Internship Report Pakistan International Air Line

A REPORT WRITING ON FINANCE DEPARTMENT:PIA
FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This report writing is comprehensively written in such a way that it contains a
complete first hand information about the whole engineering
Complex/department and the major sections involved in it and is subject to the
june-july internship experience of the PIA engineering department under the
supervision of PIA concerned officials.
This report has been prepared as per requirement for the internship and
the information in this report was provided from the engg: Department officials
and individual efforts made by the internees from Pakistan Air Force - Karachi
Institute of Economics & Technology. Hence it can be used as a reference book
to acquire first hand knowledge of PIA engineering Complex. Specially those
who are new to PIA can make better use of it, because it not only contains
information about engg: department but also shares the key information about
its environment, policies, fleet and other sections that come under its
supervision. Huge efforts have been made to provide correct and relevant
information in this report. No one among group members will be held
responsible as in case of Irrelevancy of information & for any matter that may
create trouble for the internees of this group.
Lastly it will be injustice not to mention the name of our internship supervisors
who remained informative to us,: Faraz Ahmed, Sana Saeed & other senior
technicians. I also deeply acknowledge my gratitude to Mr Saud Ahmed, Miss
Sabiha Shah whose cooperation and full support led me to successful
completion of my Internship and hence this report writing.
Dated: July-20-09 SALEEM AHMED
Report writing by Saleem Ahmed

S NO: PAGE
CONTENTS NO
1. INTRODUCTION 3
2. BRIEF HISTORY 4
3. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES 5
4. PIA ENGINEERING COMPLEX 6-15
5. PIA HEALTH SAFETY & QUALITY POLICY 16-18
6. PIA FLEET 19-20
7. PIA IN-FLIGHT ENTERTAINMENT 21
8. PIA-AIRCRAFT KITCHEN 22
9.
GROUND HANDLING OF AIRCRAFTS 23
10. GLOSSARY OF EQUIPMENT USED IN AN AIRCRAFT 24-26
11. PIA AT PRESENT 27

12. 28
FUTURE PLANS OF PIA
13 29
FINANCE DEPARTMENT
(FUND MANAGEMENT & COST BUDGET)
14
COMMENTS AND SUGGESTIONS

INT
RODUCTION
PIA, Pakistan international airline is one among the highly renowned
and reputed organizations of Pakistan that is serving the nation for
more than 40 years.
PIA is driven by the highest standards of corporate governance and

social responsibility. As a public sector organization and a business
leader, PIA believes in building strong relationships with customers,
partners, employees, and the communities in which it operates. The
organization's values are exemplified in a range of corporate
initiatives designed to impact positively on the lives of multiple
stakeholders. PIA practices active corporate citizenship through
social services, support for non-profit organizations, medical services
for employees, the promotion of sports, and educational initiatives.
PIA has institutionalized the practice of good governance by

establishing a Corporate Social Responsibility Committee. The
Committee provides a platform to evaluate, update, and recommend
best practices as PIA continues on its mission to adhere to business
ethics and stamp out corruption. Corporate Social Responsibility
(CSR) is woven into the fabric of daily operations at PIA. Our
employees wholeheartedly contribute to our commitment to develop
the organization, the communities in which we function, and the
country.

BRIEF
HISTORY
Pakistan International Airline was formed on 11th
march 1954 with merged services of Orient
Airways. Three COnvair 240 and later three
LOCKHEED L1049 super constellation aircrafts
were added to the existing fleet of eleven DC-3
aircrafts, this made east and west linked by non
stop flights. Two years later, first international
flight was introduced with super constellation
aircraft from Karachi - London via Cairo/Rome.

AIMS & OBJECTIVES

PIA's vision is to be a world class airline that exceeds customer expectations
through dedicated employees, committed to excellence. Let us join us and
contribute to making Pakistan's national airline a global carrier of choice.
The aims and objectives of PIA include ensuring safety and quality from
customer’s point of view. Quality and efficient maintenance of Aircraft components
is the highest priority and the goal of the organization. The factors behind
successful achievement of the goals include safety, reliability, performance,
customer values and satisfaction. Moreover it involves improving the quality of all
products and services. It ensures good maintenance practices through the
application of human factors principles, encouraging personnels to report
maintenance related errors.
It is the responsibility of all personnels of engg: department to
extend full cooperation with quality auditors in order to promote quality, safety
standards and to compliance with procedures. This leads the personnels to be
dedicated, result oriented and to be devoted to their work. In result, employees
working in PIA are provided with remuneration, bonus, gratituity, rewards, praise,
allounces, packages, high salaries and other benefits due to their being sincere
and dedicated to their work.
As a leading corporation, headquartered in Karachi,

Pakistan, it is PIA’s responsibility to nurture and develop talented, motivated
individuals.
Throughout one’s career with PIA, one will be provided with opportunities for
professional, technical and personal development. In return, it expects one to work
with dedication, integrity, and 100% commitment as PIA strives to become a world
class airline.
PIA is an equal opportunities employer and aims to ensure that no job applicant
or employee receives unfavorable treatment on the grounds of gender, race,
color, ethnic origin, religion, or disability. All appointments are made on the basis
of merit.

