COURSEWORK BBA 4002

1. Explain carefully the steps in budgetary control.

The procedure to be followed in the preparation and control of budget may fifer from business
to business. But, a general pattern of outline of budget preparation and control may go a long
way to achieve the end results. The steps are as follows:
Formulation of policies: The business policies are the foundation stone of budget construction.
Function policies should be formulated in advance. Long-range policies with short term
projections should be made for the functional areas such as sales, production, inventory, cash
management, capital expenditure.
Preparation of forecasts: Based on the formulated policies, forecast should be made in respect
of each function. Activity based concepts should be introduced at the micro level for each
function. Forecasts should not be considered as mere estimates. Scientific methods should be
adopted for forecasting. Analysis of various factors based on past, and present, future forecast
should be made.
Preparation of budgets: Forecasts are converted into written codified document. Such written
documents can be used for coordination purposes. Function budgets will act as guidelines for
implementation.
Forecast combinations: While developing the budget through a Master Budget various
permutations and combination processes are considered and developed. Based on this,
establishment of the most preferred one which will yield optimum benefits should be
considered. All the factor components should be identified which are likely to cause
disturbances while implementing the budgets.