PROBLEM ON EPISTASIS

WHATIS EPISTASIS?
EPISTASIS IS THE INTERACTION OF ONE GENE IS MODIFIED BY ONE
OR SEVERAL OTHER GENES, WHICH ARE SOMETIMES CALLED MODIFIER
GENES. THE GENE WHOSE PHENOTYPE IS EXPRESSED IS SAID TO BE
ESPISTATIC, WHILE THE PHENOTYPE ALTERED OR SUPPRESSED IS SAID TO BE
HYPOSTATIC. THE NORMAL F2 DIHYBRID PHENOTYPIC RATIO IS 9:3:3:1 EPISTASIS RESULTS IN DEBVIATIONS FROM THE RATIO.

1.) A WOMAN WITH BLOND HAIR AND RECEDING CHIN MARRIES A MAN WHO HAS
DARK HAIR AND HAS NORMAL CHIN.WHAT ARE THE POSSIBLE GENOTYPES
AND PHENOTYPES OF THEIR OFFSPRING?
MALE
FEMALE
HHCC
X
hhcc
ALL FOUR WILL HAVE THE HhCc ALLELES
HC
Hc Ch hc

P
F1
F2

HC

Hc

hC

hc

HC

HHCC

HHCc

HhCC

HhCc

Hc

HHCc

HHcc

HhCc

Hhcc

hC

HhCC

HhCc

hhCC

H
hCc

hc

HhCc

Hhcc

hhCc

hhcc

PHENOTYPES
-DARK HAIR, NORMAL CHIN- 9 56%
-DARK HAIR, RECEEDING CHIN- 3 19%
-BLONDE HAIR, NORMAL CHIN- 3 19%
-BLONDE HAIR, RECEEDING CHIN- 1 6%
PHENOTYPIC RATIO
9:3:3:1
56%:19%:19%:6%

PROBLEM ON SEX-LINKED TRAITS

2.) A MOTHER WHO CARRIES AN ALLELE FOR HEMOPHILIA AND HAS A LARGE EAR IS
MARRIED TO A MAN WHO IS NON-HEMOPHILIAC AND HAS A SMALL EARS. WHAT ARE
THE POSSIBLE GENOTYPES AND PHENOTYPES OF THEIR OFFSPRING?

MALE
XHeY
ONLY 3 IS NORMAL

FEMALE
XHEXhE

XHe

Xhe

XHE

XHEXHe

XHEY

XHEXhe

XHEY

XHE

XHEXHe

XHEY

XHEXhe

XHEY

XHE

XHEXHe

XHEY

XHEXhe

XHEY

XhE

XhEXHe

XhEY

XhEXhe

XhEY

P
F1
F2

PHENOTYPES
-FEMALE, NORMAL 3 19%
-MALE, NORMAL - 7 44%
-FEMALE, CARRIER OF HEMOPHILIA - 4 25 %
-FEMALE, HEMOPHILIAC, SMALL EARS - 1 6%
-MALE, HEMOPHILIAC, BIG EARS 1 6%
PHENOTYPIC RATIO
3:7:4:1:1
19%:44%:25%:6%:6%

PROBLEM ON SEX-LINKED TRAITS

2.) A MOTHER WHO CARRIES AN ALLELE FOR HEMOPHILIA AND HAS A LARGE EAR IS
MARRIED TO A MAN WHO IS NON-HEMOPHILIAC AND HAS A SMALL EARS. WHAT ARE
THE POSSIBLE GENOTYPES AND PHENOTYPES OF THEIR OFFSPRING?

MALE
XHeY
ONLY 2 IS NORMAL

FEMALE
XHEXhE

XHe

Xhe

XHE

XHEXHe

XHEY

XHEXhe

XHEY

XHE

XHEXHe

XHEY

XHEXhe

XHEY

XHE

XHEXHe

XHEY

XHEXhe

XHEY

XhE

XhEXHe

XhEY

XhEXhe

XhEY

P
F1
F2

PHENOTYPES
-FEMALE, NORMAL 3 19%
-MALE, NORMAL - 7 44%
-FEMALE, CARRIER OF HEMOPHILIA - 4 25 %
-FEMALE, HEMOPHILIAC, SMALL EARS - 1 6%
-MALE, HEMOPHILIAC, BIG EARS 1 6%
PHENOTYPIC RATIO
3:7:4:1:1
19%:44%:25%:6%:6%

PROBLEM ON SEX-LINKED TRAITS

2.) A MOTHER WHO CARRIES AN ALLELE FOR HEMOPHILIA AND HAS A LARGE EAR IS
MARRIED TO A MAN WHO IS NON-HEMOPHILIAC AND HAS A SMALL EARS. WHAT ARE
THE POSSIBLE GENOTYPES AND PHENOTYPES OF THEIR OFFSPRING?

MALE
XHeY
ALL IS NORMAL

P
F1
F2

FEMALE
XHEXhE

XHe

Xhe

XHE

XHEXHe

XHEY

XHEXhe

XHEY

XHE

XHEXHe

XHEY

XHEXhe

XHEY

XHE

XHEXHe

XHEY

XHEXhe

XHEY

XhE

XhEXHe

XhEY

XhEXhe

XhEY

PHENOTYPES
-FEMALE, NORMAL 3 19%
-MALE, NORMAL - 7 44%
-FEMALE, CARRIER OF HEMOPHILIA - 4 25 %
-FEMALE, HEMOPHILIAC, SMALL EARS - 1 6%
-MALE, HEMOPHILIAC, BIG EARS 1 6%
PHENOTYPIC RATIO
3:7:4:1:1
19%:44%:25%:6%:6%