Progresiile

Biaritmetice
Irina-Adriana Horhoianu
Clasa a X-a A
Liceul: Jean Monnet
1
I)Defnitie:
Se conidera progresia aritmetica de ratie si si . Succesiunea se numeste
progresie biaritmetica de ratii si .Din definitia de mai sus rezulta termenii progresiei
biaritmetice de ratii si si relatiile prin care sunt dedusi:
'
1
'
1
'
2
'
6
'
1
'
1
'
7
'
7 5 7 7
'
5
'
1
'
1
'
6
'
6 6 6
'

'
1
'
1
'

'
5 ! 5 5
'
!
'
1
'
1
'

'
2
'
1
'
1
'
1
'
!
'
! 1 ! !
1 1 2
1 1
) 2 "
2
) 2 )" 1 "
) 1 "
2
) 2 " ) 1 "
5
2
6 5
6 15 6 15
2
6 5

2
5
5 1# 5 1#
2
5
!
2
!
6 6
2
!
2
2
! 2
! ! ! !
2
! 2
2
2 1
2 2
2
2 1
r n r b
r
n n
n r b r
n n
x y x b
r r b r r b r r b r x r x y x b
r r b r r b r r b r x r x y x b
r r b r r b r r b r x r x y x b
r r b r r b r r b r x r x y x b
r r b r r b r r b r x r x y x b
r b r x b
x b
n
n n n n
+ + =
=

+ + =

+ = + =
+ + =

+ + = + + = + =

+ = + =
+ + =

+ + = + + = + =

+ = + =
+ + =

+ + = + + = + =

+ = + =
+ + =

+ + = + + = + =

+ = + =
+ + =

+ + = + + = + =

+ = + =
+ = + =
=

II) $ermenul general al unei progresii

biaritmetica
Din cele deduse mai sus rezulta ca termenul general al progresiei mentionate
este:
'
1
2
) 2 )" 1 "
) 1 " r
n n
n r b b
n

+ + =
III) Suma termenilor unei progresii
biaritmetice
%ie
n
x x x
2 1
&
o progresie biaritmetica cu ratiile r ri
'
r
2

' ! 2
1 '
2
1
' 2 2
1
' 2 2
1
'
2
2
1
' ' ' 2
1
!
' 2
1
'
!
1
'
1
2 1
'
1
'
1 5
'
1
'
1 !
1 2
1 1
6
) 2 )" 1 "
) ! "
6
) 6 2 "
12
12
) 12 ' ' 1 ! 2 "
2
2
2
) 1 "
2
!
6
) 1 2 )" 1 "
2
1
) 2 ! "
2
1
2
) 1 "
2
) 2 )" 1 "
2
) 1 )" 1 1 "
2
) 2 )" 1 "
1# 6 ! 1 " )) 1 " ! 2 1 "
2
) 2 )" 1 "
) 1 "
5
! !
2
r C r C nx r
n n n
r C nx
r n n
n
r C nx r n n
n
r C nx
r
n n n n
r C nx
r
n
r
n n
r
n n n
r C nx
r k k r
n n
nb
r
k k
r
n n
nx
r
n n
n r nx
x x x S
r
n n
r n x x
r r x x
r r x x
r r x x
r x x
x x
n n n
n n
n
n
n
k
n
k
n n
n
+ + + =

+ + =
= + + + = + + + =
=
+ + +
+ + =
= +
+

+
+ + =
= + +

+ =
=

+
+
+ =
=

+ + + + + + + + + + + =
= + + + =

+ + =
+ + =
+ + =
+ + =
+ =
=

=
=

I()Aplicatii

1).Sumele
k
S
,
n k S
k
& 1 & =
, ale primilor k termeni ai unei progresii
aritmetice cu
n
termeni, formeaza o progresie biaritmetica.

