POWER PLANT

TYPES
1.THERMAL(80%)
2.NUCLEAR
3.HYDRO-ELECTRIC
4.GAS TURBINE CCPP
5.WIND TURBINE
6.COGENERATION
SCHEMATIC OF BOILER AND TG
(500 MW)
BOILER
GENERATOR
HP
I P
L P EX
FW
FUEL
AIR
MS
CR
450kg/sec
400kg/sec
Coal 250 t/h
Oil100 t/hr
1600 t/hr
180bar, 540 c
25 T
30 T
60 T
150MW
STATOR 350 T
ROTOR 90 T
25 MTRS
210 TONS
RH
150MW
200MW
SCHEMATIC OF NUCLEAR
POWER
SCHEMATIC OF HYDRO-
ELECTRIC POWER PLANT
DAM
PIPE LINE
TURBINE G
SCHEMATIC OF GAS TURBINE AND
STEAM TURBINE(CCPP-200 MW)
COMPRESSOR
COMBUSTION
CHAMBER
GT
HRSG
ST
AIR
GAS
22 T/H
120
MW
80
MW
HRSG BY PASS
WIND TURBINE GENERATOR
SCHEMATIC OF COGENERATION
POWER PLANT
BOILER TURBINE
HEATER
GENERATOR
WATER
FUEL
AIR
EX
STEAM
COMPONENTS OF A THERMAL
POWER PLANT
STEAM GENERATING UNIT--BOILER
STEAM TURBINE
HEAT EXCHANGERSFEED WATER
HEATERS(HP & LP)
CONDENSER
GENERATOR
TURNING GEAR
SWITCH YARD
Steam Generating Unit
STEAM GENERATING UNIT-
BOILER
FURNACE
STEAM DRUM (SUPERCRITICAL> 221 bar)
SUPER HEATER (steam Temp<540 C)
REHEATER
ECONOMISER
AIR PREHEATER
PULVERIZERS
BURNERS
FANS(FD,GR,ID,PA)
ASH HANDLING SYSTEM (FLY ASH,BOTTOM ASH)
ELECTRO STATIC PRECIPITATOR (20-100KV)
STACK
BOILER TUBE
LEAK
STEAM TURBINE
HIGH PRESSURE (HP) MODULE
INTERMEDIATE PRESSURE (IP)
MODULE
LOW PRESSURE (LP) MODULE
DIA- 3.6 MTRS
BLADES 48
DEAERATOR
DRUM
HOTWELL
CONDENSOR
RAPH
HP
HEATER
BOILER FEED
PUMP
ESP
ID
FAN
MILL
BUNKER
PA
FAN
FD
FAN
LSHS
BOILER
LC
PUMP
REFINERIES
LP HEATER CEP
CWP
GT
TRANSMISSION
LINES
HP
IP
LP
GENERATOR
EXC
PREPARED BY OPERATION DEPT. TROMBAY FOR KAIF 07
HP BYP
LP BYP
CST
HMP
DM
PLANT
TO
SEA
FROM
SEA
541 deg
168 bar
541 deg
39 bar
180 bar
145 deg
200 bar
28 bar
WATER CIRCUIT
STEAM CIRCUIT
AIR CIRCUIT
FLUE GAS CIRCUIT
FUEL CIRCUIT
500 MW
SGWCP
CENTRAL CONTROL ROOM
DATE ACQISITION SYSTEM(DAS)-250
mili sec
SEQUENCE OF EVENT RECORDER
(SER)
ANNUNCIATORS
FURNACE SUPERVISORY SAFEGUARD
SYSTEM(FSSS)
LOGIC CIRCUITS
1. BURNER OIL PRESS LOW
2. FLAME FAILURE
3. FURNACE DRAFT LOW/HIGH
TURBINE PROTECTIONS
BEARING VIBRATIONS HIGH
CONDENSER VACCUM LOW
BEARING LUBRICATING OIL
PRESSURE LOW
OVER SPEED TRIP
WATER CHEMISTRY
pH - HIGH--- FOAMING,CARRY OVER
OF SOLIDS TO TURBINE (9.5 in feed
water)
pH- LOW---FAILURE OF
HEATERS,DISSOLVED COPPER CAN
CAUSE BOILER CORROSION
HARDNESS---DEPOSITS ON HEAT
SURFACES
CARRYOVER OF SILICA
GRID FAILURE
DEVIATION IN DEMAND AND SUPPLY
SUDDEN DRAW OF POWER
CASCADE TRIPPING OF UNITS
--ISLANDING SCHEME
--47.6 HZ (O.2 SEC), 52.5 Hz (SPEED CONTROL)
NO SPINNING RESERVE CAPACITY
INADEQUATE AND DETERIORATED
TRANSMISSION LINE NETWORK
SUDDEN DRAW OF POWER
STATE A
STATE B
G 1
G 2
G 3
52.5 C/S
47.6 C/S
C 1 C2
C 3
C 4 C 5 C 6
G 4
G 5
G 6
50
SUDDEN DRAW OF POWER
STATE A
STATE B
G 1
G 2
G 3
52.5 C/S
47.6 C/S
C 1 C2
C 3
C 4 C 5 C 6
G 4
G 5
G 6
50
TURBINE GENERATOR DECK
CONDENSER
COOLING
PUMPS
CONDENSER COOLING PIPE LINE
SELECTION OF SITE FOR A
THEMAL PLANT
AVAILABILITY OF FUEL
EVACUATION OF
POWER/TRANSMISSION NET WORK
AVAILABILITY OF COOLING WATER
(SEA/RIVER/LAKE)
ADVANTAGES
1. FLXIBLE IN STARTING AND
STOPPING DAILY
2. LAST EASILY FOR MORE THAN 50
YEARS
3. NO FUEL REQD
GAS TURBINE-STEAM TURBINE
POWER PLANT (CCPP)
ADVANTAGES
1. LESS INSTALLATION COST(30%)
2. LESS INSTALLATION TIME
3. QUICK STARTING AND STOPPING
4. HIGH EFFICIENCY ( MORE THAN 50%)
5. FAST RESPONSE TO LOAD CHANGE
DISADVANTAGES
1. PART LOAD EFFICIENCY IS LOW
2. GAS DEPENDENT
PRESENT POWER
GENERATION SCENARIO
MISMANAGEMENT OF POWER
SECTOR
NO ADEQUATE PEAKING PROVISION
FUEL SCARECITY
TARIFF ISSUE
PARTICIPATION OF PRIVATE SECTOR
HOW WE ACT?
INTELLECT
MIND
BODY
TONGUE, EYES, EARS, SKIN, NOSE
RIGHT ACTION
WRONG ACTION