Energy in the Earth System Test Form B - Do not write on this test please!

Multiple Choice

Use the following graph for questions 1-5.

The graph below shows the changes in the potential (Ep) and kinetic (Ek) energy of a ball that has been
dropped off of a building. Study the graph and then answer the questions that follow.




1. Which of the following statements is true about the amount of energy the object has a point B?
a. the object has all potential energy and no kinetic energy
b. the object has all kinetic energy and no potential energy
c. the object has equal amounts of potential and kinetic energy
d. the object has no energy

2. At which point is the object most likely the closest to the ground?
a. Point A b. Point B c. Point C d. Point D

3. In the graph above, what is plotted on the x-axis?
a. energy b. potential energy c. kinetic energy d. time

4. In the graph above, what happens to potential energy over time?
a. it decreases b. it increases c. it stays the same

5. When time is zero (0), the object has only
a. potential energy (Ep) b. kinetic energy (Ek) c. no energy

6. Phosphorus cycles through
a. all of earths spheres c. all spheres except the biosphere
b. all spheres except the atmosphere d. all spheres except the hydrosphere

7. Which of the following statements is true about the spheres that make up the earth system?
a. they are all open systems c. some are closed and some are open systems
b. they are all closed systems d. its impossible to determine if they are open or closed


8. When a volcano erupts, what moves from the geosphere into the atmosphere?
a. only energy c. only matter
b. energy and matter d. neither energy or matter

9. Precipitation, evaporation and transpiration are all part of the _________________________ cycle.
a. nitrogen c. water
b. phosphorus d. carbon

10. Which of the following is considered a renewable resource?
a. wind c. petroleum
b. natural gas d. all of the above
e. only (a) and (c)

11. A ball held at 1 meter above a desktop has __________________________________ potential energy.
a. chemical c. stored mechanical
b. nuclear d. gravitational

12. Which of the following statements is true about a chemical reaction?
a. the atoms in the reactants should equal the atoms in the products
b. mass is conserved unless something is burned, and then mass is not conserved
c. an example of a chemical reaction is when something rusts
d. all of the above are true
e. only (a) and (c) are true

13. Which of the following are all examples of potential energy?
a. chemical, nuclear, stored mechanical
b gravitational, motion, radiant
c. radiant, sound, electrical
d. stored mechanical, gravitational, radiant


For questions 14-16, use the following equation:



14. In the chemical equation, the baking soda and acetic acid are the:
a. products b. reactants

15. Carbon dioxide has
a. 2 atoms of carbon and 2 atoms of oxygen
b. 2 atoms of carbon and 1 atom of oxygen
c. 1 atom of carbon and 2 atoms of oxygen
d. it is impossible to determine how many atoms there are

16. How many atoms of hydrogen are in the products?
a. 4 b. 1 c. 5 d. none of the above


17. Which of the following are all examples of kinetic energy?
a. chemical, nuclear, stored mechanical
b gravitational, motion, radiant
c. radiant, sound, electrical
d. stored mechanical, gravitational, radiant


18. Which of the following best describes the energy transformations that would occur when sunlight is
absorbed by a plant, which is then eaten by a drummer before she performs at a band concert?
a. nuclear gravitation sound motion
b. radiant chemical motion sound
c. stored mechanical motion nuclear motion
d. chemical radiant motion electrical


19. What can happen to energy as it passes through different parts of the earth system?
a. it can be destroyed c. it can be created
b. it can change forms d. all of the above


20. Which of the following steps is NOT part of the carbon cycle
a. fossil fuels c. respiration in plants and animals
b. photosynthesis d. denitrification by bacteria in the soil


21. Which of the following would move carbon from the geosphere to the atmosphere?
a. photosynthesis c. burning fossil fuels
b. respiration d. carbon being absorbed by ocean water
e. none of the above

22. An open system is one in which
a. matter and energy are exchanged with the surroundings
b. matter but not energy is exchanged with the surroundings
c. energy but not matter is exchanged with the surroundings
d. none of the above


23. Which of the following energy sources are considered fossil fuels?
a. coal b. geothermal c. hydropower d. all of the above e. only (a) and (b)


24. Which of the following processes would move phosphorus from the biosphere to the geosphere?
a. a plant dying and decaying c. a rock breaking down into soil
b. an animal eating a plant d. all of the above




For questions 25-29, use the following picture:




25. If friction is involved, the skater will
a. never stop because he will just keep creating energy
b. never stop because energy will never be destroyed
c. eventually stop because all of the energy will be converted to heat
d. any of the above options could happen depending on how fast hes going


26. The skater moving on the track is a good demonstration for:
a. the Earth System
b. the Law of Conservation of Mass
c. the Phosphorus Cycle
d. the Law of Conservation of Energy


27. Describe the energy the skater has at his current position.
a. He has potential energy but does not have kinetic energy.
b. He has kinetic energy but does not have potential energy.
c. He has no energy because he stops momentarily at the top of the ramp.
d. He has equal amounts of potential and kinetic energy.


