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Table 1.

Comparison of Options for Vascular Access


Method Duration of Use Advantages Disadvantages
Peripheral intravenous
(IV) access
Short term Ease of insertion
Low cost
Minimal
complications
Easily occluded
Potential for local tissue
injury
Use limited to certain
antibiotics or medications
Peripherally inserted
central catheter (PICC)
Short-to-
intermediate term
Ease of insertion
(bedside)
Can be used with
variety of medications
Relatively safe and
inexpensive
Potential for occlusion
Can be difficult to position
in central vein
Percutaneous polyethylene
catheter
Long term Relatively safe and
inexpensive
Percutaneous insertion
Safe with most
medications
Risk of infection
May require insertion in
operating room (may require
anesthesia)
Silicone central venous
catheter (eg, Hickman,
Broviac)
Long term Less thrombogenic
Decreased infection
rate
Safe with most
medications
Increased cost
Requires surgical insertion
Implantable vascular-
access device (ports)
Long or permanent Low visibility,
improved body image
Lowest rate of
infection
Increased cost
Requires surgical insertion
Intraosseous Emergency access Rapidly and easily
inserted
Low complication rate
Safe with resuscitation
medications
Not for long-term use
Potential for osteomyelitis
Venous cutdown Emergency access;
possibly long term
Direct exposure to
vein
Increased rate of
dislodgement and infection
Requires incision

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