Jiang, Yi-Sheng, and Ming Chang Tsai.

The Correlation between Socioeconomic Factors and

the Suicide Rate. International Journal of Intelligent Technologies and Applied
Statistics 6.4 (2013): 415-430. Academic Search Complete. Web. 30 Oct. 2014.
This article from the database is about suicide in relation to socioeconomic factors in Korea,
Japan, and Taiwan. All three countries are currently developing and the suicide rates have gone
up since 1990 by as high as ninety percent in Korea and Taiwan. There are many factors that
cause suicide in these countries such as unemployment rate factors, divorce rate factors, and rural
and urban factors. Also there is a difference in suicide rates between different groups. Groups
like age, gender, and ethnicity all differ in suicide rates in these countries. Researchers conducted
surveys to find all the differences of suicide rates between the groups and the effect of
socioeconomic problems in suicide in Taiwan but also used the data to predict suicide rates for
the future. They found that socioeconomic factors play a significant role in suicide mortality in
these countries especially divorce rate. Also that the suicide rate of men and women have gone
up and there are substantial higher differences in men rather than women. These three countries
suicide rates are directly affected by socioeconomic problems and the suicide rate prediction was
that if there continues to be a rise in negative socioeconomic factors then there will be a rise in
the suicide rate in the long term.

Johnstone, Julie, Rosanna M. Rooney, Shari Hassan and Robert T. Kane. Prevention of
depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescents: 42 and 54 months follow-up of the
Aussie Optimism Program-Positive Thinking Skills. Original Research Article 5 (2014):
1-9. Academic Search Complete. Web. 26 Oct. 2014
In Australian adolescents and children, depression and anxiety are the most commonly reported
mental health problems. The Aussie Optimism: Program-Positive Thinking Skills (AOP-PTS) is
an intervention program based on mental and behavioral strategies and its goal is to prevent
anxiety and depression in children. Students were randomly assigned to the intervention and
control group participated in the 42 and 54 months follow-up study. The experimental group
received the AOP-PTS 10-week program and the control group received the regular health
education curriculum. Students were judged on anxiety, depression and attribution style at school
while parents reported on their childs external and internal problems at home. The study showed
that there was no substantial reduction in the groups depression and anxiety symptoms and
attribution style. The findings of the research suggest that AOP-PTS has short and medium term
effects but was not useful in the long term. Then future possibilities of finding a new way of
preventing such symptoms was discussed

Ekers, David, Lisa Webster, Annemieke Van Straten, Pim Cuijpers, David Richards and Simon
Gilbody. Behavioural Activation for Depression; An Update of Meta-Analysis of
Effectiveness and Sub Group Analysis. Public Library of Science 9.6 (2014): 1-11.
Academic Search Complete. Web. 29 Oct. 2014
Behavioral activation has attracted increased interest recently. It has been 5 years now that metaanalysis is used to back up the effectiveness of behavioral analysis with strong evidence
collected by researchers. Randomized trials of behavioral activation for depression against antidepressant medication has been conducted to prove its effectiveness. Data on symptom level and
study level moderators was collected and studied using meta-analysis, sub-group analysis and
meta-regression. The trials showed behavioral analysis to be better than regular medication for
depression. There was no sign of publication bias and subgroup analysis showed limited links
between moderators and effect size. The results in this meta-analysis support and reinforce the
evidence representing behavioral activation is a useful treatment for depression. Still more
research is needed to strongly back up this claim.

Anderson, Scott. The Urge to End It All. The New York Times 6 Jul. 2008. Print.
Anderson says that suicide is an overwhelmingly impulsive act. He cites a study of survivors that
said only 13 percent reported thinking about committing suicide for eight hours or longer; 70
percent said they thought about it for less than an hour; and a huge 24 percent said the idea had
occurred to them less than five minutes before their attempt. If that's true, then suicide is highly
opportunistic, and Anderson suggests that reducing the opportunities would reduce the incidence.
He says that research and anecdotal evidence appear to bear this out. Yet suicide rates by other
means remain roughly similar. Anderson points to another example where simply making a
change in people's access to instruments of suicide dramatically lowered the suicide rate.
Anderson discovered that the personal stories of people who had attempted suicide appeared to
support the statistical data, in sometimes very surprising ways.

Pena, Juan B., Monica M. Matthieu, Luis H. Zayas, Katherine E. Masyn and Eric D. Caine. Cooccurring risk behaviors among White, Black, and Hispanic US high school adolescents
with suicide attempts requiring medical attention, 19992007: Implications for future
prevention initiatives. Soc Psychiat Epidimiol (2010). Academic Search Complete. Web.
2 Nov. 2014
The purpose of this research study was to find subtypes of teen suicide attempters by evaluating
profiles related to drug/alcohol use, violent behavior, and depressive symptoms. Also to evaluate
the subtypes and them having had 2 or more suicide attempts during the past year and explore
the differences between race and gender among the suicide attempters. Data was collected from
the US Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System and concentrated on a subpopulation of youth
who reported a suicide attempt needing medical attention. To find the subtypes of suicide
attempters the researchers used a latent class analysis. The analysis found three classes of youth
who attempted suicide, distinct by their levels of substance use and violent behaviors. All three
classes had a high tendency of having depressive symptoms. The amount of youth with two or
more suicide attempts during the past year increased across attempters with higher levels of
substance use and violent behaviors. In the subtypes of the study, race and gender differences
were found. Preventing and treating the happening of substance use and violent behaviors may
serve as important strategies for reducing suicide attempts especially among male youth. For
public health strategies for suicide prevention to be effective, the different needs of youth at risk
should be taken into account.