Earthquake Guided Notes

page494
What is stress? What is strain? How to they compare
and contrast? (make a Venn diagram)
What are the 3 diferent types of faults? Describe
each
!e"erse #aults$ fractures that form as a result of
hori%ontal compression
&ormal #aults$ fractures caused by hori%ontal
tension
'trike$'lip #aults$ fractures caused by hori%ontal
shear
'tress
(he forces per
unit area acting
on a material
)*ceeds the
strength of the
rocks in"ol"ed
'train
(he deformation
of materials in
response to
stress

(hey both
respond to
each other
Earthquake Guided Notes
page494
(ype of
wa"es
+aterials
,
Descriptio
n
'ketch +o"emen
t
-rimary '.uee%e
and pull
rocks in
the same
direction
in which
the wa"es
are
tra"eling
/ack and
forth
'econdar
y
0ause
rocks to
mo"e at
right
angles in
relation to
the
direction
of the
wa"es
!ight
angles to
the
direction
of the
wa"e
Earthquake Guided Notes
page494
'urface 'eismic
wa"e that
mo"es in
two
directions
as they
pass
through a
rock
1p and
down and
side to
side
How do the focus and the epicenter of earth.uakes
compare and contrast?
#ocus$ where an earth.uake originates
)picenter$ the point on )arth2s surface directly abo"e
the focus
(he greater the distance between 3-4 and 3'4 wa"es
on a seismograph the (longer or shorter) distance
away from the epicenter
5onger
What is the name of the scale used to measure the
energy released during an earth.uake? What is the
range of the scale?
!ichter 'cale
What is the name of the scale used to measure the
intensity (damage done) during and earth.uake?
What is the range of the scale? +agnitude
Earthquake Guided Notes
page494
Describe the damage caused by eatrh.uakes for a
le"el 67 87 and 69
6$ 0an2t be felt unless of unusual circumstances
8$ 'light damage is caused and can be felt by most
e"eryone
69$ Destruction of most buildings and structures