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0.5 0.5
UREACONCENTRATIO IN LIQ
0.45 0.45
PHASE(MOLECULE)
0.35 0.35
2 .25
0.3 0.3
3 .50 0.25 0.25
0.2 0.2
4 .75
0.15 0.15
5 1 0.1 0.1
0.05 0.05
0 0
1 2 3 4 5
UREA CONCn. IN LIQ 0.436 0.407 0.373 0.336 0.252
PHASE(MASS FRAC)
CO2 CONVERSION IN LIQ 0.461 0.420 0.377 0.336 0.286
PHASE(MOLECULE)
H2O:CO2 RATIO (MOL/MOL)
CONT’D
HIGH PRESSURE PROCESSES
(MCI)
BECAUSE OF THIS, MELAMINE CHEMICALS INC
DEVELOPED A PROCESS IN WHICH THE
MELAMINE IS QUENCHED BY LIQUID AMMONIA
WITHOUT FURTHER TREATMENT.HERE, BY
ADDING ADDITIONAL VAPORISED AMMONIA TO
THE SEPARATOR THE AMMONIA PARTIAL
PRESSURE IS INCREASED AND THE FORMATION
OF BYPRODUCTS IS SUPPRESSED .
FOLLOW
IN GSFC MELAMINE PLANTS,SHOULD WE
SUCH PRACTICES IN MAIN SCRUBBER &
DRYER
1.IN MS,KEEP U/S VAPNH3 FLOW HIGHER THAN
OBSERVED @ POOR QUALITY PRODUCT
2.** CONT’D
WATER QUENCH (PROS & CONS)
1.**
2.IN DRYER,KEEP FILTER CANDLES CLEAN TO
RELEASE CO2, WATER VAPOUR & INERT GAS SO
THAT NH3 PARTIAL PRESSURE MAY BE
IMPROVED.
PROCESS
THE PURITY OF MELAMINE FROM THE MCI-II
IS ABOUT 97% AND CAN THEREFORE
NOT BE USED FOR ALL APPLICATIONS
GET SPECIFIED APPLICATIONS FROM
MCI-II WHICH CAN GUIDE TO GSFC MELAMINE
PRODUCTS TOO.
CONT’D
WATER QUENCH (PROS & CONS)
MELAM
THESE IMPURITIES CONSIST MAINLY OF
WHICH IS FORMED DURING THE QUENCH
PROCESS. MCI TRIES TO OVERCOME THIS
HANDICAP BY INCREASING THE PRESSURE IN
THE QUENCH PROCESS.
TECHNOLOGY
MELAMINE PRODUCERS WITH PROPRIETARY
HAVE BEEN RELUCTANT TO
LICENSE THEIR TECHNOLOGY. EUROTECNICA IS
THE ONLY ENGINEERING COMPANY WHICH
OFFERS A HIGH PRESSURE PROCESS,ORIGINALLY
BASED ON THE ALLIED TECHNOLOGY.
LOW PRESSURE CATALYTIC PROCESSES
LOW
THE ELECTRIC POWER CONSUMPTION IN THE
PRESSURE PROCESSES IS HIGHER THAN IN
THE HIGH PRESSURE PROCESSES BECAUSE
LARGER QUANTITIES OF GAS PER TONNE OF
MELAMINE HAVE TO BE HANDLED.
UNIT
ON THE OTHER HAND, HIGHER CAPACITIES PER
ARE POSSIBLE FOR HIGH PRESSURE
PROCESSES ARE 90,000 TPA PER UNIT WHILE FOR
NONCATALYTIC PROCESSES A MAXIMUM
CAPACITY OF 50,000 TPA SEEMS TO BE A LIMIT.
FAVOURABLY
THE LOW PRESSURE PROCESSES COMPARE
WITH HIGH PRESSURE PROCESSES
ESPECIALLY AT LARGE CAPACITIES.
CONT’D
LOW PRESSURE CATALYTIC PROCESSES
CATALYSTS
MOST PROGRESS WAS MADE IN FINDING NEW
WITH HIGHER ACTIVITY . THESE
CATALYSTS ALLOWED A CONSIDERABLE INCREASE IN
CAPACITY BY DEBOTTLENECKING ALONE IN STEAD OF
NEW INVESTMENT.
INSUFFICIENT
WHEN TEMPORARY OVER SUPPLY OF MELAMINE AND
PRICE TOOK AWAY THE INCENTIVE FOR
REWORKING(BUSINESS PROCESS RE ENGINEERING)-THE
PROCESS TECHNOLOGY, IT WAS MORE ECONOMICAL
TO DEBOTTLENECK.
OFF GAS TREATMENT
CONT’D
OFF GAS TREATMENT
CONT’D
OFF GAS TREATMENT
CONT’D
IN FACT , IF SENDING THE OFFGAS STREAM TO
THIS NEW SECTION, THE SYNTHESIS WILL
PRACTICALLY RECEIVE ONLY AMMONIA & CO2
FROM THE MELAMINE OFFGAS AND NO WATER.
PAT C A L M OTHER
∮ IN THE PAST FIVE YEARS (REVIEWED IN 1997
BY BASF) THE ANNUAL GROWTH RATE FOR
MELAMINE CONSUMPTION WORLDWIDE HAS
BEEN ESTIMATED AT 4 ~ 5% . A SIMILAR GROWTH
RATE IS EXPECTED FOR THE FORSEEABLE
FUTURE.WORLDWIDE ANNUAL PRODUCTION
CAPACITY IS ESTIMATED AT 685000 TONS AND
THIS CAPACITY CORRESPONDS WELL WITH
EXPECTED DEMAND FOR THE YEARS TO COME
COUNTRY COMPANY CAPACITY
EUROPE 282000
Austria Agrolinz 50000
France ELF atochem 16000
Germany BASF 48000
Italy Agrolinz 40000
Netherlands DSM melamine 90000
Poland Pulawy 30000
Romania Azoures 8000
COUNTRY COMPANY CAPACITY
American 60000
melamine
chemicals
COUNTRY COMPANY CAPACITY
Japan 116000
Japan Mitsubishi 30000
petroleum co.
Mitsui toatsu 40000
chemic.