(An Engineering Solutions for a Quality, Safety, and Cost Conscious Aviation Industry)
PIA Engineering is an established Aircraft Maintenance and Repair organization that provides
world-class solutions to the aviation industry. PIA's Engineering Base, head-quartered at Jinnah
International Airport, Karachi, is acclaimed as one of Asia's best. Strategically located for the
convenience of airlines whose operations extend to Asia, it is equipped with the most advanced,
modern aircraft maintenance and overhaul facilities and is manned by a team of highly trained
personnel.
PIA Engineering's sustained commitment and ability to meet customer needs has long been a
source of attraction for regional airlines that require aircraft maintenance support. PIA
Engineering has now started maintaining the assets of airlines of European origin - giving the
organization global recognition for its unbeatable quality, reliability and performance.
PIA Engineering delivers maintenance and overhauling services for customers as well as PIA's
fleet of aircraft in accordance with the maintenance schedule approved by the Civil Aviation
Authority, Pakistan and the European Aviation Safety Agency (under EASA PART-145 approval).
PIA’s large and diverse scope of maintenance include services of following

aircrafts:
Aircraft
Boeing 747-300, Boeing 747-200, Boeing 777-200, Boeing 737-300, Airbus A300B4, Airbus A300B2
and Airbus A310-300.
Technical Excellence, Competitive Rates, Proven Ability

PIA Engineering's sustained commitment and ability to meet customer needs has long been a
source of attraction for regional airlines that require aircraft maintenance support. PIA
Engineering has now started maintaining the assets of airlines of European origin - giving the
organization global recognition for its unbeatable quality, reliability and performance.

PIA Engineering - Areas and Services

1) Base Maintenance
Engg: dept offers a cost-effective and high quality Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul
Services for its airline fleet?
Entrust PIA Engineering, an EASA Part-145 approved MRO with the most extensive
maintenance capabilities, with your engineering and maintenance requirements. Our
clientele comprises of large numbers of international operators and our experience of over
50 years enables us to find the right solutions for all your operational and maintenance
needs. Our services are tailored to your airline's needs. Our highly qualified engineering
personnel offer comprehensive engineering services, backed up by excellent equipment
and systems. We have sufficient aircraft support dock installations in the hangars, as well
as trained manpower and tooling, to undertake simultaneous work on various types of
aircraft in your fleet, around the clock.
Dept: offer Base Maintenance services in the following areas:
• Structural Modifications
The Base Maintenance team is backed up with a state-of-the art Structure Repair Shop
which can perform repairs on individual structural components of aircraft and also has the
capability to develop repair schemes.

• Avionics Modifications
PIA Engineering has been involved in all the recent aircraft retrofit programs, based on
new requirements; such as TCAS-II, SUPERAHARS, GPS, EGPWS 8,33 kHz VHF, RVSM,
and B-RNAV. With a group of avionics modification specialists, no installation job or STC
implementation is too large or too complex for us. We have successfully completed a full
installation of the MAS -2000E and also have in-house expertise in MAS-3000E
installations and other In Flight Entertainment solutions.
• Painting
Base Maintenance team offers comprehensive aircraft painting services, including but not
limited to:
• Sign Painting
• Decals
• Placards
• Drawing of Logos
• Engraving of Cockpit Instrument Panels
• Write-ups in the Interior & Exterior of Aircrafts
2) Line Maintenance
Our highly skilled Line Maintenance team in Karachi undertakes and releases the full
range of cabin tasks and In Flight Entertainment (IFE) checks during transit, along with
regular transit tasks for Boeing 777, 747, 737 and Airbus A310, A300 B4, Fokker F-27, and
ATR-42, under EASA Part-145 and CAA Pakistan. Our Line Maintenance division is
backed by extensive shop support and substantial stocks of spare parts inventory and is
amongst the region's most experienced facilities.
As part of our Line Maintenance services, PIA Engineering also maintains the appearance
and quality of your aircraft's cabin and exterior. Our Line Maintenance facilities cover the
complete range of an aircraft's routine maintenance and inspection requirements. We
have sufficient aircraft support dock installations in 4 hangars with the requisite trained
manpower and tooling to undertake simultaneous work on various types of aircraft in
your fleet, around the clock.
PIA Engineering offers excellent Line Maintenance at all International/Commercial
airports in Pakistan and large numbers of line stations around the globe.
3) Power Plant and Overhaul

PIA's Power Plant Shops offer comprehensive repair, overhaul modification, testing and
calibration services for a range of aircraft engines and APUs such as: PIA Engineering's
Engine Overhaul Workshop is acclaimed as one of the most modern and best equipped


engine repair and overhaul facilities
in the region. Spread over an area of 9,072 square meters, the workshop offers high-class
plating facilities; both manual, as well as robotic plasma flame spray. The Engine
Overhaul Workshop also includes a heat treatment shop with a vacuum heat treatment
facility.
An independent machine shop, attached to the Engine Overhaul Workshop, is equipped

with several precision machines used for the repair and modification of engine
components during the overhaul process.
A key feature of the Engine Overhaul Workshop is the jet engine test facility, designed
to test aero engines up to a maximum capacity of 100,000 lbs thrust, airflow of 3,000
lbs/sec and an engine weight of 15,000 lbs.
The test cell has recently been upgraded with a cutting-edge test cell data acquisition
system, the ASE2000. The ASE2000 can be used to accommodate all FADEC/EEC
powered engines.
4) Engine Condition Monitoring

