Cd.

30 Marine Lubricants
THE RAFINERY PROCESS
1. The refined lubricant base oil properties are greatly influenced by:
- crude oil composition or origin
2. Crude oils are roughly classified as:
- Paraffinic, naphthenic, and mixed base
3. Lubricant base oils generally exhibit boiling points above:
- 300 degrees C
4. Solvent extraction is a:
- physical process removing aromatics
BASE OILS AND ADDITIVES
1. Friction modifiers or oiliness additives will:
- reduce friction under boundary conditions
2. Oxidation inhibitors are:
- counteracting chemical breakdown
3. Base oil combinations are selected to meet:
- operational conditions
4. What is EP (Extreme Pressure) oil?
- Additive forming a protective chemical surface film
SYNTHETIC OILS
1. Why should EP additives only be used on ferrous metal surfaces?
- may be corrosive to other metals
2. What is the main criterion for fluid lubricants operating under hydrodynamic conditions?
- Viscosity
3. What is elastohydrodynamic lubrication?
- The contacting surfaces are elastically deformed, distributing the load over a greater area.
4. What is mixed lubrication?
- When formation of a fluid film is partly established
MARINE LUBE OIL APPLICATIONS
1. In which type of equipment is low pour point and good wax depositing important?
- Refrigeration compressors
2. What is the NLGI number of a grease indicating?
- How fluid, or non-fluid the grease is.
3. What is a typical BN level for a two stroke engine cylinder oil?
- BN70 BN100
4. What is the typical BN level for a trunk piston engine operating on residual fuel oil?
- BN30 BN40
5. What is the most important properly of a lubricating oil for reciprocating air compressors?
- low carbon-forming tendency
6. What is the single most important element for gear oils?
- viscosity