Learntraining - Angol Nyelvtan PDF

Angol
nyelvtan
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O L O Z p Q B I H U J I X H U J
Szerz:
ENGI KATALIN
Lektor:
BZA J UDIT
Minden jog fenntartva, belertve a sokszorostst, a m bvtett,
illetve rvidtett vltozata kiadsnak jogt is. A kiad rsbeli
engedlye nlkl sem a teljes m, sem annak rsze semmilyen
formban nem sokszorosthat.
Kiadi kd: MX-234
ISBN 978 963 962 430 6
Compact Verlag, Mnchen
Maxim Kiad, Szeged
Tartalomjegyzk
Elsz.................................................................................................. 7
Jelmagyarzat .....................................................................................8
1. Articles (definite, indefinite, zero) - Nvelk...............................9
2. Nouns (singular and plural, countable and uncountable) -
Fnevek......................................................................................... 23
3. Adjectives (regular and irregular forms, comparisons) -
Mellknevek .................................................................................33
4. Adverbs (of place, time and manner) - Hatrozk.................... 47
5. Prepositions (of time and place; after verbs and adjectives) -
Elljrszk ..................................................................................61
6. Pronouns (personal, object, possessive; one, some and any) -
Nvmsok.....................................................................................79
7. Gerund, Infinitive and Participle ................................................. 95
8. Auxiliaries and Modal verbs - Segdigk .............................113
9. Tenses - Igeidk..........................................................................133
Present Simple - Egyszer jelen id......................................133
Present Continuous - Folyamatos jelen id............................139
Past Simple - Egyszer mlt id ...........................................147
5
Tartalomjegyzk
Past Continuous - Folyamatos mlt id............................... 149
Present Perfect - Befejezett jelen id ....................................153
Expressing the future (will and going to) - Jv id
kifejezse................................................................................162
10. Passive Voice - Szenved szerkezet...........................................167
11. Asking questions, tag-questions - Krdsfeltevs,
utkrds ...................................................................................181
12. Conditionals - Feltteles md ..................................................193
13. Clauses (time-clause, defining relative clause) -
Mellkmondatok ....................................................................... 203
14. Reported speech - Fgg beszd .............................................215
15. Conjunctions and linkers - Ktszk, a szveg
kapcsolelemei .......................................................................... 223
16. Word formation - Szkpzs.................................................... 233
Final Test - Zr teszt ...................................................................... 245
Key - Megoldkulcs......................................................................... 259
6
Elsz
Az idegennyelv-tuds egyik alapja a nyelvtani ismeretek elsajttsa.
A nyelvtani rendszer megrtshez, rgztshez s magabiztos hasz
nlathoz sok gyakorlsra van szksg. Ehhez kvn segtsget nyjtani
ez a kiadvny, melyben az angol nyelvtan gyakorlsra helyeztk a
hangslyt.
A ktet alapveten az nll tanulst s gyakorlst kvnja segteni oly
mdon, hogy egy-egy nyelvtani jelensg gyakoroltatsa eltt anya
nyelven ttekinti s pldkkal illusztrlja annak mkdst gy, mintha
egy magntanrtl kapna a dik magyarzatokat, majd amikor az
elmlet mr rthet, kvetkezhet az elmlyts. A knyv knnyen
befogadhatv teszi a nehezebb nyelvtani jelensgeket is, mivel
egyszerre csak kisebb egysgeket trgyal. A gyakorlfeladatok
fokozatosan nehezednek, gy a fejezetek msodik rszben mr olyan
feladatokat is adunk, melyek komplexebb ismereteket krnek szmon.
A knyv vgn tallhat sszefoglal teszttel pedig brki lemrheti
tudst, kpet kaphat arrl, hogy mely terleteken ers s mely
terleteken kell mg fejldnie.
Szndkunk az volt, hogy a kzpszint rettsgire kszl dikoknak
adjunk segtsget, ezrt elssorban a kzpszinten (teht az A2 - B1
szinten) elvrhat ismereteket trgyaljuk. Az rettsgizk mellett
azonban j szvvel ajnljuk minden nyelvtanulnak, kezdnek s a B1
szinten tl jr haladnak, hiszen mindenki megtallhatja a szintjnek
megfelel feladatokat, vagy felfrisstheti korbbi ismereteit. A gya
korlatokat tmakrnknt csoportostottuk, gy tve lehetv azon
nyelvtani egysgek gyakorlst, ahol az ismeretek elmlytse szksges.
A gyakorlknyv tartalmazza az egyes feladatok megoldst is, mely
ugyancsak az nll tanulst segti.
Bzva abban, hogy ktetnket haszonnal forgatja, j munkt kvnunk!
A Szerz s a Kiad
1
Jelmagyarzat
A knyvben a kvetkez jellsekkel tallkozhat:
Q Minden fejezetben megtallja az adott nyelvtani vagy szkincs
beli problma rvid magyarzatt.
@Az adott jelensg knnyen rthet pldkon keresztl jelenik
meg.
Q a kivtelekre, a nehzsgekre vagy rendhagy alakra hvja fel a
figyelmet, s tanuls-mdszertani tleteket ad.
A nehezebb feladatokra hvja fel a figyelmet.
8
Articles - Nvelk
1. Articles - Nvelk
Q Csakgy mint a magyar nyelvben, az angolban is megkln
bztetnk hatrozott s hatrozatlan nvelt.
Hatrozott nvel: the (a/az)
Hatrozatlan nvel: a/an (egy)
mssalhangzval kezdd sz eltt: a
a boy
a footballer
magnhangzval kezdd sz eltt: an
an eye
an apple
Annak eldntsben, hogy a vagy an nvelt hasznlunk, a kiejts s
nem a sz rott alakja szmt.
an hour ( a h-t nem ejtjk)
a uniform (az els bet kiejtse: ju)
1
Hasznlja a hatrozatlan (a - an) nvel megfelel alakjt!
Use the right form of the indefinite (a - an) article.
museum
hospital
question
French window
university
airport
bridge
ca':
umbrella
article
old car
table
holiday
knife
yellow cab
Indian restaurant
9
Articles - Nvelk
A hatrozatlan nvel hasznlata
1. ha ltalnossgban beszlnk egy dologrl, nem egy meg
hatrozott dologra gondolunk
Q There's a red pencil in your hand. - Piros ceruza van a kezedben.
Mary works in a bank. - Mari egy bankban dolgozik.
2. leggyakrabban egy ember foglalkozst, rangjt, jellemvonst
jell fnv eltt
Q I'm a student. - Dik vagyok.
You're a genius. - Te zseni vagy.
Q Csak megszmllhat fnevek eltt llhat. Ha egy megszmllhat
fnv egyes szmban van s nem hatrozott, a hatrozatlan
nvelt ki kell tenni.
Q When i was a child, we lived in Budapest. - Gyerekkoromban Buda
pesten ltnk.
3. mrtkegysgek neve eltt (a one szmnv helyett)
B a kilo of bread - egy kil kenyr
an hour - egy ra
a thousand times - ezerszer
a couple - egy pr
Igen gyakori az albbi tpus kifejezsekben:
once a week - hetente egyszer
2 months a year - vente 2 hnap
50 p a kilo - 50 penny kilja
fifty kilometres an hour - rnknt 50 km
These pineapples are 2 pounds a piece. - Ennek az anansznak 2 font
darabja.
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Articles - Nvelk
Figyelje meg az albbi kifejezseket:
half a year - fl v
half a kilo - fl kil
halfa dozen - fl tucat
Q one and a half years - msfl v
two and a half kilos - kt s fl kil
4. tkezsek neve eltt nem hasznljuk
Q have breakfast/lunch/dinner - reggelizni/ebdelni/vacsorzni
What's for lunch today? - Mi van ma ebdre?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10
11
12
13
14
Egsztse ki a mondatokat a megfelel hatrozatlan
nvelvel (a/an - 0), ahol szksges!
Fill in he gaps with the right form of the indefinite article
(a/an - 0), where necessary.
This is............. picture of me.
My younger brother has got............. red hair.
Her husband is............. electrical engineer.
Suzanne was............. very thin girl when she was young.
I never watch............. football matches on TV.
I usually have............. shower in the morning.
More than............. thousand students go to that secondary school.
They often have.............dinner in................restaurant.
My grandparents don't live here. I can only see them once......month.
Don would like to get............. Manchester United football shirt.
Are..............yellow roses your favourite flowers?
How often do you play............. tennis?
My brother is going to have............. party on Saturday.
She is..........ideal babysitter. She loves playing with...........children.
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Articles - Nvelk
15.Jean is studying............. photography because she wants to be
............. photographer.
16.1like to see the dentist twice............. year.
17. Matthew is........... sick. He's been bitten by...............spider.
18.1bought him..........pair of black shoes to wear it at the reception.
19. You are............. idiot!
20. Mary left............half................ hour ago.
A hatrozott nvel hasznlata
1. a mr emltett, mindenki szmra egyrtelm dolgok jellsre
Q There is a car in front of the school. - Van egy aut az iskola eltt.
There are two men in the car. - Kt frfi van az autban.
2. olyan trgyak jellsre, amelyekbl egy van vagy egyrtelm, hogy
melyikre gondolunk
Q The Moon goes around the Earth. - A Hold kering a Fld krl.
The children are playing in the garden. - A gyerekek a kertben
jtszanak.
I'm going to the shop. Do you need anything? - Megyek a boltba.
Krsz valamit?
Q space - r
The first living creature in space was a dog. - Az els llny az
rben egy kutya volt.
3. sorszmnevek eltt (hisz ezek hatrozott teszik a fnevet)
G A/e/7Armstrong was the first man on the Moon. - N. A. volt az els
ember a Holdon.
4. felsfok mellknevek eltt (ezek is egyrtelmv teszik, kire
gondolunk)
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Articles - Nvelk
Q She is the most beautiful girl in the class. - a legszebb lny az
osztlyban.
5. hangszerek neve eltt a play igvel alkotott kifejezsekben
Q Little Johnny is learning to play the piano. - A kis Johnny
zongorzni tanul.
6. emberek csoportjt jell fnevek eltt
Q The Beatles were from Liverpool. - A Beatles egyttes Liverpoolbl
szrmazott.
7. emberek csoportjt jell mellknevek eltt
Q The Italians love singing. - Az olaszok szeretnek nekelni.
We must help the old. (=old people) - Segtennk kell az idseket.
3
Hatrozott (the) vagy hatrozatlan (a/an) nvel hinyzik az
res helyekrl?
Fill in the gaps with the right article: definite (the) or
indefinite (alan).
1. Mary is............. hairdresser.
2. There's.............envelope in my bag.
3. Look! There's..............bird on...............roof. Can you see it?
4. Is there..............cellar in your house?
5. My neighbour's son can play............. drums.
6. I usually wear jeans and............. T-shirt.
7. Elvis Presley is............. King of Rock and Roll.
8. I have never seen..............alligator.
9. Would you like............. glass of orange juice?
10. Brian is........... tallest in the family.
11 .They live on........... second floor.
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Articles - Nvelk
12. My sister hasn't found............. job yet.
13. Do you see...........big guy with my sister over there? He's her new
boyfriend.
14. Please turn off............. television before you go to bed.
15...............First World War started in 1914.
16. There are dark clouds in...........sky. It's going to rain soon.
17. Bournemouth is..........seaside resort in...............south of England.
18. I've got............. appointment at...............dentist's at 6.30.
19. Have you got change for............. pound?
20. Do you go home at............. same time every day?
A hatrozott nvel hasznlata fldrajzi nevek eltt
1. folyk, tengerek, cenok neve eltt
Q the Danube - Duna
the Black Sea - Fekete-tenger
the Atlantic Ocean - Atlanti-cen
2. tbb szbl ll vagy birtokos szerkezetet tartalmaz orszgnevek
s egyb fldrajzi nevek eltt
s the United States of America - Amerikai Egyeslt llamok
the Czech Republic - Cseh Kztrsasg
the Great Wall of China - Knai Nagy Fal
O Great Britain
3. tbbes szmban ll tulajdonnevek eltt
Q the Netherlands - Hollandia
the Alps - Alpok
14
0
4. vendgltipari egysgek (szlloda, tterem, srz) s kulturlis
intzmnyek (mozi, sznhz, mzeum) teljes neve eltt, kivve ha
a nv szemlynevet tartalmaz
Q the Grand Hotel
the Golden Lion (restaurant)
the Tate Modern (art gallery)
Q Luigi's Bar
A hatrozott nvel rendhagy hasznlata
Q the High Street - F utca
the Hague - Hga
A fentebb emltett eseteket kivve fldrajzi nevek, illetve intzmny-
nevek el nem kell kitenni a hatrozott nvelt.
Q tavak: Lake Michigan
vrosok, orszgok: Glasgow
Italy
utck, terek, parkok, hidak: Downing Street
Leicester Square
Regent's Park
Golden Gate Bridge
kastlyok, templomok: Buckingham Palace
Westminster Abbey
vastllomsok, replterek: Paddington Station
Heathrow Airport
15
Articles - Nvelk
4
Egsztse ki a mondatokat a megadott tulajdonnevekkel!
Hasznlja a hatrozott nvelt, ahol szksges!
Complete the sentences with a proper name from the list.
Use the definite article where necessary.
National Museum High Street Central Park
Amazon Heathrow Airport Big Ben
United Kingdom Pacific Ocean Channel Islands
Statue of Liberty
1. The biggest airport in the world is................................in London.
2. In many towns the main street is usually called..............................
3...........................................consists of England, Scotland, Wales and
Northern Ireland.
4. The famous clock in the Clock Tower of the Houses of Parliament is
called.................................................
5. The longest river in South America is.................................. ...........
6................................................... lie between the south coast of
England and the north of France.
7. We have seen a very exciting exhibition of French Impressionist
paintings in................................................
8. For the immigrants to America, the sight of..................................
meant that they arrived in the land of their dreams.
9. The huge park in the middle of New York is called.........................
10. Hawaii, the 50th state of the United States lies in..........................
O A radio s a cinema szavak eltt mindig hatrozott nvel ll
(kivve, ha az pletre gondolunk).
A television sz eltt csak akkor ll nvel, ha a kszlkre utalunk.
16
Articles - Nvelk
Q / very rarely listen to the radio in the afternoon. - Dlutn ritkn
hallgatok rdit.
I don't like going to the cinema on my own. - Nem szeretek
egyedl moziba menni.
There is a cinema on the corner of our street. - Van egy mozi az
utcnk sarkn.
How often do you watch television? - Milyen gyakran nzel tvt?
Don't forget to switch off the television before going to bed. - Ne
felejtsd el kikapcsolni a tvt lefekvs eltt!
5
Hasznlja a megfelel nvelt! Ha nem szksges nvel,
hzza ki a helyt!
Use the appropriate article where necessary. If you don't
need one, draw a line (-).
1. I took my dog for.............walk in............... park.
2. I'd like to become.............chef in...............elegant restaurant.
3. "Would you like to come to............. cinema with me?" "OK, let's
go to............. Odeon."
4. They love............. winter sports. Every winter they go skiing in
............. Alps.
5. Do you like.............American football?
6. Would you like.............dripk?
7. When I arrived at.............concert, ............... band was playing
............. first song.
8. Paul is............. Englishman.
9. I f............. weather is nice tomorrow, we'll go to...............beach.
10. Once........... year we go to...............very nice hotel for...............
wellness weekend.
11. Do you live in........... town or in...............country?
12.1 enjoy helping............people.
17
Articles - Nvelk
13...............Trafalgar Square is............... London's most important
public place.
14. Barbara is............. optimist.
15. In..........Great Britain...........sausages are known as...........bangers.
16. Our holiday was............. disaster.
17. What do you usually have for............. breakfast?
18. It's..............secret. Please don't tell it to anyone.
19 ............. Beatles have .............. song about .............. street in
Liverpool called............. Penny Lane.
20 ............ first president of...............USA was George Washington.
21 ............ orange juice is good for you.
22. Have..............look at the view. Don't you want to take...............
photographs?
23. Why did you paint............. front door of your house red? Didn't
you have............. brown paint?
24. In Hungary more and more people learn how to play............. golf.
25. What is............. first thing you do in...............morning?
Q Nvelhasznlat a bed, court, church, home, hospital, prison,
school, university s work szavak eltt
Amikor ezeket a dolgokat rendeltetsszeren hasznljuk, teht
arra, amire elsdlegesen szolglnak, nem hasznlunk elttk
nvelt.
Q When do you go to bed? - Mikor szoktl lefekdni? (az gy az
ember pihensre szolgl)
/Ve never been in hospital. - Mg soha nem fekdtem krhzban.
(betegknt)
Tina wants to study Mathematics at university. - Tina matematikt
akar tanulni az egyetemen.
18
Articles - Nvelk
Q Why do you let the cat go on the bed? - Mirt engeded meg a
macsknak, hogy fel menjen az gyra?
I went to the hospital to visit my grandma. - Elmentem megltogatni
a.nagymammat a krhzban, (nem n vagyok a beteg)
Tina went to the university to talk to her professor. - Tina bement
az egyetemre, hogy beszljen a tanrval, (az pletbe ment)
6
Hasznlja a megfelel nvelt! Ha nem szksges nvel,
hzza ki a helyt!
Use the appropriate article where necessary. If you don't
1. If you don't go to.............bed in time, you won't be able to get
up in............ morning.
2. Do you go to..........school by...........bus or by.......... bicycle?
3. Several people got injured in.............accident. They were taken
to............. hospital right away.
4. Do you take your grandchildren to............. church every Sunday?
5. Jane isn't in.............building any more. She left one and...............
half hours ago.
6. William goes to ............. prison twice .............. week to teach
............. prisoners English and History.
7. How long did you have to stay in.............hospital after..............
operation?
8. If you go to Brighton in July, you can swim in............. sea and you
can get........... nice suntan.
9.................Russian astronaut, Yuri Gagarin was...............first man
who went into............. space.
10.There is somebody downstairs. Call............. police at once!
19
Articles - Nvelk
11. On............. way here, I got lost and had to ask...............woman
for............. directions.
12. If you follow............. directions I gave you, you will find...............
hotel you are looking for.
13 .............kind of.................food we eat depends on which part of
............. world we live in.
14 ..........organ of...........cathedral is.........second largest in Hungary.
15.1 don'tthinkyou should believeJohn. He nevertells............truth.
16. Joan of Ark was............. young girl who was also...............soldier
and..........famous leader in...........war against...........English.
17. That old Fiat 126 was...........only car I could afford as...............
young lawyer.
18. There are 50 states in ........... USA................American flag has
..............same number of stars on it.
19. Jim hit....... man in........... street. Now he is in........... prison.
20. In England people start............. work later than in Hungary.
7
Egsztse ki az albbi szveget a megfelel nvelvel! Ha
nem szksges nvel, hzza ki a helyt!
O Complete the text with the appropriate article. If you don't
Jason Williamson was .......... (1) basketball coach at ........... (2)
American college, and it was his job to find..........(3) good players. It
was not.......... (4) easy job as...........(5) good players were not always
.......... (6) smartest people, and very often they were not accepted by
..........(7) college.
One day coach Williamson brought ..........(8) excellent player to
..........(9) dean of.......... (10) college and asked him to take.......... (11)
student without..........(12) examination.
20
Articles - Nvelk
"Well,"...........(13) dean said after a while, "first I'd like to ask him
.......... (14) few questions."
Then he turned to...........(15) student and asked him........... (16) quite
easy questions, but........(17) student couldn't answer them. Finally
he asked him ............(18) really easy question. "What's five times
seven?"
..........(19) student thought for.........(20) long time and then answered
"thirty-six."
..........(21) dean looked at Jason Williamson helplessly, but.......... (22)
coach said earnestly, "Please let him in, sir! He was only wrong by two".
(L. A. Hill: Advanced Anecdotes in American English)
8
Egsztse ki az albbi szveget a megfelel nvelvel! Ha
nem szksges nvel, hzza ki a helyt!
(3 Complete the text with the appropriate article. If you don't
On 31st December...........(1) people celebrate..............(2) coming of
...........(3) new year throughout Great Britain.
But New Year's Eve is...........(4) more important festival in Scotland
than it is in England; it even has...........(5) special name. It is called
Hogmanay. It is not quite clear where..........(6) name comes from, but
it is connected with eating and drinking.
People dress in their best outfit and they gather in............. (7) town
square and wait for ..............(8) midnight. Many people attend
...........(9) parties. At midnight, when .............. (10) clock strikes
twelve, everybody cheers and shouts "Happy New Year!" and sings
...........(11) traditional Scottish song, Auld Lang Syne . They kiss each
other and drink...........(12) glass of........... (13) Scotch whisky.
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Articles - Nvelk
Then they visit their friends to wish them............. (14) happy new year.
Many people believe that you will have ...........(15) good luck if
...........(16) first person to come to your house is............(17) black,
dark stranger. He usually brings...........(18) piece of coal with him as
...........(19) good luck present. Then ............(20) Scottish people
perform...........(21) traditional country dances until............(22) early
hours of............. (23) morning.
22
Nouns - Fnevek
2. Nouns - Fnevek
Q Az angol nyelvben a fnevek csoportosthatk aszerint, hogy meg
szmllhatok vagy nem megszmllhatok.
Megszmllhat fnevek - countable nouns
a legtbb olyan fnv, amelyet tnylegesen meg lehet szmolni
a book, an orange, a chair, a spoon
Nem megszmllhat fnevek - uncountable nouns
1. anyagnevek
sugar, gold
2. gyjtnevek
furniture, luggage
3. elvont fogalmak
beauty, luck
4. sportok, tantrgyak elnevezse
billiards, tennis, Literature
0
I
Az albbiakban a leggyakoribb nem megszmllhat
fneveket soroltuk fel, de bizonyos betket kihagytunk. rja
be a hinyz magn-, ill. mssalhangzkat, s megkapja a
listt!
Here is a list of the most common uncountable nouns, with
the vowels or consonants missing. Fill in the gaps to get the
words.
A magnhangz hinyzik
_dv_c_ = tancs
p_p_r = papr
br_ _d = kenyr
A mssalhangz hinyzik
_ee_e = sajt
_o_ey = pnz
_u_ _e_ = vaj
23
Nouns - Fnevek
n_ _s_ = zaj i o a io = informci
r__n = es e i
= tenisz
r c = rizs e o = benzin
f__d ennival o ee = kv
t_m_ id a e i = spagetti
fl__r liszt a = s
w t r = vz i = tej
gl_ss veg (anyag) w_ _th_r = idjrs
h s w rk = hzimunka 0 = h
Fnevek tbbes szma
Q rtelemszeren csak a megszmllhat fnevek hasznlhatk tb
bes szmban.
1. A tbbes szm jele:-s
books, chairs, lamps
sziszeg hangok (s, eh, x, sh) utn: -es
churches, buses, boxes, bushes
2. Helyesrsi tudnivalk:
a) mssalhangzt kvet szvgi y ->ie
family families
country - countries
O boys (mivel az -y magnhangz utn ll)
b) -fe s -f vgzds ->-ve lesz a legismertebb szavakban
wife ->wives
shelf ->shelves
Q roofs, chiefs
24
Nouns - Fnevek
c) az -o vg fnevek egy rsznl a tbbes szm jele -es
potato ->potatoes
tomato >tomatoes
O radios, photos, pianos
3. Klnleges esetek:
a) rendhagy tbbes szm fnevek
man >men
woman women
sszetett alakban is:
Englishmen, policewomen
child >children
foot - feet
tooth ->ee
mouse (egr) >m/'ce
goose (liba) >geese
b) csak tbbes szm alakja van
people (emberek)
c) alakjukat tekintve tbbes szmnak tnnek, de valjban nem
megszmllhat fnevek
news, Maths, Physics, customs (vm)
This news was on TV. - Ez a hr volt a tvben.
d) a pros testrszeken hordott ruhadarabokat vagy a kt rszbl
ll dolgot jell fneveket tbbes szm alakban hasznljuk
jeans (farmernadrg), socks (zokni), glasses (szemveg)
scissors (oll), lungs (td), scales (mrleg)
0
25
Nouns - Fnevek
e) nhny fnvnek megegyezik az egyes s tbbes szm alakja
fish fish (hal)
sheep >sheep (birka)
crossroads ->crossroads (tkeresztezds)
series ->series (sorozat)
2
Adja meg a kvetkez fnevek tbbes szm alakjt!
Give the plural forms of the following nouns.
box ........
window ..
pen ........
ear.........
key.........
bag ........
piano .....
leaf ........
father ....
face .......
knife ......
cherry ....
dictionary
peach .....
housewife
tomato ...
kiss ........
lorry.......
sandwich
life .........
bridge....
knee ......
lady .......
watch ....
tooth .....
bookshelf
egg........
holiday ...
slice .......
tray........
Nouns - Fnevek
3
Hasznlja a zrjelben lv szavakat egyes vagy tbbes
szmban!
Use the words in brackets in the right form: singular or
plural.
1. After dinner I always wash the (dish).........................................
2. He went to the zoo to have a look at the three new-born (monkey)
3. If you want to have all these (book).......................in this (room)
..................... you need to get another (bookshelf)......................
4. A mouse has sharp (tooth) ........................................ and it likes
(cheese).........................................
5. The airline lost all my (luggage).........................................
6. We want to change the (furniture).......................................in the
living-room.
7. We had several rainy (day)............................... during our holiday.
8. Every morning she eats fried (egg).........................................for
breakfast.
9. Your house needs painting and a change of (wallpaper)
10.We have a lot of (letter) ......................................... to write this
afternoon.
11. David has got black (hair).....................................and dark brown
(eye).........................................
12.This part of the country has some (snow).......................................
in the winter (month).........................................
13. We had (meat)..................and (vegetable)..................for dinner.
14. If you go on this trip, you will see beautiful (mountain)................
and (lake)..........................
1 5. Would you like some (lemon).....................................in your tea?
27
Nouns - Fnevek
4
Hasznlja az is/are vagy a do/does segdigket a kvetkez
mondatokban!
Complete the sentences with the right auxiliaries: is/are or
do/does.
1.................there any news from Fiona?
2. I think your hair............. too long for summer.
3. Your new trousers............. not go with this blouse.
4. This............. very good advice, thank you.
5. Where............. your parents live?
6. Japanese............. very difficult to learn.
7. All her furniture............. second-hand.
8. There............. too much salt in this soup.
9. Many people say that no news............. good news.
10. Do you know where my glasses............. ?
11.1 think those shoes............really ugly.
12. Most policemen in England............. not carry guns.
13. All the fish in my fish tank............. black.
14. Our meeting............. not end until 5 o'clock.
15. The giraffe...........the tallest animal in the world.
16. The cheese I've just bought...........really delicious. Try it.
17. Don't go out without your boots on. The snow............. very deep.
18...............your luggage still in your room?
19. Physics............. not his favourite subject.
20. Kitchen scales............. used for weighing food .
Q Nem megszmllhat fnevek mennyisgt megadhatjuk a sz
jellegnek megfelel megszmllhat fnvvel birtokos szerkezetet
alkotva.
28
Nouns - Fnevek
Q a glass of water - egy pohr viz
three slices of bread - hrom szelet kenyr
a piece of information - egy informci
Egsztse ki a kifejezseket a megadott szavakkal, a magyar
jelentsnek megfelelen! Egy sz felesleges.
Using the words given complete the phrases according to
the meaning in Hungarian. There is an extra word that you
won't need.
glass a carton 100 grams
bar a jar a slice
bottle a loaf a piece
spoonful an item a box
pound
cup
a packet a bag
1 ...................................of chocolate (egy doboz csokold)
2 ..........................................of coke (egy pohr kla)
3 ..........................................of flour (egy zacsk liszt)
4 ......................................... of milk (egy doboz tej)
5 .........................................of meat (egy fl kil hs)
6 ......................................... of cheese (10 dkg sajt)
7 ........................................ of coffee (egy cssze kv)
8 ......................................... of strawberry jam (egy veg eperlekvr)
9 ......................................... of chocolate cake (egy szelet csokitorta)
10 ....................................... of red wine (egy veg vrsbor)
11 ....................................... of paper (egy darab papr)
12 ....................................... of sugar (egy kanl cukor)
13 ....................................... of bread (egy vekni kenyr)
29
Nouns - Fnevek
14 ....................................... of tea (egy csomag tea)
15 ....................................... of news (egy hr)
6
Hasznlja a zrjelben lv szavakat a megfelel alakban:
egyes vagy tbbes szmban!
Use the words in brackets in the right form: singular or
plural.
1. We aren't going to eat (soup).................... . so you don't have to
put (spoon)..............just (fork)...............and (knife)...................
on the table.
2. It is now forbidden to feed the (pigeon) ............................. in
Trafalgar Square.
3. (window)............................are made of (glass)............................
4. From my window I can see a lot of (tree) .............................and
(bush)..............................
5. Ron was so thirsty after training that he drank two (glass)
............................of water.
6. Our English teacher always gives us a lot of (homework)...............
7. Steve overcooked the (meat)............................. so it was burnt in
(place)..............................
8. Sally speaks four (language)..............................
9. Everyone thanked the (fireman)............................for their heroic
(work)..............................
10.1 found most of the Maths (question)...................very difficult.
11. Evelyn's mind is full of all (kind) ............................ of unusual
(thought)..............................
12. We always have a lot of (fun)........................ when we go out on
Friday night.
13. How much more (money) ............................ would you need to
complete your university (study)............................?
30
Nouns - Fnevek
14.0neof the most unusual (game)............................of football took
place on Christmas Day during the First World War.
15. Most (soldier) .............................. suffered terribly in the First
World War.
16. During the 1960s and 70s (hippy)............................ had strong
(idea)............................on how the world should be.
17. Fleet Street in London used to be the place where they published
all the daily (newspaper)..............................
18. The (tyre)........................ of a car must be kept in good (condition)
19. Close the window before you turn on the light because we'll have
a lot of (mosquito)............................in here.
20.1 feel cold. Can you put some more (wood)................... on the
log fire?
Fnevek neme
1. Az angol nyelvben a trgyakat s fogalmakat jell fnevek
semleges nemek.
Q This is our house. It was built 9 years ago.
2. llnyeket jell fnevek esetn a kisgyerekekre utal szavak
(baby, child) s az llatok megnevezse semleges nemnek szmt,
kivve, ha tudjuk a gyerek vagy llat nemt.
B Look at that kitten in the window. Isn't it lovely?
I got a kitten for my birthday. His name is Simon.
3. Egyb esetekben a fnv jelentse utal arra, milyen nem az
llny, amelyet jell.
B man - woman
uncle - aunt
31
>
Nouns - Fnevek
Hmnem llnyeket jell fnvbl kpzvel alkothatunk nnem
alakot.
Q waiter ->waitress
host >hostess
7
Adja meg a szavak ellenttes nem prjt!
Give the opposite gender.
1. landlord ..................................
2. queen .....................................
3. bull .........................................
4. son .........................................
5. grandma.................................
6. nephew ..................................
7. stewardess.............................
8. duchess ...:.............................
9. boy .........................................
10. bride.....................................
11.fianc .....................................
12.widow ....................................
13. hero......................................
14. brother-in-law .....................
32
Adjectives - Mellknevek
3. Adjectives - Mellknevek
Q A mellknevek az angol nyelvben is jelzknt vagy az lltmny
nvszi rszeknt hasznlatosak csakgy, minta magyarban.
Q Sheila is a beautiful girl. - Sheila szp lny.
This car is fast. - Ez az aut gyors.
Q A mellknevet nem ragozzuk, mg az lltmny nvszi rszeknt
sem kapja meg a tbbes szm jelt.
G These boys are very lazy. - Ezek a fik nagyon lustk.
Egsztse ki a mondatokat az odaill mellknvvel! Vlasszon
a megadott listbl! Egy sz felesleges.
Complete the sentences with an appropriate adjective from
the list. There is an extra word.
black blond blue
cold easy expensive
favourite Italian new
nice poor popular
serious smart strong
tidy yellow
1 .
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
There're............................clouds in the sky. It's going to rain soon.
It's a really............................day today. Let's have a picnic.
Jack has got............................eyes and..............................hair.
I love...........................food.
They stayed at a very............................hotel. It cost them a lot.
Jane has got a.................... problem. She needs to talk to her mum.
............................John! He's failed his exam.
This soup is too.............................. I can't eat it.
His girlfriend loves............................roses.
33
10. John's............................subject is History.
11. Her room is always very..............................She cleans it regularly.
12. He's a hotel manager. He always has to wear.....................clothes.
13. Joe is a very..........................person. Everybody likes him.
14. This is a very..........................exercise.
15. This coffee is too............................Can I have some milk in it?
Q Ha egy fnvre tbb jelz is vonatkozik, a kvetkez elveket
kvetjk:
1. A vlemnyt kzl mellknv (beautiful, intelligent, etc.) mindig
megelzi a tnykzlt (old, wooden , blue, etc.).
e a nice old lamp
2. Ha tnykzl mellknvbl van tbb, hagyatkozzunk btran a
magyar nyelvrzkre!
Q an old little village
They gave her a sweet little black puppy.
Az albbi mondatok szavait sszekevertk. A szalakok
vltoztatsa nlkl lltsa ket megfelel sorrendbe, hogy
megkapja a mondatokat!
The words of the following sentences have been jumbled.
Form the correct sentences without changing the form of the
words.
Q is / car / this I a I nice
This is a nice car.
34
1. parents / music / my / like / loud / don't
B
2. has/ brown/ got/ Mary/ eyes/ big
3. very / orange juice / this / expensive / was
4. girl / is/slim / Jane/ tall / a
5. door / at / tall / there's / a / man / young / the
6. a/ bought/little/yesterday/I / red / nice/car
7. She's/ long / hair/got/beautiful
8. house / street / our / in / is / new/ narrow/ a / short
9. cold/ they/ from/ fruit/ drinks/ make / fresh
10. like / an / elegant / blouse/ silk / to / have / I'd / green / light
3
Adja meg a kvetkez mellknevek ellenttes jelents
prjt!
Give the opposites of the following adjectives.
1. light (colour)
2. rich .............
3. heavy .........
4. loud ............
5. long ............
11. ugly ........
12. interesting
13. black.......
14. big ..........
15. tall ..........
35
6. cold .................... ................... 16. slow....
7. good................... ................... 17. young ..
8. easy .................... ................... 18. new ....
9. early ................... ................... 19. cheap ..
10.sad...................... ................... 20. far.......
A mellknevek fokozsa
1. Toldalkkal fokozzuk az egy sztag mellkneveket s a kt
sztagak egy rszt.
kzpfokjele: -er
felsfokjele: -est
Q tall - taller - the tallest
narrow - narrower - the narrowest
2. A tbb sztag mellkneveket sszetetten fokozzuk,
kzpfok: more +alapfok mellknv
felsfok: the most +alapfok mellknv
Q more beautiful - the most beautiful
more famous - the most famous
3. A toldalkos alakok helyesrsa:
a) az egy sztag, rvid magnhangzt tartalmaz, egy mssal
hangzra vgzd szavak esetn a szvgi mssalhangz
megkettzdik
Q thin - thinner - the thinnest
hot - hotter - the hottest
b) a mssalhangz utn ll y - i
Q happy - happier - the happiest
easy - easier - the easiest
c) a szvgi -e kiesik
Q nice - nicer - the nicest
simple - simpler - the simplest
4. Rendhagy alakok:
alapfok kzpfok felsfok
good better the best
well (hatrozsz) better the best
bad worse the worst
many/much more the most
little less the least
far farther
(tvolsg jellsre)
the farthest
far further the furthest
(tvolsg s id jellsre is, tovbb" jelentsben)
Q / can't walk any farther/further. - Nem tudok tovbb gyalogolni.
He left without further explanation. - Minden tovbbi
magyarzat nlkl tvozott.
old older the oldest
elder the eldest
(rokonsgi kapcsolatok jellsre)
O This is my elder brother, Peter. - a btym, Pter.
4
Adja meg a mellknevek kzp- s felsfok alakjt!
Give the comparative and superlative forms of the
adjectives.
1. strong ......................... ........................
2. tasty ........................ ........................
37
3. brave
4. brilliant
5. clever
6. good
7. funny
8. exciting
9. clean
10. popular
Egsztse ki a tblzatot a hinyz alakokkal!
Fill in the chart with the missing forms.
1 .......................... quieter ....................
2 ......................... ........................ the prettiest
3 ......................... fewer ....................
4 ......................... less ....................
5. safe ........................ ....................
6 ......................... ........................ the heaviest
7 ......................... ........ ............... the worst
8. successful ........................ ....................
9 ......................... ........................ the slimmest
10 ....................... wider ....................
11. serious ........................ ....................
12.......................... more crowded ....................
13.hard ........................ ....................
14.......................... drier ....................
15. polite ........................ ....................
38
b____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
sszehasonlts kifejezse
1. Alapfok
ktszavai: as ...as
Q She is as tall as her friend. - Olyan magas, mint a bartja.
tagadsban: not so ... as
not as ... as
Q She isn't as thin as me. / She isn't so thin as me. - Nem olyan
vkony, mint n.
2. Kzpfok
ktszava : than
Q She's taller than her husband. - Magasabb, mint a frje.
O A hasonlt ktsz utn vagy csak fnv, ill. nvms vagy mellk-
mondat ll. Ha a szemlyes nvms nmagban ll, trgyesetbe
kerl.
Q I'm not as tall as her. / I'm not as tall as she is. - Nem vagyok olyan
magas, mint .
She's taller than me. / She's taller than I am. - Magasabb, mint n.
3. Felsfok
the.......-est of/in
the most....of/in
Q She's the tallest of them. - a legmagasabb kzlk.
She's the funniest girl in the class. - a legviccesebb lny az
osztlyban.
4. minl ... annl" kifejezse
the + kzpfok .... the + kzpfok
39
Q The more you eat the fatter you will be. - Minl tbbet eszel,
annl kvrebb leszel.
5. fokozatos vltozs kifejezse (egyre inkbb")
kzpfok + and +kzpfok
Q The weather is getting colder and colder. - Egyre hidegebb lesz az
id.
6. sokkal tbb", sokkal szebb", stb.
much +kzpfok
Q She looks much younger than she actually is. - Sokkal fiatalabbnak
nz ki, mint amilyen valjban.
Q Nyomatkostsra kzpfok mellknevek eltt a kvetkez szavak
hasznlhatk mg: a bit, a lot, a little, far.
Q This car is far more expensive than we can afford. - Ez az aut
sokkal drgbb, mint amit megengedhetnk magunknak.
This exercise is a bit more difficult than the others. - Ez a feladat
egy kicsit nehezebb, mint a tbbi.
6
Egsztse ki a mondatokat egy szval!
Complete the sentences with one word.
1. This book is...........................interesting than the one we had to
read last year.
2. Mary is............................so tall as her husband.
3. She spends much............................money than she could afford.
4. This is............................funniest story I've ever heard.
5. This house............................ bigger than it looks from the outside.
6. Chris isn't as bright............................his sister.
7. If you need.................... information, write to the following address.
8. The higher you climb in the mountains............................harder it
is to breathe.
9. It's autumn now. The days are getting shorter........................shorter.
10. This chair is..........................comfortable than that one.
11. Ben writes badly, but not as.........................as his brother.
12. David is so slow. I can run............................ than he can.
13. This beach is cleaner because it is..........................from the city.
14. My bag cost 25, your bag cost 20, so my bag was a bit more
............................than yours.
15. The more you forget the......................knowledge you will have.
Q A mellknevekhez hasonlan kpezzk a hatrozszk kzp- ill.
felsfok alakjt.
Hasonlt mondatokban is ugyangy hasznlhatk,
quickly - more quickly - the most quickly
Q She can play the guitar more beautifully than anybody else in the
group. - Szebben tud gitrozni, mint brki ms a csoportban.
7
A megadott informci s a zrjelben megadott mellk
nevek felhasznlsval alkosson hasonlt mondatokat!
Using the information and the adjectives given in brackets
make comparative sentences.
Q Laura's pocket money is 5 a week
David's pocket money is 8 a week (much)
David gets more pocket money a week than Laura.
41
c

0
0
1. Ben Nevis in Scotland: 1343 m
Snowdon in Wales: 1085 m (high)
2. Glasgow: 900mm of rain a year
London: 550 mm of rain a year (wet)
3. In Scotland: 5,1 million people
In Wales: 2,9 million people (many)
4. The summer holiday in Hungarian schools: 10 weeks
In British schools: 6 weeks (short)
5. The Sun: 3,5 million people read it
The Financial Times: 0,5 million people read it (few)
6. Robbie Williams was born in 1974
Julia Roberts was born in 1967 (old)
7. An Opel can go at 230 kph
A Ferrari can go at 290 kph (fast)
8. I weigh 55 kilos
My brother weighs 70 kilos (heavy)
Fejezze be a megkezdett mondatokat gy, hogy jelentsk
megegyezzen az eredeti mondatval!