PIA Engineering develops and maintains engine reliability and engine oil analysis
programs for the engines and APUs shown in the table above. 24/7 support services are
also provided for operators in any geographical location.
5) Maintenance & Operations Control (MOC)

The Maintenance & Operations Control Division offers comprehensive planning, materials,
repairs, and logistics services to the highest international standards. The MOC Division is
powered by fully-integrated computer systems to ensure efficient scheduling,
administration, monitoring and control of maintenance activities, as well as cost-effective
management of spares, equipment and resources.
Engineering Automation provides information system solutions to all divisions enabling
functional integration, resource optimization and technical reliability improvements. Being
in a standardized technical environment and using common a information architecture
based on IBM SNA, this shared network approach has resulted in enhanced user systems
to improve fleet dispatch reliability performance. In addition, the division conducts time
and motion studies to develop consolidated man-hour plans for all the sections of the PIA
Engineering Complex, ensuring optimal utilization of human resources during critical
projects.
MOC coordinates core departments and external handling agencies to ensure prompt
aircraft turnaround times with minimum technical delays, using the latest, state-of-the-art
systems. MOC plays a pivotal role in aircraft on-ground situations that require skilled and
dynamic responses. MOC provides support around the clock, with dedicated engineering
personnel who liaise closely with operational departments and flight crews to ensure that
operations run smoothly, and to minimize the impact of unscheduled maintenance and
technical delays.


The team of specialists is
committed to providing the highest levels of support and services:
• Maximum fleet availability and serviceability via the production of long and short term
maintenance plans
• Optimum scheduling and availability of an entire aircraft's inventory
• Development of Engineering Management Software solutions to manage the diverse needs

of our customers
• Conducting time and motion studies in the aviation sector to develop man-hour plans to
ensure optimal utilization of human resources
• Conducting On Job Training (OJT) on approved aircraft types, engines and systems
6) Avionics Overhaul
PIA's Overhaul Shops offer repair, overhaul modification, testing, and calibration of a
range of mechanical, electrical and electronic aircraft components and accessories for
Boeing 737, 747 Airbus A300B4, A310, and F-27, including:
• Analog and Digital Instrumentation
• Electrical, Hydraulic and Pneumatic System Components
• Fuel Measuring and Engine Accessory Components
• `Cabin Furnishing and Passenger Entertainment Units
• Oxygen and Safety Equipment
Avionics Shops are well equipped with the latest testing and overhauling facilities, such as
Automated Test Equipment ATEC 6000, ATEC 4000 and the IRS Tester.
The shops provide maintenance support for the following:
• Electrical Power Generation and Control Systems Equipment

• Anti Skid Control Systems Components
• Aircraft Information Management System Components
• Aircraft Batteries
• Aircraft Environment Control System Equipment
• Galley Equipment such as Fridges, Boilers and Ovens
• Interior and Exterior Lighting System Components
• Aircraft Engine Ignition, Engine Vibration Monitoring System Components
• Fuel Control Valves and Fuel Boost Pumps

• Communication System Components (VHF and UHF)
• Instrument Landing System Components
• Navigation System Components and Autopilot System
• GPWS (Ground Proximity Warning Systems) Components
• LRRA (Low Range Radio Altimeter), DME/ATC Transponder System Components
• Flight Management Computer and Related Components


• Audio Entertainment Systems
• Weather Radar Systems
• Aircraft Pressurizing Components
• Quantity, Temperature and Pressure Transmitters and Indicators
• Fuel Quantity Computers
• Crew Breathing/Oxygen System Components
Our Accessories Overhaul Shops are equipped with modern testing equipment such as
test stands from GREER, Bäur of USA, and Vickers System of West Germany for testing
hydraulic components. The shops provide support in the following areas:
• Complete overhaul and repair of landing gears of Airbus A300, A310, B737, F-27 Aircraft
• Capability and expertise in wheel and brake overhauling for B777, 747, 737 & AIRBUS
A300B4/A310 Aircraft
• Entire range of hydraulic, fuel, oil and miscellaneous systems (mechanical) components
ranging from a check valve to the most sophisticated equipment installed on A-310, A300,
B747, B737-300 and F-27 aircraft
• Repair and overhaul of engine fuel accessories such as the MEC for CF6 engine, CIT
Sensors, etc.
• Steering components
• Repair, overhaul and testing of APU fuel components
• Repair and overhaul of mechanical, hydrometric and electrical propellers, constant speed
units, pitch control units, bleed valve, anti-ice valve, water system components of entire
PIA fleet and other propeller accessories.
7) Cabin Services
At the PIA Engineering Complex, we are committed to defect-free cabins and the spotless
appearance of your aircraft. We repair, replace, overhaul, modify and test:
• Cabin and Crew Seats
• Survival Equipment
• Galley
• Upholstery
In order to maintain our commitment to world-class quality, the PIA Engineering Complex
has created a separate division specifically geared to the satisfaction of the modern
traveler. This division has been split into three parts to support customer amenity items
during short transit checks and long duration heavy "D" and "C" checks.
8) Aircraft Furnishing
The aircraft furnishing section, located in the Ispahani Hangar, is responsible for customer
amenity items that are refurbished during heavy aircraft checks. A large workforce
comprised of dedicated, well trained engineers and technicians, are responsible for
planning and executing activities that ensure that all customer amenity items are
maintained in a top of the line condition.