%ie
n
a a a a & & & &
! 2 1

cu ratria
r
&
&
1 2
r a a + =
si
( ) r n a a
n
1
1
+ =


( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( ) r n r a s a a a a S
r r a S a a a a a S
r r a S a a a a S
r r a S a a a S
r a S a a S
a S
k n k
2
!
2
1 1 ! 2 1
1 5 ! 2 1 5
1 ! ! 2 1
1 2 ! 2 1 !
1 1 2 1 2
1 1
+ + + = + + + + =
+ + + = + + + + =
+ + + = + + + =
+ + + = + + =
+ + = + =
=

daca ( ) R r a = +
1
si
r R =
'

!

( )
'
1
'
5
'
!
'
2 !
1 2
1 1
1
!
2
R n R S S
R R S S
R R S S
R R S S
R S S
S S
k k
+ + =
+ + =
+ + =
+ + =
+ =
=

k
S S S S S S & & & & & & :
5 ! 2 1

cu R si
'
R
ratiile progresiei biaritmetice

EXEMPLU:
%ie
2 & !7 & !2 & 27 & 22 & 17 & 12 & 7 & 2
cu termenul general
2
1
= a
si ratia 5 = r

( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) 1') !5 7 156 7
156 !# 7 11' 6
11' 25 7 )7 5
)7 2# 7 6#
6# 15 7 !) !
!) 1# 7 21 2
21 5 7 '
' 7 2
2
1 ) '
1 7 )
1 6 7
1 5 6
1 5
1 !
1 2 !
1 1 2
1 1
= + + = + + + =
= + + = + + + =
= + + = + + + =
= + + = + + + =
= + + = + + + =
= + + + = + + + =
= + + = + + + =
= + = + + =
= =
r r a S S
r r a S S
r r a S S
r r a S S
r r a S S
r r a S S
r r a S S
r a S S
a S

1') & 156 & 11' & )7 & 6# & !) & 21 & ' & 2 :
unde
& 5
'
= R
si 7 = R
2. Patratele termenilor unei progresii aritmetice formeaza o progresie
biaritmetica

%ie
n
a a a a & & & &
! 2 1

cu ratia r si
r a a
k k
+ =
1

( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( ) ( ) 2 2 2
2 2 ) 2 " 2
2 ) "
2
2 2 2
2 2
2 2
2 ) "
2 2
1
2
1
2 2 2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2 2
1
2
2 2
1
2
!
2
1
2
!
2
!
2
!
2
!
2

2 2
1
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
!
1
2 2
1
2
1
2
2
2
1
2
1
+ + + =
= + + + = + + + =
= + + = + =
+ + + =
+ + + = + + = + =
+ + + =
+ + + = + + = + =
+ + = + =
=

n r r r a a
r r nr r a a r r r n a a
r r a a r a a
r r r a a
r r r a a r r a a r a a
r r r a a
r r r a a r r a a r a a
r a r a r a a
a a
n
n n
n n n n

daca ( ) R r a = +
1
2 si
' 2
2 R r =

( )
' 2
1
2
' 2
!
2

' 2
2
2
!
2
1
2
2
2
1
2
1
2
2
R n R a a
R R a a
R R a a
R a a
a a
n n
+ + =
+ + =
+ + =
+ =
=

2 & & & & :
2
!
2
2
2
1 n
a a a a
cu ratiile ( )& 2
2
1
r r a R + = si
2 '
2r R =
EXEMPLU:
%ie
5 & & ! & 2
o progresie aritmetica cu ratia 1 = r si cu
1
1
= a

( )
( )
( ) 16 ! ' 2
' 2 ! 2 2
) 2 1 " 1 2
1
2
1
2 2
!
2

2
1
2 2
2
2
!
1
2 2
1
2
2
2
1
2
1
= + + = + + + =
= + + = + + + =
= + + = + + =
= =
r r a r a a
r r a r a a
r a r a a
a a

16 & ' & & 1 :
cu ratiile ( ) ! 2
1
2
= + = r a r R si
2 2
2 '
= = r R
5
3.Produsele termenilor de acelasi rang a doua progresii aritmetice cu
acelasi numar de termeni formeaza progresie biaritmetica.

