WHAT IS TRANSPORTATION ?

ANY DEVICE USED TO MOVE AN ITEM

FROM ONE LOCATION TO ANOTHER IS
CALLED TRANSPORTATION.

TRANSPORTATION PLACES AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN

ECONOMIC SCALE OF BUSINESS.
IT LINK VARIOUS INTEGRATION OF LOGISTIC IN
BUSINESS.
IT PHYSICALLY MOVES THE PRODUCT FROM THE
PRODUCER TO THE LAST CONSUMER.
TRANSPORTATION IS ALSO A FACTOR IN TIME UTILITY.
IT PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN NATIONAL
ECONOMY.
68% OF NATIONAL RESOURCES LIKE PETROL IS USED IN
TRANSPORTATION.

TRANSPORTATION
FUNCTIONABILITY

PRODUCT
MOVEMENT

PRODUCT
STORAGE

PRODUCT MOVEMENT
THE PRODUCT IS IN THE FORM OF
MATERIAL, COMPONENTS, WORK-INPROGRESS, ASSEMBLING OR FINISHED
GOODS.

PRODUCT MOVEMENT

TIME STRATERGY

FINANCIAL RESOURCES

ENVIRONMENT RESOURCES

PRODUCT STORAGE

IT IS EXPENSIVE IN TRANSPORT VEHICLES

HERE THE UNLOADING AND RELOADING OF
PRODUCTS IN WAREHOUSE ARE MORE
EXPENSIVE

PRINCIPLE OF
TRANSPORTATION

ECONOMY OF SCALE

ECONOMY OF
DISTANCE

PARTICIPANTS IN
TRANSPORTATION DECISION
SHIPPER

PUBLIC

GOVERNMENT

CONSIGNEE

CARIEER

MODES
OF
TRANSPORTATION

RAILWAYS
RAIL NETWORK OWNED AND OPERATED BY
GOVT
OF INDIA.
MAXIMUM TRANSPORTATION OF GOODS TAKES
PLACE BY RAILWAY IN INDIA.
IT IS THE CHEAPEST FACTOR
IT IS ALSO SAFE AND ECONOMICAL MODE OF
TRANSPORT.

ADVANTAGES

DISADVANTAGES

HIGH SPEED

UNSUITABLE FOR SHORT

DISTANCE & SMALLL
QUANTITY OF GOODS

USEFUL FOR HEAVY &

BULKY GOODS

DOES NOT PROVIDES DOOR

TO DOOR SERVICE

CHEAPEST MODES OF
TRANSPORT

INFLEXIBLE

ROADWAYS
GOODS CARRIED ON TO THE PLACE OF
DESTINATION BY ROADS IN TRUCKS etc ARE
CALLED ROADWAYS

FEATURES
HIGHER FLEXIBILITY

ULTIMATE MODE OF TRANSPORT

OCTROI

 OLD MOTOR VEHICLE ACT

BAD & UNSAFE ROAD CONDITIONS

ADVANTAGES
LESS CAPITAL.

DISADVANTAGES
BAD CLIMATICAL
CONDITION.

DOOR-TO-DOOR SERVICE.

BAD ROAD CONDITIONS.

GIVE SERVICE IN RURAL
AREAS ALSO.

OCTROI

FLEXIBILITY SERVICE.

HIGH FUEL CONSUMPTION

PRIVATE OWNED
VEHICLES.

WATER TRANSPORTATION
THIS MODE IS THE LINK BETWEEN AREAS
SEPARATED BY WATER.
DIESEL DRIVEN SHIP CAME INTO EXISTENCE
MAIN ADVANTAGE OF WATER TRANSPORT IS
ITS CAPACITY TO MOVE EXTREMELY LARGE
SHIPMENT AT A VERY LOW COST.

FEATURES
LOW CAPITAL COST
LOW OPERATING COST
LOW SPEED
CAPACITY STORAGE

ADVANTAGES OF WATER TRANSPORT

ADVANTAGES
CAPACITY
LONG DISTANCE
LOW COST

WAREHOUSES
FLEXIBILITY

DISADVANTAGES
LOW SPEED

ALLIANCES NEEDED
HIGH RISK

DIS ADVANTAGE OF WATER

TRANSPORTATION

4) INLAND WATER TRANSPORT

IT IS CONTROL BY THE
STATE GOVT.

WE DONT HAVE A
SEPARATE PORT FOR IT.
COST OF CAPITAL FOR THIS
PORT IS VERY HIGH.
WE DONT HAVE PRIVATE
PORT FOR INLAND WATER
TRANSPORT.
THERE IS AN ABSENCE OF
CORDINATION WITH
GOVT.

5)PIPE LINE TRANSPORT

BASICALLY,IT IS FOR LIQUID LIKE PETROL,DIESEL,
GAS OR WATER..
GENERALLY LIQUID LIKE OILES,CRUID OIL,PETROLEUM, ETC.
THE FIRST PIPELINE IN INDIA STARTED FROM SHILONG IN
YEAR 1964.WHICH WAS ABOUT 11,163 KM PIPELINE
APPROXIMATELY.
IT WAS STARTED BY INDIAN OIL (GOVT OF INDIA)
27% PETROLUEM PRODUCTS ARE MOVED THROUGH
PIPELINE.
THIS MODE OF TRANSPORTATION IS ECO-FRIENDLY.

FEATURES AND ADVANTAGES OF PIPELINE

1. ALL WEATHER .

2. LOW ENERGY
CONSUMPTION.
3. SPACE UTILITY
4. CONTINEOUS PROCESS.
5. CHEAPER.
6. OPERATING COST.
7. ECO-FRIENDLY.

DIS ADVANTAGES OF PIPELINE

TRANSPORTATION
1) IT IS SUITABLE
ONLY FOR LIQUID.
2) VERY FEW ROUTES.
3) CHANCES OF
LEAKAGE.

