Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
INGENIERA INDUSTRIAL
Asignatura
INVESTIGACION DE OPERACIONES I
Actividad de aprendizaje
No.
Tema desarrollado
METODO DE LA GRAN M Y DE DOS FASES
Participantes
Equipo No.
Anotar
si el trabajo es por equipos
Fecha:
Mtodo M
Z=
3X1
+ 6X2
X3
4X1
X2
+ 3X3
18
X1
+ 6X2
+ 4X3
50
2X1
+ 3X2
35
S.a:
X3
X1, X2, X3 0
Forma estndar
+ X3 + S2 = 35
V. B
X1
X2 V.E
X3
S1
S2
A1
SOLUCION
(-3 +M)
(-6+6M)
(-1+4M)
50M
S1
-1
18
A1
50
S2
35
V. B
X1
X2
X3 V.E
S1
S2
A1
SOLUCION
-2
(1-M)
50
S1
25/6
11/3
1/6
79/3
X2
1/6
2/3
1/6
25/3
S2
3/2
-1
-1/2
10
V. B
X1
X2
X3 V.E
S1
S2
A1
SOLUCION
-119/22
-3/11
(19/22-M)
313/11
X3
25/22
3/11
1/22
79/11 V.S
X2
-13/22
-2/11
-1/33
39/11
S2
29/11
3/11
-5/11
189/11
11
V.S
V.S
Z=
5X1
- 6X2
7X3
X1
+ 5X2
3X3
15
5X1
- 6X2
+ 10X3
20
S.a:
X1
X2
X3
X1, X2, X3 0
FORMA ESTANDAR
Min Z = 5X1 - 6X2 - 7X3 + A1M + A2M
Sujeto a:
X1 + 5X2 - 3X3 S1 + A1 = 15
5X1 - 6X2 + 10X3 + S2 = 20
X1 + X2 + X3
+ A2 = 5
V. B
Z
A1
S2
A2
X1
(-5+2M)
1
5
1
X2 V.E
(6+6M)
5
-6
1
X3
(7-2M)
-3
10
1
S1
-M
-1
0
0
S2
0
0
1
0
A1
0
1
0
0
A2
0
0
0
1
SOLICION
20M
15 V.S
20
5
X1
X2
X3 V.E
S1
S2
A1
A2
SOLICION
(53/5+
8/5M)
6/5+1/5
M
(-6/5
6/5M)
-18 + 2M
X2
S2
A2
(31/5+4/5M
)
1/5
31/5
4/5
1
0
0
-3/5
32/5
8/5
-1/5
-6/5
1/5
0
1
0
1/5
6/5
-1/5
0
0
1
3
38
2 V.S
V. B
X1
X2
X3 V.E
S1
S2
A1
A2
SOLICION
-23/2
-1/8
-53/8-M
-125/4
X2
S2
X3
1/2
3
1/2
1
0
0
0
0
1
-1/8
-2
1/8
0
1
0
(1/8
M)
1/8
2
-1/8
3/8
-4
5/8
15/4
30
5/4
12
Min.
Z=
10X1
+ 14X2
+ 21X3
+ 11X2
+ 9X3
12
2X1
+ 2X2
+ 7X3
14
9X1
+ 6X2
+ 3X3
10
X1, X2, X3 0
FORMA ESTANDAR
= 10X1 + 14X2 + 21X3 + M (12 8X1 11X2 9X3 + S1) + M (14 2X1 2X2
-7X3 + S2) + M (10 9X1 -6X2 3X3 +S3)
= 10X1 + 14X2 + 21X3 +12M 8X1M 11X2M 9X3M + S1M + 14M 2X1M
2X2M 7X3M + S2M + 10M 9X1M 6X2M 3X3M + S3M
=X1(10 -8M -2M- 9M) + X2(14 -11M 2M 6M) + X3(21 -9M -7M 3M) + 12M+
S1M + 14M + S2M + 10M + S3M
Z (-1) - X1 (10 -19M) X2 (14-19M) X3 (21 -19M) S1M S2M S3M= 36M
Z+ X1 (-10 +19M) + X2 (-14+19M) + X3 (-21 + 19M) S1M S2M S3M = 36M
V.B
X1V.E
X2
X3
S1
S2
S3
A1
A2
A3
(10+19
14+19
-21 +
19M
-M
-M
-M
SOLUCI
ON
36 M
A1
A2
A3
M
11
2
6
9
7
3
-1
0
0
0
-1
0
0
0
-1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
12
14
10 V.S
V.
