Biotic and abiotic factors

Can be inter or intra specific factors.

Intra(between members of the same
species).
Eg. Territoriality, competition for food,
overcrowding.
Inter(between members of different species)
Eg. Predator-prey relationship, host-parasite,
competitive exclusion, resource partitioning.

Human are the predominant biotic influence.

Mutualistic relationships such as specific
pollinators, fruit dispersal

Factors that limit or prevent maximum

reproductive potential.
Density dependent vs density independent
factors.
Factors that influence the population density
of a species.(decrease birth rate or increase
death rate.)

Competition for resources

Predation
Toxic wastes
Territoriality
Diseases