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Uc- fronbaya cMeci v3 TeMnepbi MACTAHBX KDaCoK, OH OBH- Bach TaKOMA TeKcTypbI, KOTOPaR NpOvIaBOAMNA HEOBEIalANO cyrrecimeHoe sosaericreve. ¥ PeMBpavara user craHoBurca arepuannz0saHHoli cBeTosOi aHeprvel, nono KanpA >XeHIAR, a SUCTBI LIBeT CBETHTCR HarnoROBHe Toro, Kak CBep- kalor AparoueHlbie Kal 13 TemHOTeI CBO OnpaB, Bnb [exo u PemGpaHnr asonsr Hac B caMbilt UeHTP UBe- ToBsix npobnew GapoKKo. B NpenenbHO Har|pAXEHHOH KOM osviuinn GapouHoii apxmTextyps! NpoCTpaHcTBO CTOMTCA PUTMUNECKH AVHaMINHHO. STO TeHReHUMN NORNMHEH 4 User. OW Tepper cao npenMeTHyIn 3HasMMocTs M CTaHO- tinrca aBcrpakribim cpegcTBoM UseTOBOrO puTMHaMpoRa- ita npoctpaticrsa W 8 KOHeYHOM cHeTe McnonbayeTca Ania unnosopxoro yrnyéneHna npoctparicrea. PaGorel BeHcKorO xygoxtika MayneGepra (1724-1796) orvernueo eMoH “cTpupytoT Bapousible npHHUMNEs paBorbs c YBeTON. B xeon 3noxn aMniipa w KnacchuvaMa UBeTOBLIe PeWeHHA B CyUIHOCTH OrpaHVMVieannce Ucnonb30BaKMEM YepHoro, Genoro m1 ceporo ypera, KoTopsie yMepeHHoOxHBNANlce HECKONGKHMM XPOMATHHECKHANA YBeTaMH. Pe~ aMMCTA4eCK MOROGHAR, ChepxaHHaR XMBONACE 3THX CTH nei Bosna BbITeCHeHa poMalTH3MoM. Havano poManTHHec- koro HanpaBneHiia B KMBONMCH CTOXxAECTENRETCA C TBOPYE- creom aHrniiicknx xvBONACueR, C MMeHaMA TepHepa (1775-1851) Koncre6ns (1776-1837). B fepwanuu ca- Mein KPYTHBIMM NDeACTaBMTeNsMl PoMaHTHaMa Osim Ka- cnap flasnn Opuapux (1774-1840) w unin Orto Pyn- re (1777-1810). XyoxHnku 3Toro HanpasneHiA vcnons- 30810 LIBET NPEXNE BCeTO KAK CpeACTEO IMOLNONANHOTO oaqeiicTBMA, CnOCOBHOe nepenaTe «HacTpoeHne> nea >x2. B kapTuniax KOHCTe6na, HanpMMep, Het omHOponHOTO 3eneHoro U8eTa, NOcKonbKy OH CoaqiaBaN ero M8 Mentualt nx nocreneHHbx Nepexojos oT cReTnoro k TeMHOMy, OT xonopHoro K TennOMy, oT Breknoro k sincToMy. B peaynsrare peToRbie NoREPXHOCTH NpoH3BOAMNM BrevaTneHWe KHBbIX WTanHcTBenHiIX, Teprep cosfian Heckonbko GecnpeaMer- ix UBeTOBSIX KOMMOSHUYAT, KOTOPbIE NOSBONRIOT CaUTaTe ero nepBLiM «aBcTPAkUAOKCTOM» CpenN eBponeiicKMx xy- ROKHAKOB, Aenaxpya (1798~1863), 6ynyun B lonnoHe, sven npo- vapenenie KonicreGna u Téptepa, yperoBoe peluieHne KOTO ix poviaseno Ha Hero HaCTonbko rmy6oKoe BnevaTneHe, ‘ro no Bosepaenvin & Mapi0k oH Mepentican HeKOTOpHIe Bo paGor! 8 TOM >ke syxe, W3TO NpoUBBENO CeHCaUWNO B Rapwxckom Canove 1820 roga. NpoGnemamn ypera 4 ero 3akoHaMi Jleniakpya aKTMBHo 33HMIMaNICA BCI CBOIO XH3Hb. Moxxo Teepgo cka3atb, 40 k Haany AessTHamLaTorO ‘Cronemis user, ero Aevicrene M CyLIHOCTS crann BOs6Y>kAaTe Bceobuait wurTepec. B 1810 rogy Dununn Orro Pyrre Ony6nakopan caoe yueHne 0 sere, Mcnonbaya UBeTOROI Wap 6 kavectBe KOOPAMHNpy.OULelt CACTEMBI. B TOM Ke 1810 rony Guin Hanevaran w masntil tpya Tere o YseTe, a8 1816 ropy nossunca Tpakrar Wionenrayapa «3pexie 1 uber». Xuma 4 AMpeKTOp napwnxcKor cpaOpuKn robeneHos M.Weepens (1786-1889) vanan 6 1839 rony cao pa6o- TY #0 aaKoHe crmynbraHHoro KOHTpacTa 4BeTOR Ho BEIGOpE OkpawenHeix npeaMeTOB». Stor Tpya nocnykiin Hay4HoHi ScHOBOM HNInpECCHORNCTHHECKO! M HeOHMpeCcHOMHcTA ecko xvponcn, Bnarogapa ry6oKomy wayverinio npHposel manpeccHo- WcTbi npMUIMi K COBEPUIEHHO HOBO! cucTeMe nepenauin sera. Mayvenite coniesHoro cera, usMeHsiouero