Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
EN 1997
Eurocode: Geotechnical design
Section 2: Basis of
geotechnical design
Dr.-Ing. Bernd Schuppener,
Federal Waterways Engineering and Research Institute,
Karlsruhe, Germany
EUROCODES
Background and Applications
Design requirements
Design situations
Durability
Geotechnical design by calculation
Design by prescriptive methods
Load tests
The Observational Method
The Geotechnical Design Report
Annex A + B
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Background and Applications
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Background and Applications
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Background and Applications
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Background and Applications
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Background and Applications
EUROCODES
Background and Applications
Design requirements
Design situations
Durability
Geotechnical design by calculation
Design by prescriptive methods
Load tests
The Observational Method
The Geotechnical Design Report
Annex A + B
EUROCODES
Background and Applications
EUROCODES
Background and Applications
Design requirements
Design situations
Durability
Geotechnical design by calculation
Design by prescriptive methods
Load tests
The Observational Method
The Geotechnical Design Report
Annex A + B
10
EUROCODES
Background and Applications
Design requirements
Design situations
Durability
Geotechnical design by calculation
Design by prescriptive methods
Load tests
The Observational Method
The Geotechnical Design Report
Annex A + B
11
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Background and Applications
12
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Background and Applications
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Background and Applications
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Background and Applications
15
cu = 50 MN/m
cu = 55 MN/m
cu = 65 MN/m
cu = 68 MN/m
cu = 71 MN/m
cu = 73 MN/m
cu = 60 MN/m
cu = 64 MN/m
cu = 75 MN/m
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Background and Applications
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cu = 76 MN/m
cu = 62 MN/m
cu = 50 MN/m
cu = 55 MN/m
cu = 65 MN/m
cu = 68 MN/m
cu = 71 MN/m
cu = 73 MN/m
cu = 60 MN/m
cu = 64 MN/m
cu = 75 MN/m
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Background and Applications
17
Xk = Xmean (1 - kn Vx)
where
Xmean arithmetical mean value of the parameter values;
Vx
the coefficient of variation
kn
statistical coefficient which depends on the number
n of test results, the level of confidence and a priori
knowledge about the coefficient of variation (case
Vx unknown or Vx known).
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Background and Applications
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*
sx
sx
*
*
Xk(local)
Normal distribution
through tests results
Xk(mean) Xmean
Xmean kn,fractileVx
Xmean kn,meanVx
Value of
parameter
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Background and Applications
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Xk = Xmean - 0.5 sx
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Background and Applications
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c
[kPa]
[]
tan
[-]
BH 1/1
31
0,601
BH 1/2
30
0,577
BH 2/1
35
0,700
BH 2/2
28
0,532
Mean value
cmean = 3.75
Standard deviation
sc = 2.50
s = 0.071
Coefficient of variation
Vc = 0.667
Vtan = 0.118
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Background and Applications
21
Characteristic values of
shear parameter
k []
ck [kPa]
and c of 4 tests
for the case Vx unknown
27.5
0.8
and c of 4 tests
for the case Vx known
29.0
2.5
Schneider (1999)
29.5
2.5
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Background and Applications
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Background and Applications
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Background and Applications
Wbottom
Wd = Wbottom dst - Wtop stb
Wd = (Wbottom - Wtop) dst
24
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Background and Applications
25
Fd = F Frep
(2.1a)
with
Frep = Fk
(2.1b)
where F is the partial factor on geotechnical actions or
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Background and Applications
26
Fd = F Frep
(2.1a)
with
Frep = Fk
(2.1b)
where F is the partial factor on geotechnical actions or
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Background and Applications
27
Unfavourable
Symbol
A1
A2
1,35
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,5
1,3
Favourable
Variable
Unfavourable
Favourable
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Background and Applications
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Xd = Xk / M
(2.2)
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Background and Applications
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Symbol
M1
M2
Shearing resistance
1,0
1,25
Effective cohesion
1,0
1,25
Undrained strength
cu
1,0
1,4
Unconfined strength
qu
1,0
1,4
1,0
1,0
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Background and Applications
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Background and Applications
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2.4.7.3 Verification of
resistance for GEO and STR
(1)P When considering a limit state of rupture or excessive
deformation of a structural element or section of the
ground (STR and GEO), it shall be verified that:
Ed Rd
(2.5)
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Background and Applications
32
Ek:
E:
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Background and Applications
tan d = (tan k) /
