INTRODUCTION

Definitions / reference points

Forces and moments transverse stability
Stability requirements
Practical examples
Forces and moments longitudinal stability
Calculation procedures
Computer software

DEFINITIONS

DISPLACEMENT- total weight of the ship, cargo, ballast, bunkers, etc.

LIGHT SHIP - Weight of the ship construction ready for sea
DEADWEIGHT- Displacement - Light ship

Draft

Depth

Length between perpendiculars (LBP)

REFERENCE POINTS

G- Centre of gravity

M (metacentre)

The centre of gravity of the

weight of the ship, equipment,
ballast, bunkers, cargo etc.
B- Centre of buoyancy
The application point of all the
buoyancy forces on the hull.
Equals the centre of gravity of
the submerged part of the hull

M - Metacentre.
Inter section of work line of the G
force with the work line of the B
force

G (centre of gravity)

B (centre of buoyancy)

G- CENTRE OF GRAVITY

G
G

KP

KG
KG

Displacement x

KG = Moment 1

KP = Moment 2

D+P

KG = M 1 +M2

KG

G
KP

GG SHIFTING 1 WEIGHT

G
Vert. shift

Hor. shift

Vertical shift:

GG = (a x P) / Displ.
a
Horizontal shift:
GG = (b x P) / Displ.

P
b

KP
Point of
application

G
G

M curve
30
25

10
5

0
B curve

M30
M40

M10

N40
N60

N10
M0

M60

Forces and moment when ship has a list

Righting moment

Gravity force in G
Buoyancy force in B
B-B = L B3 / (12 x Displ.)
F
d

Righting moment
F*d
a = NK.SIN() GK.SIN()

Righting
moment

RIGHTING
LEVER
F
a

WORK BY RIGHTING
MOMENT 0-20
(M RAD.)

Righting lever

RIGHTING MOMENT
LEVER AT 30

GM VALUE

20

30

57.3

Heeling angle

SHIPS STABILITY CRITERIA

Till 40: Area > 0.09 mrad
Max arm at angle > 25
(prefer. 30)

30- 40: Area > 0.055 mrad

Till 30: Area > 0.055 mrad

Righting lever

GM0 > 0.15 m

Arm > 0.20 m

with angle =>30

30

40

57.3

Heeling angle

40 or flooding angle

F
a

F
G

THE EFFECT OF BALLASTING

M
GG = MG reduction
G

G
G1

GG1 = LTANK X BTANK3 x s.d x tan()/ (12 x DISPL.)

GM(corr) =( Ltank x (Btank)3 x s.d) / (12x Displ.)

L bp

App

1/2 Lbp

Fpp

10

10

10

08

08

08

06

06

06

T (aft)

T(fore)

T(aft)

T(fore)
Trim = T(aft) - T(fore)
T(aft) = T(aft)+ 1/2 Trim

T(fore) = T(fore) - 1/2 Trim

X2

X1

Volume 1

Volume 2
Volume 1 = Volume 2 if X1 = X2

X2

X1

Volume 1 = Volume 2 if X1 < X2

Tipping centre
(LCF)

10

10

10

08

08

08

06

06

06

16

16

16

--

--

14

14

14

--

--

--

12

12

12

--

--

10

10

10

--

--

--

13.7

13.0

--

--

G G

10

10

08

08

06

06

LCF
LCB
Hydrostatic data :
Argument : Draft( even keel)

Displacement (D)

LCB

LCF

tons / cm

TM / cm