ectect- Bennie sera npenMeroa, a TakxKe cBeTa 6 aTMoCeepe Npuponworo oKpyKeHiia OBoraTHno xyBOxHMAKOB-MMNpEC- CHOHNCTOS HoBbIMn Hay4HbiMn aHaHinaMA. MOHE (1840-1926) crone ao6pocoBectHo wayvan 3TH sineHiR, STO BbIHypKReH Goin MeHRTs NONOTHO Kaxmil Hac, 4TOBL Saxbakcv)posar MeHaIoUIMeCA UBeTOBEIe pem>neKcbi Nevi3a~ >xa Ui npaBRHeO NepenaTe ABKeHMe CONHLIa M CooTBETCTBY- roumve HaMeHenia conHesHoro caera u ero oT6neckos. Hav Gonee nonlioe npenctasnenne 06 sToM meTone Ma\oT ero «Cobopem, HaxoRAuMeca 8 Napixe. HeommanpeccHoHicrei pas6vunn useTosble nosepxHOCTA a oTenbibie UseTossIe ToxK. OHM yTBepKAAMM, MTO KaK- oe nvirmeHTHoe cMewnBarwe yHHuTOxaeT clny UBeTa ‘Toukn HiAcTOro UBeTa AOMKHE CMeWMBATECR ToMbKO B ra3ax spnrens. Kira LLlespena «Haya 0 tsere» oxasara HM HeO- UeHHMyIo NOMOUIs & paMbiUlneHAsx 0 pasnoxeHHa UBeTa, Orrankwpance of gocTinKeHnit munpeccnonnaMa, Ce sant (1839-1906) norveckn npvwen k cB0e HOBO CH ‘cTewe useTosoro nocrpoeHis KapTiH. OH XoTen cnenaTb M3 mwmnpeccnonnama HeHTo «conAgHoe», 470 sROMKHO Bio coctasvTs ocHoBy UBeTOBLIK W cbopMantHbix 3aKCHOMEPHO- cred ero Kapri. PaccunToieas npvitTy x HOBLIM puTMNeC: Kum v PopManbHti NocTpoeHinaM, CesaHH NpuMeHiAn pas: paGoTanril nyaHTanvcrawa MeToR pasneneHr ANA Wee ToROA MopyasUNA BCer NoBepxHOCTH KApTHN. [lon Monyns- Uvtelt users oF noHMMan ero NepexoRbs OF xoNOAHOTO K Ten- TOMY, OT CBeTAOFO K TeMHOMY Muni OF TyCK:OrO (FMyxOrO) K ceeTaujemycn. Floauniaa sTOMy npaHUMNy peweHNe BCE nockocta KapTMel, OH AOcTHFAN Wx HOBOTO 3ByAHH, Brevarnaioulero cBOeM xHSHEHHOCTHIO. Tnunait v PeMGpaxar npwGerann k useToBbim Monyna- aM iw np ws0GpaxeHnn niny Mi YeNloaeNeCKAx cbaryp. Cesaiti xe npopaGaTsisan acio KapTHHy 8 e€ cbopManbHioM, PIMTMINMeCKOM mM xpoMaTHHeckoM enUiHCTae. B eTO HaTIOP Mopre «fiGnoku 1 anenbcuibi» 370 HoBoe envHcTBO npe Aenbio oveBHAKO, CesanH Crpemurica Bocco3qar NpMPORY Ha Bonee BbicoKoM yposHe. [Ins 3Toro oH npexkAe BCerO Mc~ noneaosan >¢hipextel sosmeliCTBMA KOHTPACTOS XONOAHEIK H Tenmx UBeTOB, NaOUWX OWYYLEHHE NerKoH BOSRYWHOCTH, Cesaii, a 32 HIM BoHHap nicanu Kapriibl, NONHOCTHIO NO: TpoeHHbie Ha KoHTpaCTax KoMOAHOrO H TennOTO. 13‘Aupu Mamuce (1869-1954) orka3anca oT uBeTOBEIX MO- aynauni v o6parance x enevarnmoUle ROCTINM v APKHN luserosbim NNOCKOCTAM, pacnonaran Wx B CYOBEKTHBHO MPO- siyacrBosaHitioM pasHOBECHM NO OTHOLEHMIO ADYT K APYTY. Baecte c bpaxom, Lepesom, BnaMAHKoM o npanannexkan K napioxckon rpynne «2AKiNX. Ky6ucre: MuKacco, Bpax w [pvc mcnonb3oBann YBeT BF soimenenua cBera M1 TeHH. Mpexne Bcero OHM MATepecoBa ‘niice @opMori, npeoBpasya npenMeTsi 8 a6crpaKTHBIe Teo MerpuMieckne (uTypbt VM AOGHBAACe BnevaTAeHAA Mx OOb- eMHOCTHA ¢ OMOUIDIO TOHANBHBIx rpanauna SkcnpeccHonuctel MyHk, Kuipxtep, Tekken, Honbe 4 xyaoxvnkn rpynnb «Cabal acanne (KananncKiia, Mapx, Make, Knee) Hob nbiTaniice BepHyTb KHBONHCH ee nevxonormveckoe M1 AYXOBHOE CoRepKaHHe. Llenb¥o Hx ‘raopyectea Gbino xenaHiKe Bbipaanty B UBeTe M opNe cao BHyTpeHHM RYXOBHbIM ONT. Kangnlickuis Haan nicate GecnpepMeTHbie Kapri! kono 1908 ropa. Ox yraepxnan, To KaxAbit YBeT O6NA- {HAeT NPHCyUIeN eMy AYXOBHO-BuIpasHMTeNbHOM UeHHOCTbO, to nossonser nepenabare BLICUIMe SMoLMOHaNsHEIe Nepe- xveanns, He npvOeraR Npi 3TOM K WB06paxeHiNio peans- Hoi npeaMeros. B LLhyrrapre soxpyr Amonecba Xenbuens oGpasoeanact uenaa rpynna Monogibix xyMOKHHKOR, NOCEWABLLIX er sneKi\an no TeopHn Bera, OCHOBAHHON Ha OTKPEITARK TeTe, WWonerrayapa u Beyoneaa. Mexay 1912. 