%ie
n
a a a a & & &
! 2 1

de ratie
1
r
si
n
b b b b & & & &
! 2 1

de ratie
2
r


( )
( )
2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1
2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1
1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1
2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1
2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 2
2 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 !
2 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2
1 1 1
2 1 & 2 1 & 2 1 & 2 1 1 ! 2 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ! 2 *
2 ) 2 " ) 2 "
2 ) 2 " ) 2 "
) " ) "
) )" "
2 ) " 2 ) 2 "
) " ) " ) )" "
) " ) " ) )" "
1 & ! 2 & & & & &
1 & & ! & 2 & & & & &
r r n r r a r b r S
r r n r r a r b r b a
r a r r b r b a
r r r b r a b a r b r a S
r r r r a r b r S r r r r a r b r b a
r r b r r a b a r r r b r a b a r b r a S
r r a r b r S r r a r b r b a r b r a S
b a S
r n b r b r b r b b b b b b
r n a r a r a r a a a a a a
n
n n
n n n n
n n n n n n n
n
n
+ + + + =
= + + + +
= + + + + =
= + + + = + + =
+ + + + = + + + + =
= + + + + = + + + = + + =
+ + + = + + + = + + =
=
+ + + + =
+ + + + =

daca
R r r a r b r = + + ) "
2 1 1 2 1 1
si
'
2 1
2 R r r =

'
1
'
2 !
1 2
1 1 1
) 2 " R n R S S
R R S S
R S S
b a S
n n
+ + =
+ + =
+ =
=

n
S S S S & & & :
! 2 1

cu ratiile
) "
2 2 2 1 1 1
b r r r b r R + + =
si 2 1
'
2 r r R =
EXEMPLU:
%ie
6 & 5 & & !
de ratie
1
1
= r
si
!
1
= a
+

' & 7 & 5 & !
de ratie
2
2
= r
si
1
2
= b

) ) ' !1 ) "
!1 ' 1) 2 ) "
1) ' ' ) 2 6 1 " ' ) "
' ! !
2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 !
2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 !
2 1 1 2 1 1 1 2
1 1 1
= + + = + + + + =
= + + = + + + + =
= + = + + + = + + + =
= = =
r r r r a r b r S S
r r r r a r b r S S
r r a r b r S S
b a S

! 2 1
& & & : S S S S
cu ratiile ' ) "
2 1 1 2 1 1
= + + = r r a r b r R si 2
2 1
'
= = r r R
4.Sumele termenilor de acelasi rang a doua progresii biaritmetice cu
acelasi numar de termeni formeaza o progresie biaritmetica.
%ie
'
1 1 1
'
1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1
) 2 " & & & & : & & & : r n r a r r a r a a a a a
n n
+ + + + + =


cu ratiile
1
r
si
'
1
r
6

'
2 2 1
'
2 2 2 2 1 1 2 1
) 2 " & & & & & & & : r n r b r r b r b b b b b
n n
+ + + + + =


cu ratiile
2
r
si
'
2
r

) "
2
) 1 )" 2 "
) )" 1 " )
) )" 2 " ) "
) " ) " 2 ) " ) "
) "
'
2
'
1 2 1 1 1
'
2
'
1 2 1 1 1
'
2
'
1 2 1 1 1
'
2
'
1 2 1 2 2 !
2 1 1 1 2
1 1 1
r r
n n
r r n b a
r r n r r b a S
r r r r b a r r r r b a S
r r b a S
b a S
n n n
+

+ + + + = =
= + + + + + =
+ + + + + = + + + + + =
+ + + =
+ =

daca
) "
2 1
r r R + =
si ) "
'
2
'
1
'
r r R + =

'
1 1
'
1 1 !
1 1 2
1 1 1
2
) 1 )" 2 "
) 1 "
, 2
R
n n
R n b a S
R R b a S
R b a S
b a S
n

