Types of Volcanoes Guided Notes page 480

Do not write on this copy. Transfer the questions into your notebook in Cornell style and use your book to find the answers.

What is the relationship between craters, calderas, vents, and
magma?
Magma comes to Earths surface (lava). Lava erupts through an opening called a vent. At
the top of the volcano, around the vent, is a depression called a crater. If the crater is
larger than 1 km, than it becomes a caldera.
How does a crater lake form? (words and pictures)
A crater lake is formed when a side of the volcano collapses into the magma chamber
that once fueled the volcano.



What two factors does a volcanos appearance depend upon?
What characteristics vary among volcanoes?
The type of material that forms the volcano and the type of eruptions that occur. Shape,
size and composition.
Complete the following table in your notes:
Type of Volcano Materials &
Description
Sketch Example
Shield
Broad gently sloping
sides and a nearly
circular base


Mauna Loa
Cinder-Cone
Forms when
material ejected
high in the air, falls
back to Earth and
piles up around the
vent


Izalco
Composite
(Stratovolcano)
Forms when layers
of volcanic
fragments alternate
with lava

Mount St. Helens
And Mount Rainier

Types of Volcanoes Guided Notes page 480
Do not write on this copy. Transfer the questions into your notebook in Cornell style and use your book to find the answers.

How do the volcanoes compare in terms of size and slope?
Shield volcanoes are the largest, and cinder-cone volcanoes are the smallest. Cinder-
cone volcanoes have the steepest slopes and shield volcanoes have the gentlest slopes.
Cinder-cone and composite volcanoes have a concave slope and shield volcanoes are
straight.
What factors cause differences in size and slope?
Different kinds of materials that make up each volcano, the vegetation that grows on
the volcanos slopes, local climate, and the eruptive history of the volcano.
What is tephra?
Rock fragments thrown into the air during a volcanic eruption.
What is a pyroclastic flow?
Rapidly moving volcanic material
Where are most volcanoes found?
At plate boundaries.
Use the maps provided to show: (1) the Circum Pacific Belt and the
Mediterranean Belt where convergent volcanism occur and (2) the
Hawaiian Emperor Volcanic Chain.
How do hotspots form?
When certain regions of Earths mantle gets unusually hot, it forms hot spots.
What do hotspots tell us about tectonic plates?
A trail of progressively older volcanoes forms as a plate moves over a hotspot.