Full-fledged back shop support
consists of a seat shop where all the seats installed on the PIA fleet are maintained,
including the cockpit seats of the B-777, B-747-200/300, A-310, A-
300, B-737 and the F-27. The aircraft furnishing section also maintains safety items,
including life rafts and individual floatation devices on board the aircraft. A plastic repair
shop also operates under the management of this section to ensure that plastic repairs are
done in-house and that costly turn around times for amenity items are avoided.
Capabilities and Services:
• Complete cabin refurbishment of all types of aircraft

• Overhaul of flight safety equipment installed on the PIA fleet
• Stripping and repainting of interiors and exteriors of aircraft
• Overhaul of passenger and crew seats, galleys and toilets of aircraft such as Boeing 747-
300, Boeing 747-200, Boeing 777-200, Boeing 737-300, Airbus A300B4, Airbus A300B2 and
Airbus A310-300
• Fabrication of galleys for F-27
9) Aircraft Appearance
Operating under the Line Maintenance division, this section maintains the upkeep and
outlook of aircraft exterior and ensures that cabins are always presentable. Dedicated and
trained aircraft engineers and technicians, working round-the-clock in three shifts, ensure
that amenity items which may be handled in a transit check are taken care of.
• Complete cabin items coverage of transit checks for the B-747-200/300, B-777, B-737, A-
310, A300 and the F-27
• Small exterior painting jobs
• Installation and removal of seat covers
• Installation and fabrication of toilets
• Maintenance of safety items
10) In Flight Entertainment

The In Fight Entertainment (IFE) system is one of the most crucial systems as far as the
brand equity of an airline is concerned, since it directly impacts a passengers' comfort
during long haul flights. The maintenance of these systems is becoming extremely critical
as airlines strive to up the ante in order to maintain a competitive edge in the passenger
transport business.
Video On Demand, Internet Access, Satellite Telephony, Interactive Games and In Flight
Telephony are the value-added services that airlines are adding to their regular offering of

Music and Movies on passenger
seats. However this has resulted in IFE systems becoming complex and more expensive
to maintain.

The PIA Engineering Complex has a dedicated team of avionics engineers and technicians
who are responsible for installations, modifications, and maintenance of the
Matsushita/Panasonic MAS-2000E and MAS-3000 E/I systems. This team works in
conjunction with the Base Maintenance teams to ensure that IFE installations and
modifications are dealt with during major checks, along with the rest of the modifications,
service bulletins and airworthiness directives due on an aircraft. As a result, a PIA
Engineering customer gets a comprehensive and economical package deal, as well as a
reduction in maintenance time, especially if all these activities were undertaken
separately.
PIA Engineering undertakes full IFE checks and minor seat rectification during transit
checks in conjunction with the Line Maintenance teams. Aircraft engineers and
technicians can undertake full seat electronics box removals, installations and data
loading in very short time spans, ensuring that all onboard passengers have an enjoyable
flight. The team ensures that operators' transit and turn around checks do not exceed their
time limitations. PIA Engineering also has the capability to undertake transit checks for
the B-747-200/300, B-777, B-737, A-310 and A300B4 under EASA Part-145 and CAA,
Pakistan at its base in Karachi, which is a major regional hub.
11) Quality Systems

At PIA Engineering, quality is at the heart of everything we do and our commitment to
quality empowers us to anticipate our customers' needs. We deliver airworthy aircraft and
aircraft components, ensuring the quality of products through our Audit and Reliability
programs, in addition to our strong base of Quality Control.
Prior to 2001, the PIA Engineering Complex operated via approvals from FAA (USA) and
CAA (UK). PIA Engineering offered maintenance services and engineering assistance to
foreign airlines, including Emirates Airlines, Singapore Airlines, Libyan Airlines, and Iran
Air. The PIA Engineering Complex is also a Civil Aviation Authority - Pakistan Approved
Maintenance Organization (MRO).
In 2001, the Management of PIA Engineering applied for Part-145 Maintenance
Organization Approval, granted by the European Aviation Safety Agency EASA.
Maintenance facilities were upgraded in their entirety, and the landscape of the
Engineering Complex was altered with the addition of the Quality Audit section, set up to
conduct internal audits. After the initial audits conducted by the French Regulatory
Authority GSAC on behalf of European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) in February 2004,
the PIA Engineering Complex was awarded with Maintenance Organization Approval from
EASA. The PIA Engineering Complex is an EASA (European Aviation Safety agency)
Approved Maintenance Organization (MRO), with the Approval Number: EASA.145.0004.
An audit program supported by computer software has been established to ensure
compliance with airworthiness requirements. This software helps to monitor the audit

program and can also be used to
record and control other aspects of the quality management program such as training,
staff distribution and personal licensing.
The PIA Engineering Complex is an EASA (European Aviation Safety Agency) and a Civil
Aviation Authority - Pakistan Approved Maintenance Organization (MRO). Both the bodies
also conduct annual audits of PIA Engineering to ensure that a safe and quality conscious
organization is serving the airline industry. PIA is also a member of the IATA
Organizational Safety Agency (IOSA), which also conducts regular audits of the PIA
Engineering Complex.
Quality Systems is responsible for a number of activities which include:
• Monitoring maintenance activities through an approved audit program