cd = ck / c
k, ck characteristic value of shear parameter
d, cd design values of the shear parameter
33
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Background and Applications
34
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Background and Applications
35
qk
EG
EQ
V, H, M
Rv/V
Rv = (V, H, M, , c)
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Background and Applications
36
Design
Approach
ground
Resistance
ground
1
2222
332
= c = 1.25
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Background and Applications
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Comb. 1
Comb. 2
2
3
Ground
ground
= c = 1.0
= c = 1.25
Resistance
= c = 1.25
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Combination 2
Qd = Q Qk = 1.50 Qk
Qd = Q Qk = 1.30 Qk
Gd = G Gk = 1.35 Gk
Gd = G Gk = 1.00 Gk
qd = Q qk = 1.30 qk
qd = Q qk = 1.50 qk
= = 1.0
= cc = 1.0
dd ==
kk,, c
cdd == c
ckk
tan
tandd== tan
tankk/
/== tan
tankk/1.25
/1.25
c
cdd == c
ckk// cc == c
ckk // 1.25
1.25
EQ,d = EQ(d, cd, qd)
Vd Rv,d
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Background and Applications
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Comb. 1
Comb. 2
2
3
Ground
ground
= c = 1.0
= c = 1.25
Resistance
= c = 1.25
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Background and Applications
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Qd = Q Qk = 1.50 Qk
Gd = G Gk = 1.35 Gk
qd = Q qk = 1.50 qk
Qk
Gk
DA 2*
qk
= = 1.00
= cc = 1.00
dd ==
kk,, c
cdd == c
ckk
EQ,d = EQ(d, cd, qd)
EG,d= GEG(d, cd)=1.35EG(k,ck)
== cc == 1.0
1.0
dd ==
kk,, c
cdd == c
ckk
Vd Rv,d
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Background and Applications
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Comb. 1
Comb. 2
2
3
Ground
ground
= c = 1.0
= c = 1.25
Resistance
= c = 1.25
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Background and Applications
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tan
tan
dd== tan
tankk/
/== tan
tankk/1.25
/1.25
c
cdd== c
ckk/
/cc == c
ckk // 1.25
1.25
Vd Rv,d
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Background and Applications
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Background and Applications
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Annex H
(informative)
Limiting values of structural deformation and
foundation movement
(2) The maximum acceptable relative rotations for open
framed structures, infilled frames and load bearing or
continuous brick walls are unlikely to be the same but are
likely to range from about 1/2000 to about 1/300, to
prevent the occurrence of a serviceability limit state in the
structure. A maximum relative rotation of 1/500 is
acceptable for many structures. The relative rotation
likely to cause an ultimate limit state is about 1/150.
EUROCODES
Background and Applications
Design requirements
Design situations
Durability
Geotechnical design by calculation
Design by prescriptive methods
Load tests
The Observational Method
The Geotechnical Design Report
45
EUROCODES
Background and Applications
Design requirements
Design situations
Durability
Geotechnical design by calculation
Design by prescriptive methods
Load tests
The Observational Method
The Geotechnical Design Report
46
EUROCODES
Background and Applications
47
EUROCODES
Background and Applications
48
EUROCODES
Background and Applications
Design requirements
Design situations
Durability
Geotechnical design by calculation
Design by prescriptive methods
Load tests
The Observational Method
The Geotechnical Design Report
49
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Background and Applications
50
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Background and Applications
51
Job No.
Sheet no of
Made by:
Date
Checked by:
Date
Approved by:
Report used:
Ground Investigation report (give ref. date)
Factual:
Bloggs Investigations Ltd report ABC/123 dated 21 Feb 95
Interpretation:
Ditto
Date
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Background and Applications
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Summary
Section 2: Basis of geotechnical design:
introduces Geotechnical Categories as options,
describes geotechnical design situations,
gives guidance to the selection of characteristic
values of ground parameter,
defines geotechnical ultimate limit states,
defines three Design Approaches as options
and
introduces the Observational Method
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Background and Applications
Thank you
53
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Background and Applications
2.3 Durability
(1)P At the geotechnical design stage, the
significance of environmental conditions shall be
assessed in relation to durability and to enable
provisions to be made for the protection or
adequate resistance of the materials.
54
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Annex A (normative)
Partial and correlation factors for ultimate limit states and
recommended values
A.3.1 Partial factors on actions (F) or the effects of
actions (E)
(1)P For the verification of structural (STR) and geotechnical
(GEO) limit states set A1 or set A2 of the following partial
factors on actions (F) or the effects of actions (E) shall be
applied:
G on permanent unfavourable or favourable actions;
Q on variable unfavourable or favourable actions.
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Background and Applications
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0.50 m
1.00 m
1.50 m
2.00 m
2.50 m
3.00 m
0.50
200
300
400
500
500
500
1.00
270
370
470
570
570
570
1.50
340
440
540
640
640
640
2.00
400
500
600
700
700
700
150
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