Sleep

Presentation
10-9
1

Misconceptions of sleep (Mint)

Sleep is time for the body and the brain to completely
shut down for rest.
Organ and body system in the body didnt shut
down during sleep.
Brain is active as awake.

 One hour less sleep than needed every day wont

affect daytime activity.
A sleep debt is developed when getting less sleep
than needed.
Sleep debt affect daytime activity.

 Body can adjust to new sleeping schedule quickly.

The biological clock will control the sleeping
schedule as normal.
Biological clock can be reset over time.
Jet lag happened because the biological clock.

 Need less sleep when you grow older.

When you get older, youll be easily awake.
As become older, become harder to get restful
sleep.

 Extra sleep can cure daytime sleepiness and sleep

disorders.
Extra sleep may not make sleepiness caused by
sleep disorders disappear.

1.Sleep is a dynamic process (Kan)

For in our life, we spend our time
sleeping. Most people think that sleeping is
not important.They use most of their time at
night to do something else other than
sleep.But if we sleep enough we could do
everything else easier.We can read book and
understand better after we sleep.
7

If we don't sleep enough

Tall
-If we arent tell one of the
reason could be lack of sleep.
When we sleep our body make
hormone that are call Growth
hormone.
Growth hormone can only
produce when people sleep
enough.

Rest time
Some people believe that when people sleep
our brain stops working.Its not true that our
brain are working all the time.But the thing
that rests are muscle and some part of
brain.Eyes arent resting because when we
dream our eyes are moving.
10

2.Physicalogical changes during sleep (Kong)

Have two main state

NREM (Non Rapid Eye Movement)

REM (Rapid Eye Movement)
11

Different between NREM and REM

NREM

eye not move

heart rate decrease
blood pressure decrease
brain activity decrease
ETC..

REM

eye move very hard

heart rate increase
blood pressure increase
brain activity increase
ETC..

12

NREM
13

REM
14

3.Sleep and the brain (First)

NREM (75% of night): When we begin to fall asleep, we are in NREM sleep,which is

stages

1-4

1st Stage
-between sleep and awake
- light sleep

15

2nd Stage - Onset of sleep

- breathing and heart rates are normal.
- body temperature drops.

16

3rd & 4th Stages

-

deep sleep

hormones released (growth hormone)

blood pressure drops

- relaxed muscles

breathing slower

- growth & repair

charge restored

17

REM (25% of night): happen in first 90 minutes after fall asleep and
happen again about every 90 minutes, get longer later in night.
-

Give energy to brain and body

Supports daytime work

Brain is active and dreams occur

Body becomes relaxed

18

4.Biological clock and sleep pattern (Tor)

Our bodies biological clock is affected by light and darkness
The bodys biological clock is also known as 24 hour cycle (circadian
rhythm)
24-hour body clock controls functions:
o Sleeping and waking
o Body temperature
o The balance of body fluids
Our Biological Clock has 2 biological rhythms

19

Two General Types of Biological

Rhythms
1. The Exogenous Rhythms
2. The Endogenous Rhythms

20

Exogenous Rhythms
Produced Externally from the body
If environmental cues got removed the
rhythms stops

21

Endogenous Rhythms

Produced Internally in the body

Self-sustaining biological clock
Bodys temperature moves back and forth
But they maintain even if the
environmental cues are gone

22

5.Homeostasis and sleep(Hunty)

Basic principle of sleep regulation

23

the longer an individual remains awake, the stronger the

desire and need to sleep become. This pressure to sleep
defines the homeostatic

24

The action of nerve-signaling molecules called

neurotransmitters

25

the homeostatic pressure to sleep is hard to resist

after about 16 hours, and then while we sleep, our
closed eyes block the light signals to the biological
clock

26

27

Function of sleep (Book)

Sleep is necessary for survival.In humans,if they dont
sleep for a long time.It will cause an apparent state of
paranonia and hallucinations.Even though theyre
identifying some physiological changes that happen in the
body during sleep,Scientists still dont completely
understand the functions of the sleep.Many hypotheses
have been tested to explain this role.
Here are some hypothesis:

28

1.Restoration & recovery of body systems-Replenish your

energy.The brain remains active and low metabolic rate.In
fact,body protein synthesis decrease when you sleep
2.Energy conservation-Predicts that total NREM and sleep time
will be relative to the amount of energy spent during
wakefulness.
3.Memory consolidation-Sleeping supports learning and
memory.At the same time,helping us to forget some unneeded
memories.If you think too much,you will dream.
4.Protection from predation-Sleeping decrease sensitivity to
stimuli.However,Thieves may come to your room and steal
things.

29

4.Brain development-Your brain cans rest so your brain is

better.
5.Discharge of emotions-Perhaps dreaming during REM sleep
gives a safe discharge of feelings because REM sleep doesnt
let us to act out what we are dreaming.

30

Sleep disorder (Blue)

Sleep disorder is a medical disorder of the
sleep pattern of people and animals.
Some sleep disorder are serious and can
affect physical, mental and emotional
function.

31

Insomnia
Insomnia is difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep.
People with insomnia can feel dissatisfied with their
sleep.

32

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)

Obstructive sleep apnea is a potentially serious sleep

disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts
during sleep.

33

Restless legs syndrome (RLS)

The disorder of the part of the nervous

system that affect legs and can cause a
urge to move them. It can begin in any age.
34

Narcolepsy
Narcolepsy is a neurological disorder that
affects the control of sleep and
wakefulness. Its usually begin between the
age of 15 and 25.

35