B
Z
X1
X2
X3 V.E
S1
S2
S3
A1
A2
A3
-53/3 +
38/3M
-M
-M
10/919/9M
0
0
1
19/3
19/3
1/3
-1
0
0
0
-1
0
10/9+10/9
M
8/9
2/9
-1/9
A1
A2
X1
22/3+19/
3M
17/3
2/3
2/3
SOLUCI
ON
100/9+1
34/9 M
1
0
0
0
1
0
-8/9
-2/9
1/9
28/9 V.S
106/9
10/9
V.
B
Z
X
1
0
X2
X3
S1 V.E
S2
S3
A1
A2
A3
161/195M
-M
26/192/3M
53/19
-2M
-26/191/3M
X3
A2
0
0
17/19
-5
1
0
53/19+
M
-3/19
1
0
-1
8/57
-2/3
3/19
-1
0
1
-8/57
2/3
X1
17/19
1/19
-3/19
-1/19
3/19
V.
B
Z
X
1
0
X2
X3
S1
S2
S3
A1
A2
A3
-104/19
26/192/3M
53/19
-2M
-26/191/3M
X3
2/19
23/19+
M
-3/19
2/57
S1
X1
0
1
-5
22/19
0
0
1
0
-1
1/19
-2/3
-7/57
-1
0
3.1 -2/57
9
1
2/3
7/57
1/1
9
Min z
sa:
5x1
4x1
+
+
8x2
10x2
40
SOLUCI
ON
376/19
+ 26/3
M
28/57
26/3
V.S
18/19
SOLUCI
ON
2506/57
106/57
26/3
28/57
Min z
7x2
7x2
50
44
0
5x1
+8x2+0S1+0S2+0S3+S3+M1+M2+M3
4X1+10X2-S1+A1
10X1+5X2-S2+A2
7X1+7X2-S3+A3
x1, x2, S, S2, S3, A1, A2
Min Z
=
Z
=
VB
+
+
40
50
44
0
X1
V.E
X2
S1
S2
S3
A1
A2
-M
-M
-M
Soluci
n
134M
-1
0
0
0
-1
0
0
0
-1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
40
50
44
A2
A3
4/511/2M
Soluci
n
32+46M
1/10
-1/2
-7/10
0
1
0
0
0
1
4
30
16
A1
A2
A3
5+21
M
4
10
7
8+22
M
10
5
7
VB
VE
X1
X2
S1
S2
S3
A1
475+9/2
M
-1/10
1/2
7/10
-M
-M
O
-1
0
0
0
-1
X2
A2
A3
9/5+14/
3
2/5
8
21/5
1
0
0
A3
V.S
VS
X1
0
X2
0
X2
X2
A3
0
1
0
1
0
0
S1
69/10011/25
3/25
1/16
11/25
VE
S2
-11/5013/25
S3
M
1/20
- 1/18
13/25
0
0
-1
VB
Z
X1
0
X2
0
S1
-/2
S2
0
X2
X1
17/100
17/100
S2
83/100
Solucin
Z= 38.60
X1= 3.81
X2= 2.48
A1
A2
69/100+36/25 11/50+153/100
3/23
- 1/16
- 11/25
- 1/20
1/8
- 2/5
A3
0
Solucin
155/4 1/4M
0
0
1
2.50
3.75
0.25
A1
1/2 +M
A2
M
A3
43/100
Solucin
38.60
S3
43/100
1/10
17/100
-1
2.48
-6/25
6/25
3.81
-19/10
17/100
83/100
-1
19/100
12/25
VS
Min Z = 2X1+10X2+5X3
Sujeto a:
6X1+8X2+7X3<=45
2X1+2X2+7X3>=10
1X1+3X2+4X3>=10
1X1+1X2+1X3>=0
Cb
0
-M
-M
-M
-
Ci
Base
S1
A1
A2
A3
Zj-Cj
Gran M
-2
X1
6
2
1
1
2
-4
-10
X2
8
2
3
1
10
-6
-5
X3
7
7
4
1
5
-12
Cb
0
-M
-M
-5
-
Ci
Base
S1
A1
A2
X3
Zj-Cj
Gran M
-2
X1
-1
-5
-3
1
-3
8
-10
X2
1
-5
-1
1
5
6
-5
X3
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
S1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
S2
0
-1
0
0
0
1
-10