1917 ropiama 8 panini yronxax Ee pont cosepwieHo HesasvicHMo Apyr or Rpyra paGorann XyMOXHUKM, NPOHIBeMLeHMA KOTOPLIX MOKHO Opto 6b! OOb- ‘eAMAuTS O6u\AM TOHATHEM «KOHKpETHOTO HcKyCcTBAD. Cpe: ‘AM Hux Gein Kynka, Flenove, Manes, Ure, Apn, Mow- ‘Apwani v Baxrourepno. B wx Kaprunax Gecnpeamenible, Bonsulei vactoio reomeTpMHeckHe hopMbl M YINcTBIe CeKT- panbHble ypera BbICTynan Kak peanHo AeVICTBYIOUNHE oBvexrol. Mirrennekryantvo ocosHasaembie cbopMa M YBeT [CTAHOBUANCE CpeACTEOM, COIABIOUAM ACHBIEA NOPAHOK 8 >xMBONMACHEIX OCTPORHHAAK, Heckonbko nosxe Moxapuad cnenan fanbHevwnis war anepen. OH, Kak u [py ucnonbso8an YACTEN KENT pact CMMI UBeT B KaNeCTBe KOHCTpyKTHBHOFO Mare pana Kapris, rae bopMa w user cosnasann addexr crara- 4 eckoro pasHoseciia, Ox He CTPEMANCR Hit K CKPITOM 3KC InpecciiBHocTa, Hl K HTenmeKTyaNeHOMy CAMBONASMY, @ K peanbHbin, OMTHNeCKH paanwdiihtoint KOHKPETHEIM rapMO- huveckim nocrpoeHHa ‘Goppeanucrsi Makc 3pxcr, Canbsaaop Hanw 1 apyrne onbsoBanvice UBeTOM KaK CPe/ICTOM ANA KMBONACHOM pe anmpaunth ceoux «Hepeaniblbn O6paz0B». Uro Kacaerca TWMCTOB, TO OHM ObINH «Be33aKOHHDI” K2K € TO¥KM apeHns yBeTa, TAK H OpMbl Paasyirvie XUMHI KpaCOK, MOAI H UBeTHOI cboTorpadbun seiseann OSU uIApOKAlA MHTepeC K UBETY, NPHvEM 4yBcT- 80 usera y MHOTHX mone sHaYTeNbHO yOHNiNOCe. OANA ko CoBpeMeHHbilt UHTepeC K UBETY TIOMTH WenHKOM HOCHT eviayanoHo-MaTepuanbabic xapaKtep M MI HOPHPYET CMbIC~ ‘nosbie v AyxoBHble NepexiBatiua. 310 noBepxHOcTHaA, pHewnaa urpa c MeTadwanveckMi cHnaM. LiBeT, Wany43- ean WM cana, SHepriig, JeMCTBYIOT Ha HAC NONOXMTENLHO anu orpiyarenbHo HeaaBMcnMo OT TOTO, CO3HaeM Mbi 3TO ann Her. Crapbie MacTepa, co3nasaeue aMTpaxH, HcNON- 308aN User ANIA CORAM HEeMHOM, MACTHYECKOM aTMO- cebepsi M MegMTaLINd MONALUMXCA, NepeHOCRUIAK Mx B MMP ‘AYXoBHO! peanbHOCT. Leer, eVicTEMTeNsHO, ROMKEH Ne- eXHBATECA HE TONEKO 3PHATEMbHO, HO NICHKONOTVHECKIA ‘cumiaonieckn Tipipona ypera moxer vaysaTeca C pashb0x NOsMUNAd, cbrawKn uccneayior sHeprinio snektpomarkuTHbix Konea- Hu wn cyyHocTe caeTOBbIX 4aCTHU, KOTOpbIE HECYT CBeT; ‘B03MOXHOCTH UBETOBOTO CPeHOMeHA, 8 OCOBeHHOCT, a3: noxeHne Genoro Ligera mph ero NpuaMaTH4ecKOM Paccen- akin, npoGneMel KopnycHoro uBeTa, OHH ay4aioT Mew ie tusetHoro cBeTa, CnexTPb pasnHVHbIx 3NeMeHTOB, 4aC- Tory KoneGaHia w AnMy paanviHbrx UBeTOBEIX BOM. M3 Mepeniie # knacchdpnkauna usera Takxe npHMannexar 06 sacra cpvandeck™x wiccneAoBaHi, Xuma uayaior MonexyAAPHY!O KOHCTITYLA UBETHEIK MaTepvanog Wn NUrMeHTOB, NpOGNeMb! Hx NpOYHOCT H abiuseraHing, paCTBOpHTeN, CBRAYOUIME BELUECTBA M MBTO. TopneHve cunTeTmyeckiix KpachTeneit, B HacTosiuee BpeMs arnt Kpacox oxearbiBacT NpesBbIvaliHo wnpoKyte OBNac NPOMBILINeHHBIX HCCHEDOBAHMNN M NPOM3BOACTEA.cpnsnonorl Hay4aiOT Paani AeFicTBMA ceera H UBeTa Ha au! apHTeniibiA annapat — 1ma3a Mv MOBr, Mx aHaTOMANeC- ue cana cpyHKUWM, FIpH 3TOM HayveHl4e BonpocoB NpH- nocoBnelin SpeHIAA K CBETY Mt TeMHOTe, xPOMAaTHNECKOrO penn 3aNVIMaeT GeCbMa BAxHOE MecTO. KpoMe TOFO, penomeH OcTaTONHUIX