HARDWARE

1. List down different kind of motherboard for the pc?

1. AT
2. ATX
3. BTX
4. NLX
2. What is the different between AX and ATX motherboard? Sketch the layout
of the two motherboards.
AX is an old style motherboard. It was originally from IBM.

ATX is todays motherboard that have been used. It was design by INTEL.

3. List the pins number of various kind of connector on the motherboard and at
the back of the PC?
1. P/S: 6 pins
2. Parallel port: 25 pins
3. Serial port: 9 pins
4. USB: 4 pins
5. VGA: 15 pins
6. IDE: 40 pins
7. Floppy: 34 pins
4. What are the DC voltages we can find from the DC power supply?
The power supplies are +5V,-5V, +12V,-12V and +3.3 for ATX power supply.
5. List down the electrical problem we are facing when operating our PC?
1. Electrical surge
2. Blackout
3. Flicker
4. Out gates
6. What are ESD, EMI and RFI?

Electrostatic Discharge Rapid discharge static electricity from one

conductor to another of a different potential.
Electromagnetic Interference Electrical disturbance in the performance
of electrical equipment.
Radio Frequency Interference Disturbance frequency within a range.

7. List different kind of PC storage.

ROM
CD ROM
SATA
USB
FLOPPY

8. List various kinds of RAM and their pin numbers.

DRAM 72 pins
RDRAM 184 pins
SDRAM 168 pins

OPERATING SYSTEM

1. What is the function of OS?

Operating system (OS) is used to run a program in the computer by operating
and to make the system work.
2. List down some of the OS that we can use in a small computer?

Win 98
Win XP
Win 2000
Win 7
Linux
Rat Hat

3. What is the different between text based and graphic base OS?
A text based OS is an OS that use a command line to operate the system.
The example is MS DOS.
A graphic based OS is not using text but it using graphic like Windows
3.1 was the first graphic based OS. New graphic based OS been use:
Windows XP/vista/7.

4. List down some of the internal and external command of the text based and
briefly explain the function of these command?
INTERNAL COMMAND
cd-To change directory
cd..-To go back to previous menu
cd\-To go to root directory
EXTERNAL COMMAD
fdisk-To make partition
format-To delete all date in the disk
5. What is FDISK used for and then list down the menu that we can find under
FDISK.

Fdisk is for partition and format disk.

The Fdisk menu such as options.

6. Explain briefly what File System is.

File system is a method of storing and organizing computer files and their data.
Essentially, it organizes these files into a database for the storage, organization,
manipulation, and retrieval by the computer's operating system.
7. What is the different between physical and logical drive?
A Physical Drive is drive that you can physically see in the computer
system itself. It is also referred to as a hard drive or HDD (Hard Drive
Device). For example, drives C:, D: and E: on a Windows PC can
represent three physical drives
A Logical Drive is a virtual device that provides an area of usable storage
capacity on one or more physical disk drive components in a computer
system.

8. List down the complete steps on how to install Windows 98 OS?

1. Access BIOS
2. Set boot sequence to CD-ROM priority.
3. Reboot system
4. Access CD-ROM
5. Format hard disk
6. Make primary partition (active)
7. Access CD-ROM (win98)
8. Locate and execute setup.exe
9. Follow steps to install win98
9. What is the different between basic and dynamic disk?

Basic Disk uses a partition table to manage all partitions on the disk, and
it is supported by DOS and all Windows versions. A disk with installed
OS would be default initialized to a basic one. A basic disk contains basic
volumes, such as primary partitions, extended partition, and all logical
partitions are contained in extended partition.
Dynamic Disk is supported in Windows 2000 and later operating system.
Dynamic disks do not use a partition table to track all partitions, but use a
hidden database (LDM) to track information about dynamic volumes or
dynamic partitions on the disk. With dynamic disks you can create
volumes that span multiple disks such as spanned and striped volumes,
and can also create fault-tolerant volumes such as mirrored volumes and
RAID 5 volumes. Compared to a Basic Disk, Dynamic Disk offers
greater flexibility.