X2
6
-0.71
1.86
0.29
8.57
-1.86
-5
X3
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
S1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
S2
1
-0.14
0.57
-0.14
0.71
-0.57
Ci
Cb Base
0
S1
0
S3
-M
A2
-5
X3
Zj-Cj
- Gran M
-2
X1
4
-0.71
-0.14
0.29
0.57
0.14
0
S1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
S2
0
-1
0
0
0
1
0
S3
0
0
0
-1
0
1
0
S3
7
7
4
-1
5
-11
0
S3
0
1
0
0
0
0
-M
A1
0
1
0
0
0
0
-M
A1
0
1
0
0
0
0
-M
A1
-1
0.14
-0.57
0.14
-0.71
1.57
-M
A2
0
0
1
0
0
0
-M
A2
0
0
1
0
0
0
-M
A2
0
0
1
0
0
0
-M
A3
0
0
0
1
0
0
-M
A3
-7
-7
-4
1
-5
12
-M
A3
0
-1
0
0
0
1
Bi
45
10
10
0
0
-20
Bi
45
10
10
0
0
-20
Theta
6.43
1.43
2.5
0
Theta
6.43
1.43
2.5
NaN
Bi
Theta
35
5.83
1.43 NaN
4.29 2.31
1.43
5
-7.14
-4.29
Ci
-5
10
X2 X
3
0
0
Cb
Base
X1
S1
4.46
0.31
X3
0.77
0.08
0.31
0.85
0.08
S3
Zj-Cj
1.23
1.92
Gran
M
0.23
1.92
0
0.08
0.31
0.23
10
-5
X2
Cb
0
0
0
-5
-
Ci
Base
S1
S3
S2
X3
Zj-Cj
Gran M
-10
X2
2.75
-0.25
3.25
0.75
6.25
0
-5
X3
0
0
0
1
0
0
Z = -12.5
X1=0
X2=0
X3=2.5
-2
-2
X1
4.25
-0.75
-0.25
0.25
0.75
0
S
1
1
S2
0
S1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
S2
0
0
1
0
0
0
-M
S
3
0
1
0
S3
0
1
0
0
0
0
-M
A1
A2
0.85
3.23
0.38
-M
A1
0
0
-1
0
0
1
-M
A
3
0
Bi
Theta
21.15
NaN
-1
3.08
40
0.54
2.31
7.5
0.15
4.62
1
0.77
NaN
0
1
26.92
0
-M
A2
-1.75
0.25
1.75
0.25
-1.25
1
-M
A3
0
-1
0
0
0
1
Bi
27.5
2.5
7.5
2.5
-12.5
0
Theta
NaN
40
7.5
NaN
Dos fases
Min Z = 6X1 + 4X2 + 2X3
Sujeto a:
6X1 + 2X2 + 6X3 6
6X1 + 4X2
= 12
2X1 - 2X2
X1, X2, X3 0
FASE 1
Min R = A1 + A2
Sujeto a:
6X1 + 2X2 + 6X3 S1 + A1 = 6
6X1 + 4X2
+ A2 = 12
2X1 2X2
+S2 =2
V.B
R
A1
A2
S2
X1V.E
12
6
6
2
X2
6
2
4
-2
X3
6
6
0
0
S1
-1
-1
0
0
S2
0
0
0
1
A1
0
1
0
0
A2
0
0
1
0
SOLICION
18
6 V.S
12
2
V.B
X1
X3
S1
S2
A1
A2
SOLICION
R
X1
A2
S2
0
1
0
0
X2
V.E
2
1/3
2
-8/3
-6
1
-6
-2
1
-1/6
1
1/3
0
0
0
1
-2
1/6
-1
-1/3
0
0
1
0
6
1
6
0
V.B
X1
X2
X3
S1
S2
A1
A2
R
X1
X2
S2
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
-3
-10
0
-1/3
1/2
5/3
0
0
0
1
-1
1/3
-1/2
-5/3
-1
-1/6
1/2
4/3
SOLICIO
N
0
0
3
8
FASE II
Min Z = 6X1 + 4X2 + 2X3
X1= -2X3 + 1/3S1
X2= 3X3 1/2S1 + 3
6 (-2X3 + 1/3S1) + 4 (3X3 1/2S1 +3)=
X1
X2
X3
S1
