ES 21 WFW1 PROBLEM SET 2

1. (2 + 3)2 2 10(2 + 3) + 52 = [cos(|2+3|)]2

2. Use MUC to find the solution to (3 + 102 + 25) = 2 + cos 3.
3. (3 32 + 4 2) = sincot + tancos
3

4. 4 3 + 5 3 2 2 2 6 4 =

5. Use MVP to find the solution to (4 + 23 + 52 + 8 + 4) = 4

6. (2 4 + 5) = 2 cos (Use MUC)
7. (4 1) = cos 2 (Use MVP)
8. [( 2 + 4 + 4)2 + ( + 2) + 4] = ( 2 4 4) ( + 2) ln( + 2)
9. ( 4 3 + 3 3 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 2) =
10. (4 + 43 52 100 500) = 24
11. (2 5 + 6) = (Use MVP)

22
2

+ 3 2 3

Solutions:
2

1. (2 + 3)2 2 10(2 + 3) + 52 = [cos(|2+3|)]2

Transforming to a differential equation with constant coefficients using Legendre Linear
Differential Equation:
(2 + 3) =

[22 ( )( 1) 10(2) + 52] = ( )2

[4 2 4 20 + 52] = ( )2
[4 2 24 + 52] = ( )2
[ 2 6 + 13] = ( )2

Solving for first

2 6 13 = 0
=

(6) (6)2 4(13)

2
=3

= 3 [1 cos + 2 sin ]

Solving for using MVP

= 3 1 cos + 3 2 sin
= 1 3 cos + 2 3 sin
1 3 cos + 2 3 sin = 0
1 [ 3 ( sin ) + 3 3 (cos )] + 2 [ 3 (cos ) + 3 3 (sin )] = ( )2

1
0
3 cos
3 sin
]
[
3
3 (cos
3 (cos
3 (sin
] = [( )2 ]
( sin ) + 3
)
) + 3
) 2

Using Cramers Rule

Det[A] =
3 cos [ 3 (cos ) + 3 3 (sin )] 3 sin [ 3 ( sin ) + 3 3 (cos )]
= 3

1 =

0
[
(sec z )2

3 sin
]
3 (cos ) + 3 3 (sin )
3

[(sec z )2 ]( 3 sin )
sin
=
= sec tan
3

cos

1 = sec tan = sec

3 cos
0
]
3
3 (cos
( sin ) + 3
) (sec z )2

2 =
3
[

3 cos (( )2 )
3

1
cos

= sec

2 = sec = sec
Let

sec + tan

sec + tan

w = sec z + tan z
dw = sec z tan z + (sec z )2

2 =

(sec z)2 + sec tan

sec + tan

= ln|| = ln|sec + tan |

= sec 3 cos ln|sec + tan | 3 sin

= 3 [1 cos + 2 sin ]
= 3|2+3| [1 cos(|2 + 3|) + 2 sin(|2 + 3|)] + 3|2+3|
+ ln|sec |2 + 3| + tan |2 + 3|| ( 3|2+3| sin |2 + 3|)

2. (3 + 102 + 25) = 2 + cos 3

Solving for :
3 + 102 + 25 = 0
(2 + 10 + 25) = 0
Roots: = 0, 5, 5
= 1 + 2 5 + 3 5
Solving for :
1 = 2 + 2
2 = 3 + 3

= 2 + 2 + 3 + 3
= 2 2 + 2 + 2 2 33 + 33
2 = 4 2 + 2 2 + 2 2 + 4 2 93 93
= 4 2 + 4 2 + 4 2 93 93
3 = 8 2 + 8 2 + 4 2 + 8 2 + 273 273
= 8 2 + 12 2 + 8 2 + 273 273

Substituting back to the equation,

8 2 + 12 2 + 8 2 + 273 273
+ 10(4 2 + 4 2 + 4 2 93 93)
+ 25(2 2 + 2 + 2 2 33 + 33) = 2 + 3
98 2 + 77 2 + 98 2 + (48 90)3 + (48 90)3
= 2 + 3
Solving for the constants,
2 :

98 = 1
1

= 98
2 :

98 + 77 = 0

98 + 77 (

1
)=0
98

11

= 1372

3:

48 90 = 0
=

3:

15
8

48 90 = 1
48 90 (

15
8

) = 1

= 867
=

15
8

(867)

= 578

= +
= 1 + 2 5 + 3 5 +

11
1372

2 + 98 2 + 578 3 + 867 3

3. (3 32 + 4 2) = sincot + tancos

sin cos

() = + = (

sin

sin cos
cos

) = (cos + sin )

Solving for :
3 32 + 4 2
( 1)(2 2 + 2)
= 1, 1
: = 1 + 2 + 3
Solving for :
= 1 + 2 + 3

