Will Bracken 1

William Bracken
Rebecca Agosta
UWRT 1102-016
30 October 2014

Annotated Bibliography

What type of association or other type of identity is change over the course of moving
through the education system?
Gee, James P. "Identity as an Analytic Lens for Research in Education Review of Research of
Education, Vol. 25 (2000-2001), pp. 99-125: American Educational Research Association. Web.
3 Nov. 2014
In Analytic Lens for Research it focuses on four types of viewpoints of Identity. Being
that the identities groups are Nature ID, Intuition ID, Discourse- ID, and Affinity-ID. All
which play into each other and are inseparable in real life. You can have nature or the
way you are brought up to what type of affinity groups you see yourself as. As all
identities must be recognized by myself or other people to be a part of who I am. In
nature identity it can be genes to the agreement of nature verses nurture agreement. That
leads into intuitional perspective on how you label who I am. Example being that the
author is a Professor. He is subject to authorize of the school. Also you can think it as
you are the child to parents which they associates that kid with ADHD. This Kid has
nature Id as ADHD and is subject as a trouble kid to parents. As this kid grows in the
education system Glee shows that Discursive Id is shaped around society. You can be

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angry person if you are they only one alive? Returning to the Kid with ADHD he has a
short attention span which can be view in different ways. In unsupportive environment
the kid may act out more. In other environments this Child may viewed as creative. As
the child finishes school he may Affinitive with other ADHD adults which may help this
person study or do different actives. In affinity groups they are wide groups of people that
share a common experience in their life.
With the breakdown of the identity into how you can view them. Based Glees
observations of identity you can paint a more detail picture of persons identity. For me I
will use this information to breakdown the identity of middle and upper class student
from being of school to end and compare them on what make success on moving or
staying in same class. As Glee published in a scholarly database so that the credibility pf
the pieces good for information putting. The report had to meet the reviews before being
published on the topic of identity.
What type of association or other type of identity is change over the course of moving
through the education system?
Harkins, Meg P.E. Personal Interview. 3 November 2014.
Do you believe that education is the best path to a better life (wealth standpoint wise)?
Yes, that why I am at UNCC. etc
In your time as a Professor, do you see wealthier background students or more first
generation students? Which type of student does better overall?
Depends on skill like trades and education.
Dr. Harkin: Student from lower income more willing to change. Higher income more
set in their way academic wise.
Walther students have more access to tutors and help. While lower income it more the
drive to change or go the extra mile.
In your experience can you tell a wealthier background student academic wise? (For
example Bill went to private school while Ed went to inner city high. Which does better?)
Doesnt really matter either way it really down to the students behavior to do better.

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How do these students perform long term, short, both, or does it even out over time in the
academic world? {By that I mean that one student enters college in the same year and
both gradate at the same level in the same time.}
Evens out over time that lower and upper class students will secede in different ways.
Again Dr. Harkins: Depends on the students ability
Long term do you see student from lower classes having better opportunities in the
business world verses one that came from money? (That is if both former students go to
work on the same place with same level of education and hired at around the same level.
Etc.)
This school UNC Charlotte does the good job of preparing a student for business
world with the introduction of etiquette and manner for the business world.
As a holder of degree(s) are you more financially set then your parents and are you more
educated than your parents? Yes, with my degrees I am better off finically then my
parents.
Do you see education as the great equalizer in American society?
Yes, it pays a part in providing a way for people to enter into a new career with higher
pay.Life is full of ups and downs do you obverse that wealth is transformed from hard
work, combination, or inherited?
N/A
Do you think that if one goes to college that his/her children will go in the next
generation or do other thing such as trade school?
N/a
Do believe at earning and using ones education is a way for people to obtain American
dream?
Yes

The interview was about me asking personal but, general questions to Professor Harkins.
Most of the questions are general like Do you believe that education is the best path to
a better life (wealth standpoint wise)? Professors answer was most of the time short
and simple to the point of yes or no. This was in my fault because I was rushed to do the
interview between classes for me. As Professor Harkins answered I did see in this an
underlying message to the interview. Professor Harkins message was that education
was not just a college education but the ability to learn and apply a skill set. At college
people learn this skill and go out to real world to apply it. It is up to them as Professor
Harkins put it that results in how successful they are

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Professor Harkins is a credible source because as a teacher at the University of North

Carolina at Charlotte she see countless students over the years of different class. By
observing the students, Professor Harkins insight has a deep understanding of how
these student perform in and out of school. With Professor Harkins insight I would like
use the interview as a way to connect my research to home and show that it is a
complexes issue. The interview is both topic and a little of identity that in showing what
real people see here at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Are more selective college associations with the upper class or is middle class.
Leonhardt, David. "Top Colleges That Enroll Rich, Middle Class and Poor." The New York
Times. The New York Times, 08 Sept. 2014. Web. 03 Nov. 2014.
Over the last decade some colleges have taken to heart the need widen the access to
education. Schools like University of Florida have raised money just to spend on
financial aid and more schools are reallocating scholarships for more needy students.
Grinnell set floor on the share of freshmen whose parents didnt go to college at 15%.
That is all good when said but, a lot of schools have not matched their p proclamation to
recruit a more economically diverse student body. These actions have led to a
traditionally excelled student of high school not going to top schools. Or in some cases
never graduating from any school at all. This is one big education gap that is problem for
the economy as a whole. While low-income children who get As and high SAT score
may not be able to go. Leading to the upward mobility problem and in the US it is less
common then in many other rich countries. As some colleges recruit high-achieving
modest background students is how to pay for the whole thing. Places like Grinnell
combine on campus jobs with grants and federal loans to leveling out the playing field for