Complete the sentences in a way that they mean the same as
the original sentence.
42
1. Nobody gets as good marks as Joe does.
Joe .............................................................................................
2. Mary is a lot younger than her husband, Alex.
Alex ............................................................................................
3. We can't run as fast as Mike.
Mike can ...................................................................................
4. I didn't think this road was so long.
This road is ................................................................................
5. Football boots cost 10. Ski-boots cost 25.
Ski-boots are a lot .....................................................................
6. I find cycling less tiring than running.
I find running ............................................................................
7. Dont knows more about cars than anyone else in the family.
No one in the family knows......................................................
8. I preferred the organization of last year conference.
I think the conference last year was .......................................
9. I've never eaten such bad pizza.
This is the ..................................................................................
10. My watch isn't as expensive as the one you bought.
My watch is ..............................................................................
11. Life in the country is not as stressful as in the city.
Life in the city is ........................................................................
12.1 don't find this chocolate cake too tasty. I prefer the vanilla.
The vanilla cake is .....................................................................
less + mellknv
jelentse: kevsb"
Q less important - kevsb fontos
less attractive - kevsb vonz
43
Felsfokban: the least +mellknv-,,a legkevsb"
e David was the least informed about the project. - Dvid volt a
legkevsb tjkozott a tervet illeten.
9
Egsztse ki a mondatokat a mondatba ill mellknv
felsfok alakjval!
Complete the sentences with the superlative form of the
adjectives given.
ancient
difficult
long
successful
big bloody cheap
intelligent high hot
low mysterious pretty
1. Chinese is one of...........................................languages to learn.
2. I bought...........................................dress in the shop.
3. Hamleys in London is................................toy shop in the world.
4. Mont Blanc is...........................................mountain in Europe.
5...............................................river of the world is the Nile.
6. Edith is...........................................student in the class.
7. As he didn't have much money to spend, he bought.....................
computer he could find.
8. Loch Ness is...........................................place in Scotland, because
people say there is a monster in the lake.
9. Stonehenge is one of...........................................sights of Britain.
10. The Civil War has been............................ war in the history of
the United States, causing the death of about 635.000 people.
11. Death Valley in California is ........................................... and
...........................................place in the United States.
12. The Beatles were..........................group Britain has ever had.
44
Q Mellknvi igenevek is hasznlhatk mellknvi szerepben.
1. folyamatos mellknvi igenv - Present Participle:
az ige -ing vg alakja
Q a smiling girl - mosolygs lny
the rising sun - a felkel nap
2. befejezett mellknvi igenv - Past Participle:
az ige 3. alakja
Q cooked meal - ftt tel
a well-known artist - jl ismert mvsz
Q Gyakran hasznljuk ugyanannak az ignek folyamatos s befejezett
mellknvi alakjt jelzknt. A folyamatos mellknvi igenv
cselekv, mg a befejezett mellknvi igenv szenved jelentst
hordoz.
Q The film was boring. - A film unalmas volt.
I was bored during the film - Unatkoztam.
This job is tiring. It makes me tired. - A munka fraszt. Fraszt
(fradtt tesz).
Hasznlja a megadott igk folyamatos vagy befejezett
mellknvi igenvi alakjt az albbi mondatokban!
gyeljen a helyesrsra!
Give the appropriate Present or Past Participle form of
the verbs in brackets. Pay attention to spelling.
1. Stop it. I'm not (interest)..........................in what you are saying.
2. My parents were very (disappoint) ................................. when I
failed my last exam.
45
3. Were you (worry).................................when you didn't hear from
your son for a week?
4. He has the (annoy)..........................habit of biting his fingernails.
5. Rafting in Austria was the most (excite) ..................................
experience I've ever had.
6. Have you been working long? You look (exhaust)..........................
7. His explanation was so (tire).................................that after a while
I couldn't concentrate.
8. My new job looks very (promise)...................................
9. Everybody was (surprise).................................when they decided
to get married.
10.1 didn't like that book. The story is far too (complicate).................
and I was rather (confuse)......................... at the end.
11 .Our teacher was rather (annoy)...............................when most
of us didn't do the homework.
12. My cousin has a (charm)......................little daughter.
13. I'm afraid that I'm not very (satisfy)......................with your work.
14. The children were not too (impress) ........................... by the
garden of our new house.
46
Adverbs - Hatrozk
4. Adverbs - Hatrozk
Q Hatrozszt mellknvbl s folyamatos mellknvi igenvbl -ly
kpzvel kpezhetnk.
Q slow - slowly
brave - bravely
amusing - amusingly
1. Helyesrsi tudnivalk:
a) szvgi -y >-i
happy - happily
b) -able s -ible vg mellknevekben a szvgi -e kiesik
terrible - terribly
egybknt a szvgi -e megmarad
nice - nicely
O true - truly
Q A kvetkez szavak -ly vgek, de nem hatrozszk, hanem
mellknevek:
friendly - bartsgos
lively - lnk
lonely- magnyos
lovely - kedves, szeretetre mlt
silly - ostoba
ugly - csnya
2. Kivtelek:
a) teljesen ms alakja van
good - well
47
Adverbs - Hatrozk
b) mellknvknt s hatrozknt egyarnt hasznlt szavak:
deep, early, far, fast, hard, high, late, low, near
a fast car - gyors aut
to run fast - gyorsan futni
a hard job - nehz munka
to work hard - kemnyen dolgozni
an early train - korai vonat
to arrive early - korn rkezni
a high mountain - magas hegy
c) a hard, late, near, deep mellkneveknek van -ly kpzs alakja,
de jelentse eltr
Q She was deeply hurt. - Mlysgesen megbntdott.
Q Krlrssal is kpezhetnk hatrozt (klnsen olyan mellk
nevekkel, melyekhez nem adhatjuk a -ly kpzt).
in a friendly manner - bartsgosan
in a silly way - ostobn, ostoba mdon
Kpezzen hatrozt az albbi mellknevekbl!
Make adverbs from the following adjectives.
to climb high - magasra mszni
hard - kemny, kemnyen
late - ksi, ksn
near - kzeli, kzel
deep - mly, mlyen
hardly - alig
lately - mostanban
nearly - majdnem
deeply - mlysgesen
(rzelmileg)
1. beautiful
2. angry ....
9. heavy
10. fast ..
Adverbs - Hatrozk
3. strange ....
4. careless....
5. direct .......
6. continuous
7. lively ........
8. glad ........ .
11. logical ....
12. horrible..
13. curious ...
14. sweet....
15. complete
2
Fejezze be a mondatot a mellknvbl kpzett hatrozval!
Complete the sentences with the right adverb.
Q She has a beautiful voice. She can sing beautifully.
1. Our doorbell makes a loud noise. It rings.......................................
2. John is a hard-working person. He always works...........................
3. It was a very bad match. Our team played......................................
4. My cousin is always very quiet. Even if she speaks, she speaks very
5. Her English is not as good as her French. She speaks French very
6. Mother was angry with my little brother. She shouted at him
7. Peter had serious injuries in the accident. He was............................
injured.
8. My mum is a very careful driver. She drives ....................................
9. We took the early train, so we arrived really....................................
10. She is a very good tennis player. She plays tennis very
49
Adverbs - Hatrozk
3
Mellknv vagy hatrozsz? Adja meg a zrjelbe tett
mellknv mondatba ill alakjt!
Adjective or adverb? Give the right form of the adjectives in
brackets.
1. Please be (quiet)..................................I'm trying to concentrate.
2. I'll go and get the doctor. My brother isn't very (good)...................
3. "Did you enjoy the party last night?" "Yes, it was (good)....................
4. The road is wet. Please drive more (slow).......................................
5. The window was open, so the robber could get into the house
(easy)..................................
6. John is a very lazy student. He (hard).................... studies anything.
7. I couldn't write down your name. Could you spell it more (slow)
................................, please?
8. Can you walk a bit more (quick)................................? We'll miss
the bus.
9. Lucky you!They'll pay you very (good)................................at your
new job.
10. Almost half of the village was (total)................................destroyed
in the flood.
11.1 understand some German but only if they speak it (clear)
12. She walked (nervous)............................... up and down the corridor
before the exam.
13. Was your mum (angry) ..............................with you when you
arrived home (late)................................?
14. He was very (nervous)................................and waited (impatient)
................................before the doctor came out of the maternity
ward with his newborn baby.
15. We didn't expect them to come. They arrived (unexpected)
50
Adverbs - Hatrozk
16. Janet and James have been (happy)................................married
for ten years.
17. Speak up a bit, please. I can (hard)................................hear you.
18. My friend wanted to surprise me. She made this cake (special)
....................... . for me.
19. They can't move into their new house this month. It's not
(complete)................................finished yet.
20. However (fast)..............................I ran, I couldn't catch the tram.
Q Gyakran hasznlunk hatrozt mellknevek, mellknvi igenevek
vagy ms hatrozk nyomatkostsra.
Q She's seriously ill. - Komoly beteg.
I'm terribly worried. - Borzasztan aggdom.
The reception was organized extremely well. - A fogadst
borzaszt jl megszerveztk.
4
Alkosson hatrozszkat a kvetkez mellknevekbl, s
egsztse ki a mondatokat!
Give the adverb form of the following adjectives and
complete the sentences.
careful early easy fast
fresh good healthy heavy
loud quiet
1. He eats very................................- lots of fruit and vegetables.
2. It was very nice of you that you came in so................................last
night. You didn't wake me up.
51
Adverbs - Hatrozk
3. We had a map and we could find the hotel very............................
4. Our history teacher talks very..................................It's difficult to
follow his explanations.
5. If you get up................................enough, you'll have time to have
breakfast.
6. I called my cousin in France but the line was so bad that I had to
speak very..................................
7. It was snowing................................all last night, so our car is in
the deep snow now.
8. This is a very busy road. You should drive very............................here.
9. You can get................................baked rolls in the bakery round
the corner.
10. Our children behaved themselves very................................so they
got some ice-cream.
A magyartl eltren az rzkelst jelent igk: seem, look, sound,
feel, taste, smell utn nem hatrozt, hanem mellknevet
hasznlunk.
Q to seem nice - kedvesnek tnik
to sound interesting - rdekesen hangzik
to feel happy - boldognak rzi magt
to taste sweet - des z
to smell good - j illat
to look good - jl nz ki
This tea tastes too sour. There's too much lemon in it. - Ez a tea
tl savany. Tl sok citrom van benne.
5
Mellknv vagy hatrozsz? Karikzza be a mondatba ill
alakot!
Adjective or adverb? Circle the correct form.
52
Adverbs - Hatrozk
1. This apple tastes really good/well.
2. The weather was terrible/terribly all last week.
3. Yorkshire pudding isn't sweet/sweetly but it tastes salty/saltily.
4. Am I phoning at the wrong time? You sound very impatient/
impatiently.
5. "How did you feel after the race?" "I felt happier/more happily than
ever."
6. I can't remember anything. Everything happened so quick/quickly.
7. Tina looks smart/smartly in her new jacket.
8. Juan speaks English incredible/incredibly well.
9. Juan is fluent/fluently in English.
10. What's the matter? Why do you look so sad/sadly7
11 .You looked really angry/angrily when I saw you this morning. What
was the matter?
12.1 enjoy my job so much that I never feel tired/in a tired way after work.
13. These flowers not only look beautiful/beautifully but they also smell
nice/nicely.
14. Why does this soup taste sour/sourlyl Did you put vinegar in it?
15. My father looked at me angry/angrily when I said I didn't want to
do it.
A fokhatroz kifejezsnek formi
1. very
a) A magyar nagyon" jelents hatrozsz angol megfelelje
mellknevek, mellknvi igenevek s hatrozszk eltt.
Q very dark
very boring/bored
very slowly
53
Adverbs - Hatrozk
b) igkre utalva ( az ige utn llva) very much
Q / like pancakes very much. - Nagyon szeretem a palacsintt.
I need you very much. - Nagyon nagy szksgem van rd.
2. rather s quite
Mindkett jelentse meglehetsen, elgg", de a rather negatv
rtelemben hasznlatos inkbb.
Q It's rather cold. - Elg hideg van.
The book I've just read was quite good. - A knyv, amit most
olvastam, egsz j volt.
3. so s such
Mindkett jelentse: olyan".
a) so - nllan ll mellknevek s hatrozszk eltt ll
so +adjective/adverb
Q You are so clever. - Olyan okos vagy!
Mary can sing so beautifully. - Mary olyan szpen tud nekelni.
We arrived at the hotel so late that the restaurant was closed.
- Olyan ksn rkeztnk meg a szllodba, hogy mr zrva volt
az tterem.
b) such - fnevek, illetve jelzs fnevek eltt ll. Ha a fnv
megszmllhat s egyes szmban ll, a hatrozatlan
nvelt is ki kell tenni.
such +(a/an) +noun
Q You are such an idiot. - Olyan ostoba vagy!
such +(a/an) +adjective +noun
Q You are such a clever girl. - Olyan okos kislny vagy!
They are such old books that they are worth a fortune. -
Ezek olyan rgi knyvek, hogy egy vagyont rnek.
Adverbs - Hatrozk
l/l/e had such bad weather in May that we had to have the
heating on. - Olyan rossz id volt mjusban, hogy ftennk
kellett.
O So many/much
Such a lot of
Q There were so many people at the exhibition that we
couldn't see the paintings. / There were such a lot of people
that... - Olyan sokan voltak a killtson, hogy nem lttuk a
festmnyeket.
4. too s enough
a) too +mellknv/hatrozsz =tlsgosan, tl ...
G too expensive - tl drga
too late - tl ksn
This coffee is too hot (to drink). - Ez a kv tl forr (ahhoz,
hogy meg lehessen inni).
b) mellknv/hatrozsz + enough =elg ... , elgg
G old enough - elg reg
early enough - elg korn
This car isn't fast enough (to win the race). - Ez az aut nem
elg gyors (ahhoz, hogy megnyerje a versenyt).
c) enough +fnv =elg (valamibl)
G enough money - elg pnz
O A megszmllhat fnevek tbbes szmba kerlnek az
enough" utn.
G enough books - elg knyv
Can you go to the shops? We don't have enough eggs at home.
- El men n I a boltba? Nincs itthon elg tojs.
55
Adverbs - Hatrozk
I never have enough time to answer letters. - Soha nincs elg
idm arra, hogy levelekre vlaszoljak.
6
Egsztse ki a mondatokat a too vagy az enough s a
zrjelben megadott szavak alkotta kifejezsekkel!
Complete the sentences using too or enough with the words
in brackets.
1. If you don't drive (carefully) ........................................... , you will
have an accident.
2. We haven't had (rain) ............................................. lately, so
everything is very dry.
3. These shoes are (expensive)..........................................., so I can't
afford to by them.
4. Mary doesn't have (experience)..........................................., so she
didn't get the job.
5. Nowadays there are (many)....................................... students at
university lectures and there aren't (seats)..................................
6. I couldn't get (sleep)...........................................last night because
the neighbours were (noisy).............................................
7. I can't eat this soup. It's (salty).............................................
8. I'm not going to buy these shoes. They aren't (big).......................
9. Don't read in this room. It isn't (light)...........................................
in here.
10. Last night I couldn't wash my hair because there wasn't (hot water)
11.1 didn't get a 5 for my essay because there were (many)
mistakes in it.
12.1 don't think you'll pass your examination. You don't study (hard)
56
Adverbs - Hatrozk
13. We didn't go in the sea. It was (cold).............................................
14. Peter is (young).......................................... to watch this film on his
own.
15. In Hungary you can rarely ski because we don't have (snow)
...........................................in the hills.
16.1play the lottery every week but I'm not (lucky)............................
to win.
17.1couldn't lift the parcel. It was (heavy).........................................
18.1live (close)...........................................to walk to my office.
7
So vagy such? Adja meg a mondatba ill szt! Ne feled
kezzen el a megfelel nvelrl (a/an), ahol szksges!
So or such? Fill in the gaps with the right word. Don't forget
to use the article (a/an) where necessary.
1. I'm............... hungry. I must have a bite.
2. Dont fell off his bike today. It was............... bad fall that he broke
his arm.
3. These footballers play............... badly that almost nobody goes
to watch their matches.
4. You put............... much sugar in my coffee that I can't drink it.
5. They live in ...............big house that the members of the family
rarely meet.
6. The film was...............bad that the audience left before it was over.
7. They were really sad because they got...............bad news.
8. The man was...............exhausted that he fell asleep on the bus.
9. It was................difficult question that nobody could answer it.
10. You are.............hardworking students. I'm very proud of you all.
11. Look at him. He looks..............gentleman in his suit.
57
Adverbs - Hatrozk
12. Ben has got................short hair that he doesn't need a hairdryer
to dry it.
13. Thank you for your help. You gave me............. useful advice.
14. The traffic was ............. heavy to the airport that we almost
missed our plane.
15. It is................comfortable armchair that he often falls asleep in it
while watching television.
8
A megadott szavakbl vlasztva egsztse ki a mondatokat!
Fill in the gaps choosing from the words given.
enough quite rather very
1. Thank you for the meal. It was..................tasty.
2. The ice on the lake isn't thick..................to skate on it.
3. The rubbish bin was not.................full when he emptied it.
4. It's getting.................cold. You should put on your jacket.
enough quite so very
5. When she was living abroad she missed her family and friends
...............much.
6. Be careful with those scissors. They're.................sharp.
7. This T-shirt is not dry.................yet to put on.
8. This pencil is...............blunt! You can't write nicely with it.
enough quite rather too
9. This purse looks small................to fit in my pocket.
10. You are................right. I agree with you.
11 .They show.................many advertisements on TV.
12.These advertisements are................annoying.
Adverbs - Hatrozk
rather quite so too
13. The speaker used ............. many technical terms, so very few
people understood him.
14. When he heard the good news, he was.................. happy that he
almost jumped in the air.
15. He had a ..................disappointing result at the test.
16. I've just heard.................. an interesting story.
enough quite rather such
17.1don't think you're old................to get married.
18.1had to wait for the manager for................a long time that I got
to the station late.
19. We had...............miserable weather during our holiday.
20. My new colleague is..............intelligent.
enough so very
21. It was...............nice of him to give me a lift to the station.
22. We had a house-warming party last weekend.............. many
people came that we didn't have...............glasses.
9
A szavak helyes sorrendbe lltsval alkosson mondatokat!
Make sentences arranging the words in the right order.
1. way / she / in / friendly / very / behave / didn't / a
2. room / the / enough / piano / there / in / living-room / isn't
/ for / a
3. when / home / late / was / quite / it / came / he
59
Adverbs - Hatrozk
____________________________________________________________________________
4. very / he / at / way / strange / me / looked / in / a
5. your / strong / coffee / is / enough ?
6. so/ view / was / beautiful / the/ from / mountain / the
7. John / me / such / birthday / nice / gave / a / present
8. have to/ hard / you / work / will / pass / exam / to / the
60
Prepositions - Elljrszk
5. Prepositions - Elljrszk
Idkifejezs elljrszkkal
1. at
Jelentse: egy meghatrozott idpontban".
Q at 7:30 - 7:30-kor
at midnight - jflkor
at noon - dlben
at the moment - jelenleg, ebben a pillanatban
at the same time - egyszerre, ugyanakkor
at the age of 17- 17 ves korban
O Kivtelek (mert valjban idtartamot jellnek):
at night - jjel
at the weekend - htvgn
at Christmas - karcsonykor
2. on
a) dtumok s napok eltt ezen a napon" jelentsben
Q on 12 November - november 12-n
on Sunday - vasrnap
on Christmas Day - karcsony napjn
b) ha a napszak neve eltt a ht egy napjnak neve ll
Q on Saturday morning - szombat reggel
on Sunday afternoon - vasrnap dlutn
on Monday morning - htf reggel
on Tuesday night - kedd jjel
We usually go out on Friday nights. - Pntek estnknt el
szoktunk menni szrakozni.
61
3. in
a) Idtartam jellsre hnapok, vek, vszakok eltt
Q in January - janurban
in 1999 - 1999-ben
in (the) summer - nyron
in the 20th century - a XX. szzadban
in the Middle Ages - a kzpkorban
b) napszakok neve eltt
Q in the morning - reggel
in the afternoon - dlutn
in the evening - este
O at night - jjel
on Monday morning - htf reggel
c) idtartam megadsval valamennyi idn bell" jelentsben
Q in a moment - egy percen bell
in an hour - egy rn bell
Dinner will be ready in five minutes. - A vacsora t perc mlva
ksz.
1
Egsztse ki a kifejezseket a megfelel elljrval!
Use the appropriate preposition.
1 .....................November 5
2 ...................winter
3 .....................a sunny day
4 .................. Easter
5 ..................Easter Monday
6 .................. 2006
7.....................lunchtime
11 .................night
12 ................ the coffee-break
13 ................ about 10 p.m.
14 ................ my birthday
15 ................Roman times
16 ................6 o'clock
17 ................New Year's Eve
8 ............ December
9 ...................the evening
10 .................the next day
18 ................Christmas Day
19 ................Christmas
20 ................Friday afternoon
Nem hasznlunk at/on/in elljrszt
1. a next s last mellknevek eltt
B last night - tegnap jjel
next Sunday - jv vasrnap
last April - tavaly prilisban
next year - jvre
2. a tomorrow s yesterday hatrozszavak, illetve a velk alkotott
kifejezsek eltt
B Nobody called you yesterday. - Tegnap senki nem hvott,
the day before yesterday - tegnapeltt
the day after tomorrow - holnaputn
Figyelje meg az albbi kifejezseket:
yesterday morning/afternoon/evening - tegnap reggel/dlutnf
este
O last night - tegnap jjel
tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening/night - holnap reggel/
dlutn/este/jjel
Ugyanez a szably vonatkozik a this/that mutat nvms utn ll,
idt kifejez szavakra is.
B this morning - ma reggel
this week - ezen a hten
this Friday - e hten pnteken
63
2
Hasznlja a mondatba ill elljrt (atlon/in) ahol szksges!
Use the appropriate preposition (at/onlin) where necessary.
1. Admiral Nelson was born in Norfolk, England,............. 1758.
2. Lovers send each other cards............. Valentine's Day.
3. In Hungary you can vote............. the age of 18.
4. We have six difficult lessons............. Monday.
5. He lost his job because he refused to work............. the weekend.
6. St. Paul's Cathedral in London was built by Sir Christopher Wren
............. the 17th century.
7. David Beckham was born............. 2nd May, 1975.
8. "How old is Mrs Morn?" "I'm not sure. She must be........her late
30s."
9. People of the "Beat Generation" were called hippies..............the
1960s and 70s.
10. President Day is celebrated............. the third Monday of February.
11. I'm sorry but Mr Davies is out............. the moment. Can I take a
message?
12.1 have to talk to you. Can we meet............. half an hour?
13. When they heard the fire alarm, they left the building ..............
once.
14. The school year begins...........1st September and ends...............
June.
15. So let's meet again............. Monday...............ten o'clock sharp.
16. We like going on bicycle rides............. Saturday afternoon.
17. The mountains are really beautiful........... autumn.
18. I'm going to get my driving licence............. two weeks.
19.1can't hear any of you if you all speak............. the same time.
20. If you are ready to work............. night, you'll get extra money.
64
B
3
Egsztse ki a mondatokat az at/on/in elljrszval s egy
kifejezssel a felsoroltak kzl!
Complete the sentences with a preposition (at/on/in) and one
of the words or phrases listed.
1. In the USA they celebrate Independence Day..................................
2. In the UK people usually start work.................................................
3. On December 31 we drink champagne..........................................
to celebrate the New Year.
4. Tiger Woods, the famous American golfer learnt to play golf
5. Kirkpatrick Macmillan made the first bicycle in the world
6. Most children never forget to give some flowers to their mothers
7. Although Halloween,......................................... . is not an official
holiday, it's a special day for children in the USA.
8. New England was settled .......................................... by Puritans
from England.
9. In England people open their Christmas presents..............................
10.1 like it when everything gets green...............................................
Idkifejezs egyb elljrszkkal
1. from ... to s from ... till/until - ettl eddig" jelentsben
Q from 9 to 12 - 9-tol 12-ig
from June to September - jniustl szeptemberig
1789
Mother's Day
the 1600s
9 o'clock Christmas morning July 4
midnight October 31 spring
the age of 3
spring
65
from morning till night - reggeltl estig
from 1914 until 1918 - 1914-tl 1918-ig
2. until/till - ......,,-ig" jelentsben
Q until the end of the year - v vgig
I'll wait here until your class is over. - Itt vrok, mg vget r az
rd.
3. by - valamilyen idpontra
Q by Sunday - vasrnapra
by then /that time - akkorra
till Sunday by Sunday - vasrnapig <-> vasrnapra (a
jelentsbeli klnbsg ugyanaz, minta magyarban)
by the time (something happens) - amikorra (valami megtrtnik)
Q By the time I get to the shop in the morning, there are no fresh
rolls. - Mire reggel odarek a boltba, mr nincs friss zsemle.
4. between - kztt" jelentsben
Q between 7 and 8 o'clock - 7 s 8 ra kztt
5. since +idpont - ... ta
Q since 1999 - 1999 ta
since Friday - pntek ta
since 5 o'clock - 5 ra ta
since you last phoned - mita utoljra telefonltl
O Ezekkel az idhatrozs kifejezsekkel az ige mindig befejezett
jelen idben (Present Perfect Tense) ll.
Q / have known my best friend since my first day at school. - A leg
jobb bartomat azta ismerem, amita elszr mentnk iskolba.
They have been married since last May. - Tavaly mjus ta hzasok.
66
6. for +idtartam - ... ideje , ... ideig
Q for 5 days - t napja
for a year - egy ve
O Az lltmny befejezett jelen idben (Present Perfect Tense) van, ha
a cselekvs mg mindig tart.
Q / have known my best friend for 15 years. -15 ve ismerem a
legjobb bartomat.
They've been married for ten months. - Tz hnapja hzasok.
Ha a mltban lezrult idtartamot jellnk, az lltmny egyszer
mlt idbe (Simple Past Tense) kerl.
Q / went to primary school for eight years. - Nyolc vig jrtam
ltalnos iskolba.
They lived in the country for five years before they moved to the
capital. - t vig ltek vidken, mieltt a fvrosba kltztek.
7. before - eltt
after - utn
Q before breakfast - reggeli eltt
after midnight - jfl utn
8. during +fnv/nvms - alatt" jelentsben
Q It started to rain during the match. - A meccs alatt elkezdett esni
az es.
O Ezt a jelentst a while +mellkmondat szerkezettel is kifejez
hetjk:
Q It started to rain while we were playing football.
9. ago - mennyi idvel ezeltt" jelentsben
Nem elljr, hanem nvut, teht a sz utn ll.
67
Q a minute ago - egy perce (egy perccel ezeltt)
ages ago - vekkel ezeltt
20 years ago - hsz vvel ezeltt
4
Egsztsd ki a mondatokat a megfelel elljrszval (ill.
nvutval) vagy a while ktszval!
O Complete the sentences with the right prepositions or the
word while.
1. He wants to be a good swimmer. He swims............6 ..............10
every morning.
2. I couldn't fall asleep........... the lights were on.
3. I haven't seen them............the last week of August.
4. My cousin hurt her ankle............the game last week.
5. I saw Mary in the caf ten minutes..............
6. You had a phone call............you were out.
7. We did a lot of exciting things............our holiday.
8. Can you peel the potatoes............I chop the onions?
9. Little Jerry was so tired............training that he fell asleep.............
dinner.
10. She hasn't talked to me..........we last had an argument.
11. "I need my car on Friday." "Don't worry, it'll be ready ..........
then."
12. Were you talking about me..........I was in the other room?
13. You are supposed to be quiet..........the headmaster's speech.
14. Don't speak..........your teacher is speaking.
15.There was no electricity............two hours this morning.
Helyhatroz kifejezse elljrszval
1. at - egy meghatrozott pontban
Q at the door - az ajtban
at the bus stop - a buszmegllban
at the airport - a repltren
at the beginning/end of the street - az utca elejn/vgn
at the bottom/top of the page - a lap aljn/tetejn
Q Jegyezze meg az albbi kifejezseket:
at home - otthon
at work - munkahelyen / a munkahelyn
at school - iskolban
at university - egyetemen
at - egy esemnyen, egy bizonyos helyen, valakinl
Q at a party - egy partin
at a concert - egy koncerten
at the hairdresser's - a fodrsznl
at the doctor's - az orvosnl
2. in - valamiben benne, valahol bent
Q in the building - az pletben
in the classroom - az osztlyteremben
in a village/town/country - egy faluban/vrosban/orszgban
in my pocket - a zsebemben
in the second row - a msodik sorban
in the mountains - a hegyekben
O Jegyezze meg:
in the picture - a kpen
in the sun - a napon
in the sky - az gen
69
A fentiekbl kvetkezik:
arrive at - egy meghatrozott pontra vagy esemnyre rkezik
63 arrive at school
What time did you arrive at the station? - Hnykor rkeztl az
llomsra?
arrive in - egy orszgba, vrosba rkezni
Q After a very tiring journey they finally arrived in Malta. - Egy
nagyon fraszt t utn vgre megrkeztek Mltra.
O arrive home - hazarni
Szlloda, tterem, srz esetn lehet in vagy at is:
63 We stayed at the hotel (in the hotel) you recommended. - Abban
a szllodban szlltunk meg, amit te ajnlottl.
3. on - valamin rajta
Q on the floor - a padln
on my shoulders - a vllamon
on the blackboard - a tbln
kifejezsekben:
on the left/right - balra/jobbra
on the coast - a tengerparton
on the river - a foly (kt) partjn
on the way (to ...) - tban (valahov)
on a farm - egy farmon
on a bus/train/plane/boat - buszon/vonaton/repln/hajn
8in a car - autban
70
Egsztsd ki a mondatokat a megfelel elljrszval, ahol
szksges!
Complete the sentences with the right prepositions where
necessary.
I. We've lived............this street............. only two years.
2................summer 2004, that is two years............. . she also worked
as a baby-sitter............England.
3. Before going to France, she lived............Austria............. 2 years.
4. When do you usually arrive............home from school?
5. What time did they come............yesterday evening?
6. The oldest tree............the world is 2700 years old.
7. It can be found............Yosemite National Park............. the USA.
8. There are dark clouds............the sky.
9. Bournemouth is a big city............the south coast of England.
10. She grew up............a farm somewhere............. the south.
I I . Who were you waiting for..........the station when I saw you
............last night?
12. They live..........the third floor............. a huge block of flats.
13. Not many people live............the City of London.
14. Around 300,000 people arrive............the City to work..............
the week, but only 5,000 people remain............night and.............
weekends.
15. The best time to go there is..........the week..............9 ..............
the morning and 5............the evening.
16. We went to a concert............the Royal Albert Hall.
17.............. the year 2000, Americans spent $110 billion ............
restaurants like McDonald's, Burger King and Wendy's.
18. One of the most unusual games of football..........history took
place............Christmas Day............. the First World War.
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19. A group of English people left England............September 6,1620
............the ship "The Mayflower" and 65 days later they arrived
.................. the New World and settled ............... Plymoth,
Massachusetts.
20. His father grew up............the country.
21.1was............school............. the same time that you were there.
22.1tried to get............the bus but it was full.
23. Go down this street and the Irish pub is..........the end of the
street............your right.
24. Can you sign it............the bottom of the page?
25. Szeged is............the river Tisza.
26..............the way to the airport we saw an accident.
27. They got married..........a little village a month................
28. What's............your hand?
29. Their plane lands..........Heathrow Airport.
30. I'm going to see him............hospital..............this afternoon.
Tovbbi gyakori elljrszk helyhatroz kifejezsre
in front of - eltt
Q The teacher is standing in front of the children. - A tanr a
gyerekek eltt ll.
behind - mgtt
Q The blackboard is behind the teacher. - A tbla a tanr mgtt van.
next to - mellett
Q / sit next to John in class. - John mellett lk rn.
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opposite - szemben
Q Put the chair opposite the window. - Tedd a szket az ablakkal
szembe!
under - alatt
Q / keep the waste paper basket under the desk. - A paprkosarat az
rasztal alatt tartom.
bellow - alatt
Q In November the temperature at night often goes below zero. -
Novemberben a hmrsklet gyakran megy 0 fok al.
Q A bellow elljrsz a fgglegeshez viszonytva jelenti azt, hogy
alatt. Azt jelli, hogy a skban valami alacsonyabban vagy egy
skln valami alatt van.
Q bellow a line - egy szint alatt
bellow the picture - a kp alatt
above - fltt
Q Above the bookcase there are some nice pictures on the wall. - A
knyvszekrny fltt van nhny szp kp a falon.
among - kztt
Q You can see wild animals among the trees. - Lthatsz vadllatokat
a fk kztt.
O A between elljrsz is kztt" jelentsben hasznlatos, de azt
csak akkor hasznlom, ha kt dolog kztt" van valami.
Q between John and Mary - John s Mary kztt
among a group of children - gyerekek kztt
0
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Mozgs kifejezsre hasznlatos tovbbi elljrszk
over - fltt
63 They often fly over the city - Gyakran elreplnek a vros felett.
along - valami mentn, vgig
Q We went for a walk along the river. - Stltunk a foly mellett.
across - t, keresztl (rajta, a felsznn)
Q Go across the road then turn left. - Menj t az ton, majd fordulj
balra!
through - t, keresztl (valamiben benne)
G You have to go through the park to get to the cinema. - t kell
menned a parkon, hogy a mozihoz juss.
past - valami mellett elhaladva
G When you walk past the greengrocer's, the bus stop is right in
front of you. - Ha elmentl a zldsges mellett, a buszmegllt
megltod magad eltt.
round - krbe, valamit megkerlve
G They built a road to go round the city. - ptettek egy utat, mely
megkerli a vrost.
to/into - valahov, valamibe
G He is young. He has to go to school - Mg fiatal. Iskolba kell jrnia.
When she saw me, she went into the house. - Amikor megltott,
bement a hzba.
74
I
D

a
out of - ki valahonnan
Q Did the bear come out of his cave on February 2nd? - Kijtt a
medve a barlangjbl februr 2-n?
O Jegyezze meg az albbi kifejezseket:
put on the table - az asztalra tenni
take off the table - levenni az asztalrl
get on the bus/tram/train - felszllni a buszra/villamosra/vonatra
get off the bus/tram/train - leszllni a buszrl/villamosrl/vonatrl
get in a car - beszllni egy autba
get out of a car - kiszllni egy autbl
go on foot - gyalog menni
go by car/bus/tram/airplane/bicycle etc. - valamilyen jrmvel
menni"
Q Ha azonban az elljrsz s a jrm neve kz brmilyen sz kerl,
a jrm jellegnek megfelel elljrszt hasznljuk.
Q in my father's car- apukm kocsijval
on my new bicycle - az j biciklimmel
on the 7:30 train - a 7:30-as vonattal
Adja meg a mondatba ill elljrszt vagy elljrszkat!
Fill in the appropriate prepositions.
1. Don't jump........that tree. It's too high.
2. This is a digital camera. You don't need to put a film........it.
3. In volleyball you have to hit the ball.......... the net.
4. Take your hands..........................your pocket when you are talking
to someone.
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f
a
5. Coming home........the village fair we had to drive......... a narrow
road which went........a forest.
6. You don't have to take the road........the next village. You can walk
........the fields.
7. When he heard some strange noise...........the middle of the night,
he hid............ his bed and waited silently.
8. There are no parking places.............................our house. You have
to go........the corner to park your car.
9. Did you go........England..........plane or..........coach?
10. He was so hot that he jumped........the water with his clothes on.
11. Blriot was the first person to fly........the English Channel in 1909.
12. Tower Bridge used to open up so that big ships could go......it.
13. Who are you sitting........................at school?
14. The bakery is......the shoe shop and the florist's.
15. People say it is unlucky to walk........a ladder.
16. Everybody........ this line failed the exam.
17.1 left my keys........home. I had to climb..........the house..........
the bathroom window.
18..........which station did that man get..........the train?
19. It takes 50 minutes to get......Heathrow Airport..........the centre
of London.........underground.
20.1was walking ........ home when my father drove.......... me. He
stopped and told me to get........the car.
21. Derek likes walking. He never gets........the bus or tram. He goes
everywhere........foot.
22. You can get to the swimming pool........the No. 60 bus.
to s for: rszeshatroz kifejezsre
Az angol nyelvben kt trgy van:
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a) A Direct Object a magyar trgynak felel meg (Mit?).
b) Az Indirect Object a magyarban a rszeshatroz (Kinek/Minek a
rszre?).
A szemlyes nvmsoknak ezrt nincs kln alakjuk a rszes esetre.
Q Send him a postcard. - Kldj neki egy kpeslapot/
Ha az Indirect Object megelzi a Direct Objectet, (teht a fenti
szrendben llnak: kinek mit), nincs semmi tennival, nincs szksg
elljrszra.
bringlgive/ lend/ send/ showltake/ tell somebody something
Q Send him a postcard.
Ha a Direct Object megelzi az Indirect Objectet, (mit kinek a szrend),
az Indirect Object elljrszval ll. Az elljr leggyakrabban: to.
bringlgive/lend/send/show/take/ tell something to somebody
Q Send a postcard to him. - Kldj neki egy kpeslapot/
Would you give this parcel to your husband? - tadn ezt a
csomagot a frjnek?
O Ha a Direct Object szemlyes nvms (it/them), csak az utbbi
szrend helyes.
Q Give it to Peter. - Add oda Pternek!
Show them to your teacher. - Mutasd meg azokat a tanrodnak!
Lend it to your friend. - Add klcsn a bartodnak!
Q A kvetkez igk esetben for elljrsz ll az Indirect Object
eltt, ha azt megelzi a Direct Object:
build, buy, find, get, keep, make, read, reserve, etc.
Q / bought this house for you. - Ezt a hzat neked vettem.
He made a nice toy for his son. - Ksztett a finak egy szp jtkot.
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O De az Indirect Object +Direct Object szrend esetn ezekben a
mondatokban sincs elljrsz.
63 / bought my daughter this house.
He made his son a nice toy.
7
Egsztse ki a mondatokat az elljrszk egyikvel, ahol
szksges!
Fill in the gaps with one of the prepositions where necessary.
1. As he didn't need two copies of the book, he gave one of them
............me.
2. Who did you buy this beautiful bouquet of flowers............?
3. Would you show ............ me how to switch on the washing
machine?
4. The shop assistant chose some really pretty curtain material
............me.
5. Can you read............us the first paragraph, please?
6. The waiter brought two bottles of red wine............the people at
the next table.
7. Can you pass the pepper............your mum?
8. Will you find another pair of these gloves............me, please?
9. Who sent this beautiful postcard............you?
10.The mother gave............her daughter some advice on hairstyle.
Pronouns - Nvmsok
6. Pronouns - Nvmsok
Szemlyes nvmsok
Alany eset Trgy s rszes eset
Egyes szm 1.sz. / me
2. sz. you you
3. sz. he/she/it him/her/it
Tbbes szm 1. sz. we us
2. sz. you you
3. sz. they them
Q / was not there. - Nem voltam ott.
Peter didn't see me. - Pter nem ltott engem.
My teacher gave me some extra homework. - A tanrom adott
nekem egy kis plusz feladatot.
Az it szemlyes nvms hasznlata:
1. egyes szmban ll trgyak, fogalmak s llatok helyettestsre
B Look at my turtle. It always sleeps under that stone. - Nzd a
teknsm! Mindig az alatt a k alatt alszik.
"How much is this CD?" - Mennyibe kerl ez a CD?
"It's 2500 Forints." - 2500 forint.
2. alanya a szemlytelen mondatoknak, melyekkel idt, tvolsgot,
idjrst stb. fejeznk ki vagy egy helyzetet jellemznk
B What time is it? - Mennyi az id?
It's September 1st. - Szeptember 1-je van.
It's more than 160 km from here. - Tbb mint 160 km-re van innen.
It's raining. - Esik az es.
It's easy to make pancakes. - Knny palacsintt stni.
It's better to say nothing. - Jobb, ha nem mondasz semmit.