• Personal authorization control and management
• Conducting technical investigations
• Acting as a liaison between airworthiness authorities
• Inspection of incoming aircraft materials and parts
• Aircraft weighing
• Monitoring aircraft systems performance and troubleshooting
• Structural repairs recording, analysis and solution provision
• Technical records administration and control
Quality Systems also deploys state-of-the-art Non Destructive Testing (NDT) facilities.
Techniques such as industrial radiography, ultrasonic crack detection, Eddy Current
inspection, radio-isotope and gamma-ray techniques for detecting cracks and
irregularities in hidden and inaccessible parts of jet engines and airframe structures are
employed. Our inspectors are qualified in accordance with EN4179 to Level II standard.
The Avionics Overhaul section also offers a Spectrograph Laboratory which has a high
precision computerized spectrometer for conducting oil analysis to monitor the condition
of engines, thereby contributing to flight safety. The equipment is capable of analyzing oil
samples from approximately 200 engines, daily. The addition of a Plasma Spectrometer
enables the facility to analyze engine oils to a finer degree of up to 0.01 ppm.
With all these services, Quality Systems provides an operator full support and coverage
of aviation maintenance services covered by regulatory authorities.
12) Development Engineering Division

Development Engineers are experts in the evaluation, recommendation, specification and
negotiation of aircraft acquisitions. The team monitors projects from inception, through
the inspections phase from aircraft assembly, to delivery and acceptance.


Our highly-trained team of specialists
are devoted to providing the best support for:
• Evaluating and providing recommendations for Service Bulletins and Airworthiness
Directives for aircraft and components
• Preparation of Work Scopes and the production of Maintenance Task Operating Plans,
Maintenance Task Cards, Job Instruction Cards and Work Packages
• Planning implementations of retrofit programs
• Engine condition monitoring and advice for engine removal/installation for optimum life
• APU health monitoring
• In-house modification developments and implementation in all areas of an aircraft,
including cabin, airframe, avionics and engines
• Maintaining knowledge libraries within PIA Engineering, ensuring that maintenance staff
have access to relevant, up-to-date material and information.
13) Flight Simulator Training

The history of PIA's flight simulators dates back to the inception of the airline. Extremely
effective for flight crew training, PIA's B707 flight simulator has been used by a number of
regional airlines. Until the turn of the century, Air Malta, Alyemda, CAAC, Egypt Air, East
African Airlines, Iran Air, Iraq Air, Libyan Air, JAT, Tarom, Saudia, Alia and Pakistan Air
Force have utilized PIA's flight simulators for the training of their pilots and crew.
PIA Engineering maintains A310, B747, B743 Flight Simulators for in-house flight crew
training and other operators and airlines can also schedule training sessions. The Civil
Aviation Authority of Pakistan has approved PIA's flight simulators for use in pilot
training, and the following services are offered:
• Transition training
• Recurrent training
• Customized training
PIA's simulators can be booked along with PIA's Flight Training Instructors but customers
can choose to use their own instructors as well.
PIA-Health, Safety, Environment &

Quality Policy
In PIA, all employees are committed to providing distinctive air transport services
and satisfying global needs and expectations of our customers through continual
improvement of:


• Quality of our services and processes
with a view to enhancing customer satisfaction and loyalty.
• Occupational health and safety of all personnel, aircraft, equipment and facilities.
• Environment quality, prevention of pollution, energy and resource conservation, reduction
of waste
and adoption of environment friendly practices.
Social Services
 Training and Education
PIA Training Center
The PIA Training Center is a leading airline training institution that delivers the highest
standards of aviation instruction. The Training Center is built around a highly advanced
training infrastructure, approved by local and international regulatory authorities such as
CAA, ICAO, and IATA. The PIA Training Center's courses are based on a unique,
standards-based curriculum designed to impart knowledge and best practices in all the
aspects of the airline industry. The PIA Training Center provides quality training to PIA's
pilots, engineers, air hostesses, and to employees of other associated PIA divisions.
PIA Industrial Training Institute

The PIA Industrial Training Institute was established in 1986 to provide technical,
vocational, and industrial knowledge to the families of PIA's employees. With the
sustained support of top-level management at PIA, the Institute has functioned smoothly
for over two decades, and has emerged as a leading industrial training center in the
region. The Institute imparts industry knowledge, and specialized training courses in arts
and crafts to the families of employees for a very nominal fee, empowering them to earn
livelihoods and gain respect in their communities.
 Medical Services
PIA Employee Health and Medical Services
The health and welfare of our employees has always been a matter of utmost importance
and significance at PIA. All employees are provided with a comprehensive medical
package, in collaboration with reputable hospitals, diagnostic labs, and medical
institutions. In 1959, PIA established a Medical Division to supply wide-ranging medical
coverage to active and retired employees. To ensure that the highest standards of aviation
are maintained, a Crew Center periodically carries out air crew checks, in conformity with
international and Civil Aviation Authority standards.
PIA's medical facilities cover the parents and spouses of serving employees, children up
to the age of 27, unmarried daughters, and disabled, mentally challenged children of any

