network

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tcp-ip

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.
frame switc h flood .
frame broadc ast switc h flood .
switc h 48 . .
LAN

Pac ket-S witc hing

Pac ket-S witc hing . buffer . MAC

. ) (MAC Table . LAN Payload . MAC
Address . .

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. . .

.1 Pac ket-based :

Cut-through

S tore-and-forward

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S witc h Configurations .2

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(Table .
.
MAC
2 MAC . MAC .
) (Interfac e MAC . MAC
. MAC MAC .

: Bus arc hitec ture

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Transparent Bridging .3

transparent bridging .
) ( network administrator . :

Learning

Flooding

Filtering

Forwarding

Aging

: Learning

a a b c . a . MAC Address
. a a . Learning . MAC
Address .

: Flooding

b a . Flooding .

: Forwarding

b a . b b MAC Table c .
a a . A b .
Forwarding .

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 a b b b .
MAC
2 MAC . MAC .
) (Interfac e MAC . MAC
. MAC MAC .

: Filtering

c a . c HUB c a . a
) a ( c c a a .
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Broadc ast S torms Digital Equipment Corporation

S panning-tree Protoc ol S TP IEEE id.802 .

) (Broadc ast S torm

. .
) S TA( S panning- tree Algorithm .
.

) ( Flow Control
, .
.

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)(router . OS I .

)(router ) (pac ket .

1- :

routing
WAN Frame Relay IS DN ATM . ,c pu ,ram,slot
. .

2- :

. LAN WAN .

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)( ) (HUB OS I physic al layer

.

) (hub

half duplex send rec eive send rec eive .

20 kbps 20 1kbps .

hub bac kbone bac kbone . pc hub

bus . hub hub .

pc pc .
pc bac kbone pc
star hub star bus . hub bus .

arbitration star hub c sma/c d Carrier S ense Multiple Ac c ess / Collision Detec tion.

Arbitration ) ,( c ollision arbitration . c ollision .

performanc e 15-10 .
pac ket .

hub c ollision domain .

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 tcp-ip

. TCP/IP
TCP/IP . 2000 .
.
TCP/IP .

applic ation
TCP/IP . S ession,Presentation Applic ation OS I .
. HTTP , FTP,pop3,smtp ... .

transport
Transport OS I . applic ation internet .
) tc p( ) udp ( .
.

) (internet
Network OS I . 4 .

) IP (Internet protoc ol . .
) ARP (Address Resolution Protoc ol (Media Ac c ess Control (MAC .
) ICMP (Internet Control Message Protoc ol .
) IGMP (Internet Group Managemant Protoc ol Multic asting TCP/IP .

network interfac e
OS I . ) ( .
Ethernet ) ATM)Async hronous Transfer Mode
, . 12 ) ( MAC .

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network
network
network
network

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