NB06PAXEHH TaKKE CTHOCATEA K O6- acta gusuonorin. amxonoru miepecyiorca npobnemamn enviskiun YseToBo- ro manyueHia Ha HAY NCAKAKY 4 AyWeaHoe cocToRHie Cameonixa Bera, ero cySvexTHBHoe aocnpuaTie M4 pas MHOe K HeMy OTHOWEHNe FBNRIOTCA BOKHEIMI, KnIOYeBEI- Mi TeMaM NCHxONOTOS, Tak Xe Kak M 3KCTPECCHBHOE YBe- rose BosnencTavie, OGOsHaveHHoe Fete Kak ero 4yacTBCH Ho-HpasctaenHioe niporsienve. >Xnsonncusi, KoTopEie xoTeNH Gbi NlocTHa acTeTHHECKyIO CTopony soaneVicrans yaera, TaKxe NOMKHB! OBamaTS 3Ha~ HiwaMn 8 OBNACTH cbusonoTMM 4 NcrxoNorWn YBeTA. OpHa~ Ko 8 vckyccTBe cyujecTayeT n CyryGo CBOs OGnacTs YBeTOBO- ro no3HaHina, HanGonbwee sHaNeHWe ANA Co3naHiMA xyRO- .XecTBeHHOrO OGpasa MMeIOT OTHOUIEHIA MexR UBeTOBOA PeanbHocToio M UBeTOBbIN BosneViCTBMIEM, MeXNY TEM, STO BOCNpHHAMAeTCA T330M, TEM, NTO BOSHHKAET 8 cOBHaHMN YenoBeka, Onri¥eckve, IMOUWNOHaMBHBIE H AYXOBHBIE NPO- FaneHiR YBeTa B MicKyCCTBe KMBONMICK B3AMMOCEABSHEI 3ehtbexrei pastioobpastioro soanelicTaA \seTa M1 B03- MoxHocTe ynpasnats YMi flOMxHbs CTaTb OcHOBOI SCTeTH Seckoro yueHia o upeTe, Npn atom npoGnempl cySpeKTna- Horo BocnpHATIR Bera OKABbIBAITCA OCOBEHHO BaXHbIMA ® xyBOXecTBeHHON BoCHiATaHAN, McKycCTBOBELeHNH, apxA- Textype wana xyoxKHHKOR, paGoTa!OUIMX 8 OBNACTH peKna: MoM Monti Scteriveckne acnekrb) eo3ne/iCTBMA UBETA MOryT Berto Hay. ‘YeHeI no Tpem HanpaBneHians ~ 4yecTaeHHo-ontiveckomy (MiMinpeccueHoMy); — ncuxnyeckomy (sxcnpeccHaHoMy): ~ WnTennekryanbHo-cHmBanindeckoMy (konctpyktasHomy). Mirtepecio ormetute, sTo 8 AoxonyMbos0n Mepy, 8 THa- *yaHaKo-crune user HOCAN ChMBOMMNECKHIA XapakTep, 8 Tlapakac-crane — akcnpeccasii, a 8 Yay-criane em Got ‘na npncyula wenpeccrsHocre. Vsyvan kynbrypy ApeBHIK HapomoS, Mel HaxXOMMM CTHNM, 8 KOTOpEIK YBeT HcTON30BaNCR TOMbKO Kak CMON OGO3Ha- Nena npaHaniexHOCTH K pasmMHbiM COMMANBHEIM ChOAM wan KaCTaM INH Xe Kak CHMBORWECKHIA 3HaK INA BbIAXe- Hit MincbonoraveckHMx Min penlirHosHibix MneM B Kurae xemeit — caMbi cBermbid user — npemHaaHa- anca ana nsineparopa, Cella He6a, Hixkto pyro He cMen HocuTe xkenTO¥i onexas. Kents user Bon crmBonom BEICWe/ MyAPOCTH Mi npocBeMIeHHocTA. Eon xe KHTaMIUI Haglesanw no crysaio Tpaypa Genie OmekAbl, 10 370 O3Ka- Yano, To OHM ConpOBOX LAN yxORRUYETO B LapCTBO YACTO- Thi M Heba, Beni He RENANCA BbIpaxeHneM nHMHO! NeYa- 1, ero HoCAnn, Kak 6b NoMOTaA yMepweMy NOCTATHYTE ‘sepxosHoro Wapctea ci 80 BpeneHa noKonyMBoBOr Mexcnkn xynoxHink ichoneso8an 8 CBonx KOMNOSHUMSX UTypy, ONETYIO B Kpachble oexAbI, TO BCe NOHMMANIA, HTO peb nner 0 Gore 3emnin Keitne-ToTek, eM CaMbiM © BOCTONHOM HeBocKnto: He B eFo 3HaeHnn Bockoma conta, POxAeHA, ;ONOCTH A Bech. ApyraMn cnoBawin, burypa Hvena kpackbit yBer He No cooGpaxerinaM sliayanbHol cTeTHKi nin 3anasian OCo- 6oit akcnpeccusHoct — user Gein 3necb CHMBONMMHEIM, Nogo6Ho hororpamMe, sHakaM vai GykBaM, 3aMeHRIOLUMN ‘cnoga 8 creHorpacpin, unis neporndy. B kaTonMHecKOHI UepKBN AYXOBHIaR MepapxiA BEIpaxa. ‘Race B UBeTOBOI CHwiBonike OneX~A: NYPNYPHOM AN Kap- Ausnana v Benoit — gn nan. Dina Kaxkgoro WepKOBHOrO Npa- Sanka ceAuleHHOcnyxtTenH OTKHS! GainH OBNa4aTECA B onexnbl NpenNcakHbix yBeTOB. Camo coBOr pasymeercs, TO CTH peniarvosHoe McKYCCTBO OTHOCHTCR K UBeTY cmaaonintecke. Korna neno