age. Retired employees and their
spouses are also eligible for medical care at PIA's Medical Centers. In addition to coverage
in Pakistan's major cities, PIA has extended its medical network to 35 smaller stations, in
collaboration with private and public sector hospitals. PIA also looks after its overseas
employees under the Local National Health Scheme and Insurance Schemes.
 Safety
Flight Safety and HSE
The PIA Flight Safety & Health Saftey and Envriornment (HSE) Directorate ensures a safe
and hazard-free environment in the workplace and on board PIA aircraft. The Directorate is
also responsible for minimizing the effects of accidents and incidents by implementing
safety programs.
IATA Operational Safety Registration Award
PIA has been certified by the IATA Operational Safety Audit (IOSA) for conforming to the
highest standards of safety. The IOSA Certificate is an all-encompassing safety audit which
reviews facilities such as engineering, flight operations, medical and equipment
maintenence, operational efficiency, safety of planes, and emergency response
procedures. PIA is proud to have been cleared by the vigorous standards of IOSA, having
demonstrated adaptability to change, and the ability to refine and implement requirements
and procedures ensuring operational safety and efficiency.
Fire Safety in the Workplace and at Home
PIA has made a number of arrangements to handle incidental fires and allied hazards. First
Aid Fire Stations have been set up in Karachi, Lahore and Islamabad, and Fixed Fire
Protection Systems have been installed at sensitive premises. PIA's locations are equipped
with portable fire extinguishers and a range of other fire safety devices. All the installed
equipment is inspected regularly and maintained in accordance with international
standards.
Fire Safety Courses are conducted regularly to equip employees with fire fighting skills and
to impart critical knowledge of preventive measures. Fire Prevention Courses are also
conducted at the Staff Township and PIA Model Schools so that employees and their
families can take appropriate fire prevention measures at home.
PIA's Flight Safety and HSE Department also actively engages in advocacy sessions to
create awareness through print publications, the media and the sharing of experiences.
Working in collaboration with the Fire Protection Association of Pakistan, PIA is committed
to creating and
promoting a culture of safety at a nation-wide level. The department's future plans include
running fortnightly fire and safety awareness sessions at government and private schools.


 Emergency Response
Planning
Passenger care is an airline's most crucial responsibility. Acknowledging the significance
of Emergency Response Planning (ERP), PIA has set up a discrete section to handle
emergencies. The Emergency Response Planning Section has developed an Emergency
Response Manual and manages Emergency Response Center Teams, Field Teams, Family
Assistance and Support Teams, and Volunteers. The ERP Section will also train volunteers
in the areas of aircraft emergencies, rescue, basic first aid, and fire fighting to effectively
respond to natural disasters.
Emergency Response Facilities, currently under development, will include the
computerized data storage of teams and volunteers with an automated emergency call out
system. The software application will also provide a technology supported callback system
for contacting families of the affected.
PIA’s Emergency Response Planning Section hopes to contribute meaningfully towards
national capacity building in the area of emergency management, through financial and
human resource investments.
PIA FLEET
PIA's fleet of modern aircraft is spacious, comfortable, and designed to get you to your
destination safely. PIA operates a range of advanced aircraft, ranging from the world's preferred
Boeing 777 airplane to the super-quiet Airbus A-310.
PIA's fleet includes:

BOEING 777
The Boeing 777 family comprises of long-range, wide-body airplanes with twin-engines. It is the
first commercial aircraft designed entirely on a computer. PIA presently, is the only airline in the
world to operate all the three variants of the 777 family : 777-200LR, 777-200ER and 777-300 , all of
whom are well loved by PIA's seasoned travellers for their spaciousness and comfort. PIA also
holds the privilege of being the launch customer for 777-200LR, one of which has set the record
for the longest commercial jet flight in aviation history.


Boeing 747-300 and
Boeing 747-200 (Combi)
The Boeing 747, often referred to as a Jumbo Jet, is amongst the world's most iconic and
recognizable jet airplanes. Produced by Boeing's Commercial Airplane division, the 4 engine
airplane uses a two-deck configuration. The 747 typically offers a layout accommodating between
400 to 450 passengers, depending on the configuration.
Boeing 737-300
The Boeing 737 is arguably the world's favorite narrow-body jet airplane. Amongst its many
credits, it has the distinction of being the most ordered and produced commercial airplane of all
time and Boeing continues to manufacture it, to date. Given the number of 737s in active use, it is
estimated that on average, one Boeing 737 takes off every 5 seconds, somewhere in the world.
Airbus A-310
The Airbus A-310, a medium to long range wide-body airplane is derived from the Airbus A-300
and is manufactured by Airbus Industries. The A-310s are medium capacity long range aircraft,
mostly for our european routes, offering comfortable seating.

IN-FLIGHT ENTERTAINMENT
Aboard a PIA flight, there is so much to do that you really won't feel like landing. Movies, Music,
Games, Duty-Free Shopping, Tourist Information, Maps, and Real-Time Flight Information will
keep you entertained for hours.
Grab a drink, put on your headphones, switch on your personal screen, and enjoy the show. PIA's
selection of movies and shows include popular entertainment genres such as English Features,
English Dramas and Sitcoms, Documentaries, Sports, Specials Content for Kids, Religious
Shows, Lifestyle Shows, Punjabi Feature Films, and Musical Videos and Shows.
See What's On This Month
Celebrate your love of music with PIA's large and diverse selection. Tune into over a dozen
channels depending on your mood and interests. Relax with Nice & Easy, or groove to the latest
Chart Toppers. Swing to the sounds of Jazz Streams or sing along with Ghazals & Geets. We've
also got a great mix of PIA Pop Songs and Instrumentals, New Age, Timeless Classical, Semi
Classical, Broadway Bound, Country & Western, Qavvali, Hamd & Naat, and Quranic Verses, and
lots of great audio content for kids, with PIA Children's Time.
PIA's menu of addictive and challenging games will make the hours whizz by. We've got arcade-
style games, card games, strategy games, and crosswords to keep you entertained and help you
unwind.