28. As the skater moves down the ramp, the energy he has will be
a. converted into motion, sound, and thermal energy
b. destroyed and then created again when he goes up the other side
c. converted into radiant energy
d. none of the above


29. As the skater moves along the track
a. energy is created but never destroyed
b. energy is destroyed but never created
c. energy is not created or destroyed
d. energy is created and destroyed
30. Which of the following forms of energy would not be observed as the skater moves on the track?
a. gravitational
b. motion
c. sound
d. radiant

31. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Energy and matter can move through the geosphere, biosphere, and hydrosphere, but cannot
move through the atmosphere because it is made up of gases.
b. Most of the energy on earth can be traced back to Earths core.
c. If one part of the earth system loses energy, then another system has to gain it.
d. All of the above statements are true.
e. Only (b) and (c) are true.


32. Which pie chart displays the most accurate percentages of renewable and nonrenewable energy sources
used in the United States?
a. b.


c. d. None of the above


33. Earth as a whole is considered a(n): a. closed system b. open system


34. All living things on earth make up the
a. hydrosphere b. biosphere c. geosphere d. atmosphere


35. The mixture of gases that surrounds the earth is called the _____________________________.
a. hydrosphere b. biosphere c. geosphere d. atmosphere




Renewable
Nonrenewable
Renewable
Nonrenewable
Renewable
Nonrenewable
36. Carbon, in the form of CO2, moves from the atmosphere to the biosphere during the process of
a. decomposition c. precipitation
b. photosynthesis d. none of the above


37. Energy from organic matter like wood, crops, and animal waste is called:
a. nuclear energy b. hydropower c. biomass d. uranium e. none of the above


38. Which of the following forms of energy would cause evaporation of water from the ocean to occur?
a. chemical energy b. radiant energy c. sound energy d. gravitational energy


39. Ammonia (NH3) is part of the _____________________________ cycle.
a. water b. phosphorus c. carbon d. nitrogen


40. Which of the following forms of energy would NOT be involved when water moves through a dam?
a. gravitational energy c. nuclear energy
b. motion energy d. sound energy


41. Energy
a. can be created and destroyed c. cannot be created or destroyed
b. can be created but not destroyed d. can be destroyed but not created


42. Plants and animals cannot use the atmospheric form of this element, so it has to be fixed by bacteria.
a. carbon b. nitrogen c. phosphorus d. oxygen


43. Which of the following is an important energy source for the Earth system?
a. the sun c. heat from Earths core
b. oxygen in the atmosphere d. (a) and (c)


44. We can say that Earth is a system because it is made up of smaller systems that
a. are closed systems c. function independently of each other
b. were formed at the same time d. work together to make the Earth System function


45. What kind of energy does a banana have?
a. chemical energy c. motion energy
b. radiant energy d. thermal energy







Name: Date: Hour:

Short Answer Questions: Use the back if necessary to continue your answers if you run
out of room. You do NOT need to use complete sentences!

1. 2 part question!! a) Explain the difference between a renewable energy source and a nonrenewable
energy source, and provide two examples of each type. b) Why is it important for the United States to
conserve nonrenewable energy sources?







2. 3 part question!! When baking soda and vinegar are mixed together, a chemical reaction occurs.
Things you might observe during this reaction include a slight hissing sound, the creation of a gas, and
the movement of bubbles and fizz in your container. All of these observations indicate that energy is
present. a) What is the source of the energy for this reaction? b) Explain how the energy was released
(or what caused the energy to be released). And c) what type of energy was released (dont just say
potential or kinetic what specific type?)








3. 2 part question! Describe Kinetic Energy and provide one example (think about your flowchart!)






4. 2 part question! Describe Potential Energy and provide one example (think about your flowchart!)






5. 2 part question!! Look at the Coal Flow Diagram on the last page of the test. a) What is one energy
conversion that could take place between step 9 and step 10? Write your answer in the following format:
__________________________ energy could be converted into _____________________________ energy. b) Why is coal
considered a fossil fuel?




The following questions will assess of your understanding of the multisyllabic vocabulary strategy. Study the
Prefixes, Roots, and Suffixes in the table below, and then answer the questions that follow.

Prefixes Roots Suffixes
poly- many terr- earth (land) ic- having to do with
geo- Earth centro- center al- pertaining to, belonging to
helio- sun luna- moon ist- person who is doing something
sub- under, below micro- small ize- to cause to happen
retro- backward therm- heat oid- like, resembling

Directions: For each underlined word in the sentences below, write the meaning of the word as it is used in
that sentence. A list of prefixes, root words, and suffixes has been provided.

1. The satellite launched by NASA went into a heliocentric orbit.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. The rock granite is polymineralic.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Directions: Match the word with its definition. Use the table of prefixes, roots, and suffixes to help you.

__________ 1. Subterrestial

__________ 2. Geocentric

__________ 3. Photometrist

a. An instrument used to measure air pressure

b. Beneath Earths surface

c. The measurement equal to 1/1000
th
of a meter

d. A person who measures light energy

e. The study of very small organisms

f. Having to do with Earth as the center