Kacaercr WayveHiia 3MOUMOHanbHO-sKcnpec- CHaHoro Bo3ReNicTENA \BeTa, TO Mbi OBpaL\aeMcA K HauNMM ennui MacTepan ~ Site [peKo u [poHesaniny, UyectseHHo-ontaMeckaa cTopoHa Boanelicrane ysera Gbina HcxoAHOIA TOSKOM M OCHOBO! xMBONACHOrO TBOPYeCT- ba Benackeca, CypOapana, Iy6epTa u Fitia BaH SViKos, ron- snavacki waCtepos HaTopMopra H UATepeepa, TaKxe Opa. ‘pee JleHeH, a noaxe Lapnena, Jurpa, KypGe, Sleviéna w Ayre xyROXHIIKOR. «OcHoBatenbHbil?yJTeiOn» ocoGEHHO 15ycepako v npucransHo HaGnionan ToHYaliwne nepexons lpera 8 npupone i cronb xe TOHKO nepenasan Wx Ha CBOMK onorHax. Ov Mikorfa He paboTan Han CBouMM KapTHHaNan, cn nepeg HAM He HaXOAUMACs KHEAR MOsIEN. TaKME XY- oxsnen, Kak 3.MaHe, K.MoHe, Mera, Nccappo, PeHyap Cucrei, HassibaeMbie OBbMHO MMNpECCHOHMCTAMIA, H3ysa- mn coGcraeHHO UBeT NPERMeTOR B ero 32BMCMMOCTH OT Con. HewHoro cBeTa, Tak NTO 8 KOHYe KOHUOS, 3TH KMBONWACKbI face 8 Bonbwler Mepe Cran OTKOAUTS OF NOKANbHEIK UBETOR W oSpaulars cB0e BHNMaHHe Ha UBeTOBLIe KoNeBaHIAR, Bbi- aBaHHbIe VBMeHEHVeM CBETa B PazNIANHBIE HaCbI CYTOK, ‘Tonbko Tomy, x70 mlO6uiT user, OTKPLIBaeTCA ero KoacoTa BHYTPeHHAR CYLIHOCTS, LIBeTOM MOXET rlonbsOBATECR KaX- ‘Abi, HO TonsKo Ges3aaeTHo npeAaHHbim eMy OH NOsBONFET ocTH4b CBoM Talib cn 8 uenax MayyeHiin useTa npiMxOnMATCR roBOpHTS pa3~ ‘enbHO 0 KaXKDOM M3 TpeX acrlekTOB erO BOSNEVICTBMA: KOHCT PYKTHBHOM, 3KCNPECCHBHOM H MMTPECCHEHDIM, — TO R He XO- Ten 6b yMYCTITTe BOSMOXHOCTH ckaBaTb, HTO KAXADII H3 STK acnekros npennonaraet Hannuve 6 UBETe M RBYX OcTaNbHEIX. Tag, chmponiam Ges BHByanGHOA TONMOCTH 1 Ges ncMxano- THMeCKM->MOLUOHANBHOM CNB OKAKETCR CKOPEE BCErO aHE- Minin, nHTennleKTyanbibiMd bopMannaMoM. 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Tak, HanpMMep, 3eNeHbila UBeT Moxer ObiTo cMeWwaH ¢enTbIM, OPAHEBLIM, KPaCHEIM, cpnoneroBbim, cHiM, Genie 4 YepHbiM UBeTOM, NpHEM B kaXxAOM chysiae OH NpHOBpeTaer cneWMpMNEcKiil, eAMHCT- etiibilt 8 CBoeM pone xapaktep. Kakaoe vaMeHeHiie UseTa 8 peaynstare onHOBpeMeHHbIX BNUAHI TaKKe CO3AZeT HO” bil, OcoGsIM ero xapaxtep. Kora ke Mbi XoTHM onpesteninT’ creneMb cBetnorel Hn TeMHOTE KaKOTO-NIM60 YBeTa, TO MBI FOBOPHM 0 eFO TOHALIs~ Hom kavectse. ToH \seTa MoxeT Gore W3MEHeH RBYMA Cro: coBami: uni wepe3 CoeatmHeHne naHHOro Bera C Beni, epibim ni cep, Hn 32 Cver cMeweHNa c RByMA YBeTa- Mn pasninsHon cBernorst + Borevecreentiow wBeroneneHiu ocHoBhie xapaKtepHcu Users ‘onpenenniocs Tepabkanit: uBeToB0H TOM (To cre cobcTBeHNO UBeT — pach, enews, cri wT..), coermoTa w HaceuenHocts. OnwaKo & “x9OnWCHOM NPaKTIKE TEpMMHOM «TOH ONPEAENAIOT TARE H CRETAOTY era ~ Mp. pea,@yanca sera coer H Hl | npwawa 8 1676 rony cap Mcaak HbioToH ¢ nowoubio TpexrpaHHori NpwaMbs pasnioxun Gentil CoMMesHbIA CBeT Ha UBETOROA cnexrp. logoBnuir cnexTp conepxan Bce yBera 3a HCKMHO- Nexen nypnypHoro. Hoiorox crasian caoit onbir cnepyroum o6pas0m (puc. 1): ConHe4Hbil cBeT nponyckanca Hepes y3KyiO UJeNb Vi nanan Ha npyamy. B npvaMe ny Genoro yaeTa paccnansanica Ha ‘OTRENbHbIe CnekTpanbHble UseTa. PasnoxeHHbilA TaKuM O6- Pa30M of Hanpasnanica 3aTeM Ha 2kpaH, re BOIHHKANO "a0Gpaxenve cnextpa. Henpepoiakaa UBeTHan nesTa Ha~ ‘ikaniace ¢ kpacHoro useTa M 4epe3 OpaHxeBbiit, XeNTBII, 3eNeHbI, CAH KOHYaNace ¢pnoneToBbIM. Ecim 370 1306- Paxketne 3aTem nponyckanocs Yepes COBUpAIOLUyIO AMH3Y, TO COeAMHeHHe acex UBETOS BHOBS NaBaNo Genbilt User. 31 usera MonywalorcA M3 CONHEYHOTO NyYa C NOMOULbIO NPenomnenia. Cyuecreyior 4 apyrue @usnveckue nyt O6pasosai usera, HanpnMep, caRsaHHbe C npoueccaMA ‘astepbepenunn, auibpakiin, Nonapusauih M epnyopec- erwin va TM Me pasnennw crekrp Ha ise acta, HanpHMEp — ‘PACHO-opainxeno-xeNITYIO K BeneHo-cHHE-KeMTOMY. Kaxxaibii uber RanieTCa AONONHMTENGHbIM NO oTHOUIE- Hino k cMecn acex ocTanbHbix \seTOB chekTPpa. B cMeWaHHOM YseTe Mb He MOXEM YBHAETS oTneNbHbIe ero cocrasnaiowne. 8 3TOM OTHOUIeHNM rna3 oTnvaeTca OT ysbixanbHoro yxa, KOTOPOE MOXET AbIReNMATE O60! 13 aeykoe axkopnaPasnuaunbie Ysera CoRnaloTcA CBETOBLIMH Sonam, KO Topele npeacraanaiot coor onpemteneHHbilt pom aneKTpO- MarnimHoi aHepran Menoseyeckuii a3 MOET SOCNPHHKMATb CBer TONKO ApH Anne Bont oT 400 o 700 MuanuMKpOH 1 siqpon unis 1m = 1/1000 wm = 1/1000 000 w 1 sunnviaviepon vn 1 em = 1/1 000 000 wm. Dnava sons, cooreercrayiouan orjenbHbiM UseraM creKr- pa, “ coorBeTcTByloulve 4acToT! (4cNO KoneGaHMi B ce- yy) ana Kaxnoro crexrpansHoro UseTa nMeIoT cneAylo~ une xapaxrepHcrait: per Awa eons acrora kene6anit n/m Bcexynay pacha 800-650 400-470 mnpa. Oparrkeasi 640-590 470-520 nanpn, >kenmo 580-550 520-590 wpa, Benes 530-490 590-650 wnpa, Tony6ori 480-460 650-700 mnpp. comuir 450-440 700-760 mon, ‘Dwonerossih 430-390 760-800 mon, ‘Oriowiertne Hactor KpacHoro M cbaoneToBOTo \WBeTa Np GnwautTensHo paBHo 1:2, TO ecto TaKOe Xe KAK 8 MYSbIKAML- Hot oxraBe. Kaxxabii user cnekrpa xapakrepvayerca cae ANHOA BONHEI, To ECT OH MOXET GuiTb COBEPUIEHHO TOSHO 3af!aH ANMHOM BonHe! vn vactoTO KoneGaHuiA, CBeToBbIe BONHbL cami no ce6e He uMelor ysera, Llser sosHiakaer nuts np BOCTPHATN 3THx BONH NenoBeeckMM rma30M M MOSTOM, Kakm 06pa30m oH pacnoaHaer 3TH Bont Zo HacToAUero BpeMeH eUle NONHOCTHO Hev.aBecTHO. Mb Tonbko 3HaeM, To pasninunbie useTa BO3HHKaIOT 8 pesynbrare KonMYeCT- BeHHsiX pashli cBeTONYSCTBMTENBHOCTH. Ocraerca nccnenoeats BakHiin BOnPOC o KOpNyCHOM upere npenmeros. Ecni Mui, HanpuMep, nocTashM paneTp, ponyckarouynl Kpachoi yBeT, M CATT, NponycKAOUM seneHbit, Nepen AyroBol naMnois, 7o o6a dpunerpa sMecte AAYT HepHeifi yBeT Wnn TeMHOTy. KpacHbiA user nornows- eT 8ce nysin cnekTpa, KpoMe MyseZi 8 TOM vidTepBane, KOTO- bili oTsevaer KpacHoMy usery, a aeneHwilh unetp sanep- >xviBaeT BCE \BeTa, KPOMe 3eNeHOTO. TakMIM O6paz0M, He ponyckaeTcr HA ORMMH mys, W MBI NonyaeM TeMHOTy. [lo- TmoulaeMoie & (busn4ecKoM 3KcrepAMeHTe YBeTa Ha3biBa- 1OTCR Take BEISHTTaeMbIN, User npeametos sosHiKaer, masiiim o6pasom, 6 npo- luecce nornoueHis Bonk. Kpachbi Cocyn abIrnaAT KpaC- HuiM noToMy, 4To OH NornowlaeT ace OCTanNbHbIe BETA CBE ‘ToBOTO ya M OTPAXKAeT TONBKO KPACHsii Korma mbt rosopaia: «37a Hauika KpacHan, TO Mb Ha Ca- MoM Alene uMeeM 8 si1qy, 470 MoneKynapHoilt cocTas no- BepxHOCTA 4auIKM TaKOB, 470 OH rlommoulaeT Bce CBeTOBLIE saya, KpoMe Kpaciiix. Yauuka cava no ce6e He MMeeT HIN kakoro Usera, User CoaaeTcR Npit ee ocBeUYeHHN, Ena kpaciian 6ymara (nogepxocts, normoulaioutan Bce ‘ays kpOMe KpacHoro) OcBeUAeTCR 3eNEHBIM CBETOM, TO 6ymara noxaxkercn HaM HepHor, NoTOMy 4To SeneHbi UBeT He conepxnt nyyeit, oTBeNaIoUMx KpacHOMy UBeTY, KOTO pote Morn Gott oTpaxent! Hawien Bymaron Bce XMBONIICHBIE KPACKM ABNSIOTCR NHTMeHTHBIMI ANIA BeujectsenHbini. 