S2
Z
X1
X2
S2
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
2
-3
-10
0
-1/3
1/2
5/3
0
0
0
1
SOLICIO
N
12
0
3
8
X1
2
1
5
1
X2
6
5
-6
1
X3
-2
-3
10
1
S1
-1
-1
0
0
S2
0
0
1
0
A1
0
1
0
0
A2
0
0
0
1
SOL
20
15
20
5
X1
4/5
1/5
31/5
4/5
X2
0
1
0
0
X3
8/5
-3/5
32/5
8/5
VE
S1
1/5
-1/5
-6/5
1/5
V.BASICAS
R
X2
S2
X3
X1
0
1/2
3
1/2
X2
0
1
0
0
X3
0
0
0
1
S1
0
-1/8
-2
1/8
S2
0
0
1
0
A1
-6/5
1/5
6/5
-1/5
A2
0
0
0
1
SOL
2
3
38
2
S2
0
0
1
0
A1
-1
1/8
2
-1/8
A2
-1
3/8
-4
5/8
SOL
0
15/4
30
5/4
FASE 2
MIN Z = 5X1 - 6X2 - 7X3
X2= (-1/2X1 +1/8S1 +15/4)
X3= (-1/2X1 -1/8S1 +5/4)
Z=5X1 -6(-1/2X1 +1/8S1 +15/4) -7(-1/2X1 -1/8S1 +5/4)
Z= 5X1 +3X1 -3/4S1 -45/2 +7/2X1 +7/8S1 -35/4
Z -23/2X1 -1/8S1 = -125/4
V.BASICAS
Z
X2
S2
X3
X1
-23/2
1/2
3
1/2
SOLUCION
Z
X2
0
1
0
0
X3
0
0
0
1
S1
-1/8
-1/8
-2
1/8
S2
0
0
1
0
SOL
-125/4
15/4
30
5/4
5/4
6
Max.
Z=
3X1
+ 2X2
+ 5X3
2X1
+ 2X2
+ 2X3
14
2X1
- 5X2
10
S.a:
X3
X1, X2, X3 0
VB
R
A1
A2
X1
4
2
2
X2
7
2
5
X3
3
2
1
S1
-1
0
-1
A1
0
1
0
A2
0
0
1
SOL.
24
14
10
VB
R
A1
X2
X1
1.2
1.2
0.4
X2
0
0
1
X3
1.6
1.6
0.2
S1
0.4
0.4
-0.5
A1
0
1
0
A2
-1.4
-0.4
0.2
SOL.
10
10
2
VB
R
X3
X1
0
0.75
X2
0
0
X3
0
1
S1
0
0.25
A1
-1
0.625
A2
-1
-0.25
SOL.
0
6.25
0.25
X2
0
0
1
X3
0
1
0
-0.25
-0.125
II FASE
VB
Z
X3
X2
X1
4.25
0.75
0.25
SOLUCIN
Z
X1
X2
3/4
X3
25/4
S1
0.75
0.25
-0.25
SOL.
32.75
6.25
0.75
0.15
0.75
13
Min.
Z=
2X1
- 3X2
+ 6X3
3X1
- 4X2
- 6X3
2X1
X2
+ 2X3
11
+ 3X2
- 2X3
S.a:
X1
X1, X2, X3 0
FASE 1
Min R = A1 + A2
S. a:
3X1 - 4X2
2X1
+ X2
X1 + 3X2
- 6X3 + S1 = 2
+ 2X3 - S2 + A1 = 11
- 2X3
+ A2 = 5
X1
3
3
2
1
X2 V.E
4
-4
1
3
V.B
X1
X2
R
S1
A1
X2
5/3
13/3
5/3
1/3
0
0
0
1
V.B
R
S1
X3
X2
X1
0
39/4
5/8
3/4
X2
0
0
0
1
X3
0
-6
2
-2
S1
0
1
0
0
S2
-1
0
-1
0
A1
0
0
1
0
A2
0
0
0
1
SOLUCION
16
2
11
5 V.S
X3 V.E
S1
S2
A1
A2
8/3
-26/3
8/3
-2/3
0
1
0
0
-1
0
-1
0
0
0
1
0
-4/3
4/3
-1/3
1/3
SOLUCIO
N
28/3
26/3
28/3
5/3
S1
0
1
0
0
S2
0
-13/4
-3/8
-1/4
A1
-1
13/4
3/8
1/4
A2
-1
-13/12
-1/8
-1/12
SOLUCION
0
39
7/2
4
X3
0
0
1
0
FASE II
Min
Z = 2X1
- 3X2 + 6X3
V.B
X1
X2
X3
S1
S2
SOLUCIO
N
-8
39/4
5/8
3/4
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
-3/2
-13/4
-3/8
-1/4
9
39
7/2
4
14.