Matrix: [

cos
cos sin
2 sin

1
0
sin

0
]
cos + sin ] [2 ] = [
(cos

+
sin
)
2 cos
3

Using Cramers Rule:

1 =
2 =
3 =

3 (cos + sin )
3

3 (cos + sin ) cos

3
3 (cos + sin ) sin
3

= cos + sin

= (cos 2 + sin cos )

= (sin cos + sin 2 )

Integrating:
1 = sin cos
2 =

2 sin 2+ cos 2+1

3 =

2 + sin 2+ cos 2+1

4
4
2 sin 2+ cos 2+1

= 1 + 2 + 3 + (sin cos ) + (
(

2 + sin 2+ cos 2+1

4

) +

4. 4 3 + 5 3 2 2 2 6 4 =

4 3 + 5 3 2 2 2 6 =

1
+ 4

( 3 3 + 5 2 2 2 6) = 1 + 4
( 3 3 + 5 2 2 2 6) = 2 + 3

Transform into z
3 3 = [ ( 1)( 2)] = ( 3 3 2 + 2 )
2 2 = [ ( 1)] = ( 2 )
=
=

= 2

= 3

Substitute to the differential equation

( 3 3 2 + 2 + 5 2 5 2 6) = 2 + 3
( 3 + 2 2 5 6) = 2 + 3

Solve for the roots

3 + 22 5 6 = 0

________2 + 6
+ 1 | 3 + 22 5 6
(3 + 2 )
2 5
(2 + )
6 6
(6 6)
0

Factors: ( + 1)(2 + 6)
( + 1)( 2)( + 3)
= 1, 2, 3
Solve completely using MUC
= 1 + 1 2 + 1 3
1 = 1 2
2 = 2 3
= 1 2 + 2 3

Solve for A1 and A2

= 1 2 + 2 3
= 21 2 + 32 3
2 = 41 2 + 92 3
3 = 81 2 + 272 3

( 3 + 2 2 5 6) = 2 + 3
(81 2 + 272 3 ) + 2(41 2 + 92 3 ) 5(21 2 + 32 3 )
6(1 2 + 2 3 ) = 2 + 3
2 (81 + 81 + 101 61 ) + 3 (272 + 182 152 62 ) = 2 + 3
41 2 + 242 3 = 2 + 3
1 =

1
4

2 =

1
24

1
1 3
= 2 +

4
24
1
1
= 1 + 1 2 + 1 3 + 2 + 3
4
24

Return to x
1
1
1
1
= 1 + 1 2 + 1 3 + 2 + 3

4
24

5. (4 + 23 + 52 + 8 + 4) = 4
4 + 2 + 52 + 8 + 4 = 4
(2 + 4)( + 1)( + 1) = 4
Roots: m= 2, 1, 1
= 1 + 2 + 3 2 + 4 2
= 1 + 2 + 3 2 + 4 2

|| =

+
2
+

2
2
1
0
22 22 ] [2] = [0]
0
42 42 3
4
82 82 4

1
(3 )(5 )(82 82)(82)
2

Note : follow the steps below(lower triangular matrix)

R1 = 4R1 +R3;
R2 = 4R2 +R4;
R1 = R1 +R2 ;
2R3 = |A|
Interchange C1 AND C2
R3 = R3 +R4
C4 = C4 + C3
R3 = R3-2R4

1 =

+
[0
0 2
4 +

2
2
22 22 ]
42 42
82 82
||

U1 = 0
R1 = 4R1 +R3;
R2 = 4R2 +R4;
Then use cofactors

2 =

0
0
0
4

2
2
22 22 ]
42 42
82 82
||
U2 = 0

R1 = 4R1 +R3;
R2 = 4R2 +R4;
Then use cofactors

3 =

+
2
+
||

0 2
0 22 ]
0 42
4 82

U3 = tan2x + 1
R1 = 4R1 +R3;
R2 = 4R2 +R4;
R1 = R1 +R2
Rearranging will form a lower triangular matrix

4 =

+
2
+
||

4 =

2
0
22 0 ]
42 0
82 4

1
2(2 + 2)

R1 = 4R1 +R3;
R2 = 4R2 +R4;
R1 = R1 +R2
1

= 1 + 2 + 3 2 + 4 2 + ( tan2 + 1)cos2 + (2(2+2))2

6. (2 4 + 5) = 2 cos
Solving for :
2 4 + 5 = 0
Using quadratic equation to solve for the roots,
=
=

2 4
2

(4) (42 (4)(1)(5))

2(1)