310 BnimTbiBamUINe (rhornoulaIoUNe) Kpacki, W npn vx cMeWBaHn CheAyeT PykoBoACTBOBATS- ca npasinaa seiaraHii. Korfa JononiTenbHble KDaCkM in KoMOvHaUIAN, COneDKALIKE TPH OCHOBHEIX UBETa — >xentbili, KpaCHbilt M CiHint,~ CMeulMeaiorca 8 onpeneneH- Ho” nponopuiaa, To pesyntrarom yneT YepHbil, B TO Bpe- Ma kak aHaNOTMHHaR CMEC HeBeLIECTEeHHbIX LIBETO, O- ‘AYHOHHBIX B HBIOTOHOBCKOM 3KcepHMeHTe C NPHBMOM, 3- eT 8 pesynbrare Genbitt yBer, NOCKONSKy 3nece OBRERMHE- hve useToB Gasnpyercs Ha NPHHUWNe CROKeHAR, a He Bb suraHnn,Leer m yaerosoe Bosnevicrane Tlonstie usera npumenaerca coBcTseHHo Ans o6o3HaHe- A caMoro UseTOBOTO Ni4rMeHTa MM MaTepuana, KOTOPDIE onnaiorca cbusiteckomy Mi xMMMYECKOMY onpenenenMio H ananuay, Userosoe singerve, Bostikaloulee 8 mazax 18 CosHa- Hin YenogeKa, oBnanaer CBOMM COnepxaHveM UW CMBICnOM, Onwako raza Moar MoryT npn x YeTKoMy pasnaveHiio Useva naw ¢ noMoulsio CpaBHeHind H KOHTpacToB. 3Have- Hie u UeHHocTe xpoMaTHHecKoro uBeTa MOryT ObITb onpe- Aenetb! Nnwe ¢ noMOUIbIO ero OTHOWEHMS K KaKOMy-1M60 2xPomanmveckomy eery — epHomy, Genomy anu cepomy,, lant xe no ero oTHOWEHHIO k ONHOMY ANIA HECKONIKHM Aoyra xpowanuveckim yserans, BocnpAaTve Ysera, 8 MPoTMABonoNO>KHOCT K E70 (HSMKO-KUMMNECKOH peannsHo- 1M, SenercR peansHoCTe#o ncixodpuaMonorHHecKoi, Tewxorpnamonorueckan peanbHOcTb UBera 4 CT WMEHHO To, uTo A Ha3biBaI0 UBeTOBbIM Bo3/eNicTaHeM. Llger "2K TakoBOM a yseToBOe BORReVICTBME MNeHTHYHE) TONbKO TPH rapmoHiurio cosayaian, Bo Bcex spyrHx crywanx Ber MTHoBeHHo npHoGperaeT WaMeHeHHoe, HOBOE KaecTBO. "emeenem sniece Weckonbxo npMepos. Vssectio, 470 Gensid keanpar Wa eprom boxe 6yaer Kazaroca Gonee Kpynibins, 4eM NepHbii Keanipar TaKOlA Ke Benwsintiot Ha Genom (ove. Beni uBer vanyuaercr A BbIXOAMMT 38 CBOM NPeMENi, B TO BPEMA KaK YepHIli BERET K COKpaLUeHINO pasMepos 3aHAMAeMBIX HM MOcKOCTeN Caerno-cepsiti kBanpar KaxeTCA TemHoIM Ha GenoM cbo- He, Ho Tor xe cserno-ceppili Keanipat Ha NepHom Bono HvmaeTca cBeTAiM, Ha pucyrxe 58 xenrbil keagpar ak Ha Benom m Ha epHom poke. Ha Geniom dbone oH KaxKeTcs TeMHee, npo- wagons BrevarneHie nerkoro HexHOro Tenia. Ha wepHOM >ke CTaHOBHITCR YpesBbINalaHO CBeTIIM H npHOBpETaeT xO- ORM, arpeccnBntil xapaxrep. Ha pucysike 59 KpacHoii KBaipar ws06paxen Ha Genom Ha HepHoM hone. Ha Gentom Kpachsili user KaxercR Oven TewlbiM W OcnaBneHHEIM. Ho Ha 4epHOM ToT Ke KpacHbil CTaHOBHITCR CBeTMBIM 4 HHTEHCHBHEIM, oan cui Keagpar w206pa3uTe Ka Genow 1 wepHoM howe, To Ha Genom on Gyger abIrnanere TeMHBIM, rmy6O- KIM UBeTOM, a OKPyxaiOUIAit ero Genki craHer axe 6o- nee caeTnbiM, MEM B cny'ae C xenTbIM KBanpATOM. Ha Yep: 19HOM >ke «bone cv user nocserneer w npHo6peTeT ap- Ki, mnyBOKi M CBETAUIATICR TOH. Een ceppil ksanpar soGpaaitb Ha nesiaHoM chieM 1 a Kpaclo-opaH»Xe80M ove, TO Ha Ne/AHOM CHEM OH, CraHier KpacosaTeiM, 8 TO BpeMs KaK 8 OKPY>KeNIAH Kpac- Ho-opatixesoro — cvesarbin, Pasa CTaHOBHTCA BeCb- Ma 3aMeTHOMi, eC 3TH KOMNO3MUWM PaccMarpHeaTe O7- HoBpemenio. Korna yeer 4 snevatnenne oF Hero (ero soagelicrane) He cosnanator, user nporssonuT