Flight Kitchens
PIA runs two modern, well-equipped Flight Kitchens in Karachi and Islamabad that serve culinary
delights ranging from delicious Pakistani delicacies to tempting Western cuisines to more than
15,000 passengers everyday, traveling on domestic and international flights. In addition to serving
sumptuous food, PIA Flight Kitchens also cater to VVIP flights and Chartered flights for top
government officials and foreign delegates. Special meals which are customized according to the
passengers’ requirements like Diabetic Meal, Vegetarian Meal, Low Cholesterol Meal and Baby
Meals are also offered to our passengers upon request.
The kitchens are supported by strong production and operation teams including expatriate chefs
who have a diverse experience in international cuisines. The chefs have undergone overseas
training to further hone their skills. Several of PIA’s top chefs have also been posted to overseas
flight kitchens to share their expertise in cooking skills .
Infact, since February 2006, the management control of the Karachi Flight Kitchen has been given
to Singapore Air Terminal Services (SATS), a leading premier company in ground and cargo
operations , and inflight catering, to further enhance the quality of food on board the flights.
Accordingly, SATS has initiated an extensive renovation of the Karachi Flight Kitchen to upgrade
its infrastructure and are establishing extremely stringent quality control standards that shall
ensure the highest quality and hygiene levels. It is in the process of obtaining the HACCP
Certification too, which is an international certificate on food hygiene.
The two Flight Kitchens are also equipped with food testing microbiological laboratories which
conduct stringent daily microbiological tests to ensure that food produced is safe, nutritious and
palatable. All the other related processes like Inventory Control, Menu Planning, Portion Control,
Cost Calculations, and Management Information Systems are managed through cutting-edge
technology and modern business practices.

Ground Handling of Aircrafts

Ground handling at an airport is amongst the most complex and time-critical processes in the
aviation industry. Even moments of delay in a single activity can cause major problems, leading to
a substantial waste of resources and delays to the entire system. Backed by decades of
operational experience, PIA offers premium ground handling services to customers.
PIA's ground handling services include:
• Passenger Handling
• Ramp Handling
• Cargo Handling
• Flight Operations
• Catering Services
• Technical Handling
• Executive Jets Handling
• Line Maintenance
• Charters Handling
PIA is the largest provider of ground handling services in Pakistan, with a first-class record of
reliability. Our engineering base provides a comprehensive set of facilities for the B747, A300,
A310, B737, F27, and Twin Otter aircraft, backed by hundreds of qualified aircraft and flight
engineers. If your ground handling requirements fall within the domain of IATA SGHA, you can
rely on PIA to take care of your needs.
GLOSSARY OF EQUIPMENTS USED IN AN

AIRCRAFT


• COCKPIT VOICE
RECORDER (CVR) It is used to record the voice data and
observation during the flight. It saves the recording of last 30
minutes. Commonly known as black box.
• INERTIAL NAVIGATION SYSTEM (INS): A typical inertial

navigation system uses a combination of roll, pitch and azimuth
gyroscopes, to stabilize the X, Y, Z accelerometers to solve a
large set of differential equations in order to convert these
readings into estimates of velocity, position& altitude, starting
off from a known position of latitude and longitude.
• ALTIMETER: An altimeter is an active instrument used to

measure the altitude of an object with respect to its ground
position.
• GYROSCOPE: A gyroscope is a device for measuring or

marinating orientation, based on the principle of conservation of
angular momentum.
• TELECOMUNICATION COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM

(TCAS): A modern system introduced to avoid traffic collisions
between the aircrafts during flight.
• DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT(DME): It is

Equipment used to measure the height of aircraft with respect to
the ground position.
• THROTLE: It is used to accelerate the engine.


• EMERGENCY ESCAPE
DECENT DEVICE It is a feature of latest aircrafts, used to
come out of aircraft at the time of emergency.
• APU: Functions as secondary power unit to power the aircraft.
• RADR: Aircraft is turned through radr.
• COCKPIT LEVERS: These are used to produce power thrust

in order to accelerate engine.
• Satellite Communication system: Capables a passenger to

communicate with the external world during the flight.
• HYDRAULIC POWER GENERATOR It generates hydraulic

pressure (3000 psi approx :) used to rotate the control wheels.
• VERY HIGH FREQUENCY (VHF): Used in data transmition

between sender and receiver, ranging from 30-300MHZ.
• HIGH FREQUENCY (H.F): Used in long range communication

between sender and receiver, ranging from 3-30MHZ.
• INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM (ILS ): It is an instrument

approach system which provides precise guidance to an aircraft
Approaching a run way, it also provides guidance about the
Runway surface.


