ANJURAN

BAHAGIAN PEMBANGUNAN
USAHAWAN NEGERI KELANTAN
12/08/2002 HINGGA 14/08/2002

MILESTONE

The Starting Point, Middle Point or Finishing Point

Rule No 1 :
All Points MUST start and Finish Together
Rule No 2 :
Milestone has a ZERO duration

ACTIVITY
The contents of the program
(Isi kandungan CPM)
Rule No 1 :
Must contain DURATION
Rule No 2 :
Must be linked IN and OUT

RELATIONSHIP
The Link between ACTIVITIES
(Perhubungan di antara AKTIVITI)
Rule No 1 :
Must be either Finish to Finish, Finish to Start, Start to
Finish and Start to Start
Rule No 2 :
Can have LAG or LEAD values

ISTILAH DAN DEFINASI ASAS CPM

? Duration (D)
The estimated time required to perform an activity. The time
should include all resources that are assigned to the activity

? Early Start (ES)

The earliest time an activity can be started

? Early Finish (EF)

The earliest time an activity can be finished and is equal to the
early start plus the duration
EF = ES + D

? Late Finish (LF)

The latest time an activity can be finished

? Late Start (LS)

The latest time an activity can be started without delaying the
completion date of the project
LS = LF - D

? Total Float (TF)

The amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the
completion date of the project
TF = LF EF = LS - ES

? Free Float (FF)

The amount of time an activity may be delayed without delaying the
early start time of the immediately following activity

? Critical Path
A series of interconnected activities through the network diagram, with
each activity having zero free and total float time. The critical path
determines the minimum time to complete the project

LANGKAH-LANGKAH ASAS
UNTUK MENYEDIAKAN CPM
1.

SEDIAKAN JADUAL AKTIVIT (WBS)

2.

ANGGARKAN TEMPOH SIAP BAGI SETIAP

AKTIVITI

3.

TENTUKAN SUSUNAN AKTIVITI IAITU

YANG MANA DAHULU DAN SELEPAS

4.

LAKARKAN RANGKAIAN AKTIVITI

DENGAN SETIAP AKTIVITI DISAMBUNG
MENGIKUT YANG DITERTIBKAN

5. BERIKAN NOMBOR ATAU KOD KEPADA

AKTIVITI

6. PENGIRAAN TEMPOH MASA

?

EF = ES + D (FORWARD PASS)

LS = EF D (BACKWARD PASS)

FFi = ESj EFi

TF = LF EF = LS ES

7. KENALPASTI LALUAN AKTIVITI

KRITIKAL
?

TF = FF = 0

LEGEND
Backward Pass : LS = LF - D
LS

No

LF

Activity
Description
ES

EF

Forward Pass : EF = ES + D

Contoh Pengiraan
(Precedence Diagram)
3

10

B
3

LS

LF

10

D
5

13

13

F
9

14

H
12

12

13

14

17

A
0

ES

EF

14
2

C
2

10

10

E
7

12

12

G
10

10

14

I
12

12

14

17