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Pronouns - Nvmsok
1
Egsztse ki a mondatokat a szemlyes nvms megfelel
alakjval!
Fill in the gaps with the right pronoun.
1. If I see Mary tomorrow,........will tell..........to come and see you.
2. Your clothes are wet. I think you should take........off.
3. These trainers only cost five pounds..........were a bargain!
4. When the cake is ready, take........out of the oven.
5. Excuse me, could........tell me where the post office is?
6. Don't try to touch the cage of the lion.......... is very dangerous.
7. I bought so many books that........ couldn't carry..........all.
8............has just started to rain.
9. Have........ done your homework, Wendy?
10. My family didn't go to the wedding because they didn't send......
an invitation.
There is / there are
Q A there is / there are szerkezettel hatrozatlan alany ltezst
lltom. Azt fejezem ki, hogy valami van valahol.
Q There is a book on my desk. - Van egy knyv az rasztalomon.
There are some children in the park. - Gyerekek vannak a parkban.
O Vesd ssze:
It was stormy on August 20th. - Viharos volt az id augusztus
20-n.
There was a storm on August 20th. - Augusztus 20-n vihar volt.
Pronouns - Nvmsok

2
Hasznlja a mondatba ill it is vagy there is alakot!
Give the appropriate form of it is or there is.
1 ...........is a very nice day today.
2 ................. is a man in front of the door of the house.
3. Tell me when.............. is good for you to talk about it.
4 ................is a pity that you can't come to my party.
5 .................is a very modern house.
6 ............... is a lovely garden behind their house.
7 .................is nothing in the box.
8 .................is nonsense.
9 .................is a letter for you in the hall.
10 ..............is a bakery, not a supermarket.
Birtokos nvmsok
jelzi fnvi nll
Egyes szm 1. sz. my mine
2. sz. your yours
3. sz. his/her/its his/hers/its
Tbbes szm 1. sz. our ours
2. sz. your yours
3. sz. their theirs
1. A jelzi birtokos nvmsok csak fnvvel egytt llnak.
Q This is my umbrella. - Ez az n ernym.
This umbrella is mine. - Ez az erny az enym.
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Pronouns - Nvmsok
2. Egyes s tbbes szmra egyarnt utalnak.
Q This is her child. - Ez az gyereke.
They are her children. - Az gyerekei.
This child is hers. - Ez a gyerek az v.
These children are hers. - Ezek a gyerekek az vi.
3. Krdst a Whose? krdszval tesznk fel mindkt alakra.
B Whose car is this? - Kinek a kocsija ez?
Whose is this car? - Ki ez az aut?
Q Figyelje meg az albbi kifejezst:
a friend of mine - az egyik bartom
B Susan came to the party with a friend of hers. - Susan az egyik
bartjval jtt a partira.
3
Egsztse ki a mondatokat a megfelel (szemlyes vagy
birtokos) nvmssal!
Complete the sentences with the right pronoun.
1. If you lend me...............dictionary, I'll look up the new words.
2. Children must obey...............parents.
3. When I read,...............eyes hurt.
4. There's no need to shout. I can hear................
5.................. am looking for my trainers. Have you seen................?
6. There were mothers with...............babies in the room.
7. It's a pity you didn't bring your camera with..........
8. I know you don't like Sue. You don't have to talk to
9. Jill sent...............friend a postcard from Liverpool.
10. Jenny talked to the woman sitting next to on the train.
Pronouns - Nvmsok
11. At last we moved into...............own house.
12. Trees drop............leaves in the autumn.
13. You shouldn't say bad things about Chris. He is a cousin of
14. This key doesn't belong to us. It isn't..............
1 5. "Are you wearing .............own dress or Jane's?" "It's
of course!"
O A mellknvi birtokos nvmssal hasznlt own sz nyomatkostja
a birtoklst.
Q my own room - a sajt szobm
Gyakori kifejezsek ezzel a szerkezettel:
on my own - egyedl
Mind your own business. - Trdj a magad dolgval!
Visszahat nvms
Egyes szm 1. sz.
2. sz.
3. sz.
Tbbes szm 1. sz.
2. sz.
3. sz.
myself
yourself
himself/herself/itself
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
1. Az ige trgyaknt ugyangy hasznljuk, mint a magyar nyelvben.
Q / washed myself before I left. - Megmosakodtam, mieltt elin
dultam.
He looked at himself in the mirror. - Megnzte magt a tkrben.
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Pronouns - Nvmsok
2. Az alany nyomatkostsra is hasznljuk. Ilyenkor vagy a nyoma
tkostott sz utn vagy a mondat vgn ll.
Q He did it himself. / He himself did it. - maga tette.
3. A by elljrszval sszekapcsolva azt jelenti: egyedl".
Q Lisa didn't ask for help. She did everything by herself. - Lisa nem
krt segtsget. Mindent egyedl csinlt meg.
4
Hasznlja a mondatba ill visszahat nvmst!
Use the right reflexive pronoun.
1. You.......................have to make that decision. Nobody can do it
for you.
2. You can go with them, but I ....................... want to stay at home
tonight.
3. As I'm an only child, my parents will live by.......................when I
go to live in Budapest.
4. Children, take care of.........................
5. When everybody forgot about his birthday, Simon bought a
present for.........................
6. Every morning before leaving home she looks at.......................in
the mirror.
7. Did you enjoy.......................at the party, John?
8. Did you know that this painter didn't go to art school but he taught
.......................to paint.
9. I think you are very selfish children. You only think about................
10. If you want to be successful, you have to believe in.......................
Pronouns - Nvmsok
Mutat nvms
Egyes szm
Tbbes szm
kzeire mutat
this
these
tvolra mutat
that
those
A magyartl eltren a mutat nvms utn nem ll hatrozott nvel
a fnv eltt.
Q this book -ez a knyv
those boys - azok a fik
Hasznlja a mondatba ill mutat nvmst!
Use the right demonstrative pronoun.
1. I've jus found................pen in my bag. Isn't it yours?
2. Whose are................shoes out in the hall?
3. Who was................boy I saw you with yesterday evening?
4. Do you know................people over there?
5. Pete,................is my friend, Christopher.
6. Look at................clouds in the sky. We're going to get some snow
soon.
7................... tables here are reserved for a group of 10 people.
8. Where did you put............... ugly-looking vase you got from Pete?
some - any - no
A megszmllhat fnevek tbbes szmba kerlnek utnuk. Mivel a
nem megszmllhat fneveknek nincs tbbes szma, azok egyes
szmban maradnak.
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Pronouns - Nvmsok
Q some friends
some wine
1. some hasznlata
a) llt mondatban egy kis, nhny, valamennyi" jelentssel
Q / need some advice. - Szksgem van tancsra.
There are some oranges on the table. - Van nhny narancs az
asztalon.
b) krd mondatban udvarias krs s knls kifejezsre
G Can I have some bananas, please? - Kaphatok bannt?
Would you like some more orange juice? - Krsz mg na
rancslt?
2. any hasznlata
a) krd mondatban
Q Are there any oranges on the table? - Van narancs az asztalon?
Do you need any money? - Szksged van pnzre?
b) tagad mondatokban
G There aren't any oranges on the table. - Nines narancs az
asztalon.
I don't need any money. - Nincs szksgem pnzre.
3. no hasznlata
llt alak lltmny mellett tagad rtelemben.
G / need no money. - Nincs szksgem pnzre.
Pronouns - Nvmsok
C
6
Egsztse ki a mondatokat a some, any vagy a no szavakkal!
Fill in the gaps with some, any or no.
1. My friend asked me for..............advice but I didn't know what to
say.
2. There's.................school today, so you can stay in bed.
3. Would you like.................milk in your tea?
4. I have................. good news. Listen.
5. I left my camera at home, so I couldn't make.................photos.
6. Don't give Jenny.................milk, please. She's allergic to milk.
7. Everybody had to stand because there were................. chairs in
the hall.
8. If you want to make sponge cake, you'll need.................eggs, but
I'm afraid I haven't got...................
9. I'm sorry I can't help you. I have.................money at all.
10.The baby can't reach.................of his toys, and now he is crying.
11.1 have brought................fresh rolls for breakfast. Here you are.
12. We've never had...............problem with our television set.
13. If you go on spending money like this, you will have hardly
.................left for the second half of the month.
14. Look Mother! Father has brought you.................flowers.
15. There weren't.................teachers in the yard when this happened.
16. Give your baby brother.................tea, please. He's thirsty.
17. Shall I make you.................scrambled eggs?
18.1 have................time to take my car to the garage. Can you do it
for me?
19. Don't open ................. of these bottles. Nobody likes sweet
champagne here.
20. We had.................rain last night. The pavement is still wet.
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Pronouns - Nvmsok
o A hardly negatv jelents sz, utna any ll.
Q There was hardly any air in the room. - Alig volt leveg a
szobban.
Q A some/any/no eltaggal sszetett szavakat is alkothatunk sze
mlyre, trgyra vagy helyre utalva:
some/any/no +-one/ -body-valaki, senki
some/any/no + thing - valami, semmi
some/any/no + where - valahol, sehol
Q / saw somebody entering your room. - Lttam, hogy valaki belp
a szobdba.
I didn't see anything. / / saw nothing. - Nem lttam semmit.
I have put my keys somewhere but now I can't find them. -
Valahov eltettem a kulcsaimat, s most nem tallom ket.
Q Every eltaggal hasonlkppen kpezhetek sszetett szavakat.
Q Everybody was happy to hear the news. - Mindenki rlt a hrnek.
7
Helyettestse az alhzott kifejezseket a megadott
some/ anylno eltag szavakkal, s vgezze el a szksges
talaktsokat a mondatban!
Replace the underlined phrases with the given compounds
and make the necessary changes in the sentence.
1. I don't know a thing about this town. (nothing)
2. Where are all the people? (everybody)
r-------
Pronouns- Nvmsok ^ }
3. We looked at all the olaces to find the thermometer. (everywhere)
4. There was a man in our aarden. (somebody)
5. There are no interestina olaces to see here. (anything)
6. A person. I don't know who. has taken mv bicvcle. (somebody)
7. Not one student could answer the teacher's question (nobody)
8. All the thinas in this room belona to mv brother. (everything)
9. There is a stranae thina for vou on the table. (something)
10. Are vou aoina to anv places at the weekend?
(anywhere)
8
Egsztse ki a mondatokat some/any/no eltag szavakkal!
Complete the sentences with some/no/any +
one/body/thing/where compounds.
1. I haven't got..................................in my pocket.
2. Is there ..................................to see in this city?
3. Did you meet..................................coming home from work?
4. There's.............................to eat at home, so I'll have to go shopping.
5. You won't be able to do it on your own. You'll need
............................to help you.
6. "What are you planning to do at the weekend?" ".......................... "
7. I'm looking for my mobile phone. I can't find it.............................
89
a
8. knew the name of the new student, so we
had to ask him.
9. Pete, sit down, please. I've got
very
important to tell you.
10. Listen. I think there's downstairs. Shall I call
the police?
11.1 didn't have.....................
12.1know I have left my purse
to say, so I left them there.
.....................here, and now it's
gone.
every - all
1. Hasonl a jelentsk, mindkett hasznlhat arra, hogy
emberekrl vagy dolgokrl ltalnossgban beszljnk.
All utn a fnv tbbes szmba kerl, every utn viszont egyes
szmban ll.
Q Not all Englishmen are reserved. - Nem minden angol zrkzott.
Not every Englishman is reserved. - Nem minden angol zrkzott.
2. Hasznlhatjuk ket arra, hogy egy csoport tagjaira utaljunk velk.
Ilyenkor az all hatrozott nvelvel ll.
Q She has used all the eggs in the fridge. - Elhasznlta az sszes
tojst a htbl.
Every egg I cracked was bad. - Minden tojs, amit feltrtem, romlott
volt.
3. Az all jelentheti a kvetkezt: the only thing - az egyetlen dolog.
Q All he's eaten today was a hamburger. - Ma mg csak egy
hamburgert evett.
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Pronouns - Nvmsok
4. Egyes szmban ll fnvvel az all jelentse: egsz".
Q / was at home all day. - Egsz nap otthon voltam.
9
Hasznlja a mondatba ill szt (every - all)\
Give the appropriate word (every - all).
1. I get up at 6 .................morning.
2. I was reading.................last night.
3.....................summer holiday he works for McDonald's for a month.
4. Last year she worked.................summer in order to earn enough
money to start her studies at university.
5.....................child needs love and care.
6. We couldn't find anywhere to stay for the night because
.................the hotels were full.
7.....................time she goes to town, she buys herself a book.
8.....................the people in the photograph are my relatives.
9.....................you need is love.
10. Look, it's snowing.................the streets are white.
much - many; little - few, a little - a few
1. much s many jelentse: sok"
much +nem megszmllhat fnv:
Q much money
much time
many +megszmllhat fnv tbbes szmban:
Q many cars
many children
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Pronouns - Nvmsok
Q ltalban tagad s krd mondatban hasznljuk mindkettt.
A lot of / lots of kifejezsekkel helyettesthetk.
63 How much money can you get for this job ? - Mennyi pnzt lehet
kapni ezrt a munkrt?
There aren't many cars in the town centre at weekends. -
Htvgn nem sok aut van a vroskzpontban.
There are a lot of children in each group. - Minden csoportban sok
gyerek van.
So much/many, too much/many kifejezsek elfordulhatnak llt
mondatban is.
Q We use too much water. - Tl sok vizet hasznlunk.
2. little s few jelentse: kevs" (a much s a many ellenttes
jelents prja)
little +nem megszmllhat fnv
Q little time
little money
few +megszmllhat fnv tbbes szmban
Q few cars
few children
Gyakran nyomatkostjuk az only szval.
Q There were only few people at the concert. - Csak kevesen voltak
a koncerten.
3. a little jelentse: egy kevs"
a few jelentse: egy nhny"
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Pronouns - Nvmsok
O Amg a little/few inkbb negatv rtelm, az a little / a few pozitv
rtelm.
Q We have little money. (We can't buy this book now.) - Kevs pnznk
van.
We have a little money. (You can choose something for yourself.)
- Van egy kis pnznk.
We have few books. (So we often go to the library.) - Kevs knyvnk
van.
We have a few books. (We can hardly find enough place for them.)
- Van egy j nhny knyvnk.
1
r\ Hasznlja a mondatba ill szt (much-many, little-few; a
\ J Iittle-a few, a lot of / lots of)\
Give the appropriate word (much-many; little-few, a little-
a few, a lot of / lots of).
1. You're having a coffee again! How................... cups of coffee do
you drink a day?
2. Although the question was very easy,................... boys were able
to answer it.
3. There isn't...................news in the papers today.
4. Last summer I stayed with my grandmother for................... days.
5. I haven't slept...................for two weeks, as I'll have to finish some
job by this Sunday.
6. I don't believe you're still hungry. You've eaten................... food.
7. I saw your girlfriend in front of the supermarket just...................
minutes ago.
8. Not................... old people like rap music.
9. How................... times have you broken your wrist?
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Pronouns - Nvmsok
10.You don't have to water the grass right now. There was
................... rain last night.
11. it was very cold and there were only..............swimmers in the pool.
12. It's not healthy to eat your food with too................... salt in it.
13. There wasn't.................traffic on the road to Salisbury.
14. In Britain there are so................... TV programmes about gardens,
houses and decorations.
15. The rescue team didn't have.............hope after a week of search.
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Gerund, Infinitive and Participle
7. Gerund, Infinitive and Participle
Q Az angolban az ige utn ll cselekvst jelent sz (teht egy jabb
ige) vagy-ing vgzdssel vagy fnvi igenvi alakban ll.
B / like swimming. - Szeretek szni.
I want to swim. - szni akarok.
Hogy mikor melyiket hasznljuk, az az els igtl fgg.
A leggyakoribb igk amelyek utn Gerund (az ige -ing vgzds
alakja) ll:
admit doing
avoid doing
consider doing
deny doing
like/dislike doing
love/hate doing
enjoy doing
finish doing
keep doing
mind doing
practice doing
prefer doing ...to doing-
resist doing
risk doing
stop doing
suggest doing
can't help doing
can't stand doing
elismer
elkerl
mrlegel
tagad
szeret / nem szeret
nagyon szeret / utl
lvez, szeret
befejez
folyamatosan/tovbb csinl
kifogsa van ellene
gyakorol
szvesebben csinl, jobban szeret valamit
valaminl
ellenll
kockztat (azt kockztatja, hogy valami
meg fog trtnni)
abbahagy
javasol
nem tudja megllni
ki nem llhat
95
Q / enjoy listening to music. - Szeretek zent hallgatni.
Would you mind opening the window? - Kinyitnd az ablakot?
I hate answering the phone. - Utlom, hogy nekem kell felvenni
a telefont.
It was so funny when he fell that I couldn't help laughing. - Olyan
vicces volt, amikor elesett, hogy nem brtam ki nevets nlkl.
Children today prefer watching television to reading. - A gyerekek
ma jobban szeretnek tvt nzni, mint olvasni.
o Az -ing vg alakok helyesrsi szablyait lsd az Igeidk cm
fejezetben, a folyamatos jelen id hasznlatnl!
1
A megadott igk Gerund alakjval egsztse ki a
mondatokat!
Complete the sentences with the Gerund form of the verbs
given.
drive get up hit laugh
look at miss move steal
play run
1. I hate........................ early in winter because it's still dark outside.
2. My husband doesn't mind ............................. even in foggy
weather.
3. The policeman told the thief to stop but he kept...........................
4. His joke was so funny thut we couldn't stop...................................
5. As the kids want xo have their own rooms we're considering
............................into a bigger house.
6. If we don't start early enough, we risk .,
the plane.
7. He practiced
the violin all afternoon.
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8. Jack was so angry with me that he even avoided.......................me.
9. He admitted.........................the man but denied .........................
his wallet.
0
A leggyakoribb igk, melyek utn to +Infinitive (fnvi igenv) ll:
afford to do
agree to do
appear/seem to do
arrange to do
decide to do
demand to do
deserve to do
expect to do
fail to do
forget to do
hesitate to do
hope to do
learn to do
manage to do
need to do
offer to do
plan to do
prepare to do
pretend to do
promise to do
refuse to do
remember to do
- megengedheti magnak (anyagilag)
- belegyezik
- gy tnik, ltszik
- elrendez, elintz
- eldnt
- kvetel
- megrdemel
- vr, szmt valamire
- elmulaszt
- elfelejt / nem jut eszbe megcsinlni
valamit
- vonakodik, haboz
- reml
- megtanul
- sikerl
- meg kell tenni, szksges
- felajnl
- tervez
- kszl
-gy tesz, tettet
-gr
- nem hajland megtenni
- eszbe jut, nem felejt el megcsinlni
valamit
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try to do
want to do
- megprbl
- akar
Q Don't forget to call me when you arrive. - Ne felejts el felhvni, ha
megrkeztl!
I didn't say hello to him as he pretended not to see me. - Nem
kszntem neki, mert gy tett, mintha nem venne szre.
I took a taxi as I wanted to be at home as fast as possible. - Taxival
mentem, mert minl gyorsabban otthon akartam lenni.
2
Egsztse ki a mondatokat a megadott igk fnvi igenvi
alakjval!
Finish the sentences with the infinitive forms of the verbs
given.
buy call clean drive
finish know lend see
spend tell
1. Our car has a big letter L on, as my brother is learning.................
2. We can't afford............................... a new car now, as my husband
doesn't have a job.
3. I was broke, so my friend offered........................ me some money.
4. I know the house doesn't look too nice now but Mrs Jones
promised................................it tomorrow.
5. We're planning............................... two weeks in Spain.
6. Jack finally decided............................... the truth.
7. Liz had to work long hours but she managed................................
the job on time.
8. "If you have any problem, don't hesitate................................,"said
the hotel receptionist.
9. I want................................that film. Will it be on tomorrow?
10. Many students have raised their hands. They all seem
................................the answer.
Q Az albbi igk utn Gerund vagy Infinitive egyarnt llhat
jelentsvltozs nlkl:
begin doing/to do - elkezd
start doing/to do - elkezd
continue doing/to do - folytat
intend doing/to do - szndkozik
Q When did it start raining/to rain? - Mikor kezdett el esni?
3
Hasznlja a zrjelben lev igket a megfelel Gerund vagy
Infinitive alakban!
Use the verbs in brackets in the right form: Gerund or
Infinitive.
1. My friend suggested (visit)................................the museum first.
2. He didn't get the job because he failed (arrive)................................
at the interview on time.
3. I hate (do) ................................the washing up, so I've decided
(buy)................................a dishwasher.
4. At what age did you start (learn)................................English?
5. My sister has studied so much for her exam. She deserves (pass)
................................it.
6. It was a very hard match but finally our team managed (win)
7. He's so unlucky. I can't help (feel) ................................ sorry for
him.
99
8. I couldn't resist (buy)................................these lovely ribbons for
your wedding dress.
9. When Ann was on the playground with her children, someone tried
(steal)............................... her handbag.
10. What do you intend (do)................................?
11. My ex-boyfriend wanted (talk)................................to me but I kept
(work)...............................and refused (listen)................................
to him.
12. Our teacher agreed (take)................................us on a three-day
trip in the mountains.
13. Did you remember (buy) ................................ flowers for your
mum's birthday?
14. When will you finish (work)................................on the computer?
15.1 wanted (borrow)................................my friend's bike, but she
said she needed it herself.
16. When we saw the fire, we started (put it out)................................
on our own. After a while we decided (call)................................the
fire brigade.
17. When Pat went to Hollywood, she was hoping (see)
................................someone famous in the street, but she didn't.
18.1 don't understand Physics. My friend promised (help)
me with it.
19. She never fails (call)................................her mother once a week.
20. As it was raining, Joe suggested (go)................................ to the
cinema instead of the beach.
21.1 was really embarrassed during the concert as I couldn't help
(cough)................................all the time.
22. Can you stop (talk)..............................? I'm trying to finish this
report.
23. My grandma enjoys (take)................................long walks every
afternoon.
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24.1 don't mind (be)..............................alone.
25. We can't afford (go)................................on holiday twice a year.
Az albbi esetekben szintn Gerund alakot hasznlunk
Ha a cselekvst kifejez sz:
1. elljrsz utn ll
Q He left without saying good-bye. - Kszns nlkl ment el.
Instead of going to school, little Johnny visited the zoo. - Iskola
helyett Jancsika az llatkertbe ment.
He's not interested in learning languages. - Nem rdekli a
nyelvtanuls.
What are the advantages of going by plane? - Mik az elnyei a
replnek?
2. prepozcis (vonzatos) igk utn ll
O When we went to the pub, Martin insisted on paying for the drinks.
- Amikor elmentnk srzni, Martin ragaszkodott hozz, hogy
fizet.
I overslept, so I had to apologize for being late. - Elaludtam, ezrt
bocsnatot kellett krnem a kssrt.
Have you ever thought of changing your job? - Gondoltl mr
arra, hogy llst vltoztatsz?
Akkor is ezt a szerkezetet hasznljuk, ha az ige s az elljrsz kz
egy trgy keldik.
Q Jack always accuses other people of not doing their jobs properly.
- Jack mindig azzal vdol msokat, hogy nem vgzik rendesen a
munkjukat.
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After the party I thanked my mother for helping so much. -
A buli utn megkszntem anyukmnak a sok segtsget.
O Figyelem!
A kvetkez igealakokban a to elljrsz, nem pedig a fnvi
igenv rsze, teht utna Gerund alakban ll az ige.
get used to / get accustomed to doing - hozzszokik
be used to / be accustomed to doing - hozz van szokva valamihez
look forward to doing - trelmetlenl vr
Q / can't get used to getting up early. - Nem tudok hozzszokni a
korn kelshez.
O rdemes megjegyezni, hogy a feel like - kedve van valamihez"
igealakban a like elljrsz, nem pedig ige.
Q / don't feel like going out tonight. - Ma este nincs kedvem elmenni
sehova.
3. az albbi kifejezsek utn:
be busy doing - valami nagyon lefoglalja
Q Ann was busy writing a report when I phoned. - Anna pp egy
jelentst rt, amikor telefonltam.
it's worth doing - rdemes
Q In this situation it's worth listening to other people's advice. -
Ebben a helyzetben rdemes meghallgatni msok tancst.
it's no use / it's no good doing - nincs rtelme
Q It's no use asking him again. - Nincs rtelme jra t megkrni.
102
there's no point in doing - nincs rtelme
Q It was 77o'clock at night; so there was no point in waiting for him
any longer. - jjel 77ra volt, nem volt rtelme tovbb vrni r.
have difficulty (in) doing - nehzsget okoz, nehezen tudja csinlni
Q His teachers have difficulty (in) reading his handwriting. - A
tanrai nehezen olvassk el a kzrst.
how about doing - mi lenne, mit szlnl hozz
G How about parking your car on the opposite side of the street? -
Parkolj az utca msik oldaln!
Fnvi igenvi (Infinitive) alakot hasznlunk az albbi esetekben is:
1. Mellknevek utn. Ide tartoznak a mellknvi szerepben ll
igenevek is.
G She was afraid to say anything. - Flt brmit is mondani.
I'm happy to see you. - rlk, hogy ltlak.
I'm sorry to hear that. - Sajnlattal hallom.
It was nice of you to invite me to the party. - Kedves volt tled,
hogy meghvtl a partira.
She was surprised to find the kids there. - Meglepdtt, hogy ott
tallta a gyerekeket.
2. Az ask somebody to do something tpus szerkezetekben
(trgyas igk utn, amikor a trgyat is megnevezem).
G They don't allow their children to stay up late. - Nem engedik
meg a gyerekeiknek, hogy ksig fennmaradjanak.
Everybody expects her to have a nice career. - Mindenki arra
szmt, hogy sikeres lesz.
Do you want me to help you? - Akarod, hogy segtsek?
103
3. A would like, would love, would prefer szerkezetek utn.
Q Would you like to drink something? - Krsz inni?
I'd love to have an MP3 player. - Nagyon szeretnk egy MP3
lejtszt.
4. Krdsz utn a kvetkez szerkezetben:
Q / don't know which dress to buy. - Nem tudom, melyik ruht
vegyem meg.
He taught his son how to drive a car. - tantotta meg a fit autt
vezetni.
5. Clhatrozi mellkmondat helyett.
Q She's going to England to improve her English. - Angliba megy,
hogy fejlessze a nyelvtudst.
She goes to a gym to keep fit. - Eljr egy tornaterembe edzeni.
4
Hasznlja a zrjelben lv igt a megfelel Gerund vagy
Infinitive alakban!
Give the right Gerund or Infinitive form of the verbs in
brackets.
1. I'm going for a ride on my bike. Would you like (come)
................................with me?
2. After (eat)................................ too much in the Xmas holiday, I'm
looking forward to (go)...........
............................out.
................... to the gym and (work)
3. I don't mind (cook)................ ............... the lunch today as long
as you're willing (tidy)............ .................. the kitchen afterwards.
4. Why did you want me (wait) ............................... for you?
5. I tried (open)........................... .... the window but it was too high
04
for me (reach).........................
6. Why don't you tell the children (play)................................in the
garden in such good weather?
7. We're free this afternoon. What do you suggest (do)
................................?
8. It was so noisy outside that the teacher asked the students (close)
................................the window.
9. I'm glad (see)................................you again. It's such a long time
since we last met.
10. Just go on (eat)................................your lunch. I can wait.
11 .The children are big enough (stay).............................. at home
on their own.
12. Can you show me how (switch on) ................................ the
washing machine?
13.1 can't help (sneeze).................................. I caught a cold at the
weekend.
14.Tell Joe (not lock)............................the door. I'm back in a minute.
15.1wouldn't like you (marry)................................that man. He's old
enough (be)................................your father.
16. My grandmother has such a lot of pain in her legs, that she has
difficulty (walk)................................without a stick.
17. What a surprise! I didn't expect (see)................................you here.
18. Remember (wash)................................your hands before dinner.
19.lt was very difficult for the Hungarian water-polo team
(win)...............................the match against the Serbian team.
20. Don't forget (switch) ................................ off the lights before
(go)................................to bed.
21 .You must tell the children (brush).............................. their teeth
after each meal.
22. In June 2002, Southwest Airlines announced that they would start
(force)................................fat people (buy)..................................
two seats on airplanes.
23.1told him (not worry)................................about what happened.
105
a
24. I'd like (go out)................................tonight. I need some time off
work.
25. Leslie is training hard. He hopes (become)................................ a
champion swimmer one day.
26. The Millers found it difficult (live)..............................in a house
with only one bathroom.
27. Before (go)................................home she cleaned her desk.
28. There's no point in (have) .............................. a house with a
garden if you don't want (look after) ................................ the
garden.
29.1 planned (walk) ................................ to the station but my
colleague insisted on (give)................................me a lift.
30.This gadget is for (open)................................bottles.
Q Az albbi szerkezetekben a fnvi igenv to nlkl ll.
1. a let ige utn (let somebody do something - hagyni, hogy csinljon
valamit)
Q Let them come as well. - Hadd jjjenek k is!
Why don't you let your son have long hair? - Mirt nem engeded
meg a fiadnak, hogy hossz haja legyen?
2. a mveltets egyik fajtjban: make somebody do something
- valakivel csinltat valamit
Q My brother always makes me do his homework in English. - A test
vrem mindig velem csinltatja meg az angolleckjt.
3. rzkelst jelent igk (see, hear, feel, smell), tovbb a listen to,
notice, find, watch igk utn
Q / heard him come home. - Hallottam, hogy hazart.
106
O Figyelem! Ha a fenti igk szenved szerkezetben llnak, a fnvi
igenv to-val ll utnuk.
Q At the boarder we were made to hand over our passports. -
A hatron t kellett adnunk az tlevelnket.
The old man was seen to leave the building. - Lttk, hogy az ids
ember elhagyta az pletet.
Az rzkelst jelent, illetve a listen to, notice, find, watch igk utn
a cselekvst -ing vg igvel is kifejezhetjk (ez itt Participle).
rnyalatnyi jelentsbeli klnbsg van:
- fnvi igenv esetn a cselekvs lezrtsgt,
- Participle esetn a folyamatossgt hangslyozzuk
Q / saw him cross the street. - Lttam, hogy tment az ton.
I saw him crossing the street. - Lttam, amint megy t az ton.
A help ige utn a fnvi igenv llhat to-val vagy to nlkl.
Q After the party I helped my friend (to) clean the room. - A buli
utn segtettem a bartomnak kitakartani.
Q Ne felejtsk el, hogy a segdigk utn is fnvi igenv ll, n
melyikk utn to-val, legtbbjk utn viszont to nlkl!
Q Would you speak up a bit? I can't hear you. - Beszlne egy kicsit
hangosabban? Nem hallom.
May I go to the cinema? - Elmehetek moziba?
I will carry it for you. - Majd n viszem.
I had to answer all the questions. -Az sszes krdsre vlaszolnom
kellett.
Q Fnvi igenv to nlkl ll a kvetkez kifejezsekben:
would rather do - inkbb, szvesebben csinl
had better do - jobban tenn
107
B Id rather cook the meal (than do the washing-up). - Inkbb
fzk, (mint mosogatok.)
His leg hurts. He'd better not play football today. - Fj a lba.
Jobb lenne, ha ma nem jtszana.
Tegye ki a fnvi igenv el a to szt, ahol szksges!
Give the word to in front of the infinitive where necessary.
1. My father refused.......lend me his car so I had.........take the bus
to town.
2. What do you want me.......do?
3. My brother always makes me.......do the washing-up for him.
4. Why don't you let him.......go biking with his friends?
5. You mustn't.......touch the dogs you meet in the street. They may
.......bite.
6. Your car makes a strange noise. You had better.......take it to the
garage.
7. They'd like.......sell their old car.
8. His parents don't allow Jimmy.......watch TV after 9 o'clock in the
evening.
9. I'm sorry I forgot.......post your letter.
10.1liked both T-shirts, and I couldn't.......decide which one........ buy.
11. If you ask me, I'd rather.......choose the green jacket.
12. She didn't go to Paris.......seethe Eiffel Tower but........learn French.
13.1 need.......talk to my father. He may.........be able.........help me
.......solve the problem.
14. Tim asked me.....help him with his homework in German. But it
turned out that he only wanted me.......give him the answers. He
didn't let me.......explain anything.
15. They've arrived finally. I can hear their car.....stop in front of the
house.
108
Participle - Mellknvi igenv
Q Az angol nyelvben is ltezik a mellknvi igenvnek folyamatos s
befejezett alakja.
A folyamatos mellknvi igenv (Present Participle) az ige -ing
vgzds alakja.
A befejezett mellknvi igenv (Past Participle) az ige 3. alakja.
A folyamatos mellknvi igenevet hasznljuk:
1. jelzknt
a) ha egytag, a jelzett fnv eltt ll
Q running water - foly vz
crying baby - sr csecsem
b) ha sszetett (teht egy egsz szerkezet), akkor a jelzett fnv utn
ll
Q the boy standing by his mother - az anyja mellett ll fi
2. go/come ige utn fizikai tevkenysget jelent igkkel
B go skating/swimming/jogging etc. - korcsolyzni/szni/futni megy
We've decided to go skiing this winter. - gy dntttnk, hogy
megynk selni a tlen.
3. rzkelst jelent igk utn (lsd elbb!)
B / heard him singing in the bathroom. - Hallottam, hogy nekel a
frdszobban.
A befejezett mellknvi igenevet hasznljuk:
jelzknt
a) ha egytag, a jelzett sz eltt ll
B a stolen camera - lopott fnykpezgp
a well written composition - jl megrt fogalmazs
109
b) ha sszetett (a szenved szerkezet rvidtseknt) a jelzett sz
utn
Q a book written by Dickens - Dickens ltal rott knyv
O A mellknvi igenv egyb hasznlatt lsd a Mellknevek cm
fejezetben!
6
Keresse meg az A oszlop tagmondatainak folytatst a B
oszlopban!
Match the beginning of the sentences in column A with the
ends in column B.
A
1. Little Mary can draw well and hopes ...
2. I couldn't help ...
3. Liz is too young ...
4. Her Mum made Jane ...
5. We're broke now and can't afford ...
6. I hate ...
7. I'm sorry I'm busy. Would you mind ...
8. Do you know how ...
9. Did you see them ...
10. You're driving too fast. I think you should ...
B
a) correct all her mistakes,
b) coming back later?
c) to open this box?
d) to become an artist one day.
e) slow down a bit.
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C

"
s
j
f) to cross the street on her own.
g) leave the shop?
h) to buy the car this year.
i) noticing that she was crying.
j) tidying my room.
1........ 2........ 3........ 4........ 5.
6........ 7........ 8........ 9........ 10.
Fejezze be a mondatokat Gerund vagy Infinitive szerkezettel!
A msodik mondat jelentse azt, mint az els!
Finish the sentences with a Gerund or Infinitive construction.
Your sentence should mean the same as the original one.
B The headmaster's decision was difficult for them to accept.
They had difficulty accepting the headmaster's decision.
1. After landing the stewardess said "Would all passengers leave the
plane through the front door?"
The stewardess asked.......................................................................
2. I can't dance. I learnt English waltz from Mary.
Mary taught me how........................................................................
3. My parents are very keen on walking in the woods.
My parents enjoy..............................................................................
4. "I'm sorry I'm late," Phillip said.
Phillip apologised for........................................................................
5. "Be quiet," the teacher says to her students.
The teacher wants............................................................................
6. Peter went to Rome because he wanted to see the Colosseum.
Peter went to Rome..........................................................................
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7. Two boys started to argue about something unimportant but the
teacher stopped them.
The teacher didn't let.......................................................................
8. The clown was very funny. All the children in the circus laughed.
The clown made...............................................................................
9. I asked Tom and he said he'd cut the grass for me.
Tom agreed.......................................................................................
10. What are your plans for the future?
What do you intend..........................................................................
11. Is it all right if I open the window?
Do you mind me...............................................................................
12. Can you answer the door, please? I'm busy.
Would you mind...............................................................................
13. Would you like to see the Dali exhibition?
Would you be interested in..............................................................
14. He switched off the computer and left the room.
After..................................................................................................
15. He left the restaurant but he didn't pay the bill.
He left the restaurant without.........................................................
16. You are a very clever boy. You'll be able to do it by yourself.
You are clever enough......................................................................
17. It is very cloudy. We can't see the other shore across the lake.
It's too cloudy...................................................................................
18. They saw the footballer kick another player.
The footballer was seen....................................................................
19.1 prefer playing tennis to watching it on TV.
I'd rather...........................................................................................
20. You shouldn't smoke any more if you want to do sports.
You should stop................................................................................
a
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Auxiliaries and Modal verbs - Segdigk
8. Auxiliaries and Modal verbs - Segdigk
Q Az angol nyelvben a segdigknek kt tpusa ltezik.
-Az egyik tpus (Auxiliary) szerepe az, hogy lehetv tegye az
egyes igeidk, illetve krd s tagad alakok megformlst.
-A msik tpusba (Modal verbs) azok a segdigk tartoznak,
melyek valamilyen tovbbi jelentst adnak az igealaknak (pl.
szksgessg, kpessg, knyszer, valsznsg, stb.).
Auxiliaries
1. be
Folyamatos alakok kpzsre szolgl, ragozott alakja a cselekv
szmt s szemlyt fejezi ki.
a) Az albbi mondatokban folyamatos jelen idej alakot kpeztnk
vele:
Q They are building a new school in the suburbs. - j iskolt
ptenek a klvrosban.
She isn't (is not) wearing glasses in this photo. - Ezen a kpen
nem visel szemveget.
b) Folyamatos mlt idej alakban:
Q / was working all day last Saturday. - Mlt vasrnap egsz nap
dolgoztam.
The musicians were playing a beautiful tune when Joe dropped
his keys. - A zenszek pp egy nagyon szp dallamot jtszottak,
amikor Joe leejtette a kulcst.
c) Szenved szerkezet kpzshez is ezt a segdigt hasznljuk.
Q The packet will be delivered only next Monday. - A csomagot
csak jv htfn kzbestik.
113
What is this tool called in English? - Ezt a szerszmot hogy
hvjk angolul?
2. do
Egyszer jelen idben a krd s tagad alak lltmny
megformlsra szolgl (egyes szm 3. szemlyben: does).
Q How do you go to school? - Hogy szoktl iskolba menni?
Jennifer doesn't (does not) like beef stew. - Jennifer nem szereti a
marhaprkltet.
Egyszer mlt idej krds s tagads megformlsra a mlt idej
alak szolgl : did.
Q Why didn't you call me back last night? - Mirt nem hvtl vissza
tegnap este?
Did you have a nice holiday? -J l nyaraltl?
3. have
A befejezett jelen id (Present Perfect) kpzsre szolgl (egyes
szm 3. szemlyben: has).
Q We Ve (we have) already been up the tower. - Mi mr voltunk fnn
a toronyban.
David has finally found a teaching job in the USA. - Dvid vgl
tallt magnak tanri llst az Egyeslt llamokban.
A fenti igk figeknt is hasznlhatak.
Q David is a teacher. - Dvid tanr.
I never do the shopping during the week. - Ht kzben soha nem
n vsrolok.
Ben has a dog. - Bennek van egy kutyja.
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1
Egsztse ki a mondatokat a be/do/have segdige megfelel
alakjval!
Fill in the gaps with the right form of the following
auxiliaries: be/do/have.
1. What will happen if you............... not arrive at work on time?
2. "When................you start doing aerobics?" "Two years ago."
3. "When........you have aerobic classes?" "Every Monday and Friday."
4. "Why................ you learning to cook?" "I ................ getting
married next month and I ................not know how to cook."
5................... you meet anybody coming home from school?
6. Hungarian people................not drink tea with milk.
7. I ................booked a table at the Greek restaurant for tonight.
8................... your girlfriend ever invite you for a coke?
9. J ack............... not turn up at the meeting yesterday.
10. Please,..............not disturb him now. He................. having a nap.
11 .We.............. not been to a concert since May.
12. My mother............. not let me put posters on the walls in my room.
13. She............. just had a shower. Her hair is wet.
14.................they paid the rent yet?
15. When we arrived at the station, she...........already waiting for us.
16.The bridge that connects San Francisco and Oakland ................
called Bay Bridge.
17.These days very few students................not know how to use a
computer.
18 ...............the door locked when you got home?
19 ...............your teacher told you your grades?
20.1................meeting my new boss tomorrow, so wish me good luck.
21.................not forget to invite Jill to the party, too.
22. We................having an English class when a bee flew through
the open window.
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0
23. How much time i time................you need to learn these words?
you been informed about the time of the course yet? 24..
25.1 told to wait outside.
Modal verbs
can (+fnvi igenv to" nlkl)
1. Kpessget fejez ki, valaki tud valamit csinlni" jelentsben.
Q Anna can read beautifully. - Anna nagyon szpen tud olvasni.
"Can you play the guitar?" "Yes, I can. / No, I can't." - Tudsz
gitrozni?"Igen. / Nem."
a) Tagad alakja: cannot =can't
Q He's a baby. He can't speak. - mg kisbaba. Nem tud beszlni.
b) Mlt idej alakja: could
A mltban meglv ltalnos kpessg kifejezsre szolgl.
Q / could swim when I was 5 years old. - t ves koromban
tudtam szni.
Ha azonban erfeszts vagy kpessg ltal elrt valamilyen
mltbeli teljestmnyrl van sz, a was/were able to +infinitive
alakot hasznljuk.
Q He was able to swim across before he collapsed. - Sikerlt
tsznia a tlpartra, mieltt eljult.
c) Jv idben hasznlhat a can s a will be able alak is.
Q l/l/e won't be able to see that film because we have to leave
right now. - Nem fogjuk tudni megnzni azt a filmet, mert
azonnal indulnunk kell.
They can't come tomorrow. - k nem tudnak holnap jnni.
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Minden ms igeidben a be able to do alakot hasznljuk.
Q / have been able to drive since I was 19.-19 ves korom ta
tudok vezetni.
d) A can segdige feltteles md alakja : could
Q If it was nice, we could go swimming. - Ha j id lenne,
szhatnnk egyet.
Krd mondatban a could segdigvel udvarias krst is
kifejezhetnk.
Q Could you answer the phone, please? - Felvenn a telefont? /
Legyen szves, vegye fel a telefont!
2. Engedlyt is kifejezhetnk vele (can = be allowed to).
Q "You can watch this film," mother says to her son. - Megnzheted
ezt a filmet - mondja az anya a finak.
"Can I go to the party on Saturday7" - Elmehetek a buliba
szombaton7
3. Valsznsget, lehetsget is kifejez.
Q A house in London can cost a fortune. - Egy hz Londonban egy
vagyonba kerlhet.
These can't be your glasses. You're wearing yours! - Ez nem lehet
a te szemveged. A tid rajtad van!
2
A can - can't kifejezsek felhasznlsval alkosson
mondatokat!
Make sentences using the modal verbs can - can't with the clues.
Q mobile phones/translate sentences
Mobile phones can't translate sentences.
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1. chefs / cook very well
2. sad people/laugh
3. a mobile phone /send messages
4. computers/check spelling
5. MP3 players/hear
6. babies/walk
7. birds/fly
8. phones / have conversations
9. an answering machine/talk
10. CD players / play music
3
Hasznlja a megfelel segdigt (could - was/were - able to)
llt, krd vagy tagad alakban!
Use the appropriate modal verb (could - waslwere - be able
to) in the affirmative, interrogative or negative.
1. I ................... understand a lot more German when I was young.
2...........................you answer the phone for me please?
3. However hard he tried he................lift the heavy boy by himself.
4. Adam.......................play the violin when he was nine.
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Auxiliaries and Modal verbs - Segdigk j
5. The questions were so difficult that most students.......................
answer them.
6. He didn't agree with me first but I .......................convince him I
was right.
7. Though we had to run fast, we......................catch the bus.
8. I saw Peter on the other side of the street. He was trying to say
something but I ................... hear him as the street was so noisy.
9. I knew something was wrong because I ...................... smell
something burning.
10. After ten years of saving money the Millers................buy a car.
4
Tegye az idhatrozkat a mondatba, s vgezze el a
szksges talaktsokat!
Use the time expressions in the sentences and make the
necessary changes.
Q He can speak Polish fluently now. (when he was 5)
He could speak Polish fluently when he was 5.
I can't get to the bank, (so far)
I haven't been able to get to the bank so far.
1. Marion can drive a car. (when she was 18 years old)
2. I'm sorry but the doctor can't see you right now. (until tomorrow
afternoon)
3. Tom finds that he can understand Spanish better than he can speak
it. (when he first went to Spain)
4. We can't see that play, (if we don't book seats soon)
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5. This is all the information I can get now. (so far)
6. I can see very well, (as nobody was sitting in front of me in the theatre)
7. Even the weakest students can complete the exercise, (as they were
allowed to look at their notes)
8. Mrs Jones can't buy all the food she needs, (yet)
9. I can't tell you what to do. (if I knew what to do)
10. You can speak English well, (by the time you finish this course)
Egsztse ki a msodik mondatot gy, hogy jelentse
megegyezzen az els mondatval! Hasznlja a can illetve a
be able to megfelel alakjt!
Complete the second sentences in a way that they mean the
same as the first ones. Use the right form of can or be able to.
1. Holidays abroad aren't always expensive.
Holidays abroad.......................................................... quite cheap.
2. You live very far so I can't visit you very often.
If you didn't live so far.................................................. more often.
3. Will you let me use your phone, please?
.................................................. I use your phone please?
4. He managed to leave Europe before the war began.
He.............................................................. before the war began.
5. It was impossible for me to get into the house as I didn't have my
keys with me.
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I ....................................... get into the house as I didn't have my
keys with me.
6. Jill is an excellent handball player.
J ill........................................................................ very well.
7. Excuse me, will you open the window?
Excuse me,......................................................................................?
8. It is impossible that it is Mary at the door, She's in France now.
It.................................................Mary at the door. She's in France.
9. John can fly a plane. He learnt it when he was in the army.
J ohn...........................................a plane since he was in the army.
10. Is it all right if I ask you a question?
.......................................................ask you a question?
must s have to - a szksgessg kifejezse
1. must + fnvi igenv to" nlkl
Ers knyszert vagy nyomatkos tancsot fejez ki jelen s jv
idben.
Q / must go now. - Mennem kell.
You must come to see us when you're in town. - Felttlen ltogass
meg bennnket, ha a vrosban jrsz!
Must you leave so early? - Muszj ilyen korn elmenned?
Q Tagad alakja: a must not = mustn't tiltst fejez ki (=nem szabad),
nem pedig a knyszer hinyt (=nem kell).
Q You mustn't smoke in here. - Itt bent nem szabad dohnyozni.
We mustn't be late. - Nem szabad elksnnk.
A nem kell/szksges valamit megtenni" tartalmat a needn't +
fnvi igenv vagy a don't/doesn't have to +fnvi igenv
fejezi ki.
121
Q You needn't answer all the questions. / You don't have to answer
all the questions. - Nem kell az sszes krdsre vlaszolnod.
Mivel sem fnvi igenvi, sem mlt idej alakja nincs, minden
egyb igeidben s szerkezetben a have to megfelel alakjt
hasznljuk.
Q / felt I had to do it. - gy reztem, muszj megtennem.
Next summer we will have to come back here. - Jv nyron
felttlenl vissza kell ide jnnnk.
2. have to + fnvi igenv
Valakinek kell valamit csinlni" jelentsben hasznljuk minden
igeidben.
Egyes szm 3. szemly alakja: has
Krd s tagad alakjt a do/does segdigvel kpezzk.
Q You don't have to get up yet. - Mg nem kell felkelned.
Judy has to do all the housework during the week. - Htkznap
Juditnak kell elvgeznie az sszes hzimunkt.
They had to do it alone. - Egyedl kellett megcsinlniuk.
I'll have to leave in a few minutes. - Nhny perc mlva indulnom
kell.
3. must s have to
Jelen idben van a kett kztt nmi jelentsbeli klnbsg,
must: a beszl szempontja szerinti, a beszltl jv knyszer
have to: kvlrl jv knyszer vagy szksgszersg
Q / must go now. - Mennem kell. (Nem rek r tovbb vagy fradt
vagyok.)
I have to go now. - Mennem kell. (Elmegy az utols buszom.)
You must go now. - Menned kell. (Az akarom, hogy menj.)
You have to go now. - Menned kell. (Klnben leksed a vonatot.)
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6
Tagadja a kvetkez mondatokat!
Make the following sentences negative.
1. The little girl has to come with us.
2. He must use a calculator for the Physics test.
3. We have to get up early at the weekend.
4. At university students have to take physical education classes for
three semesters.
5. Our guests from Budapest had to change trains on the way here.
6. I have to complete the form on my own.
7. We've had to rewrite our essay twice.
8. If they arrive late, they'll have to wait an hour for the next train.
9. If you have a common cold, you must stay in bed for a week.
10. We had to pay for the concert tickets.
11. An air hostess has to work at home.
12. You have to get a visa if you want to go to Spain.
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7
Egsztse ki a mondatokat a must vagy a have to segdige
megfelel alakjval! Nhny esetben mindkett hasznlhat.
Complete the sentences with must or have to in the correct
form. Sometimes it is possible to use either form.
1. "You............................be home by 10 o'clock," my mum told me.
2. How long (you)................................wear glasses?
3. We couldn't repair the roof. We............................call a carpenter.
4. I'm sorry I can't come to your wedding at the weekend. I
............................go away on business.
5. Kids, you (not)............................touch the cooker. It's hot.
6. Last night my son had such high fever that we............................
call the doctor.
7. Jack hasn't been able to have a restful weekend for a while, as he
............................work every Saturday for two months.
8. Sheila (not)............................get up early, but as she can't sleep
long she usually does.
9. You..................see the French Impressionist exhibition. It's great.
10. How many chapters (you).................read for the previous class?
11 .That man is a porter. He.......... carry hundreds of suitcases every day.
12. Look at the time. We...................... finish it now.
13. You (not)..........................be rich to be happy but it helps.
14. John................do the housework on his own since his wife left him.
15.1............................answer this letter right away. It's urgent.
8
Egsztse ki a mondatokat a must vagy a have to segdigk
llt vagy tagad alakjaival!
Complete the sentences with affirmative or negative form of
must or have to.
124
1. "Do you want me to do it completely on my own?" "No, you
................do it all by yourself, but I can help you only in an hour."
2. In most public schools in Hungary you................wear a uniform.
3. You.......................see this film if you get the chance.
4. Doctors in Hungary.......................work long hours.
5. You.......................frighten your little brother with that lion.
6. Accountants.......................be very good at maths.
7. You.......................do the washing up, we have a dishwasher.
8. Waiters.......................spill food on the customers' dresses.
9. You.......................use your mobile phone on a plane during take
off and landing.
10. Stars.......................worry about what to wear in a show. Stylists
make this decision.
should + fnvi igenv (to" nlkl)
Kellene valamit csinlnia" jelentsben tancsot fejeznk ki vele. Krd
s tagad alak lltmnyt is kpezhetnk vele.
Q You should stop smoking. - Le kellene szoknod a dohnyzsrl.
Shouldn 't (should not) the kids be in bed by now? - A gyerekeknek
ekkorra nem kellene gyban lennik?
Gyakran hasznljuk az albbi szerkezetben:
I think you should ... - szerintem kellene
I don't think you should ... - szerintem nem kellene
B / don't think you should phone her. - Szerintem nem kellene
felhvnod.
Helyette ought to + fnvi igenv szerkezet is hasznlhat.
B You ought to stop smoking.
Jane ought not to drink any more coffee. She won't be able to sleep.
-Jane-nek nem kellene tbb kvt innia. Nem fog tudni aludni.
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9
Egsztse ki a mondatokat a should vagy a have to segdige
llt vagy tagad alakjval!
Complete the sentences with the affirmative or negative
forms of the modal verbs should or have to.
1. Every music student......................practice for three hours a day.
2. You.................................smoke in the kitchen.
3. You................................ring the bell, I have got a key.
4. He.................................leave home at 6 o'clock every morning to
arrive at work on time.
5. You look a bit fat, you.................................go on a diet.
6. It wasn't my fault! You.................................look at me like that!
7. My friend doesn't look too good, she..........................sleep more.
8. I .................................collect the kids from the nursery this week.
My wife is away.
9. You.................................drive fast, we've got plenty of time.
10. Everybody.................................see the dentist twice a year to get
free treatments when needed.
11 .You......................drive so fast. There's a speed limit on this road.
12. Mary.................................come if she has something else to do.
13. You can't see the professor today. You...............................have
an appointment.
14. Ron has a fever. He ................................. be in the garden, he
.................................be in bed now.
15. You.................................eat your food with so much salt in it. It's
bad for you.
may + fnvi igenv (to" nlkl)
Engedly kifejezsre szolgl (szabad valamit csinlni") jelen idej
llt s krd alakban.
126
Q You may sit down now. - Most mr lelhettek.
May I go to the cinema? - Elmehetek moziba ?
O Az engedly megtagadsa tulajdonkppen tilts, teht tagadsa:
mustn't.
Q "May I go to the cinema?" "Yes, you may. / No, you mustn't."
Ugyanerre a be allowed to kifejezs tagad alakjt is hasznlhatjuk.
Q She isn't allowed to leave before we get home. - Nem mehet el,
mieltt mi hazarnk.
Tbbi igeidben: be allowed to kifejezs megfelel idej alakjt hasznljuk.
Q Were you allowed to go to the cinema? - Elengedtek a moziba?
Do you think you'll be allowed to go camping with your friends?
- Szerinted elengednek a bartaiddal kempingezni?
Udvarias krs kifejezsre is hasznlhatjuk.
Q May I get some more milk, please? - Kaphatok mg egy kis tejet?
Tegye a zrjelbe tett kifejezseket a mondatba, s
vgezze el a szksges talaktsokat!
Insert the words and phrases in brackets into the
sentences and make the necessary changes.
1. Mary may hire a clown for her birthday party, (last year)
2. Alison may stay out late at night, (not)
3. Students may enter the room, (well before the exam tomorrow)
4. Little Tommy may come home from school alone, (not yet)
127
5. Ben may play computer games, (since he learnt to read)
6. You may throw rubbish in the park, (not)
7. Students may use a calculator in Maths classes, (even in primary
schools in ten years' time)
8. Students may go to school without wearing a uniform, (not, when
I was at school)
9. Girls may wear a make-up at school, (not in this school)
10.1 may go to that rock festival on my own. (next year)
Valsznsg kifejezse
Q A valsznsg fokozatait klnbz segdigkkel tudjuk kifejezni.
Az albbi sor a legvalsznbbtl halad a legkevsb valszn fel:
must - may - might
1. must - minden bizonnyal" jelentsben
Q Tomdidn't come to school today. He must be ill. - Tomi nem jtt
ma iskolba. Biztos beteg.
A biztos nem" jelents kifejezsre a can't alakot hasznljuk.
Q He can't be ill. I've just seen him playing football in the park. - Nem
lehet beteg. Most lttam a parkban focizni.
2. may - lehet, hogy" jelentsben
Q Take an umbrella with you. It may rain this afternoon. - Vigyl
magaddal ernyt! Lehet, hogy esik dlutn.
128
Don't forget to take your keys. I may not be at home when you
get home. - Ne hagyd itthon a kulcsod! Lehet, hogy nem leszek
itthon, amikor hazarsz.
3. might - taln" jelentsben hasznljuk, gyakorlatilag alig tr el a
jelentse a may segdigtl; a cselekvs bekvetkezsnek
kisebb a valsznsge.
Q Pete might turn up at the party, but that's not very likely. - Mg
az is lehet, hogy Pter beugrik a buliba, de nem tl valszn.
11
A zrjelbe tett kifejezsek felhasznlsval rjon
mondatokat arrl, mi trtnhet ebben a helyzetben!
Hasznljon tagad alakokat, ahol szksges!
Make speculations about the following situations using the
clues in brackets. Use the negative form where necessary.
Q Someone is knocking at the door.
(not Peter) It can't be Peter.
(postman) It must be the postman.
(your son's friend) It may be your son's friend.
1. Mrs Parker wears something green every day.
(like green)
(her lucky colour)
2. Rick has just bought his wife a diamond ring,
(rich)
(love her a lot)
129
3. How old do you think my PE teacher is?
(around 35)
(not more than 40)
4. Why is Ms Lewis so angry?
(have to work overtime)
(not be happy about what you said)
5. Jim knows all about ancient Greek gods,
(read a lot)
(have a good memory)
2
Egsztse ki a mondatokat a must/can't/may/might/may
not segdigk egyikvel!
G Complete the sentences with the modals: must/can't/mayl
might/may not.
1. Don't go too near that dog. It............................bite.
2. The lights are on in the house. They............................be at home.
3. She leaves the onions on the side of her plate. She
............................like onions.
4. "What time is it?" "Well, we came at seven, and I'm sure we've been
here for at least an hour. So it................be around eight o'clock."
5. "We live in a small town." "That........................be very dull for your
kids." "It isn't at all. You can't imagine how much fun they have."
6. "What's that noise on the roof?" "It............................ be a bird."
"No, it............................be a bird. Birds don't run across the roof."
7. "Someone told me that Jane is getting married." "You're kidding.
That............................be true."
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8. Phil has just phoned and said that he's in a traffic jam and he
............................ be a couple of minutes late.
9. Steve ............................. be at the doctor's. Yesterday he
complained about a bad stomach-ache.
10. "Why isn't Sam coming to the cinema with us?" "I'm not sure but
he............................ have any money left."
11. "Are you going to invite your ex-boyfriend to the party?" "I'm not
sure yet, I .............................. "
12. "Where are you planning to go on holiday next summer?" "Well,
we haven't decided yet, but we............................go to Scotland."
13. Michael Schumacher............................win this race, he's only on
the forth place three laps before the end.
14. You've been driving all day. You............................ be exhausted.
15. "Why is Ann staying in her room alone?" "I don't know. She
............................ want to talk to anyone."
Mdbeli segdige felhasznlsval fejezze be a mondatokat!
Rewrite each sentence using a modal verb.
1. It's possible that our guests from Canada arrive late.

Our guests from Canada...................................................................
2. I think it would be a good idea to go and see a specialist.
I think you.........................................................................................
3. I'm sure there are a lot of visitors here in the summer.
There..................................................................................................
4. It's forbidden to park here.
You.....................................................................................................
5. Perhaps Mum is in the garden.
Mum..................................................................................................
6. I'm sure waiters are always very busy in this restaurant.
Waiters..............................................................................................
131
7. In Hungary it's necessary for every child between the age of 7 and
16 to go to school.
Every child between..........................................................................
8. I tried to phone you in the office but it was impossible for me to
get through.
I tried to phone you in the office but I .............................................
9. It wasn't necessary for me to work long hours.
I ..........................................................................................................
10. I'm sure they aren't abroad.
They...................................................................................................
11. Lisa is very good at dancing.
Lisa.....................................................................................................
12.1 insist that you help your father.
You.....................................................................................................
13. There's a chance that you'll need some help to finish the work.
You.....................................................................................................
14. I'm unable to remember the name of my first teacher.
15.1 managed to run the ten-mile distance, though I felt very tired
halfway through the race.
I ..........................................................................................................
16. It isn't a good idea to leave now.
You.....................................................................................................
17. They taught him to read and write at the age of five.
He......................................................................................................
18. David knows how to ride a horse.
David.................................................................................................
19. I'm absolutely sure that the result is not correct.
The result...........................................................................................
20. It isn't necessary for her to decide immediately.
She.....................................................................................................
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Tenses - Igeidk
9. Tenses - Igeidk
I. Present Simple - Egyszer jelen id
Q Kpzse
1. llt alak
az ige sztri alakja
Q / like tea with milk. - Szeretem a tet tejjel.
egyes szm 3. szemlyben az ige-s ragot kap
az -s, -eh, -sh, -x vg igken a rag -es
Q She likes tea with milk. - Szereti a tet tejjel.
She teaches English. - Angolt tant.
Q Egyb helyesrsi tudnivalkrl lsd a tbbes szmnl tanultakat!
2. tagad alak
alany + do not + fnvi igenv
egyes szm 3. sz. alany +does not +fnvi igenv
A segdigt a beszlt nyelvben ltalban sszevont alakban
hasznljuk:
do not =don't
does not =doesn't
Q / don't like tea with milk. - Nem szeretem a tet tejjel.
She doesn't like tea with milk. - Nem szereti a tet tejjel.
3. krd alak
A krd mondat szrendje az angolban mindig a kvetkez:
(krdsz) + segdige + alany + az lltmny tbbi rsze
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Tenses - Igeidk
Ebben az igeidben:
(krdsz) + do /does + alany + fnvi igenv
Eldntend krds
Do you like tea?
Does she like tea?
Rvid vlasz
Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
Kiegsztend krds (teht amelyikben van krdsz)
What do you like? - Mit szeretsz?
What does she like? - Mit szeret?
O Figyelem!
Alanyra krdezs esetn nem hasznlom a do/does segdigt.
Q Who likes tea with milk? - Ki szereti a tet tejjel?
Az albbi egyszer mondatra a kvetkez krdsek tehetk fel:
Peter loves Kate. - Pter szereti Katit.
Krds Vlasz
Does Peter love Kate? (Szereti Pter Katit?) Yes, he does.
Who does Peter love? (Kit szeret Pter?) He loves Kate.
Who loves Kate? (Ki szereti Katit?) Peter does.
Q Hasznlata
1. jelenben vgbemen, szoksos, ismtld cselekvs kifejezsre
63 We live in Szeged. - Szegeden lakunk.
They get up early on weekdays. - Htkznap korn kelnek.
He smokes a lot. - Sokat dohnyzik.
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Tenses - Igeidk
2. ltalnos rvny kijelentsekre vagy igazsgokra
Q The sun rises in the east. - A nap keleten kel fel.
3. menetrendben, titervben rgztett cselekvsek kifejezsre
Q My train leaves at 6:25 tomorrow morning. - Holnap reggel 6.25-
kor indul a vonatom.
1
Tagadja az albbi mondatokat!
Make negative sentences.
1. My father drives a Rolls Royce.
2. English children open their Xmas presents on Christmas Eve.
3. My younger brother speaks French.
4. Our lessons start at 7 o'clock in the morning.
5. I want to be an engineer.
6. We spend our holidays abroad.
7. I read my emails every day.
8. My teacher wants to take us to the zoo.
9. It often snows in London in winter.
10. Clothes tell us a lot about the person wearing them.
135
Tenses - Igeidk
Adja meg a zrjelbe tett igk megfelel - egyszer jelen
,idej, llt, krd vagy tagad - alakjt!
Give the right present simple form of the verbs in brackets:
affirmative, interrogative or negative.
1. It never (snow).................................in Africa.
2. (Sam/ live).................................in that house?
3. Jane (play).................................football very well.
4. My grandparents (not live)................................. in the same city
as we do.
5. What (you/want).................................to buy?
6. Sonia (look).................................like her sister.
7. Everybody (get).................................good grades in this group.
8. (bus No. 2 / stop)................................here?
9. Jennifer and her family really (hate)..........................watching TV.
10. They (sell)...............................very good coffee in this shop.
Q Gyakran hasznljuk az egyszer jelen idt gyakorisgot kifejez
hatrozszkkal:
1. always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely
Ezek a szavak llt mondatokban az alany s az lltmny kztt
llnak.
Q She usually walks to work. - Rendszerint gyalog jr dolgozni.
Krd s tagad mondatokban a fnvi igenv eltt llnak.
Q / don't always arrive on time. - Nem mindig szoktam pontosan rkezni.
Do you often watch television? - Gyakran nzel tvt?
2. ever/never
ever-krd mondatban hasznlatos (szoktl-e valaha" jelentsben)
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Tenses - Igeidk
Q Do you ever do the washing-up after lunch? - Ebd utn szoktl-e
mosogatni? / Van gy, hogy te mosogatsz ebd utn?
never - tagad rtelm, (soha" jelentsben)
Mivel az angolban nincs ketts tagads, utna llt alak lltmny ll.
Q / never read science fiction. - Soha nem olvasok tudomnyos
fantasztikus knyveket.
3. Egyb idhatrozk vagy a mondat legelejn vagy a vgn llnak.
Q At weekends Sue usually goes to see her grandparents.
Sue often goes to see her grandparents at weekends. - Htv
genknt Zsuzsa gyakran megltogatja a nagyszleit.
3
Tegye a szavakat megfelel sorrendbe!
Rearrange the words to make sentences.
1. ever / 6 o'clock / you / before / do / get up?
2. the / we / theatre / often / go / to
3. does / homework / Patrick / his / never
4. Austria / we / summer / to / go / in / usually
5. you / what time / bed / usually / to / go / do ?
6. tie / at / always / Mr Baker / wears / work / a
7. don't / ever / to / you / write / why / him?
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Tenses - Igeidk
8. afternoon / tennis / every / we / Friday / play
9. at / shopping / she / always / the / lunchtime / does
10.do / your / birthday / remember / you / always / girlfriend's?
4
Tegyen fel krdseket az alhzott mondatrszekre!
Ask questions about the underlined part of the sentence.
1. Jerry wants to be a professional tennis player.
2. These football boots belong to mv brother.
3. We live about three miles away.
4. I like this postcard.
5. He arrives at school at 7.25 every day.
6. I do the shopping in mv family.
7. Mv aunt is a nurse.
8. They usually meet outside the cinema.
9. Kate goes jogging twice a week.
10. Sam doesn't like action films.
138
Tenses - Igeidk
II. Present Continuous - Folyamatos jelen id
Q Kpzse
Ato be ltigejelen idej ragozott alakja +az ige-ing vgzds alakja.
1. llt alak
Q He is (He's) reading a magazine. - Folyiratot olvas ppen.
We are (We're) watching TV. - Tvt nznk.
2. tagad alak
Q He is not (isn't) reading a magazine. - nem olvas folyiratot ppen.
We are not (aren't) watching TV. - ppen nem nznk tvt.
3. krd alak
Q Is he reading a magazine? Yes, he is. / No, he isn't. - Folyiratot
olvas? Igen. / Nem.
What is he reading? - Mit olvas?
Are you watching TV? Yes, we are. / No, we aren't. - Tvt nztek?
Igen. / Nem.
What are you watching? - Mit nztek?
Az -ing vgzds alak helyesrsa:
1. a szvgi mssalhangz megkettzdik
a) az egy sztag, egy magnhangzt tartalmaz s egy mssal
hangzra vgzd szavakban
get - getting
stop - stopping
b) a kt sztag szavakban, ha a hangsly a msodik sztagra esik
begin - beginning
139
Tenses - Igeidk
c) a brit angolban a szvgi -I
travel - travelling
(amerikai angolban: traveling)
2. a szvgi nma -e kiesik
come - coming
dance - dancing
3. az -ie vg igk esetn ie ->y
lie - lying
Q Hasznlata
1. A beszd pillanatban trtn cselekvs kifejezsre (teht valaki
ppen most csinl valamit").
Gyakran nyomatkostjuk idhatrozval: now, at present, at the
moment.
Q They aren't listening. - Nem figyelnek.
Ben is doing his homework. - Ben a leckjt csinlja ppen.
It's raining. - Esik.
2. Olyan cselekvs kifejezsre, melyet ebben a pillanatban pp nem
csinlok, de mostanban igen, erre az idszakra jellemz cselekvs.
Q I'm reading a book by Jane Austen. - Egy Jane Austen-knyvet olvasok.
Rita is learning to drive. - Rita vezetni tanul.
3. Tervezett, kzeli jvben bekvetkez cselekvs kifejezsre, ha a
mondatban van jvre utal idhatroz.
Q We're doing the shopping this afternoon. - Ma dlutn vsrolni
fogunk.
4. Ha azt akarjuk hangslyozni, hogy a szoksostl eltren cseleksznk.
140
Tenses - Igeidk
S My mother usually drives me to school', but this week I'm going by
bus as she's away. - Rendszerint anyukm visz iskolba kocsival,
de ezen a hten busszal megyek, mert elutazott.
Hasznlja a zrjelben lv igket folyamatos jelenben!
Use the verbs in brackets in the Present Simple.
1. Peter (play)............................. computer games at the moment.
2. Jane (swim)............................. in the pool.
3. Everybody in the dorm (study)......................... for the History exam.
4. Our neighbours (pack) .............................. as they (move)
............................. to Australia.
5. Jenny, you (sit)............................. at my desk.
6. Sorry, I can't go now. I (write)............................. my speech.
7. Who (play)............................. the piano next door?
8. What (happen)......................... ? Why (we/ stop)..........................?
9. We (not study)............................. Chemistry at school this term.
10. The police (still / look for)............................. the robbers.
11 .The wind (blow).............................very heavily now.
12. It's very cold outside. I think it (freeze)...............................
13. "What is this smell?" "Mum (make)............................. a cake in the
kitchen."
14. Why (you / dig)............................. a hole in the garden?
15. Now I (begin)......................to understand the English tense system.
6
Hasznlja a zrjelbe tett igket a megfelel igeidben:
egyszer vagy folyamatos jelenben!
Use the verbs in brackets in the right tense: Present Simple or
Present Continuous.
1. I (wear) .............. glasses, that's why I (usually / sit)
at the front of the class.
141
Tenses - Igeidk
2. Can you stop talking? I (watch)............................. an interesting
programme on TV.
3. When Peter (finish).........................lunch, he (leave)..........................
the dirty dishes on the table.
4. This letter is not ready yet. I (still / write)............................. it.
5. (you / usually/dream)............................. at night?
6. Although he has a French surname he (not/come)..........................
from France and (not even / speak)............................. French.
7. Our dog (hate)............................. cats.
8. Banks (not / open)............................. on Sundays.
9. I (plan)............................. a surprise party for Ann. Can you help?
10. Can you answer the phone? I (clean)..............................the fish
tank and my hands are wet.
11 .When I (look)............................. out of my bedroom window I can
see a park.
12. Now some little boys (play)............................. football.
13. I'll be ready in a minute. I (just / brush)............................. my hair.
14. My car is very old but it (never / break down)................................
15. Listen to that noise. What (happen)............................. out there?
llapotot kifejez igk
Vannak olyan igk, amelyeket elsdleges jelentskben nem hasznlunk
folyamatos jelen idben. Ezek az igk llapotot fejeznek ki, az ltaluk
kifejezett cselekvst nem lehet folyamatosan vgezni. Ide tartoznak:
1. rzkelst jelent igk
hear, smell (valamilyen illatot raszt), see, taste (valamilyen z),
look/appear (valamilyennek ltszik)
2. rzelmi viszonyt kifejezk
like, love, hate/dislike, want, wish, prefer
142
Tenses - Igeidk E
3. szellemi tevkenysg eredmnyt jelent igk
remember, forget, think, know, understand, believe
4. birtoklst kifejez igk
have, own (birtokol), belong to (valaki, valakihez tartozik)
5. egyebek
exist (ltezik), cost (valamennyibe kerl), depend on (fgg
valamitl), need (szksge van valamire), mean (jelent)
A fenti igk egy rsznek azonban aktv jelentse is van. Ilyenkor
termszetesen hasznlhatjuk folyamatos alakban is.
look - nz" jelentsben
Q What are you looking at? - Mit nzel?
Q She looks sad. - Szomornak ltszik.
smell - megszagol" jelentsben
Q Why are you smelling this meat? - Mirt szagolgatod azt a hs?
Q It smells delicious. - Nagyon finom illata van.
taste - megkstol" jelentsben
Q She's not eating yet, she's just tasting the soup. - Mg nem eszik,
csak a levest kstolja meg.
O It tastes sour. - Savany (z).
think - gondolkodik, gondol valamire" jelentsben
Q What are you thinking about? - Mire gondolsz?
O I think it's too expensive. - Szerintem (az a vlemnyem, hogy) tl drga.
have - az albbi kifejezsekben nem birtoklst fejez ki
have a shower / a cigarette / a rest / a cup of coffee
143
Tenses - Igeidk
Q She can't talk to you now. She's having a shower. - Most nem tud
veled beszlni. ppen zuhanyozik.
Q / have a younger brother - Van egy csm.
7
Az albbi mondatok egy rszben rosszul hasznltuk az
igeidt. Javtsa ki a hibs mondatokat!
In some sentences the verb form is not correct. Correct the
mistakes.
1. He studies for his exam right now.
2. This cake is tasting delicious.
3. At the end of the film they finally fall in love.
4. Why are you leaving? Don't you enjoy the party?
5. Many people aren't believing in the future.
6. David is a painter and decorator. He works in a hotel lobby now.
7. What are you seeing at the end of the corridor?
8. Does your sister like what she is doing?
9. James is growing a beard now.
10. She's smelling everything before starting to eat.
8
Hasznlja a megfelel igeidt: egyszer vagy folyamatos jelen!
Use the right tense: Present Simple or Present Continuous.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
The kids (have) ...........................
every morning.
Hurry up. The taxi (wait)...............
Let's go home. It (get)..................
Those yellow roses (smell)............
How often (you / have).................
My grandma (come).....................
Please be quiet. Your father (have)
cornflakes for breakfast
..........for us.
......late.
............lovely.
.......parties?
. to see us this weekend.
..........................a rest.
144
Tenses - Igeidk
8. The British (not usually / drink) .................................... tea with
lemon but with milk.
9. My parents are in Spain now. They (have).................a great time.
10.1 (not / understand) .................................... Chemistry at all and
tomorrow we (write)................................... a test!
11.What is that smell? I (think) .................................... something
(burn)....................................in the kitchen.
12.1(go)....................................out to get a newspaper, (you / need)
....................................anything?
13. What (this word / mean)................................... ?
14. How many French lessons (you / have) .................................... a
week? How (you / get on)................................... ?
15. Don't wait for her. She (not/come)....................................with us.
Az angol igk hrom alakja
1. alak: az ige sztri alakja
2. alak: a mlt id
3. alak: befejezett mellknvi igenv
A szablyos igk 2. s 3. alakjt -ed hozzadsval kpezzk.
start - started - started
A szablyos alak helyesrsa
1. A szvgi nma-e kiesik.
like - liked - liked
hate - hated - hated
2. Az egy sztag, egy rvid magnhangzt tartalmaz, egy mssal
hangzra vgzd szavakban a szvgi mssalhangz megkettzdik.
stop - stopped - stopped
145
Tenses - Igeidk
Ugyanez a szably rvnyes azokra a tbb sztag szavakra,
amelyekben az utols, hangslyos sztagban van egy magn
hangz s egy szvgi mssalhangz.
prefer - preferred - preferred
A brit angolban a szvgi -I megkettzdik.
travel - travelled - travelled
3. A mssalhangz utn ll y >i-re vltozik.
carry - carried - carried
Q play - played - played
Q A rendhagy igk esetn ilyen szablyszersg nincs, minden
alakot kln meg kell tanulni.
go - went - gone
run - ran - run
think - thought - thought
cost - cost - cost
9
Adja meg a hinyz alakokat!
Give the missing forms.
Infinitive Past Tense Past Participle
1. run ...............................................................
2 ............................ rose ........................
3 ................................................................... made
4 ........................... felt ........................
5. lie (fekszik) ...............................................................
6 ................................................................... left
7 ......................... ......................................... rung
8 ........................... drove ........................
9 ........................... flew ........................
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Tenses - Igeidk
10. meet ..................................................
11.................................................................... stolen
12. teach ..................................................
13 ......................... hurt ..........
14 ................................................................. seen
15 ......................... took ..........
16 ................................................................. worn
17. shine .................................................
18. break .................................................
19 ......................... ate ..........
20 ................................................................. ridden
21.cost .................................................
22 ......................... froze ..........
23 ................................................................. grown
24 ......................... hid ..........
25. shoot .................................................
26. lay .................................................
27 ......................... spent ..........
28 ................................................................. stood
29.think .................................................
30............................ fed ..........
III. Simple Past - Egyszer mlt id
Q Kpzse
1. llt alak: az ige mlt idej ( azaz 2.) alakja
S / went to the cinema yesterday. - Tegnap moziba mentem.
2. tagad alak: did segdigvel
alany +did not (didn't) +fnvi igenv to" nlkl
Q / didn 't go to the cinema yesterday. - Nem mentem tegnap moziba.
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Tenses - Igeidk
3. krd alak
(krdsz +) did +alany +fnvi igenv to" nlkl
Q Did you go to the cinema yesterday? Yes, I did. / No, I didn't. -
Elmentl tegnap moziba? Igen. / Nem.
Where did you go yesterday? - Hova mentl tegnap?
O Alanyra krdezs esetn nem hasznljuk a did segdigt.
Q Who went to the cinema yesterday? - Ki ment moziba tegnap?
Q Hasznlata
1. Olyan, a mltban lezajlott cselekvst jell, melynek a jelennel nincs
kapcsolata. A mondatban gyakran mlt idre utal idhatroz ll.
yesterday
last week/month/year
in 1990
Q Donna visited her relatives in the USA last summer. - Donna tavaly
nyron megltogatta a rokonait az USA-ban.
2. Mltbeli, szoksos, ismtld cselekvs kifejezsre szolgl.
Q She woke up every night at 2 o'clock till the age of three. - Hrom
ves korig minden jszaka 2-kor felbredt.
Az albbi egy amerikai tindzser tipikus napja volt 15
vvel ezeltt. Tegye a megadott igket mlt idbe!
This is an account of a typical day for an American teenager
15 years ago. Use the verbs in brackets in the past.
This is what a day (1. be) ............................. like when I (2. be)
......................a teenager. My mom and dad (3. get up).........................
at 6.30, and Mom (4. make).............................breakfast for all of us.
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Tenses - Igeidk
My brother Tom and I (5. get up) ............................... at 7.00. We
(6. be) .............................. lucky, because the school bus (7. stop)
.........................right outside our door. We (8. leave)............................
the house when we (9. see).............................it coming around the
corner. That (10. be).........................at eight o'clock. Our school day
(11. start) .............................. at half past eight, and we (12. eat)
.............................. lunch at school, too - at 12 o'clock. Lessons
(13. finish).........................at half past three, but we (14. not/usually
/ get)..............................home until 5.00 because Tom and I (15. stay)
.............................at school to do sport and music after lessons. Dad
(16. leave)...................... for work at 7.30 and (17. get).......................
home after 6.00. My mom (18. not / work)...............................We all
(19. eat).............................dinner together at about half past seven.
Then we (20. do) ............................. the homework, (21. watch)
........................television or (22. read).......................until bedtime.
(Elizabeth Sharman: Across Cultures)
IV. Past Continuous - Folyamatos mlt id
Q Kpzse
A to be ltige mlt idej alakja s az ige -ing vgzds alakja.
1. llt alak
Q At 7 o'clock I was watching TV. - 7 rakor ppen tvt nztem.
2. tagad alak: a ltigt tagadjuk
Q Sorry. What did you say? I wasn't listening. - Elnzst. Mit
mondtl? Nem figyeltem.
3. krd alak
Q Were they playing football all afternoon ? - Egsz dlutn fociztak?
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Tenses - Igeidk
Q Hasznlata
Olyan cselekvs kifejezsre szolgl, mely:
1. A mlt egy meghatrozott pillanatban folyamatban volt.
Q At 5 o'clock yesterday afternoon we were driving home from
Budapest. - Tegnap dlutn 5-kor ppen hazafel tartottunk
Budapestrl.
2. A mltban hossz ideig folyamatban volt.
Q / was reading all last night. - Egsz jjel olvastam.
3. ppen folyamatban volt, amikor egy msik megtrtnt.
A msik cselekvst egyszer mlt idvel jelljk. ltalban when
ktszval kapcsoljuk a mondathoz.
O We were having lunch when she came. - ppen ebdeltnk; amikor
megjtt.
I was walking home when I saw an accident. - ppen hazafel
stltam, amikor lttam egy balesetet.
4. Prhuzamosan folyik egy msik cselekvssel. Ilyenkor mindkt
cselekvst folyamatos mlt idvel fejezzk ki, s while ktszval
kapcsoljuk ssze.
Q While my mum was preparing lunch, my dad was cutting the grass
in the garden. - Amg anyukm ebdet fztt, apukm fvet nyrt
a kertben.
2001. szept. 11-n 8.53-kor egy replgp beletkztt a
Vilgkereskedelmi Kzpont egyik tornyba New Yorkban.
Az informcikat felhasznlva mondja el, mit csinltak a
vilg klnbz tjain abban a pillanatban az emberek!
150
Tenses - Igeidk
At 8.53 on September 11, 2001 an airplane crashed into
one of the towers of the World Trade Center in New York.
Using the clues given, say what the people in different
parts of the world were doing at that moment.
When the airplane crashed in the tower of the World
Trade Center...
Q Nicolas in Nuuk, Greenland / fish
Nicolas in Nuuk, Greenland was fishing.
1. Amanda in London, Great-Britain / learn to play golf
2. Zita in Zenta, Serbia / celebrate the birthday of her village
3. Zsfi in Szeged, Hungary / drive home in her father's car
4. Wendy and her family in Oakland, California / get up
5. Sergei and his friends in Moscow, Russia / play football
6. Jose in Brasilia, Brazil / go to his office
7. Sheena in New Delhi, India / have dinner
8. Vong in Saigon, Vietnam / watch TV
9. Takoma in Tokyo, Japan / go to bed
10. Martin and Janet in Sydney, Australia / sleep
1
Tenses - Igeidk
12
Tegye a zrjelben lev igket a megfelel mlt idbe!
Use the verbs in brackets in the right past tense.
3.
4.
6.
We (lose)............................our first match this season.
Where (you / be).................last night? I (try)..............to call you
at half past nine but you (not / answer)..................... the phone.
I (send).....................an email of complaint to the manager of the
hypermarket and they (answer)............................it immediately.
David (play) ............................... tennis with his coach when it
(start)............................to rain.
The boy (fall off) ....................................... his bike when a car
(stop)............................right in front of him.
David (hurt).....................his leg when he (run)..............................
down the street.
My brother (pick)............................up the nuts from the ground
in the garden while I (paint)............................the fence.
What (you / do)........................ when you (cut)..............................
your little finger?
Simon (give)............................an oral report to the teacher while
some other students (write)............................ a test at the back
of the classroom.
10. She (not / go) ............................ to bed on Tuesday night. She
(revise)............................for her exam the next morning.
11. The fire alarm (go off) ....................... when the board of
directors (have)............................a meeting.
12. Jill (feed) .......................... the neighbour's cats when they
(arrive)............................home from their holiday.
13. As Jenny (drink)..................a glass of orange juice, someone (knock)
.....................her and she (spill)......................... it all over her blouse.
14. Last night we (go)............................. to a concert, but we (arrive)
.................................late. The orchestra (play).......................... . so
we (have to)........................ wait outside for a while.
8.
9.
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Tenses - Igeidk
15. My sister (have) ............................. her driving test yesterday. It
(be)........................ a hard job as it (rain)...................... heavily.
16. I'm sorry I (not be)................at home when you (call).................I
(help).....................my friend with his Maths homework.
17. This time last week we (ski)..........................in Austria.
18. It (be).................beautiful yesterday when we (go).......................
for a walk in the park. The sun (shine) ..................... and a cool
breeze (blow)..............................
19. While grandma (read) ...................... a bedtime story for her
grandson, he (fall)............. asleep. She (close)..........................the
book and (leave)........................ the room very quietly.
20. "John, (you / hear).................what I just (say).........................?"
"No, I'm sorry, I (not listen)......................."
V. Present Perfect - Befejezett jelen id
Q Kpzse
A have/has (egyes szm 3. sz.) + az ige 3. alakja.
1. llt alak
Q / have (I've) done my homework. - Megcsinltam a leckm.
2. tagad alak
G / have not (haven't) read her latest novel. - A legjabb regnyt
nem olvastam.
3. krd alak
G Has she left? - Elment?
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Tenses - Igeidk
Q Hasznlata
1. Olyan cselekvst jell, amely a mltban lezajlott valamikor, de
eredmnye a jelenben van.
B Someone has closed the window. (So the window is closed now) -
Valaki becsukta az ablakot. (Teht az ablak most zrva van.)
Mary has cleaned the blackboard. - Mari letrlte a tblt. (Teht
most tiszta.)
2. Amikor a cselekvs a mltban kezddtt, s a jelen pillanatig
tartott.
Nyomatkostsra a just hatrozszt hasznljuk.
B I've just sent an email to my friend in Poland. - pp most kldtem
egy e-mailt a bartomnak Lengyelorszgba.
My mum has just left home. - Anyukm pp most ment el itthonrl.
3. Tagad mondattal olyan cselekvst jellnk, mely mg nem trtnt
meg, de mg bekvetkezhet.
B / haven't been to Australia. - Mg nem jrtam Ausztrliban.
O Queen Victoria never went to Australia. - Viktria kirlyn soha
nem jrt Ausztrliban. ( mr nem is fog.)
4. A mltban elkezddtt, de a jelenben is tart cselekvst is
jellhetnk vele. Ebben az esetben megadjuk azt is, hogy mita
vagy mennyi ideje tart a cselekvs.
B / have lived in Szeged all my life. - Egsz letemben Szegeden ltem.
They have known each other for years. - Hossz vek ta ismerik
egymst.
Ezeket a mondatokat ltalban jelen idvel fordtjuk magyarra,
hiszen a cselekvs mg tart.
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Tenses - Igeidk
A befejezett jelen idej mondatokban leggyakrabban elfordul
idhatrozk:
1. already
llt mondatban a jelentse: mr.
Q I've already been there. - n mr jrtam ott.
Some students have already read the book. - Nhny dik mr
elolvasta a knyvet.
2. yet
Krd mondatban a jelentse : mr.
Q Have you read this book yet? - Olvastad mr ezt a knyvet?
Tagad mondatban a jelentse : mg.
Q / haven't read this book yet. - n mg nem olvastam ezt a knyvet.
3. ever
Krd mondatban a jelentse: valaha.
Q Have you ever been abroad? - Jrtl valaha klfldn?
4. never = not... yet
Q She's never been abroad. =She hasn't been abroad yet. - Mg
nem jrt klfldn.
5. for +idtartam - azt jelli, mennyi ideje tart a cselekvs
for a long time - rgta
for 10 minutes - tz perce
Q She's studied English only for a year. - Csak egy ve tanul angolul.
since +idpont - azt jelli, mita tart a cselekvs
since last week - a mlt ht ta
since 2000 - 2000 ta
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Tenses - Igeidk
Q She's studied English since September. - Szeptember ta tanul
angolul.
I haven't seen him since he came to my birthday. - Nem lttam
a szletsnapom ta.
A how long krdszval krdeznk arra, hogy mennyi ideje vagy mita
tart a cselekvs.
Q How long have you lived in this city? - Mennyi ideje laksz ebben a
vrosban?
6. Olyan idhatroz-szk, melyek azt fejezik ki, hogy a cselekvsnek
a jelennel van kapcsolata (mg tart az az id)
today - ma
this morning - ma dleltt (ha mg dleltt van)
lately/recently - mostanban
Q I've written six pages of my essay this morning. - Ma dleltt hat
oldalt megrtam a dolgozatombl.
O / wrote six pages of my essay this morning. - Ma dleltt hat oldalt
megrtam a dolgozatombl. (Amikor ezt mondjuk, mr este van.)
1
^ Tegye a zrjelbe tett igket befejezett jelen idbe!
>? Give the Present Perfect form of the verbs in brackets.
1. You (break) ....................................your arm, young man", the
doctor told Peter.
2. Sheila (lose)....................................her parents at the department
store and now she's crying.
3. I (see) .................................... The Lord of the Rings five times.
That's my favourite film.
4. I (never/ tell).................................................... a lie.
5. (you / ever / fly)....................................................?
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Tenses - Igeidk
6. Brigit (spend).............................all her money. Now she's broke.
7. Mary (not / meet)............................her daughter's boyfriend yet.
8. (your brother / marry).........................................his girlfriend yet?
9. The baby's crying. Jill (not feed).........................................her yet.
10. (you / tell)................................... your parents the good news yet?
11. My cousin (always / want) .................................. to become an
archaeologist.
12. Our guests (already/arrive)....................................but we (not lay)
....................................the table yet.
13. This is the most boring programme I (ever / see).........................
14. We (finish)....................................painting the kitchen.
15. The Browns aren't our neighbours any more. They (move)
....................................into a new apartment.
16. Arden is American but she (learn).................to speak Hungarian
since she came 8 years ago.
17. My teacher (like)...................... cowboy films since he was a child.
18. Naomi is from Africa. She (never/ see)....................................snow.
19.1 should buy a pair of shoes. I (have)..................................this for
three years.
20. I'm sorry, but Miss James is not here. She (already / go)
........................... ................home.
Egsztse ki a mondatokat a megadott igk befejezett
jelen idej alakjval!
Complete the sentences with the Present Perfect Tense
form of the right word from the list.
decide eat invite live make
miss ride ring speak start
1. Imagine, she....................................six hamburgers.
2. Don't go in. The performance (already)....................
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Tenses - Igeidk
3. Why are you still here? (you)....................................the bus?
4. Peter (finally)....................................to apply for university.
5. I (not)....................................to your teacher. I'm sorry, I couldn't
reach him on the phone.
6. I think you should read this composition again. You.....................
several spelling mistakes.
7. Don't tell me you'll have to work at the weekend. I (just)
....................................some friends for lunch on Saturday.
8. The telephone....................................four times in the last hour.
9. My grandparents................................... in the same house for over
forty years.
10. This is the first time I .................................a horse.
Tegyen fl kt krdst az albbi mondatok mindegyikre
a zrjelben megadott szavakat felhasznlva!
Ask two questions about each sentence using the words
in bracket.
Q I know my sister's boyfriend.
(how long) How long have you known him?
(when / meet) When did you meet him?
1. Kevin has a beard.
(how long?)...................................................
(when / start to grow)..................................
2. Maria's in love with Bob.
(how long).....................................................
(when/fall in love)........................................
3. I've got a car.
(how long)......................................................
(when / buy)..................................................
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Tenses - Igeidk
4. James smokes.
(how long)......................
(when / start smoking) ....
5. Julia and Tim are married.
(how long)......................
(when/get married).......
1
6
Egsztse ki a kifejezseket a megfelel for vagy since
elljrszval!
Complete the phrases with the right preposition: for or since.
1 ........ 1970 10...............the ski break
2 ..............several years 11...............hours
3 ..............the beginning of the summer
4 ..............a week 12...............May
5 .............my brother was born 13................the last minutes of the
6 .................half a minute show
7 ..............noon 14...............hundreds of years
8 ..............ages 15...............their wedding
9 .................last winter
7
Egsztse ki a mondatokat a megfelel for vagy since
elljrszval!
Fill in the gaps with the right preposition: for or since.
1 .
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
We haven't heard from Jenny.......
I haven't had time to go swimming
He has worked in this factory........
My uncle's hair has got greyer......
Your English has improved a lot....
Uncle Jack has had a car ever........
she went to work in Sweden.
........more than three weeks.
.........he left school.
...........some time now.
.........I started to teach you.
........he was seventeen.
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Tenses - Igeidk
7. We haven't seen our friends...................a month now.
8.......................you last visited us the kids have changed a lot.
9. John has been fast asleep...................three hours now.
10. I've been very busy ................... the last couple of weeks.
8
Tegye az igket a megfelel igeidbe (egyszer mlt vagy
befejezett jelen)!
Use the verbs in the right tense (Simple Past or Present
Perfect).
1. What (you / have).................................for breakfast this morning?
2. (you / have)..................................lunch yet?
3. When was the last time you two (meet).......................................?
4. Terry (fail)....................................his Biology exam last term.
5. I'm starving. I (not eat)................................... anything all day.
6. Jane (not water)................................... the plants for two weeks.
7. I (get)........................ a nice leather jacket for Christmas last year.
8. (you / ever / try)................................... Chinese food?
9. He (climb)................................... Mount Blanc.
10. My son (have)................................... this skateboard for a week. He
(get)....................................it for his birthday.
11 .We're late again. My parents' plane (already/ land).......................
12. Who (win)................................... the World Cup last time?
13. Farmers' markets (recently/become)..............................popular
again in the rural areas in England.
14. After her husband's death Queen Victoria (suffer).........................
a terrible depression and she (not perform)....................................
any national duty for several years.
15. My aunt (already / be)....................................to Russia, but it (be)
....................................a long time ago.
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Tenses - Igeidk
16. When I was at university, I .................. (know) your brother well.
17.1 (lose)..................................my wallet. Can you help me find it?
18. Someone (steal)........................ my bike. I (leave)..........................
it here an hour ago, and now it's not here.
19. Don't put the butter in the fridge yet. I (finish)................................
breakfast yet.
20. We (buy)................................... new furniture for the living-room.
Would you like to see it?
19
Tegye a zrjeles kifejezseket a mondatokba, s vgezze
el a szksges vltoztatsokat!
Put the phrases in brackets in the sentences and make
the necessary changes.
1. We're on the beach now. (for more than an hour)
2. They live in Kings Road, (since their son was born)
3. Diana has failed her exam, (never)
4. I've seen George, (a couple of minutes ago)
5. Tom has made up his mind, (not yet)
6. Anna has read a book in English? (ever?)
7. It's stopped raining, (when?)
8. Martin has already found a good job. (yet?)
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Tenses - Igeidk
9. I haven't been abroad for a while, (how long?)
10.They are engaged, (how long?)
VI. Expressing the future - Jv id kifejezse
1. will segdigvel
will + fnvi igenv 'to' nlkl
(Egyes s tbbes szm els szemlyben shall is hasznlhat.)
Szemlyes nvms utn leggyakrabban sszevont alakban ll:
NI, you'll, he'll, she'll, it'll, we'll, they'll
Tagads: will not = won't
Q Hasznlata
a) Amikor a jv idej cselekvs bekvetkezse a beszl
vlemnye, felttelezse vagy kvetkeztetse.
Q / think it'll rain tomorrow. - Szerintem holnap esni fog.
I don't suppose they'll be very happy about it. - Nem hiszem,
hogy nagyon fognak neki rlni.
b) A beszd pillanatban meghozott dnts kifejezsre.
Q Pl. a tanraz rn kzli, hogy nincs krta, mire egy dik azt mondja:
Ok, I'll bring some. - Majd n hozok.
I'll do the shopping for you if you wish. - n elintzem a
bevsrlst helyetted, ha akarod.
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Tenses - Igeidk
c) llt alakban gretet, tagadban visszautastst is jellhet.
Q I'll pay you next week. - A jv hten fizetek.
"Would you like a drink?" - Krsz inni?" >"I won't have
anything, thanks." - Nem iszom semmit, ksznm."
d) Krd mondatban 2. szemly alannyal udvarias krst fejez ki.
Q Will you do me a favour? - Tennl nekem egy szvessget?
Will you come here? - Lgy szves, gyere ide!
e) Feltteles jelentstartalm mondatok (First Conditional) fmon
datban.
Q We'll go to the beach if it's fine tomorrow. - Kimegynk a
strandra, ha j id lesz holnap.
O Bvebben lsd a Feltteles md cm fejezetben!
Tegye ki a mondatba ill will vagy won't alakot!
Use the form of will or won't that fits in the sentence.
1. Tom needs a mechanic. His car.....................start.
2. I'm sure Mary............. enjoy the party. All her friends will be there.
3. Don't worry. There.....................be any problems with the kids.
4. The teacher promises that she............. correct the test next week.
5. "I .....................give you any homework for the weekend", Mrs
Norris said.
6. I hope Jane.....................like her birthday present.
7. Some people believe that in the year 2050 people.....................go
to space for their holiday.
8. He.....................never trust us again!
9. I .....................give him your message as soon as he returns.
10...................... you bring me my glasses, please?
163
Tenses - Igeidk
2. going to szerkezettel
to be (ragozott alakja) + going to + fnvi igenv
Q I'm going to meet him this afternoon. - Ma dlutn tallkozom vele.
They aren't going to be there. - k nem lesznek ott.
Are you going to answer his question? - Vlaszolsz a krdsre?
Q Hasznlata
a) Tervezett, szndkolt, a kzeli jvben bekvetkez cselekvst jell.
Q We're going to finish painting the kitchen this afternoon. - Ma
dlutn befejezzk a konyha festst.
b) A krlmnyekbl egyrtelmen ltsz, bizonyosan
bekvetkez cselekvs jellsre.
Q Look at the clouds. It's going to rain soon. - Nzd a felhket!
Mindjrt esni fog.
She looks very weak. She's going to faint. - Nagyon
gyngnek ltszik. El fog julni.
c) A go s come igkkel ltalban nem hasznljuk. Helyette
folyamatos jelennel utalunk a jvre.
B Is she going to the party? - Megy a buliba?
Tegye ki a mondatba ill will vagy going to alakot!
Use the form of will or going to that fits in the sentence.
1. I don't feel very well today. I think I .................................go home.
2. You're in class and suddenly you see a mouse running across the
room. What (you).................................do?
3. I don't think my parents................................ let me go on that trip.
4. (you / do)......................................the washing up for me, please?
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Tenses - Igeidk
5. People expect that the factory......................................close soon.
6. I (not).................................let that person enter my house.
7. "I........................love you forever" the man declared to his fiance.
8. What (you)..........................................do with those newspapers?
9. (you)........................open the door for me, please. My hands are full.
10. "I............................. help you find the museum", said the policeman
to the tourist.
11 .Are you going to a fancy dress party? Nobody...............................
recognize you in these clothes.
12.1 meet Jack in the library at 6 o'clock. We
.................................study together.
13. "It's very cold in here." "Ok, I ...........................turn the heater on."
14. "What do you need those scissors for?" "I.................................cut
the dead leaves of the plant."
15. My uncle............................retire next month. He............................
have a party.
16. Watch out. That car................................ crash into us.
17. My little brother................................ be 5 tomorrow.
18.1 don't think I ...............................get home for dinner. So don't
wait for me.
19. Oh, no! We've missed the last boat. What (we).......................do now?
20. My son (not).................................go to sleep on his own. I have
to sit by his bed for at least half an hour every evening.
22
Hasznlja a jv id kifejezsre legalkalmasabb alakot:
egyszer jelen / folyamatos jelen / will / going to!
Use the most appropriate form to express future activity:
Present Simple / Present Continuous / will / going to.
'Would you like to come to the cinema with me tonight?'
'I'm sorry, I can't. I (go)....................................... to a party."
165
Tenses - Igeidk
2. "When are you planning to go back to university?" "The new
semester (start)....................................... next week."
3. Don't worry. Your father (be) ........................................ at the
station to meet you.
4. My sister's birthday is next week. I (give)........................................
her a nice bracelet I made myself.
5. What time (your plane/take off)...................................tomorrow?
6. I'm exhausted. I (go).........................................bed early tonight.
7. "What (you / do)....................................this afternoon?" "I (meet)
....................................... an old friend from high school."
8. I'm so excited. My cousin (have)....................................... a baby!
9. Calm down. I don't think you (have)....................................... any
problems at the border.
10. (you / take)....................................the children to Spain with you?
11.1 don't think anybody can tell you what life (be)..........................
like in 50 years'time.
12.1hope scientists (find)......................................the cure for cancer.
13. When (you / do)....................................... your homework?
14. That suitcase looks really heavy. I (carry).....................................
it for you.
15. The forecast says that we (not/have) .....................................any
more snow from next week.
166
Passive Voice - Szenved szerkezet
10. Passive Voice - Szenved szerkezet
Q Akkor hasznljuk, ha nem tudjuk vagy nem akarjuk megnevezni, ki
vgezte a cselekvst. Az a fontos, hogy a cselekvst az adott
trgyon elvgeztk.
Magyarban ltalnos alanyt hasznlunk (legtbbszr tbbes szm
3. szemlyt).
Q Kpzse
A to be ltige megfelel idej ragozott alak + az ige 3. alakja.
1. egyszer jelen id (Present Simple): am/is/are + 3. alak
Q Millions of emails are sent every day. - Naponta tbb milli emailt
kldnk.
2. egyszer mlt id (Past Simple): was/were +3. alak
Q This postcard was sent from Washington D.C. - Ezt a kpeslapot
Washingtonbl kldtk.
3. egyszer jv id (Simple Future): will be +3. alak
Q Painting will be finished tomorrow. - A festst holnap befejezzk.
Az a mondat alakthat t szenved szerkezetv, melyben trgyas
ige van.
O Az Tm going out with my friend." mondat nem alakthat t
szenved szerkezetv, mert br a friend" sz alakilag trgy a
mondatban, a go out" nem trgyas ige s a with my friend" a
mondatban trshatroz.
167
They bring the daily paper at around 7.30 every morning.
'I' vL vL
(alany) (lltmny) (trgy)
Az aktv mondat trgya lesz a szenved szerkezet mondat alanya, az
lltmny pedig szenved alakba kerl.
The daily paper is brought at around 7.30 every morning.
i i
(alany) (lltmny szenved alakban)
Ha azt is fontosnak tartom, ki vgezte a cselekvst, akkor azt a by
elljrszval a mondat vgre kitehetem.
Tom wrote this letter. - aktv mondat
*1' sL 'l '
(alany) (lltmny) (trgy)
This letter was written (by Tom). - szenved szerkezet mondat
i i
(alany) (lltmny szenved alakban)
Q This play was written by Shakespeare. - Ezt a darabot Shakes
peare rta.
Who was this play written by? - Ki rta ezt a darabot?
Q Vigyzzunk azonban arra, hogy csak akkor tegyk ki a cselekvst
vgz szemlyt a mondat vgre, ha meg tudjuk nevezni, vagy nem
egyrtelm, hogy ki cselekszik. Figyelje meg a kvetkez
mondatokat!
168
Passive Voice - Szenved szerkezet R
A doctor will operate on him soon. >He will be operated on soon.
Ezt a mondatot azrt mondjuk szenved szerkezettel, mert nem a
cselekvst vgz szemly a fontos, hanem az, hogy mi fog trtnni
az ige trgyval. Csak akkor tennnk ki a cselekvst vgz szemlyt,
ha megneveznnk (vagy ha a ports operlna!).
I
Az albbiakban egy eskv elkszleteit s esemnyeit
vzoltuk fel. Alkosson szenved szerkezet mondatokat a
megadott kifejezseket felhasznlva!
Here is a list of wedding preparations and events of a
wedding. Using the prompts make sentences in the Passive
Voice.
Q time of the wedding / choose
The time of the wedding is chosen.
1. the invitations/send
2. the wedding dress / make
3. the wedding rings / buy
4. the wedding cake / bake
5. the bouquet of flowers/order
6. the car/decorate
169
J Passive Voice - Szenved szerkezet
7. the music for the ceremony / choose
8. the restaurant / book
9. photographs/take
10.music/ play
2
Alkosson szenved szerkezet mondatokat a megadott
szavakbl! Minden mondat egyszer jelen idben legyen!
Using the prompts make sentences in the Present Simple
Passive.
1. my flat/clean / every Friday
2. football / play / by eleven people
3. how / Yorkshire pudding / make ?
4. where / the best champagne / make?
5. what languages / speak/ in Switzerland?
6. this tray/ make/ of plastic
7. a corkscrew / use / for opening bottles
8. Martini/ drink/with ice
170
Passive Voice - Szenved szerkezet Q
9. a lot of rice/ eat/ in China
10. English / speak / all over the world
11. Rolls Royce cars / produce / for the rich
12. cars / test / before they / sell
3
Alkosson szenved szerkezet mondatokat a megadott
szavakbl! Minden mondat egyszer mlt idben legyen!
Using the prompts make sentences in the Past Simple
Passive.
1. our house/build/ten years ago
2. America/ discover/in 1492
3. the grass/not cut/yesterday
4. you / invite/to the party?
5. Pete's car/steal / last night
6. radio/invent/by Marconi
7. nobody / injure / in the car crash
8. my father's office / decorate / last week
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9. several houses / destroy / in the flood last spring
10. this silk dress / design / by Kati Zob
11. my car / service / a week ago
12. this tree / blow out / in the wind last night
4
Alaktsa t a kvetkez mondatokat szenved szerkezetv!
Rewrite the following sentences in the Passive Voice.
1. Sir Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin.
2. We use a kettle for boiling water.
3. They painted the window frames last month.
4. They will arrange everything tomorrow.
5. They make excellent maple syrup in Canada.
6. They will repair the leaking roof next week.
7. They don't sell telephone cards anymore.
8. They will finish the new underground line next year.
9. A very young musician taught her how to play the flute.
172
10. More than 50,000 people visited this exhibition.
11 .They built their new house in less than six months.
12. Milkmen don't deliver milk in cities in England anymore.
13.They will hold the ceremony tomorrow.
14.The dentist pulled out two of his milk teeth the other day.
15. Students lose several different items every day.
Q Termszetesen brmilyen igeidben ll vagy brmilyen mdbeli
segdigt tartalmaz mondat talakthat szenved szerke
zetv.
1. befejezett jelen (Present Perfect)
Q His book has just been published. - pp most adtk ki a kny
vt.
2. can
Q This exercise can't be done. - Ezt a gyakorlatot nem lehet
megcsinlni.
3. must
Q This letter must be answered at once. - Erre a levlre azonnal
vlaszolni kell.
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4. should
Q Your dogs should be fed twice a day. - A kutyidat naponta
ktszer kellene etetni.
5
Rewrite the following sentences in the Passive Voice.
1. We shouldn't keep animals in cages.
2. She hasn't sent the invitation yet.
3. Nurses look after sick people in hospitals.
4. You can make yoghurt from milk.
5. Did Susan bake this delicious fruit cake?
6. They have finished the water tower.
7. Someone should change the floor of the gym hall in the school.
8. Everybody must write this essay.
9. They will forgive you.
10. Someone has stolen the jewels from the safe.
11 .We should save panda bears.
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Passive Voice - Szenved szerkezet rn
12. How much whisky do they produce in Scotland a year?
13. Nobody will hurt them.
14.They found this dog in the street.
15. You should close all the windows before you leave the office.
16. You mustn't leave this gate open.
17.The mechanics have repaired the race car.
18.Three armed men robbed the local bank yesterday.
19. How many cars have they produced in Hungary since they opened
the Suzuki Factory in Esztergom?
20. Who built Hadrian's Wall?
O Ha az aktv mondat alanya nobody, akkor a szenved szerkezetben
tagad alak lesz az lltmny.
Q Nobody noticed her. ->She wasn't noticed.
Q Mivel az angol nyelvben egy mondatban kt trgy is llhat (Direct
Object s Indirect Object), mindkett lehet a szenved mondat
alanya.
175
We sent her a postcard from Italy.
A I
I n d i rect 0 bj ect D i rect 0 bject
Indirect Object az alany:
O Az alany mindig alanyesetben van.
She was sent a postcard from Italy.
i i
(alany) (Direct Object)
Direct Object az alany:
A postcard was sent to her from Italy.
i i
(alany) (Indirect Object)
Az elz mondat a gyakoribb, azaz amikor az Indirect" trgybl lesz
a szenved mondat alanya. A msodik szerkezet mondatnl a to vagy
for elljrt ki kell tenni, hisz az Indirect Object" (rszeshatroz)
megelzi a Direct Object"-et (a trgyat).
6
Rewrite the sentences in the Passive Voice.
1. They invited us to their wedding anniversary.
2. You should tell James the bad news as soon as possible.
176
Passive Voice - Szenved szerkezet Q
3. We'll inform them tomorrow.
4. The local television company has offered Phil a good job.
5. How much did they pay you for digging their garden?
6. They didn't give me the chance to say 'No'.
7. The storm ruined the crops.
8. The local government will give the Millers a bigger flat.
9. The strange noise frightened the children.
10. Her parents buy Sue everything she asks for.
11. Did anyone disturb you last night?
12.The new teacher gave us a lesson yesterday.
13. A very famous surgeon will operate on my father.
14. What did they show you?
15. As his parents died his grandparents brought Ted up.
16.They heard the boy say something rude.
17.This charity organization gives free meals to poor people.
177
18. A special delivery service brought this parcel to you.
19.The boss made me do the job on my own.
20. Nobody brought her any flowers.
O A make somebody do something, hear somebody do
something szerkezetek szenved alakban ll igit to+infinitive
kveti.
Lsd a Gerund, Infinitive" fejezetet!
Q They made her do the housework. >She was made to do the
housework.
7
Tegye a zrjelben lv igket a megfelel, cselekv vagy
szenved md egyszer mlt idej alakba!
0Give the right active or passive Past Tense form of the verbs
in brackets.
History of the Olympics
The earliest recorded Olympic Games (1. hold).....................................
in Olympia, in ancient Greece, in 776 B.C. This tradition (2. take place)
.....................................every four years for one thousand years.
The modern Olympic movement (3. start) .....................................
when French educator, Pierre de Coubertin, (4. bring)..........................
together a group of sports and philosophy leaders from around the
178
Passive Voice - Szenved szerkezet I fi
world for the International Athletic Congress. The group, which later
(5. become)............................. the International Olympic Committee,
(6. decide).....................................to revive the ancient Games.
In 1896, the first modern Olympics (7. hold)................................. in
Athens, Greece, their glorious country of origin. The first winter sport
(8. include)............................. in 1908: figure skating. Later, ice hockey
(9. add).........................................to the competition programme. The
first Winter Olympics (10. stage)................................. in Chamonix,
France, in 1924. 294 athletes (11. take part).................................. in
the events. For the next 68 years, the Winter Games (12. hold)
.....................................in the same year as the Summer Games.
(Hello Teens, VI/2 - 2006.)
8
Tegye a zrjelben lv igket a megfelel, cselekv vagy
szenved md egyszer mlt idej alakba!
13 Give the right active or passive Past Tense form of the verbs
in brackets.
Sugar
As tea and coffee (1. grow)..................................... in popularity in
Britain in the 18th century, the demand for sugar to sweeten them
also (2. grow) ........................................ More and more workers
(3. need) ......................................on sugar plantations in the West
Indies, so their owners (4. import) ...................................... slaves
from West Africa. A circular trade (5. develop)..................................
and islands such as Jamaica and the Bahamas (6. become)
179
British colonies. Ships from Britain (7. carry).....................................
cotton and metal goods to Africa, where they (8. trade)......................
for slaves , who ( 9. take).....................................on a three-month
voyage to the West Indies. They (10. trade) .....................................
with the plantation owners for sugar, and the ships (11. return)
..................................... to Britain with the sugar. Georgian Britain,
especially the ports of Liverpool and Bristol, (12. grow)......................
rich on the profits of the slave trade.
(Elizabeth Sharman: Across cultures)
180
Asking questions, tag-questions - Krdsfeltevs, utkrds
11. Asking questions, tag-questions -
Krdsfeltevs, utkrds
G Az angol nyelvben a krdsfeltevs fordtott szrenddel s
segdigvel trtnik!
1. eldntend krds
segdige +alany +
Is Tm
Have they
2. kiegsztend krds
krdsz + segdige + alany + az lltmny tbbi rsze
What is Tom doing ?
Where have they arrived?
Mivel egyszer jelen (Simple Present) s egyszer mlt (Simple Past)
idben llt alakban nincs segdige, krdst a do/does s did
segdigt hasznlva tesznk fel. A segdige utn a fige fnvi igenvi
alakban ll.
Q Do you like ice-cream? - Szereted a fagylaltot?
What does your father do? - Mi az apukd foglalkozsa?
What did you do last weekend? - Mit csinltl mlt htvgn?
Ha a mondat lltmnya a ltige, akkor csak a szrendet fordtjuk meg.
Q Were they at home? - Otthon voltak?
A not tagadsz krdsben is a segdighez kapcsoldik.
az lltmny tbbi rsze
watching television?
arrived at the theatre yet?
181
Q Aren't you satisfied with the result? - Nem vagytok elgedettek
az eredmnnyel?
Why don't you want to do it? - Mirt nem akarod megcsinlni?
1
Keresse meg a vlaszt a krdsekre!
Match the questions with the answers.
1. How did you feel when you heard the news?
2. What's this?
3. Where are you going the stay in London?
4. Did you see the film last night?
5. What is your new teacher like?
6. Why can't you do it?
7. How often do you go skating?
8. Which jacket do you prefer?
9. How is your grandma?
10. When are you planning to come back?
11. How long did it take you to find the house?
12. Have you ever made muffins?
13. What kind of music does he like?
14. Who lives in the house opposite?
15. What would you like to have?
16. Isn't it a lovely day today?
a)
My best friend. b) Because I haven't got tools.
c) Oh yes, it is. d) Happy.
e)
Next Friday. f) It's a corkscrew.
g)
Half an hour. h) A coke, please.
i)
She's very strict. j) He likes rap.
k)
Twice a week. I) No, I didn't.
182
m) The brown one. n) She is very well, thanks,
o) At a bed and breakfast place. p) No, I haven't.
1............ 2............ 3.......... 4...
5............ 6............ 7.......... 8...
9............ 10............ 11.......... 12..
13............ 14............ 15.......... 16..
Q A milyen? magyar krdszval kls s bels tulajdonsgra is
tudunk krdezni.
Az angol nyelvben erre kt klnbz krdst hasznlunk:
What is he/she/it like? - Milyen? (bels tulajdonsgra krdez)
What does he/she/it look like? - Hogy nz ki? (klsre krdez)
Q "What is your French pen friend like?" "She's very outgoing and
funny." - Milyen a francia leveleztrsad?" Nagyon nyitott s
vicces."
"What does she look like?" "She's tall, slim and has dark brown
hair." - Hogy nz ki?" Magas, vkony s sttbarna haja van."
O A fentieket ne tvesszk ssze a What does she like? - Mit szeret?"
krdssel!
Q A how? krdsz jelentse: hogyan? Gyakran fordthatjuk a
milyen? krdszval, ha a krds arra utal, hogy hogy ment"
valami.
Q How did you find the hotel? - Hogy tallttok meg a szllodt?
183
How was the interview? - Milyen volt a meghallgats/interj?
(Hogy ment?)
2
A megadott kifejezsek felhasznlsval tegyen fel
krdseket, melyekre a vlaszokat megadtuk!
Using the prompts make the questions. The answers are
given.
1. (Sheila / married) "..........................................................................?"
"No, she isn't."
2. (she/come/England) ".................................................................?"
"No, she doesn't. She's from Australia."
3. (where / she / stay) ".......................................................................?"
"She's staying at a student hostel."
4. (you / meet her) "...........................................................................?"
"Yes, I have."
5. (what/she/like) "..........................................................................?"
"She's very nice and open."
6. (what/like about Hungary) "........................
"She likes the people and the food."
7. (how often/she/go out) "............................
"Not very often, just once a week."
8. (how long / she/ be in Hungary) "................
"Since the beginning of the school year."
9. (how long/ she/stay) ".................................
"She's going to stay for two more months."
10. (where/you/go/last night)".....................
"To the theatre to see Hamlet."
184
11. (how much /the tickets)"...............................................................?"
"They were free."
12. (her parents/visit her /yet) "........................................................?"
"Not yet, they're coming next month."
O Ha a mondat alanyra krdeznk, termszetesen nem hasznlhat
a korbban emltett szrendi szably. Ezekben a krdsekben a
krdsz lesz az alany, nem lesz fordtott a szrend s nem kell
do/does ill. did segdigt tenni a mondatba.
Q What makes this noise? - Mi csinlja ezt a zajt?
How many people have left? - Hnyn mentek el?
Who was the driver? - Ki volt a sofr?
Who invented the gramophone?- Ki tallta fl a gramofont?
Which puppy belongs to you? - Melyik kiskutya a tied?
3
Tegyen fel krdseket a megadott krdszavakkal! A
vlaszokat a zrjelben tallja.
Ask questions about sentence with the question words. The
answers are given in brackets.
1. My brother woke me up this morning.
Who................................................................................................
(My brother.)
Who................................................................................................
(Me.)
185
When................................................................................................?
(This morning.)
What................................................................................................ ?
(Woke me up.)
2. It'll be nice and sunny this afternoon.
What ............................................................................................... ?
(Nice and sunny.)
When................................................................................................?
(This afternoon.)
3. I've decided to rewrite the letter, because I made too many
mistakes.
Who................................................................................................. ?
(I have.)
What.................................................................................................?
(To rewrite the letter.)
Why..................................................................................................?
(Because I made too many mistakes.)
Who..................................................................................................?
(I did.)
How many........................................................................................?
(Too many.)
4. Steve was given a gold medal.
Who..................................................................................................?
(Steve.)
What.................................................................................................?
(A gold medal.)
What kind of....................................................................................?
(Gold.)
186
4
Tegyen fel krdseket az alhzott mondatrszekre!
Ask questions about the underlined parts of the sentences.
1. Paula has just joined the dramatic group of the school.
2. At the age of eighteen Tony became a professional criminal.
3. I felt relieved when mv exam was over.
4. I have to phone mv mum at 9 o'clock.
5. Someone called you this morning.
6. Geography is Robert's best subject.
7. Jack borrowed mv bike for the weekend.
8. Sue is very reliable.
9. Diana always treats animals kindly.
10.1 was talking to Helen when we were cut off.
11. I'm not really interested in cars.
12.1 saw an interesting advertisement in the local paper.
13. Wendy's teacher was impressed by our performance.
187
14. Sally is never late for school.
15.This ring cost a fortune.
16. Rita is fond of Black Forest gateau.
17.There was a small table by his bed.
18. We couldn't see the other shore of the lake.
19. He'll phone us as soon as he is ready.
20. We've just finished cleaning the kitchen.
21 .They're still trying to find the solution to the problem.
22. I'm going out with mv parents tonight.
23. My sons have had French lessons since September.
24. Charlotte wants the skiing holiday, not the hiking one.
25. Mary's looking at the shop-window.
26. Fiona likes pancakes with maple svrup.
188
11
Tag-questions - Utkrdsek
Q Az ugye" kifejezs megfeleljt az angolban mindig a mondat
vgre tesszk nll tagmondatknt.
Az utkrdst segdigvel s szemlyes nvmssal kifejezett
alannyal kpezzk.
llt mondat esetn tagad alak az utkrds:
Q Pat likes bananas, doesn't she? - Pat szereti a bannt, ugye?
The students are in the gym hall, aren't they? - A dikok a
tornateremben vannak, ugye?
Policemen have to wear a uniform, don't they? - A rendrknek
egyenruht kell hordaniuk, ugye?
Tagad mondat esetn az utkrds llt alak:
Q You can't come earlier, can you? - Nem tudsz hamarabb jnni,
ugye?
She hasn't been to England, has she? - mg nem jrt Angliban,
ugye?
Alice won't say a word to anyone, will she? - Alice senkinek egy
szt sem fog szlni, ugye?
Figyelje meg az utkrds alakjt a klnbz igeidkben, valamint
mdbeli segdigkkel, llt vagy tagad alakban:
Egyszer jelen
Your father is a teacher, isn't he? - Apukd tanr, ugye?
These boys go to the same class, don't they? - Ezek a fik ugyanabba
az osztlyba jrnak, ugye?
189
O Egyes szm els szemlyben a tagad utkrds: am I not / aren't I.
B I'm the youngest here, am I not? (ez a hivatalosabb alak)
I'm the youngest here, aren't I? (ez a beszlt nyelvi alak) - n
vagyok itt a legfiatalabb, ugye?
Folyamatos jelen
The guests are enjoying themselves, aren't they? - A vendgek jl
rzik magukat, ugye?
Egyszer mlt
Mary didn 't get a bad grade, did she? - Mary nem kapott rossz jegyet,
ugye?
Folyamatos mlt
The car wasn't coming fast, was it? - Az aut nem jtt gyorsan, ugye?
Befejezett jelen
Our new neighbours haven't moved in yet, have they? - Az j
szomszdaink mg nem kltztek be, ugye?
Egyszer jv
You'll have some more tea, won'tyou? - Mg iszol egy kis tet, ugye?
Mdbeli segdigk
can Your children can sing, can't they? - A gyerekeid tudnak
nekelni, ugye?
could Your friend couldn't translate it, could he? - A bartod
nem tudta ezt lefordtani, ugye?
should The nurse should be here, shouldn't she? - A nvrnek
itt kellene lennie, ugye?
190
Felszlt md
Stop talking, will you? - Ne beszlgess, j7
Don't open it, will you? - Ne nyisd ki, j?
Let's go for a walk, shall we? - Menjnk stlni, j?
A there is / there are szerkezet utkrdsben is hasznlhat.
There's a kitten in your bag, isn't there? - Van egy macska a
tskdban, ugye?
O Ha a mondat alanya this/that illetve these/those, akkor az
utkrdsben it, illetve they alannyal krdezek vissza.
63 That is your bag, isn't it? - Ez a te tskd, ugye?
These aren't ours, are they? - Ezek nem hozznk tartoznak, ugye?
O Ha a mondatban negatv rtelm sz van - annak ellenre, hogy
az lltmny llt alak -, az utkrds llt alak lesz.
B Nothing went wrong, did it? - Nem trtnt semmi baj, ugye?
She never smiles, does she? - Soha nem mosolyog, ugye?
5
Tegye ki az utkrdst a mondatok vgre!
Put the question tags at the end of each sentence.
1. Your cat isn't in here,....................................................................?
2. Eve has just left,............................................................................. ?
3. Peter came back yesterday,............................................................?
4. You won't mind if I go too,...........................................................?
5. I'm not late yet,..............................................................................?
6. That isn't your brother,..................................................................?
191
7. The animals shouldn't be fed by the visitors,.................................?
8. We've been awarded a prize,..........................................................?
9. The children would like to have something to drink,....................?
10. You didn't forget your key,..............................................................?
11 .Your cousin likes living in the capital,............................................?
12. There aren't any problems,.......................................................... ?
13. The secretary has long conversations on the phone,...................?
14. Your father's got a new car,............................................................?
15. Mary's going to do her homework in the library,...........................?
16. Not many adults can understand young people today,.................?
17. I'm right,............................ ?
18. Let's forget about it,............................................ ?
19. Please sit down,............................. ?
20. Your fianc likes turkey,.................................................................. ?
21 .You'll carry it for me,......................................................................?
22. It's going to be fun,........................................................................ ?
23. Tina should be here by now,.........................................................?
24. The robbers have been arrested,.................................................. ?
25. His parents simply can't give up smoking,..................................... ?
192
Conditional - Feltteles md
12. Conditional - Feltteles md
First Conditional - Feltteles jelentstartalm mondatok
A magyarban ezekben a mondatokban az igk kijelent mdban
llnak, a mellkmondatnak feltteles jelentstartalma van:
Q Holnap elmegynk stlni', ha szp id lesz.
Lekssk a vonatot, ha nem sietsz.
Kpzse
Fmondat Mellkmondat
will +fnvi igenv if jelen id
(Jv id / Simple Future) (Present Simple)
A segdige minden szemlyben will, s leggyakrabban rvid alakban
hasznljuk:
'II (I'll, you'll, he'll, well, they'll)
G We'll (We will) go for a walk tomorrow if the weather is nice.
Holnap elmegynk stlni, ha szp id lesz.
We won't go for a walk tomorrow if the weather isn't nice.
Holnap nem megynk el stlni, ha nem lesz szp id.
We'll stay at home if the weather isn't nice.
Otthon maradunk, ha nem lesz j az id.
Well miss the train if you don't hurry.
Lekssk a vonatot, ha nem sietsz.
A magyarhoz hasonlan a tagmondatok sorrendje felcserlhet. Ha a
mellkmondat az els tagmondat, vesszvel vlasztjuk el a fmon
dattl. Ha a fmondat az els, nem tesszk ki a vesszt.
193
B If the weather is nice, we'll go for a walk tomorrow.
If you don't hurry, we'll miss the train.
1
Tegye a szavakat a megfelel sorrendbe, hogy rtelmes
mondatokat kapjon!
Rearrange the words to get meaningful sentences.
1. you, too, me, you'll, my, near, if, cold, come, catch,
2. they'll, the, water, if, die, you, plants, don't
3. drop, it'll, this, you, if, break, glass
4. I'll, gets, before, Tom, him, if, here, 9 o'clock, see
5. go, if, on, you, sick, be, won't, get, the, able, trip, you, to
Tegye a zrjelben lev igket a megfelel alakba!
Use the words in brackets in the right form.
1. If you.........................(go) to bed at 9'clock, you............................
(not feel) tired in the morning.
2. If you ................................... (not prepare) for the exam, you
............................ (not pass) it.
3. Dave can always rely on his Mum. If he......................(ask) her, she
......................(help) him.
4. That shop closes at 5. If you......................(arrive) at 5.02, they
......................(not serve) you.
194
5. If Tina......................(be) out at the moment, I ....................... (call)
her tomorrow.
6. This test match is very important for Peter. He......................(get)
in the team if he......................(play) well.
7. If the cook......................(boil) the egg for more than 3 minutes,
it......................(not be) soft.
8. Your eyes......................(hurt) if you....................... (sit) in front of
the computer for too long.
9. If I ......................(buy) the champagne,........................(you, pay)
for the meal?
10. If you......................(listen) to the radio too loud, your neighbour
......................(complain).
11. He..........................(go) on a holiday if he...........................(save)
some money.
12. Sue......................(not do) anything tonight if she........................
(feel) too tired.
13. If I .........................(not see) Pete tomorrow, I .......................... (call)
him.
14. If Mary................. (not go) to the concert tonight, she................
(watch) TV.
15. If you.................. (want) to travel to the USA, you........................
(need) a visa.
3
Prostsa ssze a f- s mellkmondatokat!
Match the two halves of the sentences.
A
1. If you leave the meat in the oven for too long,
2. In England, if you park on the double yellow line,
3. If you see him,
4. Will you call me
195
5. They will start the match
6. You'll learn English more easily
7. Your skin will look nicer
8. You won't be able to sleep enough
B
a) if it stops raining.
b) will you tell him about it?
c) if you drink too much coffee.
d) it will burn.
e) you'll have to pay a fine.
f) if you eat a lot of fresh fruit and vegetables.
g) if she wants to come too?
h) if you study a little more every day.
1.............. 2.............. 3.............. 4.
5.............. 6.............. 7.............. 8.
4
Alkosson feltteles jelentstartalm mondatokat a megadott
szavak felhasznlsval, a minta alapjn!
Using the words given, make sentences in the first
conditional as in the example.
Q drop this glass, break
If you drop this glass, it will break.
1. not feel better tomorrow, call the doctor
2. hurry, catch the bus
3. reach the top, have a beautiful view
196
4. enjoy extreme sports, love New Zealand
5. sunny, go to the beach
6. not take your umbrella, get wet
7. read this book carefully, understand it
8. drive more carefully, not have so many accidents
Second Conditional - Jelen idej feltteles mondatok
Q Ezek a mondatok a jelen idej feltteles mdban ll mondatoknak
felelnek meg a magyarban. Azt fejezik ki, mi trtnne, ha ez lenne
a helyzet?"
Q Vennk egy j autt, ha tbb pnzem lenne.
Kpzse
Fmondat Mellkmondat
would +fnvi igenv if mlt id
(Simple Past)
1would (I'd) buy a new car if 1had more money.
Vennk egy j autt ha lenne tbb pnzem.
A would segdige szemlyes nvmsokkal sszevont rvid alakja: 'd.
(I'd, you'd, he'd, she'd, it'd, we'd, they'd)
A mellkmondatban a ltige (be) alakja minden szemlyben lehet:
were.
197
Q She'd answer the phone if she were!was at home. - Felvenn a
telefont, ha otthon lenne.
If I were you... kifejezs azt jelenti: Ha a helyedben lennk...
A tagmondatok sorrendje felcserlhet. Az if-es tagmondat utn
vessz van.
Q If I had more money, I'd buy a new car. - Ha tbb pnzem lenne,
vennk egy j autt.
5
Alaktsa t a mondatokat jelen idej feltteles mdv a
plda alapjn!
Rewrite the sentences in the second conditional as in the
example.
B If she's at home, she'll answer the phone.
If she were at home, she'd answer the phone.
1. We'll go to the beach if it isn't too cold.
2. If you break it, you'll have to pay for it.
3. If I don't manage to fix it myself, I'll take it to the mechanic.
4. If you hang the clothes in the garden, they will dry soon.
5. If you like those trainers, I'll buy them for you.
6. What will happen if your brother doesn't come home tonight?
7. Will they cut off my electricity if I don't pay the bill?
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8. If little Johnny is careful enough, he won't fall off the stairs.
9. Pat will catch a cold if she doesn't put on warm clothes.
10. If it snows at the weekend, we'll go skiing in the mountains.
11 .That box will look better if you paint it light blue.
12. If you travel by plane, you'll get there a lot sooner.
13.They will certainly come if you ask them in time.
14. If I have more time, I'll write a long letter to you.
15. Patsy will be very pleased if you remember her birthday.
6
Tegye a zrjelben lev igket a megfelel alakba, hogy jelen
idej feltteles mondatokat kapjon!
Use the right form of the verbs in brackets to get sentences
in the second conditional.
1. If my parents......................(give) me more money, I .......................
(buy) a camera.
2. If I ......................(have) some free time now, I ....................... (play)
with my dog.
3.......................... (you, tell) Peter to come to my party if you
......................(see) him?
4. What.......................... (your mother, do) if you ..........................
(not arrive) home on time?
5. If I ......................(be) you, I ........................(buy) the blue jacket.
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6. If he......................(can do) that alone, he....................... (not ask)
for your help.
7..........................(you, mind) it if I ........................(come) a little late
next Monday?
8. If I ......................(live) on a desert island, I ....................... (have to)
go fishing every day.
9. If my father ................................ (work) in the next town, he
.......................(have to) get up an hour earlier every morning.
10. If Hungarian students ...................... (watch) English films with
subtitles, their English......................(improve) a lot.
11. If people......................(take) public transport to work instead of
their cars, there......................(be) less pollution in our city.
12.1 .....................(tell) him the truth if I ........................(be) you.
13.1 ....................(not do) it even if you....................(offer) me a fortune.
14.1 .................... (not marry) him even if he....................... (beg) me.
15. Even if you .................... (leave) right away, you......................
(be) at least 5 minutes late.
Q Az even if" kifejezs a felttelt nyomatkostja, azt jelenti, hogy
mg akkor is/sem, ha".
7
Mit tenne a kvetkez helyzetekben? Adjon egsz mondatos v
laszokat a zrjelben lev szavak, kifejezsek fel hasznlsval!
What would you do in the following situations? Answer the
questions using the prompts in brackets.
Q What would you do if ...
1. you met Prince Harry? (autograph)
2. you found a wallet in the street? (police station)
200
3. you had a headache? (aspirin)
4. you won the lottery? (travel)
5. you didn't understand your Maths homework? (teacher, explain)
6. you went to London? (double-decker bus)
7. the house next door caught fire? (fire brigade)
8. you got on the wrong bus? (at the next stop)
9. you had a driving licence? (drive to school)
10. you hurt your best friend? (apologise)
Q A can segdignek a feltteles md alakja: could.
G / can't talk to you now, I'm too busy. - Most nem tudok veled
beszlni, tl sok dolgom van.
If I weren't so busy, I could talk to you now. - Ha nem lenne annyi
dolgom, tudnk most beszlni veled.
8
Mi lenne, ha nem gy lenne? rjon feltteles mondatokat a
megadott szitucikra a plda alapjn!
What would happen if the situation was different? Write
sentences shown in the example.
G They are sad because I can't go to their wedding party.
They would be glad if I could go to their wedding party.
201
1. He doesn't work hard enough, so he earns very little.
2. Your plants don't grow well because you don't water them
frequently.
3. Pigs don't have wings, so they can't fly.
4. Chris doesn't want coffee, so I won't make one.
5. I'm not diligent enough, so I don't make any progress.
6. Oil is lighter than water, so it floats.
7. He doesn't like this car, so he won't buy it.
8. We don't know his address, so we can't send him a postcard.
9. I'm not invited to the party, so I won't go.
10. Joanna doesn't feel well, so she won't get out of bed.
11. Chris isn't fat at all, because he doesn't eat a lot.
12. Paul is too short, that's why he isn't in the basketball team.
13.1 can't talk to Jacques because I don't speak French.
14. We can't go skiing as there isn't enough snow.
15. My brother can't swim yet, so he can't go into the pool on his own.
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Clauses - Mellkmondatok
13.Clauses - Mellkmondatok
Time-clause - Idhatrozi mellkmondat
Leggyakoribb ktszavai:
when - amikor
before - mieltt
after - miutn
as soon as - amint
as long as - amg
in case - htha / arra az esetre, ha
until - amg (valami meg nem trtnik)
while - amg
Q Amikor a mondat jv idre utal, az idhatrozi mellkmon
datban egyszer jelen idben (Present Simple) ll az lltmny. E
ktszavak utn nem llhat jv idej lltmny.
Q I'll call you when I arrive. - Felhvlak, amikor megrkezem.
Az idhatrozi mellkmondat lehet a mondat els tagmondata is, a
jelents nem vltozik. Ha azonban a mellkmondat az els tagmondat,
vessz ll utna.
Q When I arrive, I'll call you.
Az until ktsz utn llt alak az lltmny, br magyarul ltalban
tagad mondattal fordtjuk.
Q Will you stay with the kids until I get back? - Itt maradnl a
gyerekekkel, amg n vissza nem rek?
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1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10
Kapcsolja ssze az albbi mondatprokat egy jv idre
utal sszetett mondatt a megadott ktsz segtsgvel!
Combine the two sentences with the time expressions.
a) I go home. b) I finish work. (when)
I'll go home when I finish work, or When I finish work, I'll go home.
a) I go shopping. b) I call you. (before)
a) He is very happy. b) He gets the message.(as soon as)
a) He buys a newspaper. b) He gets on the train. (before)
a) I finish reading the book. b) I lend it to you. (after)
a) They buy a bag of popcorn.b) They sit down. (before)
a) Mary calls you. b) Her baby is born. (as soon as)
a) I look after your kids. b) You're away. (while)
a) I tell you my secret. b) You promise not to tell it to anyone.
(as long as)
a) The children go out to playin the garden, b) It stops raining.
(as soon as)
a) I take an umbrella with me., b) It rains. (in case)
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2
Az albbi jv idre utal mondatokban adja meg a
zrjelbe tett igk megfelel alakjt!
Give the right form of the verbs in brackets.
2.
3.
1. I promise I (speak)....................
.................................in London.
All the workers (have to leave)
after their shift (be)..................
I don't think the fair (close).....
only English while I (be)
over.
.....the factory
until night (fall)
4. I think you should go sightseeing before it (get)......................... dark.
5. We (not start) .................................. our journey until this fog
(disappear)....................................
6. (you / think).................................about it for a while before you
(say)................................."No"?
7. I (stop).................................cutting the grass as soon as it (start)
.................................raining.
8. I (have)................................. a nice cup of tea right after I (get)
home.
9. I (make).................................some sandwiches for you in case you
(get).................................hungry on the train.
10. Do you know what she (do) ................................. with her dog
when she (go).................................on holiday in July?
11 .We (be).................................on the beach when your plane (land)
.................................but I (have)...................................my mobile
phone with me, so (you / give ) .................................me a ring?
12. Could you wait here until I (find)........................... the manager?
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Relative clause - Vonatkoz nvmsi mellkmondat
Q A fmondatban megnevezett fnevet jelli ki vagy hatrozza meg
kzelebbrl. A mellkmondat ktszval kapcsoldik a fmon
dathoz. Ezekben a mondatokban a ktsz el nem tesznk
vesszt.
Ha a fnv szemly, a ktsz who vagy that.
ltalban a who ktszt hasznljuk, ha a fnv alanyesetben van,
ms esetekben mindkett j.
Q / met a man. He works in my father's office. ->/ met (al)the man
who works in my father's office- Tallkoztam (egy/) azzal a frfival,
aki apukm irodjban dolgozik.
You're writing a letter to a man. Do I know him? ->Do I know the
man that/who you are writing this letter to? - Ismerem azt az
embert, akinek ezt a levelet rod?
Ha a fnv egyb llnyt vagy trgyat jell, a ktsz which vagy
that.
Q / bought a bag. It was in the shop window. ->/ bought the bag
which/ that was in the shop window. - Megvettem a tskt, ami a
kirakatban volt.
A vonatkoz nvmsi mellkmondat bekeldhet a fmondatba.
Q / met a young boy on the train. He's from Switzerland. -> The
young boy that I met on the train is from Switzerland. - A fi,
akivel a vonaton tallkoztam, svjci.
206
3
Prostsa ssze a foglalkozsokat a rjuk jellemz
tevkenysggel, majd alkosson sszetett mondatokat a
minta alapjn!
Match the names of professions with the activities and make
sentences with relative clauses as in the example.
e
teacher teach children
A teacher is someone who teaches children.
1. professor paint portraits
2. doctor cook meals in a restaurant
3. nurse carry luggage
4. photographer perform something on the stage
5. porter cure sick people
6. chef give lectures at the university
7. actor
look after sick people in hospital
8. painter take pictures
4
Prostsa ssze a trgyak nevt azzal, amire hasznljuk ket,
majd alkosson sszetett mondatokat a minta alapjn!
Match the objects with what they are used for and make
sentences with relative clauses as in the example.
Q an umbrella protect you in the rain
An umbrella is something that protects you in the rain.
1. a pair of scissors
2. a calculator
3. lawnmower
4. hairdryer
5. washing machine
6. oven
7. CD player
8. vacuum cleaner
bake cakes
cut the grass in your garden
clean your carpet and floor
cut things
clean the dirty clothes
play music
make you hair dry
help you count
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
5
Kapcsolja ssze a mondatokat a megfelel vonatkoz
nvmsi ktszval!
Join the sentences with the right relative pronoun.
208
Q Do you like the painting? It's above his desk.
Do you like the painting which/that is above his desk?
1. Here is your message. Mr Brown left it yesterday.
2. The couple got a washing machine from his grandmother. It broke
down after two weeks.
3. I know a lot of people. They don't speak languages.
4. Where are the guests? They ordered this champagne.
5. This is a river. It flows across our city.
6. There's a man on the phone. He wants to talk to you.
7. I like the flowers. They are in front of your house.
8. She's watching a filpi. I don't like it.
9. There's a hole on this jumper. I bought it yesterday.
10.The ticket office is in the centre. It sold these concert tickets.
11. A person asked us for some directions. He spoke the language with
a strange accent.
12. George works in a shop. The shop sells mobile phones.
209
Q Ha a vonatkoz nvmsi ktsz trgyesetben van, elhagyhat.
Termszetesen ha a ktsz a mellkmondat alanya, nem hagyhat el.
B There's a book on my desk which/that doesn't belong to me. -
Van egy knyv az asztalon, ami nem az enym.
(Ebben a mondatban a ktsz alany, teht nem hagyhat el.)
The book (which/that) I'm reading now is in English. - A knyv, amit
most olvasok, angolul van.
(Ebben a mondatban a ktsz a mellkmondat trgya, teht
elhagyhat.)
Ha a ktszra elljr vonatkozik, az elljr gyakran a mondat (vagy
a szerkezet) vgre kerl. Mivel elljrsz utn trgyeset van az
angolban, a ktsz ilyenkor is elhagyhat.
B A camera is something with which you can take photographs. =
(Ha az elljr a nvms eltt van, csak which hasznlhat.)
A camera is something which/that you can take photographs
with. = A camera is something you can take photographs with. -
A fnykpezgp olyan dolog, amivel fnykpeket lehet kszteni.
A who ktsz trgyesetben: whom
B Tom introduced me the girl with whom he was walking. =
Tomintroduced me the girl who(m) he was walking with. =
Tom introduced me the girl he was walking with. - Tombemutatta
nekem a lnyt, akivel stlt.
6
Hasznlja a vonatkoz nvmst, ahol szksges! Ha
elhagyhat, hzza ki a helyt!
Give the relative pronoun where necessary. Write a dash (-)
where you can leave it out.
210
1. He's the only student.....................knows the answer.
2. Was the waiter.....................served you in the restaurant polite?
3. The people.....................we visited yesterday were very nice.
4. I like the house.....................they have just bought.
5. A coach is someone.....................trains athletes.
6. I'm reading the book.....................you lent me the other day.
7. Do you know the woman.................has just entered the room?
8. Where is the hat.....................you wore yesterday afternoon?
9. Bring me the box....................is under the table.
10. The jokes.....................he tells are usually very funny. Everybody
laughs at them.
11. How did you find the boy.....................broke your window?
12. This was the worst experience.................. I have ever had.
13. Who was the girl.....................gave you a lift home?
14. A kettle is something.....................we boil water in.
15. A piece of chalk is something with..........you write on the board.
16. We stayed at the hotel.....................you recommended.
17. A toothbrush is something.................you brush your teeth with.
18. This is the bus.................. will take you to the station.
19.1 got on the tram...................was going to the wrong direction.
20. The vase..........fell on the floor was too near the edge of the shelf.
Helyhatrozi mellkmondat
Q Helyhatrozt is kifejezhetnk alrendel mellkmondattal.
A ktsz: where
Q / wouldn't like to live in a place where it is always cold. - Nem
szeretnk olyan helyen lakni, ahol mindig hideg van.
211
A where ktsz helyett gyakran llhat in/at which:
Q The hotel where we stayed was very cheap. =
The hotel (which) we stayed at was very cheap. - A szlloda, ahol
(amelyben) megszlltunk, nagyon olcs volt.
Birtokviszonyos mellkmondat
Q Birtokos is kifejezhet mellkmondattal, ekkor a ktsz: whose.
Q This morning I gave a lift to a neighbour whose car wouldn't start.
- Ma reggel elvittem kocsival egy szomszdomat, akinek nem indult
az autja.
7
Fejezze be a mondatokat gy, hogy hozzjuk kapcsolja a
megadott tagmondatok egyikt a where ktszval!
Complete the sentences using where and one of the
sentences as a relative clause.
a) You want me to put the spoons there.
b) You can have a drink and surf the Internet there.
c) You had your wedding reception there.
d) They can repair my bag there.
e) Sick people are cured there.
f) My father was born there.
Q People who have committed a crime are kept there.
A prison is a place where people who have committed a crime are
kept.
1. How did you find the restaurant...................................................?
2. A hospital is a place..........................................................................
212
3. Can you show me the drawer....................................................... ?
4. A can't find a place in town..............................................................
5. The village.......................................................has grown a lot and
become a town.
6. An Internet caf is a place ................................................................
8
Hasznlja a megfelel vonatkoz nvmsi ktszt (who,
which, that, whose, where), ahol szksges!
a Use the appropriate relative pronoun (who, which, that,
whose, where) where necessary.
1. I met a boy on holiday in Croatia............. taught me how to dive.
2. Have you watched the video film............. you rented last week?
3. I spoke to the woman..............son failed the exam.
4. The doctor............. I was sent to didn't even examine me.
5. The boy............. idea the excursion was didn't come.
6. The parents..........children are late for the classes will get a note.
7. The tiny island ...........we spent most of our holiday was really
charming.
8. East Anglia is the area in England............. you can still see houses
with thatched roofs.
9. They had a romantic holiday. The house..............they stayed in
didn't have running water and electricity.
10. The boy...........you met last week asked me to say hello to you.
11 .There are many people............. main ambition is to go to space.
12.The nearest supermarket......I went to didn't have any bread left.
13.1 usually buy clothes in the shop............is next to the library.
14. The coach..............goes to Bath leaves from Platform 4.
15. Did you manage to meet the man to............. you sent your letter
of complaint?
213
16. Romeo and Juliet were two lovers......parents hated each other.
17. Terry is planning to visit the cllege...........he studied.
18. The firm..............Gerry is working for is sending him to its Brussels
office.
19. The garden ........... her bedroom window looks over is full of
spring flowers.
20. The house........... was in the way of the new motorway was
demolished.
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Reported speech - Fgg beszd
14. Reported speech - Fgg beszd
Q A fgg beszd lnyege, hogy a beszl szavait nem sz szerint
idzzk, hanem annak pontos tartalmt foglaljuk ssze.
Q "I'm tired," Peter says. ->Peter says that he is tired. - Pter azt
mondja, hogy fradt.
Kijelent mondat
Q Kijelent mondatokat idzve a fmondatot that ktszval
kapcsolhatjuk a mellkmondathoz, de a ktsz el is hagyhat.
A magyarhoz hasonlan logikusan vltoztatni kell az alanyt, a
mutat, szemlyes s birtokos nvmst, ahol szksges.
Q "My cat likes milk," grandma says. ->Grandma says that her cat
likes milk. -A nagymama azt mondja, hogy a macskja szereti a tejet.
"I'm leaving you forever," the boy's telling his girlfriend. - The
boy's telling his girlfriend that he's leaving her forever. - A fi azt
mondja a bartnjnek, hogy rkre elhagyja t.
"I'll buy the flowers myself," the bridegroom says. -> The
bridegroom says that he'll buy the flowers himself. - A vlegny
azt mondja, hogy maga fogja megvenni a virgokat.
Elfordul, hogy nem ugyanazon a helyen idzzk fel valakinek a
szavait, mint ahol azok elhangzottak. Ilyenkor termszetesen vltoznak
bizonyos helyhatrozk, igk:
here there
come -> go
bring -> take
Q My mum tells me "You should come here." ->My mum tells me that I
should go there. - Anyukm azt mondja nekem, oda kell mennem.
215
Q A fgg beszd fmondatban az ige leggyakrabban: say vagy teli.
Jelentsk azonos, de hasznlatuk ms. A teli trgyas ige, teht utna
mindig ki kell tennnk a trgyat, vagyis azt, akinek mondunk valamit:
tell somebody.
A say ige utn nem ktelez trgyat tenni. Ha kitesszk azt, hogy
kinek mondunk valamit, a to elljrszt kell hasznlnunk:
say something (to somebody).
Q Father says that his car won't start. - Apa azt mondja, hogy az
autja nem fog beindulni.
Father says to the mechanic that his car won't start. - Apa azt
mondja a szerelnek, hogy...
Father tells the mechanic that his car won't start. - Apa azt
mondja a szerelnek, hogy...
1
Fejezze be a kvetkez mondatokat! Hasznljon fgg beszdet!
Complete the following sentences. Use reported speech.
1. "I bought my car a week ago."
John says...........................................................................................
2. "We're going to get married next year."
Tim and Fiona say.............................................................................
3. "My father's an engineer."
Ben says.............................................................................................
4. "I've been cleaning this flat all day."
The cleaning lady says......................................................................
5. "We were here last week, too."
Judy thinks........................................................................................
6. "I haven't met your boyfriend yet."
My cousin tells me............................................................................
7. "I'll be back in an hour."
Tim promises his mother..................................................................
216
8. "I've spent all my money."
David confesses his wife........................................
9. "You must work a lot harder."
The boss tells us.....................................................
10. "I'll be able to pass my exam."
Susan hopes...........................................................
11. "I'll bring you some tea when you have finished."
Susan tells the repairman......................................
12. "I'll do everything I can to help you."
Mother promises her daughter.............................
Krd mondat
Q Amennyiben valakinek a krd mondatt idzzk, tovbbi vltoz
tatsokra van szksg.
Alapszably, hogy a fgg krds valjban nem krds, ezrt
szrendje egyenes, azaz krd helyett llt szrendje van, s nem
hasznljuk benne azokat a segdigket, amelyek a krds-
feltevshez szksgesek: (do/did).
Ktszavak
1. kiegsztend krds esetn a krd mondat krdszava: who,
what, when, stb.
B "Where does Jane live?" the teacher asks. >The teacher asks
where Jane lives. - A tanr azt krdezi, hol lakik Jane.
"When did you find your pen ? " my mum asks me. >My mum asks
me where I found my pen. - Anyukm azt krdezi tlem, hol
talltam meg a toliam.
"How long have you been here?" the nurse asks the patient. -
The nurse asks the patient how long he has been there. - A nvr
azt krdezi a betegtl, hogy (a beteg) mita van ott.
217
2. eldntend krds esetn: if vagy whether
Q "Do you like milk?" my aunt asks me. >My aunt asks me
if/ whether I like milk. - A nagynnm azt krdezi tlem, hogy
szeretem-e a tejet.
"Is this the right address?" the woman asks me in the office. The
woman asks me if/ whether that is the right address. - A n azt
krdezi tlem, hogy az e a pontos cm.
A fmondatban az ask ige mellett hasznlhat mg: want to know,
wonder.
Q She wants to know what time they will arrive. - Tudni akarja, hogy
mikor rkeznek meg.
I wonder what will happen next. - Kvncsi vagyok, hogy mi fog
trtnni.
2
Fejezze be a kvetkez mondatokat! Hasznljon fgg krdst!
Complete the following sentences. Use reported questions.
1. "Do you like strawberries?"
Grandma asks her granddaughter...................................................
2. "Would you like strawberry ice cream?"
The waiter asks us.............................................................................
3. "Have you met my brother?"
Peter asks Sheila................................................................................
4. "How long has your mum been away?"
The teacher asks Paul........................................................................
5. "Who is Mrs Brown?"
Father wants to know.......................................................................
6. "Is Mrs Brown your Biology teacher?"
Father asks his son............................................................................
7. "What's happening here?"
The headmaster asks the students...................................................
218
i
8. "When did you finish your work last night?"
The boss asks Mr Jones.........................................................
9. "Aren't you feeling well?"
The school nurse asks Jimmy...............................................
10. "Do you want to go by plane or by coach?"
The travel agent asks Mary...................................................
11. "Is it going to rain this afternoon?"
I wonder...............................................................................
12. "Can you cook?"
My future mother-in-law wants to know...........................
13. "Who are you in love with?"
Mother asks her daughter...................................................
14. "Do you love me?"
Sheila asks Bob.....................................................................
15. "What are you planning to do during the autumn break?"
The teacher asks her students.............................................
Felszlt mondat
Q Felszlt mondatokat is idzhetnk fgg beszdben. Parancs
vagy tilts esetn a tell somebody to do something fnvi
igeneves szerkezetet hasznljuk.
Q "Stand up, Michael." >The teacher tells Michael to stand up. -
A tanr azt mondja Michaelnek, hogy lljon fel.
''Don't open my letter," says my brother. ->My brother tells me
not to open his letter. - A btym azt mondja nekem, hogy ne
nyissam ki a levelt.
Ha krst tolmcsolunk, az ask somebody to do something
szerkezetet hasznljuk.
Q "Sit down, please, Michael." - The teacher asks Michael to sit
down. - A tanr arra kri Michaelt, hogy ljn le.
219
J Reported speech - Fgg beszd
Q Tbbes szm els szemly felszlts esetn a fmondatban
gyakran a suggest igt hasznljuk, a mellkmondatban pedig
Gerund alakot vagy a should segdigt.
Q "Let's go to the cinema," Mary says. - Mary suggests going to
the cinema. =Mary suggests that we should go to the cinema.
- Mary azt javasolta, menjnk moziba.
3
Tegye fgg beszdbe az albbi mondatokat!
Put the following sentences into Indirect Speech.
1. "Please help me to look for my glasses," my Grandma asks me.
2. "What time is it?" Peter wants to know.
3. "Gerry came to see us yesterday," mum tells me on the phone.
4. "Do you know the answer to this question, Jill?" the teacher asks.
5. "Put on your coat or you may feel cold," mother tells her son.
6. "Please go out and get me a newspaper," father asks Donald.
7. "I'll return in time for the meeting," my boss promises.
8. "Go out and play in the garden," Mary tells her children.
9. "Let's invite both of them," my friend tells me.
10. "Tomorrow we're going to visit the cathedral," the tour guide says
to the tourists.
220
11. "Will you post this letter for me?" Mrs White asks her neighbour.
12. "When is the next train to Poole?" a passenger asks the man at the
information office.
13. "Why are all your books lying on the floor?" Jane asks her roommate.
14. "Can you bring me a carton of milk when you come?" Grandma
asks her grandson.
15. "Who are you waiting for?" Jill asks me.
16. "Don't touch anything until I get back," the Chemistry teacher tells
the students.
17. "Will they believe me?" she wonders.
18. "My mum doesn't let me go with you," Peter tells his friends.
19. "Can you slow down a bit?" Jill asks her husband.
20. "Please don't tell the news to anybody," Janet asks her sister.
4
Adja meg a mondatba ill say, tell vagy ask igt a megfelel
alakban!
Complete the sentences with the right verbs (say, tell or ask)
in the appropriate form.
me I'm right.
....him my name.
1. He has never....
2. I only wanted to
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3. He.......................he doesn't want to do it again.
4. Why don't you.......................him this question?
5. I'm going to.......................you later why I want you to come.
6. Why didn't you.......................me to drive you there?
7. How often do you have to.......................them to be quiet?
8. Who.......................that I don't like skiing?
9. They don't................... you what happens at the end of the film.
10. The officer.....................the woman what her name is.
5
lltsa a szavakat megfelel sorrendbe, hogy rtelmes
mondatokat kapjon!
Rearrange the words to get meaningful sentences.
1. by / has / David / to / back / says / he / 4 o'clock / be
2. the / won't / tells / her / Pat / mouth / that / she / open / dentist
3. bank/ a/ asking / Mary/where / is/the / policeman / is
4. gets / mother / wants / what time / David / his / know / to / home
5. wonder / the / isn't / of / students / open / classroom / the / why /
door/ their
6. often / John / us / asks / skating / we / go / if
7. visitors/ to / ask / not / noise / librarians/the / make / often
8. in / next to / who / my / asks / son / sat / class / I / me
222
Conjunctions and linkers - Ktszk, a szveg kapcsolelemei
15.Conjunctions and linkers -
Ktszk, a szveg kapcsolelemei
Azonos mondatrszek s tagmondatok sszekapcsolsra leggyak
rabban a kvetkez mellrendel ktszkat hasznljuk:
1. and - s
Q John and Mary are in love. - Jnos s Mari szerelmesek.
She bought a magazine and (she) started to read it. - Vett egy
jsgot s elkezdte olvasni.
O Ha a kt tagmondat alanya azonos, nem szksges megismtel
nnk az alanyt.
2. or - vagy
Q Would you like to have tea or coffee? - Tet vagy kvt krsz?
Would you like to go to the cinema or shall we stay at home tonight?
- Szeretnl moziba menni, vagy inkbb maradjunk itthon ma este?
3. but - de
B The dinner was very good but rather expensive. -A vacsora nagyon
j volt, de meglehetsen drga.
I wanted to apologise, but she refused to listen to me. - Bocsnatot
akartam krni tle, de nem volt hajland meghallgatni.
1
Tegye ki a mondatba ill ktszt: and/or/but\
Insert the appropriate linking word: and/or/but.
1. I have eaten sushi..............Tom hasn't.
2. Are the clothes in the washing machine.............in the dryer?
223
3. The old man is extremely kind............. generous.
4. I like coffee............. I don't like tea.
5. Which do you prefer, the blue sweater............. the green one?
6. Peter drove at 55 mph in a 40 mph zone..........got a traffic ticket.
7. The Vikings came from Scandinavia............. Cleopatra didn't.
8. It was raining hard............. there was a strong wind.
9. Joanna came to the meeting............. Tom stayed at home.
10. Tomorrow there will be some rain...........no wind.
11 .We have a dog............. our neighbours have one, too.
12. When I refused to help her any more, she became angry..............
shouted at me.
13. Do you want to watch TV............. listen to some music?
14.1 like these shoes. They're old............very comfortable.
15. Do you thinkyou'll be able to finish your work............. you'll need
someone to help you?
2
Alkosson sszetett mondatokat! Keresse meg a mondathoz
ill tagmondatot s kapcsolja ket ssze a megfelel
ktszval!
Make compound sentences. Find the second half of the
sentence and join the clauses with the right linking word.
You can sit where you are.
I'll call the police.
You can ask for help.
I can't remember his name.
They will hurt even more.
We took some nice photographs.
There's a radiator in every room.
She hasn't got married yet.
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Would you like to walk?
We can't move in until next month.
Q Nobody in the family has got a driving licence.
They've got a canbut nobody in the family has got a driving licence.
1. Go away.............................................................................................
2. We went on a sightseeing tour........................................................
3. I know we've met..............................................................................
4. Shall we call a taxi.............................................................................
5. You can always call me.....................................................................
6. This house has central heating.........................................................
7. You can come over here...................................................................
8. We've bought a new house..............................................................
9. Ruth has been engaged for three years...........................................
10. Try to stay calm while the doctor is treating your wounds...........
Q A tagmondatok kzti ok-okozati, kvetkeztet s ellenttes viszony
kifejezsre a kvetkez ktszavakat is hasznlhatjuk:
1. because - mert (a cselekvs oknak kifejezsre)
Q / want to go to bed very early tonight, because I'm very tired. -
Korn akarok ma este lefekdni, mert nagyon fradt vagyok.
Frank had to take the train to go home for the holiday, because
he didn't have enough money to buy his airplane ticket. - Franknek
vonattal kellett hazamennie a sznidre, mert nem volt elg pnze
repljegyre.
225
2. so - gy (kvetkeztets kifejezsre)
Q I'm very tired, so I want to go to bed very early tonight. - Nagyon
fradt vagyok, gy ma este korn akarok lefekdni.
Frank didn't have enough money to buy his airplane ticket, so he
had to take the train to go home for the holiday. - Franknek nem
volt elg pnze repljegyre, gy vonattal kellett hazamennie a
sznidre.
3. although / though / even though - br, habr
Q Although it was quite cold, I went swimming. - Br elg hideg volt,
elmentem szni.
Even though I had a big breakfast, I felt really hungry two hours
later. - Br jl bereggeliztem, kt ra mlva jra hes voltam.
4. Ugyanezt a jelentst tudjuk kifejezni a kvetkez elljrszval:
in spite of / despite something - valami ellenre
Q / went swimming in spite of / despite the cold weather. - A hideg
id ellenre elmentem szni.
Hasznlhatjuk a kvetkez formban is:
Q In spite of I despite the fact that I had a big breakfast, I felt really
hungry two hours later. - Annak ellenre, hogy jl bereggeliztem,
kt ra mlva jra hes voltam.
3
Hasznlja a megfelel ktszt (so, because), s a
tagmondatokbl vlasztva fejezze be a mondatokat!
Use the appropriate linking word (so, because) and choosing
from the clauses complete the sentences.
She was ill.
She wasn't interested.
226
It was very hot in the room.
He asked the teacher to explain it again.
I'm starving now.
I didn't know the address.
Everybody likes her.
It's late.
You should try to talk to him.
You won't find them at home this evening.
1. I switched on the air-conditioner
2. They've left for Italy........................
3. Claire is a very friendly girl.............
4. Judy didn't come to school today ...
5. I won't ask you in...........................
6. Jill didn't go to the meeting...........
7. I didn't have time to have breakfast
8. I couldn't post the letter.................
9. Jack didn't understand anything ...
10. Tom refuses to listen to me......... *1
4
Hasznlja az although, in spite of/ despite kifejezseket!
Fejezze be a msodik mondatot gy, hogy jelentse
megegyezzen az els mondatval!
Use the phrases although, in spite of/ despite. Rewrite each
sentence without changing the meaning of the first
sentence.
1. Although it was raining, we went out for a walk.
Despite..........................................................................................
227
2. In spite of the snow they decided to go by car.
Although...........................................................................................
3. Even though the food they served for dinner was terrible, we
went there for dinner the next day too, because Jim liked the
waitress.
Despite..............................................................................................
4. Despite being sad Sally tried to smile at everybody there.
Although...........................................................................................
5. In spite of her low grades, she was admitted to university.
Although...........................................................................................
6. Although Liz is not a Hungarian citizen, she has to pay income taxes
in Hungary.
Despite..............................................................................................
7. Despite the fact that he was really tired, he couldn't sleep.
Even though......................................................................................
8. Despite being the better team, they couldn't win the match.
Although........................................................................................... *1**4
5
Egsztse ki a mondatokat a megfelel szavakkal: although,
in spite of/ despite1.
Complete the sentences with the right words: although, in
spite of/ despite.
1...........................the weather, we had a great time in Scotland.
2. He doesn't earn too much,................... he has a very responsible
position at the firm.
3. Frank didn't panic................... he was alone and lost in the forest.
4.......................driving really carefully, Jack hit someone on the road.
228
5. It's still hot in here....................... I've switched off the heating
and opened the window.
6 ..................I'm not feeling good, I'll go to class because we're
having a test.
7 .................... she's only 2 years old, she understands what's going
on in the family.
8 ........................his fortune, he's a rather unhappy man.
9 .................... Ann is a good student, she didn't get the scholarship.
10 ......................all the hard work, he didn't pass his exam. 12345678910*12
6
Hasznlja a mondatba ill ktszt: and/or/but/because/
although!
Complete the sentences with the right linking word: and/or/
but/ because /although.
1. Esther speaks Spanish well................she lived in Chile for a year.
2. They delivered my letter................it didn't have any stamps on.
3. Tina looks quite fit......................she doesn't get much exercise.
4. Jill doesn't speak Spanish,.......................she'll have to take classes
if she wants to work in Mexico.
5. Fred is a good student,.......................his younger brother isn't.
6. I'm going on a diet,................I won't eat at a fast food restaurant.
7. I couldn't understand her,.......................she talked too fast.
8. It was a cold day,.......................I had to wear my jacket.
9. Why are you wearing this funny hat? Are you going to a party
.......................are you so cold?
10. He's got a guitar,.......................he can't play it.
11.........................he can't play the guitar, he has one.
12. You can go to school on foot.......................you can take the bus.
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14. Please sit down
13 it rained heavily, they played the match,
i ................... make yourself at home while I make
a cup of tea.