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students. As leveling the playing field goes nothing beats the information. That in 2004
the most selective private schools freshmen class whose father was a doctor was more
combined then whose student father was a blue collar worker like teacher. This is not just
because poorer student struggle in school. In 2008 the top 4% of students nationwide
only one out of every three will go to a more selective school. Even at Harvard where
their President open a flood gates for financial aid. All these plus congress opening up
more Pell Grants to school still have problem recruiting student from middle class. If a
student does go to Harvard or other school that have open up more. They still face the
juggling classwork, new friend, not home, logistical issues, and jobs. That more affluent
kids handle better because they the take away of financial issues and logistical issues are
easier for their parents. With all the focus on selective and name brand school most of the
raise in new college graduates will come from smaller or less know schools. For the
colleges research has shown that low-income students who attend less selective colleges
has little effect on the eventual earnings. On the other hand graduation rates at a more
selective college are higher than small school for the attention paid to the student.
As this address my question what which class groups go to which colleges? It clearly
points that an upper class is more likely to go to a name brand selective school. Over the
entire one thing I find surprising is the fact that the earning are not that different but the
graduation rates are. This source is more for the collective whole of the topic. This is a
credible piece because it was publish in the New York Times while citing many studies
done by universities.

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I left wondering about the findings that earnings for low-income students are the about
the same in different colleges. What about if a high-income student dont go to a name
brand school will the earnings over a life time be different.

Are there ways for one to move up the class chain Is it based off of wealth generated today
or inherited?
O'Brien, Matt. "Poor Kids Who Do Everything Right Dont Do Better than Rich Kids Who Do
Everything Wrong." Washington Post. The Washington Post, 18 Oct. 2013. Web. 31 Oct. 2014.

Why does it seem the upper class is born and dead at the top? Even though they are not
as talent as the parents? This question has had economists been trying to answer for a
very long time. Well finally new light shines in this area because Greg Duncan and
Richard Murnane calculated that between 1972 and 2006 high-income parents have
increased their enrichment activities for children by 151%. While on the other hand the
middle-class has only done so by 57%. Mr. Duncan and Murnane point out that affluent
parents talk to their kids 3 hours more than poor children. This all culminates according
to Sean Reardson of Stanford to higher income children entering school better prepared
and staying that way through out primary school life. Sean Reardsons calling it the
education arms race thats leaving many kids far behind. By the time they are out of
school the advantages and disadvantages are so pronounced that rich high school
dropouts remain at the top of social ladder 14% of the time. Verses poor college grad
will be stuck at the bottom 16% of the time. So what is going on? Rich kids can work for

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the family business and in Canada at least 70% of the sons of the 1% work for the family
business. This is what is called opportunity hoarding, which includes everything from
Legacy College to unpaid internships to let their children play in a rig game. On top of
the rigging lower classes face the straight out student debt that the upper class just
doesnt worry itself with. It might not be a head- tails- you- lose game but, rich kid
have all the opportunities to get ahead easily and stay ahead.
From all this information, I think this impacts my researcher on how people do see that
it is truly greener on the other side of the fence and is easier to stay there. The parts
about what the parents do with their kids from an early age like read to them just
reinforce the ideas of education for later in life. The other part of the research that I will
us is the rig game we all play to get ahead is rig just for one part of society. This is one
piece to use more for the topic then identity or situation. It is credible from a big new
paper and the researcher that the article cites are from universities.

Is the only way to move up the ladder is by education only more likely the combination
of factor leading to education?
What different education view and options will a middle class do/have verses the upper class
Reardom, Sean F. "No Rich Child Left Behind." The Opinionator. New York Times, 27
Apr.

2013. Web. Sept.-Oct. 2014.

Wealthier children are moving ahead in education, which is leading to a better chance
for upper class student to attend college easier. In the last 20 years upper-income
families who earn B.S. degree has increased 18 percentage points while the completion

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rate of poor student has grown only 4 percentile points. With enrollment to more
selected school shows that in 2004 15% of upper class students enrolled in these
schools while on the other hand only 5% of middle class students enrolled. Compared
to 40 or 30 years ago when the test scores and enrollment data show that rich student
over performed the middle class by only small margins with no more the 10 percent at
one time. Times changed about 20 years ago when income and class became more tied
to career where education is a must and less skill jobs shipped overseas. Over time
studies like one done by Chicago University have shown theyre multiple reasons that
higher and lower income student perform different. Facts like, higher income students
parents spend more time with their children to using their money to develop their
childs cognitive development early on with activities like reading with them. As an
upper class child grows they are more likely to have tutors and go to summer programs
in focusing on learning not childcare. As Richard J. Murnane and Greg J. Duncan point
out the rich education is more important than it used to be, for reasons that success is
more tie to skills learned in college and not the family business.
In this way the ideas outline in the article incite correlations in a board range of factors
that show what and why the upper class is jumping so far ahead of lower classes.
Pointing out that in the last 20 years upper class has increases in education while
surpassing the past in wealth accumulations. By using their money to reinvest back into
their children it shows that their wealth will more than likely bypass expectations of the
past. This shines light on my question of How do up move up the wealth-social class
ladder? Richard J. Murnane and Greg J. Duncan study is credible because they are

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researchers at university of Chicago which they published their findings through. I plan
on using this info to reinforce the finding of early child develop in the upper class is
different leading later in life to views on educations a necessity like drivers license.