=2
= 2 ( + )
Solving for :
= 2 + 2
Multiplying x to ,
= 2 + 2

 = 2 2 + 2 2 + 2 2 + 2 + 2
2 = 4 2 + 2 2 2 2 + 2 2 2 2 2
2 2 + 4 2 + 2 2 + 2 2
+ 2 2 + 2 + 2 2 + 2 2
= (3 + 4) 2 + (4 + 3) 2 + (4 + 2) 2 + (2 + 4) 2
Substituting back to the original equation,
(3 + 4) 2 + (4 + 3) 2 + (4 + 2) 2 + (2 + 4) 2
4(2 2 + 2 2 + 2 2 + 2
+ 2 ) + 5( 2 + 2 ) = 2
5 2 2 2 2 2 = 2
2 :

2 = 1
1

= 2
:

5 = 0
=0

= +
1

= 2 ( + ) 2
2

7. (4 1) = cos 2
( 4 1) 4 1 (2 + 1)( 1)( + 1)
= , 1, 1
= 1 + 2 + 3 cos + 4 sin

1
cos sin
0

sin cos
2
=[ 0 ]
0
cos sin
3
cos
2
sin
cos
[4 ]

4 + 2 , 4 + 3 , 4 + 1 ,




4
0

cos sin
sin cos
cos sin
0
0

After row expansion on R 4 ,

Determinant = 8 cos 2

After using Kramer s Rule on each column,

1 =

(cos 2)(2 cos 2)

8 cos 2
2 =

3 =

1
sin
2

4 =

1
cos
2

After integrating,
1 =

1
[2 sin 2 cos 2]
5
2 =
3 =

1
cos
2

1
4 = sin
2
recall: = 1 + 2 + 3 cos + 4 sin
=

1
1 1
1
[2 sin 2 cos 2] + + cos 2 sin2
5
4 2
2
=

2
1
1
1
sin 2 cos 2 + cos 2 +
5
5
2
4

2
1
1
1
= 1 + 2 + 3 cos + 4 sin + sin 2 cos 2 + cos 2 +
5
5
2
4

8. [( 2 + 4 + 4)2 + ( + 2) + 4] = ( 2 4 4) ( + 2) ln( + 2)

[( + 2)2 2 + ( + 2) + 4] = ( + 2)2 ( + 2) ln( + 2)

Let (ix+2) = ez; z = ln(ix+2)

[( 2 )()( 1) + () + 4] = 2
[(2 + + 4] = 2

[2 + 4] = 2

= 1 2 + 2 2

m = 2, -2 for the left hand side

m = 2, 1, 1 for the right hand side

( + 2)( 2)2 ( 1)2 = 0

= 1 2 + 2 2 + + 2 +
But yc =1 2 + 2 2 , so we take the remaining terms as yp.
= + 2 +

= ( + ) + 2 2 + 2 +

2 = ( + 2) + 4 2 + 4 2 +

Substituting these values to

[2 + 4] = 2

we obtain

( + 2) + 4 2 + 4 2 + 4( + 2 + ) = 2 +

4 = 1; =
1

3 = 1; = 3
2

2 3 = 0; = 9

2
9

+ 4 2 3

2
1
1
= 1 2 + 2 2 + 2
9
4
3
Resubstituting the values for z and ez:

= 1 ( + 2)2 +

2
2
1
1
2
(
( + 2) ln( + 2)

(
+
2)
+
+
2)
ln(
+
2)

( + 2)2 9
4
3

9. ( 4 3 + 3 3 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 2) =

22
2

+ 3 2 3

Simplify
( 4 3 3 3 + 3 3 2 3 2 2 + 2 2 + 2 2) =

2 2
+ 3 2 3
2

2
( 3 ( 1)3 + 3 2 ( 1)2 + 2( 1) + 2( 1)) = ( 2 + 3) ( 1)

( 3 3 + 3 2 2 + 2 + 2) =

2
+ 3
2

Substitute
=
=
into
( 3 3 + 3 2 2 + 2 + 2) =

2
+ 3
2

[ ( 1)( 2) + 3 ( 1) 2 + 2] = 2 2 + 3
( 3 3 2 + 2 + 3 2 3 2 + 2) = 2 2 + 3
( 3 3 + 2) = 2 2 + 3

Solve using MUC

Auxiliary equation:
3 3 + 2 = 0
(m-1)(m+2)(m-1)=0
m= 1, 1, -2

= 1 + 2 3 2
1 = 2
Multiply yp1 by z because there is duplication in yc

1 = 2
2 = +
Multiply yp2 by z2 because there is duplication in yc
2 = 2 + 3

= 1 + 2 = 2 + 2 + 3
= ( 2 2 2 ) + (2 + 2 ) + (3 2 + 3 )
2 = (4 2 + 4 2 ) + (2 + 4 + 2 ) + (6 + 6 2 + 3 )
3 = (12 2 8 2 ) + (6 + 6 + 2 ) + (6 + 18 + 9 2 + 3 )