nuccoHMpyHOUee, NO- ABitxHOe, HepeansHoe 1 wiiMoneTHoe anevarnenne. Dakt pespaweHiMA MaTEpHANEHOM DAHHOCTH ChopMbl M Bera 8 BunpTyanbHyio BMBpaUWno [Aer Xys|OXHMIKY BOBMOXHOCTS uIpaanTs To, Hero HenbaA NepenaTe cnoBamn. NpveenesHbie npnMepsi MomH 6b Bite paCcMOTPeHbL W kak nporanenie cHMynsTaHHOocTH. BO3MOXHOCTE cit 20 ynsraniax npespaulenn 2acrasner Hac npn pa6ore Hag UBETOBOM KOMNO3MYMe” HaYMHaTb ¢ OUeHKM HeACTEMA sera i 3aTeM yke B COOTBETCTBIA C STHM fyMaTb O xapaK- Tepe i pasmepax yserosbhx naTeHt Eenm Tema npowseenenan ger or nepsoro sMouNoHan- Horo Tonska, To H Bece npouecc Gopmoo6pasoaaHinn ON- xe GbiTb NOQNMHEH 3TOMy NepsoHavaNbHOMy 4 OCHOBHO- My 4yBcray. Eni masHbin BbIpasiTensHsiM CpenCTEOM AB [NSTCR \UBeT, TO KoMNOaM\UMR OMKHa HaYHHaTECK C ONPE- ‘eneiv UseTOBLIK NITEM, KOTOPEIe ONpeAeNAT H ee pUcy: Nok. Tomy, KTO HaMinHaer ¢ pacylika, a 3aTeM noBasnseT K AWRUAM YBeT, HAKOTRA He YAACTCR OCT YOeAMTENSHOTO, W CHAbHOFO YBeTOBOTO BosgencTENR. Liset OGnapaer coBct- BeHHOM Maccoll M CMNON v3ny4eHMA 4 Mpujaer NNOCKOCT MHy!O UeHHOCTE, HeM 9TO AlenaIoT minK.Lsero#an rapMoHine Korna non rosopst 0 YseroBoii rapMoHMy, OHM OUeHABa: (OT BNeyaTNeHiA OT B3aMMOgeNcTBMA AByx uNn Gonee UBe- 7oB. Knsonvce w HabniogeHne Han CyObeKTHBHbIMM UiBe- Toabinu npennosteHann pasnusix modell rosopaT 0 HeoaHoanasisix npeqcraBneHUnx o rapmonnn w sucrap- own, Ans Sonsuinticrea useToabie CoNeTaHina, HaabiBaemble B NPOCTOpe4iiv «rapMoHM4HbIMIA», OBbI4HO COCTOAT 43 6NM3- kw no ceoemy xapakrepy \seToS nh Xe pasniNieix use ‘ToB Gnviakix no cBetnore. B OCHOSHOM 3TH COMETAHHS| HE ©6nanator cununoi xowtpactHoctoso. Kak npaBiino, ouet- *2 FapMonina vin anccovanca BolsBana OuIyuleHMeM npit- STHoro-HenpiaTHoro ws npuenexaTenbsioro-HenpuBneKa TenbHOTO. TlonoGHie cypKReHMA NOCTPOeHD! Ha NM4HOM MHEHH W He HocaT ob beKTHBHOrO xapakTepa, Nouste usetoson TaPMOHMM ONKHO BbiTb V3bRTO M3 OGnacTH cyBuextusHeix acre HM nepeHeceHo @ oBnacte BbexrisHix saKoHoMepHocTelh TapMonns ~ sto paphiosece, cumMerpin can wenne dvanonormyeckoid Cropousl yBeTOBOrO BUBe- ApHEnueKaeT Hac K pewieHiio STO NpoGnemts. Tax, ec- ‘1M HeKoTOpOe BpeM” CMOTpeTe Ha 3eneHbit KBALpAT, ao: TOM 3aKpbiTs Masa, TO 8 rna3ax y Hac BOsHMKHET KPacHbilt keanpar. M HaoBopor, Ha6nionan KpacHbiA Keanpar, MbI nO- ‘nyse ero «OBparky» — 3eneHisif, 3TH ONSITE! MOXHO NpO- VBBORMTS Co BCeMM YseTalaN, H OHA NORTBEPXAAIOT, 4TO userosolt o6pa3, BOsHHKAIOUWNA 6 rasaK, BCerna OcHOBAH Ha uBere, RononHuTeNsHOM K peanbHO yBHReKHOMy. [nasa ‘Tpebyiot unh Nopoxsa‘oT NoNoNHMTenbHbIe UBeTa. M310 ecto ecTecTBeHHan noTpeSHOCT HOCTHMb pasHosecuA. 310 ABNeHHe MOKHO Ha3BaTb NOCNeAOBATENbHbIM KOMTPACTOM, Apyroti onbir cocrowr 8 ToM, WTo Ha UBeTHOM Keanpar Mel HaknaabibaeM 6nvaKwit no ceeTnoTe cepsil KeaApar MeHE- wero paamepa, Ha xkemToM 370T cepbiin KBanpaT NoKaxeTCA HaM cBeTno-c>wonerosbi, Ha opaHxeson — ronyBoBaro- cept, Ha KPacHOM — 3enteHoaTo-cepsiM, Ha 3eneHoM — kpacHOBaTo-cepbiM, Ha CAHeM — oparoxesO-cepsin i Ha cbaonerosom — xkemTosaTo-ceptim (pic. 31-36). Kaxabi luger 3acrassirer cept npalst ero RononkuTenkHbif oTTe- Hok, Yucrbie uBeTa Takxe MMEIOT TeHReHUIAIO oKpaLMars pyre xpomarieckiie UseTa 8 CBO RonoNHMTeNbHEI Uber. 310 ABNIeHHe Ha3bIBaeTCA CheynbraHHbiM KOHTPACTOM. a