Excluding concrete surface quality factor

Force, kN

Prediction, Eq. (2.1.20)

600
500

Experiment W97-21

400
300

Parallel lines
to prediction

200

F
tw

100

Deformation, mm

0
0

0,5

1,5

2,5

Figure 2.1.12 Comparison of the stiffness prediction to Test W97-15 repeated and increasing
loading, cleaned concrete surface low quality grout (Sokol and Wald, 1997), concrete block
550 x 550 x 500 mm, plate thickness t = 12 mm, T stub length L = 335 mm
The comparison of local and global deformations can be shown on Finite Element (FE)
simulation. In Figure 2.1.11 the prediction of elastic deformation of rigid plate 100 x 100 mm
on concrete block 500 x 500 x 500 mm is compared to calculation using the FE model.

Vertical deformation at the surface, mm

Vertical deformation along the block height

0,0

top of the concrete block

elastic deformation of the whole block

elastic deformation

glob

local deformation under plate

0,1

deformation at the edge

edge

predicted value eq. (2.1.20)

deformation at the axis

axis

edge

axis

Vertical deformation, mm

foot of the concrete block

0,1

Figure 2.1.13 Calculated vertical deformations of a concrete block 0,5 x 0,5 x 0,5 m loaded to
a deflection of 0,01 mm under a rigid plate 0,1 x 0,1 m; in the figure on the right, the
deformations along the vertical axis of symmetry axis are given and the calculated
deformations at the edge edge, included are the global elastic deformations according to
glob = F h /(Ec Ac), where Ac is full the area of the concrete block
Based on these comparisons, the recommendation is given that for practical design, besides
the local effect of deformation under a flexible plate, the global deformation of the supporting
concrete structure must be taken into consideration.
2.14