THEORY OF DESIGN =< WHY; SOUL CDEP Lecture notes EU. Ozaeta ARCHITECT ~ arché foremost; tekton: worker = In charge of something as basic as survival ‘familiar space” - accepts the responsibility of the survival ofthe people of tis planet” THEORY — = _abody ofrelated facts or principles = explains a phenomenon = basis for future action = ex, Design Concept ‘TYPES OF THEORY ‘a. Descriptive ~ describes things b. Prescriptive ~ prescribes basis or guidelines & Gritical ~ bet. relationships bet. Architecture & Society = big highfaluting ideas ARCHITECTURE ‘Asscience and art ‘As creating places for people "space w/ memory & meaning Asareflection of the self “be aware of your own definition of Architecture” ARCHITECTURAL SYSTEMS 1) Space- “foremost thing to design: spaces for people’ {a} Organizational pattern b)_ Relationships ©) Clarity d) Hierarchy 2)Form a). Structure ~ “what will make it stand up and not fall down" i) Formal image ii) Spatial Definition b) Enclosure - the thing that you see i) Qualities of shape, color, texture, scale & proportion ii) Qualities of surfaces, edges, and openings 3) Grculation - “people move through and around spaces” ; movement in space-time a) Approach and entry b) Path configuration and access ©) Sequence of spaces d) Light, view, touch, hearing, and smell 4)Technology ~ no longer designing for bahay kubo a). Structure and enclosure b) Environmental protection and comfort ©) Health, safety, and welfare 4) Durability and sustainability 5) Program ~ to know how people behave and know how to ‘program spaces for them a) User requirements, needs, aspirations b) Sociocultural factors ©) Economic factors d) Legal constraints ) Historical tradition and precedents €6)Context ~ your design isnot floating in space and is actually part ofthe real context a). Site and environment b) Climate: sun, wind, temperature, precipitation ©) Geography: soils, topography, vegetation, water d) Sensory and cultural characteristics ofthe place ‘ARCHITECTURAL ORDERS What people know about Architecture How do the ordinary people understand Architecture ‘Orders | Form andSpace Systems and Org Physical _ | Solid and voids “Space Interior and exterior | -Structure Enclosure -Machines Perceptual | -Minds starts using all the | -light, color, other senses texture, view and. Sensory and perception | sound of the physical elements by experiencing them sequentially in time Conceptual | takes everything from _ | Images senses and starts turning | -Patterns ‘them into meanings Signs everything have “Symbols meaning context PRIMARY ELEMENTS OF DESIGN 1)Point - indicates a position in space; + Invisible dot somewhere in space Two ends ofaline Intersection of two lines ‘The meeting of lines at the comer of plane or volume = The center of afield 2) Line ~ extended pointsa). Properties = Length = Direction = Position 3)Plane - extended lines, a). Properties Length and width = Shape Surface Orientation Position 4)Volume- extended planes a). Properties = Length, width, and depth = Form and Space = Surface = Orientation = Position FORM ~ point of contact between mass and space 1) Properties of Form a) Shape- edge/ outline of planefigure b) Size ~ physical dimensions of LWD ©) Color d) Texture ~ visual and tactile quality ) Position ~ location of form f)Orientation-direction 9) Visual Inertia ~ static or dynamic 2)Primary Shapes a) Circle b) Triangle ©) Square 3)Primary Solids a). Sphere b) Gylinder ©) Cone d) Pyramid e) Cube 4)Regular and irregular Forms a) Regular forms ~ parts are related to one another in a consistent and orderly manner b) Irregular forms ~ parts are dissimilar in nature and related to one another in an inconsistent manner 5)Transformation of Form a) Dimensional Transformation ~ manipulate one or more dimension b)_ Subtractive Transformation ~ subtracting a portion ofits volume ©) Additive Transformation ~ add extra forms to basic primary solids ‘6)Organization of Additive Form ) Centralized Form b) Linear Form ‘i EEE EEEE pence ©) Radial Form d) Clustered Form ) Grid Form core 7)Articulation of Form ~ manner in w/c surfaces come together to define shape and volume = How to put things together to look good Differentiating adjoining planes with a changes inmaterial, color, texture, or pattern = Developing corners to physically separate neighboring planes = Lighting the form to create sharp contrast in tonal value along edges and comers, a) Edges & comers ==] | ‘Two planes simply touch and comer remains unadomedSPACE 1) Space as defined by Form ~ 3d form always articulate space " the form and enclosure of each space in a building either determines, or is determined by, the form of the spaces around it.” 2)Horizontal Elements Defining Space a) Base plane ~ floor or ground b) a @d = Horizontal plane laying as figure ona contrasting background defines a simple field of space Elevated base plane ~ horizontal plane elevated above the ground plane establishes vertical surfaces along its ‘edges that reinforce the visual separation between its field {and the surrounding ground, Depressed base plane ~ depressed into the ground plane utilize the vertical surfaces ofthe lowered area to define a volume of space. ‘Overhead plane - located overhead defines a volume of space between itself and the ground plane Ex. Beljingairport 3)Vertical Elements Defining Space a) b) a @d e) Vertical Linear Elements ~ define the perpendicular edges of a volume of space Fh gp I | Single vertical plane ~ single vertical plane articulates the space on which it fronts >| EF L shaped plane ~ generates afield of space its commer outward along diagonal axis NS [ Parallel Planes ~ define a volume of space between. them that is oriented axially toward both open ends ‘of the configuration cl @ [Le] U-shaped Planes ~ defines a volume of space that is ‘oriented primarily toward the open end of the configuration r @) 4planes: Closure ~ establish the boundaries of an introverted space and influence the field of space ‘around the enclosure Et SL