15.Tom and Tim look alike, they are not exactly the same.
Pros ktszavak
1. either... or-vagy ... vagy
neither... nor - sem ... sem
Q You can go either by coach or by train. - Mehetsz busszal vagy
vonattal.
You either accept the rules or you're fired. - Vagy elfogadod a
szablyokat, vagy ki vagy rgva.
Neither you nor your sister should know about it. - Se neked, se
a nvrednek nem kellene tudni errl.
2. both ... and - mind ... mind
Q Peter is both lazy and rather irresponsible. - Pter lusta s radsul
elgg feleltlen is.
I would like to meet both your father and your mother. - Mind
apukddal, mind anyukddal szeretnk tallkozni.
3. not only ... but also - nemcsak ... hanem
Q In the 9th grade you have to study not only Maths but also
Chemistry. -A 9. vfolyamon nemcsak matematikt, hanem kmit
is kell tanulni.
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7
Fejezze ki az albbi mondatprok tartalmt egy mondatban a
fenti ktszavakat hasznlva!
Combine the two sentences using the linking words above.
Q My mother talked to the teacher. My father talked to the teacher, too.
Both my mother and my father talked to the teacher.
1. We can prepare dinner for them. We can take them to a restaurant,
too.
2. I'm going to give my friend a CD for her birthday, or I can give her
a necklace.
3. The driver of the car wasn't injured in the accident. The passengers
weren't injured in the accident.
4. The cyclist was taken to hospital. The pedestrian was taken to
hospital, too.
5. He never drinks alcohol. He doesn't smoke.
6. I don't know how they do it. They bought a house. They bought a
new car at the same time.
231
7. The guests had lunch with us. They stayed here for dinner, too.
8. The Maths teacher is ill today. The Biology teacher is away, too.
9. Tomorrow there will be rain. Or there will be snow.
10. I'm really unlucky. Today I lost my wallet. Then I lost my key, too.
232
16. Word formation - Szkpzs
Fnvkpzs
Leggyakoribb kpzk:
1. Fnvbl kpeznk fnevet:
-ist (a fogalom mveljt jelli)
novel ->novelist
art ->artist
-in (fogalommal jellt tevkenysg mveljnek megnevezsre)
music ->musician
politics ->politician
-ship
friend >friendship
relation ->relationship
-ess (egy fnv nnem alakjt kpeznk vele)
duke >duchess
steward - stewardess
-hood
child ->childhood
neighbour neighbourhood
2. Mellknvbl kpeznk fnevet:
-ness
happy ->happiness
kind - kindness
ty#-ity, -y
a/e ability
safe ->safety
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Word formation - Szkpzs
-er
foreign >foreigner
teenage ->teenager
-th
long ->length
wide - width
-age
short ->shortage
-ence
intelligent - intelligence
patient - patience
3. Igbl kpeznk fnevet:
-er (egyes esetekben -ar, -or, -eer; a kpzett sz a cselekvs vg
zjt jelli)
advise >adviser
build ->builder
create >creator
lie ->liar
-al
arrive ->arrival
refuse ->refusal
-ment
exc/fe excitement
punish ->punishment
-tion, -ion, -sion
discuss >discussion
educate >education
234
-ance
disappear ->disappearance
insure >insurance
-ing (ez tulajdonkppen a Gerund alak, mely fneveslt)
train - training
feel ->feeling
4. Klnbz szfajokbl kpeznk fnevet:
-y
deliver - delivery
robber robbery
-ism
hero - heroism
real ->realism
A fenti szablyoktl azonban -sokszor a helyesrsuk miatt -
gyakran eltr egyes szavak kpzse.
destroy destruction
solve ->solution
Egyb esetekben egyni szalkotsi md is elfordulhat:
grow ->growth
think >thought
weigh ->weight
thief ->theft
young ->youth
235
Kpezzen foglalkozsokat jell fneveket az albbi
szavakbl, s rja ket a kpznek megfelel oszlopba!
Form nouns from the following words with the meaning of
jobs or activities and write them in the correct column.
manage interpret
music art
survive reception
invent mathematics
produce act
-er -ian
politics science
journal photograph
teach humour
entertain style
economy advise
-ist
2
Kpezzen a kvetkez szavakbl elvont fneveket!
Form abstract nouns from the following words.
1. to discover
2. jealous ....
3. stupid .....
4. monarch ..
11. sweet ....
12. to agree
13. ill .........
14. to secure
236
5. republican
6. high.......
7. to ignore .
8. long .......
9. young ....
10. curious ....
15. real ........
16. critics.....
17. original ...
18. to protect
19. to move ..
20. to create .
3
Kpezzen a megadott mellknevekbl fnevet s tegye a
megfelel mondatba!
Form nouns from the following adjectives and insert them in
one of the sentences.
happy deep personal generous
short dark long lazy
able free
1. The teacher got tired of the.............................. of the class.
2. The guests at the wedding wished the bride and bridegroom
.............................. in their life together.
3. Little Jimmy can't go to sleep in complete..............................., so
there's a small lamp switched on in his room.
4. We wanted to buy new furniture, so we measured the
.............................. of the room.
5. Do you think Jane has the.............................. to pass this test?
6. When he offered to give us the money, I was really moved by his
7. The...........................of the lake must be around 40 metres here.
8. At the moment there's a ...............................of fresh vegetables
on the market, so they're rather expensive.
237
9. This country fought for a long time to gain her.............................
10. Some people choose to wear clothes which don't suit their
Mellkn vkpzs
1. Fnvbl:
-y
hunger ->hungry
health >healthy
-ly
friend ->friendly
love - lovely
-en
wood - wooden
-ous
fame >famous
glory ->glorious
-some
hand ->handsome
-ful
pain ->painful
care ->careful
-less
pain ->painless
care careless
-a I
origin - original
tradition ->traditional
238
-ic, -ical
economy - economical
type ->typical
-ern
east eastern
south ->southern
2. Mellknvbl s fnvbl:
-ish
green greenish
child ->childish
3. Igbl:
-ive, -tive
compete >competitive
produce >productive
-ible, -able
sty/'i suitable
sense ->sensible
O Igbl kpzett folyamatos s befejezett mellknvi igenv is hasz
nlhat mellknvi szerepben. Lsd a Mellknv cm fejezetet!
4
Kpezzen mellknevet az albbi szavakbl!
Form adjectives from the following words.
1. hope
2. salt .
3. child
11. humour
12. effect ...
13. taste ....
239
4. accident.................................. 14. fool....
5. sun ......................................... 15. noise ...
6. gold ........................................ 16. north ..
7. wind ....................................... 17. luck....
8. fear......................................... 18. religion
9. steam ..................................... 19. to suit .
10. continent............................. 20. beauty
Kpezzen a zrjelben megadott szavakbl a mondatba ill
szt!
Complete the sentences with the right form of the words
given in brackets.
1. To be good at arts and crafts you have to be...................................
(create)
2. You mustn't sit at the dinner table with ......................................
hands. (dirt)
3. We hardly know anything about our new classmate. She's so
............................................................................................................ (mystery)
4. Your daughter has grown up to be a very.......................................
young lady. (attract)
5. We were so bored by his.....................................speech that we
almost fell asleep. (end)
6. Many people say that going down a mountain is much more
....................................... than climbing it. (danger)
7. Working with children was a .........................................experience.
(wonder)
8. He's so rich that he can afford to buy a huge ................................
house in London. (luxury)
240
9. He wanted to make me have a bite of the meat he roasted, but it
looked really............................. so I refused. (disgust)
10. Since the 1970s there has been a ....................................increase
in the destruction of rain forests. (drama)
Ellenttes jelents sz kpzse
Leggyakrabban eltaggal:
dis-
like - dislike
appear - disappear
mis
behave ->misbehave
lead >mislead
un
happy >unhappy
married ->unmarried
In
correct >incorrect
convenient inconvenient
im
possible ->impossible
patient impatient
ir
responsible >irresponsible
regular >irregular
il
logical ->illogical
legal >illegal
241
6
Adja meg a szavak ellenttes jelents prjt!
Give the opposite of the words.
1. fortunately.............................. 6. honest ........
2. to understand........................ 7. human ........
3. employed................................ 8. perfect........
4. patient.................................... 9. to agree......
5. moral...................................... 10. useful ..........
Igekpzs
-en
dark - darken
strength ->strengthen
7
Kpezzen a zrjelben megadott szavakbl a mondatba ill
szt!
t i Complete the sentences with the right form of the words
given in brackets.
1. John was so good at weightlifting that his coach encouraged him
to take part in................................... (compete)
2. That chair is rather........................................... Come and sit on the
sofa. (comfort)
3. If you get lost, ask a policeman for................................ (direct)
4. You can ask about your flight at the....................................desk.
(inform)
5. Everybody has to go to school. To get some basic.........................
is necessary for everybody. (educate)
242
6. Listen to the..................................., they will tell you at which gate
you can board the plane. (announce)
7. Besides its unique......................................location, Eastern Island
also has an extraordinary history. (geography)
8. There is an................................to many superstitions, (explain)
9. You're almost 18 now. You'll have to make a....................................
about your future soon. (decide)
10. Jack is a very funny boy, who wants to be a....................................
(comedy)
11. The stamps in my old collection are becoming more and more
............................................................................................................ (value)
12. He left without saying anything. Everybody was surprised at his
sudden......................................... (appear)
13.1 had a good meal, and it made me rather.....................................
(sleep)
14. At the end of the interview they asked me about my..................
(qualify)
15. He paid a lot of money for the necklace which turned out to be
......................................... (worth)
16. We took a less busy road to....................................... our journey.
(short)
17. He came home........................................ so no one was waiting for
him. (expect)
18. There was nothing you could do, the situation was........................
(avoid)
19. Moving to the country would mean a lot of
so we finally decided against it. (advantage)
20. Some young people need some.......................................to be able
to choose a career. (guide)
21. Old people wear their....................................... clothes at the time
of the festival in the village. (tradition)
243
22. Installing air-bags into cars increased
23. The newspaper is a means of mass...
24.1 don't think you're right. I completely
you.
25. He had some......................................
the flute.
(safe)
(communicate)
.....................................with
(agree)
education. He learnt to play
(music)
244
Final Test - Zr teszt
1
Tegye ki a szvegbe a nvelket, ahova szksges!
Insert an article where necessary.
One of............. (1) most famous disguise artist in..............(2) history
was Ralph Burgess,..............(3) Englishman from............... (4) early
20th century. He would often disguise himself as..............(5)priest,
..............(6) soldier or .............. (7) elderly man in order to rob
..............(8)people. His disguises were brilliant, and he carefully
changed ..............(9) way he spoke, walked, and acted in order to
make............. (10)disguise more convincing.
His plan was simple. First he would put on one of his disguises. Then,
he would knock on ..............(11) door o f ..............(12) rich country
home and explain how his car had broken down. He used all his charm
to convince them.
Once inside............. (13) house, he would ask for..............(14) glass
of water. Then, while..............(15) kind old lady or gentlemen was
getting it, Ralph would steal..............(16) family silver and put it in
..............(17) large bag that he had with him. In all his life he never had
to use ..............(18) violence. Just before his death he wrote
..............(19) letter of confession, which he left to his son, who was
completely ignorant of who his father really was. Ralph was
..............(20) example of..............(21) brilliantly clever and dedicated
disguise artist.
/disguise =lruha; lruhba ltzik/
245
2
rja a kifejezseket a megfelel oszlopba!
Put the time expressions in the right column.
the 19th century
2006
their wedding day
the 1990s
Easter
Thanksgiving Day
June
the morning
Tuesday
spring
the age of 20
two weeks
the moment
the end of the school
Friday night
1October
night
present
6.30 a.m.
New Year's Eve
year
in on at
3
rja a kifejezseket a megfelel oszlopba!
Put the expressions in the right column.
the mountains
my hand
the radio
a village
the park
the picture
my way to work
the floor
hospital
my bag
the top shelf
the wall
the room
the sky
work
bed
the cinema
a line
the traffic lights
the bus-stop
the station
home
the mirror
school
the end of the street
246
in on at
4
Egsztse ki a mondatokat a kvetkez szavak egyikvel:
somebody!anybodyinobody/ something/ anything/ nothing/
somewhere!anywhere!nowhere!
Complete the sentences with one of these words: somebody!
anybody/ nobody/ something!anything!nothing!somewhere!
anywhere!nowhere.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
There was.................to drink in the fridge, so we went to a pub.
She left the country last year. She lives.....................in the USA.
I lost my car key and I can't find it.......................
Does.....................see...................... ?
There I bought.....................for my son's birthday. It's in a month,
so now I have to hide it.......................
I didn't do.....................yesterday afternoon.
Is there.....................in the room? Why are the lights on?
Would you like to talk to.....................about this problem?
247
P Final Test - Zr teszt
9. James is the only person who understands this theory,
else does.
10. You mustn't go.....................until I come back.
5
Adja meg a zrjelbe tett szavak megfelel alakjt: Gerund,
Infinitive vagy Participle!
Give the right form of the verbs in brackets: Gerund,
Infinitive or Participle.
1. Our children don't really enjoy (spend).........................the holiday
by the sea, they prefer (go)........................ to the mountains.
2. Dad told us (turn down) ............................ the television as he
wanted (make)............................a phone call.
3. Please let me (help)............................you (do)..............................
the washing-up.
4. Kids, can you stop (fight)............................?
5. Thank you for (invite)............................ me to the barbecue. I'd
love (be)............................there, but I'm not sure yet.
6. Don is really looking forward to (go) ............................. skating
during the break.
7. My mum reminded me (buy)............................my tram pass.
8. He's not used to (work)............................on the computer.
9. The food in that restaurant was awful. It made me (feel)..............
sick.
10.lt was a holiday of a lifetime, (look) ............................. at San
Francisco from the top floor of the Pyramid Building was an
unforgettable experience.
11. Let me (pay)..........................for the drinks this time.
12.1 was worried about (learn).......................... Italian, but it turned
out (be)............................quite enjoyable.
13. She was really glad (see)..........................us there.
248
14. It's a very big city, it's easy (get lost)..........................here.
15.1 hope they won't switch off electricity in my house. I completely
forgot (pay)............................the bill this month.
16. Our neighbours aren't at home. I saw them (leave).........................
an hour ago.
17. It's not worth (travel)............................ far to do the shopping.
Petrol is expensive.
18. I'm not allowed (watch)............................the late night movie.
19. Would you mind (repeat).........................the question? I couldn't
hear you.
20. It was too late (go)............................anywhere.
6
Milyen krdszavak hinyoznak a kvetkez viccekbl?
What question words were taken out of the following jokes?
1 ...................is a river rich?
Because it's got two banks.
2 ..........................do ghosts go through locked doors?
With skeleton keys!
3 ..........................did the ghost say to the other ghost?
"Do you believe in people?"
4 ..........................did the ghost fail his Maths exam?
Because he used invisible ink.
5 ......................... would you do if you were walking down the street
and saw three ghosts following you?
Hope it was Halloween.
6. "A man lost fifty pence this morning in the High street," said Me
Tavish to a friend, "and I couldn't move until the crowd disappeared."
"........................couldn't you move?" asked the friend.
"Well," said Me Tavish, "I didn't want to take my foot off the fifty
pence piece."
249
7 ................... did the big chimney say to the small chimney?
"You're too little to smoke."
8 ..........................kind of star is dangerous?
A shooting star!
9 ..........................do you make a hotdog stand?
Steal its chair!
10. If Mr and Mrs Bigger had a baby, .......................would be the
biggest of the family?
The baby, because he's a little Bigger!
11 ........................did the barber win the race?
Because he took a shortcut.
12 ........................weighs more, a ton of feather or a ton of bricks?
Neither, they both weigh a ton!
13 ........................books can you put in an empty backpack?
One! After that it isn't empty!
14 ....................... do you know carrots are good for your eyes?
Because you've never seen rabbits wearing glasses!
15 ....................... happens to cows during an earthquake?
They give milk shakes!
7
A megfelel segdigt hasznlva fejezze ki mskpp az
alhzott kifejezs tartalmt!
Express the meaning of the underlined phrases using modal
verbs.
1. It was impossible for us to ao to our favourite restaurant because
they were decorating it.
2. Is it possible for me to have the menu, please?
3. Would you be so kind as to tell me the code for Manchester, please?
250
4. It's necessary for vou to wear a seatbelt when you drive in England.
5. In some schools it is compulsory for children to wear a uniform.

6. It's possible for vou to walk in the park but vou aren't allowed to
skateboard or play football.
7. They look so much alike that I'm sure they're twins.
8. It would be a good idea for vou to talk to your mum first.
9. You aren't allowed to take your ice-cream into the museum.
10. It will be necessary for vou to repair the fence, as it's not a good
idea that vour doa comes over to our garden.
11. I'm absolutely sure that he isn't in the library at the moment.
12. Is it necessary for me to get a visa to Egypt?
13. It isn't a good idea to go swimming after a big meal.
14. Is it OK if I open the window?
15.The headmaster let the students leave school early yesterday.
16. It's against the law to steal.
17. Perhaps the bag belongs to Kate.
18. I'm not quite sure if these tomatoes are fresh.
251
8
Tagadja a kvetkez mondatokat!
Make the following sentences negative.
1. It's a very exciting performance.
2. She's working extremely hard this week.

3. He's already finished his beer.
4. The kitchen needs to be decorated every year.
5. We've sold our old car.
6. Peter needs a Think Pad for his job.
7. We'll have to finish it in half an hour.
8. You must answer every question in detail.
9. You may stay up late today.
10. His parents could speak German at the age of five.
11.1 often visit my cousin in Austria.
12. Ann's got two cats.
13.There's a florist's on the corner of the next street.
14.1 bought this watch for my friend.
252
15.They grow oranges in England.
16. My house's being decorated at the moment.
17.They'd help you if you asked them.
18.They may sell all the tickets by that time.
9
Az albbiakban a Mikuls-trtnet egy sajtos magyarzatt
olvashatja. Tegye a zrjelbe tett igket egyszer vagy
folyamatos mlt idbe!
You can read a rather unique explanation to the Santa Claus
story. Put the verbs in brackets in the right tense: Past Simple
or Continuous.
One cold Christmas Eve, at about 3 in the morning, Santa (1. notice)
.......................an open door. He (2. go)........................into the kitchen
and (3. see).......................a table full of food and drink. Santa (4. feel)
....................... so hungry and thirsty that he (5. sit) .........................
down and (6. help).......................himself to the Christmas dinner.
But halfway through the meal, Santa (7. hear).......................a noise
coming from upstairs and (8. try)....................... to leave. For some
unknown reason, the door wouldn't open so Santa (9. run)
.......................into the living room and (10. hide).........................up
the chimney. At first, the family (11. think).......................that Santa
had tried to come down the chimney in order to deliver the presents.
But then they (12. notice).......................the bits of food in his beard
and they (13. become) ....................... suspicious. They (14. go)
.......................into he kitchen and (15. see)........................ that all the
food (16. miss).....................They (17. be)........................ furious and
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| Final Test - Zr teszt
they (18. pull).................poor Santa out of the chimney and (19. beat)
...................him up. Then they (20. call).........................the police.
10
Adja meg az albbi mondatokat szenved szerkezetben!
Rewrite these sentences in the passive.
1. They're going to open the exhibition of his photographs tomorrow.
2. Last week the Mayor of the city opened a new secondary school in
the suburbs.
3. The students use the gym hall only for indoor sports.
4. In Scotland they make haggis on the basis of secret recipes.
5. I'll finish it by tomorrow.
6. Someone has turned the lights off.
7. You have to deal with this parcel very carefully. It's fragile.
8. Someone must tell him the news.
9. We will have to accept the situation sooner or later.
10. An unknown composer wrote this music.
11. I'm sorry but we can't repair your boots.
12. My brother covers the walls of his room with posters of footballers.
254
13.They were repairing her watch while she was doing the shopping
in the department store.
14.They have accepted my application.

15. Who built Millennium Bridge?
16.They are going to present their parents with a luxurious cruise on
the Mediterranean for their wedding anniversary.
17.The accident happened on a road which they were repairing.
18. They have already offered her the job.
19. You can't swim now because they're cleaning the swimming pool.
20. It was the boss's birthday so they handed round coffee and biscuits.
1
Egsztse ki a szveget a zrjelbe tett igk aktv vagy
passzv alakjval a megfelel igeidben: egyszer jelen /
folyamatos jelen / egyszer mlt / folyamatos mlt /
befejezett jelen!
Complete the text with the active or passive from of the
verbs in brackets in the appropriate tense: Present Simple
/ Present Continuous / Past Simple / Past Continuous /
Present Perfect.
The London Eye (1. open).......................on New Year's Eve 1999 to
celebrate the Millennium. It (2. be).......................the world's tallest
observation wheel. It (3. be).......................135 metres high and from
255
the top you can see all of London. On a clear day you can see as far as
Windsor Castle, which (4. lie).......................40 kilometres away. The
London Eye (5. have) ............................. 32 capsules. Each capsule
(6. have)...................room for 25 people. Each trip (7. last).................
30 minutes. The wheel (8. move)....................slowly, at a speed of
about 15 metres a minute, but it never (9. stop).................... Passen
gers (10. have to)..................get on when it (11. move).....................
Since its opening it (12. become) ....................... a landmark of
London, just like Big Ben, Tower Bridge or the Statue of Eros. It
(13. appear).......................in several films and TV programmes.
In its short life the London Eye (14. become).......................the most
popular UK visitor attraction. It (15. visit) ....................... by over
3.5 million people a year. It (16.mean) ....................... that about
10,000 people (17. take)................... a ride on the London Eye a day.
Tickets can (18. buy) ....................... online or by phone. A limited
number of tickets (19. be).......................available on the day from the
Ticket Office, but go early because you often (20. have to)...................
queue.
1
*\ Adja meg a zrjelbe tett igk megfelel alakjt!
Give the right form of the verbs in brackets.
1. The drivers can continue on their way only if the fog (lift)
2. If I get paid today, I (invite)............................you for a meal.
3. If she (get).....................up early, she (not be)..............................
late for school, but she simply can't get up in the morning.
4. If I (have).....................a lot of money, I (drink)..............................
champagne with every meal.
5. Peter is 17. If he (be) ............................ eighteen, he (be able)
to vote at the election next month.
256
6. If you (decide).....................to come hiking with us, give us a call.
7. It's been raining for days. If the weather (not be)............................
so bad, we (go)............................for a walk.
8. If I met someone famous, I (ask)........................ for an autograph.
9. If I (be)............................you, I (see)..............................a lawyer.
10.1don't have pets. But if I (have) ............................a dog, I (not call)
............................it Rex.
11. Ben is asking his parents for a dog. If he (get).............................
one, he (call)............................it Johnny.
12. My boss (be) .................. more decisive if he (be) .....................
more experienced.
13.1don't know what we have in the fridge. If I (have).........................
a beer, you (get)............................it.
14. If David (have) ............................ the right qualification, he
(can apply)............................for the job, but he doesn't.
15. What (you like)............................to do tonight?
16.1find this skirt quite expensive now, so I (buy)............................ it
when it (be)............................on sale next month.
13
Kpezzen a mondatba ill szt a zrjelben megadott
szavakbl!
Complete the sentences with the right form of the words
given in brackets.
1. I think it would be.................not to answer the letter. (polite)
2. I'm afraid that I'm not.................with your work. (satisfy)
3. The fire started because of her................... (care)
4. To their.................the flying saucer landed right in front of them.
(amaze)
5. When he had to explain the situation again, I felt so.....................
(fool)
257
6. He was one of the most popular.................of his time, (politics)
7. He had difficulties with English.................... (pronounce)
8. I think you have to give me an.................... (explain)
9. I .................dropped the mug and it broke into pieces, (accident)
10. Don't buy.................vegetables, we have fresh ones. (freeze)
11. She shouted.................at the boy to leave the dog alone.(angry)
12. Cycling has................... It makes you sweat and feel hot.
(advantage)
13. After Joe lost his job, he was.................for months. (employ)
14. Because of some ................. the students went to the wrong
classroom. (understand)
15. I'm really very.................in travelling. (interest)
16. Peter is the.................boy in the group. (strength)
17.1think this game is.................interesting than that one. (little)
18. It can be really...............when your neighbours play loud music.
(annoy)
19.1 don't have a car because the.................is too expensive these
days. (insure)
20. The computer market is growing................. (rapid)
21. For me it was the most.................holiday I've ever had. (enjoy)
22. This is...............ridiculous. (absolute)
23. He's giving a lecture at an.................conference in Prague.
(nation)
24. His grades are bad because he studies rather...................
(regular)
25. Although I'm on a diet, these doughnuts looked so....................
that I couldn't help buying them. (resist)
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Key - Megoldkulcs
Key - Megoldkulcs
1. Articles - Nvelk
Exercise 1: a - an
1. a museum 2. an umbrella 3. a hospital 4. an article
5. a question 6. an old car 7. a French window 8. a table
9. a university 10. a holiday 11. an airport 12. a knife 13. a
bridge 14. a yellow cab 15. a cat 16. an Indian restaurant
Exercise 2: a / an - 0
1. a 2. 0 3. an 4. a 5. 0 6. a 7. a 8. 0; a 9. a 10. a 11.0 12. 0
13. a 14. an; 0 15. 0; a 16. a 17. 0; a 18. a 19. an 20. 0; an
Exercise 3: a/an - the
I . a 2. an 3. a; the 4. a 5. the 6. a 7. the 8. an 9. a 10. the
I I . the 12. a 13. the 14. the 15. The 16. the 17. a; the 18. an;
the 19. a 20. the
Exercise 4:
1. Heathrow Airport 2. the High Street 3. The United Kingdom
4. Big Ben 5. the Amazon 6. The Channel Islands 7. the National
Museum 8. the Statue of Liberty 9. Central Park 10. the Pacific
Ocean
Exercise 5:
1.a;the 2. a; an 3. the; the 4. -; the 5.- 6. a 7. the; the; the
8. an 9. the; the 10. a; a; a 11. a; the 12.- 13.-;- 14. an
15.-;-;- 16. a 17.- 18. a 19. The; a; a;- 20. The; the
21.- 22. a; - 23. the; - 24.- 25. the; the
Exercise 6:
1. -; the 2. -; -; - 3. the; - 4. - 5. the; a 6. the; a; the 7. -; the
8. the; a 9. The; the; - 10. the 11. the; a;- 12. the; the
13. The;-; the 14. The; the; the 15. the 16. a; a; a; the; the
17. the; a 18. the; the; the 19. a; the;- 20.-
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Key - Megoldkulcs
Exercise 7:
I . a 2. an 3.- 4. an 5.- 6. the 7. the 8. an 9. the 10. the
I I . the 12. an 13. the 14. a 15. the 16.- 17. the 18. a 19. The
20. a 21. The 22. the
Exercise 8:
I . - 2. the 3. the 4. a 5. a 6. the 7. the 8.- 9.- 10. the
I I. a/the 12. a 13.- 14. a 15.- 16. the 17. a 18. a 19. a 20.-
21. - 22. the 23. the
2. Nouns - Fnevek
Exercise 1:
A magnhangz hinyzik: advice, paper, bread, noise, rain, rice,
food, time, flour, water, glass, housework
A mssalhangz hinyzik: cheese, money, butter, information,
tennis, petrol, coffee, spaghetti, salt, milk, weather, snow
Exercise 2:
boxes, tomatoes, windows, kisses, pens, lorries, ears, sandwiches,
keys, lives, bags, bridges, pianos, knees, leaves, ladies, fathers,
watches, faces, teeth, knives, bookshelves, cherries, eggs,
dictionaries, holidays, peaches, slices, housewives, trays
Exercise 3:
1. dishes 2. monkeys 3. books; room; bookshelf 4. teeth;
cheese 5. luggage 6. furniture 7. days 8. eggs 9. wallpaper
10. letters 11. hair; eyes 12. snow; months 13. meat; vegetables
14. mountains; lakes 15. lemon
Exercise 4:
1. Is 2. is 3. do 4. is 5. do 6. is 7. is 8. is 9. is 10. are 11. are
12. do 13. are 14. does 15. is 16. is 17. is 18.1s 19. is 20. are
Exercise 5:
1. a box 2. a glass 3. a bag 4. a carton 5. a pound 6. 100 grams
7. a cup 8. ajar 9. a slice 10. a bottle 11. a piece 12. a spoonful
260
r -
Key - Megoldkulcs |
13. a loaf 14. a packet 15. an item
Exercise 6:
1. soup; spoons; forks; knives 2. pigeons 3. Windows; glass
4. trees; bushes 5. glasses 6. homework 7. meat; places
8. languages 9. firemen; work 10. questions 11. kinds; thoughts
12. fun. 13. money; studies 14. games 15. soldiers 16. hippies;
ideas 17. newspapers 18. tyres; condition 19. mosquitoes 20. wood
Exercise 7:
1. landlady 2. king 3. cow 4. daughter 5. grandpa 6. niece
7. steward 8. duke 9. girl 10. bridegroom 11. fiance 12. widower
13. heroine 14. sister-in-law
3. Adjectives - Mellknevek
Exercise 1:
1. black 2. nice 3. blue; blond 4. talian 5. expensive 6. serious
7. Poor 8. cold 9. yellow 10. favourite 11. tidy 12. smart
13. popular 14. easy 15. strong
Exercise 2:
1. My parents don't like loud music. 2. Mary has got big brown
eyes. 3. This orange juice was very expensive. 4. Jane is a tall slim
girl. 5. There's a tc,ll young man at the door. 6. I bought a nice
little red car yesterday. 7. She's got beautiful long hair. 8. Our new
house is in a short narrow street. 9. They make cold drinks from
fresh fruit. 10. I'd like to have an elegant light green silk blouse.
Exercise 3:
l.dark 2. poor 3. light 4. silent/quiet 5. short 6. hot 7. bad
8. hard/difficult 9. late 10. happy 11. beautiful 12. boring 13. white
14. small 15. short 16. fast 17. old 18. old 19. expensive 20. near
Exercise 4:
1. strong stronger the strongest
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Key - Megoldkulcs
2. tasty tastier the tastiest
3. brave braver the bravest
4. brilliant more brilliant the most brilliant
5. clever cleverer the cleverest
6. good better the best
7. funny funnier the funniest
8. exciting more exciting the most exciting
9. clean cleaner the cleanest
10. popular more popular the most popular
Exercise 5:
1. quiet quieter the quitest
2. pretty prettier the prettiest
3. few fewer the fewest
4. little less the least
5. safe safer the safest
6. heavy heavier the heaviest
7. bad worse the worst
8. successful more successful the most succesful
9. slim slimmer the slimmest
10. wide wider the widest
11. serious more serious the most serious
12. crowded more crowded the most crowded
13. hard harder the hardest
14. dry drier the driest
15. polite more polite the most polite
Exercise 6:
1. more 2. not 3. more 4. the 5. is 6. as 7. further 8. the 9..
10. more 11. badly 12. faster 13. farther/further 14. expensive 15. less
Exercise 7:
1. Ben Nevis in Scotland is higher than Snowdon in Wales.
2. Glasgow is wetter than London. 3. More people live in Scotland
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Key - Megoldkulcs
than in Wales. 4. In Britain the summer holiday is shorter than in
Hungary. 5. Fewer people read the Financial Times than The Sun.
6. Julia Roberts is older than Robbie Williams. 7. A Ferrari is faster
than an Opel. 8. My brother is heavier than me / I am.
Exercise 8:
1. Joe gets the best marks. 2. Alex is a lot older than his wife,
Mary. 3. Mike can run faster than us / we can. 4. This road is
longer than I thought. 5. Ski-boots are a lot more expensive than
football boots. 6. I find running more tiring than cycling. 7. No
one in the family knows as much about cars as Dont. / No one in
the family knows more about cars than Dont. 8. I think the
conference last year was better organized. 9. This is the worst
pizza I've ever eaten. 10. My watch is cheaper than yours / the
one you bought. 11. Life in the city is more stressful than in the
country. 12. The vanilla cake is more tasty / tastier than the
chocolate cake.
Exercise 9:
1. the most difficult 2. the prettiest 3. the biggest 4. the highest
5. The longest 6. the most intelligent 7. the cheapest 8. the most
mysterious 9. the most ancient 10. the bloodiest 11. the hottest;
the lowest 12. the most successful
Exercise 10:
1. interested 2. disappointed 3. worried 4. annoying 5. exciting
6. exhausted 7. tiring 8. promising 9. surprised 10. complicated;
confused 11. annoyed 12. charming 13. satisfied 14. impressed
4. Adverbs - Hatrozk
Exercise 1:
I. beautifully 2. angrily 3. strangely 4. carelessly 5. directly
6. continuously 7. in a lively way 8. gladly 9. heavily 10. fast
I I . logically 12. horribly 13. curiously 14. sweetly 15. completely
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Key - Megoldkulcs
Exercise 2:
1. loudly 2. hard 3. badly 4. quietly 5. well 6. angrily 7. seriously
8. carefully 9. early 10. well
Exercise 3:
1. quiet 2. well 3. good 4. slowly 5. easily 6. hardly 7. slowly
8. quickly 9. well 10. totally 11. clearly 12. nervously 13. angry;
late 14. nervous; impatiently 15. unexpectedly 16. happily
17. hardly 18. specially 19. completely 20. fast
Exercise 4:
1. healthily 2. quietly 3. easily 4. fast 5. early 6. loudly 7. heavily
8. carefully 9. freshly 10. well
Exercise 5:
1. good 2. terrible 3. sweet; salty 4. impatient 5. happier
6. quickly 7. smart 8. incredibly 9. fluent 10. sad 11. angry 12. tired
13. beautiful; nice 14. sour 15. angrily
Exercise 6:
I. carefully enough 2. enough rain 3. too expensive 4. enough
experience 5. too many; enough seats 6. enough sleep; too noisy
7. too salty 8. big enough 9. light enough 10. enough hot water
I I . too many 12. hard enough 13. too cold 14. too young
15. enough snow 16. lucky enough 17. too heavy 18. close
enough
Exercise 7: So - such (a/an)
1.so 2. such a 3. so 4. so 5. such a 6. so 7. such 8. so
9. such a 10. such 11. such a 12. such 13. such 14. so
15.such a
Exercise 8:
l.very 2. enough 3. quite 4. rather 5. very 6. quite 7. enough
8. so 9. enough 10. quite 11. too 12. rather 13. too 14. so
15. rather 16. quite 17. enough 18. such 19. rather 20. quite
21. very 22. So; enough
264
r
Key - Meg old kulcs |
Exercise 9:
1. She didn't behave in a very friendly way. 2. There isn't enough
room for a piano in the living-room. 3. It was quite late when he
came home. 4. He looked at me in a very strange way. 5. Is your
coffee strong enough? 6. The view was so beautiful from the
mountain. 7. John gave me such a nice birthday present. 8. You
will have to work hard to pass the exam.
5. Prepositions - Elljrszk
Exercise 1:
1. on 2. in 3. on 4. at 5. on 6. in 7. at 8. in 9. in 10. on 11. at
12. in 13. at 14. on 15. in 16. at 17. on 18. on 19. at 20. on
Exercise 2:
1. in 2. on 3. at 4. on 5. at 6. in 7. on 8. in 9. in 10. on 11. at
12. in 13. at 14. on; in 15. on; at 16. on 17. in 18. in 19. at 20. at
Exercise 3:
1. on July 4 2. at 9 o'clock 3. at midnight 4. at the age of 3
5. in 1789 6. on Mother's Day 7. on October 31 8. in the 1600s
9. on Christmas morning 10. in spring
Exercise 4:
1. from; to 2. until 3. since 4. during 5. ago 6. while 7. during
8. while 9. after; during/before 10. since 11. by 12. while
13. during 14. while 15. for
Exercise 5:
1. in; for 2. In; ago; in 3. in; for 4. - 5. - 6. in 7. in; in 8. in 9. on
10. on; in 11. at;- 12. on; in 13. in 14. in; during; at; at
15. during; between; in; in 16. in 17. In; in 18. in; on; during
19. on; on; in; in 20. in 21. at; at 22. on 23. at; on 24. at
25. on 26. On 27. in; ago 28. in 29. at 30. in; -
Exercise 6:
1. off 2. into 3. over 4. out of 5. from; along; through 6. to;
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Key - Megoldkulcs
across 7. in; under 8. in front of; round 9. to; by; by 10. into
11. across 12. under 13. next to 14. between 15. under 16.
below 17. at; into; through 18. At; on 19. from; to; by 20.-;
past; in 21. on; on 22. on
Exercise 7:
1.to 2. for 3.- 4. for 5.- 6. to 7. to 8. for 9. to 10.-
6. Pronouns - Nvmsok
Exercise 1:
1. I; her 2. them 3. They 4. it 5. you 6. It 7. I; them 8. It 9. you
10. us
Exercise 2:
1. It 2. There 3. it 4. It 5. It 6. There 7. There 8. It 9. There 10. it
Exercise 3:
l.your 2. their 3. my 4. you 5. I; them 6. their 7. you 8. her
9. her 10. her 11. our 12. their 13. mine 14. ours 15. your; mine
Exercise 4:
1. yourself 2. myself 3. themselves 4. yourselves 5. himself
6. herself 7. yourself 8. himself 9. yourselves 10. yourself
Exercise 5:
1. this 2. those 3. that 4. those 5. this 6. those 7. These 8. that
Exercise 6:
1. some 2. no 3. some 4. some 5. any 6. any 7. no 8. some;
any 9. no 10. any 11. some 12. any 13. any 14. some 15. any
16. some 17. some 18.no 19. any 20. some
Exercise 7:
1. I know nothing about this town 2. Where is everybody? 3. We
looked everywhere to find the thermometer. 4. There was some
body in our garden. 5. There isn't anything to see here. 6. Some
body has taken my bicycle. 7. Nobody could answer the teacher's
question. 8. Everything in this room belongs to my brother.
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9. There is something for you on the table. 10. Are you going any
where at the weekend?
Exercise 8:
1. anything 2. anything 3. anyone/anybody 4. nothing 5. some-
body/someone 6. nothing 7. anywhere 8. nobody 9. something
10. somebody 11. anything 12. somewhere
Exercise 9:
1. every 2. all 3. Every 4. all 5. Every 6. all 7. Every 8. All
9. All 10. All
Exercise 10:
1. many 2. few 3. much 4. a few 5. much 6. a lot of 7. a few
8. many 9. many 10. a lot of / a little 11. a few 12. much
13. much 14. many 15. much
7. Gerund, Infinitive and Participle
Exercise 1:
1. getting up 2. driving 3. running 4. laughing 5. moving
6. missing 7. playing 8. looking at 9. hitting; stealing
Exercise 2:
1. to drive 2. to buy 3. to lend 4. to clean 5. to spend 6. to
tell 7. to finish 8. to call 9. to see 10. to know
Exercise 3:
1. visiting 2. to arrive 3. doing; to buy 4. to learn / learning
5. to pass 6. to win 7. feeling 8. buying 9. to steal 10. doing/
to do 11. to talk; working; to listen 12. to take 13. to buy
14. working 15. to borrow 16. putting it out / to put it out; to
call 17. to see 18. to help 19. to call 20. going 21. coughing
22. talking 23. taking 24. being 25. to go
Exercise 4:
1. to come 2. eating; going; working 3. cooking; to tidy 4. to wait
5. to open; to reach 6. to play 7. doing 8. to close 9. to see
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10. eating 11. to stay 12. to switch on 13. sneezing 14. not to
lock 15. to marry; to be 16. walking 17. to see 18. to wash 19. to
win 20. to switch; going 21. to brush 22. to force/forcing; to buy
23. not to worry 24. to go out 25. to become 26. to live 27. going
28. having; to look after 29. to walk; giving 30. opening
Exercise 5:
1. to; to 2. to 3. - 4. - 5. - 6. - 7. to 8. to 9. to 10. -; to 11.
12. to; to 13. to;-; to; to/ - 14. to; to;- 15.-
Exercise 6:
1. d 2. i 3. f 4. a 5. h 6. j 7. b 8. c 9. g 10. e
Exercise 7:
1. The stewardess asked all the passengers to leave through the
frontdoor. 2. Mary taught me how to dance English waltz. 3. My
parents enjoy walking in tie woods. 4. Phillip apologised for being
late. 5. The teacher wants her students to be quiet. 6. Peter went to
Rome to see the Colosseum. 7. The teacher didn't let the boys argue.
