Test on Sept 17

Granite
o Black is biotite
o Clear is quartz
o Pink- feldspar
Igneous bodies
o Granite is in stone mountain
o Used to be below the ground, cooled beneath the surface slowly
Intrusive Rock Bodies
o Intrusive rocks exist in bodies or structure that penetrate or cut throughpreexisting country rock
o Intrusive bodies are given names based on their size, shape, and relationship to
country rock
o Deep intrusions are called plutons (Stone Mtn)
Form at considerable depth beneath surface when rising BLOBS of
magma (diapirs) get trapped in the crust
Crytallize slowy in warm rock
Generally composed of coarse-grained rocks (Phaneritic)
Orientation of the igneous body in the earth gives it a differentname
Size and shape ofoverall body gives it its name and characteristics
Batholith
o Intrusive body exposed larger than 100 km^2
Laccoliths and stocks
o Expose is < 100 km^2


o Tierra Del Fuego, Fitz Roy (BATHOLITH

o Granite Batholith in black hillsof South Dakota

Lincolns Face has a scar thats a different color
o They are caused by fine grained textures, called Dikes- cut across pre-exisitng
rocks
Dikes and Sills
o Cut across country rock
o Closer to the surface (APHANETIC)
Cool more quickly
o Dikes usually cut perpendicular (UP)
o Sills go parallel (FILLING IN)
Dike
o Tabular intrusive structure that cuts across any layering in country rock

o
o Olivene, pyroxene in dark rock
o Mafic
o Ferromagnesian
Dikes generally radiate out from a former volcano
If you see a lot of dikes, there usually was an intrusive body nearby
Sill
o A tabular body of intrusive igneous rock, parallel to the layering of the rocks into
which it intrudes
o Fills in horizontal

o
Volcanic neck
o Shallow intrusion formed when magma solidifies in throat of volcano
o Piece of igneous rock that didnt quite make it up to get erupted
Ebinburgh castle is sitting on on a volcanic neck

o Certain types of magma cool this way

o Devils Tower
Columnar jointing
o Occurs when magma cools in a certain way that contrails quickly enough to cause
jointing
o Contraction occurs at centers whichare equally spaced, hexagonal

Xenolith
o Older than rock around it
o Like fruit in jello
o Means it came up at some point
Theres a dike separating the xenolith, the dike is younger
Another tiny dike cutting across
Most of lake martin sits on top of a granite