+ + + =
+ + + =
+ + =
+ =

n
S S S S & & & & :
! 2 1

cu ratiile ) "
2 1
r r R + = si ) "
'
2
'
1
'
r r R + =
5.Diferentele termenilor de acelasi rang a doua progresii biaritmetice cu
acelasi numar de termeni formeaza o progresie biaritmetica.
%ie
'
1 1 1
'
1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1
) 2 " & & & & : & & & : r n r a r r a r a a a a a
n n
+ + + + + =


cu ratiile
1
r
si
'
1
r

'
2 2 1
'
2 2 2 2 1 1 2 1
) 2 " & & & & & & & : r n r b r r b r b b b b b
n n
+ + + + + =


cu ratiile
2
r
si
'
2
r

) "
2
) 1 )" 2 "
) )" 1 "
) )" 2 " ) "
) " ) " 2 ) " ) "
) "
'
2
'
1 2 1 1 1
'
2
'
1 2 1 1 1
'
2
'
1 2 1 1 1
'
2
'
1 2 1 2 2 !
2 1 1 1 2
1 1 1
r r
n n
r r n b a
r r n r r b a D
r r r r b a r r r r b a D
r r b a D
b a D
n n n

+ + =
= + + =
+ + = + + =
+ =
=

daca
) "
2 1
r r R + =
si ) "
'
2
'
1
'
r r R + =

'
1 1
'
1 1 !
1 1 2
1 1 1
2
) 1 )" 2 "
) 1 "
2
R
n n
R n b a D
R R b a D
R b a D
b a D
n

+ + =
+ + =
+ =
=

7

n
D D D D & & & & :
! 2 1

cu ratiile ) "
2 1
r r R + = si ) "
'
2
'
1
'
r r R + =
6.Daca
n
b b b & & & :
2 1

este o progreseie biaritmetica , atunci
k k
b b
+1
,
1 & 1 = n k
sunt termenii unei progresii aritmetice.


'
1
'
1 1
'
!
'
! !
'
2
'
2 2 !
1 1 1 2
) 2 " ) 2 " 1
2 2 !
2
1
r n r b r n r b b b n k
r r b r r b b b k
r r b r r b b b k
r b r b b b k
n n n n
+ = + + = =
+ = + + = =
+ = + + = =
= + = =

daca
R r =
'

R n r b b n k
R r b b k
R r b b k
r b b k
n n
) 2 " 1
2 !
2
1
1
!
2 !
1 2
+ = =
+ = =
+ = =
= =

1 2 ! 1 2
& & &


n n
b b b b b b
cu ratia
'
r R =
INDEX
)
I. D-%I.I$I-
II. $-/0-.12 3-.-/42 42 1.-I 5/63/-SII 7I4/I$0-$I8-
III.S104 $-/0-.I26/ 1.-I 5/63/-SII 7I4/I$0-$I8-
I(.452I84$II
1.Sumele termenilor unei progresii aritmetice formeaza o progresie biaritmetica
2.5atratelel termenilor unei progresii aritmetice formeaza o progresie biaritmetica
!.5rodusele termenilor de acelasi rang a doua progresii aritmetice cu acelasi numar de termeni
formeaza o progresie biaritmetica
.Sumele termenilor de acelasi rang a doua progresii biaritmetice cu acelasi numar de termeni
formeaza o progresie biaritmetica
5. Diferentele termenilor de acelasi rang a doua progresii biaritmetice cu acelasi numar de
termeni
formeaza o progresie biaritmetica
6. %ie o progresie biaritmetica & atunci diferentele intre termenii consecuti9i formeaza o
progresie
aritmetica
BIBLIOGRAFIE
Articolul Progresii biaritmetice de Traian Mada -Timisoara
'