• AUTO PILOT: An auto
pilot is a mechanical cum electrical system used to control the
aircraft without having assistance of pilot.
• GROUND PROXIMITY WARNING SYSTEM (GPWS): It is a

system designed to alert pilots at the time when their aircraft is
in immediate danger of hitting the ground.
• WEATHER RADAR: Weather radars are pulsed radars. The

microwave generators are usually magnetron or klystron with
wavelength of 1-10 cm.The wave is transmitted through wave
guide toward a parabolic antenna.
PIA AT PRESENT
• TOTAL FLEET : 43
• OPERATIONAL FLEET: 72.5%
• DESTINATIONS CLOSED: 9 stations
• WORK FORCE: 18043 total employees
• FEMALE WORKFORCE: 10%
• EMPLOYEES RATIO: 582 per aircraft
• H.R BUDGET: 16% of total operating cost
• FINANCIAL POSITION (REPORTED LOSSES)

1. Rs 13.4 billion as of december 2008
2. Rs 5.5 billion as of first quarter 2009
3. Rs 42.4 billion accumulated loss as of march
31,2008

4. Rs
15.5 billion recurring debt servicing
FUTURE PLANS OF PIA

• Proposed fleet -53 Aircrafts.
• 100% operational fleet.
• Resumption of Amsterdam flight.
• New destination; e.g. Bradford.
• Female workforce to be enhanced.
• Employee ratio340 per Aircraft.
• H.R budget to be increased by 1% every second year.
• Break even by 2010.
• Re-defined job description/re-appropriation of man
power at foreign stations.
• PIA to offer man power expertise for the growing
aviation market of the Middle –East.

• Adherence to business
ethics & zero tolerance towards corruption.
• Proactive marketing plan & decision making.
• Improved reservation system.
• International web-ticketing service.
• Customer satisfaction to be prioritized.
• New cargo products.
• Pyramid style organization.
COMMENTS AND SUGGESTIONS

My one month internship experience led me in sharing following views
about the Finance department, PIA.
• Proper training classes should be entertained for the internees desirous

for internship, provided with stipend and lunch facilities during their
internship period.
• There must be organized a tough inspection of each section of

engineering and Finance dept: where maintenance and repair is done, so
as to assure the quality and effective maintenance and repair of individual
equipment to be assembled in the Aircraft, as it is a matter of customer’s
safety.
• Old and obsolete equipments and other machinery should be scraped or

removed off with their Manuals so as to be replaced by the newer ones.
E.g. (Banned Fokker aircraft equipments).
• There should be entertained applications regarding official visits for the

candidates applying from any University in Pakistan.
• A corporation for its proper development and achievement of its goals

requires setting up in it, a congenial and a cordial environment between the
employees so that they may work honestly and truly.
• High remuneration, praise, benefits, free traveling, medical facility and

other allowances should be awarded to the employees, based on the
performance, efficiency and dedication to their work.
• There should be maximally 8 hours allocated for work for an employee so

that he may work dedicatedly faster and efficient.
• There should be set up such a congenial environment between the

employees where employees may share their mutual talent & help each
other as far as their technical expertises are concerned.
Saleem Ahmed

Internship Report Pakistan International Air Line

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A REPORT WRITING ON FINANCE DEPARTMENT:PIA

FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION

Dated: July-20-09 SALEEM AHMED

Report writing by Saleem Ahmed

FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION

3. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES 5

4. PIA ENGINEERING COMPLEX 6-15

5. PIA HEALTH SAFETY & QUALITY POLICY 16-18

6. PIA FLEET 19-20

7. PIA IN-FLIGHT ENTERTAINMENT 21

10. GLOSSARY OF EQUIPMENT USED IN AN AIRCRAFT 24-26

11. PIA AT PRESENT 27

Report writing by Saleem Ahmed

FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION

PIA is driven by the highest standards of corporate governance and

PIA has institutionalized the practice of good governance by

Report writing by Saleem Ahmed

FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION

Report writing by Saleem Ahmed

FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION

AIMS & OBJECTIVES

As a leading corporation, headquartered in Karachi,

Report writing by Saleem Ahmed

FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION

PIA’s large and diverse scope of maintenance include services of following

Technical Excellence, Competitive Rates, Proven Ability

Report writing by Saleem Ahmed

FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION

PIA Engineering - Areas and Services

Dept: offer Base Maintenance services in the following areas:

Report writing by Saleem Ahmed

FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION

3) Power Plant and Overhaul

Report writing by Saleem Ahmed

FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION

An independent machine shop, attached to the Engine Overhaul Workshop, is equipped

4) Engine Condition Monitoring

5) Maintenance & Operations Control (MOC)

Report writing by Saleem Ahmed

FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION

• Development of Engineering Management Software solutions to manage the diverse needs

The shops provide maintenance support for the following:

• Electrical Power Generation and Control Systems Equipment

• Fuel Control Valves and Fuel Boost Pumps

Report writing by Saleem Ahmed

FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION

• Crew Breathing/Oxygen System Components

Report writing by Saleem Ahmed

FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION

Capabilities and Services:

• Complete cabin refurbishment of all types of aircraft

Capabilities and Services:

10) In Flight Entertainment

FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION

Capabilities and Services:

11) Quality Systems

FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION

Quality Systems is responsible for a number of activities which include:

• Monitoring maintenance activities through an approved audit program

12) Development Engineering Division

Report writing by Saleem Ahmed

FINANCE GROUP OF EVOLUTION