PHYSIOLOGY OF

PREGNANCY
Presented by
Taufiq RN

THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

FEMALE ORGAN

THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE

(ABOUT 28 DAYS)

Reproduction Physiology in women

Male Organ

Testis:
Interstitiel compt:
2 15 % testes volume
Tubular comprt:
60 - 80% testes volume
c/o: germ cells, peritubular cells, Sertoli Cells

Spermatogenesis
(the Sequence of Events)

Fertilization

Proses Kehamilan

Travel Duration of Fertilized Ovum

AXIS:
Hypothalamus-Hyphophisis-Testis (pria) ovarium-uterus (wanita)
GnRH

FSH

LH

HORMONE THAT BIND TO

INTRACELLULAR RECEPTORS

That must be lyphofilic:

1.

Androgens
2. Calcitriol
3. Estrogens
4. Glucocorticoids
5. Mineralocorticoids
6. Progestins
7. Retinoic acid
8. Thyroid (T3 and T4)

Cell membrane

Nucleus
R

HRE

HSt
DNA
mRNA

mRNA

specific proteins
Cytoplasm

Metabolic response

HORMONE THAT BIND TO CELL SURFACE

RECEPTOR
The second messenger is cAMP there are 16
hormones
The second messenger is cGMP there are 2
hormone
The second messenger is Ca or
phosphatidilinositol (or both) there are 11
hormones
The second messenger is a kinase or
phosphatase cascade there are 10 hormones

In PK
Ep

B
A
R

R
Gs

ATP

AS
R
cAMP

Cell mb

FDS

5 AMP

A PK

CREB

Second messenger cAMP

Increase
transcription

Testosterone Action

Hormone Properties
Type
Solubility

Group I

Group II

Steroid
etc.
Lipophilic

Polypeptide
etc.
Hydrophilic

Transport Yes
proteins
Plasma
Long
half life
(hours to
days)
Receptor Intrcellular
Mediator

No
Short
(minutes)

Plasma
membrane
Receptor- CAMP,
hormone
cGMP, Ca.
complex
Pi etc

Fisiology hambatan

Tgt Prolactin (PRL)

Yang diproduksi
Oleh hypothalamus

PRL