Momentum questions - ANSWERS

Momentum = mass x velocity (p = mv)

1. What is the momentum in kgm/s of a 10 kg truck traveling at 5 m/s?
p = mv = 10 x 5 = 50 !m"s
2. What is the momentum of a bullet of mass 50g travelling at 300 m/s?
p = mv = 0#050 x $00 = 15 !m"s
3. What is the momentum of a dog (mass 12 kg) fired out of a canon at 120 m/s?
p = mv = 1% x 1%0 = 1&&0 !m"s
. !eorge" #hose mass is $ kg" is running at 5 m/s and %um&s onto a ' kg skateboard moving in the same
direction at 3.0 m/s. What is their s&eed after !eorge is on the skateboard?
Momentum 'e(o)e = Mom o( *eo)!e + Mom o( sate'oa), = &-x5 + .x$ = %/1 !m"s
Momentum a(te) = (Mass *eo)!e + sate'oa),)v = (&- + .)v = 55v
Momentum 'e(o)e = Momentum a(te)
%/1 = 55v
v = %/1"55 = &#.5 m"s
5. ( truck of mass 500 kg moving at m/s to the right collides #ith another truck of mass 1500 kg moving at
1.5 m/s to the left. What is their common velocit) after the collision if the) stick together? (*int+ ,ake one
of the velocities negative and do a sketch to sho# #hat is ha&&ening)
Mae le(t t0e positive ,i)ection
Momentum 'e(o)e = 500 x -& + 1500 x 1#5 = -%000 + %%50 = %50 !m"s
Momentum a(te) = (500 + 1500)v = %000v
Momentum 'e(o)e = momentum a(te)
%50 = %000v
1 = %50"%000 = 0#1%5 m"s (to t0e )i!0t)
-. .hae is standing still and fires a rifle. /he bullet has a mass of 0.05 kg and is travelling at 350 m/s. 0f .hae
has a mass of -0 kg" #ith #hat velocit) does he move back#ards.
Momentum 'e(o)e = 0 (not0in! movin!)
Momentum a(te) = momentum o( 20ae + momentum o( 'ullet = /0v + 0#0&5x$50 = /0v + 15#.5
Momentum 'e(o)e = momentum a(te)
0 = /0v + 15#.5
/0v = -15#.5
v = -0#%/ m"s (in t0e opposite ,i)ection to t0e 'ullet)
'. ( comet of mass 1 1 10
-
kg hits the earth at a s&eed of 1 1 10
5
m/s. (t #hat s&eed does the earth move
back#ards after the collision (mass of earth 2 '00 1 10
22
kg)? ((ssume that the earth is not moving before
the collision" a big assum&tion3)
Momentum 'e(o)e = momentum a(te)
1 x 10
/
x 1 x 10
5
= (.00 x 10
%%
+ 1 x 10
/
)v
1 = 1 x 10
11
".00 x 10
%%
= 1#&$ x 10
-1&
m"s