8. The clown made all the children in the circus laugh. 9. Tom agreed
to cut the grass for me. 10. What do you intend to do / doing in the
future? 11. Do you mind rr.e opening the window? 12. Would you
mind answering the door? 13. Would you be interested in seeing
the Dali exhibition? 14. After switching off the computer he left the
room. 15. He left the restaurant without paying the bill. 16. You are
clever enough to do it by yoi rself. 17. It's too cloudy to see the other
shore across the lake. 18. 7he footballer was seen to kick another
player. 19. I'd rather play tennis than watch it on TV. 20. You should
stop smoking if you want to do sports.
8. Auxiliaries and Modal verbs - Segdigk
Exercise 1:
1. do 2. did 3. do 4. are; am; do 5. Did 6. do 7. have 8. Does/Did
9. did 10. do; is 11. have 12. does 13. has 14. Have 15. was
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16. is 17. do 18. Was 19. Has 20. am 21. Do 22. were 23. did
24. Have 25. was
Exercise 2:
1. Chefs can cook very well. 2. Sad people can't laugh. 3. A mobile
phone can send messages. 4. Computers can check spelling.
5. MP3 players can't hear. 6. Babies can't walk. 7. Birds can fly.
8. Phones can have conversations. 9. An answering machine can
talk. 10. CD players can play music.
Exercise 3:
1. could 2. Could 3. wasn't able to 4. could 5. couldn't/weren't
able to 6. was able to 7. were able to 8. couldn't 9. could
10. were able to
Exercise 4:
1. Marion could drive a car when she was 18 years old. 2. I'm
sorry but the doctor won't be able to see you until tomorrow
afternoon. 3. When he first went to Spain, Tom found that he
could understand Spanish better than he could speak it. 4. We
won't be able to see that play if we don't book seats soon. 5. This
is all the information I have been able to get so far. 6. I could see
very well as nobody was sitting in front of me in the theatre.
7. Even the weakest students were able to complete the exercise
as they were allowed to look at their notes. 8. Mrs Jones hasn't
been able to buy all the food she needs yet. 9. If I knew what to
do, I could tell you. 10. By the time you finish this course, you'll
be able to speak English well.
Exercise 5:
1. can be 2. I could visit you 3. Can I 4. was able to leave Europe
5. wasn't able to/couldn't 6. can play handball 7. could you open
the window? 8. can't be 9. has been able to fly 10. Can I
Exercise 6:
1. The little girl doesn't have to / needn't come with us. 2. He
doesn't have to / needn't use a calculator for the Physics test.
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3. We don't have to get up early at the weekend. 4. At university
students don't have to take physical education classes for three
semesters. 5. Our guests from Budapest didn't have to change
trains on the way here. 6. I don't have to complete the form on
my own. 7. We haven't had to rewrite our essay twice. 8. If they
don't arrive late, they won't have to wait an hour for the next
train. 9. If you have a common cold, you needn't / don't have to
stay in bed for a week. 10. We didn't have to pay for the concert
tickets. 11. An air hostess doesn't have to work at home. 12. You
don't have to get a visa if you want to go to Spain.
Exercise 7:
l.must 2. have you had to 3. had to 4. will have to 5. mustn't
6. had to 7. has had to 8. doesn't have to 9. must 10. did you
have to 11. has to 12. must / have to 13. don't have to 14. has
had to 15. must / have to
Exercise 8:
1. don't have to 2. don't have to 3. must 4. have to 5. mustn't
6. must 7. don't have to 8. mustn't 9. mustn't 10. don't have to
Exercise 9:
I. has to 2. shouldn't 3. don't have to 4. has to 5. should
6. shouldn't 7. should 8. have to 9. don't have to 10. has to
I I. shouldn't 12. doesn't have to 13. (will) have to 14. shouldn't;
should 15. shouldn't
Exercise 10:
1. Last year Mary was allowed to hire a clown for her birthday
party. 2. Alison isn't allowed to / mustn't stay out late at night.
3. Students will be allowed to enter the room well before the
exam tomorrow. 4. Little Tommy hasn't been allowed to come
home from school alone yet. 5. Ben has been allowed to play
computer games since he learnt to read. 6. You mustn't throw
rubbish in the park. 7. Students will be allowed to use a calculator
in Maths classes even in primary schools in ten years' time.
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8. Students weren't allowed to go to school without wearing a
uniform when I was at school. 9. Girls mustn't / aren't allowed to
wear a make-up in this school. 10. I will be allowed to go to that
rock festival on my own next year.
Exercise 11:
1. She must like wearing green. It may/must be her lucky colour.
2. He must be rich. He must love her a lot. 3. She must/may be
around 35. She can't be more than 40. 4. She may/might have to
work overtime. She may/might not be happy about what you
said. 5. He must read a lot. He must/may have a good memory.
Exercise 12:
1. may 2. must 3. may not 4. must 5. must/may 6. must/may/
might; can't 7. can't 8. might 9. must 10. may not 11. may
12. may 13. can't 14. must 15. may not
Exercise 13:
1. may arrive late. 2. should go and see a specialist. 3. must be a
lot of visitors here in the summer. 4. mustn't park here. 5. may
be in the garden. 6. must always be very busy in this restaurant.
7. the age of 7 and 16 must go to school in Hungary. 8. couldn't
get through. 9. didn't have to work long hours. 10. can't be
abroad. 11. can dance very well. 12. must help your father.
13. may/might need some help to finish the work. 14. can't
remember the name of my first teacher. 15. was able to run the
ten-mile distance, though I felt very tired halfway through the
race. 16. shouldn't leave now. 17. could read and write at the
age of five. 18. can ride a horse. 19. can't be correct. 20. doesn't
have to decide immediately.
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9. Tenses - Igeidk
Exercise 1:
1. My father doesn't drive a Rolls Royce. 2. English children don't
open their Xmas presents on Christmas Eve. 3. My younger brother
doesn't speak French. 4. Our lessons don't start at 7 o'clock in the
morning. 5. I don't want to be an engineer. 6. We don't spend
our holidays abroad. 7. I don't read my emails every day. 8. My
teacher doesn't want to take us to the zbo. 9. It doesn't often
snow in London in winter. 10. Clothes don't tell us a lot about the
person wearing them.
Exercise 2:
1. snows 2. Does Sam live 3. plays 4. dor't live. 5. dp you want
6. looks 7. gets 8. Does bus No. 2 stop 9. hate 10. sell
Exercise 3:
1. Do you ever get up before 6 o'clock? 2. We often go to the
theatre. 3. Patrick never does his homework. 4. We usually go to
Austria in summer. 5. What time do you usually go to bed? 6. Mr
Baker always wears a tie at work. 7. Why don't you ever write to
him? 8. We play tennis every Friday afternoon. 9. She always
does the shopping at lunchtime. 10. Do you always remember
your girlfriend's birtday?
Exercise 4:
1. What does Jerry want to be? 2. Who do these football boots
belong to? 3. Who lives about three miles away? 4. What do you
like? 5. When / What time does he arrive at school? 6. What do
you do in your family? 7. What does your aunt do? 8. Where do
they usually meet? 9. How often does Kate go jogging? 10. Who
doesn't like action films?
Exercise 5:
1. is playing 2. is swimming 3. is studying for 4. are packing; are
moving 5. are sitting 6. am writing 7. is playing 8. is happening;
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are we stopping 9. are not studying 10. is still looking for 11. is
blowing 12. is freezing 13. is making 14. are you digging 15. am
beginning
Exercise 6:
I. wear; I usually sit 2. I'm watching 3. finishes; leaves 4. I'm still
writing 5. Do you usually dream 6. doesn't come; doesn't even
speak 7. hates 8. don't open 9. I'm planning 10. I'm cleaning
I I. look 12. are playing 13. I'm just brushing 14. it never breaks
down 15. is happening
Exercise 7:
1. He is studying for his exam right now. 2. This cake tastes
delicious. 3. - 4. Why are you leaving? Aren't you enjoying the
party? 5. Many people don't believe in the future. 6. David is a
painter and decorator. He is working in a hotel lobby now.
7. What do you see at the end of the corridor? 8. Does your sister
like what she is doing / she does? 9. - 10. She smells everything
before starting to eat.
Exercise 8:
l.have 2. is waiting 3. is getting 4. smell 5. do you have
6. is coming 7. is having 8. don't usually drink 9. are having
10. don't understand; are writing 11. think; is burning 12. am
going; Do you need 13. does this word mean 14. do you have;
are you getting on 15. is not coming
Exercise 9:
infinitive - past tense - past participle
1. run - ran - run 2. rise - rose - risen 3. make - made - made
4. feel - felt - felt 5. lie (fekszik) - lay - lain 6. leave - left - left
7. ring - rang - rung 8. drive - drove - driven 9. fly-flew -
flown 10. meet - met - met 11. steal - stole - stolen 12. teach -
taught - taught 13. hurt - hurt - hurt 14. see - saw - seen
15. take - took - taken 16. wear - wore - worn 17. shine -
shone-shone 18. break-broke - broken 19. eat - ate - eaten
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Key - Megoldkulcs
20. ride - rode - ridden 21. cost - cost - cost 22. freeze - froze -
frozen 23. grow - grew - grown 24. hide - hid - hidden 25. shoot
-shot-shot 26. lay - laid - laid 27. spend - spent - spent
28. stand - stood - stood 29. think - thought - thought 30. feed
- fed - fed
Exercise 10:
l.was 2. was 3. got up 4. made 5. got up 6. were 7. stopped
8. left 9. saw 10. was 11. started 12. ate 13. finished 14. didn't
usually get 15. stayed 16. left 17. got 18. didn't work 19. ate
20. did 21. watched 22. read
Exercise 11:
1. Amanda in London, Great-Britain was learning to play golf.
2. Zita in Zenta, Serbia was celebrating the birthday of her village.
3. Zsfi in Szeged, Hungary was driving home in her father's car.
4. Wendy and her family in Oakland, California were getting up.
5. Sergei and his friends in Moscow, Russia were playing football.
6. Jose in Brasilia, Brazil was going to his office. 7. Sheena in New
Delhi, India was having dinner. 8. Vong in Saigon, Vietnam was
watching TV. 9. Takoma in Tokyo, Japan was going to bed.
10. Martin and Janet in Sydney, Australia were sleeping.
Exercise 12:
1. lost 2. were you; tried; didn't answer 3. sent; answered 4. was
playing; started 5. fell off; stopped 6. hurt; was running 7. was
picking up; was painting 8. were you doing; cut 9. was giving;
were writing 10. didn't go; was revising 11. went off; was having
12. was feeding; arrived 13. was drinking; knocked; spilt 14. went;
arrived; was playing; had to 15. had; was; was raining 16. wasn't;
called; was helping; 17. were skiing 18. was; went; was shining;
was blowing 19. was reading; fell; closed; left 20. did you hear;
said; wasn't listening
Exercise 13:
1. have broken 2. has lost 3. have seen 4. have never told
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Key - Meg old kulcs J
5. Have you ever flown 6. has spent 7. hasn't met 8. Has your
brother married 9. hasn't fed 10. Have you told 11. has always
wanted 12. have already arrived; haven't laid 13. I have ever seen
14. have finished 15. have moved 16. has learnt 17. has liked
18. has never seen 19. have had 20. has already gone
Exercise 14:
1. has eaten 2. has already started 3. Have you missed 4. has
finally decided 5. haven't spoken 6. have made 7. have just
invited 8. has rung 9. have lived 10. have ridden
Exercise 15:
1. How long has he had a beard? When did he start to grow it?
2. How long has she been in love with Bob? When did she fall in
love with him? 3. How long have you had a car? When did you
buy it? 4. How long has James smoked? When did he start
smoking? 5. How long have they been married? When did they
get married?
Exercise 16:
1. since 2. for 3. .-ince 4. for 5. since 6. for 7. since 8. for 9. since
10. since 11. for 12. since 13. since 14. for 15. since
Exercise 17:
1. since 2. for .-..since 4. for 5. since 6. since 7. for 8. Since
9. for 10. for
Exercise 18:
1. did you have 2. Have you had 3. met 4. failed 5. haven't eaten
6. hasn't watered 7. got 8. Have you ever tried 9. has climbed
10. has had; got 11. has already landed 12. won 13. have
recently become 14. suffered; didn't perform 15. has already
been; was 16. knew 17. have lost 18. has stolen; left 19. haven't
finished 20. havi bought
Exercise 19:
1. We've been on the beach for more than an hour. 2. They have
lived in Kings Roc.d since their son was born. 3. Diana has never
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Key - Megoldkulcs
failed her exam. 4. I saw George a couple of minutes ago. 5. Tom
hasn't made up his mind yet. 6. Has Anna ever read a book in
English? 7. When did it stop raining? 8. Has Martin found a
good job yet? 9. How long haven't you been abroad? 10. How
long have they been engaged?
Exercise 20:
1. won't 2. will 3. won't 4. will 5. won't 6. will 7. will 8. will
9. will 10. Will
Exercise 21:
1. will 2. will you 3. will 4. Will you do 5. will 6. won't 7. will
8. are you going to 9. Will you 10. will 11. will 12. am going to;
are going to 13. will 14. am going to 15. is going to; is going to
16. is going to 17. will 18. will 19. are we going to 20. won't
Exercise 22:
I. am going 2. starts 3. will be 4. am going to give/am giving
5. does your plane take off 6. am going to 7. are you going to
do / are you doing; am meeting / am going to meet 8. is going
to have 9. will have 10. Are you going to take / Are you taking
I I . will be 12. will find 13. are you going to do 14.willcarry
15. won't have
10. Passive Voice - Szenved szerkezet
Exercise 1:
1. The invitations are sent. 2. The wedding dress is made. 3. The
wedding rings are bought. 4. The wedding cake is baked. 5. The
bouquet of flowers is ordered. 6. The car is decorated. 7. The
music for the ceremony is chosen. 8. The restaurant is booked.
9. Photographs are taken. 10. Music is played.
Exercise 2:
1. My flat is cleaned every Friday. 2. Football is played by eleven
people. 3. How is Yorkshire pudding made? 4. Where is the best
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Key - Megoldkulcs
champagne made? 5. What languages are spoken in Switzerland?
6. This tray is made of plastic. 7. A corkscrew is used for opening
bottles. 8. Martini is drunk with ice. 9. A lot of rice is eaten in
China. 10. English is spoken all over the world. 11. Rolls Royce cars
are produced for the rich. 12. Cars are tested before they are sold.
Exercise 3:
1. Our house was built ten years ago. 2. America was discovered
in 1492. 3. The grass wasn't cut yesterday. 4. Were you invited to
the party? 5. Pete's car was stolen last night. 6. Radio was
invented by Marconi. 7. Nobody was injured in the car crash.
8. My father's office was decorated last week. 9. Several houses
were destroyed in the flood last spring. 10. This silk dress was
designed by Kati Zob. 11. My car was serviced a week ago.
12. This tree was blown out in the wind last night.
Exercise 4:
1. Penicillin was discovered by Sir Alexander Fleming. 2. A kettle
is used for boiling water. 3. The window frames were painted last
month. 4. Everything will be arranged tomorrow. 5. Excellent
maple syrup is made in Canada. 6. The leaking roof will be
repaired next week. 7. Telephone cards aren't sold anymore. 8. The
new underground line will be finished next year. 9. She was
taught how to play the flute by a very young musician. 10. This
exhibition was visited by more than 50,000 people. 11. Their new
house was built in less than six months. 12. Milk isn't delivered in
cities in England anymore. 13. The ceremony will be held
tomorrow. 14. Two of his milk teeth were pulled out the other
day. 15. Several different items are lost by students every day.
Exercise 5:
1. Animals shouldn't be kept in cages. 2. The invitation hasn't
been sent yet. 3. Sick people are looked after by nurses in
hospitals. 4. Yoghurt can be made from milk. 5. Was this delicious
fruit cake baked by Susan? 6. The water tower has been finished.
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7. The floor of the gym hall in the school should be changed.
8. This essay must be written by everybody. 9. You'll be forgiven.
10. The jewels have been stolen from the safe. 11. Panda bears
should be saved. 12. How much whisky is produced in Scotland
a year? 13. They won't be hurt. 14. This dog was found in the
street. 15. All the windows should be closed before you leave the
office. 16. This gate mustn't be left open. 17. The race car has
been repaired. 18. The local bank was robbed by three armed men
yesterday. 19. How many cars have been produced in Hungary
since Suzuki Factory was opened in Esztergom? 20. Who was
Hadrian's Wall built by?
Exercise 6:
1. We were invited to their wedding anniversary. 2. James should
be told the bad news as soon as possible. 3. They'll be informed
tomorrow. 4. Phil has been offered a good job by the local
television company. 5. How much were you paid for digging their
garden? 6. I wasn't given the chance to say'No'. 7. The crops
were ruined by the storm. 8. The Millers will be given a bigger flat
by the local government. 9. The children were frightened by the
strange noise. 10. Sue is bought everything she asks for by her
parents. / Everything she asks for is bought for Sue by her parents.
11. Were you disturbed last night? 12. We were given a lesson by
the new teacher yesterday. 13. My father will be operated on by a
very famous surgeon. 14. What were you shown? 15. As his
parents died, Ted was brought up by his grandparents. 16. The
boy was heard to say something rude. 17. Poor people are given
free meals by this charity organization. / Free meals are given to
poor people by this charity organization. 18. You were brought
this parcel by a special delivery service. / This parcel was brought
to you by a special delivery service. 19. I was made to do the job
on my own. 20. She wasn't brought any flowers. / No flowers
were brought to her.
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Exercise 7:
1. were held 2. took place 3. started 4. brought 5. became
6. decided 7. were held 8. was included 9. was added 10. were
staged 11. took part 12. were held
Exercise 8:
1. grew 2. grew 3. were needed 4. imported 5. was developed
6. became 7. carried 8. were traded 9. were taken 10. were
traded 11. returned 12. grew
11. Asking questions, tag-questions -
Krdsfeltevs, utkrds
Exercise 1:
1. d 2. f 3. o 4. I 5. i 6. b 7. k 8. m 9. n 10. e 11. g 12. p
13. j 14. a 15. h 16. c
Exercise 2:
1. Is Sheila married? 2. Does she come from England? 3. Where
is she staying? 4. Have you met her? 5. What is she like? 6. What
does she like about Hungary? 7. How often does she go out?
8. How long has she been in Hungary? 9. How long is she going
to stay? 10. Where did you go last night? 11. How much were
the tickets? 12. Have her parents visited her yet?
Exercise 3:
1. Who woke you up this morning? Who did he wake up? When
did he wake you up? What did he do this morning? 2. What will
the weather be like this afternoon? When will the weather be
nice? 3. Who has decided to rewrite the letter? What have you
decided to do? Why have you decided to rewrite the letter? Who
made mistakes? How many mistakes did you make? 4. Who was
given a gold medal? What was Steve given? What kind of medal
was he given?
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Exercise 4:
1. What has Paula just joined? 2. Who became a professional
criminal at the age of eighteen? 3. How did you feel when your
exam was over? 4. What do you have to do at 9 o'clock? 5. Who
called you this morning? 6. What is Robert's best subject? 7. What
did Jack borrow for the weekend? 8. What is Sue like? 9. How
does Diana always treat animals? 10. Who were you talking to
when you were cut off? 11. What aren't you interested in?
12. What kind of advertisement did you see in the local paper?
13. Whose teacher was impressed by our performance? 14. How
often is Sally late for school? 15. How much did this ring cost?
16. What is Rita fond of? 17. What was there by his bed? 18. What
couldn't you see? 19. When will he phone you? 20. What have
you just done? 21. What are they still trying to do? 22. Who are
you going out with tonight? 23. How long have your sons had
French lessons? 24. Which holiday does Charlotte want? 25. What
is Mary looking at? 26. What does Fiona like?
Exercise 5:
I. is it? 2. hasn't she? 3. didn't he? 4. will you? 5. am I? 6. is it?
7. should they? 8. haven't we? 9. wouldn't they? 10. did you?
I I . doesn't he/she? 12. are there? 13. doesn't she? 14. hasn't
he? 15. isn't she? 16. can they? 17. aren't I? 18. shall we?
19. will you? 20. doesn't he? 21. won't you? 22. isn't it?
23. shouldn't she? 24. haven't they? 25. can they?
12. Conditional - Feltteles md
Exercise 1:
1. If you come too near me, you'll catch my cold. 2. If you don't
water the plants, they'll die. 3. If you drop this glass, it'll brake.
4. If Tom gets here before 9 o'clock, I'll see him. 5. If you get sick,
you won't be able to go on the trip.
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Exercise 2:
1. go; won't feel 2. don't prepare; won't pass 3. asks; will help
4. arrive; won't serve 5. is; will call 6. will get; plays 7. boils;
won't be 8. will hurt; sit 9. buy; will you pay 10. listen; will
complain 11. will go; saves 12. won't do; feels 13. don't see;
will call 14. doesn't go; will watch 15. want; will need
Exercise 3:
1. d 2. e 3. b 4. g 5. a 6. h 7. f 8. c
Exercise 4:
1. If I don't feel better tomorrow, I will call the doctor. 2. If you
hurry, you will catch the bus. 3. If we reach the top, we will have
a beautiful view. 4. If they enjoy extreme sports, they will love
New Zealand. 5. If it's sunny, we will go to the beach. 6. If you
don't take your umbrella, you will get wet. 7. If she reads this
book carefully, she will understand it. 8. If you drive more care
fully, you won't have so many accidents.
Exercise 5:
1. We would go to the beach if it wasn't/weren't too cold. 2. If
you broke it, you would have to pay for it. 3. If I didn't manage
to fix it myself, I would take it to the mechanic. 4. If you hung the
clothes in the garden, they would dry soon. 5. If you liked those
trainers, I would buy them for you. 6. What would happen if your
brother didn't come home tonight? 7. Would they cut off my
electricity if I didn't pay the bill? 8. If little Johnny was/were
careful enough, he wouldn't fall off the stairs. 9. Pat would catch
a cold if she didn't put on warm clothes. 10. If it snowed at the
weekend, we would go skiing in the mountains. 11. That box
would look better if you painted it light blue. 12. If you travelled
by plane, you would get there a lot sooner. 13. They would
certainly come if you asked them in time. 14. If I had more time,
I would write a long letter to you. 15. Patsy would be very pleased
if you remembered her birthday.
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Exercise 6:
1. gave; would buy 2. had; would play 3. Would you tell; saw
4. would your mother do; didn't arrive 5. were; would buy
6. couldn't do; wouldn't ask 7. Would you mind; came 8. lived;
would have to 9. worked; would have to 10. watched; would
improve 11. took; would be 12. would tell; were 13. wouldn't
do; offered 14. wouldn't marry; begged 15. left; would be
Exercise 7:
1. If I met Prince Harry, I would ask for an autograph. 2. If I found
a wallet in the street, I would take it to the police station. 3. If I
had a headache, I would take some aspirin. 4. If I won the lottery,
I would travel around the world. 5. If I didn't understand my
Maths homework, I would ask my teacher to explain it. 6. If I
went to London, I would take a double-decker bus. 7. If the
house next door caught fire, I would call the fire brigade. 8. If I
got on the wrong bus, I would get off at the next stop. 9. If I had
a driving licence, I would drive to school. 10. If I hurt my best
friend, I would apologise to her.
Exercise 8:
I. If he worked hard, he would earn much more money. 2. If you
watered your plants frequently, they would grow well. 3. If pigs
had wings, they could fly. 4. If Chris wanted coffee, I would make
one. 5. If I was/were diligent enough, I would make some progress.
6. If oil wasn't/weren't lighter than water, it wouldn't loat. 7. If
he liked this car, he would buy it. 8. If we knew his address, we
could send him a postcard. 9. If I was/were invited to the party,
I would go. 10. If Joanna felt well, she would get out of bed.
I I . Chris would be fat if he ate a lot. 12. If Paul wasn't/ weren't
too short, he would be in the basketball team. 13. If I spoke
French, I could talk to Jacques. 14. If there was enough snow, we
could go skiing. 15. If my brother could swim, he could go into
the pool on his own.
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13. Clauses - Mellkmondatok
Exercise 1:
1. Before I go shopping, I'll call you. 2. He'll be very happy as
soon as he gets the message. 3. He'll buy a newspaper before he
gets on the train. 4. After I finish reading the book, I'll lend it to
you. 5. They'll buy a bag of popcorn before they sit down. 6. Mary
will call you as soon as her baby is born. 7. I'll look after your kids
while you're away. 8. I'll tell you my secret as long as you promise
not to tell it to anyone. 9. The children will go out to play in the
garden as soon as it stops raining. 10. I'll take an umbrella with
me in case it rains.
Exercise 2:
I. will speak; am 2. will have to leave; is 3. will close; falls
4. gets 5. won't start; disappears 6. will you think; say 7. will
stop; starts 8. will have; get 9. will make; get 10. will do; goes
I I. will be; lands; will have; will you give 12. find
Exercise 3:
1. A professor is someone who gives lectures at the university.
2. A doctor is someone who cures sick people. 3. A nurse is some
one who looks after sick people in hospital. 4. A photographer is
someone who takes pictures. 5. A porter is someone who carries
luggage. 6. A chef is someone who cooks meals in a restaurant.
7. An actor is someone who performs something on the stage.
8. A painter is someone who paints portraits.
Exercise 4:
1. A pair of scissors is something that cuts things. 2. A calculator
is something that helps you count. 3. A lawnmower is something
that cuts the grass in your garden. 4. A hairdryer is something
that makes your hair dry. 5. A washing machine is something that
cleans the dirty clothes. 6. An oven is something that bakes cakes.
7. A CD player is something that plays music. 8. A vacuum cleaner
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is something that cleans your carpet and floor.
Exercise 5:
1. Here is your message which/that Mr Brown left yesterday.
2. The washing machine which/that the couple got from his
grandmother broke down after two weeks. 3. I know a lot of
people who don't speak languages. 4. Where are the guests who
ordered this champagne? 5. This is the river which/that flows
across our city. 6. There's a man on the phone who wants to talk
to you. 7. I like the flowers which/that are in front of your house.
8. She's watching a film which/that I don't like. 9. There's a hole
on the jumper which/that I bought yesterday. 10. The ticket office
which/that sold these tickets is in the centre. 11. The person who
asked us for some directions spoke the language with a strange
accent. 12. George works in a shop which /that sells mobile
phones.
Exercise 6:
l.who 2. who 3.- 4.- 5. who 6.- 7. who 8.- 9. which/that
10.- 11.who 12.- 13.who 14.- 15.which 16.- 17.-
18. which/that 19. which/that 20. which/that
Exercise 7:
1. How did you find the restaurant where you had your wedding
reception? 2. A hospital is a place where sick people are cured.
3. Can you show me the drawer where you want me to put the
spoons? 4. A can't find a place in town where they can repair my
bag. 5. The village where my father was born has grown a lot
and become a town. 6. An Internet caf is a place where you can
have a drink and surf the Internet.
Exercise 8:
l.who 2. - 3. whose 4.- 5. whose 6. whose 7. where 8. where
9. - 10.- 11. whose 12.- 13. which/that 14. which/that
15. whom 16. whose 17. where 18.- 19.- 20. which/that
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14. Reported speech - Fgg beszd
Exercise 1:
I. John says (that) he bought his car a week ago. 2. Tim and
Fiona say (that) they're going to get married next year. 3. Ben
says (that) his father's an engineer. 4. The cleaning lady says
(that) she's been cleaning that flat all day. 5. Judy thinks (that)
they were there last week. 6. My cousin tells me (that) he/she
hasn't met my boyfriend yet. 7. Tim promises his mother (that)
he'll be back in an hour. 8. David confesses his wife (that) he has
spent all his money. 9. The boss tells us (that) we have to work a
lot harder. 10. Susan hopes (that) she'll be able to pass her exam.
I I. Susan tells the repairman (that) she'll take him some tea when
he has finished. 12. Mother promises her daughter (that) she'll
do everything she can to help her.
Exercise 2:
1. Grandma asks her granddaughter if she likes strawberries.
2. The waiter asks us if we would like strawberry ice-cream.
3. Peter asks Sheila if she has met his brother. 4. The teacher asks
Paul how long his mum has been away. 5. Father wants to know
who Mrs Brown is. 6. Father asks his son if Mrs Brown is his Biology
teacher. 7. The headmaster asks the students what's happening
there. 8. The boss asks Mr Jones when he finished his work last
night. 9. The school nurse asks Jimmy if he isn't feeling well.
10. The travel agent asks Mary if she wants to go by plane or by
coach. 11.1 wonder if it's going to rain this afternoon. 12. My
future mother-in-law wants to know if I can cook. 13. Mother
asks her daughter who she is in love with. 14. Sheila asks Bob if
he loves her. 15. The teacher asks her students what they're
planning to do during the autumn break.
Exercise 3:
1. My grandma asks me to help her (to) look for her glasses.
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Key - Megoldkulcs
2. Peter wants to know what time it is. 3. Mum tells me on the
phone (that) Gerry went to see them yesterday. 4. The teacher
asks Jill if she knows the answer to that question. 5. Mother tells
her son to put on his coat or he may feel cold. 6. Father asks
Donald to go out and get him a newspaper. 7. My boss promises
(that) he'll return in time for the meeting. 8. Mary tells her children
to go out and play in the garden. 9. My friend tells me to invite
both of them. 10. The tour guide says to the tourists (that)
tomorrow they're going to visit the cathedral. 11. Mrs White asks
her neighbour to post that letter for her. 12. A passenger asks the
man at the information office when the next train to Poole is.
13. Jane asks her roommate why all her books are lying on the
floor. 14. Grandma asks her grandson to bring her a carton of
milk when he goes (to see her). 15. Jill asks me who I'm waiting
for. 16. The Chemistry teacher tells the students not to touch
anything until he/she gets back. 17. She wonders if they will
believe her. 18. Peter tells his friends (that) his mum doesn't let
him go with them. 19. Jill asks her husband if he can slow down
a bit. (Jill asks her husband to slow down a bit.) 20. Janet asks
her sister not to tell the news to anybody.
Exercise 4:
l.told 2. tell 3. says 4. ask 5. tell 6. ask/tell 7. tell/ask 8. says
9. tell 10. asks
Exercise 5:
1. David says he has to be back by 4 o'clock. 2. Pat tells the dentist
that she won't open her mouth. 3. Mary is asking a policeman
where the bank is. 4. David wants to know what time his mother
gets home. 5. The students wonder why the door of their
classroom isn't open. 6. John asks us if we often go skating.
7. Librarians often ask the visitors not to make noise. 8. My son
asks me who I sat next to in class.
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Key - Megoldkulcs fj^
15. Conjunctions and linkers -
Ktszk, a szveg kapcsolelemei
Exercise 1:
l.but 2. or 3. and 4. but 5. or 6. and 7. but 8. and 9. but
10. but 11. and 12. and 13. or 14. but 15. or
Exercise 2:
1. or I'll call the police. 2. and we took some nice photographs.
3. but I can't remember his name. 4. or would you like to walk?
5. and ask for help. 6. and there's a radiator in every room. 7. or
you can sit where you are. 8. but we can't move in until next
month. 9. but she hasn't got married yet. 10. or they'll hurt even
more.
Exercise 3:
1. because it was very hot in the room. 2. so you won't find them
at home this evening. 3. so everybody likes her. 4. because she
was ill. 5. because it's late. 6. because she wasn't interested. 7. so
I'm starving now. 8. because I didn't know the address. 9. so he
asked the teacher to explain it again. 10. so you should try to talk
to him.
Exercise 4:
1. Despite the rain we went out for a walk. 2. Although it was
snowy, they decided to go by car. 3. Despite the terrible food we
went there for dinner the next day too, because Jim liked the
waitress. 4. Although Sally was said, she tried to smile at every
body there. 5. Although she had low grades, she was admitted to
university. 6. Despite not being / Despite the fact that she isn't a
Hungarian citizen, she has to pay income taxes in Hungary.
7. Even though he was really tired, he couldn't sleep. 8. Although
they were the better team, they couldn't win the match.
Exercise 5:
1. Despite / In spite of 2. although 3. although 4. Despite/In
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Key - Megoldkulcs
spite of 5. although 6. Although 7. Although 8. Despite /In
spite of 9. Although 10. Despite / In spite of
Exercise 6:
1. because 2. although 3. although 4. so 5. but 6. so 7. because
8. so 9. or 10. but 11. Although 12. or 13. Although 14. and
15. but
Exercise 7:
1. We can either prepare dinner for them or take them to a
restaurant. 2. I'm going to give my friend either a CD or a necklace
for her birthday. 3. Neither the driver of the car nor the passengers
were injured in the accident. 4. Both the cyclist and the pedestrian
were taken to hospital. 5. He neither drinks nor smokes. 6. They
bought not only a house but also a new car at the same time.
7. The guests had both lunch and dinner with us. 8. Not only the
Maths teacher is ill today, but the Biology teacher is also away.
9. Tomorrow there will be either rain or snow. 10. I'm really
unlucky. I not only lost my wallet, but also my key.
16. Word formation - Szkpzs
Exercise 1:
- er: manager, interpreter, photographer, survivor, teacher, inventor,
entertainer, producer, actor, adviser
- ian: politician, musician, mathematician
- ist: scientist, artist, journalist, receptionist, humorist, stylist,
economist
Exercise 2:
I. discovery 2. jealousy 3. stupidity 4. monarchy 5. epubli-
canism 6. height 7. ignorance 8. length 9. youth 10. curiosity
I I. sweetness 12. agreement 13. illness 14. security 15. reality
16. criticism 17. originality 18. protection 19. movement
20. creation
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Key - Megoldkulcs ^
Exercise 3:
1. laziness 2. happiness 3. darkness 4. length 5. ability
6. generosity 7. depth 8. shortage 9. freedom 10. personality
Exercise 4:
I. hopeful/hopeless 2. salty 3. childish 4. accidental 5. sunny
6. golden 7. windy 8. fearful 9. steamy 10. continental
I I . humorous 12. effective 13. tasty 14. foolish 15. noisy
16. northern 17. lucky 18. religious 19. suitable 20. beautiful
Exercise 5:
1. creative 2. dirty 3. mysterious 4. attractive 5. endless
6. dangerous 7. wonderful 8. luxurious 9. disgusting 10. dramatic
Exercise 6:
1. unfortunately 2. to misunderstand 3. unemployed 4. impatient
5. immoral 6. dishonest 7. inhuman 8. imperfect 9. to disagree
10. useless
Exercise 7:
1. competitions 2. uncomfortable 3. directions 4. information
5. education 6. announcement 7. geographical 8. explanation
9. decision 10. comedian 11. valuable 12. disappearance
13. sleepy 14. qualifications 15. worthless 16. shorten
17. unexpectedly 18. unavoidable 19. disadvantages
20. guidance 21. traditional 22. safety 23. communication
24. disagree 25. musical
Exercise 1:
l.the 2.- 3. an 4. the 5. a 6. a 7. an 8.- 9. the 10. the
11. the 12. a 13. the 14. a 15. the 16. the 17. the 18.- 19. a
20. an 21. a
Exercise 2:
in: the 19th century, the morning, 2006, spring, the 1990s,
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Key - Megoldkulcs
two weeks, June
on: Friday night, Tuesday, 1October, their wedding day, Thanks
giving Day, New Year's Eve
at: the end of the school year, night, the age of 20, present, Easter,
6.30 a.m., the moment
Exercise 3:
in: the mountains, the sky, my hand, hospital, my bag, bed, a
village, the mirror, the park, a line, the picture, the room
on: the floor, the radio, the top shelf, the wall, my way to work
at: the bus-stop, the end of the street, work, the station, home,
the cinema, the traffic lights, school
Exercise 4:
1. nothing 2. somewhere 3. anywhere 4. anybody; anything
5. something; somewhere 6. anything 7. anybody 8. somebody
9. Nobody 10. anywhere
Exercise 5:
1. spending; going 2. to turn down; to make 3. help; (to) do
4. fighting 5. inviting; to be 6. going 7. to buy 8. working 9. feel
10. Looking 11. pay 12. learning; to be 13. to see 14. to get lost 15.
to pay 16. leave 17. travelling 18. to watch 19. repeating 20. to go
Exercise 6:
1. Why 2. How 3. What 4. Why 5. What 6. Why 7. What
8. What 9. How 10. who 11. Why 12. Which 13. How many
14. How 15. What
Exercise 7:
1. We couldn't go to our favourite restaurant because they were
decorating it. 2. Can I have the menu, please? 3. Could you tell
me the code for Manchester, please? 4. You have to wear a
seatbelt when you drive in England. 5. In some schools children
have to wear a uniform. 6. You can walk in the park but you
mustn't skateboard or play football. 7. They look so much alike,
they must be twins. 8. You should talk to your mum first. 9. You
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Key - Megoldkulcs
mustn't take your ice-cream into the museum. 10. You'll have to
repair the fence, as your dog shouldn't come over to our garden.
11. He can't be in the library at the moment. 12. Do I have to get
a visa to Egypt? 13. You shouldn't go swimming after a big meal.
14. May I / Can I open the window? 15. The students were allowed
to leave school early yesterday. 16. You mustn't steal. 17. The bag
may belong to Kate. 18. These tomatoes may/might not be fresh.
Exercise 8:
1. It isn't a very exciting performance. 2. She isn't working
extremely hard this week. 3. He hasn't finished his beer yet. 4. The
kitchen doesn't need to be decorated every year. 5. We haven't
sold our old car. 6. Peter doesn't need a Think Pad for his job.
7. We won't have to finish it in half an hour. 8. You needn't / don't
have to answer every question in detail. 9. You aren't allowed to
stay up late today. 10. His parents couldn't speak German at the
age of five. 11. I don't often visit my cousin in Austria. 12. Ann
hasn't got two cats. 13. There isn't a florist's on the corner of the
next street. 14. I didn't buy this watch for my friend. 15. They
don't grow oranges in England. 16. My house isn't being
decorated at the moment. 17. They wouldn't help you if you asked
them. 18. They may not sell all the tickets by that time.
Exercise 9:
1. noticed 2. went 3. saw 4. was feeling 5. sat 6. helped 7. heard
8. tried 9. ran 10. hid 11. thought 12. noticed 13. became 14. went
15. saw 16. was missing 17. were 18. pulled 19. beat 20. called
Exercise 10:
1. The exhibition of his photographs is going to be opened
tomorrow. 2. Last week a new secondary school was opened by
the Mayor in the suburbs. 3. The gym hall is used only for indoor
sports. 4. In Scotland haggis is made on the basis of secret recipes.
5. It'll be finished by tomorrow. 6. The lights have been turned
off. 7. This parcel has to be dealt with very carefully. It's fragile.
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Key - Megoldkulcs
8. He must be told the news. 9. The situation will have to be
accepted sooner or later. 10. This music was written by an unknown
composer. 11. I'm sorry but your boots can't be repaired. 12. The
walls of my brother's room are covered with posters of footballers.
13. Her watch was being repaired while she was doing the
shopping in the department store. 14. My application has been
accepted. 15. Who was Millennium Bridge built by? 16. Their
parents are going to be presented with a luxurious cruise on the
Mediterranean for their wedding anniversary. 17. The accident
happened on a road which was being repaired. 18. She has already
been offered the job. 19. You can't swim now because the
swimming pool is being cleaned. 20. It was the boss's birthday so
coffee and biscuits were handed round.
Exercise 11:
1. was opened 2. is 3. is 4. lies 5. has 6. has 7. lasts 8. oves
9. stops 10. have to 11. is moving 12. has become 13. has
appeared 14. has become 15. is visited 16. means 17. take
18. be bought 19. are 20. have to
Exercise 12:
I. lifts 2. will invite 3. got; wouldn't be 4. had; would drink.
5. was/ were; would be able 6. decide 7. weren't/wasn't; would
go 8. would ask 9. were; would see 10. had; wouldn't call
I I . gets; will call 12. would be; was/were 13. have; will get
14. had; could apply 15. would you like 16. will buy; is
Exercise 13:
1. impolite 2. satisfied 3. carelessness 4. amazement 5. foolish
6. politicians 7. pronunciation 8. explanation 9. accidentally
10. frozen 11. angrily 12. disadvantages 13. unemployed
14. misunderstanding 15. interested 16. strongest 17. less
18. annoying 19. insurance 20. rapidly 21. enjoyable
22. absolutely 23. international 24. irregularly 25. irresistible
292

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1. It's possible that our guests from Canada arrive late.

5. In some schools it is compulsory for children to wear a uniform.

2. She's working extremely hard this week.

14.They have accepted my application.

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