MAXIMIZAR: 3 X1 -2 X2 + 1 X3
6 X1 + 2 X2 + 1 X3 16
1 X1 + 3 X2 + 2 X3 12
2 X1 + 1 X2 + 3 X3 = 15
1 X1 + 1 X2 + 1 X3 0
X1, X2, X3 0
MAXIMIZAR: 3 X1 -2 X2 + 1 X3 + 0 X4 + 0 X5 + 0 X6 + 0 X7 + 0 X8 + 0 X9
6 X1 + 2 X2 + 1 X3 -1 X4 + 1 X8 = 16
1 X1 + 3 X2 + 2 X3 + 1 X5 = 12
2 X1 + 1 X2 + 3 X3 + 1 X7 = 15
1 X1 + 1 X2 + 1 X3 -1 X6 + 1 X9 = 0
X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7, X8, X9 0
Base
P8
P5
P7
P9
Z
Cb
-1
0
-1
-1
P0
16
12
15
0
-31
0
P1
6
1
2
1
-9
Base
P8
P5
P7
P1
Cb
-1
0
-1
0
P0
16
12
15
0
0
P1
0
0
0
1
0
P2
2
3
1
1
-4
0
P3
1
2
3
1
-5
0
P4
-1
0
0
0
1
0
P5
0
1
0
0
0
0
P2
-4
2
-1
1
0
P3
-5
1
1
1
0
P4
-1
0
0
0
0
P5
0
1
0
0
0
P6
0
0
0
-1
1
0
P6
6
1
2
-1
-1
P7
0
0
1
0
0
-1
P7
0
0
1
0
-1
P8
1
0
0
0
0
-1
P8
1
0
0
0
-1
P9
0
0
0
1
0
-1
P9
-6
-1
-2
1
Base
P6
P5
P7
P1
Z
Base
P6
P5
P3
P1
Z
Cb
0
0
-1
0
Cb
0
0
0
0
-31
P0
8/3
28 / 3
29 / 3
8/3
-29 / 3
0
P1
0
0
0
1
0
0
P2
-2 / 3
8/3
1/3
1/3
-1 / 3
0
P3
-5 / 6
11 / 6
8/3
1/6
-8 / 3
P0
91 / 16
43 / 16
29 / 8
33 / 16
0
0
P1
0
0
0
1
0
0
P2
-9 / 16
39 / 16
1/8
5 / 16
0
0
P3
0
0
1
0
0
0
P4
-1 / 6
1/6
1/3
-1 / 6
-1 / 3
0
P4
-1 / 16
-1 / 16
1/8
-3 / 16
0
-8
0
P5
0
1
0
0
0
0
P5
0
1
0
0
0
0
P6
1
0
0
0
0
0
P6
1
0
0
0
0
-1
P7
0
0
1
0
0
-1
P8
1/6
-1 / 6
-1 / 3
1/6
4/3
-1
P7
5 / 16
-11 / 16
3/8
-1 / 16
1
-1
P9
-1
0
0
0
1
-1
P8
1 / 16
1 / 16
-1 / 8
3 / 16
1
-1
P9
-1
0
0
0
1
FASE 2
Base
P6
P5
P3
P1
Z
Base
P6
P5
P4
P1
Z
Cb
0
0
1
3
Cb
0
0
0
3
P0
91 / 16
43 / 16
29 / 8
33 / 16
157 / 16
3
P1
0
0
0
1
0
-2
P2
-9 / 16
39 / 16
1/8
5 / 16
49 / 16
1
P3
0
0
1
0
0
0
P4
-1 / 16
-1 / 16
1/8
-3 / 16
-7 / 16
P0
15 / 2
9/2
29
15 / 2
45 / 2
3
P1
0
0
0
1
0
-2
P2
-1 / 2
5/2
1
1/2
7/2
1
P3
1/2
1/2
8
3/2
7/2
0
P4
0
0
1
0
0
0
P5
0
1
0
0
0
0
P5
0
1
0
0
0
0
P6
1
0
0
0
0
0
P6
1
0
0
0
0
CONCLUSION
El trabajo realizado nos ayud a entender mejor el mtodo de la gran M y el de
dos fases, los ejercicios realizados fueron tomados de las copias proporcionadas
por la Ing. Y dos ms de libros de investigacin de operaciones I, con esto nos
damos por bien servidos ya que la mejor forma de aprender es la prctica y el fin
de este trabajo es entender mejor los dos temas.