820, 827
:
507
167
268
531
45, 74, 92
38
205, 209, 221
76
- 786
807
181, 1025
1063, 1100
821, 1200
173
790, 820, 946

RAID 778
1088
853
845, 854
821, 1239
324
811
429
1134
307
178
1057

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MS SQL SERVER 2000

I. SQL SERVER 200 0

SQL Server Service Manager

KEEP PLAN 1199

TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL

'max server memory' 168

Message Queue 440

DTS 330, 456, 463

790, 820, 946

SQL Server 2000

I. SQL Server 2000

SQL Server 7.0 SQL

SQL Server 2000 . SQL Server 2000

1. SQL Server 2000

I. SQL Server 2000

1. SQL Server 2000

I. SQL Server 2000

SQL Server 2000

, Internet Information Server (MS)

1. SQL Server 2000

I. SQL Server 2000

SQL Server 2000

1. SQL Server 2000

I. SQL Server 2000

1. SQL Server 2000

, SQL Server 2000 .

SQL Server 2000

SQL Server 2000

Microsoft Search (MSSearch);

2. SQL Server 2000

I. SQL Server 2000

2. SQL Server 2000

I. SQL Server 2000

2. SQL Server 2000

SQL Server 2000

I. SQL Server 2000

2. SQL Server 2000

SQL Server 2000.

1. SQL Server 2000

Master Data SQL Server 2000. :

2. SQL Server 2000

SQL Server 2000 Model

I. SQL Server 2000

2. SQL Server 2000

SQL Server 2000

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