COST OF PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION

IT HAS VERY HIGH
COST OF CAPITAL.

ITS OPERATING
COST IS LOW.

6) AIR TRANSPORTATION
GENERALLY THIS TRANSPORTATION IS DONE FOR
THE PRODUCTS WHICH HAVEE HIGH COST OR
WHICH ARE HIGHLY PERISHABLE IN NATURE.

FEATURES OF AIR TRANSPORTATION

1) EMERGENCY
PURPOSE.
2) HIGH SPEED.

3) HIGH COST.
4) HIGH PERISHABLE
GOODS.
5) OPERATING COST IS
VERY HIGH.

ADVANTAGES OF AIR
TRANSPORTATION
1) HIGH SPEED
2) QUICK SERVICE.

3) EASY ACCESSABLE.
4) NO PHYSICAL
BARRIER.

5) SAFETY OF GOODS.

DIS ADVANTAGE OF AIR TRANSPORT

RESTRICTED PRODUCT
LIKE HAZARDOUS
GOODS.
NARROW COVERAGE.
RISKY.
VERY COSTLY AND
EXPENSIVE.
NOT SUITABLE FOR
SMALL QUANTITY.

7) ROPE TRANSPORTATION
IT IS USED FOR TRANSPORTING MATERIAL IN HILLY,OTHERWISE
IN ACCESSABLE AREAS. IN
INDIA,16% OF TOTAL AREAS IS HILLY AREAS
& NEARLY ABOVE 200KM ROPE IS USED FOR
TRANSPORTATION

ADVANTAGE OF ROPE TRANSPORTATION

1) BULK MATERIAL
OVER SHORT
DISTANCE
2) LOW CAPITAL COST
3) PERFECT FOR HILLY
REGION.
4) NO DAMAGE TO
ENVIRONMEMENT.

DIS-ADVANTAGE OF ROPE TRANSPORT.

1) ONLY FUNCTION
IN HILLY AREAS.
2) SLOW MODE OF
TRANSPORT
3) RISK IS HIGH.

TRANSPORT FORMATS
1)COMMON CARRIER;Eg:-Autorickshaw,BEST Bus.

2)CONTRACT CARRIER;Eg:-School Bus.

3)PRIVATE CARRIER;Eg:-McDonald,Dominos
THEY HAVE THEIR OWN
BIKES OF DELIVERY.
4)EXEMPT CARRIER;Eg:- Airport Van,Military
Vans.

SELECTION OF CARRIER
1) VOLUME BASE
CARRIER..

2) AREAS OF OPERATION..
3) BRANCH OFFICE
&ASSOCIATION..
4) AVERAGE TRANSIT
TIME.
5) RECORD OF CLAIMING
SETTLEMENT BY
CARRIER.

SELECTION OF MODES OF TRANSPORT

1) CHARACTERISTICS
OF GOODS..
2) AVAILABILTY..
3) DISTANCE..
4) COST..
5) DELIVERY TIME..
6) FREQUENCY..

IMPORTANT CONCEPTS IN
TRANSPORTATION ARE AS
FOLLOWS:-

1) VTT (VEHICLE TURN AROUND TIME)

TURNAROUND IS AN ACT OR PROCESS OF

LOADING AND UNLOADING THE SERVICES FOR
THE SECOND ROUND..
VEHICLE TURNAROUND TIME IS THE TIME NEED TO
PREPARE A VEHICLE FOR A WRITTEN TRIP..

2) TRANSHIPMENT:TRANSHIPMENT
REFERS TO SHIPPING
PRODUCTS BETWEEN
VARIOUS
DISTRIBUTIONS,LOCATIO
NS,
TO AVOID STOCK OUT..
Eg;- PARLE CO. HAVE
DIFFRNT
PRODUCT LIKE
LIQUID,BISCUIT,
SNACKS,SO THEY PLACE
ALL DIFFERENT PRODUCT
AT DIFFRNT PLACE..

3) INTER-MODAL TRANSPORTATION:TO MOVE ONE PRODUCT FROM

DIFFERENT MODE OF TRANSPORT.
a) LAND BRIDGE :
* BASICALLY HERE WE ARE TALKING
ABOUT TWO COUNTRY WHICH
GET LINK WITH EACHOTHER..
*AIR AND WATER CONNECTS THE
TWO COUNTRY WHICH IS
CALLED LAND BRIDGE..
b) MINI LAND BRIDGE :
*HERE WE CONNECT WITH TWO
DIFFERENT STATES TO MOVE OUR
PRODUCT FROM ONE STATE TO
ANOTHER..
* MLB IS A SPECIAL CASE OF LAND
BRIDGE WHERE FOREIGN CARGO
ORIGINATE OR TERMINATE AT A
POINT WITHIN THE SAME
COUNTRY.

c) MICRO BRIDGE :-

* HERE WE TALK ABOUT DOOR-TO-DOOR SERVICE.

* HERE THEY TRANSPORT GOODS AT YOUR PLACE .
* RATHER THEN PORT-TO-PORT SERVICE ,THIS
PROVIDE DOOR-TO-DOOR SERVICE.
d) LOAD PLANNING :-

* HERE WE PURELY TALK ABOUT THE CUSTOMER NEEDS.

* WE SHOULD DELIVER THE GOODS AS PER THE
CUSTOMER NEEDS,IF THEY WANT IN EMERGENCY,OR
THEY WANT GOOD SERVICE ETC.
* LOAD PLANNING IS THE PROCESS OF MEETING THE
CUSTOMERS REQUIRMENT WITH AVAILABILITY OF
VEHICLE AND MAN POWER.DETERMINING THE ROUTE
AND SCHEDULE ACCORDINGLY