Name_____________________________________________ Grade /20

Living Environment Redo Grade /20

Lab # _________
Properties of H2O Lab
Part 1- Adhesion/ Cohesion
Adhesion is the molecular attraction exerted between unlike
substances in contact
Cohesion is the molecular attraction exerted between molecules
that are the same such as water molecules
Capillar! Action is the phenomenon that li"uids will spontaneousl! rise a#ainst the
force of #ra$it! in narrow tubes or in porous materials%
&aterials'
(ater
Oil
)thanol
* #raduated
c!linders
ruler
stopwatch
scissors
* strips of paper
towel
Procedure
1% Pour 2+ ml of water into the #raduated c!linder% ,se the dropper to assist
!ou%
2% Pour 2+ ml of oil into the second #raduated c!linder%
*% Pour 2+ ml of ethanol into the third #raduated c!linder%
-% Cut * strips of paper towel% .2%+ cm x 2* cm/
+% Place the strips of paper towel into the #raduated c!linders% )nsure the tips
of the paper towel reach the tip of the li"uid% 0old the excess part of the
strip o$er the top part of the #raduated c!linder to pre$ent it from slippin#%
1% Obser$e for one minute%
2% 3emo$e the strips from the beakers% &easure and record how hi#h the li"uid
climbed up the strip%
4ata
5ubstance 4istance 6ra$eled
7uestions
1% List how far the substances tra$eled from most distance to least distance%
2% )xplain how cohesion 8 adhesion work to#ether to allow for water to tra$el up
a#ainst the force of #ra$it!%
*% ,sin# !our knowled#e of adhesion 8 cohesion explain wh! a meniscus will form in
a #raduated c!linder%
-% 9n what t!pe of or#anism is capillar! action especiall! important: )xplain%
Part 2- 4issol$in#
Polar compounds result when atoms are not shared
e"uall! #i$in# each side a sli#ht ne#ati$e or positi$e
char#e% Polar substance will onl! dissol$e other polar
substances
;on-polar compounds results when atoms are shared
e"uall! makin# the compound relati$el! neutral all o$er% ;on-polar substances will
onl! dissol$e other non-polar substances
5ol$ent is a substance that does the dissol$in#
5olute is a substance that #ets dissol$ed
5olution is a homo#eneous mixture composed of two or more substances% 9n such a
mixture a solute is dissol$ed in another substance known as a sol$ent%
&aterials
1 plastic cups
1 plastic spoons
water
oil
ethanol
<ranulated 5alt
<ranulated 5u#ar
Procedure
1% 0ill 2 plastic cups with 2+ ml of water
2% 0ill 2 plastic cups with 2+ ml of oil
*% 0ill 2 plastic cups with 2+ ml of ethanol
-% Put about half-teaspoon of salt into the water in one cup% 4o the same for the oil
cup 8 ethanol cup%
+% 3epeat step - usin# su#ar instead of salt%
1% 5tir each for about 2=- *= seconds%
2% 3ecord !our obser$ations on the data table%
4ata
Solvent Solutes
Salt Sugar
(ater
Oil
)thanol
7uestions
1% 5ummari>e what !ou found in this experiment based on !our recorded
obser$ations%
2% (h! do !ou think that some substances dissol$e easier in one t!pe of li"uid than in
another:
*% ?ased on !our obser$ations identif! if the substance is polar or nonpolar%
a% (ater-
b% Oil-
c% )thanol-
d% 5alt-
e% 5u#ar-
Part *- 5ink or 5wim
4ensit!- a ph!sical propert! that does not chan#e
based on si>e or amount of material%
9f a substance has a densit! less than water it will
@oat% 9f a substance has a densit! #reater than
water it will sink%
4ensit! A &ass/ Bolume
&aterials-
6on#s
9ce cubes .dA =%C12#/ml/
?eaker of water .dA 1%= #/ml/
?eaker of ethanol .dA =%2DC #/ml/
6riple ?eam ?alance
Procedure
1% ,sin# the triple beam balance determine the mass of an ice cube% 3ecord it
on the data table%
2% ,sin# the formula for densit! determine the $olume of the ice cube%
*% Obtain the mass of an empt! beaker% 3ecord the mass on the data table%
-% Obtain 2+= ml of water% Obtain the mass of the beaker plus the water%
3ecord on data table%
+% 4etermine the mass of Eust the water%
1% ,sin# the formula for densit! determine the densit! of water% 3ecord on the
data table%
2% 3epeat steps *-1 usin# ethanol%
D% ,sin# ton#s place an ice cube in each beaker% 3ecord !our obser$ations on
the data table%
4ata Calculatin# 4ensit!
