October 22, 2014

BIOCHEMISTRY BOOTCAMP
Ch. 3 The Chemistry of Life
Learning Objectives: SWBAT- Understand basic chemistry that
occurs throughout the body as well as identify and describe the
important classes of biomolecules (proteins, lipids, carbohydrates,
and nucleic acids.) through taking notes and completing practice
problems.
Test Friday 10/24- Chapter 3 in textbook- The Chemistry of
Life
HW: Flashcards due Wed: Page 70 in textbook- Key terms
vocabulary words for chapter 3- 29 words
One Side= Word
Other Side= Definition, diagram, use in a sentence, example
Standards: Living Environment 5.1c-
In all organisms, organic compounds can
be used to assemble other molecules
such as proteins, DNA, starch, and fats.
The chemical energy stored in bonds can
be used as a source of energy for life
processes.
Do Now:
1. Describe the difference between
inorganic and organic compounds.
2. What are the most abundant elements
found in living things?
Do Now: Look at all the different foods
that are shown. Write down what you think
all of these substances have in common.
October 22, 2014
Mini Lesson:
Acids and Bases:
pH is measure of how acidic or basic a solution is. The pH of
living things must be stable/neutral (blood is about 7.4)
The most common elements in living things
are (in order)

C
H
N
O
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen
(CHON)
58 59 60 61 62 64 63 65 67 68 69 70 71
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
66
Dy
Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium
90 91 92 93 94 96 95 97 99 100 101 102 103
Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Es Fm Md No Lr
98
Cf
Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium
Ru
Ti
Rhenium
Ruthenium Rhodium
H
Li Be
Na Mg
K Ca
Rb Sr
Cs Ba
Fr Ra
Sc
Y
La
Ac
Zr
Hf
Rf
V
Nb
Ta
Db
Cr
Mo
W
Sg
Mn
Tc
Re
Bh
Fe
Os
Hs
Co
Rh
Ir
Mt
Ni
Pd
Pt
Cu
Ag
Au
Zn
Cd
Hg
Hydrogen
Lithium
Sodium
Potassium
Rubidium
Cesium
Beryllium
Magnesium
Calcium
Strontium
Barium
Radium
Scandium
Yttrium
Lanthanum
Actinium
Vanadium
Niobium
Tantalum
Dubnium
Chromium
Molybdenum
Tungsten
Manganese
Technetium
Iron Cobalt Copper Zinc
Palladium Silver Cadmium
Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury
Hassium Meitnerium
B
Al
Ga
In
Tl
C
Si
Ge
Sn
Pb
N
P
As
Sb
Bi
O F
Cl
Br
I
At
He
Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe
Rn
S
Se
Te
Po
Francium
Titanium
Rutherfordium
Zirconium
Hafnium
Seaborgium
Osmium
Bohrium
1
3 4
11 12
Nickel
19 20
37 38
55 56
87 88
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49
57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
89 104 105 106 107 108 109
5 6 7 8 9 10
13 14 15 16 17 18
31 32 33 34 35 36
50 51 52 53 54
81 82 83 84 85 86
2
Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Argon Chlorine Sulfur Phosphorus Silicon Aluminium
Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Helium
Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Organic compounds have carbon and
hydrogen
ex. C
6
H
12
O
6
is organic (glucose sugar)
but H
2
O and CO
2
are inorganic
October 22, 2014
Check for Understanding:
October 22, 2014
Carbon Compounds
Large, complex
biomolecules are
built from a few
smaller, simpler,
repeating units
arranged in an
extremely
precise way.
4 Types of Carbon Compouds-
Macromolecules
1. Carbohydrate
2. Lipid
3. Protein
4. Nucleic Acid
Carbohydrates are SUGARS and
STARCHES
All carbohydrates are made from simple
sugars (like glucose) and they supply
energy!
1 sugar compound = monosaccharide
2 sugars linked = disaccharide
1. Carbohydrates
October 22, 2014
Check for Understanding:
October 22, 2014
Lipids store energy and include fats, oils,
and waxes
They are made from fatty acids and
glycerol
Lipids act as a water barrier
> ex. the outside of cells, waxy plant
leaves
2. Lipids
Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids
Check for Understanding:
October 22, 2014
Proteins are made from amino acids
Proteins also make hormones, enzymes,
and many cells structures
amino acids are the building blocks of
proteins
3. Proteins
Amino Acids
Amino group (-NH2)
Carboxyl group (-COOH)
Side group
Amino acids link together by PEPTIDE BONDS
There are 21 different amino acids found in proteins
The SHAPE of the protein and how they
FIT together determines what the protein
can do.
SHAPE DETERMINES FUNCTION!!!!
There are 4 specific jobs of proteins:
1. Make enzymes
2. Make receptor molecules on the cell
membrane (that are used to receive
chemical messages- aka. hormones)
3. Make antibodies- to fight infections
4. Make hormones
October 22, 2014
Check for Understanding:
4. Nucleic Acids
DNA and RNA
Carries
hereditary
information
Made up of
Nucleotides
October 22, 2014
Exit Ticket: