Copyright Pearson Education, Inc.

Slide 1 Chapter 2, Section 1

Introduction
What ideas and traditions influenced
government in the English Colonies?
English customs and ideas about
government, including:
The idea of ordered government
The principle of limited government
The principle of representative government
English historical documents, including:
The Magna Carta
The Petition of Right
The English Bill of Rights
Copyright Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 2 Chapter 2, Section 1
Look at some of the
differences
Copyright Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 3 Chapter 2, Section 1
Key Political Concepts
Ordered government
Local governments should be divided into units and
ruled by officers according to law.

Limited government
Individual citizens have basic rights
There are limits on government power

Representative government
Government should serve the will of the people. In
other words, people should have a say in what the
government does or does not do.
Copyright Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 4 Chapter 2, Section 1
The Magna Carta
Signed by King John in
1215

Created by English
barons to put limits on the
once absolute power of
the King.

Guaranteed certain
fundamental rights for the
privileged, such as trial by
jury and due process of
law. Over time, these rights
were extended to all
English people.
Copyright Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 5 Chapter 2, Section 1
The Petition of Right
The Petition of Right was
signed by King Charles I
in 1628.

Banned the king from
imprisoning or punishing
people without first
following the laws of the
land.
Kept the king from
declaring military rule in
times of peace or
making people house
soldiers.
Required the consent of
Parliament for taxation.
Copyright Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 6 Chapter 2, Section 1
American Rights
This chart compares
the rights guaranteed
by the Magna Carta
and the English Bill
of Rights with the
freedoms listed in the
Virginia Bill of
Rights and the Bill of
Rights in the U.S.
Constitution.
Copyright Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 7 Chapter 2, Section 1
Three Types of Colonies
Royal colonies were directly
controlled by the king.

Proprietary colonies were
run by a proprietor chosen
by the king.

Charter colonies were run
mainly by elected
legislatures and were the
most independent.


Copyright Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 8 Chapter 2, Section 1
Objectives Section 2
1. Explain how Britains colonial policies
contributed to the growth of self-government in
the colonies.
2. Identify the major steps that led to growing
feelings of colonial unity.
3. Compare the First and the Second Continental
Congresses.
4. Analyze the ideas in the Declaration of
Independence.
5. Summarize the common features of the first
State constitutions.
Copyright Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 9 Chapter 2, Section 1
Introduction
What events and ideas led to American independence?

Unpopular British colonial policies, such as taxation without
representation.

Growing political unity among the colonies.

Colonial protests against British policies.

British efforts to punish some colonies for showing
independence.

Fighting between colonists and British soldiers.
Copyright Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 10 Chapter 2, Section 1
Early Efforts at Unity
In 1765, Britain passed the
Stamp Act.

Copyright Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 11 Chapter 2, Section 1
The Stamp Act Congress
Nine colonies responded by forming the
Stamp Act Congress in New York.

They sent a Declaration of Rights and
Grievances to the king. This was the first
unified colonial protest.
Parliament repealed the Stamp Act.
Copyright Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 12 Chapter 2, Section 1
Tensions Grow
New laws continued
to anger colonists.
They responded with
boycotts and
violence

Events like the
Boston Massacre
and Boston Tea
Party raised tensions.
Copyright Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 13 Chapter 2, Section 1
First Continental Congress
Met in Philadelphia in 1774 in response to the
Intolerable Acts

Boycotted English goods, and was approved
by all 13 colonies.
Copyright Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 14 Chapter 2, Section 1
Second Continental Congress
Became the official government from
1776-1881,

The Battles of Lexington and Concord had
already been fought and the Revolutionary
War begun.

A continental army was created and
George Washington was made
commander-in-chief.
Copyright Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 15 Chapter 2, Section 1
Second Continental Congress, cont.
This Congress became
Americas first national
government, from 1776-1781.
It had legislative and
executive powers.
During the war, it raised a
military, printed and
borrowed money, and
made foreign treaties.

Copyright Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 16 Chapter 2, Section 1
Breaking from Britain
Congress resolved to break away from
Britain in 1776.

The delegates declared independence on July
2, 1776 and adopted the Declaration on
July 4.