Substitute to the equation

( 3 3 + 2) = 2 2 + 3
(12 2 8 2 ) + (6 + 6 + 2 ) + (6 + 18 + 9 2 + 3 )
3[( 2 2 2 ) + (2 + 2 ) + (3 2 + 3 )] + 2[ 2
+ 2 + 3 ] = 2 2 + 3
Solve for the values of A, B, C
2 :

12 3 = 2
9 = 2
2

=9
:

6 + 6 = 0
=

6 + 18 6 = 3
3

= 18 = 6
1

= 6
=

2 2 1 2 1 3

+
9
6
6

2
1
1
= + = 1 + 2 3 2 + 2 2 + 3
9
6
6

In terms of x,
= 1 + 2 ln

3 2 ln 1
1
+
(ln )2 + (ln )3
2
2

9
6
6

10. (4 + 43 52 100 500) = 24

(4 + 43 52 100 500) = 0
5|1

4 -5 -100 -500
5 45 200 500

-5|1

40 100 0

-5 -20 -100
1

20

0
(2 + 4 + 20)( 5)( + 5) = 0
(2 + 4 + 4 + 16)( 5)( + 5) = 0
(( + 2)2 + 16)( 5)( + 5) = 0
( + 2 + 4)( + 2 4)( 5)( + 5) = 0
= 2 4, 5
= 2(1(4) + 2(4) + 35 + 4 5
() = 24
= ( 24 + 24)
= 24 + 24

= ()( 2)(44) + ()(2 2 + 2)(4) + ()(

2)(44) + ()(2 2 + 2)(4)
2 = ()( 2)(164) + ()(2 2 + 2)(44) + ()(2
2 + 2)(44) + ()(4 2 2 2 2 2)(4) + ()(
2)(164) + ()(2 2 + 2)(44) + ()(2 2 +
2)(44)+ ) + ()(4 2 2 2 2 2)(4)

= ()( 2)(164) + (2)(2 2 + 2)(44)+ ) + ()(4

2 4 2) + ()( 2)(164) + (2)(2 2 +
2)(44) + ()(4 2 4 2)(4)
3 = ()( 2)(644) + ()(2 2 + 2)(164) + (2)(2
2)(164) + (2)(4 2 4 2)(44) + ()(4 2
4 2)(44) + ()(8 2 + 12 2)(4) + (
2)(644) + (2 2 + 2)(164) + 2(2 2
+ 2)(164) + (2)(4 2 4 2)(44) + (4 2
4 2)(44) + (4 2 4 2)(44) + (8 2
+ 12 2)(4)

3 = ()( (2x) )(64sin4x) + (3A)(2x 2xe2x + 2x )(16cos4x)

+(3A)(4xe2x 4 2x )(4sin4x) + ()(8xe2x + 12 2x )(4)
+()( 2x )(64cos4x) + (3B)(2xe2x + 2x )(16sin4x)
+(3B)(4xe2x 4 2x )(4cos4x) + ()(8 2x + 12 2x )(4)
4 = ()( (2x) )(256cos4x) + (3A)(2xe2x + 2x )(64sin4x)
+(6A)(4xe2x 4 2x )(16cos4x) + (4A)(8xe2x + 12 2x )(4sin4x)
+()(16xe2x 32 2x )(4) + ()( 2x )(256sin4x) + (4B)(2xe2x + 2x )(64cos4x)
+(6B)(4xe2x 4 2x )(16sin4x) + (4B)(8 2x + 12 2x )(4cos4x) + ()(16xe2x 32 2x )(4)
= 2x (4), = 2x (4)
= 2x (4), = 2x (4)
4 = 256A() 512A() + 256A() 384A() + 384A() + 128A()
192A() + 16A() 32A() + 256B() + 512B() 256B() 384B()
+384B() 128B() + 192B() + 16B() 32B()
3
= 64A() + 96() 48A() 48A() + 48() 8A() + 12A() 64B()
+96B() 48B() + 48B() 48B() 8B() + 12B()
2
= 16A() + 16A() 8A() + 4A() 4A() 16B() 16B() + 8B() + 4B() 4B()
= 4A() 2A() + () + 4B() 2B() + ()
= () + ()
= 7/22800
= 37/11400
= +
= 2(1(4) + 2(4) + 35 + 4 5 +
37
11400

2 4

7
22800

2 4 +

11. (2 5 + 6) =
= 3,2

= 1 3 + 2 2 = 1 3 + 2 2

2 ] 1 = 0

2 2 2

[ 3
3

= 5

1 = | 0

2 = | 3
3

2 | ( 5 ) = 3
2 2

0 | ( 5 ) = 2

1 = 3
= ; =
= 3 ; =

3
3

3
3

3
3

= ; =
= 3; =

3
3

3
3

+ (

3
9

3 =

3
9

3 (3+)
10

2 = = 2
1
=

= 1 3 + 2 2 +

2 (2+)
5

3 (3+)
10

2 (2+)
5