5ubstance &ass .#/ Bolume
.ml/
4ensit!
.#/ml/
9ce Cube
Li"uid &ass of
)mpt!
?eaker .#/
&ass of
?eaker F
Li"uid .#/
&ass of
Li"uid .#/
Bolume
.ml/
4ensit!
.#/ml/
(ater
)thanol
Predict-
1% (ill the ice cube @oat in water: GGGGGGGGGGGGGG
2% (ill the ice cube @oat in ethanol: GGGGGGGGGGGGG
9ce 5ink or 0loat
5ubstance 5ink or 0loat
(ater
)thanol
7uestions
1% )xplain wh! the ice cube @oated diHerentl! in the beaker of water than it did in the
beaker of ethanol e$en thou#h the densit! of ice did not chan#e%
2% Assume the followin#' 9n the future ice became denser than water instead of bein#
less dense% (hat will be the impact of this chan#e: .6hink in terms of nature/
Part -- Can !ou take the heat:
Iou will measure the temperature of water and of oil o$er e"ual inter$als of time%
5peciJc Heat is the amount of heat re"uired to raise the temperature of a substance b!
one de#ree Celsius%
&aterials
1== ml of water
1== ml of oil
2 2+= ml @asks of beakers
2
thermometers
2 hot plates
Procedures
1% Obtain 1== ml of water and place into the @ask/beaker%
2% Obtain 1== ml of oil and place into the @ask/beaker%
*% 5et both beakers/@asks on the hot plates%
-% 6ake the initial temperature of both li"uids and record on the data table%
+% 6urn on the hot plate to the hi#hest settin#%
1% 3ecord the temperatures of the li"uids e$er! 2 minutes for 1- minutes% 3ecord on
!our data table%
2% 6urn of hot plates and let them cool%
4ata
6ime (ater 6emperature .
o
C/ Oil 6emperature .
o
C/
9nitial 6emperature
2 minutes
- minutes
1 minutes
D minutes
1= minutes
12 minutes
1- minutes
7uestions
1% (hich substance had a hi#her speciJc heat: .Hold more heat ener#!/
2% (ater has h!dro#en bondin#K oil does not% 4escribe the relationship between
h!dro#en bondin# and boilin# temperature%
*% Assume the followin#' Humans were made of mostl! oil instead of water% (hat
impact would that ha$e on li$in# thin#s:
Application 7uestions- How are each of the followin# biolo#ical phenomena related to
speciJc water properties !ou witnessed in this lab: 0or each of the followin# statements
;A&) the speciJc propert! of water bein# described .cohesion speciJc heat capillar!
action etc%/ and explain (HI this occurs usin# !our knowled#e of water 8 chemistr!%
,se !our notes workbook or the internet as a reference% 3emember to 6H9;L Jrst
O3<A;9M) !our thou#hts then (396) !our answer%
1% Hampton ?a!s .Lon# 9sland/ has milder winters than areas on the mainland%
Propert!A GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG
)xplanationA
2% (ater 5trider insects are able to NwalkO on water%
Propert!A GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG
)xplanationA
*% Oil spills in the ocean results in a NslickO of oil on the waterPs surface%
Propert!A GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG
)xplanationA
-% &an! plants ha$e a wax! coatin# .made of oils/ on their lea$es that help keep
moisture in and allow raindrops to roll ri#ht oH the top surface of the lea$es%
Propert!A GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG
)xplanationA
+% 6he most eHecti$e was to wash #reas! dishes is with water and soap%
Propert!A GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG
)xplanationA
1% (hen !ou are hot !our bod! sweats to cool !ou oH%
Propert!A GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG
)xplanationA
2% (hen !ou #o on $acation !ou put !our potted plants in a tra! of water% Iou make
sure the tips of the roots in the soil are below the water le$el so the plants can
uptake water from the tra!%
Propert!A GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG
)xplanationA